UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 20-F/A
(Mark One)
¨ | REGISTRATION STATEMENT PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OR (g) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
OR
x | ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2002
OR
¨ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from to
Commission file number 1-10882
AEGON N.V.
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
Not Applicable
(Translation of Registrants name into English)
The Netherlands
(Jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
AEGONplein 50, PO Box 202, 2501 CE The Hague, The Netherlands
(Address of principal executive offices)
Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12 (b) of the Act.
Title of each class | Name of each exchange on which registered | |
Common shares, par value EUR 0.12 per share | New York Stock Exchange |
Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12 (g) of the Act.
Not applicable
(Title of Class)
Securities for which there is a reporting obligation pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Act.
Not applicable
(Title of Class)
Indicate the number of outstanding shares of each of the issuers classes of capital or common stock as of the close of the period covered by the annual report: 1,444,579,122 common shares
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirement for the past 90 days. x Yes No ¨
Indicate by check mark which financial statement item the registrant has elected to follow.
¨ Item 17 x Item 18
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Item 4 |
15 | |||
Item 5 |
56 | |||
Item 6 |
106 | |||
Item 7 |
111 | |||
Item 10 |
114 | |||
Item 18 |
125 | |||
125 | ||||
Item 19 |
230 | |||
230 |
EXPLANATORY NOTE
This Form 20-F/A hereby amends Items 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 10 and 18 of AEGON N.V.s Annual Report on Form 20-F for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2002, which was filed on March 31, 2003. This amendment includes editorial changes and expanded discussions of information included in the original report in response to disclosure recommendations of the Staff of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission made as part of a routine review. This amendment also includes certain changes in our U.S. GAAP reconciled figures as described in more detail in Note 5 to our consolidated financial statements included in Item 18 of this Form 20-F/A. None of the changes included in this amendment affect any figures presented in accordance with Dutch generally accepted accounting principles.
This Form 20-F/A does not reflect events occurring after the filing of the original Form 20-F and does not modify or update the disclosure therein in any way other than as required to reflect the amendments discussed above.
PRESENTATION OF CERTAIN INFORMATION
AEGON N.V. is referred to in this Annual Report on Form 20-F as AEGON, we, us or the Company and AEGON N.V. together with its member companies are together referred to as the AEGON Group. For such purposes, member companies means, in relation to AEGON N.V., those companies that are required to be consolidated in accordance with legislative requirements of The Netherlands relating to consolidating accounts. References to the Association and to Vereniging AEGON are to Vereniging AEGON. References to the NYSE are to the New York Stock Exchange. References to the SEC are to the Securities and Exchange Commission.
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In this Annual Report on Form 20-F, references to EUR and euro are to the lawful currency of the member states of the European Monetary Union that have adopted the single currency in accordance with the Treaty establishing the European Community, as amended by the Treaty on European Union. References to $, USD, US$ and US dollars are to the lawful currency of the United States of America, references to NLG and guilders are to the up to January 1, 2002, lawful currency of The Netherlands, references to GBP, pound sterling and the UK pound are to the lawful currency of the United Kingdom, references to CAD and Canadian dollars are to the lawful currency of Canada and references to CNY are to the lawful currency of the Peoples Republic of China.
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
The statements contained in this Annual Report that are not historical facts are forward-looking statements as defined in the U.S. Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Words such as believe, estimate, intend, may, expect, anticipate, predict, project, counting on, plan, continue, want, forecast, should, would, is confident and will and similar expressions as they relate to us are intended to identify such forward-looking statements. These statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions that are difficult to predict. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of their dates.
All forward-looking statements are subject to various risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from expectations, including, but not limited to, the following:
| changes in general economic conditions, particularly in the United States, The Netherlands and the United Kingdom; |
| changes in the performance of financial markets, including emerging markets, including: |
| the frequency and severity of defaults by issuers in our fixed income investment portfolios; and |
| the effects of corporate bankruptcies and/or accounting restatements (such as Enron and WorldCom) on the financial markets and the resulting decline in value of equity and debt securities we hold; |
| the frequency and severity of insured loss events; |
| changes affecting mortality, morbidity and other factors that may affect the profitability of our insurance products; |
| changes affecting interest rate levels and continuing low interest levels; |
| changes affecting currency exchange rates, including the euro/US dollar and euro/UK pound exchange rates; |
| increasing levels of competition in the United States, The Netherlands, the United Kingdom and emerging markets; |
| changes in laws and regulations, particularly those affecting our operations, the products we sell and the attractiveness of certain products to our consumers; |
| regulatory changes relating to the insurance industry in the jurisdictions in which we operate; |
| acts of God, acts of terrorism and acts of war; |
| changes in the policies of central banks and/or foreign governments; |
| litigation or regulatory action that could require us to pay significant damages or change the way we do business; |
| customer responsiveness to both new products and distribution channels; and |
| competitive, legal, regulatory, or tax changes that affect the distribution cost of or demand for our products and our failure to achieve anticipated levels of earnings or operational efficiencies as well as other cost saving initiatives. |
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PART I
Selected financial data
In the table below, we provide you with our summary historical financial data. We have prepared this information using our consolidated financial statements for each of the five years ended December 31, 2002.
Our consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the Netherlands (Dutch accounting principles), which differ in certain significant respects from generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (US GAAP). You can find a description of the significant differences between Dutch accounting principles and US GAAP and a reconciliation of shareholders equity and net income based on Dutch accounting principles to US GAAP in note 5 of the notes to our consolidated financial statements in Item 18 of this Annual Report on Form 20-F.
When you read this summary historical financial data, it is important that you read it in conjunction with, and it is qualified by reference to, the historical financial statements and related notes in Item 18.
All per share amounts have been calculated based on the weighted average number of common shares outstanding after giving effect to all stock dividends and stock splits through December 31, 2002.
Years ended December 31, | |||||||||||
2002 |
2001 |
2000 |
1999 |
1998 | |||||||
(in million EUR, except per share amounts) | |||||||||||
Consolidated income statement information: |
|||||||||||
Amounts based upon Dutch accounting principles1 |
|||||||||||
Premium income |
21,356 | 21,578 | 20,771 | 14,980 | 11,550 | ||||||
Investment income |
9,372 | 9,933 | 9,612 | 6,690 | 5,003 | ||||||
Total revenues3,4 |
31,144 | 31,895 | 30,707 | 22,374 | 17,179 | ||||||
Income before tax |
1,849 | 3,243 | 2,839 | 2,181 | 1,634 | ||||||
Net income4 |
1,547 | 2,397 | 2,066 | 1,570 | 1,247 | ||||||
Net income per common share5 |
|||||||||||
Net income |
1.08 | 1.76 | 1.57 | 1.28 | 1.08 | ||||||
Net income, fully diluted |
1.08 | 1.75 | 1.55 | 1.26 | 1.06 | ||||||
Amounts based upon US GAAP1,2 |
|||||||||||
Premium income |
10,191 | 10,214 | 7,509 | 5,784 | 4,928 | ||||||
Investment income |
8,640 | 11,001 | 12,773 | 7,013 | 5,656 | ||||||
Total revenues3,4 |
19,247 | 21,599 | 20,654 | 13,501 | 11,210 | ||||||
Income from continuing operations before tax |
(841 | ) | 1,158 | 3,492 | 1,950 | 1,928 | |||||
Net income |
(2,328 | ) | 632 | 2,716 | 1,601 | 1,471 | |||||
Net income per common share5 |
|||||||||||
Basic |
(1.68 | ) | 0.46 | 2.06 | 1.31 | 1.28 | |||||
Diluted |
(1.68 | ) | 0.46 | 2.04 | 1.29 | 1.25 |
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Years ended December 31, | |||||||||||||
2002 |
2001 |
2000 |
1999 |
1998 | |||||||||
(in million EUR, except per share amounts) | |||||||||||||
Consolidated balance sheet information: |
|||||||||||||
Amounts based upon Dutch accounting principles1 |
|||||||||||||
Total assets |
238,206 | 264,061 | 244,216 | 228,808 | 131,196 | ||||||||
Technical provisions |
197,642 | 220,523 | 206,097 | 190,145 | 102,959 | ||||||||
Long-term liabilities (including current portion) |
6,480 | 7,855 | 6,528 | 5,735 | 3,891 | ||||||||
Shareholders equity6 |
14,231 | 15,923 | 12,844 | 13,543 | 7,934 | ||||||||
Amounts based upon US GAAP1, 2 |
|||||||||||||
Total assets |
268,316 | 299,603 | 281,580 | 262,694 | 138,083 | ||||||||
Technical provisions |
217,022 | 240,297 | 225,602 | 206,007 | 108,355 | ||||||||
Long-term liabilities (including current portion) |
7,220 | 10,462 | 15,749 | 14,770 | 3,804 | ||||||||
Trust pass-through securities (TRUPS) and monthly income preferred stock (MIPS) |
491 | 584 | 553 | 512 | 87 | ||||||||
Shareholders equity |
17,554 | 20,831 | 18,965 | 17,050 | 9,612 | ||||||||
Other: |
|||||||||||||
Life insurance in force |
1,244,741 | 1,248,452 | 1,163,443 | 972,560 | 300,466 | ||||||||
Investment income for the account of policyholders3 |
(11,524 | ) | (9,515 | ) | (3,495 | ) | 13,533 | 8,466 | |||||
Annuity deposits, including GIC/funding agreements3 |
28,419 | 26,381 | 25,506 | 17,445 | 6,723 | ||||||||
Share capital |
226 | 224 | 215 | 216 | 185 | ||||||||
(in thousands) | |||||||||||||
Number of common shares: |
|||||||||||||
Balance at January 1 |
1,422,253 | 1,350,524 | 668,426 | 583,180 | 289,863 | ||||||||
Stock split |
| | 668,426 | | 289,863 | ||||||||
Issuance of shares |
| 55,000 | | 82,546 | | ||||||||
Stock dividends |
22,326 | 16,484 | 13,194 | 2,319 | 2,195 | ||||||||
Exercise of options |
| 245 | 478 | 381 | 1,259 | ||||||||
Balance at end of period |
1,444,579 | 1,422,253 | 1,350,524 | 668,426 | 583,180 |
1 | Our consolidated financial statements were prepared in accordance with Dutch accounting principles, which differ in certain respects from US GAAP. See Note 5 to our consolidated financial statements in Item 18 of this Annual Report for information concerning the differences between Dutch accounting principles and US GAAP. |
2 | Reflects adjustments made to certain income statement amounts based on US GAAP in 2002 and 2000 and to certain balance sheet amounts based on US GAAP at December 31, 2001. The adjustments are described in more detail in Note 5 to our consolidated financial statements in Item 18 of this Annual Report. |
3 | Excluded from the income statements prepared in accordance with Dutch accounting principles are receipts related to investment-type annuity products and investment income for the account of policyholders. In addition, universal life-type deposits are excluded from premium revenue in the income statements prepared in accordance with US GAAP. |
4 | Foreign currency items in the consolidated income statements have been converted at weighted average annual rates. |
5 | Per share data have been calculated based on the weighted average number of common shares outstanding after giving effect to all stock dividends and stock splits through December 31, 2002. Diluted per share data give effect to all dilutive securities. |
6 | The figures for 1998 through 2000 have not been adjusted for the change in accounting for dividends. |
5
Dividends
AEGON has declared interim and final dividends for the years 1998 through 2002 in the amounts set forth in the table below. Dividends in US dollars are calculated based on the Midpoint Rate (the rate settled each working day at 14:15 hours by the Dutch Central Bank) on the business day following the shareholder meeting approving the relevant interim and final dividend.
EUR per common share1 |
USD per common share1 | |||||||||||
Year |
Interim |
Final |
Total |
Interim |
Final |
Total | ||||||
1998 |
0.21 | 0.30 | 0.51 | 0.23 | 0.31 | 0.54 | ||||||
1999 |
0.25 | 0.35 | 0.60 | 0.27 | 0.31 | 0.58 | ||||||
2000 |
0.30 | 0.44 | 0.74 | 0.27 | 0.39 | 0.66 | ||||||
2001 |
0.37 | 0.46 | 0.83 | 0.33 | 0.41 | 0.74 | ||||||
2002 |
0.37 | 0.372 | 0.742 | 0.36 | 0.342 | 0.702 |
1 | Paid, at each shareholders option, in cash or in stock, except 2002 final dividend. |
2 | The final dividend for 2002 has been proposed to be paid entirely in common shares at the rate of one new common share for every 25 common shares held on the record date. |
On August 8, 2002, AEGON declared an interim dividend for 2002 of EUR 0.37 per common share. AEGON has proposed to its Annual General Meeting of Shareholders, scheduled to occur on April 17, 2003, that the full year 2002 dividend be set at EUR 0.74 per common shares, resulting in a final dividend for 2002 of EUR 0.37 per common share.
AEGON has proposed that the EUR 0.37 final dividend for 2002 be paid entirely in common shares. The final dividend will entitle holders of common shares on the record date to receive one new common share for each 25 common shares held. AEGON announced on March 6, 2003 that it is currently considering proposing a dividend for 2003 of EUR 0.40 to be paid in cash or common shares depending on its capital position at that time.
Annual dividends on AEGONs preferred shares are calculated as a percentage of the paid-in capital on the preferred shares using a rate equal to the European Central Banks fixed interest percentage for basic refinancing transactions plus 1.75%, as determined on the first Euronext Amsterdam working day of the financial year to which the dividend relates, resulting in a rate of 5.0% for 2002. Applying this rate to the weighted average paid-in capital of our preferred shares during 2002, taking into account the increase in paid-in capital on the preferred shares as a result of the September 2002 restructuring described in Item 4. Information on the CompanyRecent Developments and Capital Expenditures and Divestments, the annual dividend on our preferred shares payable for 2002 will be EUR 30 million, as compared to an annual dividend in 2001 prior to such restructuring of EUR 3 million. The rate for annual dividends on preferred shares in 2003, as determined on January 2, 2003, is 4.5% and the annual dividend on preferred shares for 2003, based on the paid-in capital on the preferred shares on January 2, 2003, will be EUR 95 million.
Exchange Rates
On January 1, 1999, the Dutch guilder became a component of the euro. The exchange rate at which the guilder has been irrevocably fixed against the euro is EUR 1 = NLG 2.20371.
Fluctuations in the exchange rate between the euro and the US dollar will affect the dollar equivalent of the euro price of our common shares traded on Euronext Amsterdam and, as a result, are likely to affect the market price of our common shares in the United States. Such fluctuations will also affect any dollar amounts received by holders of common shares on conversion of any cash dividends paid in euros on our common shares.
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As at March 25, 2003 the USD exchange rate1 was EUR 1 = USD 1.0673
The high and low exchange rates1 for the US dollar per euro for each of the last six months through February 2003 are set forth below:
Sept. 2002 |
Oct. 2002 |
Nov. 2002 |
Dec. 2002 |
Jan. 2003 |
Feb. 2003 | |||||||
High (USD per EUR) |
0.9959 | 0.9881 | 1.0139 | 1.0485 | 1.0861 | 1.0875 | ||||||
Low (USD per EUR) |
0.9685 | 0.9708 | 0.9895 | 0.9927 | 1.0361 | 1.0708 |
The average exchange rates1 for the US dollar per euro for the five years ended December 31, 2002, calculated by using the average of the exchange rates on the last day of each month during the period, are set forth below:
Year ended December 31, |
Average rate | |
1998 |
1.1116 | |
1999 |
1.0588 | |
2000 |
0.9207 | |
2001 |
0.8909 | |
2002 |
0.9495 |
1 | The US dollar exchange rates are the noon buying rates in New York City for cable transfers in euro as certified for customs purposes by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York. |
Risk Factors
Relating to AEGONs Business
Interest rate volatility in the form of rapid increases or sustained high or low interest rate levels may adversely affect our profitability and shareholders equity
In periods of rapidly increasing or sustained high interest rates, policy loans and surrenders and withdrawals may tend to increase as policyholders seek investments with higher perceived returns. This activity may result in cash payments by us requiring that we sell invested assets at a time when the prices of those assets are adversely affected by the increase in market interest rates, which may result in realized investment losses. Regardless of whether we realize an investment loss, these cash payments would result in a decrease in our total invested assets and a decrease in our net income. Among other things, premature withdrawals may also cause us to accelerate amortization of policy acquisition costs, which would also reduce our net income.
Conversely, during periods of sustained low interest rates, life insurance and annuity products may be relatively more attractive to consumers, resulting in increased premium payments on products with flexible premium features, and a higher percentage of insurance policies remaining in force from year to year. During such a period, investment earnings may be lower because the interest earnings on new fixed income investments will likely have declined with the market interest rates. In addition, mortgages and redeemable bonds in the investment portfolio are more likely to be repaid as borrowers seek to borrow at lower interest rates, and we may be required to reinvest the proceeds in securities bearing lower interest rates. Accordingly, during periods of sustained low interest rates, our net income may decline as a result of a decrease in the spread between either the interest rates credited to policyholders or the rates assumed in reserves, and returns on the investment portfolio. See Item 11, Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure about Market Risk, of this Annual Report for a detailed sensitivity analysis discussion.
The profitability of spread-based business depends in large part upon the ability to manage interest rate spreads, and the credit and other risks inherent in the investment portfolio. Investment income from general account fixed income investments for the years 2000, 2001 and 2002 was EUR 8.7 billion, EUR 8.8 billion and EUR 8.3 billion, respectively. The value of the related general account fixed income investment portfolio at the
7
end of the years 2000, 2001 and 2002 was EUR 109 billion, EUR 128 billion and EUR 124 billion, respectively. We may not be able to successfully manage interest rate spreads or the potential negative impact of those risks.
A decline in the equity securities markets may adversely affect our profitability and shareholders equity as well as our sales of savings and investment products and the amount of assets under management
Fluctuations in the equity securities markets and other economic factors have adversely affected and may continue to adversely affect our profitability as well as our sales of our separate account unit linked products, pension products, variable annuities, variable life insurance, and mutual funds. The level of volatility in the markets in which we invest and the overall investment returns earned in those markets also affect our profitability and can reduce our shareholders equity. Significant terrorist actions, as well as general economic conditions, have led to and may continue to result in significant decreases in the value of the equity securities in which we invest. Realized losses or impairment losses are, under Dutch accounting principles, transferred from the unrealized part of the revaluation account to the realized part of the revaluation account. In 2002 and 2001, declines in equity securities held in our general account resulted in the recognition of impairment losses of EUR 1.057 billion and EUR 36 million, respectively.
Additionally, equity market declines have required and may continue to require us to accelerate amortization of policy acquisition costs and to establish additional reserves for minimum guaranteed benefits, which reduces our net income and shareholders equity. These market conditions may also significantly reduce the popularity of our savings and investment products, which could lead to lower sales and net income. During 2002, AEGON recognized accelerated amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs of EUR 450 million and increased provisions for products with guaranteed minimum benefit reserves of EUR 482 million.
Differences between actual claims experience and underwriting and reserve assumptions may require liabilities to be increased
Our earnings depend significantly upon the extent to which our actual claims experience is consistent with the assumptions we use in setting the prices for products and establishing the liabilities for obligations for technical provisions and claims. To the extent that our actual claims experience is less favorable than the underlying assumptions used in establishing such liabilities, we may be required to increase our liabilities, which may reduce our net income. In addition, certain acquisition costs related to the sale of new policies and the purchase of policies already in force have been recorded as assets on the balance sheet and are being amortized into income over time. If the assumptions relating to the future profitability of these policies (such as future claims, investment income and expenses) are not realized, the amortization of these costs could be accelerated and may even require write-offs due to unrecoverability. This could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
Fluctuations in currency exchange rates may affect our reported results of operations
As an international life insurance company, we are subject to currency risk. Equity held in subsidiaries is kept in local currencies to the extent shareholders equity is required to satisfy regulatory and self-imposed capital requirements. We hold the remainder of our capital base (capital securities, subordinated and senior debt) in various currencies in amounts we believe correspond approximately to the book value of our activities in those currencies to minimize any impact on our equity ratios. Currency risk in the investment portfolios is managed using asset/liability matching principles. In 2000, we discontinued hedging the income streams from the main non-Dutch units and, as a result, our earnings may fluctuate due to currency translation. As we have significant business segments in the Americas and in the United Kingdom, the principal sources of exposure we have to currency fluctuations are from the differences between the U.S. dollar and the euro and between the UK pound and the euro. We may experience significant changes in our net income and equity because of the fluctuations in currency exchange rates between the U.S. dollar and the euro and the UK pound and the euro. For the Americas segment (which primarily conducts its business in U.S. dollars), our total revenues and net income in 2002
8
amounted to EUR 17.4 billion and EUR 967 million, respectively. For the United Kingdom segment (which primarily conducts its business in UK pounds), our total revenues and net income in 2002 amounted to EUR 6.6 billion and EUR 178 million, respectively. On a consolidated basis, these two segments represented 77% of the total revenues and 74% of the net income for the year 2002. Additionally, we borrow in various currencies to hedge the currency exposure arising from our operations. We seek to align our borrowings to our capital in units. At December 31, 2002 and at June 30, 2003 we had borrowed amounts in proportion to the currency mix of our capital in units, which was denominated approximately 72% in U.S. dollars, 14% in UK pounds and 14% in euro.
A downgrade in ratings may increase policy surrenders and withdrawals, adversely affect relationships with distributors and negatively affect our results of operations
Claims paying ability and financial strength ratings are factors in establishing the competitive position of insurers. A rating downgrade (or the potential for such a downgrade) of us or any of our rated insurance subsidiaries could, among other things, materially increase the number of policy surrenders and withdrawals by policyholders of cash values from their policies, adversely affect relationships with broker-dealers, banks, agents, wholesalers and other distributors of our products and services, negatively impact new sales, and adversely affect our ability to compete and thereby have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition. Negative changes in credit ratings may increase our cost of funding. On April 8, 2003, Standard and Poors Ratings Services lowered its counterparty credit rating on AEGONs senior debt from AA- to A+, with a stable outlook. Standard and Poors credit rating of AEGONs subordinated debt is A. On December 12, 2002, Moodys lowered its rating on AEGONs senior unsecured debt from Aa3 to A2 with a negative outlook.
Changes in government regulations in the countries in which we operate may affect our profitability
Our insurance business is subject to comprehensive regulation and supervision in all countries in which we operate. The primary purpose of such regulation is to protect policyholders, not holders of our securities. Changes in existing insurance laws and regulations may affect the way in which we conduct our business and the products we may offer. For example, we expect our U.S. sales to be affected by the new amendments to the Federal Trade Commission Telemarketing Sales Rule as approximately 17% of AEGON USA new health insurance sales in 2002 were generated by telemarketing in the United States. The amendments to the rule, the majority of which went into effect on March 31, 2003, prevent telemarketers from targeting potential customers who have elected to be included in a national do not call list. Moreover, some states also have state-wide do not call lists. In addition, changes in pension and employee benefit regulation, social security regulation, financial services regulation, taxation and the regulation of securities products and transactions may also adversely affect our ability to sell new policies or our claims exposure on existing policies. Additionally, the insurance laws or regulations adopted or amended from time to time may be more restrictive or may result in higher costs than current requirements.
Litigation and regulatory investigations may adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition
We face significant risks of litigation and regulatory investigations and actions in connection with our activities as an insurer, securities issuer, employer, investment advisor, investor and taxpayer. Lawsuits, including class actions and regulatory actions may be difficult to assess or quantify, may seek recovery of very large and/or indeterminate amounts, including punitive and treble damages, and their existence and magnitude may remain unknown for substantial periods of time. A substantial legal liability or a significant regulatory action could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
Defaults in our fixed maturity and mortgage loan portfolios may adversely affect profitability
Issuers of fixed maturity securities and mortgage loan borrowers have defaulted and may continue to default on principal and interest payments with respect to securities we hold. These issuers have defaulted and may
9
continue to default on their obligations to us due to bankruptcy, lack of liquidity, downturns in the economy or real estate values, operational failure or other reasons. Recent poor economic and investment climate in our major markets have resulted in an increase in investment impairments on our investment assets due to defaults and overall declines in the securities markets. A continuation of or increase in defaults on, or other reductions in the value of, these securities could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
Liquidity risk of certain investment assets
Our investments in privately placed securities, mortgage loans, real estate, including real estate joint ventures and other limited partnership interests are relatively illiquid. If we require significant amounts of cash on short notice in excess of our normal cash requirements, we may have difficulty selling these investments at attractive prices, in a timely manner, or both. These assets amounted to EUR 45.5 billion or 34.9% of general account investments at the end of 2002 (and EUR 53.0 billion, or 38.3% in 2001). Investment income from these assets amounted to EUR 3.1 billion, EUR 3.5 billion and EUR 3.3 billion, representing 32.6%, 34.9% and 34.0% of total general account investment income for the years 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively. We realized impairment losses of EUR 217.4 million, EUR 162.4 million and EUR 27.3 million on these assets in the years 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively.
We may be unable to manage our risks successfully through derivatives
We are exposed to currency fluctuations, changes in the fair value of our investments, the impact of interest rate changes and changes in mortality and longevity. We use common derivative financial instruments such as interest rate swaps, options, futures and foreign exchange contracts to hedge our exposures related to both investments backing our insurance products and company borrowings. We may not be able to manage successfully through the use of derivatives the risks to which we are exposed. In addition, a counterparty may fail to honor the terms of its derivatives contracts with us. Our inability to manage our risks successfully through derivatives or a counterpartys failure to honor its obligations to us could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
State statutes and/or foreign country regulators may limit the aggregate amount of dividends payable by our subsidiaries to us, thereby limiting our ability to make payments on debt obligations
Our ability to make payments on debt obligations and pay certain operating expenses is dependent upon the receipt of dividends from our subsidiaries. Certain of these subsidiaries have regulatory restrictions which can limit the payment of dividends.
Tax law changes may adversely affect the sale and ownership of insurance products
Insurance products enjoy certain tax advantages, particularly in the United States and The Netherlands, which permit the tax-deferred accumulation of earnings on the premiums paid by the holders of annuities and life insurance products. Taxes, if any, are payable on accumulated tax-deferred earnings when earnings are actually paid. The US Congress has, from time to time, considered possible legislation that would eliminate the deferral of taxation on the accretion of value within certain annuities and life insurance products. In addition, the US Congress passed legislation in 2001 that provided for reductions in the estate tax and the possibility of permanent repeal of the estate tax continues to be discussed, which could have an impact on insurance products and sales in the United States. Recent changes in tax laws in The Netherlands have reduced the attractiveness of certain of our individual life products. The current administration in The Netherlands has indicated that it is contemplating further changes in law that would eliminate the tax advantages of certain of our products, including group savings products. Any changes in US or Dutch tax law affecting our products could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.
10
Competitive factors may adversely affect our market share
Competition in our business segments is based on service, product features, price, commission structure, financial strength, claims paying ability, ratings and name recognition. We face intense competition from a large number of other insurers, as well as non-insurance financial services companies such as banks, broker-dealers and asset managers, for individual customers, employer and other group customers and agents and other distributors of insurance and investment products. The recent consolidation in the global financial service industry has also enhanced the competitive position of some of our competitors by broadening the range of their products and services, and increasing their distribution channels and their access to capital. In addition, development of alternative distribution channels for certain types of insurance and securities products, including through the Internet, may result in increasing competition as well as pressure on margins for certain types of products. These competitive pressures could result in increased pricing pressures on a number of our products and services, particularly as competitors seek to win market share, and may harm our ability to maintain or increase our profitability.
AEGON ranks fifth overall in the U.S. life insurance market based upon total life net written premiums. AEGON ranks third in individual annuities, fourth in group annuities, seventh in ordinary life and first in synthetic Guaranteed Investment Contracts. Our major competitors in the United States include AIG, Hartford, ING, Metropolitan, John Hancock, Jefferson-Pilot, Nationwide and Prudential. In Canada, AEGON ranks second in the universal life market, third in the traditional life market and fourth in the segregated funding insurance market based upon new sales. Our primary competitors in Canada are AIG, Industrial Alliance, Clarica, Great West Life, Sun Life and Manulife. In the Netherlands, AEGON is the second largest life insurer based on gross life premium income with a 14% market share compared to a 21% market share for ING. Our other major competitors include ASR Fortis, Interpolis and Delta Lloyd. In the United Kingdom, AEGON has a top five position in the independent financial advisor channel for group and individual pensions. AEGON UK faces strong competition in all its markets from two key sources: life and pension companies and investment management houses. Our key competitors in the U.K. primary pension market are Standard Life, Aviva, Prudential UK, Friends Provident and AXA. Our main competitors in the U.K. retail investment market are typically the investment management houses (e.g., Fidelity, Merrill Lynch, Henderson etc). In Hungary, our major competitors include Allianz, Generali-Providencia, ING and OPT Garancia.
We may be unable to retain personnel who are key to our business
As a global financial services enterprise with a decentralized management structure, we rely, to a considerable extent, on the quality of local management in the various countries in which we operate. The success of our operations is dependent, among other things, on our ability to attract and retain highly qualified professional personnel. Competition for key personnel in most countries in which we operate is intense. Our ability to attract and retain key personnel, and in particular senior officers, experienced portfolio managers, mutual fund managers and sales executives, is dependent on a number of factors, including prevailing market conditions and compensation packages offered by companies competing for the same talent, which may offer compensation packages that include considerable equity-based incentives through stock option or similar programs.
Judgments of US courts may not be enforceable against us
Judgments of US courts, including those predicated on the civil liability provisions of the federal securities laws of the United States, may not be enforceable in Dutch courts. As a result, our shareholders that obtain a judgment against us in the United States may not be able to require us to pay the amount of the judgment. It may, however, be possible for a U.S. investor to bring an original action in a Netherlands court to enforce liabilities against us, or our affiliates, directors, officers or any expert named herein, who reside outside the United States, based upon the U.S. federal securities laws.
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Reinsurers to whom we have ceded risk may fail to meet their obligations
Our insurance subsidiaries cede premiums to other insurers under various agreements that cover individual risks, group risks or defined blocks of business, on a co-insurance, yearly renewable term, excess or catastrophe excess basis. These reinsurance agreements spread the risk and minimize the effect of losses. The amount of each risk retained depends on evaluation of the specific risk, subject, in certain circumstances, to maximum limits based on characteristics of coverage. Under the terms of the reinsurance agreements, the reinsurer agrees to reimburse for the ceded amount in the event the claim is paid. However, our insurance subsidiaries remain liable to their policyholders with respect to ceded insurance if any reinsurer fails to meet the obligations assumed by it. See Item 18, Financial StatementsSchedule to Financial StatementsReinsurance, of this annual report for a table showing life insurance in force amounts on a direct, assumed and ceded basis for 2000, 2001 and 2002. See also Item 18, Financial Statements, Notes 1.14 and 1.15 of this annual report for the amount of reserve reduction taken at each balance sheet date for reinsurance ceded.
In accordance with industry practices, AEGON reinsures a portion of its life insurance exposure with unaffiliated insurance companies under traditional indemnity reinsurance arrangements. Approximately 33% of our total direct and assumed (for which we act as a reinsurer for others) life insurance in force is ceded to other insurers. In the United States, Transamerica Reinsurance retrocedes a significant portion of the risk it assumes. The major reinsurers of AEGON USA are Manulife Reinsurance Limited, RGA Reinsurance Company, Clarica Life Insurance Company, Munich American Reassurance Company, European Re of Zurich, Security Life of Denver and Swiss Re. The major reinsurers of AEGON UK include GE Frankona, Merrill Lynch Pensions, Invesco Pensions, Braillie Gifford Life, Barclays Global Investors Pensions and Deutsche Asset Management Life and Pensions. The major reinsurers for non-life insurance for AEGON The Netherlands are Partners Re, Parijs, Swiss Re, Zurich, Aveen and GE Frankona. The major reinsurers of ÁB-AEGON, in Hungary, are Swiss Re and Münich Re. AEGON Spains major reinsurers are Muchener, Nacional, General Re and Frankona.
We may have difficulty managing our expanding operations and we may not be successful in acquiring new businesses or divesting existing operations
In recent years we have effected a number of acquisitions and divestitures around the world and we may make further acquisitions and divestitures in the future. Growth by acquisition involves risks that could adversely affect our operating results and financial condition, including the diversion of financial and management resources from existing operations, difficulties in assimilating the operations, technologies, products and personnel of the acquired company, significant delays in completing the integration of acquired companies, the potential loss of key employees or customers of the acquired company, potential losses from unanticipated litigation, and tax and accounting issues.
Our acquisitions could result in the incurrence of additional indebtedness, costs, contingent liabilities and amortization expenses related to goodwill and other intangible assets. Divestitures of existing operations could result in our assuming or retaining certain contingent liabilities. All of the foregoing could materially adversely affect our businesses, financial condition and results of operations. Future acquisitions may also have a dilutive effect on the ownership and voting percentages of existing shareholders.
There can be no assurance that we will successfully identify suitable acquisition candidates or that we will properly value acquisitions we make. We are unable to predict whether or when any prospective acquisition candidate will become available or the likelihood that any acquisition will be completed once negotiations have commenced.
Risks Relating to our Common Shares
Our share price could be volatile and could drop unexpectedly, and you may not be able to resell your common shares at or above the price you paid
The price at which our common shares will trade will be influenced by a large number of factors, some of which will be specific to us and our operations and some of which will be related to the insurance industry and equity markets generally. As a result of these factors, you may not be able to resell your common shares at or
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above the price which you paid for them. In particular, the following factors, in addition to other risk factors described in this section, may have a significant impact on the market price of our common shares:
| investor perception of our company, including actual or anticipated variations in our revenues or operating results; |
| announcement by us of intended acquisitions, disposals or financings or speculation about such acquisitions, disposals or financings; |
| changes in our dividend policy, which could result from changes in our cash flow and capital position; |
| sales of blocks of our shares by significant shareholders, including Vereniging AEGON; |
| a downgrade or rumored downgrade of our credit or financial strength ratings, including placement on credit watch; |
| potential litigation involving us or the insurance industry generally; |
| changes in financial estimates and recommendations by securities research analysts; |
| fluctuations in foreign exchange rates and interest rates; |
| the performance of other companies in the insurance sector; |
| regulatory developments in The Netherlands, the United States, the United Kingdom and other countries; |
| international political and economic conditions, including the effects of terrorist attacks, military operations and other developments stemming from such events and the uncertainty related to these developments; |
| news or analyst reports related to our markets or industries in which we operate; and |
| general market conditions. |
The high and low sales prices of our common shares on Euronext Amsterdam were EUR 29.23 and EUR 9.04 respectively in 2002 and EUR 13.47 and EUR 5.87 respectively in the first nine months of 2003. The high and low sales prices of our common shares on the NYSE were U.S.$ 26.00 and U.S.$ 8.88 respectively in 2002 and U.S.$ 14.27 and U.S. $ 6.46 respectively in the first nine months of 2003. All share prices have been adjusted for the 2002 share dividend.
We and our significant shareholders may offer additional common shares in the future, and these and other sales may adversely affect the market price of our outstanding common shares
It is possible that we may decide to offer additional common shares in the future, for example to effect an acquisition. In connection with Vereniging AEGONs refinancing in September 2002, it entered into an equity repurchase facility (Repo Facility) and a back-up credit facility (Back-up Facility). As is customary in these repurchase agreements, if sufficient collateral is not maintained by Vereniging AEGON (which in this case is based on the number of common shares and the prevailing share price) and amounts are not available under the Back-up Facility, the lenders under the Repo Facility may dispose of our common shares held by them under the Repo Facility in order to satisfy amounts outstanding. An additional offering of common shares by us, sales of common shares by significant shareholders or by lenders to Vereniging AEGON, or the public perception that an offering or such sales may occur, could have an adverse effect on the market price of our common shares. As of September 30, 2003, the total authorized share capital of AEGON consisted of 3,000,000,000 common shares, par value euro 0.12 per share, and 1,000,000,000 preferred shares A and B, par value euro 0.25 per share. All AEGONs outstanding common shares are freely tradable in The Netherlands, and all shareholders, including large shareholders such as Vereniging AEGON, are free to resell their shares in The Netherlands at any time.
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Our largest shareholder, Vereniging AEGON, holds a large percentage of our voting shares and therefore has significant influence over our corporate actions
Prior to September 2002, Vereniging AEGON, our largest shareholder, beneficially owned approximately 52% of our voting shares and thus held voting control over us. In September 2002, Vereniging AEGON reduced its beneficial ownership to approximately 33% of our voting shares (excluding treasury shares). Pursuant to the 1983 Merger Amendment between AEGON and Vereniging AEGON, as amended, Vereniging AEGON may purchase as many class B preferred shares as would enable it to prevent or correct a dilution to below 33% of our voting shares caused by a new issuance of shares by AEGON. The option granted to Vereniging AEGON permits it to purchase up to a maximum of the non-issued part of the class B preferred shares included from time to time in AEGONs authorized capital if necessary to prevent or correct such dilution below 33% of our voting shares. The class B preferred shares will be issued at an exercise price equal to their par value (euro 0.25), unless otherwise agreed. On September 19, 2003, Vereniging AEGON exercised its option to purchase 10,220,000 preferred shares at par value to correct dilution caused by AEGONs recent share dividend.
In addition, we have implemented certain changes to our corporate governance structure and our relationship with Vereniging AEGON pursuant to which Vereniging AEGONs voting power under normal circumstances, based on the current numbers of outstanding and voting shares, was reduced to approximately 23%, including the 10,220,000 shares purchased on September 19, 2003, of the votes exercisable in our general meeting of shareholders. However, this reduction in voting percentage is not applicable in all circumstances. In certain limited circumstances (such as the acquisition of 15% of our voting shares, a tender offer for our shares or a proposed business combination, each by any person or group of persons whether individually or acting as a group, other than in a transaction approved by the Executive Board and Supervisory Board), Vereniging AEGONs voting rights will increase to approximately 33%.
Consequently, Vereniging AEGON may have substantial influence on the outcome of corporate actions requiring shareholder approval, including:
| adopting amendments to our articles of incorporation; |
| approving a consolidation or liquidation; |
| approving a tender offer, merger, sale of all or substantially all of our assets or other business combination; |
| in particular during the periods when the Association is entitled to exercise its increased voting rights, it will have sufficient voting power to veto any proposal relating to the following matters: |
| rejecting Supervisory Board nominations for membership on the Supervisory Board and Executive Board; |
| appointing an Executive Board or Supervisory Board member other than pursuant to Supervisory Board nomination; and |
| suspending or removing an Executive Board or Supervisory Board member other than pursuant to a Supervisory Board proposal. |
Currency fluctuations may adversely affect the trading prices of our common shares and the value of any cash distributions we make
Because our common shares listed on Euronext Amsterdam are quoted in euro and our common shares listed on the NYSE are quoted in US dollars, fluctuations in exchange rates between the euro and the US dollar may affect the value of your investment. In addition, we declare cash dividends in euro, but pay cash dividends, if any, on our New York Shares in US dollars based on an exchange rate set the business day following the shareholder meeting approving the dividend. As a result, fluctuations in exchange rates may affect the value of any cash dividends you receive.
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Convertible securities (or other securities that permit or require us to satisfy our obligations by issuing common shares) that we have issued or may issue may influence the market price for our common shares
Any market that develops for convertible securities or other securities that permit or require us to satisfy our obligations by issuing common shares that we have issued or may issue in the future would be likely to influence, and be influenced by, the market for our common shares. For example, the price of our common shares could become more volatile and could be depressed by investors anticipation of the potential resale in the market of substantial amounts of our common shares received at the maturity or acceleration of any convertible securities (or other such securities) we have issued by investors who view such convertible securities (or other such securities) as a more attractive means of participation in our equity and by hedging or arbitrage trading activity that may develop involving such convertible securities (or other such securities) and our common shares. Any such developments could negatively affect the value of our common shares.
ITEM 4. INFORMATION ON THE COMPANY
History and Development of the AEGON Group
AEGON N.V., domiciled in the Netherlands, is a limited liability stock company organized under Dutch law.
AEGON N.V. was formed in 1983 through the merger of AGO and Ennia, both of which were successors to insurance companies founded in the 1800s.
Our headquarters are located at:
AEGONplein 50
PO Box 202
2501 CE The Hague
The Netherlands
Telephone number: + 31 70 344 3210
Internet site: www.aegon.com
The AEGON Group, through its member companies, is a leading international insurance group with its headquarters in The Hague, the Netherlands. The principal market for AEGONs common shares is Euronext Amsterdam. AEGONs common shares are also listed on the NYSE and the Frankfurt, London, and Tokyo exchanges as well as the SWX Swiss Exchange. Ranked by total assets as at December 31, 2001 (source: The Wall Street Journal, October 14, 2002), the AEGON Group is one of the worlds ten largest listed insurance groups. The AEGON Group has major operations in the United States, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom and Canada. The AEGON Group is also present in Hungary, Spain, Taiwan, Germany, Belgium and China and has representative offices in India and Japan. With roots dating back 150 years, the AEGON Group has extensive experience in the insurance industry. Crucial differences exist in local markets and for this reason the AEGON Group emphasizes a decentralized organization structure. Our operating companies, with knowledgeable and experienced local management and employees, market their own unique products using tailored distribution channels.
AEGON faces intense competition from a large number of other issuers, as well as non-insurance financial services companies such as banks, broker-dealers and asset managers, for individual customers, employer and other group customers and agents and other distributors of insurance and investment products.
Close to 90% of the AEGON Groups core business is life insurance and pension-related savings and investment products. The AEGON Group is also active in accident and health insurance, property and casualty insurance and limited banking activities. Consistent with a policy of spreading risks to achieve reliable performance, we seek to maintain a good balance of business within the AEGON Group, both geographically and among product groups.
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The AEGON Group has the following reportable geographic segments: Americas, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom and Other countries, which include Hungary, Spain, Taiwan and a number of other smaller countries (Germany and Belgium).
For information on our business segments, see Note 3, Segment Information, to our financial statements in Item 18 of this Annual Report. The business activities of our principal subsidiaries are more fully described within the country sections that follow.
Strategy
Our strategy can be summarized as follows:
Commitment to Core Business
Insurance with a strong emphasis on life insurance, pensions and related savings and investment products. AEGON (AEGON NV or its subsidiaries as appropriate) focuses on the financial protection and asset accumulation needs of its clients.
Decentralized Organization
Multi-domestic and multi-branded approach, giving a high degree of autonomy to the management of the individual country and business units, encouraging entrepreneurial spirit and action. AEGON requires local management to run local businesses.
Emphasis on Profitability
Earnings per share growth of on average 10% per annum; the minimum return on investment is set to earn adequate returns well in excess of the cost of capital on the pricing of new business and acquisitions. Divestments of non-core activities and underperformers, and disciplined expense management are key to the achievement of these objectives.
International Expansion
AEGON supplements its autonomous growth with selective acquisitions and partnerships, which are preferred in countries where AEGON already has a presence in order to build scale and enhance distribution.
Recent Developments and Capital Expenditures and Divestments
Restructuring of Relationship with the Association
In September 2002, AEGON effected a non-dilutive capital restructuring whereby the Association sold 350 million common shares, of which 143.6 million common shares were sold by the Association directly in a secondary offering outside the United States and 206.4 million shares were purchased by AEGON from the Association and subsequently sold by AEGON in a global offering. The purchase price for the 206,400,000 common shares sold by the Association to AEGON was EUR 2,064,000,000, which amount the Association contributed as additional paid-in capital on AEGONs existing preferred shares, all of which the Association holds. The Association and AEGON agreed to set off their respective payment obligations to each other; accordingly, no cash was exchanged between the Association and AEGON as part of these transactions. As a result of these transactions, the Associations beneficial ownership interest in our common shares decreased from approximately 37% to approximately 12% and its beneficial ownership interest in our voting shares (which includes our common shares and preferred shares) decreased from approximately 52% to approximately 33% (excluding treasury shares).
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On May 9, 2003, AEGONs shareholders approved certain changes to AEGONs corporate governance structure and AEGONs relationship with the Association in an extraordinary general meeting of shareholders. AEGONs articles of incorporation were subsequently amended on May 26, 2003. The Associations interest in AEGONs voting share capital has changed in the following ways:
| The 440,000,000 preferred shares in AEGONs share capital formerly held by the Association have been converted into 211,680,000 new preferred shares and re-denominated as class A preferred shares. The nominal value of the class A preferred shares has been adjusted proportionately per preferred share from EUR 0.12 to EUR 0.25. The paid-in capital per share has been adjusted proportionally per new class A preferred share so that the aggregate paid-in capital remains unchanged. |
| The voting power associated with each remaining preferred share (including the class A preferred shares held by the Association and the class B preferred shares issuable to the Association under the option agreement discussed below) has been adjusted proportionately to 2.08 votes per preferred share. |
| AEGON and the Association have entered into a voting rights agreement, pursuant to which the Association has voluntarily relinquished its right to cast 2.08 votes per class A preferred share or class B preferred share. Instead, the Association has agreed to cast one vote per preferred share, except in the event of a special cause (such as the acquisition of 15% of our voting shares, a tender offer for our shares or a proposed business combination by any person or group of persons whether individually or as a group, other than in a transaction approved by the Executive Board and Supervisory Board). In the event a special cause has occurred, the Association will retain its right to exercise the full voting power of 2.08 votes per preferred share. Accordingly, the Associations voting powers under normal circumstances, based on the number of outstanding and voting shares on September 19, 2003, is approximately 23%, including the 10,220,000 shares purchased on September 19, 2003 (discussed below), of the votes exercisable in AEGONs general meeting of shareholders. In the event of a special cause, the Associations voting rights will increase to approximately 33% for up to six months per special cause. The Association will determine in its sole discretion whether a special cause exists and if it is of the opinion that a special cause exists, it will communicate this to the general meeting of shareholders. The voting rights agreement can be amended only with the approval of AEGONs general meeting of shareholders. |
| AEGON and the Association have amended their existing option agreement, which formerly gave the Association the right to acquire additional preferred shares to prevent dilution of interest in AEGONs voting share capital to below 50% as a result of a new share issuance by AEGON. Under the option agreement, as amended on May 26, 2003, the Association may purchase as many class B preferred shares as would enable it to prevent or correct a dilution to below 33% of AEGONs voting shares caused by a new issuance of shares by AEGON. The option granted to the Association permits it to purchase up to a maximum of the non-issued part of the class B preferred shares included from time to time in AEGONs authorized capital if necessary to prevent or correct such dilution below 33% of AEGONs voting shares. The class B preferred shares will be issued at an exercise price equal to their par value (euro 0.25), unless otherwise agreed. On September 19, 2003, the Association exercised its option to purchase 10,220,000 preferred shares at par value to correct dilution caused by AEGONs recent share dividend. |
Capital Expenditures and Divestitures
In the course of 2002, AEGON announced the acquisition in whole or in part of several independent advisory companies in the United Kingdom. The purchases were realized through AEGON UK plc and form part of the strategic goal to invest in distribution capability in the UK market.
On December 2, 2002 AEGON announced that an agreement had been reached with Paramount Life & General Insurance Corporation in the Philippines for the immediate transfer of AEGONs activities in the
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Philippines. The agreement includes the transfer of the existing book of business. Approval of the relevant regulatory authorities has been received for this transaction.
On September 5, 2002, AEGON and La Mondiale, a French mutual life insurance company that specializes in life insurance and pensions, announced that they had entered into an alliance for the development of new pension ventures in Europe. To effectuate this alliance, AEGON on December 26, 2002 acquired a 20% participation in La Mondiale Participations, the holding company under which the non-mutual activities of La Mondiale have been grouped. The agreement provides for extension of the participation to 35% in the next few years.
On May 9, 2002, AEGON and the China National Offshore Oil Corporation (CNOOC) announced the establishment of a joint venture for life insurance activities in China. CNOOC and AEGON entered this joint venture as equal partners and will each contribute 50% to the joint ventures initial capital base of approximately EUR 27 million. The joint ventures headquarters will be located in Shanghai and, subject to receiving regulatory approval, will commence operations in the course of 2003.
Effective December 31, 2001 the AEGON Group sold its partnership interests in two Mexican companies, Seguros Banamex AEGON (a provider of life insurance) and Afore Banamex AEGON (a provider of pension fund management) for USD 1.24 billion to Citigroups Grupo Financiero Banamex in Mexico. In addition, AEGON received USD 40 million as dividends on the 2001 profits of the joint venture companies.
AEGONs subsidiary, Life Insurance (Taiwan) Inc. and AXA National Mutual in Taiwan reached an agreement on October 10, 2001 for the acquisition by Life Insurance (Taiwan) Inc. of AXAs Taiwanese life insurance activities. The acquisition was completed at the end of 2001.
In March 2001, the AEGON Group announced the acquisition through a US subsidiary of J.C. Penneys Direct Marketing Services operations for USD 1.3 billion in cash. As part of the agreement, J.C. Penney and AEGON, through its Commonwealth General subsidiary, entered into a 15-year strategic marketing alliance designed to offer an expanded range of financial and membership services products to J.C. Penney customers. The J.C. Penney Direct Marketing Services businesses operate as a part of the AEGON USA companies. AEGON paid for the acquisition in cash. The transaction was financed with the proceeds of an equity offering of 55 million AEGON common shares on May 30, 2001.
In March 2000, AEGON announced the sale of its banking subsidiary, Labouchere, to Dexia for approximately EUR 900 million. The transaction was completed in August 2000. Only the first quarter net earnings from Labouchere, totalling EUR 31 million, were included in AEGONs results for 2000.
Business Overview
Product-line Overview
General Account Products
With general account life insurance products, AEGON carries the investment risk, earns a spread (the difference between investment performance and crediting rates to the customers) and realizes mortality results
Traditional Life Products. Traditional life products contributed 79% of AEGONs income before tax in 2002. These products are marketed to individuals, pension funds, companies and banks, through (independent) agents, brokers, direct response, worksite marketing and financial institutions in the United States, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, Canada, Hungary, Spain and Taiwan.
Permanent life insurance provides life-long financial protection. Most permanent policies have a cash value feature with minimum rate guarantee that accumulates tax-deferred over the life of the policy and can be used to
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help fund financial goals, particularly in retirement. Whole life insurance is a common form of permanent life insurance where premiums generally remain constant over the life of the policy. Universal life insurance is another form of permanent life insurance that has either a flexible or single premium. The contract has an adjustable benefit feature that allows the customer great flexibility on when to pay premiums and the amount of the premium, subject to a minimum and a maximum. In general, the more the customer pays in premium, the greater the cash value will be. The interest rate at which the cash value accumulates is adjusted periodically. Universal life insurance has a stated minimum interest rate that will be paid on the policys cash value. An indexed version of universal life is also offered where the credited rate is tied to the change, either positive or negative, in a designated stock market index. There is no minimum interest for indexed universal life. Universal life products are sold to individuals, pension funds, companies, and banks.
Term life insurance provides protection for a certain period of time and allows the customer to select the duration of coverage and the amount of protection. The policy pays death benefits only if the customer dies during the specified term. Term policies do not accumulate a cash value. The policies can usually be renewed upon expiration and premiums normally increase upon renewal. Certain term life insurance products sold in the United States (such as mortgage insurance and credit life insurance) provide a death benefit that decreases over the term period, based on a stated method. The rate of decrease usually corresponds with the decrease in the principal balance of the loan.
Traditional life products also include life insurance sold as part of defined benefit pension plans, endowment policies and post-retirement annuity products. Bank- or company-owned life insurance (BOLI/COLI) funds the costs of employee benefits, usually with key employees of the company as the insured persons.
Fixed Annuities. Fixed annuities contributed 9% of AEGONs income before tax in 2002. Fixed annuities are marketed to individuals and pension funds through financial institutions, (independent) agents, brokers and direct response in the United States and Canada.
A fixed annuity is an annuity contract guaranteeing the customer a fixed minimum payout. The fixed annuity products AEGON offers include deferred or immediate annuities, which may be purchased on either a flexible or single premium basis. An immediate annuity is usually purchased with a single lump sum premium payment and the benefit payments begin within a year after the purchase. Deferred annuities are offered on a fixed or indexed basis and the benefit payments will begin at a future date. Upon maturity of the annuity, the customer can select payout options, including a lump sum payment or income for life or for a period of time. Should the customer die prior to receiving the benefits of the policy, the beneficiary receives the accumulated cash value death benefit. The customer can surrender the annuity prior to maturity and receive the cash value less surrender charges. Fixed annuities have a specified rate of interest that can be reset periodically by AEGON.
A multi-strategy annuity allows a customer a choice of investment strategies to allocate funds and provides an accumulative lifetime minimum guaranteed interest rate. Early withdrawal by the customer of the cash value of the annuity is subject to surrender charges.
GICs and Funding Agreements. Guaranteed Investment Contracts (GICs) and Funding Agreements (FAs) contributed 15% of AEGONs income before tax in 2002. GICs and FAs are marketed to tax qualified pension funds and financial institutions and non-tax qualified money market funds, municipalities and oversees investors. GICs are primarily sold to tax qualified plans while FAs are typically sold to non-tax qualified institutional investors. The products are marketed through brokers, direct and (independent) agents in the United States and internationally from the United States.
GICs and FAs are spread-based insurance products that are generally issued on a fixed or floating rate basis and provide the customer a return of principal and a guaranteed rate of interest. For some of the products, the customer receives a return based on a change in a published index, such as the S&P 500. The term of the contract can be fixed (primarily from 6 months up to 10 years) or it can have an indefinite maturity. Contracts with an
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indefinite maturity provide the customer with a put option whereby the contract will be terminated with advance notice ranging from 3 to 13 months.
Products for the Account of Policyholders
Products for the account of policyholders are those where the policyholders carry the investment risk. AEGON earns management and administration fees and mortality results on these products.
Life Products for the Account of Policyholders. Life products for the account of policyholders contributed 20% of AEGONs income before tax in 2002. These products are sold to individuals through (independent) agents, marketing organizations, financial institutions, worksite marketing, franchise organizations and brokers in the United States, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, Canada, Spain, Hungary and Taiwan.
Life products for the account of policyholders include several forms of life insurance and pension products whereby death benefits and cash values vary with the performance of a portfolio of investments. Premiums can be allocated among a variety of investments that offer different degrees of risk and reward, including stocks, bonds, combinations of both, or investment products that guarantee interest and principal. The customer retains the investment risk and AEGON earns a return from investment management fees, cost of insurance and expense charges. The contract account balance varies with the performance of the investments chosen by the policyholder.
These products also include variable universal life (North America), tontine plans (the Netherlands) and unit-linked life insurance (Europe).
Variable universal life products are similar to universal life products, but include investment options and the maintenance of investment assets in separate accounts (also known as investments for the account of policyholders) that segregate the assets and liabilities from the general account.
Tontine plans are linked pure endowment savings contracts, with a tontine bonus structure. On death before maturity, the tontine plans pay a death benefit equal to the premiums accumulated at 4% compound interest, subject to a minimum of 110% of the fund value during the first half of the contract term. This death benefit is charged for on a yearly risk premium basis. The amount of death benefit that is charged for is equal to the total benefit paid to the policyholder plus any unrecouped acquisition costs. On death the balance in the investment account is not paid out to the policyholders estate, but is shared out at the end of the year to the surviving policyholders of the specific series (a new series starts at the beginning of each calendar year) to which the deceased policyholder belonged. On survival to the maturity date, a benefit equal to the fund value, inclusive of tontine bonuses, is paid out. This is subject to a minimum of the premiums paid, if the Mix-fund was chosen.
Unit-linked products are contracts whereby the policyholder is able to choose initially, and change subsequently, the proportion of the premium that is invested in certain funds. The benefits on death or maturity are equal to the value of the units, in certain cases subject to a minimum of the guaranteed benefits. Unit-linked products generally have variable maturities and variable premiums.
Variable Annuities. Variable annuities contributed minus EUR 462 million to AEGONs income before tax in 2002. Variable annuities are sold to individuals and pension funds through (independent) agents, marketing organizations, brokers and financial institutions in the United States and Canada.
Annuities allow a customer to save for the future on a tax-deferred basis and to select payout options that meet the customers need for income upon maturity, including lump sum payment or income for life or for a period of time.
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Premiums paid on variable annuity contracts are invested in funds offered by AEGON, including bond and stock funds and selected by a client based on the clients preferred level of risk. The account value of the variable annuities reflects the performance of the funds. AEGON earns mortality charges for providing a minimum guaranteed death benefit and may also provide guaranteed income benefits upon annuitization. This category includes segregated funds (Canada).
Fee Business. Fee business contributed EUR 2 million (or 0.1%) to AEGONs income before tax in 2002. The products are sold to individuals, pension funds, asset managers through (independent) agents, marketing organizations and financial institutions and direct marketing in the United States, Canada, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom and Hungary.
Our fee business comprises products that generate fee income for AEGON by providing management, administrative or risk services related to off-balance sheet assets (i.e. equity or bond funds, third-party managed assets and collective investment trusts). Our operations in the United States provide investment products and administrative services, including group fixed annuities and (retirement planning) services for various group variable annuities, mutual funds, collective investment trusts, and asset allocation types of pension arrangements. AEGON serves the following retirement plan markets:
| corporate defined benefit plans; |
| corporate defined contribution plans (401(k) plans); |
| not-for-profit organizations qualifying for tax qualified annuities under section 403(b) of the US Internal Revenue Code; and |
| non-qualified 457 plans available to government and tax-exempt organizations. |
Our US operations sell group and individual fixed annuity and 401(k) contracts to small and medium-sized institutions. Group fixed annuities are purchased with a single premium that funds the annuities for a group of employees. The single premium includes a fee for the administrative services to be provided by AEGON after the annuity is purchased. 401(k) contracts sold to small employers are principally sold on separate accounts and allow the purchaser access to the family of mutual funds offered by AEGON.
Bundled retirement plans are sold to mid-sized and large employers. A manager of managers investment approach is used specifically for the retirement plans market, which approach allows clients to access institutional investment managers across the major asset classes. These funds are available in a core-and-feeder structure, in which the core is similar to a mutual fund and the feeder provides an institutional customer with a choice of products that are directly linked to the performance of the mutual fund, such as a registered or non-registered variable annuity, a collective investment trust (off-balance sheet) or mutual funds (off-balance sheet).
The US operations provide the fund manager oversight for the IDEX and Diversified Investors Funds Group family of mutual funds. AEGON builds alliances with investment companies and selects and retains external managers based upon performance from a variety of investment firms. The external manager remains with the investment company and acts as a sub-advisor for AEGONs mutual funds. AEGON earns investment management fees on these investment products.
A synthetic GIC is an off-balance sheet fee-based product sold primarily to tax qualified plans. The plan sponsor retains ownership and control of the invested assets. AEGON provides book value benefit responsiveness in the event that qualified plan benefit requests exceed plan cash flows. In certain contracts, AEGON agrees to make advances to meet benefit payment needs and earns a market interest rate on these advances. The periodically adjusted contract-crediting rate is the means by which investment and benefit responsive experience is passed through to participants.
In Canada, fees are earned through several special service and fund management companies. Fees are earned by providing administrative back office services that facilitate the sale of mutual funds and segregated fund
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products. In addition, a national network of financial planning franchises and representatives earn fees when products of non-affiliated companies are sold. Investment management fees are also earned by providing portfolio management and investment advisory services.
Accident and Health Insurance. Accident and health insurance contributed 15% to AEGONs income before tax in 2002. Accident and health products are sold to individuals and companies through (independent) agents, brokers and direct marketing in the United States, the Netherlands, Spain and Hungary.
AEGON offers limited forms of health insurance, including disability insurance in the Netherlands and accidental death and dismemberment insurance in the United States, but does not offer major medical coverage.
AEGON also offers cancer treatment, heart disease and intensive care policies that are sold to individuals on a voluntary basis at their place of employment with premium payment made through payroll deduction. These plans provide specified income payments during hospitalization, scheduled benefits for specific hospital/surgical expenses and cancer treatments, hospice care, and cover deductible and co-payment amounts not covered by other health insurance and Medicare supplement products.
Long-term care products provide benefits to a customer who because of their advanced age or a serious illness require continuous care. Long-term care policies offered include nursing home coverage, home health care, assisted living and adult day-care services and protect the insureds income and retirement savings from the costs of long-term nursing home or home health care.
General Insurance. General insurance contributed 3% to AEGONs income before tax in 2002. General insurance is sold to individuals and companies through (independent) agents and brokers in the Netherlands, Hungary and Spain.
AEGON offers limited forms of general insurance in selected markets, such as automobile insurance, liability insurance, household insurance and fire protection.
Banking Products. Banking products contributed EUR 8 million (or 0.4%) to AEGONs income before tax in 2002. Customers include individuals and companies in the Netherlands. Distribution channels are direct marketing, (independent) agents, retailers and franchise organizations.
AEGONs banking products include savings accounts and investment contracts (i.e. share lease products). Both products generate investment-spread income for AEGON. Savings accounts offer attractive interest rates while retaining flexibility to withdraw cash with limited restrictions. Security lease products provide a combination of monthly interest payments on a loan and a final payment based on the performance of the investments. Banking products also include investment products that offer index-linked returns and generate fee income on the performance of the investments.
Supervision
Individual entities in the AEGON Group are each subject to solvency supervision in their respective home countries. Based on EC legislation (Directive 98/79/EC) adopted in 1998, the supervisory authorities in the Netherlands (Pensioen en Verzekeringskamer, or PVK) are, as lead supervisors, also required to carry out supplementary supervision. The supplementary supervision of insurance companies in an insurance group enables the supervisors to form a more sound opinion on the financial position of insurance companies that are part of that group. The Directive requires the PVK to take into account the relevant financial affiliations between the insurance companies and other entities in the group. In this respect, AEGON is required to submit to the PVK biannual reports setting forth all significant transactions and positions between the insurance and non-insurance companies in the AEGON Group.
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Both the insurance and banking companies in the AEGON Group are also required to maintain a minimum solvency margin based on local requirements. The required solvency margin is the sum of the margins of each of AEGONs insurance and banking subsidiaries, based on the requirements of European directives. Available liability capital includes shareholders equity, capital securities and subordinated loans.
Organizational Structure
The main operating units of the AEGON Group are separate legal entities organized under the laws of their respective countries. The shares of those legal entities are directly or indirectly held by two intermediate holding companies incorporated under Dutch law: AEGON Nederland N.V., parent company of the Dutch operations as well as the German venture, and AEGON International N.V., which holds the Group companies (all of which are wholly-owned, unless otherwise indicated) in the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, Hungary, Spain (99.98%) and Taiwan.
AEGON USA
General History
AEGONs life insurance operations in the United States are referred to collectively as AEGON USA.
AEGON USA was formed in 1989 when AEGON decided to consolidate the U.S. holding companies under one financial services holding company. Business operations are conducted through life insurance subsidiaries of AEGON USA Inc., Commonwealth General and Transamerica Corporation. Products are offered through several primary life insurance subsidiaries, with licenses in every state of the United States, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, Guam and Canada.
Total employment of AEGON USA as at December 31, 2002 was 14,536, including 3,074 agents.
The primary insurance subsidiaries in the United States, all of which are wholly-owned, are:
| AUSA Life Insurance Company, Inc., Purchase (New York USA) |
| Life Investors Insurance Company of America, Cedar Rapids (Iowa USA) |
| Monumental Life Insurance Company, Baltimore (Maryland USA) |
| Peoples Benefit Life Insurance Company, Cedar Rapids (Iowa USA) |
| Stonebridge Casualty Insurance Company, Columbus (Ohio USA) |
| Stonebridge Life Insurance Company, Rutland (Vermont USA). (formerly J.C.Penney) |
| Transamerica Life Insurance & Annuity Company, Charlotte (North Carolina USA) |
| Transamerica Life Insurance Company, Cedar Rapids (Iowa USA) |
| Transamerica Life Insurance Company of New York (New York USA) |
| Transamerica Occidental Life Insurance Company, Cedar Rapids (Iowa USA) |
| Western Reserve Life Assurance Co. of Ohio, Columbus (Ohio USA) |
| Veterans Life Insurance Company, Springfield (Illinois USA) |
| First AUSA Life Insurance Company, Baltimore (Maryland USA) |
Our US operations (carried out by our collective group of US operating companies) primarily sell life insurance products, including traditional life insurance, universal life insurance, variable universal life insurance, guaranteed investment contracts, funding agreements, fixed annuities and variable annuities. AEGONs US
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operations also sell accident and health insurance, but made the strategic decision to move away from primary health coverage a number of years ago, and to concentrate health operations in the supplemental coverage sector. The majority of earnings contributions from AEGONs US operations are derived from traditional life and universal life products.
Operationally, our US subsidiary companies contain five operating groups acting through one or more of the AEGON USA life insurance companies: Agency, Direct Marketing Services, Financial Markets, Institutional Products and Services, and Pension and Reinsurance. The group structure enables AEGON USA to look across the organization more easily to reduce redundancies, identify business synergies, pursue cross-selling opportunities and improve operating efficiencies. Coordinated support services provide expertise in systems technology, investment management, regulatory compliance and various corporate functions to complement operations.
The expansion of product portfolio and distribution through targeted acquisitions continues to be an integral part of AEGON USAs long-term strategy. Building on competitive products, strong distribution and talented people, the operations that have joined AEGON USA through acquisitions are successful additions that continue to deliver strong performance and foster new growth opportunities.
Recent Developments and Capital Expenditures and Divestments
In 2001 the AEGON USA companies took a major step to extend expertise in direct marketing, a targeted marketing approach that is well suited to the life and supplementary insurance products, and database management with the acquisition of J.C. Penneys direct marketing insurance operations. The integration of the J.C. Penney activities with the AEGON USA direct marketing unit has established AEGON as a large direct marketing organization of life and health products in the U.S.
AEGON USA acquired Transamerica in 1999. The addition of Transamericas US life reinsurance operations represented an immediate leadership position in this market (source: Munich Re report on U.S. life reinsurers) The acquisition also significantly strengthened AEGON USAs agent penetration among higher income customer segments and enhanced the size and efficiency scale of its fixed annuity, long-term care, worksite marketing, 401(k) pension and structured settlements businesses, while also bringing breadth and depth to distribution, enhanced product offerings, and brand recognition. The acquisition also created cost reduction opportunities for AEGON USA and contributed valuable expertise, extensive market knowledge and successful business practices.
AEGON terminated its Mexican joint ventures, Seguros Banamex AEGON and AFORE Banamex AEGON in 2001 with Citigroups acquisition of parent company Grupo Financiero Banamex (Banacci). AEGON was an early entrant in the underserved Mexican insurance market in 1995, and together with Banacci, became a leading provider of insurance and retirement savings products
Key Priorities for 2003
For 2003, AEGON Americas will pursue growth in our core business at an acceptable risk profile. In addition, the various cost saving initiatives will be vigorously pursued. Broadening and growing distribution relationships will accelerate, as enhanced technology capabilities and management emphasis will bring more of AEGON USAs product offerings to each distribution channel.
Products and Distribution
Agency Group
The Agency Group divisions offer a wide range of insurance products through career and independent agents, registered representatives, financial advisors and specialized marketing organizations, and target distinct
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market segments ranging from home service to the advanced market that serves clients with higher net worth by providing various tax and estate planning products. The Agency Group consists of AEGON Financial Partners, LIICA Agency/Intersecurities, Transamerica Insurance & Investment Group, World Financial Group, Monumental Division and Long Term Care.
AEGON Financial Partners (AFP) was formed in early 2002 as a new internal service organization to enable the Agency Group to take better advantage of its combined size and strength by integrating the operations, technology and service functions of the former Equity Group, Individual Division and Transamerica Insurance & Investment Group. AFP provides services to LIICA Agency/Intersecurities (formerly sales and marketing for the Individual Division), Transamerica Insurance & Investment Group and World Financial Group (formerly sales and distribution for the Equity Group).
LIICA Agency/Intersecurities targets middle to upper-income markets, selling primarily interest-sensitive and ordinary life insurance. For more than 40 years, LIICA Agency has focused on creating value for individuals, families and businesses by providing personalized insurance and financial products, resources and services. Through its agency-building system, LIICA Agency has carried outs its mission by providing its more than 2,200 sales representatives with quality products, technology tools, and high levels of home office training and support.
During the past few years, the Independent Producer Group has seen tremendous growth in both recruiting and sales. This unit, which is focused on developing relationships with independent marketing organizations and managing general agents throughout the United States, has grown to nearly 13,000 appointed representatives.
Intersecurities, Inc. (ISI) is a fully licensed, independent broker-dealer and registered investment advisor. ISIs 2,500 registered representatives are focused on helping clients meet their investment objectives through an array of financial products, including mutual funds, fixed and variable life insurance, annuities, and securities. ISI is positioning itself for growth by building an internal wholesaling unit for life products within already existing channels and leveraging the wholesaling expertise of its affiliate, Transamerica Capital, Inc., for variable products.
Other distribution groups include National Bond & Trust Company, a licensed US Savings Bond issuing agent for the US Treasury Department, has provided access to the payroll deduction market. Zahorik Company, a registered broker-dealer based in Pasadena, California, specializes in retirement planning, deferred compensation programs and insurance and employee benefit programs for corporate and non-profit organizations. The NOL distribution group provides final expense coverage to the senior market.
Transamerica Insurance & Investment Group (TIIG) distributes term, universal life, fixed and variable life insurance; fixed and variable annuities; and other products to its targeted niche market of older, affluent customers. TIIG maintains a unique relationship with its primary distribution channel, the General Agencies. This wholesale distribution system connects TIIG with over 45,000 licensed and active producers. Sales of TIIGs variable products are supported by a network of broker-dealers, including the broker-dealer channel, which includes Transamerica Financial Advisors, Inc., an affiliated broker-dealer with 950 representatives. TIIG currently has a National Accounts initiative underway for its fixed and variable products, focusing on establishing and maintaining business relationships with key national accounts and driving marketing programs aimed at increasing production from sales representatives. TIIG Distributors have been formed to penetrate this market and is made up of general agencies, with wholesalers dedicated to serving this channel with Transamericas programs and products.
World Financial Group (WFG) targets the middle-income market, selling variable universal life insurance, variable annuities and mutual funds. WFG was formed in June 2001 by purchasing the distribution assets, including contractual arrangements with distribution channels, of former partner World Marketing Alliance, Inc. WFG affords its more than 50,000 associates, (8,500 of whom are securities registered with World Group Securities, Inc., a registered broker-dealer), the opportunity to build financial services and insurance businesses
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on their own terms. Through its alignment with many of the most respected product provider companies, including Western Reserve Life Assurance Co. of Ohio, WFGs associates work with individual clients to create a program of products that meet their financial goals.
Monumental Division targets the underserved, lower and middle-income markets, selling individual life and supplemental health insurance through three distinct distribution systems: Career Agency, PreNeed and Military. Approximately 2,600 career agents and 170 field leadership teams in 22 states reflect the diversity found in the communities they serve. The PreNeed unit sells life insurance products through funeral directors and their agents to prefund funerals. In the Military unit, former military officers market life insurance and retirement savings products to commissioned and non-commissioned officers based in the United States and abroad.
The Long Term Care Division provides insurance products designed to meet the long-term health care needs of consumers during retirement. Long-term care insurance products provide coverage primarily for care services provided at home, in an assisted living facility or in a nursing home. This division has been active in the market since the late 1980s and with the integration of the Transamerica Long Term Care operations, it is now among the top six US providers of long-term care insurance products (Life Plan 2002 annual survey of Long Term Care Insurers). Products are sold directly through independent brokerage agents, captive/career agents and general agents. The division continues to develop new and existing relationships with employers, financial institutions, teacher associations and other entities where a third-party endorsement is valuable. The division has also expanded into web-based direct sales.
Direct Marketing Services Group
AEGON Direct Marketing Services (ADMS) is focused on customers that might not be reached by AEGON USAs other distribution channels, or might prefer to buy insurance products directly and not through an agent or intermediary. ADMS has developed to a highly targeted approach using sophisticated database technology to increase its ability to develop niche markets and design products positioned to meet specific customers needs. Customers can purchase an extensive portfolio of products through direct mail, point-of-service, the Internet and telemarketing. Products are also marketed using the endorsement of sponsoring organizations such as financial institutions, auto dealers and various membership associations. Although the direct delivery insurance market is a relatively small and mature sector, ADMS produces very strong earnings and returns, primarily through an expense-efficient infrastructure and successful integration of two significant acquisitions (Providians direct marketing operations in 1997 and the J.C. Penney direct marketing operations in 2001) that reduced redundancies and leveraged complementary strengths. The unit counterbalances AEGON USAs interest-sensitive business and can potentially complement the Agency Group with sales leads.
Financial Markets Group
AEGON USAs Financial Markets Group (FMG) consists of Transamerica Financial Institutions, Transamerica Capital, Transamerica Investment Management, LLC, Advisor Resources, Extraordinary Markets and Transamerica Worksite Marketing.
Transamerica Financial Institutions (TFI) works in partnership with many of the largest banks in the United States to market fixed and variable annuities and life insurance through the banking channel. TFI was an early entrant into the bank-sold annuity market and now ranks as the number two producer of annuities sold through banks (Kehrer Report, YTD 2002 rankings). Recent product focus has been on the 50 years and older segment and proprietary bank annuities, whereby AEGON USA develops an annuity specifically branded for the individual financial institution and the financial institution earns fee income from the marketing and investment management functions. Transamerica Capital (TCI) serves as the wholesale marketing and sales arm to the competitive brokerage firm distribution channel. TCI works directly with leading New York wirehouse firms, regional and independent broker-dealers and independent financial planners to help them market, promote and sell mutual fund and variable annuity products to their clients. Transamerica Investment Management is a
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registered investment advisor and provides investment management services to mutual funds, institutional accounts, pension funds, variable annuity and variable life insurance separate accounts.
Extraordinary Markets offers fixed and variable life insurance products to the bank and corporate-owned life insurance market through top-level independent brokers. Extraordinary Markets specialized team of product development, financial, actuarial and investment professionals has helped some of the worlds leading financial institutions and corporations fund employee and executive benefit and compensation programs through innovative insurance and investment solutions. The market is approached opportunistically and thus sales results can vary dramatically from year to year.
Transamerica Worksite Marketing offers a wide range of voluntary, payroll deduction life and supplemental health insurance products for groups ranging in size from as few as five employees to more than 150,000 employees. Products marketed to employees at their workplace are designed to supplement benefit plans that they may already have, both through their employers and on their own.
Institutional Products and Services Group
The Institutional Products and Services Group includes AEGON Institutional Markets Division, Structured Settlements and AEGON USA Investment Management, LLC.
AEGON Institutional Markets Division (IMD) is the combined institutional asset accumulation operation of Commonwealth General and institutional markets operation of Transamerica. IMD is well positioned and long established in the competitive and mature institutional retirement and savings products market. IMD entered the GIC market with a distinctive floating-rate GIC and has expanded into traditional fixed-rate GICs, funding agreements and fee-based businesses like synthetic GICs, in which IMD is the largest insurance company issuer (source: reports of LIMRA International). While new entrants in this market have increased competition and margin compression, IMD has been able to enhance its leadership position (source: LIMRA International, U.S. Institutional Pension Sales and Assets (2002)) through product customization, strong service capabilities and profitable pricing. IMDs skills in product development, distribution and investment and risk management have resulted in a diversified customer and market base and multi-channel distribution.
The Structured Settlements division develops immediate annuity and structured annuity products that provide a stream of tax-free payments tailored to the needs of personal injury victims and their families. These annuities are issued in settlement of lawsuits and workers compensation claims. Ratings, financial strength, service and property/casualty-approved lists are key to the structured settlements market.
AEGON USA Investment Management, LLC provides investment management and reporting services for over 96% of the investment assets of AEGON USA and its insurance company subsidiaries. Assets supporting each major product group are managed as a separate portfolio, each with its own investment policy tailored to the respective liability. Liability characteristics that are considered when forming the investment policy include interest rate sensitivity, optionality and liquidity needs. The match between assets and liabilities is monitored at both the product portfolio level and the aggregate level.
Pension and Reinsurance Group
The Pension and Reinsurance Group includes Diversified Investment Advisors, Transamerica Retirement Services and Transamerica Reinsurance.
Diversified Investment Advisor (DIA) includes the annuity and pension operations purchased from Mutual Life Insurance Company of New York in 1993. DIA markets pension and retirement plans through its own specialist field force, focusing on mid-size to large plans in the defined contribution market, the not-for-profit and government markets and the investment advisory market. For competitive advantages in these markets, DIA
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focuses on participant education and its proprietary products, utilizing sub-advisors in an oversight role. DIA has used technology initiatives to provided 24/7 access to plan and account information through Diversified Direct Online and speech recognition capabilities at call centers.
Transamerica Retirement Services uses independent agents to market small 401(k) business, profit sharing, money purchase and defined benefit plans. The operation targets employers with 300 to 4,000 employees and outsources record keeping.
Transamerica Reinsurance is among the top professional life reinsurers, ranking fourth in life reinsurance in-force and fifth in assumed new business (source: Munich Re report on U.S. life reinsurers). Transamerica Reinsurance continues to advance international efforts, with a primary focus on South American and Asian markets, and provides various product development, risk management, term insurance wholesaling and asset/liability management consulting services to its reinsurance clients. The focus on large, primary insurance carriers aides in controlling expenses through economies of scale. Transamerica Reinsurance writes reinsurance directly with its ceding companies rather than through brokers. This direct relationship produces an expense advantage and a more complete understanding of risks while contributing to more favorable underwriting results and deeper, longer-lasting client relationships. In todays highly competitive reinsurance environment, Transamerica Reinsurance distinguishes itself through its consultation services. Foreign offices have been established in Taipei (Taiwan), Seoul (Korea) and Santiago (Chile). A web-based distribution capability for private label business needs and an Irish reinsurance facility were established in 2001. An offshore affiliate, Transamerica International Re, is located in Bermuda.
Asset Liability Management
AEGONs US subsidiaries are subject to regulation under the laws of the states in which they are domiciled. Each states law prescribes the nature, quality and percentage of various types of investments that may be made by the subsidiaries. Such laws generally permit investments in qualified state, municipal and federal government obligations, corporate debt, preferred and common stock, real estate and real estate mortgages for less than the value of the mortgaged property.
The key investment strategy for traditional insurance-linked portfolios is asset liability management, whereby high-quality investment assets are matched in an optimal way to the corresponding insurance liability, taking into account currency, yield and maturity characteristics as well as asset diversification and quality considerations on the one hand and the policyholders guaranteed or reasonably expected excess interest sharing on the other hand. Investment-grade fixed income securities are the main vehicle for asset liability management and AEGON USAs investment personnel are highly skilled and experienced in these investments. However, the fastest growing portion of AEGON USAs investment portfolio is money managed for the account of third parties, where the clients performance objectives frequently call for higher risk, higher return investment strategies.
The AEGON USA companies manage their asset liability management process through the work of several committees. These committees review strategies, define risk measures, define and review asset liability management studies, examine risk hedging techniques, including the use of derivatives, and analyze the potential use of new asset classes. Cash flow testing analysis is performed using computer simulations, which model assets, and liabilities under stochastically projected interest rate scenarios and commonly used stress-test interest rate scenarios. Based on the results of these computer simulations, the investment portfolio is structured to maintain a desired investment spread between the yield on the portfolio assets and the rate credited on the policy liabilities. Interest rate scenario testing is a continual process and the analysis of the expected values and variability for three critical risk measures (cash flows, present value of profits and interest rate spreads) forms the foundation for modifying investment strategies, adjusting asset duration and mix and exploring hedging opportunities. On the liability side, AEGON USA has some offsetting risks: some liabilities perform better in
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rising rate environments while others perform well in a falling rate environment. On the asset side, hedging instruments are continuously studied to determine if their cost is commensurate to the risk reduction they offer.
Reinsurance
Ceded Reinsurance
In accordance with industry practices, AEGON USA reinsures portions of its life insurance exposure with unaffiliated insurance companies under traditional indemnity reinsurance arrangements. Such reinsurance arrangements are in accordance with standard reinsurance practices within the industry. AEGON USA enters into these arrangements to assist in diversifying its risks and to limit the maximum loss on risks that exceed policy retention limits. The maximum retention limit on any one life is generally USD 500,000 with certain companies retaining up to USD 2,000,000. AEGON USA remains contingently liable with respect to the amounts ceded if the reinsurer fails to meet the obligations it assumed. AEGON USA annually monitors the creditworthiness of its primary reinsurers, and has experienced no material reinsurance recoverability problems in recent years.
Assumed Reinsurance
The Transamerica Reinsurance Division through the Transamerica life companies has solicited life reinsurance from other companies for many years. Reinsurance is written on a facultative basis or an automatic treaty basis. Facultative reinsurance is individually underwritten by the reinsurer for each policy to be reinsured. Factors taken into account in underwriting facultative reinsurance are medical history, impairments, employment, hobbies and financial information. An automatic reinsurance treaty provides that risks will be ceded on specified blocks of business where the underlying policies meet the ceding companys underwriting criteria. In contrast to facultative reinsurance, the reinsurer does not approve each individual risk. Automatic reinsurance treaties generally provide that the reinsurer will be liable for a portion of the risk associated with specified policies written by the ceding company. Factors considered in underwriting automatic reinsurance are the products underwriting, pricing, distribution and optionality, as well as the ceding companys retention and financial strength.
Competition
AEGON USA faces significant competition in all of its businesses. Its competitors include other large and highly rated insurance carriers, as well as certain banks, securities brokerage firms, investment advisors and other financial intermediaries marketing insurance products, annuities and mutual funds. Some of these competitors have greater financial strength and resources and have penetrated more markets. Many of AEGON USAs competitors in the mutual fund industry are larger, have been established for a longer period of time, offer less expensive products, have deeper penetration in key distribution channels and have more resources than AEGON USA.
The congress passed legislation in 2001 that provided for reductions in the estate tax and the possibility of permanent repeal continues to be discussed which could have an impact on insurance products and sales in the U.S.
The Financial Services Modernization Act was passed in November 1999. It repeals the Glass-Steagall Act of 1933 and expands the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, allowing cross-ownership by banks, securities firms and insurance companies. As a result, there have been and in the future may be additional business combinations among banks, securities firms and insurance companies. For additional information, see Regulation below.
In the institutional product market, AEGON USAs competitors include insurance companies, domestic and foreign banks and institutional investment advisors. AEGON USAs ability to compete in this market depends on maintaining superior or excellent financial ratings and combining investment management expertise with flexible product design and competitive pricing.
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Regulation
AEGONs US insurance subsidiaries are subject to regulation and supervision in the states in which they transact business. Supervisory agencies in the various states have broad powers to grant or revoke licenses to transact business, regulate trade and marketing practices, license agents, approve policy forms and certain premium rates, set reserve and capital requirements, determine the form and content of required financial reports, examine the insurance companies and prescribe the type and amount of investments permitted. Insurance companies are subject to a mandatory audit every three to five years by the regulatory authorities and every year by their independent auditors. Substantial liability has been incurred by insurance companies based upon their past sales and marketing practices. AEGON has focused and continues to focus on these compliance issues.
The National Association of Insurance Commissioners adopted, in December 1992, the Risk Based Capital for Life and/or Health Insurers Model Act (the Model Act), which was designed to identify inadequately capitalized life and health insurers. The Model Act provides for various actions, should an insurers Adjusted Capital, based upon statutory accounting principles, fall below certain prescribed levels (defined in terms of its Risk Based Capital). The Adjusted Capital levels of AEGONs US insurance subsidiaries currently exceed all of the regulatory action levels as defined by the Model Act. Adjustments of adjusted capital levels by the regulators can impact AEGON.
The Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (the Act), which was passed into law in November 1999, permits financial services companies, such as banks, insurers and securities firms, to affiliate. The Act, however, restricts the ability of these financial services companies in the United States to use and share consumer and customers non-public personal information with non-affiliated third parties. Specifically, financial services companies must disclose their privacy policies to customers and permit these individuals to prohibit disclosure of their non-public personal information to third parties. However, exceptions to such restrictions on the use and disclosure of information do currently exist for certain marketing activities and business functions such as servicing and underwriting of products. States are required to implement the Acts provisions with respect to insurers and are also permitted to impose stricter privacy standards. These privacy standards are in addition to existing privacy laws to which insurers are subject. Various proposed Federal, state or local laws if passed, may further restrict the use of customer information and impact sales.
Insurance holding company statutes and the regulations of each insurers domiciliary state in the United States require periodic disclosure concerning each insurance companys ultimate controlling person (i.e., the corporation or individual which controls the domiciled insurer in each state). Such statutes also impose various limitations on investments in affiliates and may require prior approval of the payment of certain dividends by the registered insurer to AEGON or certain of its affiliates. AEGON is subject, by virtue of its ownership of insurance companies, to certain of these statutes and regulations. Since AEGONs primary source of income is dividends from its insurance company subsidiaries, its ability to meet its obligations and pay dividends to its shareholders may be affected by any such required approval.
Some of AEGON USAs investment advisory activities are subject to federal and state securities laws and regulations. AEGON USAs mutual funds are registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the Securities Act), and the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the Investment Company Act). With the exception of its investment accounts which fund private placement investment options that are exempt from registration, or support fixed rate investment options that are also exempt from registration, all of AEGON USAs separate investment accounts that fund retail variable annuity contracts and retail variable life insurance products issued by us are registered both under the Securities Act and the Investment Company Act. Institutional products such as group annuity contracts, guaranteed investment contracts and funding agreements are sold to tax qualified pension plans or are sold to other sophisticated investors as private placements and are exempt from registration under both acts. Some of AEGON USAs subsidiaries are registered as broker-dealers under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the Securities Exchange Act), and with the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. A number of AEGON USAs subsidiaries are also registered as
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investment advisers under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940. AEGON USAs insurance companies or other subsidiaries also own or manage other investment vehicles that are exempt from registration under the Securities Act and the Investment Company Act but may be subject to other requirements of those laws, such as antifraud provisions and the terms of applicable exemptions.
AEGON Canada
General History
AEGON Canada Inc. (ACI) is the holding company for AEGONs Canadian operations. Through its subsidiary companies, ACI operates multiple insurance, financial services, investment portfolio management and fund management businesses and provides wealth management solutions. Operations are divided into five business segments:
| life insurance; |
| segregated funds; |
| retail mutual funds; |
| mutual fund dealership services; and |
| investment portfolio management and counselling services. |
The primary operating companies that comprise ACI are:
| Transamerica Life Canada; |
| Money Concepts (Canada) Limited; |
| AEGON Dealer Services Inc.; |
| AEGON Capital Management Inc.; and |
| AEGON Fund Management Inc. |
ACI is a Canadian corporation that maintains its principal offices at 300 Consilium Place, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Total employment of AEGON Canada as at December 31, 2002, was 856.
Transamerica Life Canada (TLC) offers term and tax-sheltered universal life insurance, segregated funds, guaranteed interest accounts and annuities. In a recent survey of 20 major Canadian Life Insurers TLC is ranked second in sales of individual life insurance (source: LIMRA International, Canadian Individual Life Insurance Sales, Year to Date Fourth Quarter 2002 results. Based on annualized paid premiums). As at December 31, 2002, TLC also ranks among the top four companies for segregated fund assets under management (source: Investor Economics, 2003 Annual Industry Review, Market Share of 20 Largest Individual Segregated Fund Insuring Companies.). Money Concepts (Canada) Limited (MCC) is an independent Canadian financial planning company with an association of franchised planning centers, offering a diverse spectrum of planning, products and services to investors. AEGON Dealer Services Inc. (ADSCI) provides advisors and distributors with mutual fund and segregated fund dealership capability to the benefit of the MCC franchises and representatives, as well as to TLCs and AEGON Fund Management Inc. (AFM)s advisors across Canada. AEGON Capital Management Inc. (ACM) was created in November 2001 through the spin off of the investment management division of TLC. ACMs mandate is to develop products and services for the institutional, high net-worth individual, pension and retail markets. AFM is the mutual fund subsidiary of ACI, offering the imaxx brand of mutual funds to Canadian investors seeking customized portfolio solutions, as well as core fund portfolios featuring select investment managers from around the world.
Recent Developments and Capital Expenditures and Divestments
In April 2000, ACI acquired NN Life Insurance Company of Canada (NN Life). NN Lifes products were complementary to those of Transamerica Life Canada.
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Key priorities for 2003
For 2003, the diversification of AEGON Canadas distribution channels will be a key priority. AEGON Canada will continue to emphasize advise-based independent advisor distribution while aggressively expanding into other channels through strategic alliances and acquisitions.
Products and Distribution
Investment Products
Approximately one-third of AEGON Canadas profits are derived from its individual investment products, which currently include segregated funds, mutual funds, segregated funds offered through strategic alliances with investment management companies, guaranteed investment accounts, single premium annuities and a leverage- lending program. The imaxxFunds range of mutual funds is offered by AFM. TLC offers all of AEGON Canadas other investment products.
Segregated Funds. The sale of segregated funds continues to be the key focus of TLCs investment products unit. The Transamerica Investment Portfolio offers a wide selection of segregated funds with diverse risk/reward factors similar to mutual funds except that deposits are guaranteed at maturity and at death.
The fee revenue related to segregated funds is tied to the market values of the assets under management and, consequently, this portion of AEGON Canadas earnings varies with market volatility. The initial guarantee period is 10 years, however the period may be re-set at the clients option. Management expense ratios are not guaranteed and can be increased at TLCs discretion. A small portion of the portfolio is reinsured.
Transamerica Investment Portfolio funds, along with AEGON Canadas segregated fund alliances with three of Canadas top mutual fund companies, AIC Limited, CI Funds and TD Asset Management Inc., make up TLCs comprehensive offering of 128 segregated funds in the Canadian market.
The segregated fund marketplace experienced significant growth over the 1990s. However, in 2001 volatile equity markets, combined with new regulatory capital requirements that resulted in price increases and a significant scaling back of features, slowed the growth dramatically. The poor equity markets of 2002 have further reduced the market for segregated funds.
Mutual Funds. AEGON Canada launched AFM, along with the imaxx brand in June 2002. imaxx is a comprehensive wealth management solution for Canadian advisors, incorporating investment processes, tools and training. At the core of imaxx lies the imaxxFunds family of fifteen income and equity mutual funds.
Life Insurance Products
The Life Products business unit of TLC provides life insurance products for individuals and businesses across Canada. The portfolio includes universal life and traditional life insurance, predominately term life and permanent life insurance.
Universal Life. TLCs universal life insurance products combine life insurance protection with a variety of investment options. Canadian income tax law allows funds to grow within the universal life plan on a tax-deferred basis. The premiums are allocated to a set of different investment options that are selected by the policy owner. Many of these investment options are currently tied to equity market indices such as S&P 500. Some of the investment choices are the same as those offered in the Transamerica Investment Portfolio variable annuity contracts. In addition, TLCs universal life products offer fixed rate interest options with a guaranteed minimum return. Investment risk is borne by the customer on all but the fixed rate interest options; no minimum guaranteed return is available for investment options that tie to the equity and bond indices. TLC charges fees for mortality costs and administrative expenses, as well as investment management fees.
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TLCs universal life products also offer a full complement of term life insurance riders and optional benefits. These include Accidental Death and Dismemberment, Business Guaranteed Insurability Option, Childrens Insurance Rider, Waiver and Payor Waiver.
Profitability is driven by mortality margins, reinsurance, investment margins (spreads and fees), the general level of interest rates, expenses and surrender charges. Mortality margins represent the difference between amounts charged the customer to cover the mortality risk and the death benefits paid. Another important source of earnings from life insurance contracts is investment margins and the earning of the underlying general assets versus what is credited to the policy owner.
The Canadian universal life market has been experiencing significant growth over the past ten years, gradually replacing the whole life insurance market. Until the mid-1990s, most Canadian universal life plans focused on insurance protection. As universal life plan design evolved throughout the years, the focus shifted to tax-deferred accumulation and included product features specifically for this purpose.
In November 2001, TLC introduced two universal life plans to appeal to the two primary universal life insurance markets: the accumulation and insurance protection markets.
TLCs core market has been universal life insurance that is primarily used as an investment vehicle for tax-deferred accumulation. TLCs WealthAdvantage universal life plan is designed for this market and is also attractive for businesses. It combines many of the features previously developed by Transamerica and NN Life, along with several other innovative product features.
TLCs EstateAdvantage universal life plan is designed for estate preservation purposes and also provides life insurance protection for families and businesses.
Currently the split of business is about 60% WealthAdvantage and 40% EstateAdvantage.
Term Insurance. In the survey of 20 major Canadian Life Insurers TLC is ranked second in term insurance sales with a 13.6% market share, securing its position as a dominant player in the Canadian term insurance market (source: LIMRA International, Canadian Individual Life Insurance Sales, Year to Date Fourth Quarter 2002 results. Based on annualized paid premium).
TLCs TermSelect product has been particularly strong in the family and business insurance markets due its wide range of coverage options and the flexibility to make future changes and enhancements. It provides renewable and convertible term insurance protection with a choice of five-, ten-, or twenty-year term periods. One of the more unique features is the ability for policyholders to convert, at any time, to TLCs universal life products, WealthAdvantage and EstateAdvantage.
TLC closely monitors sales against its competitors, tracking volumes of business and growth as well as market share, average face amount and average premiums. In 2002, TLCs average universal life premium was CAD 4,938, as compared to the average of the 20 companies that participated in a recent survey, which was CAD 2,627 (source: LIMRA International, Canadian Individual Life Insurance Sales, Year to Date Fourth Quarter 2002 results. Based on annualized paid premium divided by number of new policies issued). TLCs average universal life face amount was CAD 363,900, in comparison with an amount of CAD 189,978, which was the average for the same 20 companies surveyed above (source: LIMRA International, Canadian Individual Life Insurance Sales, Year to Date Fourth Quarter 2002 results. Based on face amounts issued divided by number of new policies issued).
ACIs principle means of distribution include a number of networks that are almost exclusively supported by independent advisors. The key channels of distribution are:
| independent managing general agencies (predominantly insurance-based with a wide ranging number of contracted producers and with multiple carrier capacity); |
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| TLC owned and operated Profit Center Agencies (traditional brokerage operations with 200 to 600 non-housed independent insurance/segregated funds brokers); |
| bank-owned national broker-dealers (six large key accounts with tied investment advisors predominantly investment focused, but with rapidly expanding insurance); |
| World Financial Group/AEGON USA-owned or operated multi-level marketing group of wealth management advisor networks that have only recently started to aggressively grow in the Canadian marketplace and are now evolving into a more direct producer model for ACI products and services; and |
| other national, regional and local/niche broker-dealers of various sizes and level of complexity. |
ACIs total advisor network consists of approximately 36,000 open advisor accounts, of which approximately 18,000 have been active with the company in terms of sales in the last 12 to 18 months.
Asset Liability Management
TLC manages its investments in accordance with an investment policy approved by the Investment Committee of its Board of Directors. TLC monitors duration and cash flow matching positions, asset-liability management risk in products, interest rate risk, credit risk, equity risk, derivative risk and liquidity risk through various reports which are reviewed by an asset liability management committee which has representation from various departments within TLC. The committee also examines the risk/return ratio of various investments, develops and monitors various asset liability management policies and monitors regulatory capital requirements. TLC actively manages the credit risk in its portfolios on a daily basis. More than one quarter of TLCs total bond portfolio backs its Term to 100 life insurance product. The Term to 100 portfolio has very little corporate risk and is comprised primarily of provincial strip bonds and residuals.
TLC uses various derivative financial instruments to manage and reduce its exposure to fluctuations in risk, including interest rate, foreign exchange rate, equity and liquidity risk, as part of an asset-liability management program.
TLC mitigates counterparty credit risk arising from derivative activities by limiting exposure to any single counterparty. TLCs policy requires a minimum counterparty credit rating and sets out limits per transaction and credit exposure to a single counterparty.
Certain universal life insurance policies issued by TLC allow policyholders to select an interest-credited rate that is tied to the movement of certain stock exchange indices. TLC uses a swaps and a futures/cash investment strategy to earn a return sufficient to cover the interest credited based on the movement of these indices.
Reinsurance
TLC manages its reinsurance in accordance with a reinsurance policy approved by its Audit Committee of the Board of Directors. TLC uses reinsurance to manage mortality, morbidity and lapse risk. The Canadian reinsurance market has been very competitive over the last few years and TLC has entered into reinsurance on in force business when it makes economic sense to do so. The various reinsurance arrangements are primarily yearly renewal term, along with some funds withheld and modified coinsurance arrangements. These arrangements allow TLC to maintain the assets of and to utilize the expertise within ACM.
TLC limits the amount of loss on any one life, and on certain levels of risk in various areas of exposure, by reinsuring these risks with other insurers. The maximum life insurance exposure retained on any one individual is CAD 1.25 million.
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Competition
Consolidation in the Canadian life insurance industry continues at a rapid rate. In most individual life product categories, the top 10 life insurance companies control in excess of 90% of the Canadian market (source: LIMRA International, Canadian Individual Life Insurance Sales, Year to Date Fourth Quarter 2002 results). Transamerica Life Canada is well positioned in the universal life market, with the number two position and a 12.9% market share among the 20 companies that participated in a recent survey, for new first year universal life annualized premiums (source: LIMRA International, Canadian Individual Life Insurance Sales, Year to Date Fourth Quarter 2002 results. Based on annualized paid premium). In 2002, many competitors started diversifying their product offerings and entered the growing term insurance market, which increased the number of insurance companies competing in this market. Transamerica Life Canada in 2002 maintained its strong position in the term insurance market with a 13.6% market share and was the second largest writer of term insurance insurance among the 20 companies that participated in a recent survey. (source: LIMRA International, Canadian Individual Life Insurance Sales, Year to Date Fourth Quarter 2002 results. Based on annualized paid premium).
Transamerica Life Canada also continues to be a strong player in the Canadian segregated fund marketplace through its diversified multi-product approach. At December 31, 2002, Transamerica Life Canada was the fourth largest segregated fund insuring company with CAD 4.1 billion in assets under management and market share of 10.6% (source: Investor Economics Insight, 2003 Annual Industry Review, Market Share of 20 Largest Individual Segregated Fund Insuring Companies (2003)).
Regulation
TLC is incorporated under the Canada Business Corporations Act and is regulated by the laws established in the Insurance Companies Act of Canada. In addition, TLC is subject to the laws, regulations and insurance commissions of each of Canadas ten provinces. The laws of these jurisdictions generally establish supervisory agencies with broad administrative powers relative to granting and revoking licenses to transact business, regulating trade practices, licensing agents, establishing reserve requirements, determining permitted investments and establishing minimum levels of capital. TLCs ability to continue to conduct its insurance business is dependent upon the maintenance of its licenses, at both a federal and provincial level. The primary regulator for TLC is the Office of the Superintendent of Financial Institutions. TLC is required under the Insurance Companies Act of Canada to have at least seven directors, 50% of whom must be residents of Canada and not more than two-thirds of whom can be affiliated with TLC.
The life insurance and securities operations of ACI are also governed by policy statements and guidelines established by industry associations such as the Canadian Life & Health Insurance Associations, Mutual Fund Dealers Association and Investment Funds Institute of Canada.
AEGON The Netherlands
General History
AEGON Nederland N.V. (AEGON The Netherlands) was incorporated under the name AGO Holding N.V. on December 27, 1972. AEGON The Netherlands became the holding for all Dutch insurance and banking activities after the merger between Ennia and AGO in 1983 and was renamed AEGON Nederland N.V. in 1986. The history of AEGONs activities in the Netherlands goes back to 1759, when the oldest legal predecessor of the group, the Begrafenisbus De Broederlijke Liefde-beurs, started its activities in Haarlem.
The head office of AEGON The Netherlands is located in The Hague, with additional offices in Leeuwarden, Groningen, Nieuwegein, Utrecht, Amsterdam, Dusseldorf (Germany), Diegem (Belgium) and Milan (Italy).
Total employment of AEGON The Netherlands as at December 31, 2002, was 3,030, including agents.
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The primary operating subsidiaries in the Netherlands are:
| AEGON Levensverzekering N.V., The Hague; |
| AEGON Schadeverzekering N.V., The Hague; |
| AEGON Nabestaanden Zorg N.V., Groningen; |
| AEGON Financiële Diensten B.V., The Hague; |
| AEGON Spaarkas N.V., The Hague; |
| AEGON Bank N.V., Utrecht; and |
| Spaarbeleg Kas N.V., Utrecht. |
AEGON The Netherlands is involved in both life and non-life insurance businesses and provides financial services and asset management. AEGON The Netherlands operating activities are organized into the following business units:
Pensions:
| AEGON Pensioen en Advies; and |
| AEGON Bedrijfspensioenen. |
Life:
| AEGON Particulieren; |
| Spaarbeleg; |
| AEGON Van Nierop; |
| AXENT/AEGON; |
| AEGON Nabestaandenzorg (NBZ); and |
| Moneymaxx. |
Non-Life:
| AEGON Schade Bedrijven; and |
| AEGON Particulieren. |
Asset Management:
| AEGON Asset Management. |
Banking
| Spaarbeleg; |
| AEGON Particulieren (AEGON Financiële DienstenAFD). |
AEGON The Netherlands pension business accounts for approximately 51% of its revenues, life business for approximately 32%, non-life business for approximately 11% and banking for approximately 6%.
Recent Developments and Capital Expenditures and Divestments
On December 23, 2002 AEGON The Netherlands acquired TPG KPN Pensioen B.V. (TKP Pensioen), an administrator of pension funds, which include approximately 150,000 participants at the end of 2002.
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On July 2, 2002, AEGON Schadeverzekering N.V. reached an agreement for the sale of its glasshouse insurance activities to Achmea.
Nederlandsche Verzekerings Groep (N.V.G.) was transformed into AEGON Nabestaandenzorg N.V in 2002 to manage all funeral-related insurance business, which previously was spread over various business units. All life products previously managed by N.V.G. were transferred to AEGON Levensverzekering N.V. and AEGON Spaarkas N.V.
On February 29, 2000, AMVEST Vastgoed B.V., a 50%-50% joint venture of AEGON The Netherlands and PGGM (one of the largest pension funds in The Netherlands), reached an agreement with Rodamco Continental Europe N.V. regarding the sale of office buildings and shopping centers.
To help minimize distribution bottlenecks and reduce costs, the organization of Van Nierop Assuradeuren was merged with the AEGON Vermogensperspectief business unit and renamed AEGON Van Nierop, serving high worth individuals. AEGON Van Nierops distribution was streamlined and the unit is positioned to benefit from future opportunities for further growth.
Key Priorities for 2003
Without losing sight of the strategic commitment to local responsibility or to proven business principles, such as reliability, teamwork and responsiveness, AEGON The Netherlands will continue during 2003 to modernize and enhance links with distribution channels and consolidate brand perception and back offices, while focusing partnering both inside and outside the organization as the key to strengthening and speeding business flow.
Products and Distribution
AEGON The Netherlands offers five product lines:
| pensions; |
| life insurance; |
| Moneymaxx; |
| non-life insurance; and |
| banking. |
Pensions
Pension products are sold by the AEGON Pensioen en Advies and AEGON Bedrijfspensioenen business units.
AEGON Pensioen en Advies services large companies as well as company pension funds (ondernemingspensioenfondsen) and industry pension funds (bedrijfstakpensioenfondsen). Its main products are:
| products for the account of policyholders with guarantees (GB garantiecontract); |
| products for the account of policyholders without guarantees (GB kapitaalcontract); |
| MKB growth pensions (MKB groei pensioen); |
| MKB guarantee pensions (MKB garantie pensioen); |
| the AEGON pension package (defined contribution); and |
| the AEGON Garantie Pensioen. |
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GB garantiecontract and GB kapitaalcontract are defined benefit products with both single and recurring premiums and a disability rider. Profit sharing is based on the return of a pool of investments. Large group contracts also share technical results (mortality risk and disability risk). The assets are owned by AEGON Levensverzekering N.V. but earmarked to form the basis for profit sharing for these contracts. The contract period is typically five years and the premiums tariffs are fixed over this period. GB kapitaalcontract products are only sold to company pension funds (ondernemingspensioenfondsen) and AEGON Levensverzekering N.V. has the option not to renew a contract at the end of the contract period, so that the longevity risk lies with the pension fund. GB garantiecontract provide a guarantee on the benefits paid. The longevity risk therefore lies with AEGON Levensverzekering N.V.
AEGON Garantie Pensioen and MKB garantie pensioen are also defined benefit products with single and recurring premiums. The initial contract period is ten years, with renewals for five-year periods. Profit sharing is based on excess interest earned on the general account investment portfolio. Premiums tariffs are fixed over the contract period and the longevity risk lies with AEGON Levensverzekering N.V. Minimum interest guarantees are given for nominal benefits, based on the 3% or 4% actuarial interest, after retirement of the employee.
AEGON The Netherlands expects that the trend in the Dutch pension market will shift from defined benefit plans to defined contribution plans. Consequently, AEGON Levensverzekering N.V. introduced two new products in 2002 to accommodate this change in the market: the AEGON PensioenBeleggingsplan (Pension Investment Plan) and the Pensioenversneller (Pension Accelerator).
Pensioen en Advies does not sell products through intermediaries but rather directly to clients. AEGON Bedrijfspensioenen sells pensions to small and medium sized companies through intermediaries.
In 2002, AEGON Levensverzekering N.V. entered into an agreement with the TotalFina oil company to create a loyalty program for truck drivers who can earn supplementary pension plan contributions by refuelling at TotalFina stations.
Life Insurance
AEGON Particulieren principally sells standard financial products in bulk. Its most important products are discussed below.
The Fund Plan and Save Plan Products. These products are mainly endowment and saving type products, both single premium and recurring premiums with profit sharing based on the selected fund performance. A client may choose to invest in a wide variety of AEGON funds. For investments in the mix fund and/or in the fixed income fund, AEGON Levensverzekering N.V. has issued a guarantee of 3% (4% on policies sold before the end of 1999), at the maturity date if the policyholder has paid the premium for a consecutive period of at least ten years, or on the death of the insured.
Endowment and Saving Products. These types of products have recurring premiums with contractual surplus interest profit sharing.
Mortgage Saving Products. The insured typically takes out a mortgage loan from AEGON Levensverzekering N.V. for a period of twenty or thirty years. The loan is repaid in full at the redemption date with the proceeds from a saving policy. In principle, in case of surrender, the policyholder loses the tax benefit. Upon the death of the policyholder within the policy contract period, the benefit payment is used to repay the mortgage loan. The interest paid on the loan is tax deductible and the customer retains the full income tax benefit over the contract period as there is no early redemption. The interest paid on the mortgage loan usually equals the interest accumulated on the account balance under the savings policy. To benefit from the growth in the mortgage market, AEGON Levensverzekering N.V. has introduced a new mortgage investment product. This product is based on the same principles as the original mortgage saving products, except that the client can
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choose the funds in which to invest the saving premiums. The ultimate amount available at the maturity date will therefore vary depending on the performances of the underlying funds.
Spaarbeleg Kas N.V. and AEGON Spaarkas N.V. sell Spaarbeurs products, which are life products with both single and recurring premiums and profit sharing based on a tontine system. The main characteristic of a tontine product is that the short life risk lies with the issuer and the longevity risk lies with the insured. Spaarbeleg Kas N.V. is the market leader in this business segment in The Netherlands (source: Pensioen en VerzekeringskamerAM Jaarboek, Kluwer edition 2002/2003, Minder geld in spaarkassen). In addition to the tontine products, Spaarbeleg Kas N.V. sells a number of tax driven products like Toekomstplan and Koersplan and has provided intermediaries in 2002 with better access to products and services in order to meet consumers requirements with respect to pension issues. Spaarbeleg Kas N.V. is based in Nieuwegein and has a branch office in Diegem Belgium. Products are sold through a number of intermediaries and by direct marketing.
AEGON Van Nierop was formed in 2002 following the merger between the business unit VermogensPerpectief and the organisation Van Nierop Assuradeuren. AEGON Van Nierop caters to the high income and high net-worth segment of the market. Customers are served directly or through a network of high-quality intermediaries. AEGON Van Nierops products relate to capital accumulation, capital protection, capital consumption and estate planning and are customized to this specific segment.
AXENT/AEGON transferred its group life business to the Pensions business unit, the funeral business to NBZ and the administration of its life and savings portfolio to AEGON Particulieren. AXENT/AEGON now acts as a selling unit, selling products which have been developed by other units in AEGON The Netherlands.
Following the merger of the funeral insurance portfolios of N.V.G., AEGON Particulieren and the AXENT/AEGON subsidiary LPU Verzekeringen N.V. in 2002 into NBZ, NBZ now manages more than two million policies in this market, placing it among the top three (source: Pensioen en VerzekeringskamerAM Jaarboek, Kluwer edition 2002/2003, Brutopremie-inkomen Funeral insurance portfolios) providers of funeral insurance in the Netherlands. The four aspects of this product portfolio are funeral, income protection, inheritance and related services. Further growth potential in this market is achievable by introducing new distribution methods and new products that enable clients to ensure their familys financial situation in the event of their deaths. NBZ seeks to distinguish itself from its competitors through a broad approach to financial care for surviving relatives and accessible estate planning.
Moneymaxx
Moneymaxx products are simple saving and insurance unit-linked types of products designed for the mass market. In 2002, AEGON The Netherlands decided to incorporate the Moneymaxx activities in existing local AEGON units, unless the activities were large enough to operate independently. AEGON Lebensversicherung-AG in Germany and AEGON Belgium continue to operate independently. Moneymaxx products were initially sold via direct marketing only. However, distribution via intermediaries is becoming increasingly important. In Italy, AEGON The Netherlands decided to cease offering Moneymaxx products as direct sales results failed to meet expectations.
Non-life Products
AEGON Schade (Non-Life Commercial Lines) targets approximately 500,000 small and medium-sized companies with a maximum of 100 employees. AEGON Schades aim is to shift from a focus on business continuity to providing a range of products for the asset and life protection of employers and employees, covering both business capital (property and cash assets) and the risk of employees inability to work.
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Banking
AEGON Bank N.V. supplies saving accounts with simple conditions. The products are sold under the Spaarbeleg name through a multiple channel strategy, with independent brokers and franchise organizations contributing the majority of AEGON Bank N.V. total sales but with internet sales consistently growing.
In addition, AEGON Bank N.V. sells a number of share lease products. AEGON Financiële Diensten B.V. sells share lease products through agents under the AEGON name.
In 2002 it became clear that under existing market conditions short-term equity saving plans or share lease plans were currently not attractive to customers.
During 2002, AEGON Asset Management (AAM) won EUR 1.2 billion of asset management mandates. AAMs approach is to further develop the institutional market by winning asset management customers in cooperation with Pensioen en Advies, while also assisting AEGON The Netherlands retail units in developing banking expertise. In 2002, AAM launched eight mutual funds and plans to expand product development further in order to offer a complete range of funds. AAM is also the asset manager for AEGON The Netherlands insurance subsidiaries.
AEGON The Netherlands has a very simple distribution strategy. All AEGON The Netherlands products are sold through agents. Spaarbeleg Kas N.V., AXENT/AEGON and AEGON Nabestaandenzorg sell branded products under their own names through multiple channels, including direct marketing, specialized agents and tied agents.
Asset Liability Management
The management of the investment portfolio of AEGON The Netherlands is based on the following asset liability management principles. Most liabilities are nominal and long term. Based on their characteristics a long-term, liability-driven benchmark is derived for the fixed income portfolio, based on which scenarios and optimization analyses are conducted with respect to asset classes such as equities, fixed income and real estate, but also for various sub-classes such as private equity, hedge funds and credits. The result is an optimal asset allocation representing different equity risk-return profiles. Constraints like the minimum required return on equity and maximum solvency risk determine alternative strategic investment policies.
The strategic investment strategy for AEGON The Netherlands is determined and monitored by the Investment Committee and the asset allocation for the subsidiaries and business units is determined by the Asset Liability Committee in line with the risk profile determined by the Investment Committee.
Most of AEGON The Netherlands investments are managed in-house by AEGON Asset Management. For certain specialized investments, such as hedge funds, AEGON The Netherlands hires external managers.
Portfolio managers are allowed to deviate from the strategic composition based on their short-term and medium-term investment outlook. Risk based restrictions are in place to monitor and control the actual portfolio compared to the strategic portfolio.
At the end of 2001, AEGON The Netherlands existing asset liability management approach was upgraded. Although the basic principles are the same, in the new concept financial risks are managed and monitored following a more top-down approach. The revised asset liability management concept comprises a coherent set of rules regarding capital allocation, dividend policy and strategic asset allocation for business units, statutory entities and AEGON Netherlands N.V.
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Reinsurance
Life
The life entities have a two-prong reinsurance strategy. The first prong is a profit sharing contract between AEGON Levensverzekering N.V. and Swiss Re with retention of EUR 900,000 per policy. Under the second prong facultative reinsurance of AEGON The Netherlands mortality and morbidity risk lies with a small number of reinsurers of which De Hoop is the most significant.
Non-life
AEGON The Netherlands maintains reinsurance on an excess of loss basis for its fire insurance businesses with a retention of EUR 4.5 million per risk and EUR 13.7 million per event. AEGON The Netherlands motor business is also reinsured on an excess of loss basis.
Competition
Competition in the Dutch insurance market is strong due to a large number of active companies. The top five companies in terms of gross life premium income comprised approximately 65% of the total market in 2001 (source: annual accountsAM Jaarboek, Kluwer edition 2002/2003, Life Insurance Premiums in the Netherlands). In terms of gross life premium income over 2001, AEGON The Netherlands was in the top three. In terms of non-life premium income, AEGON The Netherlands was in to the top ten in 2001 (source: VVP-magazine 2002AM Jaarboek, Kluwer edition 2002/2003, Top-150 Brutopremie Maatschappijen General Insurance Premiums).
Regulation
The regulation and supervision of financial institutions in The Netherlands changed significantly in 2002. As of September 2002, three institutions are responsible for the supervision of financial institutions in The Netherlands:
| Autoriteit Financiële Markten (AFM); |
| De Nederlandsche Bank (DNB); and |
| Pensioen & Verzekeringskamer (PVK). |
The allocation of responsibilities between these three entities is formalised in a convenant. The AFM is responsible for supervising corporate governance and the provision of information to consumers (supervision on market conduct) and the DNB and PVK supervise solvency. More detailed guidance on market conduct supervision is set out in Nadere Regeling gedragstoezicht effectenverkeer 2002 and Nadere Regeling prudentieel toezicht effectenverkeer 2002.
The PVK supervises insurance companies under the mandate of the Wet Toezicht Verzekeringsbedrijf 1993 (WTV). The PVK and DNB have expressed an intention to merge into a single authority for supervising the solvency of financial institutions. The merger is expected to be finalized in early 2005.
The 1992 European Union Insurance Directives were incorporated into Dutch law in 1994. The Directives are based on the home country control principle, pursuant to which an insurance company that has a license issued by a regulatory body in its home country can conduct business, either directly or through a foreign branch, in any member country of the European Union. An insurance company must be licensed to conduct each type of business in which it participates. The regulatory body that originally issued the license is responsible for monitoring the solvency of the insurer.
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Insurance companies in The Netherlands fall under the supervision of the PVK pursuant to the Wet Toezicht Verzekeringsbedrijf 1993 mandate. Under this mandates all life and non-life insurance companies that fall under the PVKs supervision must file audited regulatory reports before July 1 of the year following the end of the reporting year (before May 1, 2004 for bookyear 2003 and after). These reports are primarily designed to enable the PVK to monitor the solvency of the entity involved. They include a consolidated balance sheet, a consolidated income statement, extensive actuarial information and detailed information on investments.
The PVK may request any additional information it considers necessary and conduct an audit at any time. The PVK may also make recommendations for improvements and publish these recommendations if they are not followed. Finally, the PVK can appoint a trustee for an insurance company or, ultimately, withdraw the companys license.
In The Netherlands, the same legal entity cannot conduct both life insurance and non-life insurance businesses. Nor is one legal entity allowed to operate both insurance and banking businesses.
The following Dutch entities in the AEGON Group fall under the supervision of the PVK:
| AEGON Levensverzekering N.V.; |
| AEGON Schadeverzekering N.V.; |
| AEGON Spaarkas N.V.; |
| Spaarbeleg Kas N.V.; |
| AXENT/AEGON Leven N.V.; |
| AEGON Nabestaanden Zorg N.V.; |
| Axent/AEGON Uitvaartverzekeringen N.V.; |
| Axent/AEGON Sparen N.V.; and |
| Axent/AEGON Schade N.V. |
Dutch life insurance companies are required to maintain equity equal to approximately 5% of their general account technical provisions or, if these companies do not provide an interest guarantee, an amount of equity equal to approximately 1% of the technical provisions with investments for the account of policyholders.
General insurance companies are required to maintain shareholders equity equal to the greater of 18% of gross written premiums in the year or 23% of the three-year average of gross claims.
AEGON Bank N.V. falls under the supervision of the DNB, pursuant to the Wet Toezicht Kredietwezen 1992 mandate. The bank must file monthly regulatory reports and an annual report. The annual report and one of the monthly reports must be audited.
AEGON Financiële Diensten N.V. falls under the supervision of both the AFM and the DNB.
United Kingdom
General History
The principal holding company within the AEGON UK plc group of companies is AEGON UK plc (AEGON UK), incorporated as a public limited company under the Companies Act 1985 and having its registered office in England. It is a company limited by shares, incorporated on December 1, 1998, and has its principal place of business at AEGON House, Edinburgh Park, Edinburgh EH12 9XX (telephone 00 44 131 339 9191).
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The primary operating subsidiaries of AEGON UK are:
| Scottish Equitable plc, Scotland; |
| Scottish Equitable (Managed Funds) Limited, Scotland; |
| Guardian Assurance plc, England; |
| Guardian Linked Life Assurance Limited, England; |
| Guardian Pensions Management Limited, England; |
| AEGON Asset Management UK plc, England; |
| AEGON Fund Management UK Ltd, England; |
| Guardian Unit Managers Ltd, England; |
| HS Administrative Services Limited, England; |
| Scottish Equitable International SA, Luxembourg; and |
| Scottish Equitable International (Dublin), Ireland. |
Recent Developments and Capital Expenditures and Divestments
In anticipation of the major changes impacting the UK market, namely regulatory changes and the move to the 1% annual management charges price cap introduced by legislation in the United Kingdom, Scottish Equitable plc has invested GBP 130 million over the last three years in a Business Change Program. The Business Change Program involves new systems, improved processes, web based processing and the creation of a more customer-orientated organization and focuses on delivering improved customer service, lower unit costs, increased controls and improved speed to market.
On November 21, 2002 AEGON UK purchased 60% of Positive Solutions, a National Financial Advisory company specializing in the provision of management services to Registered Individuals.
On August 20, 2002, AEGON UK plc purchased 100% of Momentum, one of the largest independent financial advising firms in the United Kingdom.
On August 13, 2002, AEGON UK plc purchased 100% of Advisory & Brokerage Services Ltd., an independent advisory company specializing in high net-worth private clients and the corporate sector.
On June 25, 2002, AEGON UK plc purchased a 50% share in Wentworth Rose, an Independent Financial Advisory firm established in 1989.
On September 5, 2000, AEGON UK plc acquired the business of HS Administrative Services Ltd., a privately owned company that was a leading provider of third party administration services to corporate pension schemes. This acquisition added to the financial services offered by AEGON UK and allowed HS Administrative Services to maintain and extend its core business.
Key Priorities for 2003
AEGON UK remains confident that the market for savings, pensions and insurance has significant growth potential and is strongly positioned to benefit from expected consolidation as weaker life companies withdraw from active market participation. AEGON UK will focus on delivery of cost savings in 2003, while continuing to invest in delivering excellence to its target markets of corporate pensions, employee benefit packages, pre- and post-retirement investment and insurance business.
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Finally, management and process improvements in AEGON UKs investment management are expected to deliver strong future performance in the equity and managed fund arena and to sustain growth in the institutional marketplace.
Products and Distribution
AEGON UK is a major financial services organization specializing in the pensions, investments and protection markets. Over half of AEGON UKs sales relate to corporate business. AEGON UK has prominent positions in group pensions, individual pensions, offshore bonds, group risk and individual protection products through the independent financial adviser channel. In addition to manufacturing these life and pension products, AEGON UK also has a growing asset management business and administrative services business and has recently acquired distribution businesses.
Most of AEGON UKs products provide it with policy charges, which increasingly relate to a management charge for funds under management. Older contracts continue to have other policy-based or transaction-based charges such as bid/offer spread. Protection products provide a profit, which is the difference between the price less mortality experience and costs.
Pensions
The pensions market experienced significant growth in gross sales during 2000 and 2001 following the launch of stakeholder pensions, which are a government-led product with a 1% annual management charge limit aimed at widening the number of individuals with a pension. As a result of the launch of the stakeholder pension product, many other pension products were pressured to reduce charges, which led to a high level of sales activity in terms of both new schemes and transfers of existing schemes. It has also been necessary to protect existing business by reducing the charge structure in force. There is expected to be potential for some relaxation of price cap levels if government targets for higher private provision are to be met.
The market has stabilized at this higher level during 2002 as the trend towards defined contribution schemes, away from defined benefit schemes has intensified.
Sales of more specialized pensions have also grown significantly over the last few years, particularly in the area of income drawdown and phased retirement products which allow individuals up to the age of 75 to access part of their pension income without having to fully purchase an annuity until a later date.
Scottish Equitable plc has maintained a top-five position in the independent financial advisor channel for group and individual pensions throughout 2001 and 2002 based on ABI market statistics.
Group Pensions. The sale of group pensions is the primary focus of Scottish Equitable plc (SE). These are pension funds for the employees of corporate customers and cover a range of benefit options, but which are predominately defined contribution. At retirement, the accumulated pension fund is used to purchase an annuity. SE also sells and administers defined benefit pensions, although the market for these types of products has decreased in recent years.
Group pension products include flexible features such as access to a range of both internal and external funds, with premiums primarily paid monthly based on a pre-agreed proportion of salary costs. Single premium transfers are also common following the initial sale.
Technology plays an increasingly important role in both the initial sale and the on-going provision of services related to these products. SE has developed a market-leading technology solution called Smartscheme, which allows the customer and the intermediary to interact with SE on the Internet throughout the process.
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Individual Pensions. SE also offers a comprehensive range of pension products for individuals. These include stakeholder pensions, pensions for executives and transfers from other schemes and policies allowing an individual to supplement corporate pensions, called free standing additional voluntary contributions. In addition, SE has been among the top three market leaders (based on ABI Industry data) in income drawdown and phased retirement products aimed at individuals with significant pension funds who do not want to invest in an annuity immediately upon retirement.
UK and Offshore Bonds
AEGON UK distributes both UK and offshore bonds. The difference between these bonds lies in the tax-advantages related to each type of bond, as offshore bonds allow gross rollup of assets allowing personal tax to be deferred until the monies are repatriated to the UK.
UK Bonds. With Profit bonds are life products, which provide a wrapper on the UK bonds and give access to the With Profits Fund of the life-company. The SE With Profits Fund allows policyholders to share the risk of market volatility through a smoothing mechanism. This fund is ring-fenced for the benefit of policyholders, so that AEGON shareholders are not exposed to any risk or benefit relating to this smoothing. The bond wrapper provides a tax efficient means of investing, as withdrawals to a certain limit are deemed capital reductions rather than income.
This kind of product has received a large amount of regulatory attention over the past two years. The primary focus has been on increasing the transparency of the product in order to clarify how the bonuses applied relate to the underlying fund returns. Also, a recent report sponsored by the UK government questioned the tax breaks applied to the bond wrapper.
During 2002, SE launched a with profit fund that represents the next generation of the product. This fund continues to provide smoothing protection against market volatility but has no guarantees. The calculation of value is based on a published formula, thus achieving the transparency required by the public and regulators.
SE also offers unit-linked bond products, which allow access to a range of internal and external funds through the bond wrapper mechanism described above.
Offshore Bonds. Scottish Equitable International Holdings (SEIH) provides sophisticated packaged investment products with tax advantages for UK and overseas clients.
SEIH has launched two new products: the Money Market Portfolio and the delegated custodian private client product (the Dublin Private Client Portfolio). The Money Market Portfolio allows access to low-risk money market fund investments within the tax-efficient structure of an offshore bond. This is distributed through independent financial advisors to both corporate investors and high net-worth individuals. The Dublin Private Client Portfolio caters to investment managers and private banks and allows the aggregation of a custom-made portfolio of assets.
In addition, SEIH sells unit-linked bonds and has an inheritance tax planning product.
Individual Protection
AEGON Individual Protection (AIP) provides an innovative individual protection product under the collective brand name of Scottish Equitable Protect. The first offering of the Scottish Equitable Protect product was made in 2001 and consists of three menu-based products catering to the personal, mortgage and business protection markets, respectively.
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One of the core strengths of this product is market-leading underwriting capability that allows a comprehensive array of cover to be provided without the complexity usually associated with this type of insurance. Intermediaries are provided with direct access to underwriters together with underwriting help desks, newsletters and field underwriting techniques.
The individual protection market is segmented between price-led and value-led sales, the former relating to a strong re-brokering market. AIP focuses on the value-led portion of the market where demand is less price sensitive due to the importance to consumers of flexibility and of the ability to combine benefits in one place.
The product range was further enhanced in 2002 with the introduction of income protection products that provide insurance for unemployment due to illness or accident.
Group Risk
Scottish Equitable Employee Benefits (SEEB) deals exclusively through independent financial advisors and offers a range of flexible corporate protection products to fulfil the needs of employers and employees. SEEB offers these group risk contracts through its Corporate and Employee Protection Menus.
The Corporate Protection Menu allows companies to create tailored employee benefits packages. The menu offers a number of different coverages, which can be mixed and matched including group life coverage, income protection and critical illness as well as group private medical coverage. The Employee Protection Menu adds an additional layer of flexibility where the individual employees can choose benefits within a pre-defined menu at the employers cost.
Mutual Funds
AEGON Asset Management UK (AAM) is a major provider of fund management services both within the AEGON UK group and to institutional customers and individuals. At December 31, 2002, AAM managed approximately GBP 30 billion of funds, providing both mutual and segregated funds for clients.
With more than GBP 10 billion invested, AAM has proved to be a strong party in the institutional market. A dedicated sales force has been established to exploit this capability and AAM continued to win new mandates during 2002.
Distribution Channels
AEGON UKs principal means of distribution has been through the independent financial adviser (IFA) channel in the UK market. These advisers provide their clients access to all available products and must demonstrate that the best advice is given to their client.
There are approximately 26,000 active registered independent financial advisors in the United Kingdom, many of whom are grouped into networks of advisers, who act as large national distributors. The thirty largest of the 4,300 IFA firms employ 80% of the registered independent financial advisors. AEGON UK has strong relationships with independent financial advisors across the market, but is particularly involved with the networks and with large local firms.
To support this activity, there are approximately 330 broker-consultants based in the United Kingdom, operating out of over thirty local branch offices. Relationship management is a core element of achieving success in the intermediate channel. Scottish Equitable plc is able to support local independent investment advisors through this branch network in areas such as business development and training.
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The opportunity to invest in distribution has only recently been created by proposed regulatory change to the UK market. In 2002, AEGON UK established a new business unit, AEGON UK Distribution Holdings, to invest in and develop AEGON UK holdings intermediary distribution companies. To date, AEGON UK has taken majority interests in four distribution companies and minority stakes in three others.
Asset Liability Management
At December 31, 2002, assets under management by AEGON UK amounted to GBP 30 billion. Of this GBP 30 billion, GBP 12.5 billion is covered by unit-linked policies where both the decision regarding which sector of the market to invest in and the risk of over/under performance rests with the policyholder. Of this GBP 12.5 billion, GBP 12 billion is managed by AEGON UKs internal investment company and GBP 0.5 billion by a range of external investment organizations. Of the GBP 17.5 billion balance, the majority (GBP 15.7 billion) represents investment in with profits policies. Investment committees are in place for each of the statutory entities and these committees, which report to the appropriate Boards of Directors, meet quarterly to set benchmarks/risk profiles for the investment managers and to monitor performance against these benchmarks. Additionally the investment committee of the Board of Directors of AEGON UK reviews the policies and processes of its internal manager on a quarterly basis.
With respect to asset liability management, committees are in place to focus on monitoring regulatory capital requirements and ensuring close matching of assets and liabilities for the corporate risk business. Asset liability management committees meet monthly to agree to any changes required for close matching. For the with profits business, AEGON UKs general philosophy is to match guarantees with appropriate investments. However, the nature of with profits business prevents perfect matching and the role of the committee is then to monitor the solvency/capital implications of any mismatching on a monthly basis. On an annual basis, detailed reports are produced for the relevant subsidiary Boards and the AEGON UK Board covering the impact of a range of investment scenarios on the solvency of each of the funds. These reports allow a central investment strategy to be agreed to and established for the With Profits Funds.
Guaranteed annuity options (GAOs) are a major source of potential risk in the UK market. Scottish Equitable plc is the only company in the AEGON UK group with significant exposure to GAOs. This exposure has been capped by the purchase of a range of swaptions designed to match both the interest and mortality risk inherent within the GAOs.
AEGON UK uses derivatives as part of the asset management process in both the unit-linked and With Profits Funds. The principle derivatives used are exchange-traded equity and bond futures. The decisions to implement and execute are carried out by separate bodies. Trades and standing positions are reviewed on a daily basis by a specialist team and circulated for confirmation by the relevant fund managers on a weekly basis.
The use of exchange-traded derivatives within the With Profits Funds is consistent with efficient portfolio management: it is done either as a strategic overlay that is cheaper to implement by derivatives or to establish a strategic position in advance of implementation in physical securities. The main exception is the swaption purchased in relation to GAOs. Exchange-traded derivative positions are cleared through a central clearer and margining is reviewed daily.
Investment exposure to any single counterparty is limited by an internal framework that reflects the limits set by the regulatory regime. This applies both within asset classes (equities, bonds and cash) and across all investments. The standing positions against these limits are reviewed monthly.
Reinsurance
AEGON UK reinsures mortality and morbidity risk, resulting in limited exposure to these risks. AEGON UKs policy is to reinsure 90% of the risk for new mortality and morbidity business and to reinsure 100% of longevity
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risk for annuities. The quality of the reinsurer is monitored by setting a minimum credit rating of AA by Standard & Poors. Any decision to use a reinsurer with a lower credit rating requires the agreement of AEGONs reinsurance committee. All reinsurance to date has been with companies external to the AEGON Group.
A detailed summary of all risk agreements is provided annually to the AEGON Group Risk Committee.
AEGON UK also uses reinsurance as a means of providing investment management, via a number of external fund management organizations, in respect of part of its unit-linked business.
Competition
AEGON UK faces strong competition in all its markets from two key sourceslife and pension companies and investment management houses.
The life and pension market has been concentrating over the past few years amongst the largest companies and those perceived to be financially strong. Consolidation has been a much less significant factor in recent years. In addition, AEGON UK has faced significant pressure from the largest two players in the market who have been seen as a safe haven by intermediaries.
The retail investment market is very fragmented with the leading positions changing on a fairly regular basis. This is particularly influenced by performance figures. Competition is very intense and leading market shares are typically below 10%.
On the institutional side, the market has been moving towards more specialist mandates away from mixed funds. There is a relatively small number of distributors and competition surrounds the quality of internal processes and brand.
Regulation
Most of AEGONs UK companies are regulated by the Financial Services Authority under the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000.
The Financial Services Authority acts as both a prudential and conduct-of-business supervisor. As such, it sets minimum standards for capital adequacy and solvency, and regulates the sales and marketing activities of the regulated companies.
All directors and some senior managers of AEGON UK undertaking particular roles (for example as Appointed Actuary, Fund Managers and Dealers and Salesmen) enter into direct contracts with the Financial Services Authority as Approved Persons. As such, they are subject to rigorous pre-appointment checks on their integrity and competence, and are subject to ongoing supervision throughout their mandate as Approved Persons and for a limited period afterwards.
SE international business contains four corporations: a Luxembourg-based life insurance company (Scottish Equitable International société anonyme), a Bermuda-based life insurance company (Scottish Equitable International (Bermuda) Ltd.), a Luxembourg-based mutual fund management company (Scottish Equitable Advisers société anonyme) and an Italian sales and marketing company (Scottish Equitable Italia Sarl). These companies are regulated by their local authorities.
AEGON Ireland Holdings BV is a holding company having its head-office at AEGONplein 50, The Hague, the Netherlands. This company comprises three corporations, an Irish life insurance company (Scottish Equitable International (Dublin) plc), a services company (Scottish Equitable International Services) and a reinsurance company (Transamerica International Reinsurance Ireland). The Irish Department of Enterprise, Trade and
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Employment regulates Scottish Equitable International (Dublin) plc, which is subject to all Irish corporate and insurance regulations. Scottish Equitable International Services is governed by Irish corporate legislation and submits annual accounts to the company registrar.
Other Countries
Hungary
General History
The ÁB-AEGON General Insurance Company (ÁB-AEGON) has been a member of the AEGON Group since 1992, celebrating its tenth anniversary in 2002. The legal predecessor of the company was the state-owned ÁB, which was incorporated in the 1940s under the former socialist regime. In the last ten years, ÁB-AEGON has been transformed into one of the most profitable insurance companies in Hungary (source: income statement of the Hungarian insurance sector, 2001, www.mabisz.hu).
ÁB-AEGON is a limited liability company. It operates in Hungary and has its head office in Budapest at 1091, Budapest Ülloi út 1. phone: +36-1-4-765-765. ÁB-AEGONs main operations are life insurance, general insurance and asset management. It is a wholly-owned subsidiary of AEGON.
ÁB-AEGON has four subsidiaries, all located in Hungary:
| AEGON Securities; |
| AEGON Real Estates; |
| AEGON Pension Fund Management Co.; and |
| AEGON Hungary Fund Management Co. |
ÁB-AEGON operated in a divisional structure until it was restructured in 2000. Operations are currently divided by sales channels and functional areas.
The main strategic goals are to:
| increase profit and premium income; |
| maintain the number-one position in new sales of life insurance products; |
| maintain client satisfaction and loyalty; |
| win the institutional investor of the year award for excellent investment performance again; |
| retain market share in household insurance above 50%; and |
| obtain a significant market share in the fast growing mortgage market. |
Products and Distribution
ÁB-AEGON is a composite insurance company offering both life insurance and non-life insurance products. The core business products are life, pension, mortgage and household insurance. The life insurance product portfolio consists of traditional general account products and unit-linked products, although in recent years unit-linked sales have been much more significant than general account product sales. For general account products, profits on the investments are shared with the client. For unit-linked products, the customers money is managed in a separate account invested in investment fund units and only a management fee is deducted from the return. In the case of non-life insurance products, the company has a conservative underwriting policy, limiting ÁB AEGONS risk. ÁB AEGON insures over half of the household market. The profitability of household insurance is very high and presents ÁB-AEGON with positive opportunities for cross-selling life insurance products.
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Property and car insurance are also represented in the portfolio but are not core products. Due to portfolio protection, motor insurance will gain more attention this year.
Pension Insurance. Pension insurance is a core business product of ÁB-AEGON, therefore pension fund services are also offered. The mandatory and voluntary pension funds of ÁB-AEGON are among the largest in the country in terms of managed assets and number of members (source: Hungarian Financial Supervisory Authority). The pension fund business concentrates its growth strategy in recruiting new members and purchasing other pension funds.
Traditional General Account Products. These products consist of small life policies that were issued before ÁB became part of the AEGON Group. The premium income from these policies is small and the profit margin is very low. Traditional general account products also include indexed life products that are not unit-linked but have guaranteed interest. ÁB-AEGON no longer offers either of these products.
Unit-linked Products. These products are the most recent and most important products sold by ÁB-AEGON. Unit-linked products are connected to a mutual fund and the investment company buys units of the mutual fund with the policyholders funds. ÁB-AEGON deducts only an asset management fee. The unit-linked products cover all types of life insurance (pension, endowment, savings, etc.). They are very popular in Hungary and the largest part of ÁB-AEGONs new sales is derived from unit-linked life products.
Group Life Products. These products are mostly identical to unit-linked products, but some of them have guaranteed interest. They are sold to companies covering large groups of employees, not individuals.
ÁB-AEGON also provides asset management services through its subsidiary, AEGON Securities. It offers five mutual funds to the public: domestic bond, domestic equity, international bond, international equity and money market.
ÁB-AEGONs distribution channels are the composite network, the life network, independent agencies, brokers and Moneymaxx.
ÁB-AEGONs two main distribution channels (the composite and life networks) work with agents but the company also uses alternative channels and partners to increase the number of sales in this sector. That enabled us to keep a strong position in life insurance new sales in 2001 and 2002.
The composite network is ÁB-AEGONs main distribution channel. It sells all types of insurance products through agents, who are organized under the direction of territorial directorates.
Independent agencies are special composite brokers. They work on behalf of ÁB-AEGON and can only sell AEGON products. The company has contracts with a few agencies. The independent agencies mainly sell life and mortgage insurance products.
The life network is a special alternative to the composite network. Although it also distributes through products agents, the agents only sell life and pension insurance products. The life network is slightly smaller than the composite network. The life network agents are qualified investment advisors who cater to the upper-income segments of the population.
Brokers are independent intermediaries that work on behalf of the customer. ÁB-AEGON has relationships with several brokers, but these brokers can also sell the products of other insurance companies. The brokers main product line is non-life, but ÁB-AEGON would like to expand their sales capacity to include life and pension products as well.
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Moneymaxx sells a very simple savings product mainly through direct sales. Their share in the new sales of ÁB-AEGON is presently less significant than other methods of distribution (and products).
ÁB-AEGON also endeavors to develop relationships with banks. ÁB-AEGONs current partner banks offer mortgage products, simple savings products and units of AEGON Securities mutual funds to the public.
Asset Liability Management
ÁB-AEGON has a centralized investment organization. The investment department makes all strategic and tactical decisions related to investments. ÁB-AEGON has its own security, fund management and real estate subsidiaries, which are coordinated by the investment department. Portfolio management services are provided by AEGON Hungary Fund Management Company under the direction of the investment department. AEGON Hungary Fund Management Company handles its own account and unit-linked portfolio, as well as the portfolio of the four mutual funds and the assets of the pension fund.
The AEGON Pension Fund Management Co. is responsible for the operation and management of the voluntary and mandatory pension funds. Its two main sources of income are the management fee and the investment fee it charges. The investment fee is shared with AEGON Hungary Fund Management Company, which is the asset manager of the AEGON pension funds.
The Hungarian Insurance Act imposes very strict requirements on investments by insurance companies. The laws protect the interest of the public and provide guidelines for portfolio composition as well as minimal capital and reserve requirements. The assets backing the reserves must be invested within strict limits established to reduce risk and assure liquidity.
Most investment activities fall under the scope of the Security Act. This Act regulates all operations related to securities in Hungary and the organization and capital adequacy of Hungarian security companies.
ÁB-AEGON follows a very conservative investment policy. The main part of the portfolio consists of government issues. Shares, mortgage bonds and real estate play a very marginal role. ÁB-AEGONs asset liability management model is based on duration management. The investment department is responsible for the duration management and determines the portfolio of assets required to match the characteristics of product liabilities. ÁB-AEGONS assets under management amounted to EUR 1.3 billion at December 31, 2002.
Reinsurance
ÁB-AEGONs reinsurance partners are among the most significant European reinsurers in the European and London markets. In accordance with ÁB-AEGONs security guidelines, only reinsurers with a minimum rating of A+ (Standard & Poors) are utilized. The three most important programs in force in the last ten years are the Catastrophe Excess of Loss Treaty, the Motor Third Party Liability Excess of Loss Treaty and the Property per Risk Excess of Loss Treaty. ÁB-AEGONs catastrophe cover, which protects private homeowners, is quite significant in the Hungarian market. In addition, ÁB-AEGON has smaller treaties for other business lines, such as General Third Party Liability, Marine Cargo, and Life & Group Life Business. The majority of ÁB-AEGONs programs are non-proportional Excess of Loss programs.
Competition
The Hungarian insurance market is very concentrated, with five to six major companies comprising 80 to 85% of the market, based on premium income. However, the income share concentration in the market is slowly decreasing: there are now twelve to fifteen insurance companies active in the market. In the first quarter of 2002, ÁB-AEGON had the second largest life insurance premium income and portfolio premium and in 2001 the largest new sales income. ÁB-AEGON is the market leader in household insurance premiums and has the largest
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portfolio (source: annual and quarterly reports of the Hungarian insurance sector, 2000, www.mabisz.hu). ÁB-AEGONs market share in motor and property insurance is less significant.
ÁB-AEGON is one of the largest institutional investors in Hungary (source: Hungarian Financial Supervisory Authority), with more than EUR 1.3 billion in assets under management. In 2001, ÁB-AEGON won the Institutional Investor of the Year award for excellent investment performance and in 2002 our portfolio managers shared the Most Sophisticated Portfolios Manager award.
ÁB-AEGON had the highest profit in the Hungarian market in 2001. In 2001, ÁB-AEGONs net profit after tax exceeded 46% of the total profit of the sector ( source: income statement of the Hungarian insurance sector, 2001, www.mabisz.hu).
Regulation
In Hungary, the Insurance Act (XCVI. 1995) regulates the foundation, operation and reporting obligations of insurance companies. Since 1995, insurance companies can be licensed only for separate businesses: a company can conduct either life insurance or non-life insurance businesses but cannot operate both businesses together (although insurance companies established before 1995, including ÁB-AEGON, are exempted from this rule).
The main supervisory institution is the Hungarian Financial Supervisory Authority, which has a department that deals with the insurance sector. It can investigate insurance companies activities and relationships.
In addition to legal regulation, insurance companies have a self-regulatory body called the Hungarian Insurance Association. It is the main forum for discussion amongst insurance companies. Its specialized departments (including actuarial, financial and legal departments) meet periodically. The Hungarian Insurance Association also engages in lobbying activities.
As one of the largest institutional investors in Hungary, the investment operations of ÁB-AEGON are also regulated by the Security Act. The Security Act affects all investment activities related to securities. The strict requirements of the Security Act protect the interests of the public and ensure a transparent and reliable investment environment.
Spain
General History
In Spain, AEGON operates through AEGON Union Aseguradora SA (AEGON Spain), a non-life insurance company headquartered in Madrid, which is also the parent company of two life insurance subsidiaries: AEGON Seguros Vida, Ahorro e Inversion SA and AEGON Moneymaxx SA. As of January 1, 2003, AEGON Union Aseguradora SA became the holding company of four operating companies: AEGON Seguros Generales, AEGON Seguros Salud, AEGON Seguros de Vida and AEGON Moneymaxx SA.
AEGON entered the Spanish market in 1980 by acquiring Seguros Galicia. AEGON also acquired Union Levantina in 1987, Union Previsora in 1988, Labor Medica in 1996, La Sanitaria in 1997, Caja de Prevision y Socorro in 1997 and Covadonga at the of 1999.
Twenty-four percent of AEGON Spains 2002 premium income was derived from life insurance, 62% was derived from property and casualty insurance and 14% was derived from health insurance. As at December 31, 2002, AEGON Spain had 701 employees.
Products and Distribution
Over the several past years, AEGON Spain has focused its growth on the life insurance business and particularly unit-linked products. By marketing unit-linked variable life products to younger professionals
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through multiple distribution channels, it has made significant inroads into a market traditionally dominated by banks.
With respect to life insurance, AEGON Spains principal products are traditional life and unit-linked insurance. Traditional life insurance is comprised of permanent and term life insurance. Permanent life insurance provides life-long financial protection. The policy has a cash value feature with a minimum tax-deferred rate guarantee that accumulates over the life of the policy and can be used to fund financial goals, particularly in retirement. Term insurance covers the insured for a specific period of time. The policy pays death benefits only if the insured dies during the term. Policies can usually be renewed upon expiration and premiums normally increase upon renewal. Unit-linked insurance is a form of life insurance whereby death benefits and cash values vary with the performance of a portfolio of investments. Premiums can be allocated among a variety of investments that offer different degrees of risk and reward, including stocks, bonds or combinations of both.
For distribution purposes, AEGON Spain makes a distinction between individual life and group life. Individual life products are sold in urban centers by specialized agents and brokers and in rural areas by specialized agents and on a direct marketing basis using the Moneymaxx concept. Group life products are distributed through banks and financial institutions as well as through brokers and specialized agents. A new law has been approved by Parliament that increases the fiscal advantages for retirement products and will offer opportunities for insurance companies.
Having strengthened its central data processing systems to improve measurement and control, AEGON Spains general insurance division is delegating more responsibilities to agents, branch offices and regional headquarters. The objective of this decentralization is to lower costs and to continue to provide adequate service in a difficult and volatile market climate.
The main general insurance products are motor and fire insurance. These products are distributed exclusively through the agency channel, using a network of more than 3,000 agents and brokers.
In 2002, the health unit reorganized its commercial management to increase responsiveness. A centralized health division back office for underwriting, separate from the general insurance activities, has been established.
Under the National Social Security System, the Spanish workforce is automatically insured for health expenses and the purchase of private insurance policies therefore means a duplication of expenses.
AEGON Spains main health product is Salud Premier Gold, which is an annually renewable product for medical services. It accounted for 83% of AEGON Spains health premium income in 2002. Health policies are distributed through agents, directly to customers and through specialized health agents.
Asset Liability Management
AEGON Spains approach to asset liability management is based on the projection of both asset and liability cash flows, the calculation of their present values using a market yield curve and the calculation of the main parameters affecting these cash flows, such as duration and convexity, among others. The target is to lock in the spread by making the duration of assets and liabilities equal to each other.
Part of AEGON Spains investment portfolio is managed by AEGON UK, but closely supervised by AEGON Spain.
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Reinsurance
AEGON Spain has both proportional and non-proportional reinsurance protection, primarily for fire and general liability insurance. In line with AEGONs policy, AEGON Spains reinsurers are generally at least AA-rated by Standard & Poors.
Competition
Competition in Spain is significant. Among AEGON Spains major competitors are the bank-owned insurance companies for life and pension products, foreign insurance companies for all product lines and foreign and local companies for health insurance products.
Regulation
Dirección General de Seguros (DGS) is the regulatory authority for the Spanish insurance business. Insurance companies have to report to DGS quarterly. The Spanish legal requirements incorporate the requirements of the European Community Directives. In terms of solvency margin, local requirements are based on a percentage of the reserves for the life insurance business and on a percentage of premiums for the non-life insurance business. AEGON Spain exceeds both solvency requirements.
AEGON Spains investment portfolio is regulated under Spanish law, which is based on the third EU directive (92/96/EEC). The regulation requires the proper matching of investments and technical provisions and also establishes the main characteristics of the assets that can be used for asset liability management. There are limitations on the amounts that can be invested in unsecured loans, unquoted stock, single investments in real estate and a single loan or debtor.
Taiwan
General History
AEGON Life Insurance (Taiwan) Inc. (AEGON Taiwan) is a life insurance company that was formed in 2001 to conduct life insurance business in the Republic of China. AEGON Taiwans operations began in 1994 as a branch office of Life Investors Insurance Company of America, an AEGON USA life insurance company. In 1998, AEGON Taiwan took over a block of business comprised of 55,000 policies of American Family Life Assurance Company Taiwan. In 1999, the Transamerica Taiwan branch was added as a result of the Transamerica acquisition and its integration with the existing operation was completed in 2001. At the end of 2001, AEGON Taiwan acquired a block of business comprised of 57,000 policies of National Mutual Life Association of Australia, AXAs Taiwan life operation. In 2001, AEGON Taiwan moved into a new head office in Taipei.
Based on total premium income for 2002, AEGON Taiwan ranked sixth out of the 13 foreign life insurance companies operating in Taiwan (Source: The Life Insurance Association of the Republic of China, released January 15, 2003). AEGON Taiwans total employment as of December 31, 2002 was 801. Of this total, 569 employees are agent-employees.
Products and Distribution
The product portfolio consists primarily of increasing/level whole life, female whole life, coupon whole life, whole life cancer, endowment life, term life, dread disease whole life rider, one-year term health/accident rider and waiver of premium rider products. A new variable universal life product was introduced in April 2002.
Life, traditional whole life and term life products continue to be AEGON Taiwans main products. With some variations in benefit features and premium payment patterns, such as graded whole life and inflation
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adjustment, increasing death benefit whole life is designed to meet various consumer needs. All survival benefits and cash surrender value, including embedded interest earned, are tax-exempt. Endowment life products and coupon whole life products with periodical survival benefit payments are also selling well in the Taiwanese market.
Female whole life is a unique product, which has life protection, female specific illness benefits and a survival benefit.
Dread disease whole life riders, yearly renewable health and accident benefit riders and waiver of premium riders provide popular supplementary coverage for most of AEGON Taiwans policyholders.
AEGON Taiwan distributes its products primarily through the agency channel, but also uses insurance brokerage firms and banks (bancassurance). Agencies provide the main distribution channel. This distribution channel consists of a network of professional career agents located in 32 offices nation-wide. Due to training and strong back office support, agent productivity for 2002 was on average 3.5 new base policies per agent per month, which is more than double the industry average of 1.26 policies per agent per month (Source: The Life Insurance Association of the Republic of China).
Asset Liability Management
Asset liability management is an integral part of AEGON Taiwans newly instituted risk management process. AEGON Taiwans asset liability management policy aims to match assets and liabilities and reduce total risk while maximizing investment yield. To achieve these objectives, broad risk limits are established for the investment portfolio given the general account liabilities as defined by a baseline investment policy statement. The calculation also takes into account the duration of assets and liabilities and the capital at risk. The long-term duration mismatch goal is plus or minus 0.75 years. At year-end 2002, the mismatch is above that level and amounts to 2.17 years assets shorter than liabilities.
Competition
The life insurance industry in Taiwan has shown significant growth in recent years. Between 1997 and 2002, life insurance premium income in Taiwan grew at an annual growth rate of 16% based on statistics released by the Life Insurance Association of the Republic of China. As at the end of 2002, there were 28 life insurance companies in Taiwan, 19 of which were domestic companies and 9 were foreign-branch offices. In 2002, insurance premium totalled NTD 889 billion with the top five companies accounting for around 73%.
With the introduction of new regulations to facilitate the formation of financial holding companies, which allow banks to broaden their activities into insurance, the bancassurance channel is forecasted to develop very rapidly. Owing to the increase in competition with bancassurance, direct marketing and brokers, the number of career agents was reduced by 40,000 (12%) in 2002.
Regulation
AEGON Taiwan is subject to regulation and supervision by the Minister of Finance. The regulation covers the licensing of agents, the approval of the insurance policies, the regulation of premium rates, the establishment of reserve requirements, the regulation of the type and amount of investments permitted and prescribing of minimum levels of capital.
Transamerica Finance Corporation
Transamerica Finance Corporation conducts business in commercial lending, intermodal leasing and real estate information services operations.
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The commercial lending operation makes commercial loans through four businesses: distribution finance, business capital, equipment financial services and specialty finance. It has offices in the United States, Mexico, Canada, Europe and India. The intermodal leasing operation provides service, rentals and term operating leases through a worldwide network of offices, third party depots and other facilities. The intermodal leasing operation offers a wide variety of equipment used in international and domestic commerce around the world. Its fleet consists of over 674,000 marine containers (consisting of units that are owned along with managed for and leased from others) and over 19,000 European trailers. Real estate information services provides property tax payment and reporting, flood certification and other real estate information services to its customers.
Due to their dissimilarity in operations in relation to the operations of AEGON, these group companies have not been consolidated.
Description of Property
In the United States, we own predominantly all of the buildings which we use in the normal course of our business, primarily as offices. We own 15 offices located throughout the United States with a total square footage of 3.2 million. We also lease office space for various offices located throughout the United State under long-term leases for a total square footage of 1.1 million. Our principal offices are located in Los Angeles, California, Cedar Rapids, Iowa, Frazer, Pennsylvania, St Petersburg, Florida, Plano, Texas and Baltimore, Maryland.
Other principal offices owned are located in Budapest, Hungary and Madrid, Spain. AEGON leases its headquarters and principal offices in the Netherlands and the United Kingdom under long-term leases. The Company believes that its properties are adequate to meet is current needs.
ITEM 5. OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW AND PROSPECTS
Introduction
AEGON is committed to providing information on key factors that drive its business and affect its financial condition, results and value. Our disclosure practices have been developed over many years with due consideration of the needs and requirements of our stakeholders, including regulators, investors and research analysts. We have substantive supplemental information in our annual and quarterly accounts to provide transparency of our financial results. We have provided insight into our critical accounting policies and the methodologies we apply to manage our risks. For a discussion of critical accounting policies see Application of Critical Accounting PoliciesDutch Accounting Policies and Application of Critical Accounting PoliciesUS GAAP. For a discussion of our risk management methodologies see Item 11. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure About Market Risk.
Outlook 2003
AEGON remains strongly positioned and capitalized in the markets in which it operates. Business operations are sound and we look forward to profitable new business growth and lower expense levels. Nonetheless, weak and volatile financial markets and geo-political uncertainty continue to create a difficult operating environment for out business. AEGONs Executive Board remains cautious in its outlook for 2003 and has not provided an earnings forecast for 2003.
Application of Critical Accounting PoliciesDutch Accounting Principles
The Operating and Financial Review and Prospects are based upon AEGONs consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with Dutch accounting principles. The application of Dutch accounting principles requires our management to use judgements involving assumptions and estimates concerning future results or other developments including the likelihood, timing or amount of one or more future transactions or events. There can be no assurance that actual results will not differ from those estimates. Senior
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management reviews these judgements frequently and an understanding of these judgements may enhance the readers understanding of the AEGONs financial statements in Item 18 of this Annual Report.
We have summarized below the Dutch accounting policies that we feel are most critical to the financial statement presentation and that require significant judgement or involve complex estimates.
Technical ProvisionsLife Insurance
Actuarial assumptions and their sensitivities underlie the calculation of technical provisions, which are based on generally accepted reserve valuation standards. In the ordinary course of business, our management makes assumptions for and estimates of future premiums, mortality, morbidity, investment returns, lapses, surrenders and expenses. These assumptions are initially based on best estimates of future experience at the policy inception date, in some instances taking into account a margin for the risk of adverse deviation from these assumptions. The assumptions used are regularly reviewed, compared to actual experience and, if necessary, depending on the type of products, updated.
Assumptions are made regarding future investment yields for both the pricing and the assessment of profitability of many general account products and products for the account of policyholders. Assumed yields are based on managements best estimates. Periodically, AEGON assesses the impact of fluctuations of future investment yields on pricing and profitability. For products where AEGON offers explicit benefit guarantees to its clients, product pricing reflects these guarantees.
Reserve for Guaranteed Minimum Benefits (GMBs)
Guaranteed minimum benefits are contained in certain products offered in the United States, Canada and the Netherlands. An additional technical provision is recognized in the income statement to the extent that products contain a guaranteed minimum benefit. For these products the regular technical provision is recognized under technical provisions with investments for account of policyholders. The life insurance technical provision includes provisions for guaranteed minimum benefits related to contracts where the policyholders otherwise bear the investment risk. The main products are summarized below:
| guaranteed minimum benefits on variable products, primarily variable annuities, in the United States; |
| guaranteed minimum accumulation benefits on segregated funds in Canada; and |
| guaranteed return on certain unit-linked products in The Netherlands. |
In the United States a common feature of variable annuities is a guaranteed minimum death benefit, under which, the beneficiaries receive the greater of the account balance or the guaranteed amount when the insured dies. The guaranteed amount is calculated using the total deposits made by the contract holder, less any withdrawals and sometimes includes a roll-up or step-up feature that increases the value of the guarantee with interest or with increases in the account value, respectively. Our technical provision for life insurance includes a provision in connection with the guarantees issued. A cap and a floor for this provision is calculated using stochastic prospective methods (probability weighted calculation using multiple future scenarios) and current assumptions. See the following section on the accounting policy for deferred policy acquisition costs for a discussion of the various assumptions involved in the calculation. Within the cap and floor corridor, we use the accrual method based on pricing assumptions with valuation interest less actual claims incurred. Outside the cap and floor corridor, a surplus or shortfall of the provision will cause an extra charge or credit to the income statement.
In Canada, variable products sold are known as segregated funds. Segregated funds are similar to mutual funds except they include a capital protection guarantee for mortality and maturity. The initial guarantee period is 10 years. The 10-year period may be reset at the contractholders option to lock in market gains. The reset feature cannot be exercised in the final decade of the contract and for many products can only be exercised a
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limited number of times per year. The management expense ratio (MER) charged to the funds is not guaranteed and can be increased at managements discretion. Our provisions for the minimum guarantees on segregated funds are established consistent with the method described above for minimum guarantees on variable annuity contracts sold in the United States.
In the Netherlands Fundplan policies have a guaranteed return of 3% or 4% at maturity or upon the death of the insured if the premium is paid for a consecutive period of 10 years and is invested in the Mixed Fund and/or Fixed Income Fund. For this guaranteed return, we establish a provision based on stochastic modelling methods. If the provision develops outside the corridor, a charge or credit to the income statement is recorded. Minimum interest guarantees on group pension contracts in The Netherlands are given for nominal benefits, based on the 3% or 4% actuarial interest, after retirement of the employees. Due to the nature of the products, these guarantees have a long-term horizon of approximately 30 to 60 years. The provision is developed applying the accrual method based on pricing assumptions less actual deductions.
The US variable annuity account balance at December 31, 2002 was EUR 27.3 billion (EUR 34.1 billion at December 31, 2001), and the GMDB reserve balance totalled EUR 257 million at December 31, 2002, with an addition of EUR 214 million during 2002.
For the Canadian Segregated funds the account balance at December 31, 2002 was EUR 2.5 billion (EUR 0.7 billion at December 31, 2001) and the GMB reserve balance totalled EUR 76 million at December 31, 2002, with an addition of EUR 59 million during 2002.
The Netherlands unit linked polices, including group contracts had an account balance of EUR 7.5 billion at December 31, 2002 (EUR 8 billion at December 31, 2001) and the GMB reserve totalled EUR 236 million at December 31, 2002, with an addition of EUR 209 million during 2002.
The total Net Amount at Risk (excess of guaranteed amount over account values) at December 31, 2002 amounted to EUR 8.3 billion (2001: EUR 5.4 billion). It should be noted that the net amount at risk (NAR) is a gross exposure and does not take into account the impact of mortality and lapse decrements nor does it recognize future premium income and investment returns.
Amortization of Deferred Policy Acquisition Cost, including Value of Business Acquired
AEGON defers policy acquisition costs (DPAC) that vary with and are primarily related to the acquisition of new or renewal life insurance contracts. Such costs consist principally of commissions, certain underwriting and contract issue expenses. Policy acquisition costs are deferred to the extent that they are recoverable from future expense charges in the premiums or from expected gross profits, depending on the nature of the contract. DPAC is deducted from the technical provision life insurance. Included in DPAC is an amount of value of business acquired (VOBA) resulting from acquisitions, which is equal to the present value of estimated future profits of insurance policies in force related to business acquired at the time of the acquisition and is in its nature the same as DPAC.
Fixed Premium Products
For fixed premium products, DPAC are amortized to the income statement in proportion to the premium revenue recognized. The amortization of DPAC is based on managements best estimate assumptions established at policy issue, including assumptions for mortality, lapses, expenses and investment returns. A margin for adverse deviation is included in the assumptions. DPAC are tested by country unit and product line to assess recoverability at least annually. The portion of DPAC that is determined to be not recoverable will be recognized as an expense in the income statement in the period of determination.
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Flexible Premium Products
For flexible premium products, including fixed and variable annuities, variable universal life and unit-linked contracts, amortization of DPAC is based on expected gross profits, which are determined based on managements best estimates as to future expectations. These estimates include but are not limited to: an economic perspective in terms of long-term bonds and equity returns, mortality, disability and lapse assumptions, maintenance expenses, and future expected inflation rates. DPAC for flexible premium insurance contracts and investment type contracts are amortized in proportion to the emergence of estimated gross profits over the life of the contracts.
Movements in equity markets can have a significant impact on the value of the flexible contract accounts and the fees earned on these accounts. As a result estimated future gross profits increase or decrease with these movements. Similarly, changes in interest rate spreads for fixed annuity products (interest credited less interest earned) will affect managements assumptions with respect to estimated gross profits.
In the United States (and Canada), DPAC are amortized at a constant rate based on the present value of the estimated gross profit amounts expected to be realized over the life of the policies. If appropriate, the assumptions included in the determination of estimated gross profits are adjusted. A significant assumption related to estimated gross profits on variable annuities and life insurance products is the annual net long-term growth rate of the underlying assets. As equity markets do not move in a systematic manner, assumptions are made as to the net long-term growth rate after considering the net effects of short-term variances from the long-term assumptions (a reversion to the mean assumption). At December 31, 2002 the U.S. reversion to the mean assumptions for variable products, primarily annuities, were as follows: gross long-term equity growth rate was 9%, gross short term growth rate was 12%, the reversion period for the short term rate is five years, the gross short and long term fixed security growth rate was 6% and the gross short and long term growth rate for money market funds was 3.5%. The reconsideration of assumptions may affect the original DPAC amortization schedule, referred to as DPAC unlocking. The difference between the original DPAC amortization schedule and the revised schedule, which is based upon estimates of actual and future gross profits, is recognized in the income statement as an expense or a benefit in the period of determination.
In the Netherlands, the United Kingdom and other countries, the impact of equity market movements on estimated gross profits is covered by the yearly or, if appropriate, quarterly recoverability testing; a negative outcome is charged to the income statement in the period of determination. If appropriate, the assumptions included in the determination of estimated gross profits are adjusted for future periods.
As a result of the general equity market decline in 2002 AEGON recorded an accelerated DPAC amortization charge of EUR 450 million, primarily related to the Americas, compared to an income statement benefit of EUR 22 million for 2001.
The movement in DPAC (life insurance) over 2002 can be summarized as follows:
2002 |
2001 |
|||||
Balance at January 1 |
15,264 | 13,459 | ||||
Deferred during the year |
2,486 | 2,256 | ||||
Amortization charged to the income statement |
(1,520 | ) | (1,203 | ) | ||
Other changes¹ |
(2,141 | ) | 752 | |||
Balance at December 31 |
14,089 | 15,264 |
1 | Mainly caused by currency exchange rate differences. |
Included in our DPAC is a substantial amount of Value of Business Acquired (VOBA) resulting from acquisitions, which in its nature is similar to DPAC and is subject to the same testing and amortization
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requirements. At December 31, 2002, the VOBA amounted to approximately EUR 5.3 billion (2001: EUR 7.2 billion).
The movement in DPAC (non-life insurance) over 2002 can be summarized as follows:
2002 |
2001 |
|||||
Balance at January 1 |
1,202 | 545 | ||||
Deferred during the year |
401 | 302 | ||||
Amortization charged to the income statement |
(328 | ) | (219 | ) | ||
Other changes1 |
(166 | ) | 574 | |||
Balance at December 31 |
1,109 | 1,202 |
1 | Mainly caused by currency exchange rate differences. |
DPAC balances at December 31, 2002 by product and geographic segment are as follows:
Americas |
The Netherlands |
United Kingdom |
Other countries |
Total | ||||||
Amounts in EUR million | ||||||||||
Traditional life |
4,788 | 248 | 149 | 68 | 5,253 | |||||
Fixed annuities |
1,863 | | | | 1,863 | |||||
Fixed GICs |
54 | | | | 54 | |||||
Policyholder |
741 | 831 | 3,718 | 29 | 5,319 | |||||
Variable annuities |
1,492 | | | | 1,492 | |||||
Fee income |
102 | | 6 | | 108 | |||||
Accident and health |
1,073 | 36 | | | 1,109 | |||||
Total |
10,113 | 1,115 | 3,873 | 97 | 15,198 | |||||
of which VOBA |
4,002 | | 1,345 | | 5,347 |
The following table illustrates certain sensitivities of our DPAC and guaranteed benefits provisioning on a DAP basis to equity market returns:
One-time effect of changes in long-term assumptions:
| effect on net earnings of lowering |
long-term equity assumptions by 1% |
:approx. USD -110 million |
| effect on net earnings of eliminating the higher |
short-term equity growth rate assumptions |
:approx. USD -230 million |
| effect on net earnings of lowering |
long term fixed income assumptions 1% |
:approx. USD -30 million |
Default Reserve and Impairment of Debt Securities
Provisions for future losses on fixed income investments (bonds, mortgage loans and private placements) are established as a result of default or other credit related issues. The provision reflects our managements judgement about future defaults and is based upon a variety of factors, including expectations for long-term default rates and pricing assumptions.
AEGON regularly monitors industry sectors and individual debt securities for signs of impairment, including length of time and extent to which the market value of debt securities has been less than cost; industry risk factors; financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer; and nationally recognized credit rating agency rating changes. Additionally for asset-backed securities, cash flow trends and underlying levels of collateral are monitored. A specific security is considered to be impaired when it is determined that it is probable
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that not all amounts due (both principal and interest) will be collected as scheduled. Consideration is also given to managements intent and ability to hold a security until maturity or until fair value will recover.
In the United States a reduction in the carrying value is made for Bonds and Other loans that are considered impaired. Such reductions are charged against the default provision. The determination of the amount of the write-down is based upon managements best estimate of the future recoverable value of the debt security and takes into account underlying collateral or estimations of the liquidation values of the issuers. In the other countries, the provision is accrued until the receivable has legally ceased to exist.
Realized losses on debt securities considered default losses are charged against the default reserve. All other losses are deferred in accordance with Dutch accounting principles.
The default reserve balance for Bonds and other fixed rate securities and Other loans at January 1, 2002 was EUR 313 million. It was increased in 2002 by a charge to the income statement of EUR 826 million and reduced by default losses on specific assets of EUR 747 million. At December 31, 2002 the balance was EUR 281 million.
Impact on Future Earnings
There are a number of significant risks and uncertainties inherent in the process of monitoring impairments and determining if an impairment exists. These risks and uncertainties include:
| the risk that our assessment of an issuers ability to meet all of its contractual obligations will change based on changes in the credit characteristics of that issuer; |
| the risk that the economic outlook will be worse than expected or have more of an impact on the issuer than anticipated; and |
| the risk that new information obtained by us or changes in other facts and circumstances lead us to change our intent to hold the security to maturity or until it recovers in value. |
Any of these situations could result in a charge against earnings in a future period to the extent of the impairment charge recorded.
Unrealized Bond Gains and Losses by Investment Type
The carrying value and fair value of Bonds and other fixed rate securities and Private placements are as follows at December 31, 2002:
Carrying value |
Unrealized gains |
Unrealized losses |
Fair value | ||||||
in million EUR | |||||||||
US Government |
4,517 | 104 | (17 | ) | 4,604 | ||||
Dutch Government |
1,958 | 125 | (10 | ) | 2,073 | ||||
Other Government |
5,238 | 323 | (36 | ) | 5,525 | ||||
Mortgage backed securities |
23,179 | 669 | (654 | ) | 23,194 | ||||
Corporate bonds |
62,437 | 4,096 | (1,435 | ) | 65,098 | ||||
Total |
97,329 | 5,317 | (2,152 | ) | 100,494 | ||||
of which held by AEGON USA |
84,021 | 4,566 | (2,024 | ) | 86,563 |
The unrealized loss at December 31, 2002 of AEGON USA represents 94% of the AEGON Groups total unrealized losses. The following tables and information relate to AEGON USA only and excludes moneymarket investments and redeemable preferred shares held by AEGON USA.
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The composition by investment type of all Bonds and Other loans in unrealized gain and loss status held by AEGON USA at December 31, 2002 is presented in the table below.
DAP Carrying Value |
Market Value |
Net Gain (loss) |
Carrying of Securities with Gross Unrealized |
Gross Gains |
Carrying with Gross Unrealized |
Gross Unrealized Losses |
|||||||||
in million USD | |||||||||||||||
US Government |
4,592 | 4,655 | 63 | 3,336 | 80 | 1,256 | (17 | ) | |||||||
Foreign Government |
1,177 | 1,252 | 75 | 1,019 | 107 | 158 | (32 | ) | |||||||
Mortgage backed securities |
24,249 | 24,264 | 15 | 15,126 | 699 | 9,123 | (684 | ) | |||||||
Corporate bonds |
54,265 | 56,821 | 2,556 | 45,499 | 3,895 | 8,766 | (1,339 | ) | |||||||
Total bonds and Other loans |
84,283 | 86,992 | 2,709 | 64,980 | 4,781 | 19,303 | (2,072 | ) |
Unrealized Bond Losses by Sector
The composition by industry categories of bonds and other loans in an unrealized loss position held by AEGON USA at December 31, 2002 is presented in the table below.
Sector |
Carrying Value of Securities with Gross |
Gross Unrealized Loss |
|||
in millions USD | |||||
Electric |
1,379 | (358 | ) | ||
Transportation |
765 | (202 | ) | ||
Asset Backed Housing Related |
3,493 | (188 | ) | ||
Communications |
857 | (164 | ) | ||
Asset Backed CBO |
1,060 | (162 | ) | ||
Natural Gas |
459 | (155 | ) | ||
Banking |
1,192 | (132 | ) | ||
Asset Backed Credit Cards |
1,382 | (128 | ) | ||
Non-Cyclical Consumer Goods |
939 | (107 | ) | ||
Asset Backed Transportation |
471 | (107 | ) | ||
Cyclical Consumer Goods |
651 | (91 | ) | ||
Other |
6,655 | (278 | ) | ||
19,303 | (2,072 | ) |
The information presented above is subject to rapidly changing conditions. As such, AEGON USA expects that the level of securities with overall unrealized losses will fluctuate. The recent volatility of financial market conditions has resulted in increased recognition of both investment gains and losses, as portfolio risks are adjusted through sales and purchases. The discussion of unrealized loss positions below is presented as of December 31, 2002.
As of December 31, 2002, there are USD 4.8 billion of gross unrealized gains and USD 2.1 billion of gross unrealized losses on the fixed maturities portfolio. Gross unrealized losses of USD 1.2 billion or 60%, are concentrated in the asset backed housing related and CBOs, electric and natural gas, transportation, and communications industries.
Asset Backed Securities (ABS) and Collateralized Bond and Loan Obligations (CBOs): CBOs are collateralized by a diversified pool of corporate bonds or loans. The pool is financed by senior tranches, mezzanine tranches and equity. AEGON USAs portfolio consists of 64% senior classes of securities and 35% mezzanine classes that were rated investment grade at the time of purchase. The overall weak market for corporate bonds has caused a significant increase in CBO bond downgrades by the rating agencies. This
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environment has caused the secondary market for such bonds to be very illiquid. AEGON USA evaluates each transaction by modelling the expected cash flows assuming various scenarios for defaults and recoveries on the underlying bonds or loans. In cases where AEGON USA has not taken an impairment loss, these models indicate full recovery of principal and interest.
Debt securities discussed individually in this sector below are rated below investment grade.
Enterprise Mortgage Acceptance Company, LLC (EMAC)s sole business was to source loans from its franchise loan business. EMAC has been replaced by General Mortgage Acceptance Company (GMAC) as master servicer. AEGON owns USD 54 million in carrying value of class A debt securities and USD 8 million in carrying value of subordinated debt securities. The carrying value refers to the amortized cost of a security less any impairment that has been taken on that security. The unrealized loss position of the debt securities is USD 22 million and USD 6 million, respectively. Of the total unrealized loss position, USD 8 million relates to debt securities in an unrealized loss position for more than six months and up to 12 months and USD 20 million relates to debt securities in an unrealized loss position for more than 12 months. AEGON has not taken an impairment on these debt securities because they are secured by a portfolio of franchise loans that AEGON believes is currently capable of meeting scheduled principal and interest payments. AEGON has the intent and ability to hold these debt securities until recovery or maturity.
Asset Backed Housing-Related: Housing-related ABS bonds are collateralized by diversified pools of first and second-lien residential mortgage loans which are generally secured by 1-4 family residential housing properties or manufactured homes. Approximately 85% of AEGON USAs housing-related asset backed portfolio is backed by 1-4 family residential properties and 15% is backed by manufactured housing properties. The 1-4 family residential market has been relatively stable. The manufactured housing sector has and continues to experience significant weakness as a result of poor underwriting practices in the late 1990s which have resulted in higher than expected defaults and losses on the underlying collateral. This has resulted in a number of lenders to the industry pulling out of the sector or filing for bankruptcy.
These lenders have also increased their use of wholesale channels to liquidate repossessed collateral, thus causing recovery rates to fall at a time when defaults are rising. These events have caused risk premiums for manufactured housing bonds and rating downgrades to rise to unprecedented levels. AEGON USA evaluates each transaction by modelling the expected cash flows assuming various scenarios for defaults and recoveries on the underlying collateral. In cases where AEGON USA has not taken an impairment loss, these models indicate full recovery of principal and interest. Due to their illiquid nature, these assets are generally bought to hold to maturity.
Electric & Natural Gas (Utilities): The utility sector has faced a number of significant challenges in recent years including the California energy crisis, Enron bankruptcy, and the rapid financial deterioration of several leading companies in the merchant energy industry. Bondholders are experiencing extreme volatility as the increased financial and business risk associated with non-regulated activities has led to a substantial number of ratings downgrades. In fact, a majority of merchant energy companies have seen their rating lowered to below investment grade, reflecting their limited financial flexibility and increased probability of default. These companies are seeking to improve their financial situation primarily through asset sales, and using the proceeds to reduce debt. While de-leveraging is positive from a credit standpoint, the scale, scope, and timing of these asset sales may make it difficult to realize the sellers desired value in many cases.
AEGON USA believes there will be continued volatility in bond values as companies work through their individual restructuring plans. On the other hand, companies with solid regulated operations (either electric or natural gas) have exhibited much less volatility due to the protection afforded by state and/or federal regulation. AEGON USA has taken impairment losses on those companies in this sector that it believes will not be successful in bridging liquidity needs.
Debt securities discussed individually in this sector below are rated below investment grade.
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AEGON owns debt securities of subsidiaries of Dynegy, Inc. (Dynegy), an integrated natural gas pipeline company with a significant merchant energy operation and a regulated utility operation. AEGON owns USD 56 million in carrying value of trust preferred securities of NGC Corporation and USD 35 million in carrying value of Roseton Danskammer secured lease obligations (for which Dynegy Holdings, Inc. guarantees the lease payments on the facilities). These debt securities have been in an unrealized loss position for six months or less. The NGC trust preferred securities are debt securities of Dynegy Holdings, Inc., a subsidiary of Dynegy that holds all of the generating, marketing and trading and midstream assets of Dynegy. Roseton and Danskammer are power generation facilities. Dynegys failed acquisition of Enron at the end of 2001, weak power markets, evaporation of wholesale trading markets and numerous regulatory investigations have led to a deterioration of Dynegys credit profile.
Dynegy announced a restructuring plan aimed at (i) improving liquidity, (ii) reducing debt, (iii) improving transparency and (iv) putting more focus on its asset-based businesses. As of the middle of November 2002, Dynegy stated that it had a net liquidity position of nearly USD 1.5 billion and anticipated freeing an additional USD 500 million over the following six months as the trading book was wound down. The debt securities are in an unrealized loss position of USD 53 million and USD 20 million, respectively. AEGON has not taken an impairment on these debt securities because, based on Dynegys announced cash position and amount of unencumbered assets, AEGON believes that Dynegy will be able to refinance its bank lines and its Chevron preferred debt obligations, and as a result be able to remain current on principal and interest payments of debt securities at its subsidiary level. AEGON has the intent and ability to hold these debt securities until recovery or maturity.
AEGON owns debt securities of the direct and indirect subsidiaries of PG&E Corporation. PG&E National Energy Group, Inc. (NEG) is a wholly owned subsidiary of PG&E Corporation. NEGs principal operating subsidiaries are PG&E Gas Transmission Northwest Corporation (GTN; natural gas pipelines) and USGen New England, Inc. (USGen; power generation and marketing). AEGON owns USD 34 million in carrying value of NEG debt securities, USD 40 million in carrying value of GTN debt securities and USD 20 million in carrying value of USGen debt securities. These debt securities have been in an unrealized loss position for six months or less. AEGON also owns USD 84 million in carrying value in two financings of generation projects where NEG is the contractual counter-party. NEG is in default on its debt securities and is currently pursuing a consensual restructuring. GTN and USGen debt securities remain current. The debt securities are in an unrealized loss position of USD 17 million, USD 2 million and USD 12 million, respectively. The carrying value of the NEG debt securities reflects an impairment of USD 11 million taken in 2002, bringing the carrying value of the NEG debt securities down to the expected recovery level, which is the level of expected cash flow. AEGON believes, based on currently available information about asset values and/or deficiency claims, that USGen and GTN are capable of meeting scheduled principal and interest payments. AEGON has the intent and ability to hold these debt securities until recovery or maturity.
AEGON owns debt securities of subsidiaries of TXU Corporation. TXU Europe Limited (TXU Europe) was the European energy generation and trading business of TXU Corporation. Credit support from TXU Corporation had allowed TXU Europe to hold investment grade ratings until the fourth quarter of 2002, despite continued weakness in UK power markets. In October 2002, TXU Corporation withdrew its support and TXU Europe was downgraded to below investment grade shortly thereafter. In November 2002, TXU Europe filed for administration in the UK following an unsuccessful attempt to strike an out-of-court settlement. TXU Europe is now controlled by UK administrators overseeing its liquidation. AEGON owns USD 66 million and USD 10 million in carrying value of debt securities of each of Energy Group Overseas B.V. (a TXU Corporation subsidiary) and TXU Eastern Funding Company, respectively. The debt securities are in an unrealized loss position of USD 45 million and USD 8 million, respectively, and have been in an unrealized loss position for six months or less. The carrying value of TXU Eastern Funding Company debt securities reflects an impairment of USD 14 million taken in 2002. This amount corresponds to their expected recovery levels, which is the level of expected cash flow. The Energy Group Overseas B.V. debt securities have not been impaired because AEGON
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believes these debt securities will have preferential treatment due to intercompany loans sufficient to allow full recovery. AEGON has the intent and ability to hold these debt securities until recovery or maturity.
AEGON owns USD 62 million in carrying value of Calpine Corporation (Calpine) debt securities and USD 19 million in carrying value of Tiverton Power secured lease obligations, where Calpine is the contractual counterparty. Calpine owns and operates a fleet of generation assets. Calpine indicated that weak power markets, a considerable debt load and weak cash flows caused it to reduce its capital spending program and to work to secure longer-term financing as a replacement for bank debt. AEGON believes Calpine has a reasonable plan for raising necessary capital through asset sales and non-operating financing activities. The debt securities are in an unrealized loss position of USD 35 million and USD 9 million, respectively. Of the total unrealized loss position, USD 41 million relates to debt securities in an unrealized loss position for more than six months and up to 12 months and USD 3 million relates to debt securities in an unrealized loss position for more than 12 months. AEGON has not taken an impairment on these debt securities because AEGON believes Calpines plans, if executed, should provide adequate liquidity to support these debt obligations until power prices recover. AEGON has the intent and ability to hold these debt securities until recovery or maturity.
AEGON owns debt securities of subsidiaries of Mirant Corporation (Mirant), a merchant energy company with regionally-based businesses in the Americas, Europe and Asia-Pacific regions. AEGON owns USD 42 million and USD 35 million in carrying value of Mirant Americas Generation (MAGI) unsecured debt securities and Mirant Mid-Atlantic (MIRMA) secured lease obligations, respectively. MAGI is a subsidiary of Mirant and holds much of Mirants U.S. generating assets. MAGI owns 12,500 megawatt (MW) of generating capacity. MIRMA is a subsidiary of Mirant and controls nearly 4,300 MW of generating capacity. The debt securities of MAGI and MIRMA are in unrealized loss positions of USD 23 million and USD 11 million, respectively, and have been in an unrealized loss position of six months or less. AEGON believes that MAGI is solvent on a stand-alone basis and that the MAGI debtholders priority claim on the assets is currently sufficient to support a full recovery of its principal and interest. In addition, AEGON believes the plants securing the MIRMA debt securities are currently generating sufficient cash flow to service the MIRMA debt securities and have sufficient value to fully cover the debt securities. Therefore, AEGON has not taken an impairment on either of these debt securities. AEGON has the intent and ability to hold these debt securities until recovery or maturity.
AEGON owns debt securities of direct and indirect subsidiaries of Edison International. AEGON owns USD 58 million in carrying value of Edison Mission Energy (EME) debt securities, USD 25 million in carrying value of Edison Mission Energy Funding debt securities (secured by Homer City Plant), and USD 21 million in carrying value of Midwest Generation debt securities (secured by the Powerton and Joliet plants). EME is a power generator with a portfolio of assets with a net generating capacity of nearly 19,000 MW. EME and other related entities were downgraded by the rating agencies during the fourth quarter of 2002. EMEs financial flexibility was limited by a cash trap in its largest subsidiary, precluding upstreaming dividends to EME, and generally weak power markets. The debt securities are in unrealized loss positions of USD 16 million, USD 5 million and USD 7 million, respectively, and have been in an unrealized loss position for six months or less. Nonetheless, AEGON believes, based on the cash flows from other subsidiaries, that liquidity appears sufficient throughout EMEs capital structure to meet principal and interest payments on its debt securities. Edison Mission Energy Funding and Midwest Generation debt securities are both secured lease obligations whose asset values are currently expected to allow a full recovery and AEGON believes they will remain current on interest and principal payments. For these reasons, AEGON has not taken any impairment on any of these debt securities. AEGON has the intent and ability to hold these debt securities until recovery or maturity.
AEGON owns debt securities of Enron Corp. (Enron) and its subsidiaries. The carrying value of these debt securities is USD 34 million and these debt securities have a principal amount of USD 142 million. In addition, AEGON holds USD 28 million in carrying value of debt securities of an Enron-related blind trust called Osprey. Enron filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy in December 2001. Osprey is an off-balance sheet blind trust owned by Enron and comprising energy-related assets. Osprey debt securities are secured by a subordinated equity interest in the assets of the blind trust. Any deficiency in the equity value to the par value of the outstanding debt
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securities is required to be made up for with Enron stock or with an unsecured claim on the Enron bankruptcy estate. Osprey debt holders are actively pursuing their rights to the assets in the blind trust and are resisting substantive consolidation of their claims in the Enron Chapter 11 proceeding. The unrealized loss position on these debt securities is USD 14 million (Enron debt securities) and USD 11 million (Osprey debt securities). The carrying values of these debt securities reflect impairments taken in 2001 by an amount of USD 90 million and USD 65 million for the Enron debt securities and the Osprey debt securities, respectively. These debt securities have been in an unrealized loss position for more than 12 months. AEGON believes that the current carrying values fairly reflect the amounts expected to be realized on these debt securities. AEGON has the intent and ability to hold these debt securities until recovery.
AEGON owns USD 35 million in carrying value of XCEL Energy Inc. (NRG) senior unsecured debt securities, USD 7 million in carrying value of NRG Northeast Generating LLC (NRG Northeast) secured lease obligations and USD 15 million in carrying value of NRG South Central Generating LLC (NRG South Central) secured lease obligations. NRG is engaged in the merchant power generation business and is a wholly owned subsidiary of Xcel Energy. NRG is an independent power producer in the U.S. and in some other countries. The NRG Northeast debt securities are jointly and severally guaranteed by 11 subsidiaries of NRG with generating assets in New York, Connecticut and Massachusetts. Following a series of downward ratings revisions and associated collateral calls due to ratings triggers, NRGs deteriorating liquidity situation prompted it to begin negotiations with debt holders and lenders in pursuit of a consensual restructuring. The debt securities are in an unrealized loss position of USD 17 million, USD 1 million and USD 6 million, respectively. The NRG senior unsecured debt securities have been in an unrealized loss position for more than six months and up to 12 months. The NRG Northeast debt securities and the NRG South Central debt securities have been in an unrealized loss position for six months or less. The carrying value of the NRG senior unsecured debt securities reflects an impairment to its expected recovery level by an amount of USD 35 million taken in 2002. AEGON believes the collateral value of the NRG Northeast debt securities is currently sufficient to support full recoveries on the NRG Northeast debt securities. NRG South Central debt securities are secured by ownership interests in the Big Cajun generating assets in Louisiana. AEGON believes the collateral value of the NRG South Central debt securities is currently sufficient to support full recoveries on the NRG South Central debt securities. AEGON has the intent and ability to hold these debt securities until recovery or maturity.
AEGON owns USD 45 million in carrying value of Williams Companies, Inc. (Williams) senior unsecured debt securities, USD 41 million in carrying value of the AES Red Oak generating facility debt securities, USD 13 million in carrying value of Texas Gas Transmission Corporation debt securities, USD 12 million in carrying value of Transcontinental Gas Pipe Line Corporation senior unsecured debt securities and USD 6 million in carrying value of Northwest Pipeline Corporation debt securities. Williams transports, manages and markets a variety of energy products, including natural gas, liquid hydrocarbons, petroleum and electricity. The AES Red Oak debt securities are a project finance bond secured by generating assets, with Williams being the counter-party guaranteeing the lease payments. Texas Gas Transmission Corporation and Northwest Pipeline are gas pipeline operating companies. Following a liquidity crisis, Williams announced that it had implemented an asset rationalization program to generate cash and pay down debt. Williams also announced that it had halted activity in its marketing and trading groups in an effort to stabilize its business risk profile and that it had renegotiated its bank lines. The debt securities held by AEGON are in an unrealized loss positions of USD 16 million, USD 11 million, USD 0 million, USD 6 million and USD 1 million, respectively, and have been in an unrealized loss position for six months or less. Based on Williams considerable pipeline assets, AEGON believes Williams and its subsidiaries will remain current on principal and interest payments on their debt securities. AEGON has the intent and ability to hold these debt securities until recovery or maturity.
Transportation: The airline industry was severely impacted by the fallout from September 11 and a continued weak economy. Industry revenues remain depressed due mainly to a continued weak pricing environment. Most major airlines continue to lose money and have shown balance sheet deterioration. An unstable geopolitical environment, especially related to the war with Iraq, makes a quick industry recovery unlikely. AEGON USA lends to this industry almost exclusively on a secured basis. These secured aircraft financings are of two types: Equipment Trust Certificates (ETC) and Enhanced Equipment Trust Certificates
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(EETC). The ETC initially have an 80% loan-to-value ratio and the EETC senior tranches initially have a 40-50% loan-to-value ratio and include a provision for a third party to pay interest for eighteen months after default. In order to lose money on these secured transactions, three things typically must happen: the airline must default, the airline must determine that it will no longer lease the specific aircraft, and the aircraft must be worth less than AEGON USAs loan (losses may also arise in re-negotiation of lease terms if AEGON USA anticipates this chain of events).
Both of the debt securities discussed individually in this sector below are rated below investment grade.
AEGON owns USD 80 million in carrying value of debt securities associated with United Airlines Inc. (UAL). UAL, the second largest airline by revenues in the U.S., filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy on December 9, 2002. A USD 1.5 billion debtor-in-possession financing is being put in place and UAL is projecting that it will emerge from bankruptcy within 18 months. Most of AEGONs exposure comprises both public and private equipment trust certificates (ETCs) and enhanced equipment trust certificates (EETCs), both of which are secured by aircraft. AEGON owns USD 43 million par of EETCs, USD 17 million par of ETCs, USD 14 million par of private lease obligations and an additional USD 6 million in par of private lease obligations of Wilmington Trust. ETCs were one of the first types of secured financing. The initial loan to value on a typical ETC was 80% and the certificate holders have a first security interest in one or a small group of aircraft. EETCs were first utilized in 1994. These certificates are secured by multiple aircraft. The EETCs usually consist of an A tranche certificate, a B tranche certificate, a C tranche certificate and a D tranche certificate. The A tranche certificate normally has an original loan to value around 40%, the B tranche certificate 50% and the C tranche certificate 60%. In the event of a default on an underlying lease, the aircraft would be liquidated and proceeds would go down a waterfall with the A tranche certificates getting paid first. If any money from the aircraft sale were left over, the cash would go to the B tranche certificates, then the C tranche certificates and so on. EETCs also have a liquidity facility that provides for 18 months of interest payments. The aircraft that serve as collateral include large passenger aircraft and popular models that are heavily utilized by numerous operators. These pools of aircraft are well diversified and the majority of AEGON holdings are in higher grade tranches. UAL remains in discussion with its creditors with respect to restructuring lease terms on its aircraft fleet. Debt securities that have not been impaired are secured with aircraft. UAL has not rejected any of the leases and the debt securities are current on principal and interest. AEGON believes that the cash flows generated from the leases exceed the book value of the debt securities. The debt securities held by AEGON are in an unrealized loss position of USD 54 million. Of the total unrealized loss position, USD 20 million relates to debt securities in an unrealized loss position for more than six months and up to 12 months and USD 34 million relates to debt securities in an unrealized loss position for more than 12 months. The carrying value in the UAL debt securities reflects an impairment of USD 2 million taken in 2002 down to expected recovery value, which is the level of expected cash flow. The impairment decisions are based on publicly available information about asset sales, lease payments and claims. AEGON has the intent and ability to hold these debt securities until recovery or maturity.
AEGON owns USD 72 million in carrying value of debt securities of American Air Co. Inc. (AMR). AMR is the largest airline by revenue in the U.S. AMR has encountered difficulties primarily due to problems experienced by the airline industry after September 11, 2001. Costs remain high compared to peers and cash flow generation remains weak. In December, AMR asked unions to forgo wage increases in 2003 and will likely attempt to restructure labor agreements in the future. AEGON owns public and private ETCs and public EETCs. Both ETCs and EETCs are secured by aircraft. AEGON has no unsecured AMR debt securities. The debt securities held by AEGON are in an unrealized loss position of USD 28 million. Of the total unrealized loss position, USD 17 million relates to debt securities in an unrealized loss position for more than six months and up to 12 months and USD 12 million relates to debt securities in an unrealized loss position for more than 12 months. AEGON has not taken an impairment on these debt securities because, based on AMRs cash of USD 2.8 billion in cash and unencumbered assets of USD 4.2 billion, AEGON believes AMRs liquidity should be sufficient in the near-term if there are no major events adversely impacting the airline sector. AEGON has the intent and ability to hold these debt securities until recovery or maturity.
Communications: The communications sector faced a number of challenges in 2002 including over-capacity in the telecom sector leading to downward pricing pressure, weaker demand due to a deteriorating economy,
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technical substitution, liquidity concerns and SEC investigations. In addition, the massive accounting fraud at several companies and the subsequent bankruptcy filings dramatically impacted trading levels for many companies in the communications sector. With the increased emphasis on improving management credibility, controlling costs, generating free cash flow and deleveraging, AEGON USA expects gradually improving credit trends in the communications sector.
Both of the debt securities discussed individually in this sector below are rated below investment grade.
AEGON owns debt securities of subsidiaries of Qwest Communications International Inc. (Qwest), a provider of local telecommunications and related services, wireless services and directory services in a 14-state local service area. AEGON owns USD 49 million, USD 46 million, USD 44 million and USD 27 million in carrying value of debt securities of each of KMC Telecom Holdings, Inc., US West Capital Funding, Inc., US West Communications Group, and LCI International, Inc. In April 2002, the SEC opened a formal investigation into Qwests accounting treatment of certain equipment sales and fiber-optic capacity swaps with other companies. In July 2002, the U.S. Attorneys office in Denver confirmed that it was conducting a criminal probe of Qwest. Both investigations remain open. In August 2002, Qwest announced that it had agreed to sell its directory business for USD 7.05 billion in a two-pronged deal.
These debt securities are in unrealized loss positions of USD 10 million, USD 18 million, USD 8 million and USD 14 million, respectively. The US West Capital Funding, Inc. debt securities and the LCI International, Inc. debt securities have been in an unrealized loss position for more than six months and up to 12 months. The KMC Telecom Holdings, Inc. debt securities and the US West Communications Group debt securities have been in an unrealized loss position for six months or less. An impairment has not been taken on these debt securities, as AEGON believes that all scheduled principal and interest payments will be met, based on continued strong cash flows from the local telephone business and the planned sale of the Dex yellow pages business. AEGON has the intent and ability to hold these debt securities until recovery or maturity.
AEGON owns debt securities of subsidiaries of Charter Communications, Inc. (Charter Communications), a provider of cable television and related services, primarily to residential customers, throughout the United States. AEGON holds USD 45 million in carrying value of debt securities of Charter Communications Holding Company, LLC, USD 35 million in carrying value of debt securities of Charter Communications Operating, LLC and USD 16 million in carrying value of debt securities of Falcon Holding Group, Inc., all of which are subsidiaries of Charter Communications.
Charter Communications has experienced pressure on a number of interrelated issues: SEC investigations into the way Charter Communications accounted for its number of subscribers, disappointing third quarter cash flow, weakness in basic subscribers and changes at the senior management level. The debt securities held by AEGON are in unrealized loss positions of USD 26 million, USD 6 million and USD 3 million, respectively. Of the total unrealized loss position, USD 3 million relates to debt securities in an unrealized loss position for six months or less, USD 11 million relates to debt securities in an unrealized loss position for more than six months and up to 12 months and USD 21 million relates to debt securities in an unrealized loss position for more than 12 months. AEGON has not taken an impairment on these debt securities because the asset value of Charter Communications upgraded network and subscriber base appears sufficient to allow for full recoveries on the debt securities. Charter Communications appears to have adequate liquidity to meet all scheduled principal and interest payments. AEGON has the intent and ability to hold these debt securities until recovery or maturity.
Three additional non investment grade securities that are in sectors not discussed above are discussed individually below:
AEGON owns USD 37 million in carrying value of Petroleum Geo-Services ASA (PGS) senior unsecured debt securities and USD 19 million in carrying value of Oslo Seismic First Mortgage (Oslo Seismic) debt securities, which are issued by a PGS subsidiary. The debt securities are in unrealized loss positions of USD 22 million and USD 9 million, respectively. The PGS senior unsecured debt securities have been in an
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unrealized loss position for more than 12 months and the Oslo Seismic debt securities have been in an unrealized loss position for six months or less. The carrying value of the PGS senior unsecured debt securities reflects an impairment by an amount of USD 10 million taken during 2002. AEGON has not taken an impairment on the Oslo Seismic debt securities as they are secured by two seismic vessels, and AEGON believes the collateral value is sufficient to support full recoveries and that all scheduled principal and interest payments will continue to be met. AEGON has the intent and ability to hold these debt securities until recovery or maturity.
AEGON owns debt securities of subsidiaries of Elan Corporation, plc (Elan) is an Ireland-based specialty pharmaceutical company. AEGON holds USD 70 million in carrying value of debt securities of Elan Pharmaceutical Investments II & III, Ltd. structures, of which Elan is responsible for any deficiencies should the value of the investments in public and private biotech businesses supporting the structure prove insufficient, and USD 35 million in carrying value of Athena Neuroscience Finance, LLC senior unsecured debt securities. Both of the issuers are subsidiaries of Elan. Poor operating performance and a significant drop in value of investments have eroded credit statistics. In addition, Elan announced that its off-balance sheet financing is being investigated by the SEC. A decline in Elans stock price has limited its capital markets access.
Elan has raised cash by selling non-core businesses and concentrating its development efforts. To date, these actions have resulted in a cash position of approximately USD 1 billion that AEGON believes will provide ample liquidity, at least until the middle of 2004. The debt securities have unrealized loss positions of USD 35 million and USD 16 million, respectively, and have been in an unrealized loss position for six months or less. AEGON has not taken an impairment on these debt securities because the current cash position in addition to the existence of other readily saleable businesses and pipeline development products are currently expected to allow Elan to fully meet all scheduled principal and interest payments. AEGON has the intent and ability to hold these debt securities until recovery or maturity.
AEGON owns USD 59 million in carrying value of the Class B tranche debt securities of Airplanes Pass Through Trust. The debt securities represent a beneficial interest in a diversified portfolio of pooled aircraft leases. The rental proceeds from leasing the aircraft are used to pay interest and principal on the debt. There exist two classes of debt securities that are subordinated to AEGONs holdings. Recent difficulties in the global aviation market and a reduction in the value of aircraft have put pressure on lease renewal rates. In addition, because this debt security is not a traded security and is of long duration, the market bids received are heavily discounted due to its uniqueness and illiquidity. The debt securities held by AEGON are in an unrealized loss position of USD 42 million. Of the total unrealized loss, USD 32 million relates to debt securities in an unrealized loss position for six months or less and USD 10 million relates to debt securities in an unrealized loss position for more than 12 months. AEGON has not taken an impairment on these debt securities because, based on collateral values that are provided to the holders of debt certificates, AEGON believes Airplanes Pass Through Trust will meet all scheduled principal and interest payments for the Class B notes. AEGON has the intent and ability to hold these debt securities until recovery or maturity.
Unrealized Loss by Maturity
The table below shows the composition by maturity of all Bonds and Other loans in an unrealized loss position held by AEGON USA at December 31, 2002.
Maturity Level |
Carrying Value of Securities With Gross |
Gross Unrealized Losses |
|||
in millions USD | |||||
One year or less |
606 | (33 | ) | ||
Over 1 thru 5 years |
5,365 | (371 | ) | ||
Over 5 thru 10 years |
5,515 | (549 | ) | ||
Over 10 years |
7,817 | (1,119 | ) | ||
19,303 | (2,072 | ) |
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Unrealized Loss by Credit Quality
The table below shows the composition by credit quality of all Bonds and Other loans in an unrealized loss position held by AEGON USA at December 31, 2002.
Credit quality |
Carrying Value of Securities With Gross |
Gross Unrealized Losses |
|||
in millions USD | |||||
Treasury Agency |
1,332 | (18 | ) | ||
AAA |
2,449 | (49 | ) | ||
AA |
2,733 | (129 | ) | ||
A |
3,914 | (280 | ) | ||
BBB |
5,112 | (559 | ) | ||
BB |
1,437 | (280 | ) | ||
B |
1,206 | (358 | ) | ||
BELOW B |
1,120 | (399 | ) | ||
19,303 | (2,072 | ) |
For clarity purposes, unrealized losses at year-end have been shown in two separate tables. The first table shows the magnitude of unrealized losses that materialized on these securities over various time periods (in millions).
Time Period |
Unrealized Losses |
||
in millions USD | |||
0-6 months |
(1,293 | ) | |
> 6 months to 12 months |
(462 | ) | |
> 12 months |
(317 | ) | |
(2,072 | ) |
In the table above, if a security was in an unrealized loss position 12 months ago of $1 but at December 31, 2002, it was in an unrealized loss position of $10, then $1 would be presented in the greater than 12 month category.
The table below provides the length of time a security has been below cost and the respective unrealized loss at year-end.
Time Period |
Investment Grade Carrying Value |
Below Investment Carrying Value |
Investment Unrealized Loss |
Below Investment Unrealized Loss |
||||||
in millions USD | ||||||||||
0-6 months |
8,940 | 2,065 | (350 | ) | (386 | ) | ||||
> 6 months to 12 months |
2,009 | 897 | (147 | ) | (250 | ) | ||||
> 12 months |
4,591 | 801 | (538 | ) | (401 | ) | ||||
15,540 | 3,763 | (1,035 | ) | (1,037 | ) |
In the table above, if a security was in an unrealized loss position 12 months ago of $1 but at December 31, 2002, it was in an unrealized loss position of $10, then $10 would be presented in the greater than 12 month category.
Asset Backed Securities represent 50% of the $538m of investment grade and 28% of the $401 million of the below investment grade unrealized loss in the greater than 12 month period. These assets are priced similar to
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a forced sale, therefore large discounts are included for liquidity premiums and the uniqueness of each deal. Due to their illiquid nature, these assets are generally bought to hold to maturity. In cases where AEGON USA has not taken an impairment loss, these models indicate full recovery of principal and interest.
Realized gains and losses by AEGON USA in 2002 (representing 71% of the realized gains and 86% of the realized losses of the AEGON Group):
Gross Realized |
Gross Realized Losses |
||||
in millions USD | |||||
Total Bonds and Private Placements/Other Loans |
816 | (1,576 | ) |
The gross realized losses of USD 1,576 million include USD 780 million of bond impairment losses. USD 816 million of gross realized gains and USD 796 million of gross realized losses, related to assets not considered impaired, have been deferred by AEGON USA in accordance with Dutch accounting principles and will be amortized into income over the estimated average remaining maturity term of the investments sold.
The table below provides the length of time the security was below cost prior to the sale and the respective realized loss for assets not considered impaired at December 31, 2002.
Time Period |
0-6 months |
6-12 months |
>12 months |
Total |
||||||||
in million USD | ||||||||||||
Bonds/Other Loans |
(497 | ) | (205 | ) | (94 | ) | (796 | ) |
The fixed maturity securities to which these realized bond impairment losses apply were generally of investment grade quality at the time of purchase, but were subsequently downgraded by rating agencies to below-investment grade. Based upon consideration of all available information certain fixed maturity securities were deemed to be impaired and accordingly they were written down to managements best estimate of their future recoverable value. Impairment losses of USD 564 million, or 72%, were concentrated in asset-backed securities, electric and natural gas, transportation, and communications industries.
Default losses
The composition of our default losses by issuer, according to DAP, for the year ended December 31, 2002 is presented in the table below.
Issuer Name |
Default Loss |
||
in million USD | |||
Worldcom |
(151 | ) | |
NRG Energy |
(50 | ) | |
Other (103 unique issuers) |
(579 | ) | |
Total |
(780 | ) |
Impairment losses for fixed maturity securities were highly concentrated in the Communications sector and in the Electric and Natural Gas sector.
Communications:
In 2002, the Communications sector represented EUR 457 million of the impairment losses. This sector faced a number of challenges in 2002, including overcapacity in the telecom sector leading to downward pricing pressure, weaker demand due to a deteriorating economy, technical substitution, liquidity concerns and SEC investigations. In addition, the massive accounting fraud at several companies and subsequent bankruptcy filings
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dramatically impacted trading levels for many companies in the Communications sector. With the increased emphasis on improving management credibility, controlling costs, generating free cash flow and de-leveraging, AEGON expects to see gradually improving credit trends in the Communications sector.
In 2002, Worldcom accounted for EUR 151 million of the losses in the Communications sector. Worldcoms debt securities were in an unrealized loss position for six months or less before the impairment occurred. After beginning the year 2002 as a highly rated company (A3/BBB+), Worldcom experienced a series of damaging revelations of financial wrongdoings and executive improprieties that ultimately led to the companys filing for Chapter 11. Worldcoms travails began in March with the announcement of an SEC inquiry into a range of accounting practices, as well as the treatment of loans to company officers and directors, most notably to the CEO. In the ensuing months, events quickly progressed to a formal SEC investigation, the resignation of the CEO and the removal and subsequent filing of criminal and SEC charges against several former finance and accounting officers, including the CFO. On June 25th, 2002, the company issued a press release stating its intention to restate financials for 2001 and the first quarter of 2002. The following day, the SEC charged Worldcom with fraud and violation of other federal securities laws. The SEC charges effectively extinguished any hopes the company had for pursuing a refinancing and Worldcom was forced to file for bankruptcy shortly thereafter.
Electric & Natural Gas (Utility):
The Electric & Natural gas sector represented EUR 116 million of the impairment loss. This sector faced a number of significant challenges in recent years including the California energy crisis, the Enron bankruptcy, and the rapid financial deterioration of several leading companies in the energy merchant industry. Bondholders are experiencing extreme volatility as the increased financial and business risk associated with non-regulated activities has led to a substantial number of ratings downgrades. In fact, a majority of energy merchant companies have seen their ratings lowered to below investment grade, reflecting their limited financial flexibility and increased probability of default. These companies are seeking to improve their financial situation primarily through asset sales, and using the proceeds to reduce debt. While de-leveraging is positive from a credit standpoint, the scale, scope and timing of these asset sales will make it difficult to realize the sellers desired value in many cases.
AEGON believes there will be continued volatility in bond values as companies work through their individual restructuring plans. However, companies with solid regulated operations (either electric or natural gas) have exhibited much less volatility due to the protection afforded by state and/or federal regulations. The registrants have taken impairment losses on those companies in this sector that they believe will not be successful in bridging liquidity needs.
In 2002, NRG Energy constituted EUR 50 million of the losses in the Electrical & Natural Gas sector. The NRG senior unsecured bonds were in an unrealized loss position for more than six months and up to 12 months before the impairment occurred. Beginning in February 2002, weak power markets and impending debt maturities prompted Xcel Energy (NRGs parent) to pursue a range of actions designed to streamline NRG Energys operations and improve its liquidity position. Among the actions taken were the infusion of USD 500 million in cash, the completion of a tender offer for the 25% of NRG Energy shares it did not already own, the scaling back of capital expenditures, and the marketing of international and non-core assets. Through the summer, the pace of negotiations and the potential proceeds from asset sales failed to meet the initial expectations of the management. At the same time, ratings downgrades triggered obligations of NRG Energy to post cash collateral. Absent further parent support or asset sale, the company did not possess sufficient liquidity to meet these collateral requirements. In late August, NRG Energy hired restructuring advisors and approached creditors to begin pursuing a consensual restructuring. an involuntary bankruptcy petition was filed in Minnesota on November 23rd, 2002 and remained open pending court consideration at years end. AEGON has been serving on the bondholders creditor committee.
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Mortgage Loans:
The table below summarizes key information on mortgage loans held by AEGON USA and AEGON The Netherlands as at December 31, 2002, representing 99% of the mortgage loans of the AEGON Group.
in millions EUR |
|||
Total Mortgage Loans |
18,434 | ||
Impaired Mortgage Loans (loans subject to any kind of impairment) |
43 | ||
Impaired Mortgage Loans as a Percentage of Total Loans |
0.2 | % | |
Mortgage Loans Two or More Payments Delinquent |
146 | ||
Restructured Loans in Good Standing |
63 | ||
Reserves for Mortgage Loans |
38 |
Indirect return method
AEGON accounts for capital gains and losses on investments in shares and real estate by applying the indirect return method. In the income statement the structural total return on investments in real estate and shares is recognized. The total return includes the direct income (rents and dividends) during the reporting period and an amount of indirect income (capital gains and losses). Under AEGONs accounting policy, unrealized and realized capital gains and losses are recognized in a revaluation reserve (a component of shareholders equity), which is carried on the balance sheet and does not flow directly through the income statement. Unrealized gains and losses on shares and real estate investments are due to changes in stock exchange quotations (if unquoted then at estimated market value) and reappraisal of real estate (at least every five years). The total return on equity investments for a given period is calculated by determining the average of the total historic return yield over the last 30 years and multiplying this average yield by the average value of these investments over the last seven years, adjusted for investment purchases and sales. The indirect income from these investments is then calculated as the difference between the total return and the direct income actually earned in the period. The indirect income is released from the revaluation reserve to the income statement, provided the balance of this account remains positive. In addition, AEGON is required by Dutch law to maintain a minimum reserve. This minimum reserve consists of the unrealized difference between the market value and the cost price of real estate and shares. The revaluation account balance at December 31, 2002 was EUR 2,598 million, consisting of realized gains of EUR 2,056 million and unrealized gains of EUR 542 million. The indirect income included in investment income was EUR 758 million and EUR 723 million for 2002 and 2001, respectively.
With International Accounting Standards (IAS) becoming AEGONs required reporting standard in 2005, it is AEGONs intention to discontinue the indirect return system of accounting for capital gains after 2003. Beginning with the first quarter of 2004 capital gains and losses will be reported as earnings in the income statement when realized. AEGON expects to recognize indirect income in 2003 of approximately EUR 450 million. Any remaining realized portion of the revaluation reserve not recognized in 2003 will be transferred directly the surplus fund at year-end 2003.
Impairment of equity securities
Shares are generally considered to be other than temporarily impaired if the market value is below cost for a period of at least six months.
However, independent third party documentation about the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer are also important factors taken into account. These factors typically require significant management judgement. For equity securities considered to have an other-than-temporary impairment during 2002, a realized loss was recognized. The impairment for the financial year amounted to EUR 1,057 million (2001: EUR 36 million). Within the application of the indirect return method this loss has been recognized in the realized part of
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the revaluation account with offset in the unrealized part of the revaluation account. There was no immediate income impact for the impairment loss. However, the realized part of the revaluation reserve must be positive for an indirect return to be reported.
Some of the equity asset portfolios held by AEGON USA are designated as trading for US GAAP purposes. These investments are carried on the balance sheet at market value and the change in market value is reported in net income. These securities have been excluded from the tables and discussions below.
The composition of equities held in the available for sale portfolio in an unrealized gain and loss status for US GAAP purposes held by AEGON the Netherlands and AEGON USA at December 31, 2002 is presented in the table below:
Cost Basis |
Carrying Value* |
Net Gains/ |
Carrying with Gross Unrealized |
Gross Gains |
Carrying with Gross Unrealized |
Gross Unrealized Losses |
|||||||||
in million EUR | |||||||||||||||
Equities |
3,990 | 4,095 | 105 | 1,867 | 385 | 2,228 | (280 | ) |
* | In every instance where there was a quoted market value for one of these securities, quoted market value was used as carrying value for US GAAP purposes. |
The composition of equities by industry sector in an unrealized loss position held by AEGON the Netherlands and AEGON USA at December 31, 2002 is presented in the table below.
Sector |
Carrying Value of Equities |
Gross Unrealized Loss |
|||
in million EUR | |||||
Information Technology |
66 | (9 | ) | ||
Non-Cyclical Consumer Goods |
829 | (82 | ) | ||
Cyclical Consumer Goods |
61 | (7 | ) | ||
Non-Cyclical Services |
126 | (24 | ) | ||
General Industries |
120 | (20 | ) | ||
Cyclical Services |
257 | (47 | ) | ||
Financials |
488 | (48 | ) | ||
Resources |
74 | (15 | ) | ||
Communications |
25 | (4 | ) | ||
Funds |
47 | (5 | ) | ||
Other |
135 | (19 | ) | ||
Total |
2,228 | (280 | ) |
The table below provides the unrealized loss on equities at December 31, 2002 broken down by the period of time they have been below cost.
Time Period |
0-6 months |
6-12 months |
> 12 months |
Total |
||||||||
in million EUR | ||||||||||||
Equities |
(117 | ) | (133 | ) | (30 | ) | (280 | ) |
As of December 31, 2002, there are EUR 352 million of gross unrealized gains and EUR 256 million of gross unrealized losses in the equity portfolio of AEGON the Netherlands. The following describes securities held by AEGON the Netherlands with an unrealized loss of more than EUR 5 million. None of these securities
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meet the characteristics for impairment taken into account in the impairment procedure. None of the equities in the AEGON USA portfolio are in a loss position of more than USD 5 million.
Rodamco Europe N.V. (Rodamco Europe) is a continental European property ownership and management company. At the end of 2002, AEGON the Netherlands had an unrealized loss of EUR 52.9 million, on an cost basis of EUR 615 million, and equity holdings in Rodamco Europe had been in an unrealized loss position for more than six months and up to 12 months. Shares of Rodamco Europe closed 2002 at a price of EUR 40.25, which was 8.6% below AEGONs cost price of EUR 44.03. Given the amount of money invested in Rodamco Europe, the unrealized loss was significant in euros, but a relatively low percentage of the cost basis. With a dividend yield of more than 6%, compared to a bond yield of 4%, and a property occupancy rate of 96.7%, AEGON the Netherlands believed the value of this holding would recover back to cost within 12 months or less.
At the end of 2002, AEGON the Netherlands had an unrealized loss of EUR 7.1 million on an investment of approximately EUR 30.9 million in Exxon Mobil Corporation (ExxonMobil), which represented a 23.04% fall below cost price, and equity holdings in ExxonMobil had been in an unrealized loss position for more than six months and up to 12 months. The decline in the US dollar during 2002 of 16% contributed to this decline.
ExxonMobil has an excellent record of increasing shareholder value (through share repurchases and dividend increases). At the end of 2002, ExxonMobil was one of the most favored integrated oil stocks by analysts. Based on our strong outlook for ExxonMobil as well as similar positive sentiment from analysts, AEGON the Netherlands expected that it would recover back to cost within 12 months or less.
Pfizer Inc. (Pfizer) is the largest US pharmaceutical company by sales. At the end of 2002, AEGON the Netherlands had an unrealized loss of EUR 8.8 million on a cost basis of EUR 33.4 million, which represents a fall of 26.24% below cost price, and equity holdings in Pfizer had been in an unrealized loss position for more than six months and up to 12 months. The decline in the US dollar during 2002 of 16% contributed to this decline. Pfizers share price suffered in 2002 due to patent expiration and delays in regulatory approvals of new products, but we believe Pfizer has a series of promising products under development. Furthermore, Pfizer announced in 2002 that its acquisition of Pharmacia was expected to be completed in the first quarter of 2003. Based on our strong outlook for Pfizer as well as similar positive sentiment from analysts, AEGON the Netherlands decided to continue to hold this security as an investment with the expectation that it would recover back to cost within 12 months or less.
At the end of 2002, AEGON the Netherlands had an unrealized loss of EUR 6.2 million on securities of American International Group Inc. (AIG) on a cost basis of EUR 21.2 million, which represented a fall of 29.40% below cost price, and equity holdings in AIG had been in an unrealized loss position for more than six months and up to 12 months. The decline in the US dollar during 2002 of 16% contributed to this decline. AIG suffered in 2002 like virtually all insurance and financial companies, when the stock market was nervous about the declines in bond and equity portfolio values and concerned about AIGs aircraft leasing business. AIG wrote down the value of a portion of its holding at the end of 2002, but remains one of the best managed insurance companies, with substantial growth prospects in overseas markets. Based on our strong outlook for AIG as well as similar positive sentiment from analysts, AEGON the Netherlands decided to continue to hold this security as an investment with the expectation that it would recover back to cost within 12 months or less.
The unrealized loss of EUR 5.2 million in the AEGON International SICAV Mix Fund (SICAV Mix Fund) is on a cost basis of EUR 26.4 million and represents a 19.69% decline from the cost basis as of December 31, 2002. At this date, equity holdings in the SICAV Mix Fund had been in an unrealized loss position for more than six months and up to 12 months. The unrealized loss was related predominantly to the equity portion of the mixed fund. This decline was less than the overall decline of the equity markets in the previous 12 to 18 months. The SICAV Mix fund was established at the end of 1995 and had large investment inflows while the stock markets were rising rapidly. Investor interest in the mutual fund slowed substantially when stock markets declined, and there was little opportunity to cost-average with declining stock prices. Based on the outlook for general market improvements for bonds and equities in 2003 and the history of strong performance of this fund, AEGON the Netherlands decided to continue to hold this security as an investment with the expectation that it would recover back to cost within 12 months or less.
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The table below provides the length of time the equities held by AEGON the Netherlands and AEGON USA were below cost prior to the sale and the respective realized loss for the year ended December 31, 2002.
Time Period |
0-6 months |
6-12 months |
>12 months |
Total |
||||||||
in million EUR | ||||||||||||
Equities |
(574 | ) | (227 | ) | (50 | ) | (851 | ) |
Impairment decisions typically require significant management judgment. For equity securities considered to have an other-than-temporary impairment during 2002, a realized loss was recognized. The impairment review process has resulted for the year ended December 31, 2002 in EUR 912 million of impairment charges for AEGON the Netherlands and EUR 145 million of impairment charges for AEGON USA.
Impairment losses under US GAAP for equities were concentrated in the following sectors:
Sector |
Amounts of Impairments | |
in million EUR | ||
Information Technology |
199 | |
Non-Cyclical Consumer Goods |
90 | |
Cyclical Consumer Goods |
35 | |
Financials |
80 | |
General Industrials |
93 | |
Funds |
81 | |
Cyclical Services |
198 | |
Non-Cyclical Services |
156 | |
Other |
125 | |
Total |
1,057 |
The majority of the impairment of equities related to the portfolio of AEGON the Netherlands. Equity impairments occurred in several large companies (companies with large market capitalizations) and also in smaller companies in which AEGON the Netherlands holds large positions (companies in which AEGON the Netherlands owns more than 5% of the outstanding stock). A 5%-ownership fund is maintained whereby special tax advantages are received by AEGON the Netherlands when it holds 5% or more of the outstanding stock of a portfolio company.
Information Technology:
Virtually the entire Information Technology (IT) sector was affected by substantial declines in equity prices throughout 2002. Five equity holdings were responsible for almost 80% of the impairment of AEGONs holdings in the IT sector: PinkRoccade, Microsoft, Cisco, Intel and Newconomy. AEGONs equity holdings in these companies were in an unrealized loss position for more than 12 months before the impairment occurred. The most significant was PinkRoccade, with an impairment of EUR 68 million. Most technology stocks declined from their highs in early 2000, and the largest (and best quality) companies caused some of the largest absolute impairments. The NASDAQ index, a broad measurement of the IT sector, reached 6-year lows in September 2002.
Non-Cyclical Services:
AEGONs share holdings in Ahold, a large food retail and services company in the Netherlands and the U.S., produced an impairment of EUR 99 million (69% of the impairment in the Non-Cyclical Services sector). AEGONs equity holdings in Ahold were in an unrealized loss position for six months or less before the impairment occurred. Concerns about slowing growth rates and market share erosion dragged Aholds share price down in 2002 to EUR 12.10 at year end 2002 (with cost price of EUR 26.15). AEGON holds Ahold in its 5%-ownership fund. Other significant impairments in the Non-Cyclical Services sector are in large market capitalization telecommunications companies such as AT&T, Vodafone, Verizon and Bell South. AEGONs equity holdings in Bell South were in an unrealized loss position for 6 months or less before the impairment occurred. AEGONs equity holdings in AT&T, Vodafone and Verizon were in an unrealized loss position for more than six months and up to 12 months before the impairment occurred. Like IT companies, the share prices
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of telecommunications companies in 2002 continued their slide from record highs in 2000, as the stock markets worried about the ability of the telecommunications companies to service their high debt levels in an environment of stiff price competition.
Cyclical Services:
Four equity holdings were responsible for almost 80% of the impairment of AEGONs holdings in the Cyclical Services sector: Getronics, AOLTimeWarner, Buhrmann and ImTech. AEGONs equity holdings in ImTech were in an unrealized loss position for more than 6 months and up to 12 months before the impairment occurred. AEGONs equity holdings in Getronics, AOLTimeWarner and Buhrmann were in an unrealized loss position for more than 12 months before the impairment occurred. AEGON had large positions in Getronics (EUR 123 million impairment), Buhrmann (EUR 25 million impairment) and Imtech (EUR 13 million impairment), because they comprised part of AEGONs 5%-ownership fund. These three companies all suffered from high debt levels from earlier acquisitions and the general economic slowdown. The impairment of AOLTimeWarner (EUR 17 million impairment) was large because the company was one of the largest market capitalization companies within the Cyclical Services sector. AOLTimeWarners share price fell in 2002, as the markets showed concern for the high debt level and the companys overvalued acquisitions.
General Industrials:
Notable impairments in the General Industrials sector are the holdings of Stork (EUR 35 million impairment), General Electric (EUR 19 million impairment), Micron Technology (EUR 14 million impairment) and Tyco (EUR 7 million impairment). AEGONs equity holdings in Micron Technology and in Tyco were in an unrealized loss position for more than six months and up to 12 months before the impairment occurred. AEGONs equity holdings in General Electric and in Stork were in an unrealized position for more than 12 months before the impairment occurred. Shares in Stork, a Dutch machinery and engineering company, were hit hard by the economic downturn. The General Electric share price fell almost 40% over 2002, as the market showed concerns about the companys future growth rates and the company valuation in light of the economic slowdown. Micron Technology, a computer chip manufacturer, declined in value like all technology companies. Tycos impairment was caused by the discovery of accounting fraud and eventual criminal prosecution of company officials.
Funds:
In order to invest more efficiently in small market capitalization stocks, AEGON had participated in the Scudder DevelAct fund (EUR 81 million impairment) for a number of years. AEGONs equity holdings in the Scudder DevelAct fund were in an unrealized loss position for more than 12 months before the impairment occurred. The fund, focused on investment in small market capitalization growth companies, performed very poorly in the bear market since 2000. AEGON sold its holdings in this fund in the beginning of 2003.
Financials:
The EUR 70 million impairment in the Financials sector is spread fairly evenly among almost two dozen financial companies, predominantly European insurance companies and American investment banks.
European insurance companies saw their shares tumble in response to concerns about their exposure to telecommunications company debt and the decline of their equity portfolio values. American investment banks were affected by the fall-off in mergers and acquisitions and initial public offerings activities.
Non-Cyclical Consumer Goods:
Nutreco (EUR 54 million impairment) is responsible for 79% of the impairment of AEGONs holdings in the Non-Cyclical Consumer Goods sector. AEGON held a large position in this farm fish producer in the AEGON 5%-ownership fund. The share price of Nutreco came under considerable pressure in 2002, as competition from Chilean and Norwegian fish farmers increased. The large market capitalization pharmaceutical company GlaxoSmithKline (EUR 7 million impairment) had the second largest impairment in AEGONs holdings in the Non-Cyclical Consumer Goods sector. The company was adversely affected in 2002 by declines in sales of its antidepressant drug and the invalidation of patents for its Augmentin antibiotic. AEGONs equity holdings in Nutreco and GlaxoSmithKline were in an unrealized loss position for 6 months or less before the impairment occurred.
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Pension expense
We have defined benefit plans and defined contributions plans covering substantially all of our employees. In a number of countries, including the Netherlands, retirement benefits are insured with our life insurance companies based on the appropriate actuarial formulas and assumptions. In other countries, the provisions for pensions are vested in separate legal entities that are not a part of the AEGON Group.
In the Netherlands employees participate in a defined benefit scheme based on average salary and for the part of salaries exceeding a certain level, employees, may opt for a defined contribution scheme. Indexation of vested rights are fully funded yearly and immediately charged to the income statements.
In the United Kingdom benefits are based on past and future service, taking into account future salary and benefit levels as well as estimated inflation in future years. Regular improvements of benefits are allocated to future service years.
In the Other countries pension costs are fully charged to the income statements in the years in which they are earned by the employees.
US GAAP SFAS 87 is applied to our US pension plans. SFAS 87 calculations require several assumptions, including future performance of financial markets, future composition of the work force and best estimates of long-term actuarial assumptions. The expected return on plan assets is calculated using a five-year moving average for the plan assets. In a period of market decline, such as recently experienced, this moving average is higher than the fair value of the assets. The difference between the expected return reflected in the income statements and the actual return on the assets in a certain year is deferred. Deferred gains or losses are amortized to the income statement applying a corridor approach. The corridor is defined as 10% of the greater of the moving average value of the plan assets or the projected benefit obligation. To the extent that the prepaid pension costs at the beginning of the year exceeds the moving average asset value less the pension benefit obligation by more than the 10% corridor, the excess is amortized over the employees average future years of service (approximately seven years). The assumptions are reviewed on an annual basis and changes are made for the following year, if required.
In the United States, the present over-funding of the pension plans and the related interest benefit on pension plan assets cause pension expense to be a credit.
For 2003, AEGON USA will lower the expected long-term rate of return assumption from 9.0% to 8.25%. In 2002, the discount rate was lowered from 7.25% to 6.75%. AEGON USA expects that its pension benefit credit in 2003 will be lower than in 2002 by approximately USD 90 million as a result of these assumption changes and the decline in the moving average of the plan assets. Unless there is a significant recovery in the equity markets in the next few years, the pension benefit credit is expected to continue to decline until the fair value of the plan assets equals or exceeds the moving average.
Pension plan contributions will not be required for AEGON USA in 2003, but will be required for AEGON The Netherlands and AEGON UKs defined benefit plans.
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Results of Operations2002 compared to 2001
Summary
2002 |
2001 |
% change | ||||
in million EUR | ||||||
Income by product segment |
||||||
Traditional life |
1,457 | 1,557 | -6 | |||
Fixed annuities |
174 | 358 | -51 | |||
GICs and funding agreements |
272 | 215 | 27 | |||
Life for account policyholders |
371 | 632 | -41 | |||
Variable annuities |
-462 | 120 | ||||
Fee business |
2 | 94 | -98 | |||
Book profit Mexico |
| 343 | ||||
Total Life insurance |
1,814 | 3,319 | -45 | |||
Accident and health insurance |
278 | 209 | 33 | |||
General insurance |
62 | 67 | -7 | |||
Total insurance activities |
2,154 | 3,595 | -40 | |||
Banking activities |
8 | 45 | -82 | |||
Interest charges and other |
-313 | -397 | -21 | |||
Income before tax |
1,849 | 3,243 | -43 | |||
Corporation tax |
-353 | -918 | -62 | |||
Transamerica Finance Corporation |
51 | 72 | -29 | |||
Net income |
1,547 | 2,397 | -35 | |||
Income geographically |
||||||
Americas |
1,206 | 2,272 | -47 | |||
The Netherlands |
659 | 924 | -29 | |||
United Kingdom |
233 | 372 | -37 | |||
Other countries |
64 | 72 | -11 | |||
Income before tax business units |
2,162 | 3,640 | -41 | |||
Interest charges and other |
-313 | -397 | -21 | |||
Income before tax |
1,849 | 3,243 | -43 | |||
Corporation tax |
-353 | -918 | -62 | |||
Transamerica Finance Corporation |
51 | 72 | -29 | |||
Net income |
1,547 | 2,397 | -35 |
Americas |
The Netherlands |
United Kingdom |
Other countries |
Total | ||||||
amounts in millions EUR | ||||||||||
2002 |
||||||||||
Total life insurance gross premiums |
7,218 | 3,573 | 6,433 | 517 | 17.741 | |||||
Accident and health insurance premiums |
2,608 | 162 | | 78 | 2,848 | |||||
General insurance premiums |
0 | 447 | | 320 | 767 | |||||
Total gross premiums |
9,826 | 4,182 | 6,433 | 915 | 21,356 | |||||
Investment income insurance activities |
7,546 | 1,454 | 176 | 149 | 9,325 | |||||
Income from banking activities |
| 416 | | | 416 | |||||
Total revenues business units |
17,372 | 6,052 | 6,609 | 1,064 | 31,097 | |||||
Income from other activities |
47 | |||||||||
Total revenues |
31,144 | |||||||||
Number of employees, including agents |
15,392 | 3,030 | 6,018 | 2,219 | 26,659 |
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Net income for 2002 of EUR 1,547 million was 35% lower than last year and gross income for 2002 of EUR 1,849 million was 43% lower than last year. Results were adversely affected by additions to the provision for bond defaults (EUR 817 million, an increase of EUR 186 million compared to 2001), accelerated amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs (EUR 450 million) and increased provisions for products with guaranteed minimum benefit (EUR 482 million). Comparison with the prior years result is positively influenced by the additional earnings from acquired J.C. Penney insurance operations (EUR 94 million). The 2001 gain on the sale of operations in Mexico (EUR 343 million) and the loss of earnings on these divested operations (EUR 81 million) negatively influences the comparison with the prior year. Adjusting for the above items, pre-tax earnings would have been marginally higher in 2002 than in 2001. The influence of currency exchange rates on net income was 2%. The strengthening of the euro relative to the US dollar and UK pound throughout 2002 and continuing in 2003 will have a negative impact on the 2003 reported net income of AEGON when converting the activity of operations outside the Netherlands to euros.
Total revenues were 2% lower (1% higher, excluding currency influence) and gross margin was 10% lower (excluding currency influence 6% lower). The decline in gross margin is due primarily to lower investment returns, higher bond default provisions and provisions for guaranteed minimum benefits. Commissions and expenses were 14% above last year (19%, excluding currency influence), which includes the higher DPAC amortization and the expenses of acquired operations. Excluding the acquired operations and the additional DPAC amortization, commissions and expenses were 3% higher.
The effective tax rate for 2002 was 19% compared to 28% for 2001. The lower effective tax rate is largely due to a reduction of the deferred tax liability in the US, lower taxable income relative to tax preferred investments and tax-exempt income in the Netherlands and US and the use of tax losses in the UK. In the United States the reduction in the deferred tax liability and the corresponding reduction in tax expense consisted of a USD 219 million change in estimate as additional information and refinements of prior year deferred tax liability became available during 2002. This was partially offset by the establishment of an additional provision of USD 129 million, including a valuation allowance of USD 85 million for loss carryforwards.
In light of the recent highly volatile financial market environment, we are re-examining our insurance product portfolio and pricing strategies in terms of risk and reward, which may lead to modifications in product benefits and pricing.
Further deterioration in the economic outlook could reduce levels of business activity due to a decline in customer confidence. Reduced equity market and fixed income market returns would impact earnings and capital requirements. Even if equity markets improve it is possible that consumer confidence has been so significantly damaged that the sale of equity-based products may not reach the levels of the late 1990s in the near to medium term.
While difficult to predict, we believe that the difficult credit environment may continue for some time causing default losses to remain at higher than historical levels.
A prolonged low interest environment will gradually reduce reinvestment income over time, potentially compressing spreads on some general account business. In addition, due to current minimum crediting rate guarantee requirements, new individual spread business such as deferred annuities may no longer be feasible to sell. Any sharp movements upward in new money interest rates will place competitive pressure on existing deferred annuity business, potentially causing some spread compression and/ or disintermediation.
The fiscal or other policies adopted by the US, Dutch or UK government or the European Union can affect our business outlook and earnings. We cannot predict the impact or nature of these future changes in policy.
The following selected financial data should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and the related notes to the financial statements in Item 18 of this Annual Report. Our discussion of our full year results for 2002 includes comparative information presented in USD for our results in the Americas and in GBP for our results in the United Kingdom, which management believes is useful to investors because those businesses operate and are managed primarily in those currencies.
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Americas (includes AEGON USA and AEGON Canada)
in million USD |
in million EUR | |||||||||||
2002 |
2001 |
% |
2002 |
2001 |
% | |||||||
Income by product segment |
||||||||||||
Traditional life |
813 | 792 | 3 | 859 | 884 | -3 | ||||||
Fixed annuities |
165 | 321 | -49 | 174 | 358 | -51 | ||||||
GICs and funding agreements |
257 | 193 | 33 | 272 | 215 | 27 | ||||||
Life for account policyholders |
106 | 93 | 14 | 112 | 104 | 8 | ||||||
Variable annuities |
-437 | 107 | -462 | 120 | ||||||||
Fee business |
5 | 74 | -93 | 5 | 83 | -94 | ||||||
Book profit Mexico |
| 307 | | 343 | ||||||||
Life insurance |
909 | 1,887 | -52 | 960 | 2,107 | -54 | ||||||
Accident and health insurance |
233 | 146 | 60 | 246 | 164 | 50 | ||||||
General insurance |
0 | 1 | | 0 | 1 | | ||||||
Income before tax |
1,142 | 2,034 | -44 | 1,206 | 2,272 | -47 | ||||||
Corporation tax |
-226 | -606 | -63 | -239 | -677 | -65 | ||||||
Net income |
916 | 1,428 | -36 | 967 | 1,595 | -39 |
Income before tax
Income before tax of USD 1,142 million declined 44% from 2001, or 34% after adjustment for the USD 307 million gain on sale of the Mexico joint ventures in 2001. Strong institutional spread based product performance and a full year of earnings from the J.C. Penney insurance operations were more than offset by asset default provisions of USD 774 million (an increase of USD 209 million compared to 2001), accelerated variable annuity DPAC amortization of USD 327 million and increased minimum guaranteed benefit reserves of USD 203 million. Invested assets are segmented by product and the higher default losses have impacted all lines of business.
Traditional life products generated income before tax of USD 813 million, an increase of 3% over 2001. These products were negatively impacted by USD 160 million of bond default provisions and lower investment yields. Fixed annuity products generated income before tax of USD 165 million, a decline of 49% from 2001. These products experienced the brunt of bond defaults with USD 401 million. Efforts taken to reduce credit exposure early in the year also reduced investment income causing spreads to narrow, although a lower lapse rate and reduced DPAC amortization provided some positive relief. Fixed annuity interest crediting rates may be adjusted, subject to minimum guarantees, on policy anniversary dates, allowing for improved spreads. GICs and funding agreements generated income before tax of USD 257 million, an increase of 33% from 2001. The investment portfolio for these products utilizes swaps to effectively convert these liabilities to a floating rate. The investment strategy includes primarily floating rate instruments but utilizes a mismatch strategy where the matched assets have a slightly longer (about 1/4 of a year) maturity than the liabilities. This provided increased investment spread during 2002 that helped to offset USD 174 million of default losses on these products. Life for account of policyholders generated USD 106 million of income before tax, an increase of 14% over 2001. The policyholder bears the investment risk while the company earns fees and cost of insurance charges. Variable annuity products generated a loss of USD 437 million before tax compared to income of USD 107 million last year. This loss resulted from the additional DPAC amortization and the provisions for guaranteed minimum benefits discussed previously. Fee business included USD 74 million of income in 2001 from the Mexico joint ventures, which were sold at the end of 2001.
Net income
Net income of USD 916 million reflects a decline of 36% from 2001, or 22% when adjusted for the after-tax gain in 2001 of USD 260 million on the sale of the Mexico joint ventures. The corporate tax provision reflects an
81
effective rate of 20% compared to an effective rate of 28% in 2001, adjusted for the tax impact of the Mexico joint venture sale in 2001. The lower effective tax rate is largely due to a reduction of the deferred tax liability and lower taxable income relative to tax preferred investments and tax-exempt income. The reduction in the deferred tax liability and the corresponding reduction in tax expense consisted of a USD 219 million change in estimate as additional information and refinements of prior year deferred tax liability became available during 2002. This was partially offset by the establishment of an additional provision of USD 129 million, including a valuation allowance of USD 85 million for loss carryforwards.
Revenues
Revenues of USD 16,448 million increased 1% compared to 2001. Life insurance gross premiums of USD 6.8 billion decreased 2%, accident and health insurance premiums of USD 2.5 billion increased 18%, while investment income of USD 7.1 billion decreased 1%. Life general account premiums of USD 5.4 billion increased 4%. Existing distribution channels along with new agency relationships have consistently increased life sales. Life policyholders account premiums of USD 1.4 billion decreased 17% due to lower sales of variable life insurance. A full year of activity from the J.C. Penney insurance operations, acquired in mid 2001, provided the significant increase in accident and health premium. Investment income has been negatively impacted by declining market interest rates and lost income on defaulted assets. The indirect return from equity and real estate investments increased USD 45 million.
Commissions and expenses
Commissions and expenses increased 16% from 2001. Included in the increased expenses was accelerated DPAC amortization of USD 327 million related to variable annuity products and USD 80 million related to fixed annuity products (see Application of Critical Accounting PoliciesDutch Accounting Principles for a detailed discussion of this item). Operating expenses decreased 4% after adjusting for acquired businesses, including the J.C. Penney insurance operations. Leveraging administrative and marketing operations across the organization, such as the creation of AEGON Financial Partners, contributed to the expense improvement. Despite the focus on cost controls, technology investments were maintained to advance service and efficiency as evidenced by the ongoing development of the Enterprise Client System, which provides efficient access to customer accounts.
The gross margin of USD 4,676 million decreased 8% from 2001 or 2% when adjusted for the gain in 2001 on the sale of the Mexico joint ventures. The gross margin is after deduction of benefits to policyholders, technical provisions and the bond default provision, but before deduction of commissions and operating expenses. Aggressive efforts were taken early in 2002 to anticipate problem credits in the bond portfolio, reduce credit limits, and tighten controls. While these actions mitigated the effect of unprecedented levels of corporate bond defaults, elevated losses were nonetheless incurred. Accordingly, USD 774 million was added to the default provision during 2002, while impairments of USD 791 million were charged against existing provisions, leaving a balance at December 31, 2002 of USD 281 million (see Application of Critical Accounting PoliciesDutch Accounting Principles for a detailed discussion of this item).
Production
New life single premium production was about 18% lower in 2002 as compared to 2001 primarily due to lower sales of Bank Owned Life Insurance (BOLI) and Corporate Owned Life Insurance (COLI). The BOLI/COLI insurance was severely affected by negative economic conditions, including low interest rates, and we look for a gradual strengthening of production in 2003. Recurring life premium production increased 4% over 2001 due to solid contributions from multiple sales channels. Deposits into fixed and variable annuity contracts and institutional spread based products (GICs and funding agreements) are recorded directly to the balance sheet as a deposit liability and not reported in revenue. Fixed annuity deposits of USD 7.2 billion reflected an increase of 6% over 2001. The solid increase in fixed annuity product sales was due to continued expansion in the bank sales
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channel and from the combination of poor equity market performance and declining interest rates offered on CDs and other interest bearing deposits. In late 2002 AEGON USA introduced new products with a minimum interest rate guarantee of 2% in any particular year subject to nonforfeiture requirements of earning a cumulative rate of 3% on 90% of the original premium, consistent with many competitors. Institutional spread based deposits decreased 10% from 2001 to USD 9.8 billion, while assets under management increased 5% to USD 26.0 billion reflecting AEGON USAs continued transition to longer-term products. Variable annuity deposits of USD 9.9 billion increased a very strong 67% following a decline in 2001. The continued development of preferred relationships with wire houses, regional brokerage firms and independent producers were the primary contributors to this growth. Beginning in 2003, AEGON USA discontinued offering a minimum income annuitization option; this was a popular feature and is expected to negatively impact new sales of variable annuities.
Off balance sheet products include managed assets such as mutual funds and collective investment trusts and synthetic GICs. Managed asset deposits increased 4% from 2001 to USD 6.6 billion due to strong growth in retirement product sales. Synthetic GIC deposits also increased 4% to USD 12.2 billion as pension plan sponsors preferred stable value alternatives. AEGON USA does not manage the assets underlying a synthetic GIC but receives a fee for providing a guarantee to benefit plan sponsors that it will provide cash advances, to be re-paid with interest, in the event that plan benefit requests exceed plan cash flows.
Other
In the 2003 Budget proposal, President Bush proposed an economic stimulus package to retirement savings. The centerpiece of the stimulus proposal is the elimination of the double taxation on corporate dividends. Both the Bush administration and Congress have expressed concerns regarding the impact of the proposal on variable annuities. The life insurance industry has proposed that dividends in equity securities held in separate accounts flow through to increase the basis in the variable annuity contract. The overall impact of these proposals on AEGON USAs products and corporate tax burden cannot be accurately predicted at this time. Initial legislative language has been introduced to implement certain aspects of the President proposals, which is currently the subject of debate and testimony before Congress. It is too early to predict the final form of the legislation that Congress will pass, if any. The tax legislation could increase or reduce tax-advantages for some of AEGON USAs life insurance and annuity products.
The Netherlands
2002 |
2001 |
% change | ||||
in million EUR | ||||||
Income by product segment |
||||||
Traditional life |
552 | 614 | -10 | |||
Life for account of policyholders |
49 | 192 | -74 | |||
Life insurance |
601 | 806 | -25 | |||
Accident and health insurance |
26 | 36 | -28 | |||
General insurance |
24 | 37 | -35 | |||
Total insurance activities |
651 | 879 | -26 | |||
Banking activities |
8 | 45 | -82 | |||
Income before tax |
659 | 924 | -29 | |||
Corporation tax |
-136 | -228 | -40 | |||
Net income |
523 | 696 | -25 |
Income before tax
Income before tax of EUR 659 million decreased 29% compared to 2001. The depressed equity markets had a significant negative effect on 2002 income before tax and also led to an addition to the provision for guaranteed minimum benefits of EUR 209 million.
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Income before tax from traditional life products decreased 10% from 2001 to EUR 552 million, mainly due to lower interest results, additional write-offs of DPAC because of higher than expected lapses and lower contribution margins as a consequence of lower production.
Income before tax from life for account of policyholders decreased 74% from 2001 to EUR 49 million, reflecting the EUR 209 million strengthening of the provisions for guarantees on unit-linked products, which was partly offset by the EUR 39 profit on the divestiture of the VGGM portfolio (Verzekeringsgroup Gezond en Geestelijke Maatschappelijke Belangena large Dutch pension fund) and the release of a part of the provision for benefit-payment costs.
Income before tax from accident and health insurance decreased 28% from 2001 to EUR 26 million, reflecting negative run-off results on previous underwriting years in the portfolio. During 2002 it was decided to switch from investment in equities to fixed income securities for solvency and asset-liability matching reasons. This had a negative effect on investment income in this product segment.
General insurance income before tax decreased 35% from 2001 to EUR 24 million, mainly due to increased policy claims from the effects of the October storm in the Netherlands, the worst storm in ten years, and a switch from equity investments to fixed income investments resulting in lower investment returns.
Income before tax from banking activities decreased 82% from 2001 to EUR 8 million. The lower results reflect lower production, the lower spread on saving accounts and the addition to the provision for credit risk. AEGONs banking activities consist of saving accounts and share lease products.
Net income
Net income decreased by 25% from 2001 to EUR 523 million, reflecting a reduction in the effective tax rate from 25% to 21% due to the increased share of tax exempt items and indirect return in income before tax.
Revenues
Revenues of EUR 6,052 million in 2002 approximately equalled 2001. Life insurance gross premiums of EUR 3,573 million decreased by 2% from 2001. Single premiums increased by 6% from 2001, despite the divestiture of the VGGM contract, which had a negative effect of EUR 181 million. The increase in 2002 single premiums was primarily from the pension business. Recurring premiums decreased 8% from 2001, as the continuous process of restructuring the Dutch fiscal system caused a large number of customers to pay up their policies or terminate their contracts. Also the austerity of the employees savings scheme by the government, the abolishment of the premium savings scheme by the government and a decline in basic life annuity premiums caused lower sales in 2002 as intermediaries invested primarily in pension products. Premium income in accident and health and general insurance business showed an increase of 11% and 6% from 2001, respectively. Premiums for a broad range of non-life products were increased in 2002 to cover increasing claims. Investment income for insurance activities decreased by 2% from 2001, due primarily to the shift in sales of life insurance products from traditional life to life for account of policyholders, for which investment income is not recognized in this line item. Due to the establishment of AEGON Asset Management as a separate business unit instead of a cost center, the management fees earned in 2002 are presented on a gross basis, which had an effect on Other Income and expenses in 2002 of EUR 60 million. Prior year amounts were relatively small and allocated to the various business units. Revenues from banking activities increased 8% over 2001 to EUR 416 million, due largely to a change in presentation of the results of AEGON Asset Management. In prior years, these results were allocated to various business units whereas this year all results are included in Income from banking activities. Investment income for the account of policyholders represents the change in market value in 2002 of the investments for the account of policyholders.
Commissions and expenses
Commissions and expenses amounted to EUR 666 million, a 20% increase from 2001. This includes EUR 60 million in investment costs that were recognized on a gross instead of a net basis and which were offset by an
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equal amount of revenues. Another portion of the increase resulted from the additional write-off of DPAC caused by higher than expected lapses.
Production
Saving deposits of EUR 3,386 million represent only the incoming cash flow. The balance of the savings deposits was EUR 6.3 billion at December 31, 2002, which was approximately the same as at the end of 2001.
Off balance sheet managed assets produced an inflow in the asset management segment of EUR 1,223 million. The balance at December 31, 2002 amounted to EUR 1,689 million.
Other
On December 23, 2002 AEGON The Netherlands acquired 100% of the shares of TKP Pensioenen B.V (TPG and KPN pension funds), which administers pension schemes of a number of Dutch companies. The consolidation of the acquisition increased total assets by EUR 3 million.
As of January 1, 2002 the effective tax rate in the Netherlands has been lowered from 35% to 34.5%. The minor change had no material impact on liquidity, financial condition or operations.
As discussed above, the austerity of the employees savings scheme, the abolishment of the premium savings scheme and a decline in the tax deductible basic life annuity premiums caused intermediaries to seek temporary safe harbors in pension products. Employers are searching for alternative remuneration systems via additional pension rights on an individual basis. We plan to benefit from strong cooperation between AEGON business units, using each others expertise, to introduce new products to meet customers demands.
United Kingdom
2002 |
2001 |
% |
2002 |
2001 |
% | |||||||
in million GBP | in million EUR | |||||||||||
Income by product segment |
||||||||||||
Traditional life |
12 | 14 | -14 | 19 | 22 | -14 | ||||||
Life for account policyholders |
140 | 215 | -35 | 224 | 346 | -35 | ||||||
Fee business |
-6 | 2 | -10 | 4 | ||||||||
Income before tax |
146 | 231 | -37 | 233 | 372 | -37 | ||||||
Corporation tax |
-34 | -66 | -48 | -55 | -107 | -49 | ||||||
Net income |
112 | 165 | -32 | 178 | 265 | -33 |
Income before tax
Income before tax of GBP 146 million in 2002 decreased 37% compared to 2001. The income before tax in the Traditional life product segment was GBP 12 million in 2002 a decline of 14.3% compared to 2001. Although the movement in profit of GBP 2 million was quite small, there are a number of offsetting items. In particular, we have set up provisions to cover costs associated with the expense management program to cover redundancy and associated costs. The total cost of implementing the program, which is targeted to deliver a significant amount of annualized savings, is budgeted to be GBP 25 million: GBP 18 million relates to the period to December 31, 2002, the remainder will be incurred in 2003. These costs have been largely offset by the release of reserves from certain closed blocks of business.
Income before tax in the Life for account of policyholder product segment was GBP 140 million for 2002 a decline of 35% compared to 2001. The profitability of this product segment is heavily related to the level of the equity markets, as the main source of income is charges on unit-linked business. The significant decline in equity
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markets during 2002 has had a markedly negative effect on earnings. AEGON UK has experienced approximately GBP 40 million of lower income due to lower policy charges, which are directly related to equity market movements. Reserves have been increased to cover mortgage endowment compensation payments associated with shortfalls on policies sold to cover mortgage repayment within our Guardian business unit. During 2002 the Business Change Program (BCP), which involved major systems development was substantially completed, incurring additional costs of GBP 8 million. AEGON UK has also seen lower profits from policy surrenders and from lower initial margins as its amount of stakeholder friendly business increases. Stakeholder friendly business has no exit penalties and lower initial margins.
During 2002 AEGON UK entered into a contract with Merrill Lynch, Baillie Gifford and Deutsche Bank to manage pension funds as part of its external fund links offering. This allows policyholders to access our fund managers in addition to our in-house managers. The contracts have been structured as reinsurance contracts at the request of the three fund managers to allow them to offer stakeholder terms. As these are pension contracts there is no risk transfer. The credit risk is borne by the pension contractholders. There is no income effect from these contracts, but it did result in a GBP 511 million impact on premiums to reinsurers, with an offsetting change in technical provisions.
During 2002 AEGON UK acquired stakes in a number of distribution companies. The increase in income and expenses in the Fee product segment is primarily due to the inclusion of these businesses. The overall reduction to gross income in the fee business segment is primarily due to lower fee income on our asset management products as a result of lower equity markets in 2002.
Net income
Net income for 2002 of GBP 112 million declined 32% compared to 2001. Contributing to the decrease in net income is a reduction in the effective tax rate to 23% from 29% in 2001 due to the utilization of tax losses as a result of a settlement with the UK Inland Revenue in the fourth quarter of 2002.
Revenues
Revenues of GBP 4,152 increased 3% from 2001, primarily due to a 57% increase in premiums from life general account products, although these products only provided about 6% of total premiums in 2002. Investment income of GBP 110 million increased 38% from 2001 due to growth of the general account assets.
Production
AEGON UK experienced a substantial increase in new business in its individual protection business unit (AEGON Individual Protection) with premium income growing from GBP 6 million in 2001 to GBP 23 million in 2002 reflecting the growth in this business line. This business unit was launched in 2001.
AEGON UK has also experienced an increase of GBP 61 million in the premiums on immediate annuities, which arise from the increasing maturity of the Scottish Equitable pension book.
Other
The UK Group has developed strategic plans for its organic growth given the changing regulatory and economic environment in which we operate. If these plans are not in line with market developments or are implemented badly, there could be a negative impact on earnings.
The introduction of the 1% charge cap on Stakeholder pension price (a 1% annual management charge limit aimed at widening the number of individuals with a pension) has reduced gross margins on pension products in the United Kingdom, and although this has substantially been reflected in 2002 trading conditions, it has the potential to further erode gross margins in the future.
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The Financial Services Authority is proposing significant change to the regulation of distribution firms in the United Kingdom, which is currently expected to take effect during 2004. The impact on AEGON UKs business is uncertain at this stage.
New rules on prudential regulation in the United Kingdom will increase the focus on risk management within organizations such as AEGON UK. Failure to demonstrate sound risk management procedures could lead to increased capital requirements from 2005 onwards.
Acquisitions
The UK Group acquired a number of independent financial advisor (IFA) businesses in 2002, the full financial impact of which will only be seen in the 2003 results.
Discontinued Operations
The UK Group administers a closed book of business in respect of the Guardian Royal Exchange business acquired in 1999. There are two uncertainties related to this book of business:
| further change in the approach of regulators to compensation of endowment mortgage customers could negatively impact net income; and |
| failure to manage the run off of the closed book well could lead to increased unit costs and a decline in profitability. |
Other Countries
2002 |
2001 |
% | ||||
in million EUR | ||||||
Income by product segment |
||||||
Traditional life |
27 | 37 | -27 | |||
Life for account of policyholders |
-14 | -10 | -40 | |||
Fee business |
7 | 7 | 0 | |||
Life insurance |
20 | 34 | -41 | |||
Accident and health insurance |
6 | 9 | -33 | |||
General insurance |
38 | 29 | 31 | |||
Income before tax |
64 | 72 | -11 | |||
Corporation tax |
-12 | -11 | 9 | |||
Net income |
52 | 61 | -15 |
Please note that the Other countries segment is accounted for in our financial statements in euros, but the operating results for the individual country units within Other countries are accounted for in, and are discussed below in terms of, local currencies of those country units.
Hungary
Income before tax. ÁB-AEGON reported income before tax of Hungarian Forint (HUF) 14.3 billion for 2002 a decline of 7% compared to 2001. Life income was level with 2001 while non-life income decreased 18%. Income before tax from fee business increased more than 15% (HUF 270 million) from 2001 due to a 26% increase in assets under management to EUR 1.3 billion.
Premiums to reinsurers increased by more than 50% (HUF 600 million) from 2001. Most of the increase relates to the household business due to the unfavorable trends in the international reinsurance markets and the increases in reinsurance premiums following the floods in Hungary in prior years. Non-life claims developed favorably in 2002. ÁB-AEGONs strict underwriting and claim control and the absence of a flood in 2002
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positively impacted results in the household and car insurance business. Non-life technical provisions increased by 5%, partly as a result of a strengthening of technical provisions in household and car insurance businesses.
Higher expenses caused by IT upgrading projects were partly offset by higher premium loadings due to high sales volumes.
Revenues. Total revenues increased by HUF 3.2 billion over 2001. Premium income increased by HUF 2.5 billion from 2001, including HUF 2 billion in life, mainly unit linked products, and HUF 500 million in non-life. The non-life growth was due primarily to a HUF 1.2 billion increase in the household portfolio, partly offset by a HUF 700 million decrease in the car portfolio (Motor Third Party Liability and other motor). The renewed successful product and improved sales efficiency are the main factors in the high performance of the household branch. Investment income grew by almost HUF 500 million despite a 2% decrease in the 12-month Hungarian Treasury coupon rates.
Other. The decelerating Hungarian life insurance market accompanied by the general decline in the investment markets, the steady decline of yields on Hungarian bonds and shares and the rapidly growing non-life market constituted an unfavourable environment for ÁB-AEGON. The adverse trends imposed substantial challenges on all enterprises of the life insurance sector. Although the trends prevailing in the market constituted substantial hindrances to ÁB-AEGONs growth, it retained the strong market-position in the area of regular life sales. Single premiums sales were lower in 2002 than in prior years, but the profit contribution from these products is small.
Successful innovations were introduced in 2002 in both sales and administration/customer service, such as renewed pricing structure, introduction of the franchise system for sales management, reform of the education system for independent agents, claim settlement by telephone, geographic information technology solutions, successful smooth consolidation and insourcing of the Call Center handling questions from customers. A comprehensive modernization of the corporate IT environment also commenced in 2002.
Spain
Income before tax. AEGON Spain reported income before tax of EUR 12 million for 2002 a decrease of 25% compared to 2001. Pre-tax results in the life business showed a loss of EUR 11 million, a decrease of EUR 12 million compared to last year. The main reasons for the decrease are the loss of Moenymaxx because of low production as a result of the current equity market situation and a write-off of unrecoverable DPAC.
General insurance reported a gain of EUR 17 million in 2002 compared to EUR 6 million in 2001, which is mainly due to the very low claim ratio in Motor, Legal Liability and other motor risks. The non-life claims ratio improved in all the lines of business, except in Marine, aviation, transport, which worsened in 2002 due primarily to a coinsurance accepted marine policy already cancelled by AEGON Spain because of the very high claim ratio. The improvement in the non-life claims ratio is primarily due to a decrease in the number of claims. This trend started in 1999, when measures were implemented to improve the quality of the portfolio.
Accident & health reported a pre-tax result of EUR 6 million in 2002, a 33% decline compared to 2001, mainly due to increased expenses and lower investment income in 2002.
Revenues. The uncertain economic climate and the negative performance of the stock markets negatively impacted the sale of unit-linked products. The Traditional life line of business premium suffered from more competitive pricing.
Compared to 2001, life premiums showed a further decrease of EUR 30 million from a single premium pension contract that was reported in 2001.
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Non-life revenues were negatively affected by the cancellation of certain general liability policies where the risks were considered too high. AEGON Spain in 2002 concentrated on personal lines and small companies, while de-emphasizing products whose risks are not considered as strategic. This is the case for Other General Liability and Marine, aviation, transport, which showed decreases in premium income from 2001 of 25% and 42% respectively.
Commissions and expenses. The 2002 results were negatively impacted by EUR 4 million of additional DPAC amortization and by increased marketing costs in connection with the Moneymaxx business.
Taiwan
Income before tax. AEGON Taiwan reported income before taxes of New Taiwan Dollar (NTD) 6.5 million for 2002, its first profitable year since it began operations in 1994, primarily due to the re-pricing of products and higher new business production.
Revenues. Premium income increased 120% to NTD 5,073 million for 2002 compared to NTD 2,302 million for 2001. The acquisition of the AXA Taiwan operations, introduction of new distribution channels (bancassurance and brokers) and launch of new products (investment-linked VUL and 104 whole life) contributed to this tremendous growth. New business premiums increased 229% to NTD 2,595 million in 2002.
Investment income decreased 2.5% to NTD 438 million in 2002, mainly due to declining interest rates and depressed equity markets. Investment assets increased from NTD 10.5 billion in 2001 to NTD 13 billion as of December 31, 2002 but the investment yield of 4.2% in 2002 declined from 6.2% in 2001.
Commissions and expenses. Expenses incurred in 2002 increased 12% to NTD 643 million for 2002 compared with NTD 575 million in 2001. The major reasons for the increase were higher personnel and occupancy expenses due to the integration of the AXA businesses and development of new distribution channels.
Production. Production on a standardized basis increased by 188% mainly due to the launch of new products.
Unconsolidated Group Companies
Transamerica Finance Corporation conducts business in commercial lending, intermodal leasing and real estate information services operations. Due to the dissimilarity between its operations in relation to the operations of AEGON, AEGON considers Transamerica Finance Corporation to be a non-core operation and Transamerica Finance Corporations results are not consolidated.
Results for Transamerica Finance Corporation were USD 48 million (EUR 51 million) as compared to USD 64 million (EUR 72 million) last year. This reflects lower asset balances for 2002 as well as tax benefits and investment gains included in 2001 results, which were non-recurring. The commercial lending units net finance receivable decreased USD 900 million (12%) from 2001, primarily due to the slowdown in the economy which lead to a reduction in customer utilization of available credit lines. The allowance for losses was increased to 2.93% of net finance receivables from 1.93% with the addition primarily related to the aircraft portfolio. Revenues declined 6% in the intermodal leasing unit due to declines in per diem rates for maritime containers and fewer European trailers on-hire. Higher levels of mortgage refinancing activity lead to increased flood certification and property payment and reporting fees for the real estate information services unit.
Investments
AEGON country units are responsible for the management of their own investment portfolios. The asset and liability management policies employed in the units specify the level of risk and exposure that can be assumed by
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the relevant country unit based on changes in interest rates, credit quality, equity markets and exchange rates. Those policies are also monitored at AEGON Group level. During 2003 we will continue the ongoing process of integrating asset and liability risk management with capital management.
In 2002, AEGONs general account investment assets decreased 5.8% from 2001 to EUR 123.1 billion. These assets represent 44.4% of AEGONs total managed assets. On general account assets, AEGON carries the investment risk and earns a spread.
The general account assets in the Americas and the Netherlands represented 97% of AEGONs general account assets at December 31, 2002. The decrease during 2002 was mainly driven by currency exchange rate differences. In local currencies, the general account asset base of AEGON Americas grew 12.5% to USD 109 billion due to strong new production in traditional life products and fixed annuities. In the Netherlands, the total general account asset base decreased by 11.1%, mainly as a result of the decline of a 17.4% decrease in the value of our equity investments in 2002. In 2002, AEGON also rebalanced its portfolio from equities to fixed income investments while increasing slightly the credit quality of the fixed income portfolio despite the further deterioration of credit markets during the year by reinvesting at a slightly higher average credit quality.
Investments for the account of policyholders (34.2% of AEGONs total managed assets at December 31, 2002) decreased by 16.4% in 2002 to EUR 94.7 billion, driven by currency exchange rate changes and declines in equity markets. Strong new production in variable annuities in the Americas of USD 9.9 billion partially offset the impact of equity market declines. On investments for the account of policyholders, the investment risk is generally borne by the policyholders, in certain cases subject to minimum benefit guarantees provided by AEGON, and AEGON earns fee income through policy expense charges. For these investments, the shift toward fixed income allocations already apparent in the past two years continued in 2002, as the allocation in fixed income securities (49%) was brought almost equal to the allocation in equities (51%).
Assets related to banking activities increased 1.7% in 2002 to EUR 7.2 billion.
Off-balance sheet investments (third party asset management, mutual funds and synthetic GICs), on which we also earn fees, represented 18.8% of total managed assets and declined slightly in 2002 to EUR 52 billion as a result of the lower US dollar exchange rate, more than offsetting increased new production in third-party asset management and synthetic GICs.
Certain Effects of US GAAP
A net loss of EUR 2,328 million was reported over 2002 based on US GAAP accounting principles, compared to a net profit of EUR 632 million in 2001. The US GAAP net loss reflects the same financial statement impacts that were previously described on a Dutch accounting basis.
See Note 5 to our consolidated financial statements in Item 18 of this Annual Report for a complete discussion of the differences for net income and shareholders equity under Dutch accounting principles and US GAAP. The most significant differences in 2002 related to the treatment of realized capital gains and losses and goodwill.
Capital losses on shares and real estate realized on a US GAAP basis totalled EUR 1,493 million (including EUR 1,057 million other-than-temporary impairment write downs2001:EUR 36 million) compared to indirect return income of EUR 758 million under Dutch accounting principles. Capital gains (losses) are recognized when they are realized pursuant to US GAAP while the indirect return methodology is applied under Dutch accounting principles. See Application of Critical Accounting PoliciesDutch Accounting Principles.
Goodwill impairment charges are recorded on a US GAAP basis while goodwill is charged off to equity on a Dutch accounting basis at the time of acquisition. A cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle of
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EUR (1,295) million was recorded as of January 1, 2002 from adoption of SFAS 142 Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets (see Note 6 to our consolidated financial statements in Item 18 of this Annual Report for more information on the adoption of SFAS 142). This non-cash goodwill impairment charge related primarily to the Transamerica non-insurance business. Factors resulting in the impairment charge were the down turn in the economic environment, particularly in the technology sector of the commercial lending segment, and increased price competition from other financial institutions. The required annual goodwill impairment test under SFAS 142 was performed in the fourth quarter of 2002 and resulted in an additional goodwill impairment charge of EUR 670 million in the AEGON USA reporting unit. This impairment charge has been reported as a 2002 US GAAP operating expense. The primary factor resulting in the non-cash impairment charge for AEGON USA during the fourth quarter was due to the uncertainty in the current economic environment. The uncertainties include among others a continuation of the low interest rate environment resulting in compressed spreads, reduced expectations for total return rates in equity markets, an uncertain level of defaults in the fixed maturity markets and a reduction in the anticipated new business. In 2001 an amount of EUR 496 million was recorded as goodwill amortization expense.
Application of Critical Accounting PoliciesUS GAAP
Reserve for Guaranteed Minimum Benefits and Amortization of Deferred Policy Acquisition Cost, including value of business acquired
The application of these accounting policies is discussed in Application of Critical Accounting PoliciesDutch Accounting Principles. The primary difference in applying these accounting principles for US GAAP accounting purposes is that for the flexible premium insurance products and investment contracts in the Netherlands and the United Kingdom, an annual unlocking as described for the Americas is performed and the reserves in the United Kingdom are adjusted to equal the contractholder balance. The net impact of these two elements in 2002 was an additional charge of EUR 156 million under US GAAP.
Impairment of debt securities
US GAAP does not provide for a default reserve but rather requires all realized losses including impairments to be recognized in the income statement. The same monitoring practices and evaluation process as described in Application of Critical Accounting PrinciplesDutch Accounting Principles are followed. For US GAAP accounting purposes, however, an impaired debt security is written down to fair value, which is generally based on quoted market value if available, at the time impairment is determined to have occurred. This resulted in an additional write-down for US GAAP accounting purposes of EUR 49 million in 2002.
Impairment of equities
The same monitoring practices and evaluation process as described in Application of Critical Accounting PoliciesDutch Accounting Principles are followed. For US GAAP accounting purposes, however, any realized losses or impairments are reported immediately in the income statement.
Valuation of Fixed Maturity Securities
The book value of non traded securities under DAP was EUR 18.9 billion and the market value was EUR 19.1 billion at December 31, 2002. Private asset-backed securities are priced by outside brokers and private corporates are matrix priced primarily with spreads and interest rates from outside sources. In isolated instances, spreads or prices may be adjusted for credit specific issues. These assets are priced similarly to a forced sale, therefore large discounts are included for liquidity premiums and the uniqueness of each deal.
Preferred shares are valued similarly to private corporate debt securities. The dividend is discounted against the risk free rate (10-year Dutch Government bond reported by Bloomberg) plus a credit spread. The credit
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spread is estimated by the portfolio managers of AEGON the Netherlands on the basis of public loans, the credit rating, time to maturity and sector. For private equity funds, net asset values are provided by fund managers.
Pension expense
Under Dutch accounting principles, SFAS No. 87 as described in Application of Critical Accounting PoliciesDutch accounting principles is applied only to our pension plans in the United States. Under US GAAP, SFAS No. 87 is also applied to our defined benefit pension plans in the Netherlands, the United Kingdom and Other countries, which resulted in an additional charge of EUR 51 million in 2002.
Goodwill
Pursuant to SFAS No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, goodwill is reviewed and tested for impairment under a fair value approach. Goodwill must be tested for impairment at least annually or more frequently as a result of an event or change in circumstances that would indicate an impairment may be necessary. Impairment testing requires the determination of the fair value for each of our identified reporting units. The reporting units identified for AEGON based upon the SFAS No. 142 rules include; AEGON USA, AEGON Canada, AEGON The Netherlands, AEGON UK insurance companies and AEGON UK distribution companies, Other Countries and Transamerica Finance. The fair value of the insurance operations is determined using valuation techniques consistent with market appraisals for insurance companies, a discounted cash flow model requiring assumptions as to a discount rate, the value of existing business and expectations with respect to future growth rates and term. For our non-insurance operations, fair value was determined using a discounted cash flow analysis. The valuation utilized the best available information, including assumptions and projections considered reasonable and supportable by management. The assumptions used in the determination of fair value involve significant judgments and estimates. The discount rates used are believed to represent market discount rates, which would be used to value businesses of similar size and nature.
The goodwill impairments recorded by AEGON in 2002 under US GAAP are discussed in detail in Certain Effects of US GAAP.
Results of Operations2001 compared to 2000
Net income per share increased 12% to EUR 1.76 reflecting the 16% increase in net income and the additional 55 million shares issued to acquire J.C. Penneys direct marketing insurance operations.
Net income from AEGONs major country units, namely the Americas, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom, increased in local currency by 15%, 7%, and 3% respectively. Total gross margin increased by 13%, while commissions and expenses increased by 12%.
Due to increased bond default activity in the United States, EUR 631 million (USD 565 million) was added to the default provisions while impairments totalling EUR 608 million (USD 545 million) were charged against these provisions. The default provision balance at year-end was EUR 338 million (USD 298 million) for the USA investment portfolio.
Net income of EUR 31 million from the divested Labouchere operations was included in the 2000 results.
In previous years, AEGON put a cap of 7% after tax on the indirect return. This cap was removed in 2001.
The effect on net income growth of the J.C. Penneys direct marketing insurance operations acquisition, the removal of the cap on indirect return and currency translation amounts to 4%, 3% and 2% respectively. On net income per share, the effect is 2% each.
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Net income increased 16% to EUR 2,397 million for 2001. The earnings comparison with the prior year has been positively influenced by the additional EUR 132 million of income before tax from the acquired J.C. Penneys direct marketing insurance operations and the EUR 343 million of income before tax (EUR 294 million after tax) from the sale of our joint ventures in Mexico. Earnings were adversely influenced by higher additions to the provisions for default losses, as well as the influence of depressed equity markets on sales, account balances and fees.
Standardized new life production increased 2% for the year, including 17% and 16% increases in the Netherlands and the United Kingdom, respectively. Increased group life market share in the Netherlands and higher group personal pension sales in the United Kingdom contributed to this growth. The Americas new life production was 13% lower due to expected lower term life and institutional single premium sales. The United States, however, reversed this trend and produced a 16% increase in standardized life production in the fourth quarter. Lower traditional life results include EUR 28 million (USD 25 million) of acquired J.C. Penneys direct marketing insurance operations earnings and an addition to the default provision of EUR 174 million for 2001 compared to EUR 19 million for 2000. Total September 11 World Trade Center claims were EUR 34 million (USD 30 million), net of reinsurance.
Life for account of policyholders results reflect higher recurring premium revenues and an increase in in-force business. Earnings also benefited from the positive development of the equity market in the fourth quarter. Improved cost efficiency in the Netherlands also contributed to the earnings increase, while in the United Kingdom a contribution to the earnings increase was attributable to higher surrender charges as individuals reassessed their options for taking retirement income.
Lower fixed annuity results include an addition to the default provision of EUR 256 million for 2001, compared to EUR 30 million for 2000. The addition to the default provision more than offset higher account balance earnings. Deposits almost doubled in the fourth quarter as a result of strong production in the banking channel benefiting from the continued shift to fixed products.
Higher GIC and funding agreement results include an addition to the default provision of EUR 178 million for 2001, compared to EUR 32 million for 2000. The higher addition to the default provision was more than offset by income from higher balances and from increased investment spreads.
Lower variable annuity results are due to lower account balances which reduces fee income and increases amortization of acquisition costs. Variable annuity deposits decreased 28% but were up 12% in the fourth quarter in the United States reflecting strong production from new partnerships with financial institutions. In Canada segregated fund deposits continued to lag last years sales substantially as a result of the depressed equity markets and changes in product design due to regulatory requirements.
Lower income before tax on fee business reflects lower fees on account balances.
Higher accident and health results include EUR 104 million of acquired J.C. Penneys direct marketing insurance operations earnings and an addition to the default provision of EUR 23 million. There was no addition to the default provision in 2000.
Higher income before tax on general insurance was due to favorable claims levels.
Lower income before tax from banking activities was due to depressed equity market performance, lower interest spreads and additional risk provisions. The shift in consumer preference away from equity-linked products continues to drive substantial increases in savings deposits at the expense of investment contract sales.
Reduced interest charges and Other are due to the inclusion of EUR 40 million of profit from run-off UK general insurance, as well as lower interest rates on debt allocated to insurance activities.
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Corporation tax expense decreased to 28% from 29% in the prior year. Higher rates in the Netherlands and United Kingdom were more than offset by a low rate on the gain from the sale of the Mexican operations.
The increase in Transamerica Finance Corporation (TFC) net income is due to inclusion of results for 12 months in 2001 and six months in 2000. Additionally, a lower allocation of interest on debt more than offset the lower net income from operations. TFCs lower operating income is due in part to a lower asset base due to asset sales, lower production of new receivables and increased credit losses.
During 2001, EUR 723 million, including EUR 72 million from removal of the cap, was recognized as indirect return in AEGONs income before tax. This compares with EUR 595 million for the prior year. The revaluation account balance as of December 31, 2001, was EUR 4,640 million, including realized gains of EUR 3,901 million and unrealized gains of EUR 739 million.
The macro-economic factors driving the life and pension markets, such as demographic trends, changes in traditional social security systems and a reaffirmation of the value of insurance protection, continued to create opportunities in 2001, throughout the Group companies. The shift by customers toward more risk-averse fixed return instruments and away from unit-linked products was especially noteworthy. AEGONs well-balanced product portfolio and flexible, responsive marketing enabled it to adjust to and profit from these changes. Similarly, balance and flexibility should allow AEGON to benefit from the underlying growth in life and pension demand, particularly with a return to better economic times.
The direct effects of the September 11 , 2001 attacks on AEGON were limited. Claims on life insurance policies following the attacks in New York and Washington were lower than originally estimated and the effect on earnings is confirmed at EUR 34 million (USD 30 million) net of reinsurance. The secondary effects, most notably the price changes in equity markets following the events, also had a negative impact on AEGON, both on its general account equity investments and on the fee income derived from unit-linked and variable products. Even though the financial markets were closed in the US for several days, AEGONs liquidity position was not substantially affected during the aftermath of the terrorist attacks. AEGONs 2001 balance sheet liquidity is strongly supported by available committed credit lines. In the period shortly after September 11, 2001, AEGON maintained excellent liquidity without accessing liquidity under these committed facilities.
Americas
AEGON Americas maintained its balance and forward momentum in an unsettled market climate. Its group-wide focus on profitable growth, coupled with the acquisition of the J.C. Penney direct marketing insurance operations and the gain on the sale of the Mexico joint ventures, led to double-digit net income growth.
Consistent performance and income was achieved despite a weak economy, declining equity markets and consumer uncertainty over the repeal of an important estate tax law. AEGON was deeply saddened by the tragic events of September 11, but we are thankful not to have lost any of our employees. AEGON USA acted swiftly and responsibly, taking care to verify the safety of its employees and working to ensure continuity of service throughout the market interruption. Financially, we weathered the effects better than many of its peers, due to the fact that AEGON does not offer property and casualty products and insurance and investment losses were moderate. The pre-tax amount reported for all insurance claims, net of reinsurance, was EUR 34 million (USD 30 million), with the majority of claims attributable to reinsurance losses. During the following days and weeks, AEGON USA pulled together to respond to the tragedies in a number of ways, including participating in industry-wide initiatives to assist victims and beneficiaries, reviewing business continuity procedures and strengthening policies protecting workplace security.
Despite these testing circumstances, AEGON USA showed its true resilience thanks to its balanced product offerings and diverse channels of distribution. In 2001 demographic trends continued to drive strong growth in the insurance, savings and pension markets, spurred by additional demand for protection products following the events in the fall.
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After successfully integrating several major acquisitions in recent years, AEGON USAs decentralized operating structure has allowed it to effectively manage the complexity that can often accompany size. Key to its success has been creating an infrastructure that gives distinct business groups the autonomy to fully capitalize on market opportunities and customer needs. To this end, AEGON USA made progress in 2001 expanding its channels of distribution, improving services to customers, and capitalizing on internal synergies. In 2002 AEGON USA will take additional steps to improve its flexibility for growth by streamlining operations and leveraging scale. Overall, AEGONs multi-branded, multi-channel distribution strategy proved well-suited to the volatile environment.
Activities were reorganized into five groups last year:
| Agency; |
| Alternative Markets; |
| Financial Markets; |
| Institutional Products; and |
| Services and Pension. |
Agency Group
Offering a broad range of insurance and investment products through independent agents, financial advisors, marketing companies and registered representatives, the Agency Group and its four divisions continued to be major contributors to revenues. Each channel serves distinct market segments, from home service to high net-worth individuals. Products offered through professional agents and intermediaries remains the Agency Groups dominant method of delivery.
Monumental achieved steady growth and excellent profitability in 2001, reaffirming its role as one of the leaders in the home service market. Known for its operational efficiency, Monumental is now extending this same discipline to the field, where agents are strengthening their sales skills and overall consistency of service.
Strong recruiting and sales efforts in 2001 contributed to solid growth for the Individual Division. The year saw substantial production in its bank and corporate-owned life insurance markets. Transamerica Insurance & Investments Group continues to be a strong contributor to the Agency Groups performance. Sales were positive, and two new variable universal life products were added to its slate of product offerings in 2001.
The Equity Group, suffering its first downturn in variable life sales in over a decade because of the market decline, focused on helping their clientele understand the long-term aspects of their investment options and position their investment strategies to meet their personal financial goals. With markets stabilizing and additional attention directed to marketing priorities in 2002, variable product sales should rebound modestly provided there are no major market disruptions.
Alternative Markets Group
This group is led by AEGON Direct Marketing Services (ADMS), which markets life insurance and supplemental products to consumers through direct channels. The acquisition of J.C. Penneys direct marketing insurance operations in June 2001 has made AEGON USA the largest direct marketing organization of life and supplemental insurance in the United States, with USD 2.3 billion in revenues and 15.5 million customers. Customers who might not be reached through AEGON USAs other channelssuch as the underserved middle market or customers who prefer to buy directcan purchase ADMSs comprehensive product portfolio via direct mail, point of service, the Internet, telemarketing or direct response advertising. Products are marketed through the endorsement of sponsoring organizations, such as financial institutions, associations, credit unions or motor dealers, as well as directly to consumers.
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The Worksite Marketing division enjoyed more of the growth initiated in 2000 with its re-branding as Transamerica Worksite Marketing. This unit offers employees a wide variety of voluntary programs to supplement existing benefits offered through employers.
Financial Markets Group
The Financial Markets Group enjoyed a record year in 2001. Partnerships with large banks through its Transamerica Financial Institutions business unit benefited from conservative investors flight to more guaranteed fixed interest rate annuities. Investor concerns over the equity market also contributed to record sales of structured settlement annuities during the year. Transamerica Capital also bucked the industrys weak equity sales trend in the brokerage channel through strong wholesaling efforts, quality products and a highly recognizable brand. Finally, Transamerica Investment Management realized record sales of its equity funds.
Institutional Products and Services Group
AEGON Institutional Markets enjoyed another year of solid growth, with product balances increasing by 24% over 2000. This business, which provides a range of guaranteed savings and investment products to institutional retirement and savings clients, continued to expand an already diversified product and market base by more than doubling balances in its euro and global medium term note program, as well as adding USD 6.5 billion in fee-based synthetic GICs sold to retirement plans.
Transamerica Reinsurance maintained its strong position in life reinsurance, though this division bore the brunt of the AEGON USAs direct losses from September 11. The years extraordinary circumstances demonstrated Transamerica Reinsurances resilience. AEGON USA quickly adapted standard claims processing procedures to meet exceptional client needs created by the tragic events.
In 2001 Transamerica Reinsurance focused on growth and profitability through product innovation, developing new markets and disciplined risk analysis. During the year, Transamerica Reinsurance advanced a number of initiatives to position it for growth, including web-based distribution capability for private label business needs and an Irish reinsurance facility. Transamerica Reinsurance continued its thoughtful international expansion efforts, opening offices in Santiago, Chile and building its presence in the Asia-Pacific region.
Pension Group
Both Diversified Investment Advisors (DIA), serving medium and large pension sponsors, and Transamerica Retirement Services, serving the smaller corporate market, achieved good results despite the challenges of the volatile equity markets and an unsettled climate. Both are well-positioned to take advantage of the long-term, sustainable growth opportunities in the retirement market. DIA, for example, is one of the few organizations of its kind making the necessary investment in technology to address the growth that lies ahead. This allows DIA to partner with many other distribution channels that have made the decision to outsource their pension activities. New web-based information platforms for personalized advice, including Retiretek, were welcomed by agents, intermediaries and pension plan holders alike.
AEGON USA Investment Management
AEGON USA Investment Management is responsible for managing over 96% of AEGON USAs USD 94.9 billion of invested assets. Bonds constitute the great majority of invested assets. Commercial mortgage loans, alternative investments, and equities comprise the balance.
Despite the high quality investment grade bond portfolio held in the United States, an expected level of credit losses is anticipated and priced for all products. Due to the current poor credit cycle, EUR 631 million (USD 565 million) was added to default provisions during 2001, while impairments totaling EUR 608 million
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(USD 545 million) were charged against these provisions. However, AEGON USA finished the year with less than 0.5% non-performing assets as a percentage of total assets. Moreover, the portfolio achieved a total return of 7.96%, which exceeded comparable benchmarks.
Mexico
AEGONs highly successful joint insurance and pension fund management ventures with Seguros Banamex AEGON and Afore Banamex AEGON came to a close in 2001 following Citigroups acquisition of parent company Grupo Financiero Banamex (Banacci).
At year-end 2001, AEGON agreed to the sale of its 48% partnership interests for USD 1.24 billion, plus USD 40 million in dividends on the companies 2001 profits.
AEGON Canada
Transamerica Life Canada, AEGON Canadas key operating subsidiary, succeeded in maintaining a leadership position in the sales of life insurance and segregated fund products. Through 18,000 independent distributors, representing the largest independent network for the distribution of life and savings products, Transamerica Life Canada performed well and aggressively pursued growth in a challenging marketplace. Product innovation formed the cornerstone of growth in 2001, with the launch of a new universal life product and the introduction of a best-of-breed segregated fund offering.
AEGON Canada fulfilled its growth mandate throughout 2001 with the acquisition of Money Concepts (Canada) Ltd., a financial planning franchisee with 97 offices and 348 franchisees, to expand its distribution capabilities. November 2001 heralded the successful launch of AEGON Dealer Services Canada Inc, a broker-dealer network to bolster the expanded distribution capability of AEGON products and services for distributors across all AEGON Canada businesses. On the investment side, AEGON Canada transformed the investment division of Transamerica Life Canada into AEGON Capital Management Inc, an investment management company positioned to compete in the Canadian marketplace for pension funds, third-party mandates and high net-worth clients.
The Netherlands
The strongest performers were the group pension units, of which Pensioen en Advies, a traditional flagship division, has undergone extensive reorganization and revitalization. As a result of significant improvements in competitiveness and customer service, AEGON The Netherlands is experiencing strong growth and renewals by plan sponsors. More efficient administration and a skilful use of outsourcing have cut-back error rates and response times, while a broad portfolio of supplementary financial and investment products and the support our corporate pension customers receive from Financieel Compleets worksite marketing specialists have all contributed to revenue growth.
On-line information and communications tools, such as Pensioen Kompas, also help group plan members and agents to receive on-the-spot-advice. Facing increasing regulatory and technological burdens, large plan sponsors and industry organizations that have traditionally self-insured and managed their pensions in-house are now looking to AEGON The Netherlands to deliver bundled or unbundled packages, reinforced with individual attention for their employees. These packages, backed by IT resources, are increasingly helping provide self-directed solutions for group plan members.
The individual insurance market, served by AEGON Personal Lines, AEGON Nabestaandenzorg, Spaarbeleg, AXENT/AEGON and Van Nierop, continued to adjust to recent tax reforms. Emphasis has shifted from the more traditional life insurance products to sophisticated products, leading to a series of new product introductions.
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Among the more successful new offerings were a unit-linked mortgage/life product, AEGON Beleggingshypotheek, ToekomstPlan, RenteRetourVliegwiel and long-term investment contracts, which allow customers to acquire a stock portfolio through installment purchasing. Consumers of AEGON Personal Lines products widely demand advice from independent intermediaries. During the first two quarters of the year, activity was somewhat depressed as both customers and agents adjusted to the changes in the tax laws. AEGON The Netherlands cooperated closely to educate agents and intermediaries about newly-introduced products designed to create better futures for customers, within the new taxation framework. As a consequence of the new tax legislation, insurers and intermediaries also had to amend existing policies, a major operation for AEGON The Netherlands that was concluded within a relatively short period. An important innovation was the expanded contribution of Adfis, an internal consultancy providing sophisticated tax and legal advice to distribution partners and high net-worth individuals.
The sales force of N.V.G was merged into AXENT/AEGON. AEGON Nabestaandenzorg is the new unit into which the funeral insurance portfolios of AEGON Personal Lines, N.V.G and AXENT/AEGON will be merged.
Non-life lines, such as the motor portfolio, again produced good profit growth, as the focus on loss prevention and careful risk acceptance continued to pay off. Such strong profit growth is exceptional for this market.
The satellite activities in Germany and Belgium, which both use direct marketing to offer simple variable insurance and savings products under the Moneymaxx name, had contrasting results. While Moneymaxx Germany increased its sales sharply and reinforced its position as one of the top five firms in its segment, Moneymaxx Belgium is re-evaluating its direct marketing strategy.
Preparations for the introduction of the euro were skilfully managed and completed well before the end of the year. This substantial and complex project not only aimed to safeguard business continuity but also to strengthen relationships with independent intermediaries across the country, providing expertise and support. Smooth introduction of the euro within AEGON The Netherlands was achieved thanks to the dedication of all those involved in the implementation project.
The growing appeal of saving was reflected in a 24% increase of entrusted savings at Spaarbeleg Bank that provides customers with a convenient savings system. Another asset-accumulating success was the innovative collaboration with Albert Heijn, the Netherlands leading supermarket chain. Products such as Moneymaxx are ideally suited to web-based distribution and marketing. AEGON The Netherlands resources help establish and develop Moneymaxx activities in a number of countries.
The cost/revenue ratio again improved in 2001, thanks to the streamlining of the back office system, outsourcing and integration of IT and Internet into the business activities of all business units. To help improve efficiency and reduce costs, AEGON The Netherlands business units make increasing use of centralized back-office support for IT, administration and policy issuance.
AEGON Asset Management The Netherlands
In the asset management field AEGON The Netherlands was, like all other investment institutions, affected by depressed equity markets. But its relative performance was strong and AEGON Asset Management The Netherlands continued to increase the volume of internal and third party funds under management. It entered the retail investment market with the launch of six mutual funds. The proven track record of its fixed income department over the years has increasingly become a marketing point with institutions.
AEGON The Netherlands will continue to consolidate common activities on production platforms to achieve cost leadership and improved customer service. IT and on-line services will be standardized and utilized to extend and develop the agent network. Domestically, the product line will be expanded with emphasis on savings, specialized insurance and pension products.
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United Kingdom
AEGON UK performed well in challenging markets. Although there was a decline in asset gathering and though margins were under pressure, profitability remained good.
In 2001, a year of market uncertainty in which the number of major players again declined, the strong reputation of AEGON UKs largest company, Scottish Equitable (with Independent Financial Advisors (IFAs)) bore fruit. With a flight to quality stimulated by some well-publicized insurance failures, and with the stakeholder pensions program off to an uncertain start, Scottish Equitable emerged as just one of a handful of providers in the UK corporate pensions market perceived as offering top quality products and services, a reliable commitment to its business partners and superior financial strength. Scottish Equitables commitment to being at the forefront of industry developments was reinforced when it was one of the first five companies to have succeeded in achieving accreditation under the Association of British Insurers Raising Standards initiativean industry initiative aimed at increasing consumer confidence by addressing the industrys poor image. As Britain enters a period of regulatory change, AEGON UK contributed actively to the ongoing debate about the future shape of the pensions and investment industry.
Scottish Equitable continued to focus on IFAs as its preferred distribution channel for investment and protection sales. Despite a slow start and tight controls on charges, the stakeholder pensions initiative provided a strong stimulus for the group pensions market.
Group risk or employee benefits emerged as an important activity following the integration of the Guardian Employee Benefits business and re-branding under the Scottish Equitable banner. Parallel to the group protection activities, AEGON Individual Protectionselling individual lineswas formed in the beginning of 2001 and achieved early success, with results more than doubling the sales forecast. The objective is to build a top five positioning in this GBP 1 billion a year market segment.
Following the full integration of Guardian, AEGON UK began a process of increased utilization of the low cost administrative capabilities of Lytham St Annes, renaming the unit AEGON UK Services. The complementary business HS Administrative Services, acquired in 2000, is one of the largest third party pension scheme administrators, and opens the door to many new business opportunities for AEGON UK.
Scottish Equitable International, the unit responsible for marketing overseas products to UK customers, experienced a difficult year due to the slowdown in single premium investment products.
AEGON Asset Management UK
With government encouragement, defined benefit plan sponsors began to reduce the traditionally high exposure to equities in favor of more risk-averse assets with higher yields. A surge in pension fund demand for corporate bonds has been fuelled by fears of a slowdown, impending regulation and demographic shifts.
AEGON Asset Management UK won the Fixed Interest Manager of the Year award from a prestigious trade publication. This enhanced its established reputation as a manager of balanced investment mandates. Over 65 professional portfolio managers oversee GBP 33 billion in assets for a variety of institutions and individual investors, a five-fold increase since 1994.
As the regulatory debate concerning pension and regulatory reform moves into higher gear with new proposals to liberalize the way pensions, investments and savings plans are sold in Britain, AEGON UK will continue to work with partners to ensure a healthy industry. AEGON UK will continue to grow and fully integrate the IT-systems to improve efficiency and industry accessibility of services and reduce expenses. As customers and advisors seek out strong, well-capitalized providers in anticipation of these changes, AEGON UK will seek to take full advantage of growth opportunities. Finally, continued focus on cost control during a period of further growth will enhance our cost competitiveness.
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Hungary
In 2001, AEGON Hungary established itself as one of the countrys top sellers of new life policies and delivered good profits growth with the help of its stable, high-quality sales force. As a result of extensive investment and reorganization, AEGON Hungary has now consolidated a dominant market position in both the life and non-life sectors.
In the life sector, production rose as the rationale for private pensions continued to gain wider acceptance despite some backtracking on pension reform by the government. The majority of life sales came through the Composite sales channel, focusing on the mass market.
With variable products selling strongly, AEGON Hungary launched a number of innovative products including a fast-growing endowment-type mortgage. AEGON Hungary is already the countrys largest institutional investor and is, in partnership with a leading Austrian bank, playing an innovative role in local mortgage financing with the provision of tied insurance products. AEGON Hungary is well placed to expand market share in private sector group pensions once there is greater clarity in reforms to the social security system. In the meantime, it continues to acquire group pension customers including the 7,000-person group pension plan of a major European industrial group.
In the non-life sector, AEGON Hungary retained its market-leading position in household insurance, and continued to scale back the motor portfolio to improve returns. Market share in the corporate non-life sector was maintained at nearly 50%.
During 2001, AEGON Hungary took a number of steps to boost profitability, including reducing emphasis on low-margin single premium life and unprofitable general insurance segments.
Notwithstanding substantial flood loss claims in 2001, AEGON Hungary now enjoys a dominant share of insurance industry profits in Hungary. To improve customer service and leverage the high morale and effectiveness of sales staff, the call center was taken in-house after extensive staff retraining.
Spain
AEGON Spains life insurance results declined due to a turbulent year caused by a shifting of assets away from falling equities, results in general and health were good in 2001. All three units continued to focus on portfolio quality, more targeted sales and greater process efficiency. National market coverage was extended using the multi-channel strategy and by focusing on the quality of agent relationships.
As in other markets, unit-linked sales slowed sharply as consumers sought more traditional savings and investment products. This caused a dramatic fall-off in single premium sales volumes, especially through banks, which used the falling stock market to encourage clients to select other investment and savings alternatives. To offset this volume loss, AEGON Spain is emphasizing a targeted sales approach focused on generating recurring premium sales from three market segments: highly-educated urban professionals, owners and employees of small to medium enterprises and on the increasingly prosperous and relatively underserved rural sector.
Non-life activities exceeded the previous years gains, because of revamped property and casualty insurance. Vigorous efforts to improve the motor insurance portfolios quality bore fruit, thanks to process efficiencies and upgraded IT systems. Agents are more accountable for the policies they write and for evaluating risks but they enjoy greater branch support. As a result, handling routine functions at the head office was improved by using powerful IT support.
The health sector yielded good returns, benefiting from cross-selling by general insurance agents. Problems with the state-funded national health program did not, however, make matters easier for the private sector. For this sector to enjoy really rapid growth, tax laws will need to be changed, or compulsory health cover phased out.
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During its first full year, Moneymaxx Spain grew with around 1,000 new contracts per month.
AEGON Spain will focus on educating consumers and growing life insurance sales. Significant energy will again be devoted to improving process efficiency through training and better customer risk profiling for agents. AEGON Spain will continue to support agents and financial advisors as they respond to customer needs for greater flexibility and performance.
Taiwan
AEGON Taiwan, the Groups first greenfield operation in Asia, enjoyed a productive year, increasing scale through organic growth and acquisition, while achieving industry-leading agent productivity.
The productivity of AEGON sales agents was well above the national average, thanks to training and strong back-office support. Operations in Taiwan are growing quickly and expected to move into profit in 2002.
China
Plans to tap the huge potential of mainland Chinas market received a welcome boost on September 25, 2001, when AEGON received an operating license from Chinese government authorities. Subsequently, AEGON is negotiating with a local joint venture partner as a prelude to opening up operations in a leading city within this highly promising new market.
AEGON believes Chinas huge potential can best be realized by mobilizing the resources within the entire Group to create a distinctive offer and build significant market share in what is expected to become a competitive environment.
Unconsolidated Group Companies
Transamerica Finance Corporation is a non-core operation. Management has spent the last year concentrating the business on market segments where there is a clear competency and strategic advantage in terms of market position. Nearly a dozen smaller businesses representing approximately 15% of total assets have been sold or liquidated. The operations are now clearly directed towards three key segments: commercial finance, leasing activities and real estate information services.
During 2001 the operating results were negatively affected by the exiting business lines, the slowing economy and the events of 11 September. However, the remaining clearly focused businesses are expected to profit from fundamental improvements and developments.
Certain Effects of US GAAP
Net income based upon US GAAP accounting principles was EUR 632 million for 2001 compared to EUR 2,716 million for 2000. The decline is mainly caused by realized gains and losses on real estate and shares. In the reconciliation there was a positive effect of EUR 999 million in 2000 compared to a negative effect of EUR 1,160 million in 2001. Included in these numbers is the reversal of the indirect return as well.
The US GAAP earnings for 2001 are EUR 1,765 million lower than those based upon Dutch accounting principles. The most significant differences between earnings based upon Dutch accounting principles and US GAAP accounting principles include: EUR (1,160) million of realized losses on real estate and shares; EUR (496) million of goodwill amortization; and EUR (343) gain on sale of Mexico joint ventures not recognized for US GAAP until 2002. A more complete reconciliation, with explanations of the differences between the accounting policies, can be found in Note 5 to the consolidated financial statements.
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Liquidity and Capital Resources
Capital Management
Shareholders equity was EUR 14,231 million at December 31, 2002 compared to EUR 15,923 million at December 31, 2001, which has been retroactively increased by EUR 631 million for a change in accounting policy under Dutch law. The change in policy is that dividends are no longer accrued until declared. The EUR 1,692 million decrease is primarily due to negative exchange rate differences of EUR 2,100 million, a reduction in the revaluation reserve of EUR 2,042 million, net income after preferred dividend of EUR 1,517 million, dividend payments of EUR 731 million, paid-in capital on preferred stock of EUR 2,064 million contributed on our existing preferred shares by Vereniging AEGON, our largest shareholder, as part of the capital realignment effected in September 2002, and the revaluation of the total return swaps with Vereniging AEGON of minus EUR 318 million. Shareholders equity as a percentage of the capital base increased from 70% at December 31, 2001 to 71% at December 31, 2002.
In September 2002, AEGON effected a non-dilutive capital realignment whereby Vereniging AEGON sold 350 million of the common shares, of which 143.6 million common shares were sold directly by Vereniging AEGON in a secondary offering outside the United States and 206.4 million common shares were purchased by AEGON from Vereniging AEGON. AEGON subsequently sold these common shares in a global offering. The purchase price for the 206,400,000 common shares sold by Vereniging AEGON to AEGON was EUR 2,064 million which amount Vereniging AEGON contributed as additional paid-in capital on AEGONs existing preferred shares, all held by Vereniging AEGON. Through these transactions AEGON was able to raise equity capital without ownership dilution and to increase the free-float of AEGONs common shares substantially.
AEGON is committed to a strategy of continued financial strength as reflected by the development of AEGONs capital base, which has kept leverage within our proscribed tolerances. At December 31, 2002, equity capital represented 71% of our total capital, while senior and dated subordinated debt raised to support insurance operations comprised 19% of our total capital base. The remaining 10% comprised capital securities, consisting primarily of perpetual subordinated securities.
The capital adequacy of our operating units continues to be strong. Although we do not believe this to be a very meaningful measure, capital in our operating units is approximately double the minimum EU capital requirements. However, as the majority of our capital is invested in the United States, we believe local US measures offer a more useful analytical metric. Relative to relevant minimum requirements in the United States, we also hold in excess of twice the minimum required capital. Other indicators we use to assure strong levels of capitalization include capital adequacy models developed by rating agencies.
Liquidity
Liquidity in the insurance industry generally refers to the ability of a company to meet all of its cash requirements with funds provided from normal cash flow from operations. AEGONs net cash provided by operating activities, calculated in accordance with International Accounting Standard 7, for the three years ended December 31, 2002 amounted to EUR 16.4 billion, EUR 19.1 billion and EUR 10.3 billion respectively. Net cash used in investing activities was EUR 16.2 billion, EUR 21.1 billion and EUR 10.1 billion, respectively, while net cash provided by financing activities amounted to EUR 0.5 billion (including the EUR 2,064 million capital contribution from Vereniging AEGON in September 2002), EUR 2.1 billion and minus EUR 0.4 billion, respectively.
Cash flows from operations have been sufficient to fund normal operating needs. Due to continuous positive cash flows, AEGON has never encountered difficulties in arranging desired short-term borrowings. AEGON anticipates that cash flow will continue to be sufficient to service its fixed and other obligations as they become due. When capital market circumstances are attractive, AEGON periodically borrows short term funds to invest in anticipation of premium receipts expected in the near future from interest-sharing policies in order to fix a positive spread between the yield earned on the investment and the interest to be paid on the related policies.
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AEGONs long-term liabilities decreased from EUR 5,084 million at December 31, 2001 to EUR 3,856 million at December 31, 2002. Subordinated loans decreased to EUR 616 million at December 31, 2002 from EUR 670 million at year-end 2001 and capital securities and trust pass-through securities decreased to EUR 2,008 million at December 31, 2002 from EUR 2,101 million at December 31, 2001.
To facilitate the debt funding related to the Transamerica acquisition, AEGON founded AEGON Funding Corp. in 1999 and AEGON Funding Corp. II in 2000. Funding raised by these entities enjoys a full and unconditional guarantee from AEGON N.V. AEGON Funding Corp raises funds through a USD 4.5 billion Global Commercial Paper program. At December 31, 2002 AEGON Funding Corp has issued EUR 2.0 billion under the Commercial Paper program. In addition, AEGON Funding Corp. II issued EUR 350 million of 4.75% Bonds due in 2005.
AEGON has further accessed the capital markets through private placements under its USD 6 billion Euro Medium Term Notes program. A USD 2 billion Euro Commercial Paper Program facilitates access to international and domestic money markets when required. Additionally, AEGON utilizes a USD 300 million US Domestic Commercial Paper program and a CHF (Swiss Franc) 400 million Payment Rights Program. As of December 31, 2002 AEGON N.V. has issued EUR 1.2 billion under the Medium Term Note program (see Note 4.4.6 to the consolidated financial statements in Item 18 of the Annual Report) and EUR 0.4 million under the Commercial Paper program. AEGON maintains back-up credit facilities for outstanding debt under its Commercial Paper programs. Its committed facilities with banks of excellent standing and credit quality exceed USD 3.1 billion. In addition, AEGON enjoys an extensive amount of additional credit lines, while TFC has access to USD 3.25 billion of committed facilities.
AEGONs capital base reflects the capital employed in its core activities. The composition of the capital base was relatively stable during 2002 despite the continued decrease in worldwide equity markets. As a percentage of total capital, shareholdersequity increased to 71% at December 31, 2002 from 70% at December 31, 2001. AEGON will continue to target shareholders equity to be at least 70% of total capital base, while limiting the portion of subordinated and senior debt to 25% of total capital. The remaining portionbetween 5% and 15%consists of capital securities. Additionally, AEGON applies capital adequacy measures for its operating units, which are aimed at maintaining strong capitalization. AEGON remains committed to a strategy that assures continued financial strength. In addition to strong credit ratings, this is reflected in the excellent insurance financial strength ratings assigned by both Standard & Poors and Moodys to the operating units in the United States, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom.
During 2002, Standard and Poors maintained AEGONs ratings at AA level with a negative outlook, while Moodys Investors Service lowered AEGONs long-term credit ratings. AEGONs senior debt is now rated A2 by Moodys and the important financial strength rating of the AEGON USA companies remained unchanged at Aa3 with a stable outlook.
Ratings: |
Standard & Poors |
Moodys | ||
Credit ratings |
||||
Commercial paper |
A-1+ | P-1 | ||
Senior debt |
AA- | A2 | ||
Subordinated debt |
A+ | A3 | ||
Insurance financial strength |
||||
AEGON USA |
AA+ | Aa3 | ||
AEGON The Netherlands |
AA+ | |||
Scottish Equitable |
AA+ | A1 | ||
Outlook |
Negative | Negative |
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Contractual Obligations and Commitments
Payments due by period | ||||||||||
Contractual Obligations |
Total |
Less than 1 year |
1-3 years |
3-5 years |
More than 5 years | |||||
in million EUR | ||||||||||
Long-term debt |
6,480 | 851 | 2,368 | 485 | 2,776 | |||||
Operating leases |
624 | 64 | 114 | 104 | 342 | |||||
Deferred and immediate annuities with and without life contingencies |
27,491 | 683 | 1,365 | 1,295 | 24,148 | |||||
GICs and funding agreements |
23,605 | 4,696 | 6,295 | 4,087 | 8,527 | |||||
Other long term obligations |
214 | 76 | 23 | 23 | 92 | |||||
Total contractual obligations |
58,414 | 6,370 | 10,165 | 5,994 | 35,885 |
A significant portion of operating leases is for agency and administration offices.
Other long-term obligations include contractual obligations for exclusive direct marketing advisory services worldwide, licensing arrangements to access customer information to sell approved products, and obligations to Mutual of New York related to the acquisition of Diversified Investment Advisors.
Payments due by period | ||||||||||
Other Commercial Commitments |
Total |
Less than 1 year |
1-3 years |
3-5 years |
More than 5 years | |||||
in million EUR | ||||||||||
Standby letters of credit |
1,022 | 830 | 143 | 49 | ||||||
Guarantees |
316 | 36 | 43 | 187 | 50 | |||||
Standby repurchase obligations |
2,237 | 2,237 | ||||||||
Other commercial commitments |
955 | 587 | 195 | 18 | 155 | |||||
Total commercial commitments |
4,530 | 3,690 | 381 | 205 | 254 |
A synthetic GIC is an off-balance sheet fee-based product primarily sold to tax qualified plans. The plan sponsor retains ownership and control of the invested assets. It is typically issued with an evergreen maturity and is cancelable by the plan sponsor under certain conditions. AEGON provides book value benefit responsiveness in the event that qualified plan benefit requests exceed plan cash flows. In certain contracts, AEGON agrees to make advances to meet benefit payment needs and earns a market interest rate on these advances. At December 31, 2002, synthetic GICs have been issued on EUR 32 billion of off-balance sheet assets. Funding requirements to date have been minimal. In addition, periodically adjusting the contract-crediting rate passes through the investment and benefit responsive experience. In addition, AEGON has the option to wind down the contract at any time, so management does not anticipate any future funding requirements that would have a material effect on reported financial results. Therefore, these are not disclosed in the above table.
A significant portion of the guarantees represent an agreement with a hedge fund of funds manager to pay 50% of the excess of the amount of principal protection over the value of the hedge fund assets at the maturity of the principal protection instrument. The underlying fund portfolios are restricted as to investment instruments held and are required, through monitoring and triggers, to replace the assets with fixed income instruments in order to defease the principal protection liability. Management does not anticipate any future funding requirements with respect to the principal protection that would have a material effect on reported financial results.
Standby letters of credit payment amounts reflected above are the liquidity commitment notional amounts categorized by their relevant expiration period. AEGON enters into agreements to provide liquidity for high quality multi-seller asset backed commercial paper conduits and municipal variable rate demand note facilities.
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Management does not anticipate any future funding requirements that would have a material effect on reported financial results.
Other commercial commitments include private placement commitments, mortgage loan commitments, and limited partnership commitments.
Certain insurance and investment products have minimum guarantees for which adequate provision has been made in the technical reserves and therefore are not included in the above table.
AEGON has also guaranteed certain credit lines and commercial paper of Transamerica Finance Corporation. These guarantees are not included in the above table. Transamerica Finance Corporation had Euro 2,144 million in commercial paper outstanding at December 31, 2002.
AEGON USA utilizes a special purpose entity (SPE) for the issuance of asset backed commercial paper rated A-1+/P-1. The current program has a USD 2 billion cap (USD 300 million outstanding at December 31, 2002) and is supported by funding agreements with a 365-day put option. The program has a USD 1,500 million liquidity facility backstop with a consortium of banks.
AEGON Levensverzekering N.V. completed two private placed securitisation programmes in 2002 whereby the economical ownership of in total EUR 1.7 billion of mortgage receivables is conveyed to third parties. The transfer of the ownership title will take place upon notification of the borrowers by either AEGON or the third parties. The third parties have the right to notify the borrowers upon the occurrence of certain pre-defined notification events. A first preferred silent right of pledge on the mortgage receivables has been given to the third parties. At the same time AEGON entered into a fixed-floating swap agreement with the contract parties under which AEGON agreed to pay the floating rate (EURIBOR based) and receive the fixed rate (scheduled yield from the mortgage receivables). Under both programmes AEGON has the right to repurchase all of the mortgage receivables at a price equal to the then current portfolio market value of the receivables provided that AEGON simultaneously terminates the swap upon payment of the market value of the swap. For one programme that right exists for the remainder of the term. The other programme only allows AEGON to repurchase the receivables between March 2003 and September 2003. There was no impact on the income statement from the transaction since the gain on the transaction, being the positive difference between the market value and the book value of the mortgage loans was equal to the amount paid by AEGON Levensverzekering N.V. for the swap. The gain on the transaction was deferred in accordance with DAP and the swap is valued at market value.
Subsequent Events
In January and February 2003, AEGON and certain (former) members of the Executive Board and directors were named in a series of similar class action complaints filed in US federal court alleging various violations of US securities laws involving the issuance of false and misleading statements during the period between August 9, 2001 and July 22, 2002, when AEGON issued an update to its earnings guidance for 2002. AEGON believes these allegations are without merit and intends to defend vigorously against these actions. AEGON does not believe that these claims, either individually or in the aggregate, will result in a material adverse effect on its financial condition or results of operations.
On February 24, 2003, a proposal of law has been submitted to Dutch Parliament regarding changes in the rules for financial reporting of insurance companies. One element of this proposal might necessitate, if and when adopted, AEGON to discontinue the indirect return method for capital gains prior to the reporting year 2004.
On April 17, 2003, AEGONs Supervisory Board approved certain changes to AEGONs corporate governance with the purpose to modernize AEGONs corporate governance structure and to give more authority to AEGONs shareholders. For more information on this amendment, see Item 4. Information on the CompanyRecent Developments and Capital Expenditures and Divestments and Item 6. Directors, Senior Management and EmployeesEffect of Certain Amendments of AEGONs Articles of Incorporation.
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On April 17, 2003 AEGONs Supervisory Board appointed Mr. Alexander R. Wynaendts as a member of AEGONs Executive Board. He is responsible for business development and Asia.
ITEM 6. DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEES
Dutch Large Company Regime
Since AEGON was formed through the merger between AGO Holding N.V. and Ennia N.V. in 1983, it has applied the so-called large company regime. This regime was introduced in Dutch corporate law in the early nineteen seventies to apply to large companies in the Netherlands. The main characteristic of the large company regime is that certain authority normally vested with shareholders is vested with the Supervisory Board. The Supervisory Board has the right to appoint and remove its own members and the members of the Executive Board, and to adopt the annual accounts (which are subsequently approved by the General Meeting of Shareholders).
Although in 1983 AEGON already had businesses outside the Netherlands, it was largely a Dutch company at that time, for which the large company regime was appropriate. During the past twenty years AEGON has developed into a leading global life insurance provider, with well over 60% of its activities outside the Netherlands and more than 85% of its employees working outside the Netherlands. Therefore, AEGON has considered whether the large company regime is still appropriate to it.
Following internal discussions, AEGON has decided to adopt a number of changes to its corporate governance with the purpose to modernize AEGONs corporate governance structure and to give more authority to shareholders. AEGON believes these changes to be consistent with emerging global best practices in corporate governance.
Supervisory Board
In the performance of their duties, the members of the Supervisory Board under the large company regime shall follow the interests of the company and its business. The Supervisory Board consists of ten members and acts as a body with collective responsibility and accountability. Under the large company regime, the members of the Board are (re)appointed by the Board itself, each time for a term of office of four years. They must retire at the latest at the conclusion of the Annual General Meeting of Shareholders (AGM) in the year in which they reach the age of 70 years. Shareholders, the Central Works Council in the Netherlands (CWC) and the Executive Board have the legal right to recommend candidates for the Supervisory Board. Moreover, shareholders and the CWC have the legal right to object to any candidate. The requirements, which the composition of the Board and the individual members have to meet, are outlined in the Profile. This Profile is available for shareholders at the secretariat of the Executive Board. According to the Profile, a total of ten Supervisory Board members is considered to be a suitable number, considering that the Executive Board is composed of four to five members; only one of the Supervisory Board members may be a former member of the Executive Board and Supervisory Board members may not be dependent on any interests associated with the company and must fulfill their duties without mandate. (Re)Appointments have to be prepared and advised on by the Nominating Committee. Supervisory Board members are entitled to a fixed fee and an expense allowance. Under the large company regime, the Supervisory Board is the body that is authorized to appoint or discharge members of the Executive Board and to adopt the annual accounts. Moreover, certain important Executive Board resolutions, among which those concerning securities issues, are subject to the approval of the Supervisory Board. Rules and Regulations have been adopted, for internal use, in which procedures and the Boards duties, activities and allocation of tasks are laid down.
Certain changes to the role and authority of the Supervisory Board have been adopted in an extraordinary general meeting of shareholders on May 9, 2003. See Effect of Certain Amendments to AEGONs Articles of Incorporation below.
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Executive Board
The Executive Board, as a body, is charged with the management of the company, whereby each individual member has specific areas of interest, within an allocation of duties as approved by the Supervisory Board. In principle, Executive Board members will be appointed for an indefinite period of time and shareholders have to be informed of an intended appointment. They can retire at the age of 60 and have to retire at the age of 62. The Supervisory Board determines the conditions of employment.
Certain changes to the role and authority of the Executive Board have been adopted in an extraordinary general meeting of shareholders on May 9, 2003. See Effect of Certain Amendments to AEGONs Articles of Incorporation below.
Effect of Certain Amendments to AEGONs Articles of Incorporation
The amendments to AEGONs Articles of Incorporation, as effected on May 26, 2003, affect the management of and supervision over AEGON in the following ways:
Appointment of members of the Supervisory Board and of the Executive Board
As stated above, under the large company regime as formerly applied by us, Supervisory Board members are appointed by the Supervisory Board itself and involuntary removal of members of the Supervisory Board requires court intervention, while members of the Executive Board are both appointed and removed by the Supervisory Board.
Under AEGONs Articles of Incorporation, as amended, members of both the Supervisory Board and the Executive Board are appointed, and can only be removed, by the general meeting of shareholders. The amendment also provides that if a seat on the Supervisory Board or the Executive Board is vacant, the Supervisory Board will nominate one or more candidates for appointment. If the nomination consists of a list of two or more candidates, such list shall be binding. A resolution of the general meeting of shareholders to appoint a person who has not been nominated by a binding recommendation of the Supervisory Board or to suspend or remove a member of the Supervisory Board or of the Executive Board other than pursuant to proposal of the Supervisory Board will require a two-thirds majority representing more than one-half of AEGONs issued share capital.
The period for which Supervisory Board members are appointed remains four years without prejudice to the opportunity for re-appointment.
Approval of certain resolutions of the Executive Board
As stated above, under the large company regime as formerly applied by us, a number of resolutions of the Executive Board are subject by law to the approval of the Supervisory Board. As a consequence of the termination of the application of the large company regime, this statutory requirement does no longer apply to AEGON. Under the Articles of Incorporation as amended, however, the resolutions concerned remain subject to the approval of the Supervisory Board. In addition, the Supervisory Board is given the authority to require Supervisory Board approval for other resolutions of the Executive Board.
Adoption of the annual accounts
As stated above, under the large company regime as formerly applied by us, annual accounts are adopted by the Supervisory Board and approved by the general meeting of shareholders. Following our termination of the application of the large company regime, the annual accounts are adopted directly by the general meeting of shareholders.
Set forth below is certain information concerning the members of AEGONs Executive and Supervisory Boards.
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Executive Board
Donald J. Shepard (American), 56, started his career with Life Investors in 1970. Serving in various management and executive functions with Life Investors, he became Executive Vice-President and Chief Operating Officer in 1985, a position he held until AEGON consolidated its other US operations with Life Investors to form AEGON USA in 1989. He became a member of the Executive Board in 1992. As per 18 April 2002 he became Chairman of the Executive Board of AEGON N.V.
Paul van de Geijn (Dutch), 56, started his career at one of AEGONs predecessors in 1971 at the legal department. In 1984 he became Senior Vice-President and in 1986 a member of the Management Board of AEGON The Netherlands. From 1991 till 2002 he was the CEO. As from 1992 he became also a member of the Executive Board of AEGON N.V.
Joseph B.M. Streppel (Dutch), 53, started his career in 1973 at one of AEGONs predecessors in several treasury and investment positions. In 1986 he became CFO of FGH Bank and in 1987 he joined the Executive Board of FGH Bank. In 1991 he became CEO and Chairman of Labouchere and in 1995 also of FGH Bank. In 1998 he became CFO of AEGON N.V. Since May 2000 he has been a member of the Executive Board of AEGON N.V.
Johan G. van der Werf (Dutch), 50, started his career in 1973 as a First Officer in the Merchant Marine. In 1981 he joined one of the predecessors of AEGON as a district sales manager. From 1987 till 1992 he was chairman of the management team of Spaarbeleg and in 1992 he became a member of the management board of AEGON The Netherlands. As from 2002 he is a member of the Executive Board of AEGON N.V. and CEO of AEGON The Netherlands.
Alexander R. Wynaendts, 42, joined the Executive Board of AEGON N.V. on April 17, 2003. He began his career with AEGON in 1997 and was appointed Executive Vice-President of Group Business Development in 1998. In the Executive Board he will be responsible for business development and Asia. He will continue his memberships of the Boards of AEGON UK and La Mondiale Participations and of the Supervisory Boards of AEGON Hungary and AEGON Spain.
In line with current market practice the members of the Executive Board under circumstances are entitled to certain severance payments. These payments are either based on age and years of employment with the Company or fixed to an amount not exceeding three years remuneration upon termination of the employment agreement under certain specific circumstances, such as a change of control, a fundamental change in policy or early retirement upon reaching the age of 60.
Ownership of AEGON Common Shares
At March 15, 2003, members of the Executive Board held an aggregate number of 619,814 AEGON common shares and 2,036,000 options and stock appreciation rights on AEGON common shares (for further information see Note 2.7. to our consolidated financial statements in Item 18 of this Annual Report).
Supervisory Board
Mr. D.G. Eustace (1936), British nationality, is Chairman of Smith & Nephew plc (London, UK) and former Vice-Chairman of Royal Philips Electronics. He was appointed in 1997. He is also a member of the Supervisory Boards of a number of Dutch companies, among which Royal KLM and Royal KPN. He is the Chairman of the Audit Committee.
Mr. O.J. Olcay (1936), American nationality, is Vice-Chairman and managing Director of Fischer, Francis, Trees and Watts, Inc. (New York, USA). He was appointed in 1993; his current term of office will end in 2004. He is Chairman of FFTW Funds Inc. in New York (USA), FFTW Funds Selection in Luxembourg and FFTW Funds in Dublin (Ireland). He is a member of the Nominating and Strategy Committees.
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Mrs. K.M.H. Peijs (1944), Dutch nationality, is a member of the European Parliament. She was appointed in 1992; her current term will end in 2004. She is also a Supervisory Board member of, among others, Royal Vendex KBB and Daimler Chrysler Nederland. She is a member of the Nominating Committee. On May 27, 2003, Mrs. Peijs resigned as a member of the Supervisory Board upon her appointment as Minister of Transport and Water Management in the Dutch Government.
Mr. G.A. Posthumus (1933), Dutch nationality, is a member of the Council of State in the Netherlands. He was appointed in 1997 and will retire in 2003, then having reached the retirement age of 70. He is also a former member of the Executive Board of IMF. He is a member of the Audit Committee. In order to fill the vacancy following his retirement from the Board, the Supervisory Board intends to appoint Mr. L.M. van Wijk (see details below).
Mrs. T. Rembe (1936), American nationality, is a partner of Pillsbury Winthrop LLP (San Francisco, USA). She was appointed in 2000; her current term will end in 2004. She is a member of the Board of Directors of Potlach Corporation (USA) and SBC Communications (USA). She is a member of the Audit Committee.
Mr. H. de Ruiter (1934), Vice-Chairman and Dutch nationality, is a retired Managing Director of Royal Dutch Petroleum Company and Group managing director of Royal Dutch/Shell group of Companies. He was appointed in 1993; he will retire in 2004, then having reached the retirement age of 70. He is a member of the Supervisory Boards of a number of Dutch companies, among which Royal Dutch Petroleum Company, Royal Ahold, Wolters Kluwer and Univar N.V He is also a member of the Executive Committee of Vereniging AEGON and of Trust offices on behalf of some Dutch companies. He is a member of the Audit, Compensation, Nominating and Strategy Committees.
Mr. W.F.C. Stevens (1938), Dutch nationality, is a senator in the Dutch Parliament and a retired partner/senior counsel of Baker & McKenzie. He was appointed in 1997; his current term will end in 2005. He is a member of the Supervisory Boards of a number of Dutch companies, among which NIB Capital, Schiphol Groep and TBI Holdings. He is a member of the Compensation Committee.
Mr. K.J. Storm (1942), Dutch nationality, is a former Chairman of the Executive Board of AEGON. He was appointed in 2002; his current term will end in 2006. He is a Chairman of the Supervisory Boards of Royal Wessanen and Laurus and a member of the Supervisory Boards of Interbrew (Leuven, Belgium), Royal KLM and Pon Holdings.
Mr. M. Tabaksblat (1937), Chairman and Dutch nationality, is Chairman of Reed Elsevier plc and a retired Chairman and CEO of Unilever. He was appointed in 1990; his current term will end in 2005. He is also Chairman of the Supervisory Board of TNT Post Group and a member of the International Advisory Boards of Salomon Smith Barney (USA) and Renault Nissan (France). He is also a member of the Executive Committee of Vereniging AEGON. He is the Chairman of the Compensation, Nominating and the Strategy Committees.
Mr. F.J. de Wit (1939), Dutch nationality, is a former Chairman of the Executive Board of Koninklijke KNP BT. He was appointed in 1990; his current term will end in 2004. He is also a member of the Supervisory Boards of Océ and PontEecen. He is a member of the Compensation and Strategy Committees.
The Supervisory Board appointed Mr. L.M. van Wijk to the Supervisory Board as of the Annual General Meeting of Shareholders held on April 17, 2003. Mr. L.M. van Wijk, 56, of Dutch nationality, is chairman of the Executive Board of Royal Dutch Airlines (KLM) and a member of the Board of Directors of Northwest Airlines. He is also a member of the Supervisory Boards of Randstad Holding, Martinair, TUI Nederland and the Dutch Bureau of Tourism (Nederlands Bureau voor Toerisme).
Ownership of AEGON N.V. shares
At March 15, 2003, members of our Supervisory Board held an aggregate of 282,764 of our common shares. In addition, Mr. K.J. Storm held 700,000 stock options, including stock appreciation rights, at March 15, 2003.
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These options were granted to Mr. Storm during his membership on our Executive Board. No other Supervisory Board member holds any options, including stock appreciation rights, on AEGON common shares (for further information, see note 2.7 to our consolidated financial statements in Item 18 of this Annual Report).
Supervisory Board Committees
Audit Committee
The Audit Committee held four meetings in 2002. All Executive Board members, the directors of AEGONs Group Finance and the Corporate Actuarial departments and Ernst & Young, AEGONs external auditor, attended the meetings of the Audit Committee. The Audit Committee operates pursuant to a charter approved by the Supervisory Board and in compliance with the rules and regulations of Euronext Amsterdam, the New York Stock Exchange and any implementing rules of relevant supervisory authorities.
Pursuant to its charter, the Audit Committee is responsible, among other things, for reviewing AEGONs quarterly results, annual accounts and the auditing of the results and annual accounts by AEGONs external auditor; evaluating AEGONs internal control systems and its selected accounting principles; reviewing the actuarial analyses, Funding Plan, Currency Exposure report and Group Wide Risk Report prepared by AEGON; assessing the independence and fees, and advising on the appointment, of AEGONs external auditor; and advising the Supervisory Board on its findings with respect to the foregoing.
Mr. Eustace, as chairman, Messrs. De Ruiter and Posthumus and Mrs. Rembe served as members of the Audit Committee in 2002. Under its charter, all members of the Audit Committee must be financially literate.
The Supervisory Board is currently considering for adoption a revised Audit Committee charter in view of the proposed SEC rules.
Compensation Committee
The Compensation Committee held one meeting in 2002, which meeting was also attended by the chairman of the Executive Board. The Compensation Committee is responsible for reviewing and advising on the compensation and terms of employment of the members of the Executive Board, including the granting of stock options to Executive Board members, and on the fees paid to members of the Supervisory Board. The Compensation Committee in 2002 was composed of Mr. Tabaksblat, as chairman, and Messrs. de Ruiter, Stevens and De Wit.
Nominating Committee
The Nominating Committee held two meetings in 2002, which meetings were also attended by the chairman of the Executive Board, to discuss the composition of the Executive Board following the retirement of Mr. Storm and the proposed composition of the Supervisory Board following the future retirement of Mr. Posthumus in 2003. The Nominating Committees responsibilities include proposing candidates to fill vacancies on the Supervisory Board, advising on the reappointment of Supervisory Board members upon the expiration of their terms and proposing and advising on the members of the Executive Board, including its chairman. The Nominating Committee in 2002 was composed of Mr. Tabaksblat, as chairman, and Messrs. De Ruiter and Olcay and Mrs. Peijs.
Strategy Committee
In 2002, the Supervisory Board established a Strategy Committee responsible for reviewing the principal features of the strategy proposed by the Executive Board, preparing presentations of this strategy to the Supervisory Board, suggesting options and alternative approaches to this strategy and assessing material factors relevant to the implementation of the strategy once agreed. The Strategy Committee in 2002 held two meetings and was composed of Mr. Tabaksblat, as chairman, and Messrs. De Ruiter, Olcay and De Wit.
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Compensation of Directors and Officers
See Note 2.7 to the consolidated financial statements in Item 18 of this Annual Report.
Employees and Labor Relations
At the end of 2002, AEGON had 26,659 employees. Approximately 58% are employed in America, 11% in The Netherlands, 23% in the United Kingdom and 8% in other countries. All of AEGONs employees in The Netherlands, other than senior management, are covered by collective labor agreements, which are generally renegotiated annually on an industry wide basis. In The Netherlands, employment agreements are generally negotiated collectively by all companies within a particular industry. Individual companies then enter into employment agreements with their employees based on the relevant collective agreement. Since its founding, AEGON has participated in collective negotiations in the insurance industry and has based its employment agreements with its employees on the relevant collective agreement. The collective agreements are generally for a duration of one year. AEGON has experienced no significant strike, work stoppage or labor dispute in recent years.
Under Dutch law, members of the Central Works Council responsible for AEGON in The Netherlands are elected by AEGON The Netherlands employees. The Central Works Council has certain defined powers, including the right to make non-binding recommendations for appointments to AEGONs Supervisory Board and the right to enter objections against proposals for appointments to the Supervisory Board.
The average number of employees per geographical area was:
2002 |
2001 |
2000 | ||||
Americas |
15,628 | 16,007 | 14,987 | |||
The Netherlands |
2,986 | 3,073 | 3,059 | |||
United Kingdom |
5,013 | 4,574 | 4,0404 | |||
Other countries |
2,374 | 2,136 | 1,927 | |||
25,974 | 25,790 | 24,377 | ||||
Of which agent-employees |
4,039 | 4,298 | 4,112 |
ITEM 7. MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
As of December 31, 2002, our total authorized share capital consisted of 2,600,000,000 common shares and 1,400,000,000 preferred shares, each with a par value of EUR 0.12 per share. At the same date, there were 1,444,579,122 common shares and 440,000,000 preferred shares issued, of which 30,918,580 common shares were held by us as treasury shares. All of our common shares are fully paid and not subject to calls for additional payments of any kind. Our common shares are held by shareholders worldwide in bearer or registered form. Holders of shares of New York registry hold their common shares in registered form (New York Shares) issued by our New York transfer agent on our behalf. New York shares and bearer shares are exchangeable on a one-to-one basis and are entitled to the same rights, except that cash dividends are paid in US dollars on New York Shares.
As of December 31, 2002, in The Netherlands 204.7 million common shares were held in registered form. As of December 31, 2002, 122.5 million common shares were held in the form of New York Shares. As of December 31, 2002, there were 35,279 record holders, resident in the United States, of our New York shares and our ordinary shares.
Major Shareholders
Vereniging AEGON
As of the date of this Annual Report AEGONs largest shareholder is the Dutch association Vereniging AEGON.
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Vereniging AEGON is the continuation of the former mutual insurer AGO. In 1978, AGO demutualized and Vereniging AGO became the only shareholder of AGO Holding N.V., which was the holding company for its insurance operations. In 1983, AGO Holding N.V. and Ennia N.V. merged into AEGON. Vereniging AGO initially received approximately 49% of the common shares (which gradually was reduced to 40%) and all of the preferred shares in AEGON, giving it voting majority in AEGON, and changed its name to Vereniging AEGON.
The objective of Vereniging AEGON is the balanced representation of the interests of AEGON N.V. and all of its stakeholders, including shareholders, AEGON group companies, insured parties, employees and other relations of the companies.
As of December 31, 2001, Vereniging AEGON owned approximately 37% of the outstanding common shares and 52% of the total outstanding voting shares in AEGON.
In September 2002, AEGON effected a non-dilutive capital restructuring whereby Vereniging AEGON sold 350 million common shares, of which 143.6 million common shares were sold directly by Vereniging AEGON directly in a secondary offering outside the United States and 206.4 million common shares were purchased by AEGON from Vereniging AEGON. AEGON subsequently sold these common shares in a global offering. The purchase price for the 206,400,000 common shares sold by Vereniging AEGON to AEGON was EUR 2,064,000,000, which amount Vereniging AEGON contributed as additional paid-in capital on AEGONs existing preferred shares, all held by Vereniging AEGON. As a result of these transactions, Vereniging AEGONs beneficial ownership interest in AEGONs common shares decreased from approximately 37% to approximately 12% and its beneficial ownership interest in AEGONs voting shares (which includes common shares and preferred shares) decreased from approximately 52% to approximately 33%.
The table below sets forth the changes in Vereniging AEGONs ownership of AEGONs preferred shares and common shares for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2002 (which ownership amounts remain unchanged as of the date of this Annual Report).
Number of shares |
Number of preferred Shares owned |
% of class |
Number of common shares owned |
% of class | |||||
At January 1, 2002 |
440,000,000 | 100 | 517,271,586 | 37 | |||||
Stock dividends received |
4,702,469 | ||||||||
Offering price of EUR 10.00 per share |
(350,000,000 | ) | |||||||
At December 31, 2002 |
440,000,000 | 100 | 171,974,055 | 12 |
On May 9, 2003, AEGONs shareholders approved certain changes to AEGONs corporate governance structure and AEGONs relationship with Vereniging AEGON in an extraordinary general meeting of shareholders. AEGONs articles of incorporation were subsequently amended on May 26, 2003. These changes have resulted in the conversion of the 440,000,000 preferred shares in AEGONs share capital currently held by Vereniging AEGON into 211,680,000 new class A preferred shares. Pursuant to this conversion and certain other agreements changing AEGONs relationship with Vereniging AEGON, Vereniging AEGONs voting power under normal circumstances, based on the number of outstanding voting shares on September 19, 2003, is approximately 23%, including the 10,220,000 shares purchased on September 19, 2003, of the votes exercisable in our general meeting of shareholders, although in certain limited circumstances (such as the acquisition of 15% of our voting shares, a tender offer for our shares or a proposed business combination, each by any person or group of persons whether individually or acting as a group, other than in a transaction approved by the Executive Board and the Supervisory Board) Vereniging AEGONs voting rights will increase to approximately 33%. AEGON and Vereniging AEGON have also amended their existing option agreement, which formerly gave Vereniging AEGON the right to acquire additional preferred shares to prevent dilution of interest in AEGONs voting share capital to below 50% as a result of new share issuances by AEGON, to limit the anti-dilution protection to a level at which, whenever Vereniging AEGON exercises the full voting power
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attached to its preferred shares, the voting power of its common and preferred shares taken together will be 33%. For a detailed discussion of these changes and their effects, see Item 4. Information on the CompanyRecent Developments and Capital Expenditures and Divestments.
As of December 31, 2002, the General Meeting of Members of Vereniging AEGON consisted of 23 members. Nineteen of the members are not employees or former employees of AEGON or of one of the AEGON Group companies, nor former members of the Supervisory Board or the Executive Board of AEGON. They hold the majority of the voting rights. Of the four other members, two are elected by the General Meeting of Members from among the members of AEGONs Supervisory Board and two from among the members of AEGONs Executive Board.
Vereniging AEGON has an Executive Committee consisting of eight members, half of whom, including the chairman and the vice-chairman, are not, nor have ever been, associated with the AEGON Group. The other half of the members consists of the four above-mentioned members who hold a position within AEGON. When a vote in the Executive Committee results in a tie, the general meeting of members of Vereniging AEGON has the deciding vote.
Vereniging AEGON adopted certain changes to its Articles of Association at its annual general meeting of members. These amendments have the following principal effects:
| Vereniging AEGON is no longer required to have as members two AEGON Supervisory Board members. Two members of Vereniging AEGON are still required to be elected from among the members of AEGONs Executive Board, and the number of elected members is required to be at least three more than twice the number of members that are members of AEGONs Executive Board; and |
| the composition of Vereniging AEGONs Executive Committee was altered to allow between five and eight members, of which two are required to be members of AEGONs Executive Board. |
Other Major Shareholders
Based on a Schedule 13G dated December 9, 2002 (as amended February 10, 2003), filed with the SEC by Capital Group International, Inc. on behalf of itself and certain of its wholly-owned subsidiaries (Capital International Limited, Capital International S.A., Capital International Research and Management, Inc. dba Capital International, Inc., an investment adviser registered under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, and Capital Guardian Trust, a bank as defined in Section 3(a)(6) of the Securities Act of 1933 and an investment adviser registered under the Investment Adviser Act of 1940), Capital International Group may be deemed to be the beneficial owner of 152,315,550, or approximately 10.5%, of our outstanding common shares, as a result of its being the parent holding company of a group of investment management companies that hold investment power and, in some cases, voting power over our common shares. The Schedule 13G reports that Capital Group International, Inc. does not itself have investment power or voting power over our common shares. The Schedule 13G also reports that Capital Guardian Trust Company is deemed to be the beneficial owner of 94,187,350 of our common shares, or approximately 6.5% of our outstanding common shares, as a result of its serving as the investment manager of various institutional accounts. Both Capital Group International, Inc. and Capital Guardian Trust in the Schedule 13G disclaimed beneficial ownership of our common shares pursuant to Rule 13d-4 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
Related Party Transactions
On June 29, 2001 AEGON NV entered into a Total Return Swap (TRS) with Vereniging AEGON in order to hedge the stock option plan for 2001. The TRS gives AEGON NV effectively the right to the capital gains on 11,288,800 AEGON NV shares at the termination date and to the dividends on these shares during the contract period. The capital gains are calculated based on an exercise price of EUR 32.04. Any losses compared to the exercise price will be paid by AEGON NV to Vereniging AEGON upon termination. AEGON NV in return will
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pay interest to Vereniging AEGON on a quarterly basis over the (remaining) amount outstanding under the TRS. The interest rate is equal to the 3 month EURIBOR plus a spread. The TRS ends on March 12, 2006 but may be terminated earlier, either partly or entirely, at the option of AEGON NV. The total return swap is carried at fair value with changes in fair value reported in equity.
On March 11, 2002 AEGON NV entered into a second Total Return Swap (TRS) with Vereniging AEGON in order to hedge the stock appreciation rights plan for 2002. The TRS gives AEGON NV the right to the capital gains on 7,800,000 AEGON NV shares at the termination date and to the dividends on these shares during the contract period. The capital gains are calculated based on the exercise price of EUR 26.70. Any losses compared to the exercise price will be paid by AEGON NV to Vereniging AEGON upon termination. AEGON NV in return will pay interest to Vereniging AEGON on a quarterly basis over the (remaining) amount outstanding under the TRS. The interest rate is equal to the 3-month EURIBOR plus a spread. The TRS matures on March 11, 2009, but may be terminated earlier, either partly or entirely, at the option of AEGON NV. The TRS is carried at fair value with changes in fair value reported in equity.
As part of the capital restructuring undertaken by AEGON and Vereniging AEGON in September 2002 (see Major Shareholders), AEGON and Vereniging AEGON agreed to mark to market these total return swap agreements based on the EUR 10.04 closing price of AEGONs common shares on Euronext Amsterdam on September 17, 2002. This resulted in a payment by AEGON to Vereniging AEGON of EUR 378,300,000.
Interest of Management in Certain Transactions
At the balance sheet date, J.B.M. Streppel had a 5% mortgage loan with AEGON in the amount of EUR 680,700. In accordance with the terms of the contract no repayments of principal were made on this loan in 2002. The terms of this loan will not be amended nor will any new loans be provided.
ITEM 10. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Memorandum and Articles of Incorporation
AEGON is registered under number 27076669 in the Commercial Register of the Chamber of Commerce and Industries for Haaglanden, The Hague, The Netherlands. AEGON has adopted certain amendments to its Articles of Incorporation in an extraordinary general meeting of shareholders on May 9, 2003, which amendments have been adopted in the context of revisions of AEGONs corporate governance and its relationship with Vereniging AEGON (see Item 4. Information on the CompanyRecent Developments and Capital Expenditures and Divestments) and termination of the application to AEGON of the Dutch large company regime.
Certain provisions of AEGONs current Articles of Incorporation are discussed below.
Objects and Purposes
(1) | The objectives of AEGON are to incorporate, acquire and alienate shares and interests in, to finance and grant security for commitments of, to enter into general business relationships with and to manage and grant services to legal entities and other entities, in particular those involved in the insurance business, as well as to conduct any other activity which might further advance these objectives. These objectives shall be construed as broadly as possible. |
(2) | In achieving the aforesaid objectives, due regard shall be taken, within the scope of sound business operations, to provide fair safeguards for the interests of all the parties directly or indirectly involved in AEGON. |
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Description of AEGONs Capital Stock
AEGON has two types of shares:
Common shares, and
Preferred shares.
Upon the Amendment of the Articles of Incorporation, as effected on May 26, 2003, the formerly outstanding 440,000,000 preferred shares with par value EUR 0.12 were converted and re-denominated into 211,680,000 class A preferred shares with par value 0.25 and new class B preferred shares were created (anti-dilution shares). This conversion has not affected the aggregate financial rights attached to the preferred shares.
Common Characteristics of the Common and Preferred Shares
(1) | All shares have dividend rights except for those shares (if any) held by AEGON as treasury stock. Dividends which have not been claimed within five years lapse to AEGON. |
(2) | Each currently outstanding share is entitled to one vote except for shares held by AEGON as treasury stock. There are no upward restrictions. |
The voting power associated with each preferred share (including the class A preferred shares held by Vereniging AEGON and the class B preferred shares issuable to Vereniging AEGON) has been adjusted to 2.08 votes per preferred share. Vereniging AEGON and AEGON have entered into a voting rights agreement pursuant to which Vereniging AEGON has voluntarily relinquished its right to cast 2.08 votes per share and agreed to cast only one vote per preferred share, unless a special cause (such as the acquisition of 15% of AEGONs voting shares, a tender offer for AEGONs shares or a proposed business combination by any person or group of persons whether individually or as a group, other than in a transaction approved by the Executive Board and Supervisory Board) has occurred. In the event a special cause occurs, Vereniging AEGON will be entitled to exercise its full 2.08 votes per preferred share for up to six months per special cause. Vereniging AEGON will determine in its sole discretion whether a special cause exists and if it is of the opinion that a special cause exists, it will communicate this to AEGONs general meeting of shareholders. For more detailed information, see Item 4. Information on the CompanyRecent Developments and Capital Expenditures and Divestments.
(3) | All shares have the right to participate in AEGONs net profits. Net profits is the amount of profits after contributions, if any, to a surplus fund. |
(4) | All shares have the right to participate in any surplus after settlement of all debts, in the event of liquidation. |
(5) | The general meeting of shareholders may resolve to decrease the outstanding capital either by (i) repurchasing shares and their subsequent cancellation, or (ii) by decreasing the nominal share value. |
(6) | On a proposal of the Executive Board, the general meeting of shareholders may also resolve to repay, in whole or in part, the paid-in capital on the preferred shares. |
(7) | There are no sinking fund provisions. |
(8) | The shares are issued fully paid-up so there is no liability for further capital calls. |
(9) | There are no provisions discriminating against any existing or prospective holder of such securities as a result of such shareholder owning a substantial number of shares. |
Differences Between Common and Preferred Shares
(1) | The common shares are listed; the preferred shares are not listed. |
(2) | Dividends on the paid in amount on the preferred shares are restricted to the fixed rate set by the European Central Bank for basic refinancing transactions plus 1.75%. No additional dividend is paid |
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on the preferred shares and the remaining profit is available for distribution to the holders of common shares. |
(3) | Any credit balance after settlement of all debts will first be allocated (to the extent possible) to repaying the paid-in capital on the preferred shares. |
(4) | Holders of common shares have pre-emptive rights in relation to any new issuance of common shares by AEGON, while holders of preferred shares have no such pre-emptive rights. |
(5) | Preferred shares may not be bearer shares. |
Actions Necessary to Change the Rights of Shareholders
A change to the rights of shareholders would require an amendment to the Articles of Incorporation. The General Meeting of Shareholders (Annual General Meeting or Extraordinary General Meeting) may only pass a resolution to amend the Articles of Incorporation pursuant to a proposal of the Executive Board with the approval of the Supervisory Board. The resolution must be taken by a majority vote in a meeting where a quorum of at least 50% of outstanding shares is present or represented. The actual changes to the text of the Articles of Incorporation will be executed by a civil law notary upon certification that the Minister of Justice does not object.
Pursuant to the Articles of Incorporation, as amended, the quorum requirement of at least 50% outstanding shares has been terminated. Furthermore, a resolution of the General Meeting of Shareholders to amend the Articles of Incorporation which has the effect of reducing the rights attributable to holders of shares of a particular class, shall be subject to the approval of a meeting of holders of shares of that class.
Conditions Under which Meetings are Held
Annual General Meetings and Extraordinary General Meetings of shareholders shall be convened by an announcement in a Dutch daily newspaper and in the official list of Euronext Amsterdam. At least fifteen days notice shall be given, excluding the day of the notice and the day of the meeting. The notice in the newspaper shall contain a summary agenda and indicate the place where the complete agenda can be obtained. The agenda will be sent to registered holders at their address or to their brokers.
In the other countries where AEGON common stock is listed, publication of notice shall take place in accordance with local requirements. For admittance to the meeting, holders of bearer shares must produce evidence of their shareholding as of the record date set by the Executive Board. Holders of registered shares must notify AEGON of their intention to attend the meeting.
Limitation on the Right to own Securities
There are no limitations, either under the laws of the Netherlands or in AEGONs Articles of Incorporation, on the rights of non-residents of the Netherlands to hold or vote AEGON common shares.
Provisions that would have the Effect of Delaying a Change of Control
There are no such provisions in the Articles of Incorporation.
Pursuant to an amendment to the Articles of Incorporation and certain other changes to AEGONs corporate governance, Vereniging AEGON and AEGON have entered into a voting rights agreement (as discussed above) pursuant to which Vereniging AEGON voluntarily relinquishes its right to cast 2.08 votes per share and agrees to cast only one vote per preferred share, unless a special cause (such as the acquisition of 15% of AEGONs voting shares, a tender offer for AEGONs shares or a proposed business combination by any person or group of
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persons whether individually or as a group, other than in a transaction approved by the Executive Board and Supervisory Board) occurs. In the event a special cause occurs, Vereniging AEGON will be entitled to exercise its full 2.08 votes per preferred share for up to six months per special cause. Thus, under normal circumstances, based on the current numbers of outstanding and voting shares, Vereniging AEGON will be entitled to cast 23.3% of the votes exercisable in AEGONs general meeting of shareholders. In the event of a special cause, Vereniging AEGONs voting rights will increase to approximately 32.8%. Vereniging AEGON will determine in its sole discretion whether a special cause exists and if it is of the opinion that a special cause exists, it will communicate this to the general meeting of shareholders. The voting rights agreement can be amended only with the approval of AEGONs general meeting of shareholders. For more detailed information see Item 4. Information on the CompanyRecent Developments and Capital Expenditures and Divestments.
Threshold above which Shareholder Ownership must be Disclosed
There are no such provisions in the Articles of Incorporation. Dutch law requires public disclosure to a supervising government agency with respect to the ownership of listed shares when the following thresholds are met: 5%, 10%, 25%, 50% and 66 2/3%.
Material Differences Between Dutch Law and US Law with respect to the Items Above
Dutch company law is significantly different from US law in the following respects:
AEGON, like other large Dutch public companies, has a two-tier governance system involving a management or executive board and a supervisory board. The executive board is the executive body and its members are employed by the company. Members of the executive board are not appointed by the general meeting of shareholders, as in the United States, but rather by the supervisory board. The supervisory board has supervisory and advisory functions only and its members are outsiders that are not employed by the company. The supervisory board has the duty to supervise the administration by the executive board, the companys general course of business and the enterprises associated with it and to advise the executive board. Under the large company regime, other powers of the supervisory board include the adoption of the annual accounts as prepared by management for presentation and approval by the shareholders and prior approval of certain important resolutions of the executive board. Under the large company regime, the supervisory board appoints its own members. However, the general meeting of shareholders, the executive board and the relevant employee works council, as the elected representative of our employees, may recommend appointments to fill vacancies on the supervisory board. Moreover, the general meeting of shareholders and the employee works council can raise objections to an intended appointment. The compensation of executive board members is fixed by the supervisory board; the compensation of supervisory board members is fixed by the general meeting of shareholders.
For the effect of the amendment to AEGONs Articles of Incorporation with respect to AEGONs Supervisory Board and Executive Board, see Item 6. Directors, Senior Management and EmployeesEffect of Certain Amendments to AEGONs Articles of Incorporation.
Special Conditions Governing Changes in the Capital
There are no more stringent conditions than what is required by law.
Material | Contracts |
There are no such contracts.
Exchange Controls
There are no legislative or other legal provisions currently in force in the Netherlands or arising under AEGONs Articles of Incorporation restricting remittances to holders of AEGONs securities that are not
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resident in the Netherlands. Cash dividends payable in euro on AEGONs common shares may be officially transferred from the Netherlands and converted into any other convertible currency.
Taxation
Taxation in the Netherlands
This section summarizes the material Dutch tax consequences to holders of common shares in AEGON. This summary does not address all Dutch tax matters that may be relevant to a particular holder. Each investor should consult a professional tax advisor with respect to the tax consequences of an investment in the common shares. The discussion of certain Dutch taxes below is included for general information only.
This summary is based on tax legislation, published case law, treaties, rules, regulations and similar documentation, in each case as in effect and available on the date of this Annual report on Form 20-F. All of the foregoing are subject to change, which change could apply retroactively and could affect the tax consequences described below.
For the purposes of this discussion we have assumed that the holder of common shares is the beneficial owner of such shares and does not own a substantial interest or deemed substantial interest in AEGON as defined in Dutch tax law. Generally, a substantial interest is established if a corporate or individual holder, alone or together with related parties as defined in Dutch tax law, directly or indirectly, owns or has certain other rights over, shares constituting five per cent or more of a companys aggregate issued share capital or of any class of shares. A holder that acquires an interest in excess of these thresholds is strongly recommended to consult a professional tax adviser with respect to the Dutch tax consequences of an investment in the common shares.
Dividend Withholding Tax
Dividends and other revenue from the common shares will be generally subject to Dutch dividend withholding tax at a rate of 25%. Dividends and other revenue include, but are not limited to, distributions in cash or in kind, deemed and constructive distributions, liquidation proceeds, proceeds on redemption of the common shares and repayments of paid-in capital not recognized for Dutch tax purposes. Stock dividends paid out of AEGONs paid-in share premium account recognized for Dutch tax purposes are not subject to this Dutch dividend withholding tax.
In general, AEGON is required to remit all amounts withheld as Dutch dividend withholding tax to the Dutch tax authorities.
Residents of the Netherlands
In general, the Dutch dividend withholding tax withheld with respect to dividend distributions will be creditable for Dutch income tax purposes for the beneficial owner thereof, or, subject to certain conditions, may be recoverable in whole or in part by the Dutch resident beneficial owner of such dividend. Under certain circumstances Dutch qualifying pension funds, certain exempt entities and Dutch qualifying investment institutions may apply for refund of Dutch dividend withholding tax.
Non-residents of the Netherlands
If a holder is resident in a country other than the Netherlands and if a treaty for the avoidance of double taxation with respect to taxes on income is in effect between the Netherlands and such country, and the holder is the beneficial owner of the dividends and a qualifying resident for purposes of the treaty, the holder will, depending on the terms of the particular treaty, qualify for full or partial relief at source or for a refund (in whole or in part) of the Dutch dividend withholding tax.
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Residents of the United States that are entitled to, and comply with the procedures for claiming benefits under the income tax convention between the Netherlands and the United States (NL/US income tax treaty), generally are eligible for a reduction of the 25% Dutch withholding tax on dividend income to 15%. The NL/US income tax treaty provides a complete exemption for dividends received by exempt pension trusts and exempt organizations, as defined therein.
A recipient of a distribution on the common shares will not be entitled to an exemption, reduction, (partial) refund or credit of Dutch dividend withholding tax if such recipient is not considered the beneficial owner of such distribution. This is the case if:
| the recipient of the distribution, in connection with the receipt of the distribution, has incurred an obligation, as part of one or more related transactions, as a result of which the distribution in whole or in part has accrued or will accrue to the benefit of a person that is to a lesser extent entitled to an exemption, reduction, (partial) refund or credit of Dutch dividend withholding tax than the recipient of the distribution is entitled to; and |
| such person, other than the recipient of the distribution, retains or acquires, directly or indirectly, a comparable interest in the common shares on which the distribution is paid, as such person had before the related transaction was or related transactions were entered into. |
Distribution Tax
AEGON is subject to a temporary special distribution tax at a rate of 20% to the extent that any excessive dividends are distributed on the common shares in the period from January 1, 2001 up to and including December 31, 2005. This distribution tax is a corporate income tax, not a creditable or refundable withholding tax.
AEGON can refrain from withholding dividend withholding tax on the portion of the proceeds from the common shares in respect of which the temporary special distribution tax is applicable, if the recipient of proceeds from the common shares is a resident of the Netherlands, the Netherlands Antilles or Aruba, a member state of the European Union or a country with which the Netherlands has concluded a treaty for the avoidance of double taxation.
Corporate Income Tax and Individual Income Tax
Residents of the Netherlands
If a corporate holder is subject to Dutch corporate income tax, and the common shares are attributable to its business assets or deemed business assets, payments on the common shares and the gains realized upon the disposal of the common shares are taxable.
If an individual holder is resident or deemed to be a resident in the Netherlands for Dutch tax purposes (including an individual who has opted to be taxed as a resident of the Netherlands), payments on the common shares and gains realized upon the disposal of the common shares are taxable at the progressive rates of the Income Tax Act 2001, if:
(1) | the holder of the common shares has an enterprise or an interest in an enterprise to which the common shares are attributable; or |
(2) | the payments and gains qualify as income from miscellaneous activities in the Netherlands within the meaning of Section 3.4 of the Income Tax Act 2001, which include the performance of activities with respect to the common shares that exceed regular, active portfolio management. |
If neither condition (1) nor (2) applies to an individual holder of common shares the holder of the common shares will be taxed at a flat rate of 30% on deemed income from savings and investments.
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Non-residents of the Netherlands
Dividend distributions on the common shares and capital gains realized upon the disposal of the common shares for a holder that is not resident nor deemed to be resident in the Netherlands for Dutch tax purposes (and, in the case of an individual holder, has not opted to be taxed as a resident of the Netherlands) are not taxable in the Netherlands, other than the withholding tax described above, provided that:
| the holder does not have an enterprise or an interest in an enterprise that is carried on through a permanent establishment or a permanent representative in the Netherlands to which the common shares are attributable; |
| the holder is not entitled to a share in the profits of an enterprise that is effectively managed in the Netherlands, other than by way of securities or through an employment contract, and to which enterprise the common shares are attributable; and |
| with respect to an individual holder, the dividend distributions or capital gains do not qualify as income from miscellaneous activities in the Netherlands within the meaning of Section 3.4 of the Income Tax Act 2001, which include the performance of activities in the Netherlands with respect to the common shares that exceed regular, active portfolio management. |
Gift and Inheritance Taxes
Residents of the Netherlands
Generally, gift and inheritance taxes will be due in the Netherlands in respect of an acquisition of the common shares by way of a gift by, or on the death of, an individual holder who, for the purposes of the Dutch gift and inheritance tax, is resident or deemed to be resident in the Netherlands at the time of the gift or his or her death.
Non-residents of the Netherlands
No gift or inheritance taxes will arise in the Netherlands in respect of an acquisition of the common shares by way of gift by, or as a result of the death of, an individual holder who is neither resident nor deemed to be a resident of the Netherlands, unless:
| the individual holder at the time of the gift has, or at the time of his or her death had, an interest in a Dutch enterprise to which the common shares are or were attributable; |
| the common shares are or were attributable to the assets of an enterprise that is effectively managed in the Netherlands and the donor is, or the deceased was, entitled, other than by way of securities or through an employment contract, to a share in the profits of that enterprise at the time of the gift or, as applicable, at the time of his or her death; or |
| in the case of a gift of the common shares by an individual who at the date of the gift was neither resident nor deemed to be resident in the Netherlands, such individual dies within 180 days after the date of the gift, if at the time of his or her death such individual was a resident or deemed to be a resident of the Netherlands. |
Taxation in the United States
This section summarizes the material US Federal income tax consequences to beneficial holders of the common shares that hold the common shares as capital assets. This summary does not address all US Federal income tax matters that may be relevant to a particular holder. Each investor should consult a professional tax advisor with respect to the tax consequences of an investment in the common shares. This summary does not
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address tax considerations applicable to a holder of common shares that may be subject to special tax rules including, without limitation, the following:
| financial institutions; |
| insurance companies; |
| dealers or traders in securities or currencies; |
| tax-exempt entities; |
| regulated investment companies; |
| persons that will hold the common shares as part of a hedging or conversion transaction or as a position in a straddle or as part of a synthetic security or other integrated transaction for US Federal income tax purposes; |
| holders that own (or are deemed to own for US Federal income tax purposes) 10% or more of the voting shares of AEGON; |
| persons who hold common shares through partnerships or other pass-through entities; and |
| holders that have a functional currency other than the US dollar. |
Further, this summary does not address alternative minimum tax consequences or the indirect effects on the holders of equity interests in a holder of common shares. This summary also does not describe any tax consequences arising under the laws of any taxing jurisdiction other than the federal income tax laws of the US Federal government.
This summary is based on the US Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, US Treasury regulations and judicial and administrative interpretations, in each case as in effect and available on the date of this Annual Report on Form 20-F. All of the foregoing are subject to change, which change could apply retroactively and could affect the tax consequences described below.
For the purposes of this summary, a US holder is a beneficial owner of common shares that is, for US Federal income tax purposes:
| a citizen or resident of the United States; |
| a corporation, or other entity that is treated for US Federal income tax purposes as a corporation created or organized in or under the laws of the United States or any state of the United States (including the District of Columbia); |
| an estate the income of which is subject to US Federal income taxation regardless of its source; or |
| a trust, if a court within the United States is able to exercise primary supervision over its administration and one or more US persons have the authority to control all of the substantial decisions of such trust. |
A non-US holder is a beneficial owner of common shares that is not a US holder.
Tax Consequences to US Holders
Distributions
The gross amount of any distribution (including any amounts withheld in respect of Dutch withholding tax) actually or constructively received by a US holder with respect to common shares will be taxable to the US holder as a dividend to the extent of AEGONs current and accumulated earnings and profits as determined under US Federal income tax principles. The US holder will not be eligible for any dividends received deduction in respect of the dividend otherwise allocable to corporations. Distributions in excess of earnings and profits will be
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non-taxable to the US holder to the extent of, and will be applied against and reduce, the US holders adjusted tax basis in the common shares. Distributions in excess of earnings and profits and such adjusted tax basis will generally be taxable to the US holder as capital gain from the sale or exchange of property. AEGON does not maintain calculations of its earnings and profits under US Federal income tax principles. If AEGON does not report to a US holder the portion of a distribution that exceeds earnings and profits, the distribution will generally be taxable as a dividend even if that distribution would otherwise be treated as a non-taxable return of capital or as capital gain under the rules described above. The amount of any distribution of property other than cash will be the fair market value of that property on the date of distribution.
The amount of any distribution paid in currency other than US dollars (a foreign currency) including the amount of any withholding tax thereon, will be included in the gross income of a US holder in an amount equal to the US dollar value of the foreign currency calculated by reference to the exchange rate in effect on the date of receipt, regardless of whether the foreign currency is converted into US dollars. If the foreign currency is converted into US dollars on the date of receipt, a US holder generally should not be required to recognize foreign currency gain or loss in respect of the dividend. If the foreign currency received in the distribution is not converted into US dollars on the date of receipt, a US holder will have a basis in the foreign currency equal to its US dollar value on the date of receipt. Any gain or loss on a subsequent conversion or other disposition of the foreign currency will be treated as ordinary income or loss.
Dividends received by a US holder with respect to common shares will be treated as foreign source income for the purposes of calculating that holders foreign tax credit limitation Subject to certain conditions and limitations and subject to the discussion in the next paragraph, any Dutch income tax withheld on dividends may be deducted from taxable income or credited against a US holders Federal income tax liability. The limitation on foreign taxes eligible for the US foreign tax credit is calculated separately with respect to specific classes of income. For this purpose, dividends distributed by AEGON generally will constitute passive income, or, in the case of some US holders, financial services income. In certain circumstances, a US holder may be unable to claim foreign tax credits for foreign taxes imposed on a dividend if the US holder (1) has not held the common shares for at least 16 days in the 30-day period beginning 15 days before the ex-dividend date, during which it is not protected from risk of loss, (2) is obligated to make payments related to the dividends, or (3) holds the common shares in arrangements in which the US holders expected profit, after non-US taxes, is insubstantial.
In general, upon making a distribution to shareholders, AEGON is required to remit all amounts withheld as Dutch dividend withholding tax to the Dutch tax authorities and, in such circumstances, the full amount of the taxes so withheld would generally (subject to certain limitations and conditions) be eligible for the US holders foreign tax deduction or credit as described above. Investors are urged to consult their tax advisers regarding the general creditability or deductibility of Dutch withholding taxes.
A distribution of additional common shares to US holders with respect to their common shares that is made as part of a pro rata distribution to all shareholders generally will not be subject to US Federal income tax unless holders can elect that the distribution be payable in either additional common shares or cash, in which case the distribution will be taxable under the rules described above.
Sale or Other Disposition of Shares
A US holder will generally recognize gain or loss for US Federal income tax purposes upon the sale or exchange of common shares in an amount equal to the difference between the US dollar value of the amount realized from such sale or exchange and the US holders tax basis for those common shares. This gain or loss will be a capital gain or loss and will generally be treated as from sources within the United States, except that losses will be treated as foreign source to the extent the US holder received dividends that were includible in the financial services income basket during the 24-month period prior to the sale. Investors should consult their own tax advisors with respect to the treatment of capital gains (which may be taxed at lower rates than ordinary
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income for taxpayers who are individuals, trusts or estates that have held the common shares for more than one year) and capital losses (the deductibility of which is subject to limitations).
If a US holder receives foreign currency upon a sale or exchange of common shares, gain or loss, if any, recognized on the subsequent sale, conversion or disposition of such foreign currency will be ordinary income or loss, and will generally be income or loss from sources within the United States for foreign tax credit limitation purposes. However, if such foreign currency is converted into US dollars on the date received by the US holder, the US holder generally should not be required to recognize any gain or loss on such conversion.
Redemption of Common Shares
The redemption of common shares by AEGON will be treated as a sale of the redeemed shares by the US holder (which is taxable as described above under Sale or Other Disposition of Shares) or, in certain circumstances, as a distribution to the US holder (which is taxable as described above under Distributions).
Passive Foreign Investment Company Considerations
Based on the manner in which it currently operates its business, AEGON does not believe that it will be classified as a PFIC. If AEGON were treated as a PFIC in any year during which a US holder owns common shares, certain adverse tax consequences could apply. Investors should consult their own tax advisors with respect to any PFIC considerations.
Tax Consequences to Non-US Holders
A non-US holder generally will not be subject to US Federal income tax on dividends received on common shares or on any gain realized on the sale or exchange of common shares unless the gain is connected with a trade or business that the non-US holder conducts in the United States or if the non-US holder is an individual, such holder was present in the United States for at least 183 days during the year in which such holder disposes of the common shares, and certain other conditions are satisfied. Non-US holders should consult their own tax advisors with respect to the US Federal income tax consequences of dividends received on, and any gain realized from the sale or exchange of, the common shares.
Tax Consequences to US Holders and Non-US Holders
Backup Withholding and Information Reporting.
Backup withholding and information reporting requirements may apply to certain payments on the common shares and to proceeds of the sale or redemption of the common shares to US holders made within the United States. AEGON, its agent, a broker, or any paying agent, as the case may be, may be required to withhold tax from any payment that is subject to backup withholding if a US holder fails to furnish the US holders taxpayer identification number, fails to certify that such US holder is not subject to backup withholding, or fails to otherwise comply with the applicable requirements of the backup withholding rules. Certain US holders (including, among others, corporations) are not subject to the backup withholding and information reporting requirements.
Non-US holders that provide the required tax certifications of exempt or foreign status will generally be exempt from US information reporting requirements and backup withholding. However, sales proceeds a non-US holder receives on a sale of common shares through a broker may be subject to information reporting and backup withholding if the non-US holder is not eligible for an exemption.
Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Any amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules from a payment to a US holder or a non-US holder generally may be claimed as a credit against such holders US Federal income tax liability provided that the required information is furnished to the US Internal Revenue
123
Service. Investors should consult their own tax advisors as to their qualification for exemption from backup withholding and the procedure for obtaining an exemption. Non-US holders should consult their own tax advisors concerning the applicability of the information reporting and backup withholding.
Documents on Display
AEGON files annual reports with and furnishes other information to the Securities and Exchange Commission. You may read and copy any document filed with or furnished to the SEC by AEGON at the SECs public reference room at 450 Fifth Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20549. AEGONs SEC filings are also available to the public through the SECs web site at www.sec.gov. Please call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 for further information on the public reference room in Washington D.C. and in other locations.
As allowed by the SEC, this Annual Report on Form 20-F does not contain all the information you can find in this Annual Report on Form 20-F or the exhibits to the this Annual Report on Form 20-F. The SEC allows AEGON to incorporate by reference information into this Annual Report on Form 20-F, which means that:
| Incorporated documents are considered part of this Annual Report on Form 20-F; |
| AEGON can disclose important information to you by referring you to those documents; |
These documents contain important information about the AEGON Group and our financial condition. You may obtain copies of these documents in the manner described above. You may also request a copy of these documents (excluding exhibits) at no cost by contacting us at:
Investor Relations |
Investor Relations | |
AEGON N.V. |
AEGON USA, Inc. | |
P.O. Box 202 |
1111 North Charles Street | |
2501 CE The Hague |
Baltimore, MD 21201 | |
The Netherlands |
USA | |
Tel: 011-31-70-344-8305 |
Tel: 1-410-576-4577 | |
Fax: 011-31-70-383-2773 |
Fax: 1-410-347-8685 | |
E-mail: groupir@aegon.nl |
E-mail: ir@aegonusa.com |
124
PART III
Page | ||
Index of Financial Statements: |
||
Report of Independent Auditors |
126 | |
Consolidated Balance Sheets |
127 | |
Summarized Consolidated Income Statements |
129 | |
Consolidated Income Statements |
130 | |
Consolidated Cash Flow Statements |
133 | |
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements |
134 | |
1. Notes to the Consolidated Balance Sheets |
137 | |
2. Notes to the Consolidated Income Statements |
160 | |
3. Segment information |
179 | |
4. Parent company |
187 | |
5. Explanation of differences between Dutch Accounting Principles and US GAAP |
194 | |
6. Additional information |
204 | |
I Summary of investments (other than investments in related parties) |
226 | |
III Supplementary insurance information |
227 | |
IV Reinsurance |
228 | |
V Valuation and qualifying accounts |
229 |
125
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT AUDITORS
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of AEGON N.V. as of December 31, 2002 and 2001, and the related consolidated income statements and cash flow statements for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2002. Our audits also included the financial statement schedules listed in the Index at Item 18. These financial statements and schedules are the responsibility of the Companys management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements and schedules based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in The Netherlands and the United States. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of AEGON N.V. at December 31, 2002 and 2001 and the consolidated results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2002 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in The Netherlands. Also, in our opinion, the related financial statement schedules, when considered in relation to the basic financial statements taken as a whole, present fairly in all material respects the information set forth therein. As described in Notes 5 and 6 of Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements, the Companys policy is to prepare its financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in The Netherlands (Dutch Accounting Principles). Accounting principles generally accepted in The Netherlands vary in certain material respects from accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. An explanation of these differences, insofar as the determination of net income and shareholders equity, expressed in euros, is concerned, is presented in Note 5 of Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Shareholders equity as of December 31, 2001 and net income for the years ended December 31, 2000 and 2002 and comprehensive income for each of three years in the period ended December 31, 2002 as reported in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States have been restated as described in Note 5.
As discussed in the Introduction to the Notes to Financial Statements the Company changed its method of accounting for dividends and preferred stock. The Company also changed its method of determining operating cash and financing cash flows.
Ernst & Young Accountants
The Hague, The Netherlands
March 5, 2003, except for Notes 5 and 6, as to which the date is November 14, 2003
126
Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31
In accordance with Dutch Accounting Principles
Note Number |
2002 |
2001 | ||||
Amounts in EUR millions | ||||||
Investments |
||||||
Real estate |
1.1. | 2,211 | 2,326 | |||
Group companies and participations |
1.2. | 3,556 | 3,280 | |||
Other financial Investments |
1.3. | 128,364 | 135,809 | |||
Deposits with ceding undertakings |
1.4. | 33 | 30 | |||
134,164 | 141,445 | |||||
Investments for the account of policyholders |
1.5. | 94,728 | 113,272 | |||
Receivables |
||||||
Receivables out of direct insurance |
1.6. | 2,115 | 1,714 | |||
Receivables out of reinsurance |
559 | 462 | ||||
Other receivables |
1.7. | 1,138 | 2,295 | |||
3,812 | 4,471 | |||||
Other assets |
||||||
Equipment |
1.8. | 393 | 358 | |||
Liquid assets |
1.9. | 1,587 | 868 | |||
Other assets |
38 | 67 | ||||
2,018 | 1,293 | |||||
Prepayments and accrued income |
||||||
Accrued interest and rent |
1,539 | 1,573 | ||||
Other prepayments and accrued income |
1.10. | 1,945 | 2,007 | |||
3,484 | 3,580 | |||||
Total assets |
238,206 | 264,061 |
See Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
127
Note Number |
2002 |
2001 |
||||||
Amounts in EUR millions |
||||||||
Shareholders equity |
1.11. | 14,231 | 15,9231 | |||||
Capital securities |
1.12. | 2,008 | 2,101 | |||||
Subordinated loans |
1.13. | 616 | 670 | |||||
Equity and subordinated loans |
16,855 | 18,694 | ||||||
Technical provisions |
1.14. | |||||||
Life insurance |
101,778 | 106,175 | ||||||
Unearned premiums and unexpired risks |
995 | 775 | ||||||
Claims outstanding |
2,315 | 2,398 | ||||||
Profit sharing and rebates |
304 | 285 | ||||||
Other technical provisions |
512 | 712 | ||||||
Gross |
105,904 | 110,345 | ||||||
Reinsurers share |
(2,990 | ) | (3,094 | ) | ||||
102,914 | 107,251 | |||||||
Technical provisions with investments for the account of policyholders |
1.15. | |||||||
Gross |
95,904 | 113,639 | ||||||
Reinsurers share |
(1,176 | ) | (367 | ) | ||||
94,728 | 113,272 | |||||||
Provisions |
1.16. | 1,824 | 2,917 | |||||
Long-term liabilities |
1.17. | 3,856 | 5,084 | |||||
Deposits withheld from reinsurers |
23 | 29 | ||||||
Current liabilities |
||||||||
Payables out of direct insurance |
2,642 | 3,110 | ||||||
Payables out of reinsurance |
362 | 176 | ||||||
Amounts owed to credit institutions |
4,262 | 3,235 | ||||||
Entrusted savings accounts and deposits |
6,364 | 6,456 | ||||||
Other payables |
1.18. | 3,486 | 2,835 1 | |||||
17,116 | 15,812 | |||||||
Accruals and deferred income |
1.19. | 890 | 1,002 | |||||
Total equity and liabilities |
238,206 | 264,061 |
1 | Amounts adjusted by EUR 631 million due to the change in presentation of dividend. |
See Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
128
Summarized Consolidated Income Statements
In accordance with Dutch Accounting Principles
Note Number |
2002 |
2001 |
2000 |
||||||||
Amounts in EUR millions (except for per share data) |
|||||||||||
Revenues |
|||||||||||
Gross premiums |
21,356 | 21,578 | 20,771 | ||||||||
Investment income |
2.3. | 9,372 | 9,933 | 9,612 | |||||||
Income from banking activities |
2.4. | 416 | 384 | 324 | |||||||
Total revenues |
31,144 | 31,895 | 30,707 | ||||||||
Benefits and expenses |
|||||||||||
Premiums to reinsurers |
2,532 | 1,859 | 1,819 | ||||||||
Benefits to policyholders |
12,350 | 11,916 | 13,135 | ||||||||
Change in technical provisions |
2.5. | 7,424 | 8,815 | 7,513 | |||||||
Profit sharing and rebates |
2.6. | 189 | 248 | 370 | |||||||
Commissions and expenses |
2.7. | 5,212 | 4,574 | 4,100 | |||||||
Interest charges |
730 | 862 | 796 | ||||||||
Miscellaneous income and expenditure |
2.9. | 858 | 378 | 135 | |||||||
Total benefits and expenses |
29,295 | 28,652 | 27,868 | ||||||||
Income before tax |
1,849 | 3,243 | 2,839 | ||||||||
Corporation tax |
2.11. | (353 | ) | (918 | ) | (833 | ) | ||||
Net income unconsolidated group companies |
2.12. | 51 | 72 | 60 | |||||||
Net income |
1,547 | 2,397 | 2,066 | ||||||||
Net income per sharebasic |
1.08 | 1.76 | 1.57 | ||||||||
Net income per sharediluted |
1.08 | 1.75 | 1.55 |
See Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
129
Consolidated Income Statements
In accordance with Dutch Accounting Principles
Technical Account Life Insurance |
Note Number |
2002 |
2001 |
2000 |
|||||||
Amounts in EUR millions | |||||||||||
Premiums for own account |
|||||||||||
Gross premiums |
17,741 | 18,281 | 17,983 | ||||||||
Premiums to reinsurers |
(1,977 | ) | (1,257 | ) | (1,210 | ) | |||||
2.1. | 15,764 | 17,024 | 16,773 | ||||||||
Investment income |
2.3. | 8,694 | 9,339 | 9,182 | |||||||
Investment income for the account of policyholders |
(11,524 | ) | (9,515 | ) | (3,495 | ) | |||||
Benefits and surrenders own account |
|||||||||||
Benefits to policyholders |
|||||||||||
Gross |
(11,409 | ) | (11,218 | ) | (12,521 | ) | |||||
Reinsurers share |
765 | 883 | 758 | ||||||||
(10,725 | ) | (10,335 | ) | (11,763 | ) | ||||||
Change in other technical provisions own account |
|||||||||||
Provision for life insurance |
|||||||||||
Gross |
3,283 | 94 | (4,466 | ) | |||||||
Reinsurers share |
1,197 | 889 | 662 | ||||||||
4,480 | 983 | (3,804 | ) | ||||||||
Other technical provisions |
(5 | ) | (39 | ) | (37 | ) | |||||
4,475 | 944 | (3,841 | ) | ||||||||
Profit sharing and rebates |
2.6. | (189 | ) | (248 | ) | (370 | ) | ||||
Operating expenses |
2.7. | (3,548 | ) | (3,233 | ) | (3,058 | ) | ||||
Investment charges |
2.8. | (271 | ) | (242 | ) | (296 | ) | ||||
Other technical charges own account |
2.9. | (862 | ) | (415 | ) | (129 | ) | ||||
1,814 | 3,319 | 3,003 | |||||||||
Investment income allocated to the non-technical account |
2.10. | (1,030 | ) | (1,011 | ) | (940 | ) | ||||
Result technical account life |
784 | 2,308 | 2,063 |
See Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
130
Technical Account Non-Life Insurance |
Note Number |
2002 |
2001 |
2000 |
|||||||
Amounts in EUR millions | |||||||||||
Premiums earned for own account |
|||||||||||
Gross premiums |
3,615 | 3,297 | 2,788 | ||||||||
Premiums to reinsurers |
(555 | ) | (602 | ) | (609 | ) | |||||
3,060 | 2,695 | 2,179 | |||||||||
Change in technical provision unearned premiums and unexpired risks |
|||||||||||
Gross |
(439 | ) | (546 | ) | (198 | ) | |||||
Reinsurers share |
155 | 198 | (20 | ) | |||||||
(284 | ) | (348 | ) | (218 | ) | ||||||
2,776 | 2,347 | 1,961 | |||||||||
Investment income |
2.3. | 631 | 501 | 352 | |||||||
Claims for own account |
|||||||||||
Claims incurred |
|||||||||||
Gross |
(1,927 | ) | (1,945 | ) | (1,853 | ) | |||||
Reinsurers share |
302 | 364 | 481 | ||||||||
(1,625 | ) | (1,581 | ) | (1,372 | ) | ||||||
Change in provision for claims |
|||||||||||
Gross |
(154 | ) | 238 | (171 | ) | ||||||
Reinsurers share |
63 | (134 | ) | 212 | |||||||
(91 | ) | 104 | 41 | ||||||||
(1,716 | ) | (1,477 | ) | (1,331 | ) | ||||||
Operating expenses |
2.7. | (1,305 | ) | (1,053 | ) | (738 | ) | ||||
Investment charges |
2.8. | (2 | ) | (6 | ) | (9 | ) | ||||
Other technical charges own account |
2.9. | (44 | ) | (36 | ) | (3 | ) | ||||
340 | 276 | 232 | |||||||||
Investment income allocated to the non-technical account |
2.10. | (26 | ) | (27 | ) | (27 | ) | ||||
Result technical account non-life |
2.2. | 314 | 249 | 205 |
131
Non-Technical Account |
Note Number |
2002 |
2001 |
2000 |
|||||||
Amounts in EUR millions | |||||||||||
Result technical account life insurance |
784 | 2,308 | 2,063 | ||||||||
Result technical account non-life insurance |
314 | 249 | 205 | ||||||||
Investment income |
2.3. | 47 | 93 | 78 | |||||||
Income from banking activities |
2.4. | 416 | 384 | 324 | |||||||
Allocated investment income transferred from technical accounts |
2.10. | 1,056 | 1,038 | 967 | |||||||
Operating expenses banking activities and other expenses |
2.7. | (125 | ) | (96 | ) | (85 | ) | ||||
Investment charges |
2.8. | (691 | ) | (806 | ) | (710 | ) | ||||
Miscellaneous income and expenditure |
2.9. | 48 | 73 | (3 | ) | ||||||
Income before tax |
1,849 | 3,243 | 2,839 | ||||||||
Corporation tax |
2.11. | (353 | ) | (918 | ) | (833 | ) | ||||
Net income unconsolidated group companies |
2.12. | 51 | 72 | 60 | |||||||
Net income |
1,547 | 2,397 | 2,066 |
See Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
Consolidated Cash Flow Statements
In accordance with Dutch Accounting Principles
132
Consolidated Cash Flow Statements
In accordance with Dutch Accounting Principles
2002 |
2001 |
2000 |
|||||||
Amounts in EUR millions | |||||||||
Cash flow from operating activities |
|||||||||
Net income |
1,547 | 2,397 | 2,066 | ||||||
Increase technical provisions net of reinsurance |
4,250 | 9,820 | 6,572 | ||||||
Annuity, GIC and funding agreement deposits |
28,419 | 26,381 | 25,506 | ||||||
Annuity, GIC and funding agreement repayments |
(18,269 | ) | (19,059 | ) | (21,593 | ) | |||
Change in provisions |
(777 | ) | (488 | ) | 348 | ||||
Amortization of policy acquisition costs |
1,848 | 1,422 | 1,284 | ||||||
Amortization of interest rate rebates |
84 | 102 | 118 | ||||||
Depreciation of equipment |
100 | 79 | 61 | ||||||
Change in current liabilities |
2,299 | 734 | (763 | ) | |||||
Change in entrusted funds |
(92 | ) | 1,257 | (95 | ) | ||||
Deferred policy acquisition costs |
(2,887 | ) | (2,558 | ) | (2,393 | ) | |||
Interest rate rebates granted |
(50 | ) | (94 | ) | (61 | ) | |||
Change in receivables |
(45 | ) | (904 | ) | (796 | ) | |||
16,427 | 19,089 | 10,254 | |||||||
Cash flow from investing activities |
|||||||||
Invested and acquired |
|||||||||
Real estate and shares |
(3,416 | ) | (3,980 | ) | (7,072 | ) | |||
Shares of group companies and subsidiaries |
(1,142 | ) | (1,673 | ) | (979 | ) | |||
Other investments |
(100,560 | ) | (89,966 | ) | (53,671 | ) | |||
Equipment |
(162 | ) | (194 | ) | (159 | ) | |||
Disposed and redeemed |
|||||||||
Real estate and shares |
3,982 | 3,335 | 7,955 | ||||||
Shares of group companies and subsidiaries |
316 | 1,166 | 1,374 | ||||||
Other investments |
89,766 | 78,254 | 49,413 | ||||||
Equipment |
12 | 11 | 5 | ||||||
Indirect return real estate and shares |
(758 | ) | (723 | ) | (595 | ) | |||
Change in investments for account of policyholders |
(4,204 | ) | (6,961 | ) | (6,076 | ) | |||
Other |
(65 | ) | (335 | ) | (323 | ) | |||
(16,231 | ) | (21,066 | ) | (10,128 | ) | ||||
Cash flow from financing activities |
|||||||||
Change in subordinated and other long-term loans |
(789 | ) | 1,107 | 588 | |||||
Repurchased and sold own shares |
0 | (21 | ) | (423 | ) | ||||
Issuance of common shares |
0 | 1,685 | 0 | ||||||
Paid-in capital / withdrawal preferred shares |
2,053 | 0 | (15 | ) | |||||
Change in deposits withheld from reinsurers |
(1 | ) | 29 | 0 | |||||
Options exercised |
0 | 3 | 7 | ||||||
Settlement stock options |
(6 | ) | (71 | ) | (200 | ) | |||
Cash settlement subordinated convertible loan |
| (68 | ) | (24 | ) | ||||
Dividend paid |
(734 | ) | (544 | ) | (298 | ) | |||
523 | 2,120 | (365 | ) | ||||||
Change in liquid assets |
719 | 143 | (239 | ) |
The cash flow statement has been set up according to the indirect method and also complies with International Accounting Standard No. 7. Only those changes affecting liquid assets have been taken into account. The effects of revaluation and currency exchange rate differences have therefore not been included. The impact of currency exchange rate differences on liquid assets denominated in foreign currencies is not material.
133
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
Introduction
These financial statements have been drawn up in accordance with the rules for financial statements of insurance companies in The Netherlands, embodied in Title 9, Book 2 of the Dutch Civil Code. A summarized consolidated income statement has been added to the required formats for balance sheet and profit and loss account in order to present a comprehensible view of the results of the AEGON Group.
AEGON is exposed to a variety of risks. Some risks are related to the international nature of the group, such as currency translation risk. Other risks include insurance related risks, such as changes in mortality and morbidity. However, the largest part of the risk lies in the exposure to financial markets: changes in financial markets affect the value of the investments and provisions (including deferred policy acquisition costs) through the exposure to interest rate, credit and equity market risks.
Application of the accounting policies in the preparation of the annual accounts requires management to use judgements involving assumptions and estimates concerning future results or other developments including the likelihood, timing or amount of future transactions or events. There can be no assurance that actual results will not differ from those estimates. Accounting policies that are critical to the financial statement presentation and that require significant judgement or involve complex estimates are the policies concerning the determination of default provisions for fixed rate investments, the other than temporary impairments of equity securities, the technical provisions for life insurance including amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs, the provisions for minimum benefit guarantees, and the pension expense. For further explanation refer to the notes of the related items.
As of 2002, in line with a new accounting guideline of the Council for Annual Reporting (CAR), the amount of dividend on common shares is not accrued until it is declared. The impact on shareholders equity at December 31, 2002 was EUR 516 million positive and on shareholders equity at January 1, 2002 EUR 631 million positive.
Also in line with CAR accounting guidelines, valuation and classification of non-redeemable preferred shares were changed. These investments are now recognized under shares and valued at market value. In previous years these investments were shown under bonds and valued at amortized cost. The impact on shareholders equity at January 1, 2002 and on net income 2002 is not material.
Prior years amounts have been adjusted for comparability.
In 1997 AEGON has put a cap of 7% after tax on the indirect return. As announced in the annual report 2000, to bring the application of this method in line with current general practice, the cap on indirect return has been removed in 2001. The positive impact on 2001 pretax earnings amounted to EUR 72 million.
In 1993 AEGON acquired Diversified Investment Advisors Inc., the former group pension operation of Mutual Life Insurance Company of New York. The original transaction involved the transfer of general account assets and liabilities which were classified and aggregated as assets and liabilities for the account of policyholders as the risks remained at the seller. Therefore the transaction was structured such that AEGON did not participate in the earnings of the existing business for the subsequent nine years, whereas renewals from the existing business and new business would be fully for the benefit of AEGON from 1994 onwards.
In 2002, according to the agreement AEGON purchased the remainder of the existing business pursuant to a formula described in the agreement. As AEGON now is the full owner, the assets and liabilities have been classified as general account assets and liabilities. This includes a shift from policyholders account assets and
134
liabilities to general account assets and liabilities for an amount of EUR 1.3 billion for the related assets and liabilities.
On May 9, 2002, AEGON and the China National Offshore Oil Corporation (CNOOC) announced the establishment of a joint venture for life insurance activities in China. CNOOC and AEGON entered this joint venture as equal partners and will each contribute 50% to the initial capital base of approximately EUR 27 million. The joint ventures headquarters will be located in Shanghai and, subject to receiving regulatory approval, will launch its operations in the course of 2003.
On September 5, 2002, AEGON and La Mondiale, established in Lille, France, announced that they had entered into an alliance for the development of new pension ventures in Europe. La Mondiale is a mutual life insurance company, specialized in life insurance and pensions. The cooperation has been given shape by AEGON taking a 20% participation in La Mondiale Participations, the holding company under which the non-mutual activities of La Mondiale have been grouped. The participation was realized on December 26, 2002. The agreement provides for extension of the participation to 35% in the next few years.
In September 2002 AEGON effectuated a non-dilutive capital restructuring whereby the Vereniging AEGON sold 350 million common shares, of which 143.6 million common shares were sold directly in a secondary offering outside the United States and 206.4 million shares were purchased by AEGON and subsequently sold in a global offering. The purchase price for the 206.4 million common shares was EUR 2,064 million, which amount the Vereniging AEGON contributed as paid-in capital on AEGONs existing preferred shares, all of which the Vereniging AEGON holds. The Vereniging AEGON and AEGON agreed to set off their respective payment obligations to each other; accordingly, no cash was exchanged as part of these transactions. Due to this restructuring, the voting interest of the Vereniging AEGON reduced from approximately 52% to approximately 33% (excluding issued common shares held in treasury).
On December 2, 2002, AEGON announced that an agreement had been reached with Paramount Life & General Insurance Corporation in the Philippines for the transfer of AEGONs activities in the Philippines with immediate effect. The agreement includes the transfer of the existing book of business. Approval of the relevant regulatory authorities has been received for this transaction.
In the course of the financial year AEGON announced the acquisition in whole or in part of several independent advisory companies in the United Kingdom. The purchases were realized through AEGON UK plc and forms part of the strategic goal to invest in distribution capability in the United Kingdom marketplace.
Consolidation principles
In the consolidated financial statements of AEGON N.V. all group companies have been included, except for some group companies for which the aggregate financial effect is relatively insignificant and for companies which are not intended to be held for a long-term. Also group companies the consolidation of which would not result in a fair view of the group because of dissimilar activities have not been consolidated. The consolidated financial statements of these latter companies have been added separately in the notes. Their results are presented in the income statements on a separate line.
Consolidated entities also include special purpose entities set up in connection with the sale of investment products in the United States.
Participations in joint ventures have been consolidated proportionally.
Due to their insignificance the minority interests are included under other current liabilities.
A list of names and locations of the most important group companies is given in Exhibit 8.1.
135
With regard to the income statements of AEGON N.V., article 402, Book 2 of the Dutch Civil Code has been applied, allowing a simplified format.
Capital base |
2002 |
% |
2001 |
% | ||||
Amounts in EUR millions | ||||||||
Shareholders equity |
14,231 | 70.9 | 15,923 | 70.2 | ||||
Capital securities |
2,008 | 10.0 | 2,101 | 9.3 | ||||
Subordinated debt |
616 | 3.1 | 670 | 3.0 | ||||
Senior debt related to insurance activities |
3,203 | 16.0 | 3,982 | 17.5 | ||||
Total capital base |
20,058 | 100.0 | 22,676 | 100.0 |
AEGONs capital base reflects the capital employed in its insurance activities. AEGON endeavors to manage its capital base to contain at least 70% shareholders equity, between 5% and 15% capital securities, and a maximum of 25% subordinated and senior debt. The decrease in senior debt is primarily caused by redemption of long-term liabilities out of the proceeds received from the transactions with Vereniging AEGON, and translation results on USD denominated debt.
Foreign currency
Assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are converted into euro at the year-end exchange rates after consideration of transfer risks, where necessary. Currency exchange rate differences resulting from the conversion of foreign currencies investments in equities and real estate are accounted for in shareholders equity.
Income statement items in foreign currencies are converted at the weighted average currency exchange rates for the reporting period. Calculation differences resulting from using year-end exchange rates in the balance sheet and weighted average exchange rates in the income statement are charged or credited directly to shareholders equity under the caption currency exchange rate differences.
Equity held in subsidiaries not accounted for in euro, to the level of self-imposed requirements applied within the group, is not hedged against currency exchange rate movements. Equity amounts in excess of these requirements held in subsidiaries can be hedged. All currency results related to equity held in subsidiaries and the funding thereof, including results and related costs from hedging transactions on those subsidiaries, are accounted for in shareholders equity under the caption currency exchange rate differences.
Other currency exchange rate differences are included in the income statements.
The most important closing rates are:
2002 |
2001 | |||
US Dollar (USD) |
1.04870 | 0.88130 | ||
Swiss Franc (CHF) |
1.45240 | 1.48290 | ||
Pound Sterling (GBP) |
0.65050 | 0.60850 | ||
Canadian Dollar (CAD) |
1.65500 | 1.40770 | ||
Japanese Yen (JPY) |
124.39000 | 115.33000 | ||
Hungarian Forint (HUF) |
235.90000 | 246.33000 | ||
Taiwan Dollar (NTD) |
36.11000 | 30.47000 |
136
Weighted average exchange rates applied for income statement items:
2002 |
2001 |
2000 | ||||
US Dollar (USD) |
0.94680 | 0.89540 | 0.92350 | |||
Pound Sterling (GBP) |
0.62830 | 0.62130 | 0.60900 | |||
Canadian Dollar (CAD) |
1.48470 | 1.38850 | 1.37450 | |||
Hungarian Forint (HUF) |
242.88000 | 257.30000 | 260.05000 | |||
Taiwan Dollar (NTD) |
32.77000 | 29.68200 | 28.78500 |
1. NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
Amounts in EUR millions
Accounting principles
Where not otherwise stated, balance sheet items are carried at face value. If necessary a provision for bad and doubtful debts is deducted.
Provisions for future losses on fixed income investments (bonds, mortgage loans and private placements) are established as a result of default or other credit related issues. A regular process is in place for the monitoring of debt securities for signs of impairment.
The provisions for debt securities are determined based on exposure limits, counterparty credit ratings and securities expected to have a higher probability of default relative to the market in which they trade. Credit risk on mortgages is monitored by assessing delay of payment classification combined with a related level of provision. Other asset provisions are formed when credit risk emerges. Assets identified with potential credit issues are monitored and placed on a watch list. Discussions about those assets on the watch list are held on a regular basis to determine necessary updates.
In the United States a reduction in the carrying value is made and charged against any default provision when impairment of a specific fixed income investment is determined. This can be the case when such investments have experienced a significant downgrade in their credit rating or a significant decline in their market value. The determination of the amount of the write down is based upon best estimation of the future recoverable value of the fixed income investment and takes into account underlying collateral or estimations of liquidation values of issuing companies.
In the other countries the provision is accrued until the receivable has legally ceased to exist.
Assets and liabilities from banking activities and gains and losses on these activities are accounted for in accordance with the regulations for banks. The impact on group equity and net income from the differences in accounting principles compared to the rules applied at insurance companies is not material.
2002 |
2001 | |||
1.1. Real estate |
||||
Real estate for own use |
345 | 375 | ||
Other real estate |
1,866 | 1,951 | ||
2,211 | 2,326 |
Real estate is shown at market value, being the selling-value under normal market circumstances. Each property is valued at least once in every 5 year period. Valuation is largely based on external appraisal. In 2002 97% of the portfolio was valued.
New property is valued at construction cost including interest during the construction period, or at purchase price.
137
Unrealized and realized gains and losses on real estate investments as well as results, expenses and currency exchange rate differences from hedging transactions are recognized in the revaluation account, taking into account the related (deferred) taxes.
The participation in the joint venture AMVEST Vastgoed is accounted for under this caption.
Purchase price of the portfolio amounts to EUR 1,799 million (2001: EUR 1,832 million).
2002 |
2001 | |||
1.2. Group companies and participations |
||||
Shares in group companies: |
||||
Transamerica Finance Corporation |
873 | 1,273 | ||
Other group companies |
153 | 59 | ||
Total group companies |
1,026 | 1,332 | ||
Loans to group companies: |
||||
Transamerica Finance Corporation |
2,342 | 1,735 | ||
Other group companies |
77 | 142 | ||
Total loans to group companies |
2,419 | 1,877 | ||
Other participations |
105 | 71 | ||
Loans to other participations |
6 | 0 | ||
3,556 | 3,280 |
Interests in companies in which AEGON is able to influence operating policy, as well as group companies which are not consolidated because of their relative financial insignificance, are accounted for by inclusion of AEGONs proportion of the equity and the net income of the companies, based on AEGON accounting principles. Loans to group companies and other participations are valued at face value.
Interests in short term holdings are valued at cost less provisions where necessary. Dividends declared are included in the consolidated income statements.
The interest in the Transamerica non-insurance businesses (Transamerica Finance Corporation) is accounted for under shares in group companies at net asset value. These group companies are not consolidated because the nature of their businesses is dissimilar to the rest of the AEGON Group businesses. Consolidated financial statements of Transamerica Finance Corporation are presented in note 2.12.
Movements in group companies and participations
Shares in group and participations |
Loans to group and participations |
|||||||||||
2002 |
2001 |
2002 |
2001 |
|||||||||
Balance at January 1 |
1,403 | 1,667 | 1,877 | 633 | ||||||||
Capital contribution and acquisitions |
169 | 89 | 903 | 1,216 | ||||||||
Divestitures and redemptions |
(316 | ) | (454 | ) | 0 | 0 | ||||||
Net income for the financial year |
77 | 109 | | | ||||||||
Dividend distributed |
(11 | ) | (17 | ) | | | ||||||
Revaluations |
(176 | ) | 57 | (289 | ) | 32 | ||||||
Other movements |
(15 | ) | (48 | ) | (66 | ) | (4 | ) | ||||
Balance at December 31 |
1,131 | 1,403 | 2,425 | 1,877 |
138
2002 |
2001 | |||
1.3. Other financial investments |
||||
Shares |
6,324 | 9,135 | ||
Bonds and other fixed rate securities |
75,697 | 72,861 | ||
Loans guaranteed by mortgages |
18,568 | 20,537 | ||
Other loans |
21,632 | 26,831 | ||
Deposits with credit institutions |
1,577 | 1,553 | ||
Other financial investments |
4,566 | 4,892 | ||
128,364 | 135,809 | |||
Shares |
6,324 | 9,135 |
Shares, non-redeemable preferred shares and convertible debentures reported under this caption are valued at their quoted price or, if unquoted, at estimated market value.
Unrealized and realized gains and losses on shares as well as results, expenses and currency exchange rate differences from hedging transactions are recognized in the revaluation account, taking into account the related (deferred) taxes.
Cost price |
Unrealized gains |
Unrealized losses |
Fair value | ||||||
Amounts at December 31, |
|||||||||
2002 |
6,069 | 853 | (598 | ) | 6,324 | ||||
2001 |
8,783 | 1,510 | (1,158 | ) | 9,135 |
For shares of which the market value is considered to be impaired on an other than temporary basis (durable), a realized loss is recorded. Shares are generally considered to be other than temporarily impaired if the market value is below cost for a period of at least six months. However, independent third party documentation about the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer and the intent and ability to retain the investment for a period of time sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery are also important factors taken into account. These factors typically require significant management judgement. The impairment for the financial year amounted to EUR 1,057 million (2001: EUR 36 million). Within the application of the indirect return method this loss has been recognized in the realized part of the revaluation account with offset in the unrealized part of the revaluation account.
When optional dividend is taken up in shares, an amount equal to the cash dividend is credited to income.
The participation in AEGON Aandelenfonds N.V. is also accounted for under this caption.
Shares and convertible debentures lent out are included and amount to EUR 651 million (2001: EUR 785 million). No shares and convertible debentures were borrowed.
Bonds and other fixed rate securities |
75,697 | 72,861 |
Bonds are shown at amortized cost less write-downs for uncollectable amounts, representing the cash value at the balance sheet date of future interest and principal repayment components based on the effective interest rate on the date of acquisition.
Included in other fixed rate securities are redeemable preferred shares and money market investments. Redeemable preferred shares are valued at amortized cost; money market investments are valued at cost.
139
Realized gains and losses from transactions within the bonds and private placements portfolios, unless a loss is considered a default loss, are deferred and released to the income statements in annual installments over the estimated average remaining maturity term of the investments sold.
In the United States a reduction in the carrying value is made for bonds which have experienced a significant downgrade in their credit rating or a significant decline in their market value. Such reductions are charged against the bond default provision. In the other countries the provision is accrued until the receivable has legally ceased to exist.
2002 |
2001 |
|||||
Redemption value of the bonds |
76,496 | 74,516 | ||||
Deferred purchase differences |
(4,931 | ) | (5,713 | ) | ||
Amortization value bonds |
71,565 | 68,803 | ||||
Other fixed rate securities |
4,132 | 4,058 | ||||
75,697 | 72,861 |
The carrying value and fair value of the bonds and other fixed rate securities are as follows:
Carrying value |
Unrealized gains |
Unrealized losses |
Fair value | ||||||
Amounts at December 31, 2002 |
|||||||||
US Government |
4,505 | 103 | (17 | ) | 4,591 | ||||
Dutch Government |
670 | 42 | (1 | ) | 711 | ||||
Other Government |
4,419 | 301 | (15 | ) | 4,705 | ||||
Mortgage backed securities |
16,169 | 472 | (311 | ) | 16,330 | ||||
Corporate bonds |
49,934 | 3,250 | (961 | ) | 52,223 | ||||
Total |
75,697 | 4,168 | (1,305 | ) | 78,560 | ||||
Amounts at December 31, 2001 |
|||||||||
US Government |
2,494 | 52 | (15 | ) | 2,531 | ||||
Dutch Government |
931 | 32 | (11 | ) | 952 | ||||
Other Government |
3,539 | 186 | (90 | ) | 3,635 | ||||
Mortgage backed securities |
18,021 | 303 | (157 | ) | 18,167 | ||||
Corporate bonds |
47,876 | 1,989 | (1,368 | ) | 48,497 | ||||
Total |
72,861 | 2,562 | (1,641 | ) | 73,782 |
The carrying value and fair value of bonds and other fixed rate securities by contractual maturity at December 31, 2002 are as follows:
Carrying value |
Fair value | |||
Due in one year or less |
5,805 | 5,862 | ||
Due after one year through five years |
24,575 | 25,501 | ||
Due after five years through ten years |
22,526 | 23,678 | ||
Due after ten years |
22,791 | 23,519 | ||
75,697 | 78,560 |
For a proper understanding it should be noted that the market value is not part of the matching of these investments with the related insurance liabilities, which are not stated at market value either.
The doubtful debts provision for bonds and other fixed rate securities not yet written down amounts to EUR 249 million (2001: EUR 238 million).
140
Bonds and other fixed rate securities lent out are included and amount to a market value of EUR 5,469 million (2001: EUR 5,819 million). No bonds and other fixed rate securities were borrowed.
2002 |
2001 | |||
Loans guaranteed by mortgages |
18,568 | 20,537 |
Loans guaranteed by mortgages are valued at redemption value. Discounts granted are deferred and amortized to income over the contractual period of interest fixation.
Market value of the portfolio amounts to EUR 20,039 million (2001: EUR 21,179 million). As no market exists for these investments, market value is calculated based on current interest rate, maturity and risk assumptions. For a proper understanding it should be noted that this market value is not part of the matching of these investments with the related insurance liabilities, which are not stated at market value either.
The provision for doubtful debts for these investments amounts to EUR 38 million (2001: EUR 53 million).
Impaired mortgage loans amount to EUR 123 million (2001: EUR 72 million). From the above provision an amount of EUR 23 million (2001: EUR 22 million) has been earmarked to reduce the carrying value of these mortgage loans to the expected future cash flows. Investment income related to impaired mortgage loans is recognized when received. Interest foregone for these loans was not material for 2002.
Other loans |
21,632 | 26,831 |
Private placements are shown at amortized cost less write-downs for uncollectable amounts. Amortized cost represents the cash value at the balance sheet date of future interest and principal repayment components based on the effective interest rate on the date of acquisition.
Realized gains and losses from transactions within the private placements and bond portfolios valued at amortized cost, unless the loss is considered a default loss, are deferred and released to the income statements in annual installments over the estimated average remaining term to maturity of the investments sold.
In the United States realized losses on loans which have experienced a significant downgrade in their credit rating are charged against the loans default provision. In the other countries the provision is accrued until the receivable has legally ceased to exist.
Redemption value |
22,231 | 27,524 | ||||
Deferred purchase differences |
(599 | ) | (693 | ) | ||
Amortization value |
21,632 | 26,831 |
141
The carrying value and fair value of the private placements are as follows:
Carrying value |
Unrealized gains |
Unrealized losses |
Fair value | ||||||
Amounts at December 31, 2002 |
|||||||||
US Government |
12 | 1 | | 13 | |||||
Dutch Government |
1,288 | 83 | (9 | ) | 1,362 | ||||
Other Government |
819 | 22 | (21 | ) | 820 | ||||
Mortgage backed loan agreements |
7,010 | 197 | (343 | ) | 6,864 | ||||
Corporate private placements |
12,503 | 846 | (474 | ) | 12,875 | ||||
Total |
21,632 | 1,149 | (847 | ) | 21,934 | ||||
Amounts at December 31, 2001 |
|||||||||
US Government |
10 | 2 | | 12 | |||||
Dutch Government |
1,959 | 305 | (154 | ) | 2,110 | ||||
Other Government |
801 | 8 | | 809 | |||||
Mortgage backed loan agreements |
8,864 | 93 | (226 | ) | 8,731 | ||||
Corporate private placements |
15,197 | 549 | (565 | ) | 15,181 | ||||
Total |
26,831 | 957 | (945 | ) | 26,843 |
The carrying value and fair value of the private placements by contractual maturity at December 31, 2002 are as follows:
Carrying value |
Fair value | |||
Due in one year or less |
1,535 | 1,534 | ||
Due after one year through five years |
7,709 | 7,903 | ||
Due after five years through ten years |
6,787 | 7,019 | ||
Due after ten years |
5,601 | 5,478 | ||
21,632 | 21,934 |
As no market exists for these investments, market value is calculated based on current interest rates, term to maturity and risk assumptions. For a proper understanding it should be noted that the market value is not part of the matching of these investments with the related insurance liabilities, which are not stated at market value either.
The provision for doubtful debts for not yet written-down private placements amounts to EUR 32 million (2001: EUR 75 million).
2002 |
2001 | |||
Deposits with credit institutions |
1,577 | 1,553 |
This item relates to amounts that can be called up after a minimum period of one year. Market value of the deposits is equated with book value.
2002 |
2001 | |||
Other financial investments |
||||
Policy loans |
1,636 | 1,838 | ||
Receivables out of share lease agreements and others |
2,930 | 3,054 | ||
4,566 | 4,892 |
142
Market value of policy loans is set equal to book value. The market value of receivables out of share lease agreements and others amounts to EUR 2,672 million (2001: EUR 3,131 million).
The provision for doubtful debts amounts to EUR 17 million (2001: EUR 34 million).
1.4. Deposits with ceding undertakings |
33 | 30 |
Debentures related to reinsurance contracts that are not at free disposal. Market value amounts to EUR 33 million (2001: EUR 30 million).
Changes in investments general account
Balance at January 1, 2002 |
Acquired |
Disposed And Redeemed |
Revaluations |
Currency Exchange Rate differences and other Changes1 |
Balance at December 31, 2002 | ||||||||||
Real estate |
2,326 | 131 | (128 | ) | 12 | (130 | ) | 2,211 | |||||||
Group companies and participations |
3,280 | 1,072 | (316 | ) | (480 | ) | 3,556 | ||||||||
Shares |
9,135 | 3,285 | (3,854 | ) | (1,572 | ) | (670 | ) | 6,324 | ||||||
Bonds and other fixed rate securities |
72,861 | 86,369 | (74,523 | ) | (9,010 | ) | 75,697 | ||||||||
Loans guaranteed by mortgages |
20,537 | 4,355 | (4,073 | )2 | (2,251 | ) | 18,568 | ||||||||
Other loans |
26,831 | 8,311 | (9,892 | ) | (3,618 | ) | 21,632 | ||||||||
Deposits with credit institutions |
1,553 | 143 | (121 | ) | 2 | 1,577 | |||||||||
Other financial investments |
4,892 | 1,379 | (1,157 | ) | (548 | ) | 4,566 | ||||||||
Deposits with ceding undertakings |
30 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 33 | ||||||||||
Total |
141,445 | 105,048 | (94,064 | ) | (1,560 | ) | (16,705 | ) | 134,164 | ||||||
Balances and changes of 2001 |
121,737 | 95,333 | (82,153 | ) | (1,051 | ) | 7,579 | 141,445 |
1 | Including reallocation from investments for account of policyholders for an amount of EUR 1,278 million due to the final settlement of the Diversified Investment Advisors acquisition. |
2 | Of which a decrease of EUR 1,750 million from securitizations. |
Overview default provisions for investments general account
Balance at January 1 |
Addition Charged to income Statement |
Charged for default |
Other |
Balance at December 31 | ||||||||
2002 |
||||||||||||
Bonds and other fixed rate securities |
238 | 818 | (744 | ) | (63 | ) | 249 | |||||
Loans guaranteed by mortgages |
53 | 2 | (11 | ) | (6 | ) | 38 | |||||
Other loans |
75 | 8 | (3 | ) | (48 | ) | 32 | |||||
Other financial investments |
34 | 2 | (3 | ) | (16 | ) | 17 | |||||
Total |
400 | 830 | (761 | ) | (133 | ) | 336 | |||||
2001 |
||||||||||||
Bonds and other fixed rate securities |
110 | 728 | (492 | ) | (108 | ) | 238 | |||||
Loans guaranteed by mortgages |
184 | 0 | (127 | ) | (4 | ) | 53 | |||||
Other loans |
74 | 3 | (4 | ) | 2 | 75 | ||||||
Other financial investments |
34 | 4 | (4 | ) | 0 | 34 | ||||||
Total |
402 | 735 | (627 | ) | (110 | ) | 400 |
143
1.5. Investments for the account of policyholders
Investments for the account of policyholders and insurance-linked savings deposits are investments of which the investment risk is borne by the policyholders. They are valued at market value. Separated investments for group life contracts with full profit sharing are valued according to the terms of the related contracts.
Total return of these investments is accounted for in the technical account life insurance on a separate line.
2002 |
2001 |
|||||
Balance at January 1 |
113,272 | 114,286 | ||||
Acquired |
31,452 | 47,728 | ||||
Disposed and redeemed |
(25,918 | ) | (40,866 | ) | ||
Investment income including revaluations |
(11,524 | ) | (9,515 | ) | ||
Currency exchange rate differences and other changes |
(12,554 | )1 | 1,639 | |||
Balance at December 31 |
94,728 | 113,272 |
1 | Including reallocation to the general account investments for an amount of EUR 1,278 million due to the final settlement of the Diversified Investment Advisors acquisition. |
1.6. Receivables out of direct insurance
Policyholders |
1,666 | 1,519 | ||
Agents |
449 | 195 | ||
Total receivables out of direct insurance |
2,115 | 1,714 |
The provision for doubtful debts for these receivables amounts to EUR 149 million (2001: EUR 42 million).
2002 |
2001 | |||
1.7. Other receivables |
||||
Investment receivables |
110 | 81 | ||
Sale partnership interests Mexico |
| 828 | ||
Other receivables |
1,028 | 1,386 | ||
Total other receivables |
1,138 | 2,295 |
Other receivables mature within one year. The provision for doubtful debts for the total other receivables amounts to EUR 11 million (2001: EUR 9 million).
1.8. Equipment
Equipment is shown at original cost less depreciation over the estimated useful life.
Data processing systems |
Office and other equipment |
Total equipment |
|||||||
Total cost of equipment |
630 | ||||||||
Accumulated depreciation |
(272 | ) | |||||||
Balance at January 1, 2002 |
247 | 111 | 358 | ||||||
Investments |
127 | 35 | 162 | ||||||
Depreciation |
(67 | ) | (33 | ) | (100 | ) | |||
Disposals and other changes |
(2 | ) | (25 | ) | (27 | ) | |||
Balance at December 31, 2002 |
305 | 88 | 393 | ||||||
Accumulated depreciation |
450 | ||||||||
Total cost of equipment |
843 |
144
The increase of investments in data processing systems results from major long-term information technology projects in several country units.
1.9. Liquid assets
Cash on hand and balances with banks |
1,146 | 357 | ||
Short term investments |
441 | 511 | ||
Total liquid assets |
1,587 | 868 |
Liquid assets are at free disposal.
2002 |
2001 | |||||||
1.10. Other prepayments and accrued income |
||||||||
Prepaid pension costs on employee plans |
1,730 | 1,857 | ||||||
Other prepayments and accrued income |
215 | 150 | ||||||
Total other prepayments and accrued income |
1,945 | 2,007 |
For an explanation of the prepaid pension costs on employee plans refer to note 2.7.
1.11. Shareholders equity
For the notes to the share capital, reserves, stock options and stock appreciation rights refer to note 4.4.4.
1.12. Capital securities
Perpetual cumulative subordinated loans |
1,517 | 1,517 | ||||||
Trust Pass-through Securities |
491 | 584 | ||||||
2,008 | 2,101 |
Perpetual cumulative subordinated loans
This item comprises the following loans:
Year1 |
||||||
Interest rate 8%, coupon date June 8 |
2005 | 114 | 114 | |||
Interest rate 7 7/8%, coupon date September 29 |
2005 | 114 | 114 | |||
Interest rate 7 3/4%, coupon date December 15 |
2005 | 136 | 136 | |||
Interest rate 7 1/8%, coupon date March 4 |
2011 | 203 | 203 | |||
Interest rate 7 5/8%, coupon date July 10 |
2008 | 114 | 114 | |||
Interest rate 7 1/4%, coupon date October 14 |
2008 | 136 | 136 | |||
Interest rate 6 7/8%, coupon date December 20 |
2005 | 700 | 700 | |||
Total perpetual cumulative subordinated loans |
1,517 | 1,517 |
1 | Year of first call. |
The coupons for the EUR 114 million 8% bonds are set at 8% until June 8, 2005. The coupons for the EUR 203 million 7 1/8% bonds are set at 7 1/8% until March 4, 2011, while the EUR 136 million 7 1/4% bonds are set at 7 1/4% until October 14, 2008. On these dates, and after every consecutive period of ten years, the coupons will be reset at the then prevailing yield of 9-10 years Dutch government bonds plus a surcharge of 0.85%. The coupons of the other four loans are fixed.
145
The loans have the same subordination provisions as dated subordinated debt. In addition, the conditions of the loans contain certain provisions for interest deferral and for the availability of principal amounts to meet losses. Although the loans have no stated maturity, AEGON has the right to call the loans for redemption at par for the first time on the coupon date in the years as specified above. Thereafter AEGON has the right to call the loans for redemption at par every consecutive ten year period on the coupon date, with the exception of the 6 7/8% bond. This bond is callable every year on the coupon date after the initial call date in 2005.
The market value of these loans amounts to EUR 1,327 million (2001: EUR 1,584 million).
2002 |
2001 | |||||
Trust Pass-through Securities |
||||||
This item comprises the following loans |
||||||
USD 100 mln 7 4/5% Capital Trust Pass-through Securities |
1996/2026 | 95 | 113 | |||
USD 225 mln 7 13/20% Capital Trust Pass-through Securities |
1996/2026 | 215 | 255 | |||
USD 190 mln 7 5/8% Capital Trust Pass-through Securities |
1997/2037 | 181 | 216 | |||
491 | 584 |
Capital Trust Pass-through Securities (TRUPS) are securities through which the holders participate in a trust. The assets of these trusts consist of junior subordinated deferrable interest debentures of Transamerica Corp. The trusts have been included in the consolidated financial statements. The TRUPS carry certain provisions with regard to deferral of distributions. Earlier redemption is possible for the USD 100 million 7 4/5% Capital Trust Pass-through Securities on or after December 1, 2006.
The market value of these loans amounts to EUR 686 million (2001: EUR 634 million).
Remaining terms |
Total 2002 |
Total 2001 | ||||||||
between 0-3 years |
Between 4-5 years |
over 5 years |
||||||||
1.13. Subordinated loans |
||||||||||
EUR 227 mln floating rate/fixed rate |
159 | 159 | 159 | |||||||
EUR 125 mln 6½% |
98 | 98 | 98 | |||||||
USD 400 mln 8% |
252 | 252 | 300 | |||||||
Other subordinated loans |
32 | 41 | 34 | 107 | 113 | |||||
Total subordinated loans |
289 | 293 | 34 | 616 | 670 |
These loans are subordinated to all other liabilities and borrowings. The interest rates vary from 6.42% to 8.25%.
The market value of these loans amounts to EUR 647 million (2001: EUR 739 million).
146
Balance at January 1, 2002 |
Increase charged to the income statement |
Exchange Rate fluctuations and Other Changes1 |
Balance at December 31, 2002 |
||||||||
1.14. Technical provisions |
|||||||||||
Life insurance: |
|||||||||||
Life insurance |
53,359 | 2,150 | (6,264 | ) | 49,245 | ||||||
Fixed annuities |
38,170 | 1,716 | 1772 | 40,063 | |||||||
GICs and funding agreements |
27,943 | 934 | (4,122 | )3 | 24,755 | ||||||
119,472 | 4,800 | (10,209 | ) | 114,063 | |||||||
Deferred policy acquisition costs |
(15,264 | ) | (14,089 | ) | |||||||
Unamortized interest rate rebates |
(424 | ) | (389 | ) | |||||||
Subtotal life insurance |
103,784 | 99,585 | |||||||||
Non-life insurance: |
|||||||||||
Unearned premiums and unexpired risks |
1,760 | 284 | (262 | ) | 1,782 | ||||||
Deferred policy acquisition costs |
(1,202 | ) | (1,109 | ) | |||||||
558 | 673 | ||||||||||
Claims outstanding |
1,912 | 91 | (163 | ) | 1,840 | ||||||
Subtotal non-life insurance |
2,470 | 2,513 | |||||||||
Profit sharing and rebates |
285 | 304 | |||||||||
Other |
712 | 4 | (204 | ) | 512 | ||||||
Total |
107,251 | 5,179 | 102,914 |
1 | Including reallocation from the technical provisions policyholders account amounting to EUR 1,278 million relating to the liabilities of the pension business of Diversified Investment Advisors due to the final settlement of the acquisition. |
2 | Of which the balance of deposits and withdrawals is EUR 3,237 million. |
3 | Of which the balance of deposits and withdrawals is EUR 685 million. |
Life insurance
The provision for life insurance represents the present value of future benefits to be paid to or on behalf of policyholders and related expenses less the present value of future net premiums. The provision is calculated using actuarial methods that include assumptions such as estimates of premiums, mortality, investment performance, lapses, surrenders and expenses. These assumptions are initially based on best estimates of future experience at policy inception date, in some instances taking into account a margin for the risk of adverse deviation. The assumptions used are regularly reviewed, compared to actual experience and, if necessary, and depending on the type of products, updated.
Included in premiums is a loading for expenses. When the premiums are actually received or become receivable, the loadings emerge and are available to offset actual expenses, including maintenance expenses, non-deferrable acquisition expenses and amortization of the deferred policy acquisition costs (DPAC).
For products that have guaranteed benefits over the lifetime of the policy or at maturity, the premiums also include loadings for the expected cost of the guarantee. The pricing of the guarantee is based on assumptions for future investment performance, including reinvestment assumptions.
Part of the risk is covered by reinsurance contracts.
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The provision for life insurance comprises also the provision for unexpired risks as well as the provision for claims outstanding. In case the premium-paying period is shorter than the lifetime of the policy, a provision for future expenses is set up to cover any estimated future expenses after the premium-paying period. Future costs in connection with benefit payments are also provided for.
The technical provision for life reinsurance assumed is included in this provision as well and amounts to EUR 2,966 million (2001: EUR 3,290 million).
The average interest rate used is 5.04 % (2001: 5.33%). Taking into account the capitalized interest rate rebates, the average interest rate used is 5.25 % (2001: 5.57%).
In various countries products are sold that contain minimum guarantees. For these products the regular technical provision is recognized under technical provisions with investments for account of policyholders. The technical provision life insurance includes provisions for guaranteed minimum benefits related to contracts where the policyholder otherwise bears the investment risk. The main products are summarized below:
Provisions |
2002 |
2001 | ||
Amounts in millions | ||||
Guaranteed minimum benefits on variable products in the United States |
USD 269 | 80 | ||
Guaranteed minimum accumulation benefits on segregated funds in Canada |
CAD 126 | 38 | ||
Guaranteed return on certain unit-linked products in The Netherlands |
EUR 236 | 27 |
In the United States a common feature in variable annuities is a guaranteed minimum death benefit (GMDB). This means that when the insured dies, the beneficiaries receive the highest of the account balance or the guaranteed amount. The latter is calculated using the total deposits made by the contract holder, less any withdrawals and sometimes includes a roll-up or step-up feature thereby increasing the guarantee with interest or with increases in the account value, respectively.
The provision for life insurance includes a provision in connection with the guarantees issued. A cap and a floor for this provision is calculated using stochastic prospective methods (probability weighted calculation using multiple future scenarios) and current assumptions. Within the cap and floor corridor, the accrual method based on pricing assumptions with valuation interest less actual claims incurred is followed. Outside the cap and floor corridor, a surplus or shortfall of the provision will cause an extra charge or credit to the income statement.
In Canada the variable annuity products sold are known as segregated funds. Segregated funds are similar to mutual funds except with a capital protection guarantee for mortality and maturity. The initial guarantee period is 10 years. The 10 year period may be reset at the clients option. The management expense ratios (MERs) charged to the funds are not guaranteed and can be increased at the managements discretion. The provisions for the minimum guarantees on segregated funds are established consistent with the method described for the minimum guarantees on the variable annuity contracts sold in the United States.
In the Netherlands Fundplan policies have a guaranteed return of 3% or 4% at maturity or upon the death of the insured if premium paid for a consecutive period of ten years is invested in Mix Fund and/or Fixed Income Fund.
For this guaranteed return a provision is established based on stochastic modelling. The provision is developed applying the accrual method based on pricing assumptions less actual claims incurred. A corridor for the provision is determined regularly based on stochastic modelling methods. If the provisions develops outside the corridor, a charge or credit to the income statement is recorded. Minimum interest guarantees on group pension contracts in The Netherlands are given for nominal benefits, based on the 3% or 4% actuarial interest, after retirement of the employees. Due to the nature of the product, these guarantees have a long-term horizon of
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about 30 to 60 years. The provision is developed applying the accrual method based on pricing assumptions less actual deductions.
Provisions for fixed annuities are for annuity contracts sold in the United States. Fixed annuities are typically single premium insurance products where the paid-in amounts accumulate with interest credits less applicable loads or fees. The interest crediting rate is fixed during a period, at the end of which it can be reset by the company. The funds grow on a tax deferred basis and have significant long-term savings characteristics. The benefit provisions are equal to the full accumulated contract values.
The provision for GICs and funding agreements is the amount due for these products which are sold in the United States. Both Guaranteed Investment Contracts (GICs) and Funding Agreements (FAs) are generally issued on a fixed or floating rate basis and provide for a return of principal and a guaranteed rate of interest. In certain products the customer only receives a return based on the change in a published index such as the S&P 500. GICs are primarily sold to tax qualified benefit plans while FAs are typically sold to non-tax qualified institutional investors. FAs are also issued to certain trusts or special purpose entities, which in turn issue medium term notes or commercial paper secured by these FAs to institutional investors. The benefit provisions are equal to the full accumulated contract values. These contracts contain provisions limiting surrenders, including penalties for early surrenders and minimum notice requirements. They also may contain put provisions which give customers the option to terminate a contract, at book value, prior to maturity provided they give a minimum notice period.
2002 |
2001 |
|||||
Deferred policy acquisition costs |
||||||
Balance at January 1 |
15,264 | 13,459 | ||||
Deferred during the year |
2,486 | 2,256 | ||||
Amortization charged to the income statement1 |
(1,520 | ) | (1,203 | ) | ||
Other changes2 |
(2,141 | ) | 752 | |||
Balance at December 31 |
14,089 | 15,264 | ||||
Of which value of business acquired (VOBA) |
5,347 | 7,158 |
1 | Of which unlocking EUR 450 million (2001: EUR (22) million). |
2 | Mainly caused by currency exchange rate differences. |
AEGON defers policy acquisition costs (DPAC) that vary with and are primarily related to the acquisition of new or renewal life insurance contracts. Such costs consist principally of commissions, certain underwriting and contract issue expenses. Policy acquisition costs are deferred to the extent that they are recoverable from future expense charges in the premiums or from expected gross profits, depending on the nature of the contract. DPAC is deducted from the technical provision life insurance. Included in DPAC is an amount of value of business acquired (VOBA) resulting from acquisitions, which is equal to the present value of estimated future profits of insurance policies in force related to business acquired at the time of the acquisition and is in its nature the same as DPAC.
Fixed Premium Products
For fixed premium products DPAC are amortized to the income statement in proportion to the premium revenue recognized. The amortization of DPAC is based on managements best estimate assumptions established at policy issue, including assumptions for mortality, lapses, expenses and investment returns. A margin for adverse deviation is included in the assumptions. DPAC are tested by country unit and product line to assess recoverability at least annually. The portion of DPAC that is determined to be not recoverable will be recognized as an expense in the income statement in the period of determination.
149
Flexible Premium Products
For flexible premium products, including fixed and variable annuities, variable universal life and unit-linked contracts, amortization of DPAC is based on expected gross profits, which are determined based on managements best estimates as to future expectations. These estimates include but are not limited to: an economic perspective in terms of long-term bonds and equity returns, mortality, disability and lapse assumptions, maintenance expenses, and future expected inflation rates. DPAC for flexible premium insurance contracts and investment type contracts are amortized in proportion to the emergence of estimated gross profits over the life of the contracts.
Movements in equity markets can have a significant impact on the value of the flexible contract accounts and the fees earned on these accounts. As a result estimated future gross profits increase or decrease with these movements. Similarly, changes in interest rate spreads for fixed annuity products (interest credited less interest earned) will affect managements assumptions with respect to estimated gross profits.
In the United States (and Canada), DPAC are amortized at a constant rate based on the present value of the estimated gross profit amounts expected to be realized over the life of the policies. If appropriate, the assumptions included in the determination of estimated gross profits are adjusted. A significant assumption related to estimated gross profits on variable annuities and life insurance products is the annual net long-term growth rate of the underlying assets. As equity markets do not move in a systematic manner, assumptions are made as to the net long-term growth rate after considering the net effects of short-term variances from the long-term assumptions (a reversion to the mean assumption). At December 31, 2002 the U.S. reversion to the mean assumptions for variable products, primarily annuities, were as follows: gross long-term equity growth rate was 9%, gross short term growth rate was 12%, the reversion period for the short term rate is five years, the gross short and long term fixed security growth rate was 6% and the gross short and long term growth rate for money market funds was 3.5%. The reconsideration of assumptions may affect the original DPAC amortization schedule, referred to as DPAC unlocking. The difference between the original DPAC amortization schedule and the revised schedule, which is based upon estimates of actual and future gross profits, is recognized in the income statement as an expense or a benefit in the period of determination.
In the Netherlands, the United Kingdom and other countries the impact of equity market movements on estimated gross profits is covered by the yearly or, if appropriate, quarterly recoverability testing; a negative outcome is charged to the income statement in the period of determination. If appropriate, the assumptions included in the determination of estimated gross profits are adjusted for future periods.
Included in the deferred policy acquisition costs is an amount of value of business acquired (VOBA) resulting from acquisitions, which is equal to the present value of estimated future profits of insurance policies in force related to business acquired at the time of the acquisition and is in its nature the same as deferred policy acquisition costs and also subject to the same recoverability testing. The VOBA is amortized against expense loadings included in the premiums of the acquired portfolios or for acquired unit linked business against charges arising from the related acquired business.
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2002 |
2001 |
|||||
The changes in the carrying value of the VOBA are as follows: |
||||||
Balance at January 1 |
7,158 | 6,831 | ||||
Amortization |
(719 | ) | (695 | ) | ||
Foreign currency translation |
(910 | ) | 295 | |||
Other adjustments |
(182 | ) | 727 | |||
Balance at December 31 |
5,347 | 7,158 | ||||
Unamortized interest rate rebates |
||||||
Balance at January 1 |
424 | 432 | ||||
Rebates granted during the year |
50 | 94 | ||||
Amortization charged to the income statement |
(84 | ) | (102 | ) | ||
Other changes |
(1 | ) | 0 | |||
Balance at December 31 |
389 | 424 |
Interest rate rebates granted are amortized over the period of the contracts concerned in yearly increasing amounts.
Non-life insurance
Unearned premiums represent the unearned part of premiums received for both property and casualty insurance as for accident and health insurance. The provision for unexpired risks includes a provision to compensate for the increasing age of persons insured under health and personal accident policies.
Deferred policy acquisition costs
Balance at January 1 |
1,202 | 545 | ||||
Deferred during the year |
401 | 302 | ||||
Amortization charged to the income statement |
(328 | ) | (219 | ) | ||
Other changes 1 |
(166 | ) | 574 | |||
Balance at December 31 |
1,109 | 1,202 |
1 | Mainly caused by currency exchange rate differences. |
These policy acquisition costs are costs that are directly or indirectly related to the conclusion or renewal of non-life insurance contracts.
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The deferred policy acquisition costs are deducted from the technical provision for unearned premiums and include both renewal commission paid related to unearned premiums, amortized over the related premium period, and first year commission on health insurance policies, amortized over the contract period.
2002 |
2001 |
|||||
Claims outstanding |
||||||
Balance at January 1 |
2,398 | 2,407 | ||||
Less reinsurance recoverables |
(486 | ) | (593 | ) | ||
Net balance |
1,912 | 1,814 | ||||
Incurred related to: |
||||||
current year |
1,506 | 1,422 | ||||
prior years |
18 | 120 | ||||
Total incurred |
1,524 | 1,542 | ||||
Paid related to: |
||||||
current year |
(738 | ) | (902 | ) | ||
prior years |
(700 | ) | (599 | ) | ||
Total paid |
(1,438 | ) | (1,501 | ) | ||
Other changes |
(158 | ) | 57 | |||
Net balance at December 31: |
||||||
current year |
768 | 520 | ||||
prior years |
1,072 | 1,392 | ||||
1,840 | 1,912 | |||||
Plus reinsurance recoverables |
475 | 486 | ||||
Balance at December 31 |
2,315 | 2,398 |
The provision for claims outstanding relates to claims incurred in the current and previous years, still unsettled at year-end. Calculation takes place either on an item by item basis or on the basis of statistical information, taking into account claims incurred but not yet reported. In calculating the provision, the future costs of processing claims are considered.
A different method is applied to marine, aviation and transport insurance. The calculation is based on the underwriting years system with premiums deferred and claims combined in a fund.
Profit sharing and rebates
This provision consists of the amounts earmarked for insured or beneficiaries, as far as their accounts have not yet been credited.
Other technical provisions
This consists mainly of insurance deposits under Dutch group life contracts, which are designated for improvement of retirement benefits under such contracts. Maturity is undetermined. Interest credited to such deposits is linked with the average yield on long-term Dutch government bonds.
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Reinsurance amount ceded
The following amounts on account of reinsurance ceded have been deducted from the technical provisions:
2002 |
2001 | |||
Life insurance |
2,193 | 2,391 | ||
Unearned premiums and unexpired risks |
322 | 217 | ||
Claims outstanding |
475 | 486 | ||
2,990 | 3,094 |
AEGON insurance subsidiaries cede premiums to other insurers under various agreements that cover individual risks, group risks or defined blocks of business, on a coinsurance, yearly renewable term, excess or catastrophe excess basis. These reinsurance agreements spread the risk and minimize the effect of losses. The amount of each risk retained depends on its evaluation of the specific risk, subject, in certain circumstances, to maximum limits based on characteristics of coverages. Under the terms of the reinsurance agreements, the reinsurer agrees to reimburse for the ceded amount in the event the claim is paid. However, AEGON insurance subsidiaries remain liable to their policyholders with respect to ceded insurance if any reinsurer fails to meet the obligations assumed by it. To limit this risk reinsurance treaties are entered into with only well-capitalized, highly rated reinsurers. Where deemed appropriate additional protection is arranged through letters of credit or trust arrangements.
Balance at January 1, 2002 |
Decrease credited to the income Statement |
Exchange rate fluctuations and other changes 1 |
Balance at December 31, 2002 |
|||||||||
1.15. Technical provisions with investments for the account of policyholders | ||||||||||||
Provisions gross |
113,639 | 95,904 | ||||||||||
Ceded to reinsurers |
(367 | ) | (1,176 | ) | ||||||||
Provisions for insurance of which the policyholder bears the investment risk and for insurance-linked savings deposits |
113,272 | (9,279 | ) | (9,265 | ) | 94,728 |
1 | Including reallocation of EUR 1,278 million to the technical provisions general account relating to the liabilities of the pension business of Diversified Investment Advisors due to the final settlement of the acquisition. |
This provision includes variable annuities, variable universal life, unit-linked insurance contracts, separate investment funds group life, insurance-linked savings deposits and the liabilities of AEGON UK With Profits Funds (EUR 24,000 million). The amount of EUR 9,279 million credited to the income statement is the total of premium receipt and benefits of EUR 2,245 million and the investment income for the account of policyholders amounting to EUR (11,524) million.
The provisions are generally shown at book value of the related investments.
The provisions include an amount of EUR 1,239 million (2001: EUR 1,459 million) for pension provisions regarding own employees, primarily in the Netherlands and the United Kingdom.
As some products have a minimum guaranteed benefit amount, a provision for this benefit is accumulated during the term of the related portfolio and has been included in the technical provisions life insurance.
2002 |
2001 | |||
1.16. Provisions |
||||
Provisions for taxation |
1,824 | 2,917 |
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The provisions for taxation are of a long-term nature. This caption includes both deferred taxation as well as other long-term tax liabilities.
The deferred taxation is calculated on the basis of the difference between book value and valuation for tax purposes of the appropriate assets and liabilities. Deferred tax assets are recognized to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profits will be available.
The provision is equal to the discounted value of the future tax amounts. In the calculation discounted tax rates ranging from 0% to nominal rates are used, taking into account the estimated term to maturity of the related differences.
Nominal value of these tax amounts is EUR 2,475 million.
As at December 31, the provisions for taxation consist of:
Deferred tax liabilities relating to:
| ||||||
Investments |
298 | 525 | ||||
Deferred policy acquisition costs |
3,169 | 3,447 | ||||
Other |
917 | 1,305 | ||||
4,384 | 5,277 | |||||
Deferred tax assets relating to: |
||||||
Technical provisions |
1,147 | 1,880 | ||||
Operating losses carried forward |
564 | 296 | ||||
Investments |
849 | 184 | ||||
2,560 | 2,360 | |||||
1,824 | 2,917 | |||||
Total tax losses carried forward |
1,839 | 1,054 | ||||
Tax losses carried forward not recognized within deferred tax assets |
194 | 174 | ||||
Tax losses carried forward recognized within deferred tax assets |
1,645 | 880 | ||||
Average tax rate |
34.3 | % | 33.6 | % |
Remaining terms | ||||||||||||
less than 1 year |
between 1-3 years |
between 4-5 years |
over 5 years |
Total 2002 |
Total 2001 | |||||||
1.17. Long-term liabilities |
||||||||||||
Capital market: |
||||||||||||
Borrowings |
720 | 2,007 | 102 | 484 | 3,313 | 4,508 | ||||||
Other: |
||||||||||||
Miscellaneous long-term liabilities |
26 | 177 | 90 | 250 | 543 | 576 | ||||||
Total long-term liabilities |
746 | 2,184 | 192 | 734 | 3,856 | 5,084 |
The repayment periods of borrowings vary from less than one year up to a maximum of 28 years. The coupons vary from 1.42% to 10.0% per annum. Borrowings include debenture loans for EUR 1,465 million as at December 31, 2002.
The market value of total long-term liabilities amounts to EUR 3,679 million (2001: EUR 4,781 million).
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The following table provides the detail of long-term liabilities:
Period |
Coupon date |
2002 |
2001 | |||||
USD 100 mln 9 3/8% Domestic Debentures (Transamerica Corp.) |
1996/08 | March/Sept 1 | 95 | 114 | ||||
USD 200 mln 6 3/4% Domestic Debentures (Transamerica Corp.) |
1996/06 | May/Nov 15 | 191 | 227 | ||||
CHF 150 mln 3 1/4% Bonds |
1997/04 | June 24 | 103 | 101 | ||||
DEM 150 mln 2 1/2% Eurobonds |
1998/03 | February 24 | 77 | 77 | ||||
USD 500 mln 7% Eurobonds (AEGON Funding Corp.) |
1999/04 | September 10 | 477 | 567 | ||||
USD 450 mln 6 3/4% Eurobonds (AEGON Funding Corp.) |
1999/02 | November 15 | | 511 | ||||
CHF 300 mln 3 1/8% Eurobonds |
1999/04 | September 27 | 206 | 202 | ||||
GBP 250 mln 6 1/8% Eurobonds |
1999/31 | December 15 | 384 | 411 | ||||
USD 250 mln 7 3/8% Eurobonds (AEGON Funding Corp.) |
2000/05 | July 25 | 238 | 284 | ||||
EUR 350 mln 4 3/4% Eurobonds (AEGON Funding Corp. II) |
2001/05 | February 28 | 350 | 350 | ||||
CHF 150 mln MTN floating |
2001/04 | Semi-annual | 103 | 101 | ||||
EUR 100 mln MTN floating |
2001/03 | Semi-annual | 100 | 100 | ||||
USD 367 mln MTN floating |
2001/02 | Semi-annual | | 416 | ||||
USD 90 mln MTN floating |
2001/03 | Semi-annual | 86 | 102 | ||||
USD 200 mln MTN floating |
2002/04 | Quarterly | 191 | | ||||
USD 90 mln MTN fixed |
2002/03 | April 10 | 86 | | ||||
USD 60 mln MTN floating |
2002/03 | Quarterly | 57 | | ||||
USD 100 mln MTN floating |
2002/03 | Monthly | 95 | | ||||
USD 50 mln MTN fixed |
2002/03 | March 28 | 48 | | ||||
Other 1 |
969 | 1,521 | ||||||
3,856 | 5,084 |
1 | Of which EUR 82 million relate to AEGON N.V. (2001: EUR 378 million) |
2002 |
2001 | |||
1.18. Other payables |
||||
Investment payables |
111 | 137 | ||
Taxes and social security |
165 | 63 | ||
Preferred dividend |
30 | 3 | ||
Other |
3,180 | 2,632 | ||
Total other payables |
3,486 | 2,835 | ||
1.19. Accruals and deferred income |
||||
Accrued interest |
459 | 506 | ||
Deferred gains and losses on fixed rate investments |
431 | 496 | ||
Total accruals and deferred income |
890 | 1,002 |
1.20. Solvency
Both insurance and banking companies are required to maintain a minimum solvency margin based on local directives. The required solvency margin shown below is the sum of the individual margins of all AEGONs insurance and banking companies based on European directives. Liability capital available includes shareholders equity, capital securities and subordinated loans of the group. The solvency position of the group has been outlined in the following table:
Liability capital of the group |
16,855 | 18,694 | ||
Required solvency margin |
7,825 | 8,452 | ||
Solvency surplus |
9,030 | 10,242 | ||
Solvency as a percentage of required solvency margin |
215 | 221 |
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1.21. Derivatives
AEGON uses common derivative financial instruments such as swaps, options, futures and cross-currency derivatives to hedge its exposures related to investments, liabilities and borrowings. In general, the accounting treatment of derivatives mirrors the accounting treatment of the underlying financial instrument. In the balance sheet, the book values of the derivatives are recognized under the captions of the related underlying financial instrument. Foreign currency amounts are converted at the year-end exchange rates. Realized and unrealized results on derivative financial instruments are recognized in the same period and likewise as the results of the related investments, liabilities and debt.
AEGON does not hold or issue derivative instruments for speculative trading purposes.
Interest rate contracts, which include swaps, swaptions, caps, floors and forward rate agreements are used to manage AEGONs exposure to interest rate risks. These contracts are designated individually or in groups to specific assets, liabilities or borrowings at inception of the contracts.
An interest rate swap is an agreement between two parties to exchange, at specific dates, the difference between a fixed interest rate and a floating interest rate payment on a predetermined principal amount. The principal amount is not exchanged, and usually the fixed and floating payments are netted, thus limiting actual cash outlay. The differential to be paid or received is recognized as an adjustment to interest expense over the period of the contract.
A swaption is an option to enter into an interest rate swap at a specific future date. A call or receiver swaption is the right but not the obligation to receive the fixed rate payments and a put or payer swaption is the right but not the obligation to pay the fixed rate payments on a certain interest rate swap. By entering into swaption contracts, AEGON is able to lock-in future interest rates and thus limiting reinvestment risk. Premiums paid for swaptions are deferred and amortized to interest expense on a straight-line basis over the term of the contract.
An interest rate cap is an agreement under which the seller, in return for an upfront payment, agrees to pay the buyer the difference between the market interest rate and certain strike rate or cap for a certain period of time on a specified notional amount. Under an interest rate floor agreement, the seller pays the buyer if the interest rates are below the specified strike rate or floor. Interest rate caps are used to limit the impact of rising rates, whereas interest rate floors are used to ensure minimum interest income when rates decline. Premiums paid for purchased interest rate cap or floor agreements are capitalized and amortized to interest expense over the term of the contract.
Forward rate agreements are commitments to purchase or sell a financial instrument at a future date for a specific price and are used to hedge short-term interest movements, in particular, for future investments or short-term borrowings. Forward rate agreements settle in cash at a specific future date based on the differential between agreed interest rates applied to a notional amount. Payments or receipts are recognized as interest income or interest charge at the moment of cash settlement.
Cross currency swap agreements are contracts to exchange two principal amounts of two currencies at the prevailing exchange rate at inception of the contract. During the life of the swap the counterparties exchange fixed or floating-rate interest payments in the swapped currencies and at maturity the principal amounts are again swapped at a predetermined rate of exchange. Cross currency swaps are used to manage the companys exposure to foreign exchange rate fluctuations of both assets and liabilities. AEGON uses cross currency swaps to allow investments, product offerings and borrowings to be made in foreign currencies, gaining access to additional markets and sources of funding while eliminating foreign exchange risk. Cross currency swaps are recognized in the balance sheet as an adjustment to long-term liabilities and in the income statement in investment income, benefits to policyholders or miscellaneous income and expenditurecurrency exchange rate differences. The amount recognized represents the currency exchange difference on the notional amount at period-end rates.
156
An equity swap is a swap agreement in which one party makes payments based on either a floating index or a fixed-rate, while the other party makes payments based on the return of an equity index, basket, or single stock. Equity swaps are valued at market value with changes going through the income statement.
Options are contracts that give the option purchaser the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell, at or before a specified future date, a financial instrument at a specified price. Purchased options are carried at market value, while options sold are carried at the premium received. Unrealized gains (losses) on options are recognized in equity or current liabilities.
Futures contracts are carried at fair value and require daily cash settlement. Changes in the fair value of interest rate futures that qualify as hedges are deferred and recognized as an adjustment of the hedged item, while changes in the fair value of equity futures are recognized in income.
Credit derivatives are contracts between two parties that allows for transfer of credit risk from one party to another. The party transferring risk away has to pay a fee to the party that takes the risk. A commonly used credit derivative instrument is a credit default swap. A credit default swap allows the transfer of third party credit risk from one party to another. In essence, the buyer of a credit default swap is insured against third party credit losses. If the third party defaults, the party providing insurance will have to purchase the defaulted asset from the insured party. In turn, the insurer pays the insured the remaining interest on the debt and the principal. Credit derivatives are used to hedge credit exposures or to create synthetic credit exposure.
AEGON engages into both exchange-traded derivatives contracts as well as over-the-counter (OTC) derivatives transactions. Because of its OTC derivatives positions, AEGON is exposed to counterparty credit risk. Counterparty credit risk is the risk of loss from a counterparty failing to meet is obligations according to the terms of the contract. The company continually monitors its position and the credit ratings of the counterparties to these derivative instruments. AEGON believes the risk of losses due to nonperformance by its counterparties is low due to their high credit quality. All OTC transactions are governed by ISDA Master Agreements, which allow for netting of positions with one specific counterparty. In addition, during 2002, AEGON has negotiated collateral agreements with some of its counterparties to further limit mutual credit exposure. The credit exposure of OTC derivatives is represented by the market value of the derivatives contract.
The following table represents aggregate notional amounts of derivatives that are for the account of AEGON. The amounts listed for interest rate contracts will not be exchanged by parties and, thus, do not reflect an exposure of the company to market movements. The amounts listed for cross currency contracts will be exchanged at amounts calculated on the basis of the notional amounts and the terms of the derivatives, which are related to interest rates, exchange rates and/or certain indices.
Notional amounts 2002 |
Fair value 2002 |
Book value 2002 |
Notional amounts 2001 |
Fair value 2001 |
Book value 2001 |
|||||||||||
Interest rate contracts |
||||||||||||||||
Interest rate swaps |
35,380 | (762 | ) | 62 | 35,419 | (265 | ) | 0 | ||||||||
Swaptions |
3 | 0 | 0 | 2,583 | 93 | 90 | ||||||||||
Caps/floors |
587 | 24 | 6 | 1,507 | 20 | 7 | ||||||||||
Forward rate agreements |
104 | 2 | 0 | 724 | 1 | 0 | ||||||||||
Other derivative contracts |
||||||||||||||||
Cross currency swaps |
6,937 | 249 | 203 | 10,220 | (604 | ) | (694 | ) | ||||||||
Foreign exchange contracts |
1,329 | 57 | 57 | 671 | (26 | ) | (25 | ) | ||||||||
Equity swaps |
599 | (341 | ) | 37 | 478 | (14 | ) | (17 | ) | |||||||
Over-the-counter options |
81 | 71 | 71 | 177 | 77 | 76 | ||||||||||
Credit derivatives |
484 | (7 | ) | (4 | ) | 100 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||
Exchange traded options/futures |
3,557 | 72 | 74 | 5,225 | (47 | ) | (41 | ) |
157
2002 |
2001 |
|||||
1.22. Commitments and contingencies |
||||||
Investments contracted |
||||||
Real estate |
(100 | ) | (8 | ) | ||
Mortgage loans |
366 | 276 | ||||
Bonds and registered debentures: |
||||||
Purchase |
0 | 1,007 | ||||
Sale |
0 | 624 | ||||
Private placements |
84 | 55 | ||||
Other: |
||||||
Purchase |
552 | 694 | ||||
Sale |
0 | 0 |
Future lease payments
Under non-cancellable operating lease contracts for office buildings, future minimum lease payments amount to:
2002 |
2001 | |||
Less than one year |
64 | 63 | ||
Between one and five years |
218 | 223 | ||
Later than five years |
342 | 349 | ||
624 | 635 | |||
Collateral and guarantees given to third parties |
||||
Bonds and registered debentures |
2,435 | 855 | ||
Private placements |
1 | 1 | ||
Ceded and securitized mortgage loans |
3,792 | 2,173 | ||
Letters of credit |
1,022 | 1,513 |
These function mainly as collateral granted by AEGON subsidiaries abroad, to meet legal requirements. This item also includes collateral guarantees given by subsidiaries under reciprocal insurance contracts and guarantees on interest rate risk at early redemption of ceded and securitized mortgage loans.
Off balance sheet assets
As part of its core operations, AEGON concludes transactions and has relationships with institutional and retail customers for a variety of financial services. The return for these services is a fee related to the asset value, to the investment performance or to the risk exposure of the contract.
The services include:
| management of investments for institutional investors and of mutual funds in the retail business; |
| offering of synthetic GICs which guarantee to plan sponsors benefit responsiveness, whether or not in the form of annuities, in the event that qualified plan benefit requests exceed plan cash flows. The plan sponsor agrees to reimburse for such benefit payments with interest. |
For all services the related assets are owned by the customers and therefore they do not appear on the balance sheet of AEGON. Total assets involved in these operations amount to EUR 52 billion, (2001: EUR 54 billion).
158
AEGON Levensverzekering N.V. completed two private placed securitization programs in 2002 whereby the economical ownership of in total EUR 1.7 billion of mortgage receivables is conveyed to third parties. The transfer of the ownership title will take place upon notification of the borrowers by either AEGON or the third parties. The third parties have the right to notify the borrowers upon the occurrence of certain pre-defined notification events. A first preferred silent right of pledge on the mortgage receivables has been given to the third parties. At the same time AEGON entered into a fixed-floating swap agreement with the contract parties under which AEGON agreed to pay the floating rate (EURIBOR based) and receive the fixed rate (scheduled yield from the mortgage receivables). Under both programs AEGON has the right to repurchase all of the mortgage receivables at a price equal to the then current portfolio market value of the receivables provided that AEGON simultaneously terminates the Swap upon payment of the market value of the Swap. For one program that right exists for the remainder of the term. The other program only allows AEGON to repurchase the receivables between March 2003 and September 2003.
Litigation
Banque Internationale à Luxembourg S.A. and Dexia Bank Belgium S.A. (Dexia) have initiated legal proceedings against AEGON in connection with its acquisition in 2000 of Labouchere, at that time a subsidiary company of AEGON. Dexia alleges that AEGON has made certain misrepresentations and has breached some of the warranties contained in the purchase agreement. The alleged misrepresentations and breaches of warranties relate to the securities leasing products sold by Labouchere. Dexias claims include a claim for dissolution of the agreement and damages and, if honoured by the competent courts, may result in substantial damage to us. AEGON has taken the view that the sale of Labouchere to Dexia constitutes a transaction between two large financial institutions that was duly effected and that Dexias allegations are without merit. In view thereof, and given that the amount of damages due in case any of the claims of Dexia would succeed cannot be determined, no provision has been made for these claims in the annual accounts for 2002.
159
2. NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENTS
Amounts in EUR millions
The principles for the determination of results are described in the notes to the balance sheets.
2.1. Analysis of premiums life insurance 2002
Life insurance |
Investments for the account of policyholders | |||||||||||||
Gross |
Reinsurance |
Own account |
Gross |
Reinsurance |
Own account | |||||||||
Incoming reinsurance |
1,120 | (239 | ) | 881 | 40 | (13 | ) | 27 | ||||||
Insurance |
||||||||||||||
Recurring: |
||||||||||||||
Individual |
||||||||||||||
without profit sharing |
3,335 | (662 | ) | 2,673 | 2,107 | (28 | ) | 2,079 | ||||||
with profit sharing |
303 | (1 | ) | 302 | 234 | (4 | ) | 230 | ||||||
Total |
3,638 | (663 | ) | 2,975 | 2,341 | (32 | ) | 2,309 | ||||||
Group |
||||||||||||||
without profit sharing |
663 | (72 | ) | 591 | 995 | (3 | ) | 992 | ||||||
with profit sharing |
268 | (2 | ) | 266 | 655 | (16 | ) | 639 | ||||||
Total |
931 | (74 | ) | 857 | 1,650 | (19 | ) | 1,631 | ||||||
Total recurring |
4,569 | (737 | ) | 3,832 | 3,991 | (51 | ) | 3,940 | ||||||
Single: |
||||||||||||||
Individual |
||||||||||||||
without profit sharing |
1,047 | 0 | 1,047 | 3,080 | (867 | ) | 2,213 | |||||||
with profit sharing |
185 | | 185 | 670 | (60 | ) | 610 | |||||||
Total |
1,232 | 0 | 1,232 | 3,750 | (927 | ) | 2,823 | |||||||
Group |
||||||||||||||
without profit sharing |
189 | | 189 | 1,454 | (3 | ) | 1,451 | |||||||
with profit sharing |
368 | (1 | ) | 367 | 1,028 | (6 | ) | 1,022 | ||||||
Total |
557 | (1 | ) | 556 | 2,482 | (9 | ) | 2,473 | ||||||
Total single |
1,789 | (1 | ) | 1,788 | 6,232 | (936 | ) | 5,296 | ||||||
Total premiums |
7,478 | (977 | ) | 6,501 | 10,263 | (1,000 | ) | 9,263 | ||||||
Grand total |
17,741 | (1,977 | ) | 15,764 |
160
2001
Life insurance |
Investments for the account of policyholders | |||||||||||||
Gross |
Reinsurance |
Own account |
Gross |
Reinsurance |
Own account | |||||||||
Incoming reinsurance |
1,357 | (258 | ) | 1,099 | 194 | (5 | ) | 189 | ||||||
Insurance |
||||||||||||||
Recurring: |
||||||||||||||
Individual |
||||||||||||||
without profit sharing |
2,933 | (536 | ) | 2,397 | 2,287 | (33 | ) | 2,254 | ||||||
with profit sharing |
304 | (2 | ) | 302 | 250 | (1 | ) | 249 | ||||||
Total |
3,237 | (538 | ) | 2,699 | 2,537 | (34 | ) | 2,503 | ||||||
Group |
||||||||||||||
without profit sharing |
659 | (127 | ) | 532 | 885 | (8 | ) | 877 | ||||||
with profit sharing |
280 | (4 | ) | 276 | 604 | (9 | ) | 595 | ||||||
Total |
939 | (131 | ) | 808 | 1,489 | (17 | ) | 1,472 | ||||||
Total recurring |
4,176 | (669 | ) | 3,507 | 4,026 | (51 | ) | 3,975 | ||||||
Single: |
||||||||||||||
Individual |
||||||||||||||
without profit sharing |
1,277 | (108 | ) | 1,169 | 3,560 | (46 | ) | 3,514 | ||||||
with profit sharing |
158 | | 158 | 956 | (67 | ) | 889 | |||||||
Total |
1,435 | (108 | ) | 1,327 | 4,516 | (113 | ) | 4,403 | ||||||
Group |
||||||||||||||
without profit sharing |
133 | | 133 | 961 | | 961 | ||||||||
with profit sharing |
597 | (3 | ) | 594 | 886 | (50 | ) | 836 | ||||||
Total |
730 | (3 | ) | 727 | 1,847 | (50 | ) | 1,797 | ||||||
Total single |
2,165 | (111 | ) | 2,054 | 6,363 | (163 | ) | 6,200 | ||||||
Total premiums |
7,698 | (1,038 | ) | 6,660 | 10,583 | (219 | ) | 10,364 | ||||||
Grand total |
18,281 | (1,257 | ) | 17,024 |
161
2000
Life insurance |
Investments for the account of policyholders | |||||||||||||
Gross |
Reinsurance |
Own account |
Gross |
Reinsurance |
Own account | |||||||||
Incoming reinsurance |
1,226 | (247 | ) | 979 | 186 | (1 | ) | 185 | ||||||
Insurance |
||||||||||||||
Recurring: |
||||||||||||||
Individual |
||||||||||||||
without profit sharing |
2,615 | (507 | ) | 2,108 | 2,187 | (13 | ) | 2,174 | ||||||
with profit sharing |
373 | (15 | ) | 358 | 203 | (1 | ) | 202 | ||||||
Total |
2,988 | (522 | ) | 2,466 | 2,390 | (14 | ) | 2,376 | ||||||
Group |
||||||||||||||
without profit sharing |
421 | (92 | ) | 329 | 756 | (32 | ) | 724 | ||||||
with profit sharing |
318 | (6 | ) | 312 | 651 | (8 | ) | 643 | ||||||
Total |
739 | (98 | ) | 641 | 1,407 | (40 | ) | 1,367 | ||||||
Total recurring |
3,727 | (620 | ) | 3,107 | 3,797 | (54 | ) | 3,743 | ||||||
Single: |
||||||||||||||
Individual |
||||||||||||||
without profit sharing |
1,586 | (86 | ) | 1,500 | 3,851 | (103 | ) | 3,748 | ||||||
with profit sharing |
162 | | 162 | 1,253 | (58 | ) | 1,195 | |||||||
Total |
1,748 | (86 | ) | 1,662 | 5,104 | (161 | ) | 4,943 | ||||||
Group |
||||||||||||||
without profit sharing |
94 | | 94 | 1,017 | | 1,017 | ||||||||
with profit sharing |
382 | (3 | ) | 379 | 702 | (38 | ) | 664 | ||||||
Total |
476 | (3 | ) | 473 | 1,719 | (38 | ) | 1,681 | ||||||
Total single |
2,224 | (89 | ) | 2,135 | 6,823 | (199 | ) | 6,624 | ||||||
Total premiums |
7,177 | (956 | ) | 6,221 | 10,806 | (254 | ) | 10,552 | ||||||
Grand total |
17,983 | (1,210 | ) | 16,773 |
162
2.2. Analysis of technical results non-life insurance
Accident & health |
Legal liability motor |
Other motor |
Marine, Transport and aviation |
Fire |
General liability |
Other branches |
Total |
|||||||||||||||||
2002 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gross premiums |
2,848 | 186 | 150 | 41 | 305 | 52 | 33 | 3,615 | ||||||||||||||||
Gross premiums earned |
2,414 | 184 | 151 | 41 | 300 | 53 | 33 | 3,176 | ||||||||||||||||
Gross claims incurred |
(1,571 | ) | (151 | ) | (112 | ) | (29 | ) | (177 | ) | (30 | ) | (11 | ) | (2,081 | ) | ||||||||
Gross operating expenses |
(1,208 | ) | (48 | ) | (39 | ) | (10 | ) | (108 | ) | (21 | ) | (9 | ) | (1,443 | ) | ||||||||
Balance of reinsurance ceded |
136 | (3 | ) | (1 | ) | (1 | ) | (23 | ) | (3 | ) | (2 | ) | 103 | ||||||||||
(229 | ) | (18 | ) | (1 | ) | 1 | (8 | ) | (1 | ) | 11 | (245 | ) | |||||||||||
Investment income |
561 | 24 | 15 | 2 | 20 | 8 | 1 | 631 | ||||||||||||||||
Investment charges |
(4 | ) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | (2 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Balance of other items |
(50 | ) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 4 | (1 | ) | (44 | ) | |||||||||||||
Investment income allocated to the non-technical account |
(14 | ) | (4 | ) | (2 | ) | (1 | ) | (2 | ) | (2 | ) | (1 | ) | (26 | ) | ||||||||
Result technical account non-life |
264 | 3 | 13 | 2 | 12 | 10 | 10 | 314 | ||||||||||||||||
2001 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gross premiums |
2,558 | 179 | 158 | 36 | 287 | 55 | 24 | 3,297 | ||||||||||||||||
Gross premiums earned |
2,019 | 178 | 158 | 36 | 282 | 55 | 23 | 2,751 | ||||||||||||||||
Gross claims incurred |
(1,200 | ) | (149 | ) | (117 | ) | (25 | ) | (179 | ) | (33 | ) | (4 | ) | (1,707 | ) | ||||||||
Gross operating expenses |
(988 | ) | (45 | ) | (41 | ) | (9 | ) | (98 | ) | (22 | ) | (7 | ) | (1,210 | ) | ||||||||
Balance of reinsurance ceded |
(4 | ) | 1 | 2 | (1 | ) | (11 | ) | 0 | (4 | ) | (17 | ) | |||||||||||
(173 | ) | (15 | ) | 2 | 1 | (6 | ) | 0 | 8 | (183 | ) | |||||||||||||
Investment income |
419 | 27 | 19 | 3 | 22 | 10 | 1 | 501 | ||||||||||||||||
Investment charges |
(6 | ) | 0 | 0 | 0 | (1 | ) | 1 | 0 | (6 | ) | |||||||||||||
Balance of other items |
(31 | ) | (1 | ) | (2 | ) | 0 | (2 | ) | 0 | 0 | (36 | ) | |||||||||||
Investment income allocated to the non-technical account |
(15 | ) | (4 | ) | (1 | ) | (2 | ) | (5 | ) | 0 | 0 | (27 | ) | ||||||||||
Result technical account non-life |
194 | 7 | 18 | 2 | 8 | 11 | 9 | 249 | ||||||||||||||||
2000 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gross premiums |
2,067 | 180 | 157 | 38 | 268 | 65 | 13 | 2,788 | ||||||||||||||||
Gross premiums earned |
1,869 | 184 | 155 | 38 | 266 | 65 | 13 | 2,590 | ||||||||||||||||
Gross claims incurred |
(1,512 | ) | (167 | ) | (110 | ) | (32 | ) | (168 | ) | (33 | ) | (2 | ) | (2,024 | ) | ||||||||
Gross operating expenses |
(636 | ) | (52 | ) | (44 | ) | (10 | ) | (96 | ) | (23 | ) | (5 | ) | (866 | ) | ||||||||
Balance of reinsurance ceded |
201 | 0 | 0 | 4 | (6 | ) | (6 | ) | (1 | ) | 192 | |||||||||||||
(78 | ) | (35 | ) | 1 | 0 | (4 | ) | 3 | 5 | (108 | ) | |||||||||||||
Investment income |
263 | 29 | 18 | 4 | 23 | 13 | 2 | 352 | ||||||||||||||||
Investment charges |
(9 | ) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | (9 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Balance of other items |
(4 | ) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | (3 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Investment income allocated to the non-technical account |
(15 | ) | (5 | ) | (2 | ) | (1 | ) | (3 | ) | (1 | ) | 0 | (27 | ) | |||||||||
Result technical account non-life |
157 | (11 | ) | 17 | 3 | 16 | 15 | 8 | 205 |
163
Accident & health |
Legal Liability Motor |
Other Motor |
Marine, Transport and aviation |
Fire |
General liability |
Other branches |
Total | |||||||||
Combined ratios in percentages |
||||||||||||||||
2002 |
||||||||||||||||
Americas |
106 | | | | | | | 106 | ||||||||
The Netherlands |
95 | 117 | 100 | 98 | 109 | 101 | 67 | 103 | ||||||||
Other countries |
96 | 102 | 104 | 191 | 94 | 120 | 55 | 97 | ||||||||
Total |
105 | 110 | 102 | 99 | 102 | 105 | 61 | 105 | ||||||||
2001 |
||||||||||||||||
Americas |
99 | | | | 77 | | | 99 | ||||||||
The Netherlands |
94 | 114 | 95 | 99 | 106 | 92 | 64 | 100 | ||||||||
Other countries |
94 | 103 | 105 | 67 | 98 | 127 | | 99 | ||||||||
Total |
99 | 109 | 98 | 99 | 102 | 99 | 64 | 100 | ||||||||
2000 |
||||||||||||||||
Americas |
101 | | | | 33 | | | 101 | ||||||||
The Netherlands |
96 | 126 | 90 | 98 | 110 | 110 | 49 | 104 | ||||||||
Other countries |
97 | 116 | 111 | 371 | 93 | 61 | | 102 | ||||||||
Total |
101 | 121 | 99 | 101 | 102 | 94 | 49 | 102 |
The combined ratio is the sum of the ratio of net incurred claims to net premiums earned and the ratio of net commissions and expenses to premiums own account.
Although a ratio over 100% suggests a loss, the ratio does not include investment income. With the inclusion of investment income in the calculation, all of AEGONs major product lines were profitable.
164
2.3. Investment income
Life |
Non-life |
Non- technical |
Total | |||||
2002 |
||||||||
Income from participations |
20 | 0 | 19 | 39 | ||||
Group companies: |
||||||||
Income from other investments |
||||||||
Real estate1 |
112 | 5 | 2 | 119 | ||||
Shares |
167 | 3 | 0 | 170 | ||||
Bonds and other fixed rate securities |
5,399 | 292 | 0 | 5,691 | ||||
Loans guaranteed by mortgage |
1,201 | 5 | 0 | 1,206 | ||||
Other loans |
163 | 9 | 25 | 197 | ||||
Deposits with credit institutions |
7 | 0 | 0 | 7 | ||||
Other financial investments |
190 | 0 | 1 | 191 | ||||
Interest on liquid assets and other |
689 | 305 | 0 | 994 | ||||
Indirect income real estate and shares |
746 | 12 | 0 | 758 | ||||
Total |
8,694 | 631 | 47 | 9,372 | ||||
2001 |
||||||||
Income from participations |
18 | 0 | 60 | 78 | ||||
Group companies: |
||||||||
Income from other investments |
||||||||
Real estate1 |
122 | 2 | 2 | 126 | ||||
Shares |
176 | 6 | 0 | 182 | ||||
Bonds and other fixed rate securities |
4,394 | 297 | 0 | 4,691 | ||||
Loans guaranteed by mortgages |
1,338 | 4 | 0 | 1,342 | ||||
Other loans |
1,818 | 11 | 31 | 1,860 | ||||
Deposits with credit institutions |
11 | 4 | 0 | 15 | ||||
Other financial investments |
157 | 1 | 0 | 158 | ||||
Interest on liquid assets and other |
607 | 151 | 0 | 758 | ||||
Indirect income real estate and shares |
698 | 25 | 0 | 723 | ||||
Total |
9,339 | 501 | 93 | 9,933 | ||||
2000 |
||||||||
Income from participations |
15 | 0 | 37 | 52 | ||||
Group companies: |
||||||||
Income from other investments |
||||||||
Real estate1 |
115 | 2 | 2 | 119 | ||||
Shares |
159 | 7 | 0 | 166 | ||||
Bonds and other fixed rate securities |
4,242 | 216 | 0 | 4,458 | ||||
Loans guaranteed by mortgages |
1,301 | 4 | 0 | 1,305 | ||||
Other loans |
1,741 | 21 | 39 | 1,801 | ||||
Deposits with credit institutions |
9 | 6 | 0 | 15 | ||||
Other financial investments |
176 | 2 | 0 | 178 | ||||
Interest on liquid assets and other |
847 | 76 | 0 | 923 | ||||
Indirect income real estate and shares |
577 | 18 | 0 | 595 | ||||
Total |
9,182 | 352 | 78 | 9,612 |
1 | Of which allocated internal rent for real estate in own use an amount of EUR 14 million (2001: EUR 17 million and 2000: EUR 17 million), based on market conditions. |
165
In the income statement the structural total return on investments in real estate and shares is recognized. This total return includes the direct income (rents and dividends) of the reporting period and an amount of indirect income.
The total return is calculated by determining the average of the total return yield over the last 30 years and multiplying this average yield by the average value of these investments over the last 7 years, adjusted for investment purchases and sales.
The indirect income from these investments is then calculated as the difference between the total return and the direct income.
2002 |
2001 |
2000 |
|||||||
2.4. Income from banking activities |
|||||||||
Bonds and other fixed rate securities |
54 | 49 | 63 | ||||||
Loans guaranteed by mortgage |
51 | 36 | 33 | ||||||
Other loans |
68 | 83 | 95 | ||||||
Other investments and liquid assets |
243 | 216 | 133 | ||||||
Total |
416 | 384 | 324 | ||||||
2.5. Change in technical provisions |
|||||||||
Technical provisions |
5,179 | 4,804 | 4,749 | ||||||
Technical provisions with investments for the account of policyholders |
(9,279 | ) | (5,504 | ) | (731 | ) | |||
(4,100 | ) | (700 | ) | 4,018 | |||||
Investment income for the account of policyholders |
11,524 | 9,515 | 3,495 | ||||||
Change in technical provisions |
7,424 | 8,815 | 7,513 | ||||||
2.6. Profit sharing and rebates |
|||||||||
Amortization of interest rate rebates |
84 | 102 | 118 | ||||||
Surplus interest bonuses |
38 | 40 | 48 | ||||||
Profit appropriated to policyholders |
67 | 106 | 204 | ||||||
Total |
189 | 248 | 370 |
Granted interest rate rebates amount to EUR 50 million (2001: EUR 94 million and 2000: EUR 61 million), almost entirely relating to the Dutch companies.
166
2.7. Operating expenses
Life |
Non-life |
Non- technical |
Total |
||||||||
2002 |
|||||||||||
Acquisition costs |
2,850 | 1,066 | | 3,916 | |||||||
Deferred policy acquisition costs |
(2,486 | ) | (401 | ) | | (2,887 | ) | ||||
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs |
1,520 | 328 | | 1,848 | |||||||
1,884 | 993 | | 2,877 | ||||||||
Administrative expenses |
1,917 | 450 | | 2,367 | |||||||
Commissions and profit sharing from reinsurers |
(253 | ) | (138 | ) | | (391 | ) | ||||
Banking and other activities |
| | 125 | 125 | |||||||
Total operating expenses |
3,548 | 1,305 | 125 | 4,978 | |||||||
Investment expenses |
234 | ||||||||||
Commissions and expenses |
5,212 | ||||||||||
2001 |
|||||||||||
Acquisition costs |
2,590 | 561 | | 3,151 | |||||||
Deferred policy acquisition costs |
(2,256 | ) | (302 | ) | | (2,558 | ) | ||||
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs |
1,203 | 219 | | 1,422 | |||||||
1,537 | 478 | | 2,015 | ||||||||
Administrative expenses |
2,001 | 732 | | 2,733 | |||||||
Commissions and profit sharing from reinsurers |
(305 | ) | (157 | ) | | (462 | ) | ||||
Banking and other activities |
| | 96 | 96 | |||||||
Total operating expenses |
3,233 | 1,053 | 96 | 4,382 | |||||||
Investment expenses |
192 | ||||||||||
Commissions and expenses |
4,574 | ||||||||||
2000 |
|||||||||||
Acquisition costs |
2,548 | 538 | | 3,086 | |||||||
Deferred policy acquisition costs |
(2,232 | ) | (161 | ) | | (2,393 | ) | ||||
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs |
1,143 | 141 | | 1,284 | |||||||
1,459 | 518 | | 1,977 | ||||||||
Administrative expenses |
1,934 | 348 | | 2,282 | |||||||
Commissions and profit sharing from reinsurers |
(335 | ) | (128 | ) | | (463 | ) | ||||
Banking and other activities |
| | 85 | 85 | |||||||
Total operating expenses |
3,058 | 738 | 85 | 3,881 | |||||||
Investment expenses |
219 | ||||||||||
Commissions and expenses |
4,100 |
167
Technical and non-technical accounts include the following:
2002 |
2001 |
2000 |
|||||||
Salaries |
1,206 | 1,167 | 1,066 | ||||||
Pension premiums |
(92 | ) | (111 | ) | (82 | ) | |||
Other social security charges |
205 | 189 | 173 | ||||||
Other expenses |
1,300 | 1,223 | 1,167 | ||||||
Total expenses |
2,619 | 2,468 | 2,324 | ||||||
Commissions |
4,023 | 3,704 | 3,348 | ||||||
Deferred policy acquisition costs |
(2,887 | ) | (2,558 | ) | (2,393 | ) | |||
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs |
1,848 | 1,422 | 1,284 | ||||||
Commissions and profit sharing from reinsurers |
(391 | ) | (462 | ) | (463 | ) | |||
Commissions and expenses |
5,212 | 4,574 | 4,100 |
Expenses include allocated housing expenses from real estate in own use for an amount of EUR 14 million (2001: EUR 17 million and 2000: EUR 17 million), based on market conditions.
Claims processing costs are included in benefits and surrenders respectively claims for own account; investment expenses are included in investment charges.
AEGON has non contributory defined benefit plans and defined contribution plans covering substantially all AEGON employees. In a number of countries, including the Netherlands and the United Kingdom, retirement benefits are insured with our life insurance companies based on the appropriate actuarial formulas and assumptions. In the remaining countries, including the United States, the provisions for pension obligations are vested in separate legal entities, not forming part of AEGON.
In the United States US GAAP (SFAS 87) is applied for the US pension plans. SFAS calculations require several assumptions, including future performance of financial markets, future composition of work force and best estimates of long-term actuarial assumptions. The pension expense in the income statement in a certain year under SFAS 87 includes the expected return on assets. The expected return on assets is calculated by applying the long-term return on a five year moving average of the fair value of the plan assets. In a period of market declines, such as recently experienced, this moving average is higher than the fair value of the assets at the reporting date. The difference between the expected return reflected in the income statements and the actual return on the assets in a certain year is deferred. Deferred gains or losses are amortized to the income statement applying a corridor approach. The corridor is defined as 10% of the greater of the moving average value of the plan assets or the projected benefit obligation. To the extent that the prepaid pension costs at the beginning of the year exceeds the moving average asset value less the pension benefit obligation by more than the 10% corridor, the excess is amortized over the employees average future years of service (approximately 7 years).
The amount in note 1.10 for Prepaid pension costs on employee pension plans relates entirely to AEGON in the United States. The amount is a combination of unrecognized net losses, unrecognized prior service costs and the positive difference between the fair value of the pension plan assets at the reporting date and the projected benefit obligation. No amortization of deferred losses has taken place in 2002 and no contributions were made by the US in 2002.
In The Netherlands employees participate in a defined benefit scheme based on average salary and for the amount exceeding a certain level employees may opt for a defined contribution scheme. Indexation of vested rights are fully funded yearly and immediately charged to the income statements.
In the United Kingdom benefits are based on past and future service, taking into account future salary and benefit levels as well as estimated inflation in future years. Regular improvements of benefits are allocated to future service years. No contributions have been made to the scheme in the UK in 2002.
168
In the other countries pension costs are fully charged to the income statements in the years in which they are earned by the employees.
The average number of employees was 25,974 of which 4,039 agent-employees (2001: 25,790 of which 4,298 agent-employees and 2000: 24,377 of which 4,112 agent-employees). The specification per geographical area is as follows:
2002 |
2001 |
2000 | ||||
Americas |
15,628 | 16,007 | 14,987 | |||
The Netherlands |
2,986 | 3,073 | 3,059 | |||
United Kingdom |
5,013 | 4,574 | 4,404 | |||
Other countries |
2,347 | 2,136 | 1,927 | |||
25,974 | 25,790 | 24,377 |
Remuneration of active and retired members of the Executive Board
In EUR thousands
Salary |
Performance Related payments1 |
Pension |
Total | |||||
2002 |
||||||||
D.J. Shepard |
1,056 | 992 | 287 | 2,335 | ||||
P. van de Geijn |
495 | 215 | 49 | 759 | ||||
J.B.M. Streppel |
495 | 215 | 49 | 759 | ||||
J.G. van der Werf (as of April 18, 2002) |
364 | | 36 | 400 | ||||
Total for active members |
2,410 | 1,422 | 421 | 4,253 | ||||
K.J. Storm (up to June 30, 2002) |
328 | 291 | 1,500 | 2,119 | ||||
Total |
2,738 | 1,713 | 1,921 | 6,372 | ||||
2001 |
||||||||
D.J. Shepard |
1,117 | 1,321 | 313 | 2,751 | ||||
P. van de Geijn |
475 | 457 | 47 | 979 | ||||
K.J. Storm |
642 | 616 | 64 | 1,322 | ||||
J.B.M. Streppel |
475 | 305 | 47 | 827 | ||||
Total for active members |
2,709 | 2,699 | 471 | 5,879 | ||||
H.B. van Wijk |
| 188 | | 188 | ||||
Total |
2,709 | 2,887 | 471 | 6,067 | ||||
2000 |
||||||||
D.J. Shepard |
1,083 | 1,201 | 746 | 3,030 | ||||
P. van de Geijn |
458 | 402 | 80 | 940 | ||||
K.J. Storm |
617 | 543 | 108 | 1,268 | ||||
J.B.M. Streppel (as of May 4, 2000) |
306 | | 53 | 359 | ||||
Total for active members |
2,464 | 2,146 | 987 | 5,597 | ||||
H.B. van Wijk (up to May 4, 2000) |
519 | 402 | 172 | 1,093 | ||||
Total |
2,983 | 2,548 | 1,159 | 6,690 |
1 | Under an annual bonus scheme of EUR 25,344 per member per percent point increase in the preceding year earnings per share over the rate of inflation, with a maximum of that years salary. In addition Mr. Shepard has a performance allowance related to the earnings increase of AEGON USA over 2001, paid in 2002. |
169
Remuneration of active and retired members of the Supervisory Board
2002 |
2001 |
2000 | ||||
Amounts in EUR | ||||||
M. Tabaksblat |
56,722 | 56,722 | 41,619 | |||
H. de Ruiter |
45,378 | 45,378 | 36,302 | |||
D.G. Eustace |
45,378 | 45,378 | 29,496 | |||
Sir Michael Jenkins |
| | 27,227 | |||
O.J. Olcay |
34,034 | 34,034 | 27,227 | |||
J.F.M. Peters |
| | 31,765 | |||
K.M.H. Peijs |
34,034 | 34,034 | 27,227 | |||
G.A. Posthumus |
45,378 | 39,705 | 27,227 | |||
T. Rembe (as of May 4, 2000) |
36,870 | 34,034 | 17,837 | |||
W.F.C. Stevens |
34,034 | 34,034 | 27,227 | |||
K.J. Storm (as of July 1, 2002) |
17,017 | | | |||
F.J. de Wit |
34,034 | 34,034 | 27,227 | |||
Total for active members |
382,879 | 357,353 | 320,381 | |||
Sir Michael Jenkins |
| 34,034 | | |||
J.F.M. Peters (up to May 3, 2001) |
| 15,808 | | |||
G. van Schaik (up to May 4, 2000) |
| | 15,824 | |||
Total |
382,879 | 407,195 | 336,205 |
Stock options including stock appreciation rights, and interests in the company of active members of the Executive Board
Stock options Balance at January 1 |
Exercise price |
Granted1 |
Exercise price |
Lapsed |
Date |
Market price |
Stock options Balance at December 31 |
Exercise price |
Shares held in the company | |||||||||||
EUR | EUR | EUR | EUR | |||||||||||||||||
D.J. Shepard |
200,000 | 17.36 | 200,000 | | | |||||||||||||||
200,000 | 29.02 | 0 | | | 200,000 | 29.02 | ||||||||||||||
200,000 | 46.95 | 0 | | | 200,000 | 46.95 | ||||||||||||||
200,000 | 34.50 | 0 | | | 200,000 | 34.50 | ||||||||||||||
100,000 | 34.84 | 0 | | | 100,000 | 34.84 | ||||||||||||||
50,0001 | 26.70 | 0 | | | 50.0001 | 26.70 | 276,170 | |||||||||||||
P. van de Geijn |
200,000 | 17.36 | 200,000 | | | | | |||||||||||||
200,000 | 29.02 | 0 | | | 200,000 | 29.02 | ||||||||||||||
200,000 | 46.95 | 0 | | | 200,000 | 46.95 | ||||||||||||||
200,000 | 34.50 | 0 | | | 200,000 | 34.50 | ||||||||||||||
100,000 | 34.84 | 0 | | | 100,000 | 34.84 | ||||||||||||||
50,0001 | 26.70 | 0 | | | 50,0001 | 26.70 | 226,722 | |||||||||||||
J.B.M. Streppel |
25,000 | 17.36 | 25,000 | | | | | |||||||||||||
50,000 | 29.02 | 0 | | | 50,000 | 29.02 | ||||||||||||||
40,000 | 46.95 | 0 | | | 40,000 | 46.95 | ||||||||||||||
40,000 | 34.50 | 0 | | | 40,0001 | 34.50 | ||||||||||||||
100,000 | 34.84 | 0 | | | 100,000 | 34.84 | ||||||||||||||
50,0001 | 26.70 | 0 | | | 50.0001 | 26.70 | | |||||||||||||
J.G. van der Werf |
60,000 | 17.36 | 60,000 | | | | | |||||||||||||
60,000 | 29.02 | 0 | | | 60,000 | 29.02 | ||||||||||||||
48,000 | 46.95 | 0 | | | 48,000 | 46.95 | ||||||||||||||
48,000 | 34.50 | 0 | | | 48,000 | 34.50 | ||||||||||||||
50,000 | 34.84 | 0 | | | 50,000 | 34.84 | ||||||||||||||
50,0001 | 26.70 | 0 | | | 50,0001 | 26.70 | 116,922 |
1 | Stock appreciation rights. For a description refer to note 4.4.4. |
170
The criteria for the number of stock options or stock appreciation rights offered to the members of the Executive Board are as follows:
1. Comparison of the AEGON share price with a peer group of nine financials (AIG, Allianz, AXA, Generali, Prudential, Zurich, ABN Amro, Fortis, ING). The comparison is based on a moving average over the last three years.
2. If the AEGON share price finishes in the top three each person receives the maximum of 200,000 options, in the bottom three 50,000 per person and in the middle four 100,000 per person.
3. If there is no increase in earnings per share, no options will be offered.
At the balance sheet date, J.B.M. Streppel had a 5% mortgage loan of EUR 680,700. In accordance with the terms of the contract no redemptions were received on this loan in 2002.
Stock options including stock appreciation rights of active members of the Supervisory Board
Stock options Balance at January 1 |
Exercise price |
Lapsed |
Date |
Market Price |
Stock options Balance at December 31 |
Exercise price | ||||||||
EUR | EUR | EUR | ||||||||||||
K.J. Storm |
200,000 | 17.36 | 200,000 | | | | | |||||||
200,000 | 29.02 | 0 | | | 200,000 | 29.02 | ||||||||
200,000 | 46.95 | 0 | | | 200,000 | 46.95 | ||||||||
200,000 | 34.50 | 0 | | | 200,000 | 34.50 | ||||||||
100,000 | 34.84 | 0 | | | 100,000 | 34.84 |
The options have been granted by reason of membership of the executive board in the related years.
Common shares held by the Supervisory Board members
Shares held in the December 31, 2002 | ||
M. Tabaksblat |
7,221 | |
K.M.H. Peijs |
757 | |
T. Rembe |
6,402 | |
K.J. Storm |
261,181 | |
F.J. de Wit |
7,203 | |
Total |
282,764 |
Life |
Non-life |
Non - technical |
Total | |||||
2.8. Investment charges |
||||||||
2002 |
||||||||
Investment expenses and interest charges |
271 | 2 | 691 | 964 | ||||
2001 |
||||||||
Investment expenses and interest charges |
242 | 6 | 806 | 1,054 | ||||
2000 |
||||||||
Investment expenses and interest charges |
296 | 9 | 710 | 1,015 |
171
2.9. Miscellaneous income and expenditure
Life |
Non-life |
Non- technical |
Total |
|||||||||
2002 |
||||||||||||
Addition to provision for doubtful debts |
826 | (1 | ) | 55 | 880 | |||||||
Currency exchange rate differences |
(1 | ) | 0 | (13 | ) | (14 | ) | |||||
Other income and expenditure |
37 | 45 | (90 | ) | (8 | ) | ||||||
Total |
862 | 44 | (48 | ) | 858 | |||||||
2001 |
||||||||||||
Addition to provision for doubtful debts |
766 | 32 | 6 | 804 | ||||||||
Currency exchange rate differences |
1 | 0 | (18 | ) | (17 | ) | ||||||
Book gain on sale partnership interests in Mexico |
(343 | ) | | | (343 | ) | ||||||
Other income and expenditure |
(9 | ) | 4 | (61 | ) | (66 | ) | |||||
Total |
415 | 36 | (73 | ) | 378 | |||||||
2000 |
||||||||||||
Addition to provision for doubtful debts |
132 | 3 | 7 | 142 | ||||||||
Currency exchange rate differences |
1 | (1 | ) | 10 | 10 | |||||||
Other income and expenditure |
(4 | ) | 1 | (14 | ) | (17 | ) | |||||
Total |
129 | 3 | 3 | 135 |
2.10. Investment income allocated to the non-technical account
Income on investments held against shareholders equity does not form part of the technical results. The amounts transferred to the non-technical account include direct yield on allocated investments or are based on the average direct yield of the investment portfolio.
2.11. Corporation tax
The tax burden for AEGON as a group is made up of the direct and future taxes payable on profits of the units operating in the various countries. The effective tax rates of these units reflect tax benefits available in the local environment and could therefore be below nominal rates. The lower effective tax rate is largely due to a reduction of the deferred tax liability, favorable adjustments resulting from the filing of the 2001 corporate tax returns in the United States, lower taxable income relative to tax preferred investments and tax-exempt income in the Netherlands and the United States, and the use of tax losses in the United Kingdom.
The tax burden in The Netherlands further reflects the benefit of special tax rules for which the company and its subsidiaries qualify, including additions to the equalization reserve for insurers and tax exempt investment in subsidized housing and certain participations.
172
2002 |
2001 |
2000 |
|||||||
Breakdown: |
|||||||||
Taxes currently due |
583 | 709 | 469 | ||||||
Taxes deferred due to temporary differences |
(230 | ) | 209 | 364 | |||||
Total |
353 | 918 | 833 | ||||||
The following is a reconciliation of the nominal tax charge to the actual tax expense: |
|||||||||
Statutory tax rate |
621 | 1,109 | 969 | ||||||
Increases (decreases) in taxes resulting from: |
|||||||||
Dividend income exclusions and credits |
(181 | ) | (286 | ) | (109 | ) | |||
Depreciation of equipment and real estate |
(2 | ) | (3 | ) | (3 | ) | |||
Valuation of technical provisions |
0 | 2 | 0 | ||||||
Other, net |
(85 | ) | 96 | (24 | ) | ||||
Actual tax expense |
353 | 918 | 833 |
Amounts paid in cash in 2002 for income taxes were EUR 311 million (2001: EUR 930 million and 2000: EUR 227 million).
2.12. Net income unconsolidated group companies
Labouchere
Because of the sale on March 31, 2000, this subsidiary was deconsolidated in the presented 2000 figures for comparability reasons. The net profit for the first quarter 2000 amounting to EUR 31 million has been recognized under net income from unconsolidated group companies.
Transamerica non-insurance businesses
After their acquisition, AEGON accounted for the non-insurance businesses of Transamerica (Transamerica Finance Corporation) as participations and has recorded them at cost. Following a change in accounting, resulting from the decision to retain and continue to develop these businesses as operating units of the group, these businesses are carried at net asset value in the balance sheet as of June 30, 2000.
From July 21, 1999 up to the first six months of 2000 dividends declared were included in earnings for an amount that offset the funding cost. Effective July 1, 2000, net income of the non-insurance businesses has been included in consolidated earnings.
Transamerica Finance Corporation conducts business in commercial lending, intermodal leasing and real estate information services operations.
The commercial lending operation makes commercial loans through four businesses: distribution finance, business capital, equipment financial services and specialty finance. It has offices in the United States, Mexico, Canada, Europe and India. The intermodal leasing operation provides service, rentals and term operating leases through a worldwide network of offices, third party depots and other facilities. The intermodal leasing operation offers a wide variety of equipment used in international and domestic commerce around the world. Its fleet consists of over 674,000 marine containers (consisting of units that are owned along with managed for and leased from others) and over 19,000 European trailers. Real estate information services provides property tax payment and reporting, flood certification and other real estate information services to its customers.
Due to their dissimilarity in operations in relation to the operations of AEGON, these group companies have not been consolidated.
173
Following are the consolidated balance sheets, consolidated income statements and notes thereto of Transamerica Finance Corporation, established in Delaware and operating from Chicago, Illinois, USA. In addition, the statements include allocated expenses and financing costs from associated non-insurance companies The statements have been prepared in accordance with Dutch accounting principles.
Consolidated balance sheets at December 31 of Transamerica Finance Corporation
2002 |
2001 | |||
Cash |
62 | 64 | ||
Finance receivables |
5,728 | 7,865 | ||
Equipment |
97 | 129 | ||
Other assets |
2,308 | 3,186 | ||
Total assets |
8,195 | 11,244 | ||
Long-term borrowings |
3,551 | 4,926 | ||
Short-term borrowings |
2,220 | 3,182 | ||
Other liabilities |
872 | 1,053 | ||
Accruals and deferred income |
285 | 348 | ||
Provisions for deferred taxation |
394 | 462 | ||
Shareholders equity |
873 | 1,273 | ||
Total liabilities and shareholders equity |
8,195 | 11,244 |
Consolidated income statements of Transamerica Finance Corporation
2002 |
2001 |
2000 |
|||||||
Finance charges |
672 | 919 | 1,134 | ||||||
Leasing revenues |
444 | 489 | 683 | ||||||
Real estate information |
254 | 283 | 286 | ||||||
Other revenues |
141 | 261 | 209 | ||||||
Total revenues |
1,511 | 1,952 | 2,312 | ||||||
Interest and debt expense |
252 | 470 | 660 | ||||||
Salaries and other employee expenses |
332 | 365 | 384 | ||||||
Depreciation on equipment held for lease |
222 | 246 | 307 | ||||||
Addition to the provision for doubtful accounts |
169 | 155 | 149 | ||||||
Miscellaneous income and expenditure |
414 | 590 | 589 | ||||||
Total expenses |
1,389 | 1,826 | 2,089 | ||||||
Income before tax |
122 | 126 | 223 | ||||||
Corporation tax |
(34 | ) | (1 | ) | (70 | ) | |||
Net income from operations |
88 | 125 | 153 |
174
The low corporation tax in 2001 has been caused by the reversal of state tax liabilities that were no longer needed.
2002 |
2001 |
2000 |
|||||||
Income reported by AEGON: |
|||||||||
Dividend declared through June 30, 2000 |
| | 82 | ||||||
Net income reported from July 1, 2000 |
88 | 125 | 66 | ||||||
Funding costs on the related raised debt, net of tax |
(37 | ) | (53 | ) | (119 | ) | |||
Net income reported by AEGON |
51 | 72 | 29 | ||||||
Cash flow for Transamerica Finance Corporation |
|||||||||
Net cash provided by operating activities |
547 | 465 | 578 | ||||||
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities |
914 | 2,285 | (377 | ) | |||||
Net cash used in financing activities |
(1,463 | ) | (2,737 | ) | (175 | ) |
Notes to the consolidated balance sheets of Transamerica Finance Corporation
Where not otherwise stated, balance sheet items are carried at face value. If necessary a provision for bad and doubtful debts has been deducted.
Cash
All cash is at free disposal
2002 |
2001 | |||
Finance receivables |
||||
The contractual maturity is: |
||||
Less than three months |
1,230 | 2,063 | ||
Between three months and one year |
1,453 | 1,743 | ||
Between one and five years |
2,416 | 3,144 | ||
Over five years |
629 | 915 | ||
Total |
5,728 | 7,865 |
This item includes receivables from lending and leasing activities after deduction of unearned finance charges.
Net finance receivables |
5,901 | 8,021 | ||||
Less allowances for losses |
(173 | ) | (156 | ) | ||
Total |
5,728 | 7,865 |
Transamerica Finance Corporation has entered into securitization arrangements under which it sells designated pools of net finance receivables to qualified special purpose entities (QSPEs). Under the terms of the securitization arrangements, Transamerica non-insurance retains the servicing of the securitized assets and generally receives a servicing fee on the outstanding balance of the securitized assets along with rights to future residual cash flows.
Transamerica Finance Corporation maintains an allowance for losses on net finance receivables at an amount that it believes is sufficient to provide adequate protection against losses in its loan portfolios. The allowance is provided through charges against current income and is adjusted for specific accounts as well as losses inherent in the portfolio.
175
Transamerica Finance Corporation determines its allowance for losses by taking into account expected losses in each business, the ratio of the allowance for losses to net finance receivables outstanding and the ratio of net credit losses to average net finance receivables outstanding. A specific reserve is established for impaired receivables when it is deemed probable that not all future principal and interest payments will be collected in accordance with the applicable contractual terms. This provision is reviewed and updated quarterly.
2002 |
2001 |
|||||
Equipment |
||||||
Balance at January 1 |
129 | 186 | ||||
Investments |
29 | 65 | ||||
Depreciation |
(10 | ) | (26 | ) | ||
Disposals and other changes |
(12 | ) | (106 | ) | ||
Currency rate differences |
(39 | ) | 10 | |||
Balance at December 31 |
97 | 129 | ||||
Accumulated depreciation |
87 | 80 | ||||
Total cost of equipment |
184 | 209 | ||||
Equipment is shown at cost less depreciation over the estimated useful life.
|
||||||
Other assets |
||||||
Equipment held for lease |
1,551 | 2,025 | ||||
Assets held for sale |
113 | 399 | ||||
Other |
644 | 762 | ||||
Total |
2,308 | 3,186 |
Equipment held for lease is shown at cost less depreciation over the estimated useful life. Assets held for sale consists primarily of retail finance receivables, certain off-lease equipment and repossessed assets.
Long-term borrowings
The contractual maturity is:
Less than three months |
218 | 505 | ||
Between three months and one year |
318 | 1,804 | ||
Between one and five years |
2,478 | 2,254 | ||
Over five years |
537 | 363 | ||
Total |
3,551 | 4,926 |
Long-term borrowings include intercompany loans for an amount of EUR 2,342 million (2001: EUR 1,735 million).
The weighted average interest rate on long-term borrowings at December 31, 2002 and 2001 was 6.32% and 6.25%, respectively.
2002 |
2001 | |||
Short-term borrowings |
||||
Commercial Paper |
2,144 | 2,967 | ||
Banks |
76 | 111 | ||
AEGON |
| 104 | ||
Total |
2,220 | 3,182 |
176
The weighted average interest rates on short-term borrowings at December 31, 2002 and 2001 were 1.94% and 2.63% respectively.
Other liabilities
Creditors |
489 | 529 | ||||
Taxes |
(3 | ) | 21 | |||
Other liabilities |
386 | 503 | ||||
Total |
872 | 1,053 | ||||
Shareholders equity |
||||||
Capital |
14 | 17 | ||||
Reserves |
859 | 1,256 | ||||
Total |
873 | 1,273 | ||||
Reserves |
||||||
Balance at January 1 |
1,256 | 1,542 | ||||
Net income |
51 | 72 | ||||
Capital redemptions/contributions |
(161 | ) | (265 | ) | ||
Dividends paid |
(59 | ) | (122 | ) | ||
Goodwill |
| | ||||
Currency exchange rate differences |
(163 | ) | 47 | |||
Other changes |
(65 | ) | (18 | ) | ||
Balance at December 31 |
859 | 1,256 |
Commitments and contingencies
In the ordinary course of business, Transamerica Finance Corporation grants various credit related commitments to meet the financing needs of its customers. Such commitments include purchase obligations and partnership investment commitments, revolving lines of credit and financial guarantees, including guarantees of letters of credit and standby letters of credit. Commitments under such arrangements totaled EUR 2,338 million at December 31, 2002. Transamerica Finance Corporation also is party to various other financial guarantees that could require payment of certain obligations in the event of demand by third parties. These guarantees amounted to EUR 93 million at December 31, 2002.
Notes to the consolidated income statements of Transamerica Finance Corporation
Revenue recognition
Finance charges are generally recognized on an effective yield method. Charges collected in advance on distribution finance receivables are taken into income on a straight-line basis over the periods to which the charges relate, which generally averages ninety days. Related origination and other non-refundable fees and direct origination costs are deferred and amortized as an adjustment of finance charges over the contractual life of the transactions. Accrual of finance charges is suspended on accounts that contractually become past due in excess of ninety days or at the discretion of management.
Leasing revenues are earned on service, rental and term operating leases. Rental revenues are recognized in the period billed. Revenues from service contract minimum and term leases are recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Initial direct costs are amortized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
Real estate service revenues are primarily fees for life of loan property tax payment and reporting services and flood certifications. Life of loan service fees are deferred and recognized in income over the expected service
177
period. The company periodically reviews its revenue recognition method to determine if the contract lives and/or prepayment speeds used have changed. Accordingly, the company may adjust the deferral period to reflect current trends.
2002 |
2001 |
2000 |
|||||||
Breakdown of net income from operations by segment |
|||||||||
Commercial lending |
94 | 87 | 139 | ||||||
Leasing |
(9 | ) | (12 | ) | 8 | ||||
Real estate information |
42 | 42 | 24 | ||||||
Other |
(39 | ) | 8 | (18 | ) | ||||
Net income from operations |
88 | 125 | 153 | ||||||
Salaries and other employee costs |
|||||||||
Salaries |
261 | 319 | 306 | ||||||
Pension expenses |
(4 | ) | (6 | ) | (4 | ) | |||
Social security charges |
14 | 15 | 18 | ||||||
Other employee costs |
61 | 37 | 64 | ||||||
Total |
332 | 365 | 384 |
Transamerica Finance Corporation employed approximately 3,900 people at December 31, 2002 (2001:4,700; 2000: 5,400).
178
3. SEGMENT INFORMATION
2002 |
2001 |
2000 |
|||||||
Amounts in EUR million | |||||||||
Income by product segment |
|||||||||
Traditional life |
1,457 | 1,557 | 1,581 | ||||||
Fixed annuities |
174 | 358 | 461 | ||||||
GICs and funding agreements |
272 | 215 | 179 | ||||||
Life for account policyholders |
371 | 632 | 543 | ||||||
Variable annuities |
(462 | ) | 120 | 141 | |||||
Fee business |
2 | 94 | 98 | ||||||
Book profit Mexico |
| 343 | | ||||||
Life insurance |
1,814 | 3,319 | 3,003 | ||||||
Accident and health insurance |
278 | 209 | 172 | ||||||
General insurance |
62 | 67 | 60 | ||||||
Total insurance activities |
2,154 | 3,595 | 3,235 | ||||||
Banking activities |
8 | 45 | 47 | ||||||
Interest charges and other |
(313 | ) | (397 | ) | (443 | ) | |||
Income before tax |
1,849 | 3,243 | 2,839 | ||||||
Corporation tax |
(353 | ) | (918 | ) | (833 | ) | |||
Transamerica Finance Corporation |
51 | 72 | 29 | ||||||
Labouchere |
| | 31 | ||||||
Net income |
1,547 | 2,397 | 2,066 | ||||||
Income geographically |
|||||||||
Americas |
1,206 | 2,272 | 2,025 | ||||||
The Netherlands |
659 | 924 | 840 | ||||||
United Kingdom |
233 | 372 | 360 | ||||||
Other countries |
64 | 72 | 57 | ||||||
Income before tax business units |
2,162 | 3,640 | 3,282 | ||||||
Interest charges and other |
(313 | ) | (397 | ) | (443 | ) | |||
Income before tax |
1,849 | 3,243 | 2,839 | ||||||
Gross margin |
7,061 | 7,817 | 6,939 | ||||||
Commission and expenses |
5,212 | 4,574 | 4,100 | ||||||
Revenues and production |
|||||||||
Revenues |
|||||||||
Life general account single premiums |
1,789 | 2,165 | 2,224 | ||||||
Life general account recurring premiums |
5,689 | 5,533 | 4,953 | ||||||
Life policyholders account single premiums |
6,232 | 6,363 | 6,823 | ||||||
Life policyholders account recurring premiums |
4,031 | 4,220 | 3,983 | ||||||
Total life insurance gross premiums |
17,741 | 18,281 | 17,983 | ||||||
Accident and health insurance premiums |
2,848 | 2,558 | 2,067 | ||||||
General insurance premiums |
767 | 739 | 721 | ||||||
Total gross premiums |
21,356 | 21,578 | 20,771 | ||||||
Investment income insurance activities1 |
9,325 | 9,840 | 9,534 | ||||||
Income from banking activities |
416 | 384 | 324 | ||||||
Total revenues business units |
31,097 | 31,802 | 30,629 | ||||||
Income from other activities |
47 | 93 | 78 | ||||||
Total revenues |
31,144 | 31,895 | 30,707 |
179
Revenues and production (continued)
2002 |
2001 |
2000 |
|||||||
Revenues by product segment |
|||||||||
Life insurance |
26,435 | 27,620 | 27,165 | ||||||
Accident and health insurance |
3,409 | 2,977 | 2,330 | ||||||
General insurance |
837 | 821 | 810 | ||||||
Banking activities |
416 | 384 | 324 | ||||||
Other activities |
47 | 93 | 78 | ||||||
Total revenues |
31,144 | 31,895 | 30,707 | ||||||
Investment income for the account of policyholders |
(11,524 | ) | (9,515 | ) | (3,495 | ) | |||
Standardized new premium production life insurance |
|||||||||
Single |
7,052 | 8,337 | 8,565 | ||||||
Recurring annualized |
1,776 | 1,783 | 1,717 | ||||||
Total recurring plus 1/10 single |
2,481 | 2,617 | 2,574 | ||||||
Deposits |
|||||||||
Fixed annuities |
7,582 | 7,545 | 4,972 | ||||||
GICs and funding agreements |
10,379 | 12,198 | 11,547 | ||||||
Variable annuities |
10,458 | 6,638 | 8,987 | ||||||
Total |
28,419 | 26,381 | 25,506 | ||||||
Savings deposits |
3,386 | 4,262 | 3,528 | ||||||
Total production on balance sheet |
31,805 | 30,643 | 29,034 | ||||||
Net deposits |
|||||||||
Fixed annuities |
3,585 | 3,086 | 977 | ||||||
GICs and funding agreements |
1,084 | 3,281 | (52 | ) | |||||
Variable annuities |
5,481 | 955 | 2,988 | ||||||
Total |
10,150 | 7,322 | 3,913 | ||||||
Savings deposits |
(336 | ) | 1,057 | (280 | ) | ||||
Total production on balance sheet |
9,814 | 8,379 | 3,633 | ||||||
Investment contracts |
393 | 816 | 938 | ||||||
Off balance sheet production |
|||||||||
Synthetic GICs |
12,881 | 13,077 | 6,379 | ||||||
Mutual funds/Collective Trusts and other managed assets |
9,125 | 8,520 | 9,410 | ||||||
Total production off balance sheet |
22,006 | 21,597 | 15,789 | ||||||
1 Of which indirect income on real estate and shares |
758 | 723 | 595 |
180
Americas
2002 |
2001 |
2000 |
|||||||
Income by product segment |
|||||||||
Traditional life |
859 | 884 | 924 | ||||||
Fixed annuities |
174 | 358 | 461 | ||||||
GICs and funding agreements |
272 | 215 | 179 | ||||||
Life for account policyholders |
112 | 104 | 103 | ||||||
Variable annuities |
(462 | ) | 120 | 141 | |||||
Fee business |
5 | 83 | 80 | ||||||
Book profit Mexico |
| 343 | | ||||||
Life insurance |
960 | 2,107 | 1,888 | ||||||
Accident and health insurance |
246 | 164 | 134 | ||||||
General insurance |
0 | 1 | 3 | ||||||
Total insurance |
1,206 | 2,272 | 2,025 | ||||||
of which general account |
1,551 | 1,965 | 1,701 | ||||||
of which policyholders account1 |
(345 | ) | 307 | 324 | |||||
Income before tax |
1,206 | 2,272 | 2,025 | ||||||
Corporation tax |
(239 | ) | (677 | ) | (686 | ) | |||
Net income |
967 | 1,595 | 1,339 | ||||||
Revenues |
|||||||||
Life general account single premiums |
995 | 1,170 | 1,427 | ||||||
Life general account recurring premiums |
4,721 | 4,667 | 4,190 | ||||||
Life policyholders account single premiums |
835 | 1,118 | 1,073 | ||||||
Life policyholders account recurring premiums |
667 | 795 | 723 | ||||||
Total life insurance gross premiums |
7,218 | 7,750 | 7,413 | ||||||
Accident and health insurance premiums |
2,608 | 2,337 | 1,865 | ||||||
General insurance premiums |
0 | 11 | 5 | ||||||
Total gross premiums |
9,826 | 10,098 | 9,283 | ||||||
Investment income insurance activities |
7,546 | 8,078 | 7,754 | ||||||
Total revenues |
17,372 | 18,176 | 17,037 | ||||||
Investment income for the account of policyholders |
(5,965 | ) | (5,951 | ) | (3,981 | ) | |||
Gross margin, commissions and expenses |
|||||||||
Gross margin |
4,939 | 5,664 | 5,016 | ||||||
Commissions and expenses |
3,733 | 3,392 | 2,991 | ||||||
Standardized new premium production life insurance |
|||||||||
Single premiums |
1,667 | 2,149 | 2,129 | ||||||
Recurring premiums annualized |
872 | 887 | 1,050 | ||||||
Total recurring plus 1/10 single |
1,039 | 1,102 | 1,263 | ||||||
Deposits |
|||||||||
Fixed annuities |
7,582 | 7,545 | 4,972 | ||||||
GICs and funding agreements |
10,379 | 12,198 | 11,547 | ||||||
Variable annuities |
10,458 | 6,638 | 8,987 | ||||||
Total production on balance sheet |
28,419 | 26,381 | 25,506 | ||||||
Off balance sheet production |
|||||||||
Synthetic GICs |
12,881 | 13,077 | 6,379 | ||||||
Mutual funds/Collective Trusts and other managed assets |
7,020 | 7,148 | 8,040 | ||||||
Total production off balance sheet |
19,901 | 20,225 | 14,419 |
1 | Includes also variable annuities and fees. |
181
The Netherlands
2002 |
2001 |
2000 |
|||||||
Income by product segment |
|||||||||
Traditional life |
552 | 614 | 577 | ||||||
Life for account policyholders |
49 | 192 | 150 | ||||||
Life insurance |
601 | 806 | 727 | ||||||
Accident and health insurance |
26 | 36 | 34 | ||||||
General insurance |
24 | 37 | 32 | ||||||
Total insurance |
651 | 879 | 793 | ||||||
of which general account |
602 | 687 | 643 | ||||||
of which policyholders account |
49 | 192 | 150 | ||||||
Banking activities 1 |
8 | 45 | 47 | ||||||
Income before tax |
659 | 924 | 840 | ||||||
Corporation tax |
(136 | ) | (228 | ) | (187 | ) | |||
Net income |
523 | 696 | 653 | ||||||
Revenues |
|||||||||
Life general account single premiums |
507 | 768 | 553 | ||||||
Life general account recurring premiums |
564 | 569 | 602 | ||||||
Life policyholders account single premiums |
1,171 | 814 | 739 | ||||||
Life policyholders account recurring premiums |
1,331 | 1,486 | 1,429 | ||||||
Total life insurance gross premiums |
3,573 | 3,637 | 3,323 | ||||||
Accident and health insurance premiums |
162 | 146 | 129 | ||||||
General insurance premiums |
447 | 422 | 408 | ||||||
Total gross premiums |
4,182 | 4,205 | 3,860 | ||||||
Investment income insurance activities |
1,454 | 1,484 | 1,502 | ||||||
Income from banking activities |
416 | 384 | 324 | ||||||
Total revenues |
6,052 | 6,073 | 5,686 | ||||||
Investment income for the account of policyholders |
(1,165 | ) | (155 | ) | 333 | ||||
Gross margin, commissions and expenses |
|||||||||
Gross margin |
1,325 | 1,479 | 1,374 | ||||||
Commissions and expenses 2 |
666 | 555 | 534 | ||||||
Standardized new premium production life insurance |
|||||||||
Single premiums |
1,536 | 1,625 | 1,292 | ||||||
Recurring premiums annualized |
191 | 188 | 172 | ||||||
Total recurring plus 1/10 single |
345 | 351 | 301 | ||||||
Deposits |
|||||||||
Savings deposits |
3,386 | 4,262 | 3,528 | ||||||
Total production on balance sheet |
3,386 | 4,262 | 3,528 | ||||||
Investment contracts |
393 | 816 | 938 | ||||||
Off balance sheet production |
|||||||||
Mutual funds and other managed assets |
1,223 | 868 | 354 | ||||||
Total production off balance sheet |
1,223 | 868 | 354 |
1 | Includes income on off balance sheet type products. |
2 | Includes the effect of a change in presentation of investments costs from a net basis to a gross basis and from various provisions formed in 2002. |
182
United Kingdom
2002 |
2001 |
2000 |
|||||||
Income by product segment |
|||||||||
Traditional life |
19 | 22 | 52 | ||||||
Life for account policyholders |
224 | 346 | 295 | ||||||
Fee business |
(10 | ) | 4 | 13 | |||||
Life insurance |
233 | 372 | 360 | ||||||
of which general account |
19 | 22 | 52 | ||||||
of which policyholders account1 |
214 | 350 | 308 | ||||||
Income before tax |
233 | 372 | 360 | ||||||
Corporation tax |
(55 | ) | (107 | ) | (98 | ) | |||
Net income |
178 | 265 | 262 | ||||||
Revenues |
|||||||||
Life general account single premiums |
273 | 181 | 160 | ||||||
Life general account recurring premiums |
129 | 79 | 16 | ||||||
Life policyholders account single premiums |
4,196 | 4,361 | 4,859 | ||||||
Life policyholders account recurring premiums |
1,835 | 1,767 | 1,703 | ||||||
Total gross premiums |
6,433 | 6,388 | 6,738 | ||||||
Investment income insurance activities |
176 | 129 | 145 | ||||||
Total revenues |
6,609 | 6,517 | 6,883 | ||||||
Investment income for the account of policyholders |
(4,266 | ) | (3,325 | ) | 181 | ||||
Gross margin, commissions and expenses |
|||||||||
Gross margin |
733 | 728 | 689 | ||||||
Commissions and expenses |
500 | 356 | 329 | ||||||
Standardized new premium production life insurance |
|||||||||
Single premiums |
3,804 | 4,447 | 4,896 | ||||||
Recurring premiums annualized |
556 | 583 | 394 | ||||||
Total recurring plus 1/10 single |
936 | 1,028 | 884 | ||||||
Off balance sheet production |
|||||||||
Mutual funds and other managed assets |
696 | 442 | 952 | ||||||
Total production off balance sheet |
696 | 442 | 952 |
1 | Includes also fee income. |
183
Other countries
Hungary |
Spain |
Other countries |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
2002 |
2001 |
2000 |
2002 |
2001 |
2000 |
2002 |
2001 |
2000 |
|||||||||||||||||||
Income by product segment |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Traditional life |
27 | 35 | 30 | 0 | 9 | 8 | 0 | (7 | ) | (10 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Life for account of policyholders |
3 | (6 | ) | (4 | ) | (11 | ) | (8 | ) | (3 | ) | (6 | ) | 4 | 2 | ||||||||||||
Fee business |
7 | 7 | 5 | | | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||
Life insurance |
37 | 36 | 31 | (11 | ) | 1 | 5 | (6 | ) | (3 | ) | (8 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Accident and health insurance |
0 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 9 | 4 | | | | ||||||||||||||||||
General insurance |
22 | 24 | 21 | 17 | 6 | 4 | (1 | ) | (1 | ) | 0 | ||||||||||||||||
Total insurance |
59 | 60 | 52 | 12 | 16 | 13 | (7 | ) | (4 | ) | (8 | ) | |||||||||||||||
of which general account |
49 | 59 | 51 | 23 | 24 | 16 | (1 | ) | (8 | ) | (10 | ) | |||||||||||||||
of which policyholders account1 |
10 | 1 | 1 | (11 | ) | (8 | ) | (3 | ) | (6 | ) | 4 | 2 | ||||||||||||||
Income before tax |
59 | 60 | 52 | 12 | 16 | 13 | (7 | ) | (4 | ) | (8 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Corporation tax |
(11 | ) | (10 | ) | (8 | ) | (3 | ) | (1 | ) | 0 | 2 | 0 | (1 | ) | ||||||||||||
Net income |
48 | 50 | 44 | 9 | 15 | 13 | (5 | ) | (4 | ) | (9 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Revenues |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Life general account single premiums |
1 | 0 | 4 | 7 | 43 | 76 | 6 | 3 | 4 | ||||||||||||||||||
Life general account recurring premiums |
82 | 77 | 82 | 50 | 52 | 38 | 143 | 89 | 25 | ||||||||||||||||||
Life policyholders account single premiums |
6 | 10 | 34 | 16 | 45 | 97 | 8 | 15 | 21 | ||||||||||||||||||
Life policyholders account recurring premiums |
50 | 36 | 18 | 25 | 38 | 38 | 123 | 98 | 72 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total life insurance gross premiums |
139 | 123 | 138 | 98 | 178 | 249 | 280 | 205 | 122 | ||||||||||||||||||
Accident and health insurance premiums |
1 | 1 | 1 | 78 | 74 | 72 | (1 | ) | 0 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||
General insurance premiums |
91 | 84 | 84 | 229 | 221 | 218 | 0 | 1 | 6 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total gross premiums |
231 | 208 | 223 | 405 | 473 | 539 | 279 | 206 | 128 | ||||||||||||||||||
Investment income insurance activities |
80 | 76 | 77 | 51 | 54 | 46 | 18 | 19 | 10 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total revenues |
311 | 284 | 300 | 456 | 527 | 585 | 297 | 225 | 138 | ||||||||||||||||||
Investment income for the account of policyholders |
5 | 4 | 2 | (47 | ) | (36 | ) | (26 | ) | (86 | ) | (52 | ) | (4 | ) | ||||||||||||
Gross margin, commissions and expenses |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gross margin |
135 | 131 | 126 | 120 | 117 | 109 | 74 | 57 | 34 | ||||||||||||||||||
Commissions and expenses |
76 | 71 | 74 | 108 | 101 | 96 | 81 | 61 | 42 | ||||||||||||||||||
Standardized new premium production life insurance |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Single premiums |
7 | 10 | 38 | 23 | 89 | 184 | 15 | 17 | 26 | ||||||||||||||||||
Recurring premiums annualized |
21 | 22 | 18 | 14 | 35 | 46 | 121 | 68 | 37 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total recurring plus 1/10 single |
22 | 23 | 22 | 16 | 44 | 64 | 123 | 70 | 40 | ||||||||||||||||||
Off balance sheet production |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Mutual funds and other managed assets |
186 | 62 | 64 | | | | | | |
1 | Includes also fee income |
184
Investments, assets and capital geographically
Americas |
The Netherlands |
United Kingdom |
Other countries |
Total | ||||||
As at December 31, 2002 |
||||||||||
Investments |
||||||||||
Fixed income |
100,643 | 10,792 | 1,507 | 1,611 | 114,553 | |||||
Equities and real estate |
3,299 | 4,943 | 135 | 133 | 8,510 | |||||
Total general account |
103,942 | 15,735 | 1,642 | 1,744 | 123,063 | |||||
Fixed income |
11,397 | 11,139 | 23,675 | 312 | 46,523 | |||||
Equities and real estate |
22,193 | 5,934 | 19,892 | 186 | 48,205 | |||||
Total account policyholders |
33,590 | 17,073 | 43,567 | 498 | 94,728 | |||||
Total insurance activities |
137,532 | 32,808 | 45,209 | 2,242 | 217,791 | |||||
Banking activities |
| 7,167 | | | 7,167 | |||||
Off balance sheet assets |
48,639 | 1,689 | 1,239 | 471 | 52,038 | |||||
Total assets business units |
186,171 | 41,664 | 46,448 | 2,713 | 276,996 | |||||
Other investments |
378 | |||||||||
Total group |
277,374 | |||||||||
Assets business units |
142,985 | 42,750 | 45,910 | 2,541 | 234,186 | |||||
Other assets |
4,020 | |||||||||
Total assets on balance sheet |
238,206 | |||||||||
Capital in units |
15,751 | 2,605 | 3,117 | 399 | 21,872 | |||||
Total capital base |
20,058 | |||||||||
Other net liabilities |
1,814 | |||||||||
Total |
21,872 | |||||||||
As at December 31, 2001 |
||||||||||
Investments |
||||||||||
Fixed income |
105,087 | 11,411 | 1,323 | 1,401 | 119,222 | |||||
Equities and real estate |
4,840 | 6,290 | 147 | 155 | 11,432 | |||||
Total general account |
109,927 | 17,701 | 1,470 | 1,556 | 130,654 | |||||
Fixed income |
13,879 | 6,024 | 23,022 | 354 | 43,279 | |||||
Equities and real estate |
30,044 | 12,014 | 27,739 | 196 | 69,993 | |||||
Total account policyholders |
43,923 | 18,038 | 50,761 | 550 | 113,272 | |||||
Total insurance activities |
153,850 | 35,739 | 52,231 | 2,106 | 243,926 | |||||
Banking activities |
| 7,047 | | | 7,047 | |||||
Off balance sheet assets |
50,982 | 1,319 | 1,336 | 247 | 53,884 | |||||
Total assets business units |
204,832 | 44,105 | 53,567 | 2,353 | 304,857 | |||||
Other investments |
464 | |||||||||
Total group |
305,321 | |||||||||
Assets business units |
159,180 | 44,834 | 52,976 | 2,400 | 259,390 | |||||
Other assets |
4,671 | |||||||||
Total assets on balance sheet |
264,061 | |||||||||
Capital in units |
15,795 | 3,654 | 2,910 | 374 | 22,733 | |||||
Total capital base |
22,676 | |||||||||
Other net liabilities |
57 | |||||||||
Total |
22,733 |
185
Face value and total sums insured
Americas |
The Netherlands |
United Kingdom |
Hungary |
Spain |
Other 1 countries |
Total |
|||||||||||||||
Year 2002 |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Life Insurance |
|||||||||||||||||||||
New insurance written |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Individual |
120,831 | 2,622 | 6,718 | 84 | 170 | 1,303 | 131,728 | ||||||||||||||
Group |
14,731 | 4,887 | 2,645 | 187 | 48 | 0 | 22,498 | ||||||||||||||
Total 2002 |
135,562 | 7,509 | 9,363 | 271 | 218 | 1,303 | 154,226 | ||||||||||||||
Total 2001 |
85,732 | 9,777 | 9,039 | 298 | 360 | 802 | 106,008 | ||||||||||||||
Net increase |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Individual |
24,367 | (2,764 | ) | (6,513 | ) | (9 | ) | (307 | ) | 1,734 | 16,508 | ||||||||||
Group |
(15,909 | ) | (1,091 | ) | (3,086 | ) | 37 | (122 | ) | (48 | ) | (20,219 | ) | ||||||||
Total 2002 |
8,458 | (3,855 | ) | (9,599 | ) | 28 | (429 | ) | 1,686 | (3,711 | ) | ||||||||||
Total 2001 |
77,221 | 3,663 | 2,236 | 77 | 110 | 1,702 | 85,009 | ||||||||||||||
Total sums insured at year-end |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Individual |
973,664 | 46,038 | 70,680 | 1,362 | 1,957 | 4,736 | 1,098,437 | ||||||||||||||
Group |
59,623 | 67,917 | 17,793 | 257 | 714 | 0 | 146,304 | ||||||||||||||
Total 2002 |
1,033,287 | 113,955 | 88,473 | 1,619 | 2,671 | 4,736 | 1,244,741 | ||||||||||||||
Total 2001 |
1,024,829 | 117,810 | 98,072 | 1,591 | 3,100 | 3,050 | 1,248,452 |
1 | Includes one-time effect of sale Philippines |
Fixed income investments general account
Americas |
The Netherlands |
United Kingdom |
Other countries |
Total |
% of total | |||||||
December 31, 2002 |
||||||||||||
Treasuries/Agencies |
6,570 | 2,294 | 338 | 862 | 10,064 | 9 | ||||||
High Quality (AAA) |
12,953 | 1,608 | 289 | 101 | 14,951 | 13 | ||||||
High Quality (AA) |
8,735 | 689 | 270 | 224 | 9,918 | 9 | ||||||
Investment grade (A) |
27,251 | 647 | 479 | 280 | 28,657 | 25 | ||||||
Investment grade (BBB) |
24,025 | 272 | 124 | 20 | 24,441 | 21 | ||||||
High yield (BB+ or less) |
6,394 | 51 | 3 | 5 | 6,453 | 6 | ||||||
Mortgages |
12,509 | 4,924 | 0 | 8 | 17,441 | 15 | ||||||
Others |
2,206 | 307 | 1 | 111 | 2,628 | 2 | ||||||
Total |
100,643 | 10,792 | 1,507 | 1,611 | 114,553 | 100 | ||||||
December 31, 2001 1 |
||||||||||||
Treasuries/Agencies |
4,964 | 14 | 370 | 766 | 6,114 | 5 | ||||||
High Quality (AAA/AA) |
22,693 | 5,053 | 480 | 338 | 28,564 | 24 | ||||||
Investment grade (A/BBB) |
54,281 | 595 | 468 | 209 | 55,553 | 47 | ||||||
High yield (BB+ or less) |
6,252 | 173 | 0 | 6 | 6,431 | 5 | ||||||
Mortgages |
14,305 | 5,238 | 0 | 10 | 19,553 | 16 | ||||||
Others |
2,592 | 338 | 5 | 72 | 3,007 | 3 | ||||||
Total |
105,087 | 11,411 | 1,323 | 1,401 | 119,222 | 100 |
1 | Adjusted for comparison purposes to reflect the accounting change of the preferred shares and the change in rating structure whereby NAIC was no longer used as a source. |
186
4. PARENT COMPANY
Amounts in EUR millions
4.1. Balance Sheets of AEGON N.V. at December 31
Note number |
2002 |
2001 | ||||
Investments |
||||||
Group companies |
||||||
Shares in group companies |
4.4.1. | 12,464 | 11,850 | |||
Loans to group companies |
4.4.2. | 5,361 | 6,490 | |||
Other loans |
4.4.3. | 352 | 435 | |||
18,177 | 18,775 | |||||
Receivables |
||||||
Receivables from group companies |
2,394 | 2,844 | ||||
Other assets |
||||||
Liquid assets |
8 | 42 | ||||
Other assets |
24 | 26 | ||||
32 | 68 | |||||
Prepayments and accrued income |
||||||
Accrued interest and rent |
136 | 177 | ||||
Total assets |
20,739 | 21,864 | ||||
Shareholders equity |
||||||
Share capital |
4.4.4. | 226 | 224 | |||
Tax-free paid-in surplus |
4.4.5. | 7,125 | 5,074 | |||
Revaluation account |
4.4.5. | 2,598 | 4,640 | |||
Other surplus fund |
4.4.5. | 2,765 | 3,591 | |||
Net income available for the general meeting of shareholders1 |
1,517 | 2,394 | ||||
14,231 | 15,9232 | |||||
Perpetual cumulative subordinated loans |
1,517 | 1,517 | ||||
Subordinated loans |
616 | 670 | ||||
Provisions |
342 | 197 | ||||
Long-term liabilities |
4.4.6. | 1,618 | 1,888 | |||
Current liabilities |
||||||
Amounts owed to credit institutions |
2,198 | 1,297 | ||||
Other payables |
135 | 2622 | ||||
2,333 | 1,559 | |||||
Accruals and deferred income |
82 | 110 | ||||
Total equity and liabilities |
20,739 | 21,864 |
1 | Excluding dividend on preferred shares of EUR 30 million (2001: EUR 3 million). |
2 | Amounts adjusted by EUR 631 million due to the change in presentation of dividend. |
187
4.2. Income Statements of AEGON N.V.
2002 |
2001 |
2000 |
|||||||
Net income group companies |
1,511 | 2,337 | 2,053 | ||||||
Other income |
36 | 60 | 13 | ||||||
Net income |
1,547 | 2,397 | 2,066 | ||||||
4.3. Cash Flow Statements of AEGON N.V. |
|||||||||
Cash flow from operations |
|||||||||
Net income |
1,547 | 2,397 | 2,066 | ||||||
Equity in earnings of group companies |
(1,511 | ) | (2,337 | ) | (2,053 | ) | |||
Change in provisions |
145 | 30 | (221 | ) | |||||
Change in current liabilities |
749 | 315 | 247 | ||||||
Change in receivables |
43 | (106 | ) | 1 | |||||
Other items |
0 | 223 | 480 | ||||||
973 | 522 | 520 | |||||||
Cash flow from investing activities |
|||||||||
Investments in group companies |
(3,756 | ) | | (1,396 | ) | ||||
Dividends from group companies |
| 360 | 1,753 | ||||||
Amounts due to group companies |
450 | (91 | ) | (418 | ) | ||||
Change in loans to group companies |
78 | (2,893 | ) | (593 | ) | ||||
Change in other loans |
83 | 89 | 150 | ||||||
Divestitures of group companies |
1,149 | | 847 | ||||||
(1,996 | ) | (2,535 | ) | 343 | |||||
Cash flow from financing activities |
|||||||||
Issuance of common shares |
| 1,685 | | ||||||
Paid in capital preferred shares |
2,053 | | | ||||||
Withdrawal of preferred shares |
| | (15 | ) | |||||
Change in long-term liabilities |
(324 | ) | 979 | 81 | |||||
Options exercised |
| 3 | 7 | ||||||
Cash settlement stock options |
(6 | ) | (71 | ) | (200 | ) | |||
Repurchased own shares |
| (21 | ) | (423 | ) | ||||
Dividend paid |
(734 | ) | (544 | ) | (298 | ) | |||
989 | 2,031 | (848 | ) | ||||||
Change in liquid assets |
(34 | ) | 18 | 15 |
4.4. Notes to the Balance Sheets of AEGON N.V.
Accounting principles
Unless otherwise stated, balance sheet items are valued in accordance with the accounting principles described in the notes to the consolidated balance sheets.
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4.4.1. Shares in group companies
2002 |
2001 |
|||||
Balance at January 1 |
11,850 | 11,251 | ||||
Capital contribution and acquisitions |
3,756 | 0 | ||||
Divestitures |
(1,149 | ) | 0 | |||
Net income for the financial year |
1,511 | 2,337 | ||||
Dividend distributed |
| (360 | ) | |||
Goodwill |
| (277 | ) | |||
Revaluations |
(3,504 | ) | (1,101 | ) | ||
Balance at December 31 |
12,464 | 11,850 |
The group companies are stated at their net asset value.
Balance at January 1 |
6,490 | 3,392 | ||||
Additional loans |
941 | 4,117 | ||||
Repayments or payments received |
(1,019 | ) | (1,224 | ) | ||
Other changes |
(1,051 | ) | 205 | |||
Balance at December 31 |
5,361 | 6,490 |
4.4.3. Other loans
Balance at January 1 |
435 | 524 | ||||
Repayments or payments received |
(83 | ) | (89 | ) | ||
Balance at December 31 |
352 | 435 |
Common shares |
Preferred shares |
Total | ||||
4.4.4. Shareholders equity |
||||||
Share capital |
||||||
Authorized |
312 | 168 | 480 | |||
Unissued |
139 | 115 | 254 | |||
Issued and outstanding |
173 | 53 | 226 |
Vereniging AEGON, based in The Hague, holds all of the issued preferred shares.
On June 29, 2001 AEGON N.V. entered into a Total Return Swap (TRS) with Vereniging AEGON in order to hedge the stock option plan for 2001. The TRS gives AEGON N.V. effectively the right to the capital gains on 11,288,800 AEGON N.V. shares at the termination date and to the dividends on these shares during the contract period. The capital gains are calculated based on an exercise price of EUR 32.04. Any losses compared to the exercise price will be paid by AEGON N.V. to Vereniging AEGON upon termination. AEGON N.V. in return will pay interest to Vereniging AEGON on a quarterly basis over the (remaining) amount outstanding under the TRS. The interest rate is equal to the 3 month EURIBOR plus a spread. The TRS ends on March 12, 2006 but may be terminated earlier, either partly or entirely, at the option of AEGON N.V The total return swap is carried at fair value with changes in fair value reported in equity.
On March 11, 2002 AEGON N.V. entered into a second Total Return Swap (TRS) with Vereniging AEGON in order to hedge the stock appreciation rights plan for 2002. The TRS gives AEGON N.V. the right to the capital gains on 7,800,000 AEGON N.V. shares at the termination date and to the dividends on these shares during the contract period. The capital gains are calculated based on the exercise price of EUR 26.70. Any losses compared
189
to the exercise price will be paid by AEGON N.V. to Vereniging AEGON upon termination. AEGON N.V. in return will pay interest to Vereniging AEGON on a quarterly basis over the (remaining) amount outstanding under the TRS. The interest rate is equal to the 3-month EURIBOR plus a spread. The TRS matures on March 11, 2009, but may be terminated earlier, either partly or entirely, at the option of AEGON N.V. The TRS is carried at fair value with changes in fair value reported in equity.
On September 17, 2002 Vereniging AEGON and AEGON N.V. agreed to mark to market the existing TRS agreements that hedge the 2001 and 2002 share option and stock appreciation rights plans based on the EUR 10.04 closing price of AEGON N.V. share on Euronext Amsterdam. This resulted in a payment to Vereniging AEGON of EUR 378.3 million.
2002 |
2001 | |||
Number of common shares |
||||
Balance at January 1 |
1,422,253,234 | 1,350,523,905 | ||
Issuance of shares |
| 55,000,000 | ||
Stock dividend |
22,325,888 | 16,484,329 | ||
Exercise of options |
| 245,000 | ||
Balance at December 31 |
1,444,579,122 | 1,422,253,234 |
The weighted average number of EUR 0.12 common shares over 2002 was 1,401,552,845 (2001: 1,357,349,252).
The repurchased own shares, although included in the issued and outstanding number of shares, are eliminated in the calculation of the weighted average number of shares.
Stock options and stock appreciation rights
Senior executives of AEGON companies as well as other AEGON employees have been offered AEGON stock appreciation rights in 2002 which do not entitle to buy AEGON shares but provide the same financial benefits. In previous years also stock options were offered. Rights and options have been granted at an exercise price equal to the market price of the shares at the date of the grant. The rights granted in 2002 are vested after two years and can only be exercised during five years after the vesting date. The plans for 1997 up to and including 2001 can be exercised three years after being granted and then during a period of two years. Plans for stock appreciation rights and in the past stock option plans can only be established after the prior consent of the Annual General Meeting. If, subsequently, the Executive Board decides to implement such plans, that decision has to be approved by the Supervisory Board. Rights and options granted in earlier years can generally be exercised during a period of five years. Options granted pursuant to the purchase agreement with Providian have various expiration dates. The options granted in 1997 to senior executives of former Providian business units fully vest in three years and the exercise period is up to ten years, ending at the latest in August 2008.
In compliance with regulations, stock options and appreciation rights cannot be exercised in black-out periods.
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The following tables set forth the changes in the years 2000, 2001 and 2002 as well as the breakdown of options and stock appreciation rights (SARs) outstanding.
Number of options/ |
Weighted average exercise price in EUR | ||||
Balance at January 1, 2000 |
37,355,628 | 26.25 | |||
Issued |
10,609,700 | 34.50 | |||
Exercised |
(5,891,026 | ) | 12.74 | ||
Lapsed |
(148,018 | ) | 21.75 | ||
Balance at December 31, 2000 |
41,926,284 | 30.22 | |||
Issued |
11,288,800 | 34.84 | |||
Exercised |
(3,920,532 | ) | 12.46 | ||
Lapsed |
(25,374 | ) | 49.54 | ||
Balance at December 31, 2001 |
49,269,178 | 32.69 | |||
Issued |
11,555,700 | 26.70 | |||
Exercised |
(883,376 | ) | 16.36 | ||
Lapsed |
(5,004,000 | ) | 17.31 | ||
Balance at December 31, 2002 |
54,937,502 | 34.98 |
Options/SARs |
Original number 1 |
January 1, 2002 1 |
Outstanding December 31, 2002 1 |
Exercise price in EUR 1 |
Exercise period 3 | |||||
1996 |
9,886,700 | 138,000 | | 9.79 | until January 1, 2003 | |||||
1997 |
9,479,500 | 6,059,500 | 344,500 | 17.36 | until January 1, 2004 | |||||
Providian |
7,204,384 | 1,216,278 | 1,186,402 | 20.842 | until August 6, 2008 | |||||
1998 |
11,518,000 | 11,032,000 | 11,027,500 | 29.02 | until March 23, 2003 | |||||
1999 4 |
8,925,300 | 8,924,900 | 8,924,900 | 46.95 | until March 6, 2004 | |||||
2000 4 |
10,609,700 | 10,609,700 | 10,609,700 | 34.50 | until March 14, 2005 | |||||
2001 4 |
11,288,800 | 11,288,800 | 11,288,800 | 34.84 | until March 13, 2006 | |||||
2002 5 |
11,555,700 | 11,555,700 | 26.70 | until March 12, 2009 | ||||||
80,468,084 | 49,269,178 | 54,937,502 |
1 | Adjusted for the stock splits in 1998 and 2000 as appropriate. |
2 | Weighted average exercise price of the outstanding options in USD calculated at the closing rate. |
3 | Up to and including the 1999 series the exercise period for a small part of the options is 74 months. |
4 | Including stock appreciation rights, which do not entitle to buy AEGON shares but provide the same financial benefits. |
5 | Stock appreciation rights, which do not entitle to buy AEGON shares but provide the same financial benefits; only employees in Canada were granted 263,100 stock options. |
Stock options exercisable as of December 31, 2002 amount to 20,395,702 (2001: 18,445,778 and 2000: 10,760,566) and their weighted average exercise price amounts to EUR 35.24 (2001: EUR 24.75 and 2000: EUR 13.45).
The fair value of the stock options and stock appreciation rights granted during the year amounts to EUR 76 million at the grant date (2001: EUR 83 million and 2000: EUR 74 million). This value was estimated using the binomial option pricing model, taking into account that the SARs and options granted in 2002 vest after two years and the options granted in 2001 and 2000 cannot be exercised within the first three years.
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The breakdown of the stock options and stock appreciation rights granted in 2002 is as follows: Executive Board 150,000, other senior executives 4,041,000, other employees 7,364,700 (2001: 400,000, 3,824,700 and 7,064,100 and 2000: 640,000, 4,125,300 and 5,844,400 respectively recalculated for the split in May 2000).
For detailed information about the Executive Boards options refer to note 2.7.
Paid-in surplus |
Revaluation account |
Other surplus fund |
Total 2002 |
Total 2001 |
|||||||||||
4.4.5. Surplus funds |
|||||||||||||||
Balance at January 1 (2001 after appropriation of profit) |
5,074 | 4,640 | 3,591 | 13,305 | 12,629 | ||||||||||
Reversal of presentation final dividend 2000 |
580 | ||||||||||||||
Balance at January 1 after change in presentation |
5,074 | 4,640 | 3,591 | 13,305 | 13,209 | ||||||||||
Net income 2001 excluding preferred dividend |
2,394 | 2,394 | | ||||||||||||
Final dividend and interim dividend |
(731 | ) | (731 | ) | (541 | ) | |||||||||
Issuance of new shares |
| 1,677 | |||||||||||||
Paid in on preferred shares |
2,053 | 2,053 | | ||||||||||||
Repurchased and sold own shares |
0 | (21 | ) | ||||||||||||
Valuation equity swap |
(318 | ) | (318 | ) | (19 | ) | |||||||||
Exercised options |
0 | 3 | |||||||||||||
Stock dividend |
(2 | ) | (2 | ) | (2 | ) | |||||||||
Revaluation group companies: |
|||||||||||||||
Goodwill |
(70 | ) | (70 | ) | (286 | ) | |||||||||
Sale Mexico |
| 602 | |||||||||||||
Currency exchange rate differences |
(90 | ) | (1,397 | ) | (1,487 | ) | 430 | ||||||||
Other revaluations |
(1,952 | ) | 5 | (1,947 | ) | (1,531 | ) | ||||||||
Currency exchange rate differences |
(703 | ) | (703 | ) | (50 | ) | |||||||||
Cash settlement subordinated convertible loan |
| (68 | ) | ||||||||||||
Settlement stock option plans |
(6 | ) | (6 | ) | (71 | ) | |||||||||
Other movements |
0 | 0 | (27 | ) | |||||||||||
Balance at December 31 |
7,125 | 2,598 | 2,765 | 12,488 | 13,305 |
The minimum of the revaluation account for the consolidated investments as required by law amounts to EUR 542 million (2001: EUR 739 million).
The legal reserve for currency differences on foreign subsidiaries refers to accumulated translation differences amounting to EUR 166 million (2001: EUR 1,653 million) and is included in the other surplus fund.
The paid-in amount on preferred shares is EUR 2,064 million contributed by Vereniging AEGON less EUR 11 million related costs.
2002 |
2001 |
|||||
Consolidated revaluation account real estate and shares |
||||||
Balance of revaluations at January 1 |
4,640 | 6,177 | ||||
Unrealized gains and losses on real estate and shares |
(1,560 | ) | (1,051 | ) | ||
Unrealized gains and losses in previous years on real estate and shares sold in the reporting year |
1,337 | 517 | ||||
Realized gains and losses on real estate and shares |
(1,343 | ) | (507 | ) | ||
Transfer to the income statements of indirect income on real estate and shares |
(758 | ) | (723 | ) | ||
Changes in the provision for deferred taxation |
323 | 306 | ||||
Other changes |
(41 | ) | (79 | ) | ||
Balance at December 31 |
2,598 | 4,640 |
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Unrealized gains and losses on investments are due to changes in stock exchange quotations and reappraisal of real estate of all activities.
The indirect income is released from these revaluations if and as far as the balance for real estate and shares separately is positive. Impairments of shares are charged to the realized part of the revaluation account. Moreover, the minimum reserves as required by law are to be maintained. These minimum reserves consist of the unrealized difference between the book value and the cost prices of real estate and shares, respectively. In relation to this, as at December 31, 2002, an amount of EUR 2,056 million after tax is presently available for release from the revaluations whereas the remainder is only available after realization.
Other surplus fund
By virtue of acquisition in accordance with article 98, paragraph 5 of Book 2 of the Dutch Civil Code, per balance sheet date AEGON kept 30,918,580 own common shares with a face value of EUR 0.12 each. The shares have been purchased to hedge stock option rights granted to executives and employees.
Movements in the numbers of shares were as follows:
Balance at January 1 |
30,923,080 | ||
Purchase: 1 transaction, price EUR 10.00 |
206,400,000 | ||
Sale: 4 transactions, average price EUR 10.00 |
(206,404,500 | ) | |
Balance at December 31 |
30,918,580 |
The purchase and sales values of the related shares have been deducted from respectively added to the other surplus fund.
Goodwill is the difference between acquisition price and net asset value, based on AEGON accounting principles. The calculated amount is charged to shareholders equity in the year of acquisition.
2002 |
2001 | |||
4.4.6. Long-term liabilities |
||||
Remaining terms up to 3 years |
1,215 | 1,458 | ||
Remaining terms 4-5 years |
7 | | ||
Remaining terms over 5 years |
396 | 430 | ||
Total long-term liabilities |
1,618 | 1,888 | ||
Redemptions due in 2003/2002 |
521 | 719 |
Redemptions are included in long-term liabilities.
The repayment periods of borrowings vary from in excess of one year up to a maximum of 28 years. The interest rates vary from 1.42% to 9.875% per annum.
The market value of the long-term liabilities amounts to EUR 1,552 million (2001: EUR 1,911 million).
Commitments and contingencies
AEGON N.V. has guaranteed and is severally liable for the following:
Due and punctual payment of payables by the consolidated group companies AEGON Funding Corp. and AEGON Funding Corp. II with respect to bonds, notes issued and Commercial Paper Programs.
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Due and punctual payment of payables by Transamerica Finance Corp. with respect to notes issued in connection with Transamerica Finance Corp.s Commercial Paper Program.
FGH BANK N.V., for the sake of
a. | all unsubordinated and non-privileged creditors, to whom FGH BANK owes from deeds prior to February 27, 1987, and from all loans contracted by FGH BANK after February 27, 1987, up to March 30, 1998; |
b. | those whom FGH BANK guaranteed or assumed several liability prior to February 27, 1987. |
The sales agreement with Hypo-Vereinsbank includes recourse against that bank for liabilities emerging from above guarantees.
The Hague, March 5, 2003
Supervisory Board |
Executive Board | |
M. Tabaksblat |
D.J. Shepard | |
H. de Ruiter |
P. van de Geijn | |
D.G. Eustace |
J.B.M. Streppel | |
O.J. Olcay |
J.G. van der Werf | |
K.M.H. Peijs |
||
G.A. Posthumus |
||
T. Rembe |
||
W.F.C. Stevens |
||
K.J. Storm |
||
F.J. de Wit |
5. EXPLANATION OF DIFFERENCES BETWEEN DUTCH ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLES AND US GAAP
The consolidated financial statements of AEGON N.V. have been prepared in accordance with Dutch Accounting Principles as explained in more detail in Note 1 and 2 to the financial statements. Dutch Accounting Principles (DAP) differ in certain respects from accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (US GAAP). The following is a summary of differences between Dutch Accounting Principles and US GAAP which have an impact on reported Shareholders Equity or Net Income.
DESCRIPTION OF DIFFERENCES IN ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLES
Real estate
Under DAP real estate is shown at market value, being the selling-value under normal market circumstances. New property is valued at construction cost including interest during the construction period, or at purchase price. Unrealized and realized gains and losses on real estate investments as well as results, expenses and currency exchange rate differences from hedging transactions are recognized in the revaluation account, taking into account the related (deferred) taxes.
Under US GAAP real estate is carried at historical cost less accumulated depreciation and is adjusted for any impairment in value. Depreciation is provided over the estimated economic life of the property. Realized gains or losses and all other operating income and expense are reported in the income statement.
The adjustment shown in the reconciliation in the Shareholders equity column represents the reduction from market value to the historical cost less depreciation.
194
The adjustment shown in the reconciliation in the Net income column, represents the annual depreciation charge. The differences in results on disposals arising from the difference in book value between DAP and US GAAP is shown in the line realized gains on real estate and shares as is the reversal of the indirect income.
Debt securitiesvaluation
Under DAP bonds and private placements are shown at amortized cost less write-downs for uncollectable amounts. Provisions for future losses on bonds and private placements are established as a result of default or other credit related issues.
Under US GAAP debt securities are classified in three categories and accounted for as follows:
| debt securities that the company has the intent and ability to hold to maturity are classified as held-to-maturity securities and reported at amortized cost; |
| debt securities that are bought and held principally for the purpose of selling them in the near term are classified as trading securities and reported at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses included in earnings; |
| debt securities not classified as either held-to-maturity securities or trading securities are classified as available-for-sale securities and reported at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses reported in shareholders equity. |
AEGON has classified the vast majority of its debt securities as available-for-sale securities and the remainder as trading securities. Under US GAAP when evidence indicates there is a decline in a debt securitys value, which is other than temporary, the security is written down to fair value through a charge to current years earnings.
The adjustment shown in the reconciliation in the Shareholders equity column represents the difference between the amortized cost basis less write-downs for uncollectable amounts and the fair value.
Debt securitiesrealized gains and losses
Under DAP realized gains and losses from transactions within the bonds and private placements portfolios, unless a loss is considered a default loss, are deferred and released to the income statements in annual installments over the estimated average remaining maturity term of the investments sold.
Under US GAAP realized gains and losses on sales of bonds and private placements are recorded in the earnings of the period in which the sales occurred. Gains and losses, both realized and unrealized, on bonds and private placements classified as trading are included in net income.
The adjustment shown in the reconciliation in the Shareholders equity column represents the reclassification of the deferred results on the sale of bonds from liabilities to Shareholders equity.
The adjustment shown in the reconciliation in the Net income column represents the difference between the release of the deferred results on a DAP basis and the realized results on a US GAAP basis.
Deferred policy acquisition costs and value of business acquired
Under DAP acquisitions costs that vary with and are primarily related to the acquisition of new or renewal insurance contracts are deferred to the extent that they are recoverable from future expense charges in the premiums or from expected gross profits, depending on the nature of the contract. Acquisition costs are also deferred for certain non-insurance investment type products related to 401-k plans in the U.S. DPAC are
195
amortized over the life of the underlying contracts, which are periods not to exceed the premium-paying periods for fixed premium products (traditional life and fixed universal life) and for flexible premium insurance contracts and investment type contracts in proportion to the emergence of estimated gross profits.
For fixed premium products in all countries, the DPAC are tested at least annually by country unit and product line to assess the recoverability. The amount not recoverable is recognized as an expense in the income statement in the period of determination. In the United States and Canada, the DPAC on flexible premium products, including fixed and variable annuities, variable universal life and unit-linked contracts, are amortized at a constant rate based on the present value of the estimated gross profit amounts expected to be realized over the life of the policies. If appropriate, the assumptions included in the determination of estimated gross profits are adjusted. A significant assumption related to estimated gross profits on variable annuities and life insurance products is the annual long-term net growth rate of the underlying assets. The reconsideration of assumptions may affect the original DPAC amortization schedule, referred to as DPAC unlocking. The difference between the original DPAC amortization schedule and the revised schedule, which is based upon actual gross profits earned to date and revised estimates of future gross profits, is recognized in the income statement as an expense or a benefit. In the Netherlands, the United Kingdom and Other countries the impact of equity market movements on estimated gross profits on flexible premium products is covered by the yearly or, if appropriate, quarterly recoverability testing; a negative outcome is charged to the income statement in the period of determination. If appropriate, the assumptions included in the determination of estimated gross profits are adjusted for future periods.
Under US GAAP for fixed premium products the accounting is the same as DAP in all countries. For flexible premium products sold in the United States and Canada, US GAAP is the same as DAP. For flexible premium products sold in the Netherlands, the United Kingdom and Other countries an unlocking adjustment is made using a revised DPAC amortization schedule based on actual gross profits earned to date and revised estimates of future gross profits. In recent years this unlocking adjustment has resulted in additional amortization expense. Acquisition costs related to non-insurance investment type products related to 401-k plans in the United States are expensed as incurred as opposed to being deferred and amortized in accordance with DAP.
The adjustment in the reconciliation in the Shareholders equity column and the adjustment in the reconciliation in the Net Income column include the effect of unlocking for DPAC on flexible premium products in the United Kingdom and the difference in accounting for acquisition costs related to non-insurance investment type products related to 401-k plans in the United States. Also included, in accordance with practice subsequent to the issuance of SFAS 115, is the adjustment of DPAC to reflect the change in amortization that would have been necessary if unrealized investment gains or losses related to debt securities had been realized. The effect on US GAAP equity related to SFAS 115 is EUR (1,027) million (2001: EUR (602) million).
Goodwill
Under DAP goodwill is charged to shareholders equity in the year of acquisition.
Under US GAAP goodwill is capitalized and prior to January 1, 2002 goodwill was amortized over the expected periods to be benefited with adjustments for impairment, if necessary. For US GAAP accounting purposes goodwill was amortized over various periods, not exceeding 20 years for years prior to 2002. Goodwill was tested for impairment based on undiscounted cash flows.
Pursuant to SFAS No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets goodwill is reviewed and tested for impairment under a fair value approach. Goodwill must be tested for impairment at least annually or more frequently as a result of an event or change in circumstances that would indicate an impairment may be necessary. Impairment testing requires the determination of the fair value for each of our identified reporting units. The reporting units identified for AEGON based upon the SFAS No. 142 rules include; AEGON USA, AEGON Canada, AEGON The Netherlands, AEGON UK insurance companies and AEGON UK distribution
196
companies, Other Countries and Transamerica Finance. The fair value of the insurance operations is being determined using valuation techniques consistent with market appraisals for insurance companies, a discounted cash flow model requiring assumptions as to a discount rate, the value of existing business and expectations with respect to future growth rates and term. For our non-insurance operations, fair value was determined using a discounted cash flow analysis. The valuation utilized the best available information, including assumptions and projections considered reasonable and supportable by management. The assumptions used in the determination of fair value involve significant judgments and estimates. The discount rates used are believed to represent market discount rates, which would be used to value businesses of similar size and nature. See note 6.6.
A goodwill impairment write-down of EUR 1,295 million was recorded as a cumulative effect of adopting SFAS 142 as of January 1, 2002, and primarily reflects impairment for Transamerica Finance Corporation (EUR 1,234 million). A goodwill impairment write-down of EUR 670 million related to AEGON USA insurance operations was recorded as a result of the annual impairment testing performed in the fourth quarter of 2002 and was charged to income before cumulative effect of accounting changes.
Technical provisions
The provision for life insurance represents the present value of future benefits to be paid to or on behalf of policyholders and related expenses less the present value of future net premiums. The provision is calculated using actuarial methods that include assumptions such as estimates of premiums, mortality, investment performance, lapses, surrenders and expenses. These assumptions are initially based on best estimates of future experience at policy inception date, in some instances taking into account a margin for the risk of adverse deviation. The assumptions used are regularly reviewed, compared to actual experience and, if necessary, and depending on the type of products, updated.
For products that have guaranteed benefits over the lifetime of the policy or at maturity, the premiums also include loadings for the expected cost of the guarantee. The pricing of the guarantee is based on assumptions for future investment performance, including reinvestment assumptions.
The provision for life insurance comprises also the provision for unexpired risks as well as the provision for claims outstanding. In case the premium-paying period is shorter than the lifetime of the policy, a provision for future expenses is set up to cover any estimated future expenses after the premium-paying period. Future costs in connection with benefit payments are also provided for.
In various countries products are sold that contain minimum guarantees. For these products the regular technical provision is recognized under technical provisions with investments for account of policyholders. The technical provision life insurance includes provisions for guaranteed minimum benefits related to contracts where the policyholder otherwise bears the investment risk.
In the United States a common feature in variable annuities is a guaranteed minimum death benefit (GMDB). This means that when the insured dies, the beneficiaries receive the highest of the account balance or the guaranteed amount. The latter is calculated using the total deposits made by the contract holder, less any withdrawals and sometimes includes a roll-up or step-up feature thereby increasing the guarantee with interest or with increases in the account value, respectively.
The provision for life insurance includes a provision in connection with the guarantees issued. A cap and a floor for this provision is calculated using stochastic prospective methods (probability weighted calculation using multiple future scenarios) and current assumptions. Within the cap and floor corridor, the accrual method based on pricing assumptions with valuation interest less actual claims incurred is followed. Outside the cap and floor corridor, a surplus or shortfall of the provision will cause an extra charge or credit to the income statement.
In Canada the variable annuity products sold are known as segregated funds. The provisions for the minimum guarantees on segregated funds are established consistent with the method described for the minimum guarantees on the variable annuity contracts sold in the United States.
197
In the Netherlands Fund Plan policies have a guaranteed return of 3% or 4% at maturity or upon the death of the insured if premium paid for a consecutive period of ten years is invested in Mix Fund and/or Fixed Income Fund. For this guaranteed return a provision is established based on stochastic modelling. The provision is developed applying the accrual method based on pricing assumptions less actual claims incurred. A corridor for the provision is determined regularly based on stochastic modelling methods. If the provisions develop outside the corridor, a charge or credit to the income statement is recorded. Minimum interest guarantees on group pension contracts in The Netherlands are given for nominal benefits, based on the 3% or 4% actuarial interest, after retirement of the employees. Due to the nature of the product, these guarantees have a long-term horizon of about 30 to 60 years. The provision is developed applying the accrual method based on pricing assumptions less actual deductions.
Provisions for fixed annuities, guaranteed investment contracts (GICs) and funding agreements (FAs) are equal to the accumulated contract balance.
Under US GAAP the technical provisions for traditional life insurance contracts are computed using the net level premium method with investment yields, mortality, lapses and expenses based on historical assumptions, and include a provision for adverse deviation. For universal life contracts and investment type contracts (annuities) the technical provisions are equal to the policyholder account balances at the balance sheet date. The UK technical provision is reduced to equal the contract holder balance. The technical provision for fixed annuities, GICs and FAs is the same as under DAP.
Also US GAAP technical provisions include the part of the change in value of the debt securities that must be allocated to policyholders based on the effects of the application of SFAS 115. The SFAS 115 effect on US GAAP equity is EUR (348) million (2001: EUR (222) million).
In addition, to the extent that the contract contains an embedded derivative as defined by US GAAP, the contract is bifurcated and the derivative is marked to fair value with changes recognized in the income statement. This adjustment is included in the derivative line in the reconciliation.
Realized gains on real estate and shares
Realized and unrealized gains and losses on real estate and shares are under DAP recognized in the revaluation account, taking into account the related (deferred) taxes. In the income statement the structural total return on investments in real estate and shares is recognized. The total return includes the realized direct income (rents and dividends) of the reporting period and an amount of indirect income. The total return is calculated by determining the average of the total return yield over the last 30 years and multiplying this average yield by the average value of these investments over the last 7 years, adjusted for investment purchases and sales.
The indirect income from these investments is then calculated as the difference between the total return and the realized direct income. The indirect income is released from the revaluation account if and as far as the balance of this account is positive. Moreover, the minimum reserve as required by law should be maintained. This reserve consists of the unrealized difference between the book value and the cost price of real estate and shares. Impairment losses due to an other than temporary decline in market value are reflected in the revaluation reserve as a transfer from the unrealized portion to the realized portion of the revaluation account.
Under US GAAP realized gains and losses on sales of real estate and shares are recorded in the earnings of the period in which the sales occurred. Gains and losses, both realized and unrealized, on shares classified as trading are included in net income. For non-trading shares unrealized gains and losses are reported as a component of comprehensive income. Impairments in value of shares deemed to be other than temporary are reported as a component of realized gains and losses. Real estate impairment is recognized as a realized loss in the income statement. Realized and unrealized gains and losses by their nature can show large fluctuations. Included in realized gains and losses on shares and real estate for US GAAP purposes are EUR 1,057 million
198
(2001: EUR 36 and 2000: nil) impairment losses due to an other than temporary decline in market value and the reversal of the indirect return of EUR 758 million (2001: EUR 723 million and 2000: 595 million).
Derivatives
AEGON uses common derivative financial instruments such as swaps, options, futures and cross-currency derivatives to hedge its exposures related to investments, liabilities and borrowings. In general, under DAP the accounting treatment of derivatives mirrors the accounting treatment of the underlying financial instrument. In the balance sheet, the book values of the derivatives are recognized under the captions of the related underlying financial instrument. Foreign currency amounts are converted at the year-end exchange rates. Realized and unrealized results on derivative financial instruments are recognized in the same period and likewise as the results of the related investments, liabilities and debt.
AEGON does not hold or issue derivative instruments for speculative trading purposes.
US GAAP requires that all derivatives, including embedded derivatives, be recognized as either assets or liabilities in the balance sheet and be measured at fair value. Derivatives that do not qualify for hedge accounting treatment under US GAAP must be adjusted to fair value through income. If the derivative is a hedge, depending on the nature of the hedge, changes in the fair value of derivatives will either be offset against the change in fair value of the hedged assets, liabilities, or firm commitments through income or recognized in other comprehensive income and amortized to income when the hedged transaction impacts income. Any portion of a derivatives change in fair value determined to be ineffective at offsetting the hedged risk will be immediately recognized in income. US GAAP accounting for derivatives was changed effective January 1, 2001. See Note 6.17 to the consolidated financial statements for a further description of the US GAAP accounting rules for derivatives and the rules in effect prior to 2001.
An EUR 318 million loss on the total return swaps with the Association has been included in 2002 net income on the line derivatives.
Deferred taxation
Under DAP deferred taxation is calculated on the basis of the difference between book value and valuation for tax purposes of the appropriate assets and liabilities. The provision is equal to the discounted value of the future tax amounts. In the calculation discounted tax rates ranging from 0% to nominal rates are used, taking into account the estimated term to maturity of the related differences.
US GAAP requires an asset and liability approach for financial accounting and reporting for income taxes. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using those enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the periods in which the deferred tax asset or liability is expected to be realized or settled and such tax rates are not discounted. Deferred tax assets are reduced, if necessary, by a valuation allowance to reflect the fact that (part of) the assets are not expected to be realized.
Balance of other items
Certain items are recorded differently or in different periods on the two bases of accounting.
The balance of other items includes the effect of the sale of the Mexico joint ventures, which under DAP was treated as having occurred in 2001 while for US GAAP purposes was treated as having occurred in 2002. In 2000 the result of the sale of Labouchere and of other divestitures, which were reported directly in equity under DAP, has been included in the balance of other items.
199
Restatement
AEGON identified certain changes required to be made to figures presented in accordance with US GAAP as of and for the three years ended December 31, 2002. The principal adjustments made to the US GAAP figures are discussed below:
Net income (loss) for 2002 has been reduced by EUR (98) million. Net income (loss) for 2002 as originally reported was EUR (2,230) million and the restated net income (loss) is EUR (2,328) million. The change reflects a correction of the FAS 133 derivative adjustment. Net income for 2001 is unchanged. Net income for 2000 has been increased by EUR 128 million. Net income for 2000 as originally reported was EUR 2,588 million and the restated net income is EUR 2,716 million. The change reflects the cumulative effect of a change in the estimate of policyholders participation in deferred gains and losses. This change was originally reported as a cumulative effect directly to equity.
Comprehensive income (loss) for 2002 has been reduced by EUR (155) million. Comprehensive income (loss) for 2002 as originally reported was EUR (4,402) million and the restated comprehensive income (loss) is EUR (4,557) million. The change includes the correction of the FAS 133 adjustment for EUR (98) million and a currency exchange rate adjustment of EUR (57) million. Comprehensive income for 2001 has been reduced by EUR (297) million. Comprehensive income for 2001 as originally reported was EUR 1,138 million and the restated comprehensive income is EUR 841 million. The change includes a reduction in the effective tax rate applied to certain unrealized losses of EUR (168) million, an unrealized loss on equity securities of EUR (118) million and a currency exchange rate adjustment of EUR (11) million. Comprehensive income for 2000 has been increased by EUR 207 million. The comprehensive income for 2000 as originally reported was EUR 2,638 million and the restated comprehensive income is EUR 2,845 million. The change includes the cumulative change in estimate of policyholders participation in deferred gains of EUR 128 million and a currency exchange rate adjustment of EUR 79 million.
Shareholders equity for 2001 has been increased by EUR 162 million. Shareholders equity for 2001 as originally reported was EUR 20,669 million and the restated shareholders equity is EUR 20,831 million. The change reflects a correction to the FAS 133 adjustment as initially adopted in 2001.
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RECONCILIATION OF SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY AND NET INCOME BASED ON DUTCH ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLES TO US GAAP
Shareholders equity |
Net income |
||||||||||||||
2002 |
2001* |
2002* |
2001* |
2000* |
|||||||||||
(In EUR millions) | |||||||||||||||
Amounts determined in accordance with Dutch Accounting Principles |
14,231 | 15,923 | 1,547 | 2,397 | 2,066 | ||||||||||
Adjustments for: |
|||||||||||||||
Real estate |
(804 | ) | (847 | ) | (48 | ) | (61 | ) | (59 | ) | |||||
Debt securitiesvaluation |
3,411 | 933 | | | | ||||||||||
realized gains and (losses) |
245 | 189 | 8 | 276 | (151 | ) | |||||||||
Deferred policy acquisition costs |
(1,421 | ) | 536 | (557 | ) | (141 | ) | (46 | ) | ||||||
Goodwill |
3,372 | 5,918 | (670 | ) | (496 | ) | (433 | ) | |||||||
Technical provisions |
422 | 153 | 402 | 45 | 12 | ||||||||||
Realized gains and (losses) on real estate and shares including reversal of indirect return |
| | (2,251 | ) | (1,160 | ) | 999 | ||||||||
Derivatives |
(750 | ) | (129 | ) | 32 | (152 | ) | | |||||||
Deferred taxation |
(651 | ) | (601 | ) | (30 | ) | 44 | (10 | ) | ||||||
Deferred taxation on US GAAP adjustments |
(489 | ) | (419 | ) | 205 | 344 | 96 | ||||||||
Balance of other items |
(12 | ) | (825 | ) | 329 | (410 | ) | 242 | |||||||
Amounts determined in accordance with US GAAP |
17,554 | 20,831 | |||||||||||||
Income before cumulative effect of accounting changes |
(1,033 | ) | 686 | 2,716 | |||||||||||
Cumulative effect of adopting SFAS 133 (Derivatives), net of tax of EUR 30 million |
| (54 | ) | | |||||||||||
Cumulative effect of adopting SFAS 142 (Goodwill) |
(1,295 | ) | | | |||||||||||
Net income in accordance with US GAAP |
(2,328 | ) | 632 | 2,716 | |||||||||||
Other comprehensive income, net of tax: |
|||||||||||||||
Foreign currency translation adjustments |
(2,749 | ) | 690 | 738 | |||||||||||
Unrealized gains and (losses) on available for sale securities during period |
(673 | ) | (907 | ) | 212 | ||||||||||
Reclassification adjustment for (gains) and losses included in net income |
1,193 | 377 | (821 | ) | |||||||||||
Cumulative effect of accounting change of adopting SFAS 133 |
| 49 | | ||||||||||||
Comprehensive income in accordance with US GAAP |
(4,557 | ) | 841 | 2,845 |
* | Reflects restatement of certain US GAAP information. |
201
In 2002 major differences between amounts on Dutch accounting principles and those on US GAAP compared to the amounts of prior years are explained as follows:
The goodwill adjustment in 2002 primarily reflects impairments for Transamerica Finance Corporation (EUR 1,234 million) as a cumulative effect of adopting SFAS 142 and for AEGON USA insurance operations.
Realized and unrealized gains and losses by their nature can show large fluctuations. Included in realized gains and losses on shares and real estate are EUR 1,057 million (2001: EUR 36 and 2000: nil) impairment losses due to an other than temporary decline in market value and the reversal of the indirect return of EUR 758 million (2001: EUR 723 million and 2000: 595 million).
An EUR 318 million loss on the total return swaps with the Association has been included in 2002 net income on the line derivatives.
The balance of other items includes the effect of the sale of Mexico which under DAP has been reported in 2001. In 2000 the result of the sale of Labouchere and of other divestitures has been included in the balance of other items.
Comprehensive income is the change in shareholders equity during the year from transactions and other events and circumstances from non-owner sources. It includes all changes in shareholders equity during the year except those resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners.
PRESENTATION DIFFERENCES BETWEEN DUTCH ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLES AND US GAAP
The following is a summary of classification differences between Dutch Accounting Principles and US GAAP, which have no effect on reported Net Income or Shareholders Equity. The description of the Dutch Accounting Principle is shown first followed by a description of US GAAP.
Earnings of affiliates;
Classified as investment income and other income;
Classified as a specific item in the income statement net of appropriate income tax.
Deferred acquisition costs;
Classified as a reduction of technical provisions;
Classified as an asset.
Premiums collected on Universal Life-type contracts;
Classified as revenues;
Accounted for as deposit in the technical provisions.
Premiums to reinsurers;
Classified as a separate expense item;
Reflected as a reduction of premium revenues.
Change in unearned premiums;
Reflected as a change in the technical provisions;
Reflected as a change in revenues.
Owned and occupied real estate;
Reflected as investment;
Reflected as property and equipment.
202
Reinsurance recoverable;
Recorded as an offset to the claim liabilities;
Classified as an asset.
Real estate rentals, owner occupied property;
Included as offsetting rental income and rental expense;
Transactions eliminated.
Liquid assets;
Includes liquid assets with a maturity of one year or less at the date of acquisition. AEGON estimates that approximately 85% of its liquid assets at year-end 2002 have a maturity of three months or less;
Includes liquid assets with a maturity of three months or less at the date of acquisition.
Joint ventures;
Accounted for using proportionate consolidation, reflecting the share in ownership;
Recorded as an equity investment using the equity method.
Unconsolidated holdings;
Includes businesses with dissimilar operations;
Such businesses are consolidated if more than 50% ownership of the equity.
Closed block of business;
Reported in detail in the income statement;
Reported on a net basis in the income statement.
Cash flow from operations;
Annuity and GIC/funding agreement deposits and withdrawals reported in cash flow from operating activities;
Annuity and GIC/funding agreement deposits and withdrawals reported in cash flow from financing activities;
This information should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Cash Flow Statements. For the years ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000, annuity, GIC and funding agreement deposits amounted to EUR 28,419 million, EUR 26,381 million and EUR 25,506 million, respectively, and annuity, GIC and funding agreement repayments amounted to EUR 18,269 million, EUR 19,059 million and EUR 21,593 million, respectively, and are part of cash flow from operating activities under Dutch GAAP. Such deposits and repayments would be reflected as cash flow from financing activities in a statement of cash flows prepared in accordance with US GAAP.
Securitization of mortgage loans;
The mortgage loan receivables of EUR 1.7 billion related to two private placement securitizations by AEGON Levensverzekering N.V. during 2002 were removed from the balance sheet and the cash proceeds received were recorded from the transfer of the economic ownership to third parties (see note 1.22 for a complete description of the transaction);
The mortgage loan receivables remain on the balance sheet and a liability has been established for the cash proceeds received.
203
6. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
The following information represents additional disclosures required by US GAAP reporting rules. The information has been prepared following Dutch Accounting Principles unless it specifically states that it is based upon US GAAP. All amounts are in million EUR, except per share data.
6.1. Earnings per share
FASB Statement No. 128 Earnings Per Share, (EPS), requires dual presentation of basic EPS and diluted EPS for entities with complex capital structures. Basic EPS excludes dilution and is computed by dividing income available to common shareholders, which is after deduction of dividends on the preferred shares, by the weighted average number of common shares (EUR 0.12 par value) outstanding. Diluted EPS is computed based on the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the year, plus dilutive potential common shares considered outstanding during the year (treasury stock method). The weighted average number of common shares have been adjusted retroactively for all periods presented, to reflect stock dividends and the two for one stock-split in 2000.
2002* |
2001 |
2000* |
|||||||||
(in EUR) | |||||||||||
Net income per share, based on US GAAP |
|||||||||||
Basic |
(1.68 | ) | 0.46 | 2.06 | |||||||
Diluted |
(1.68 | ) | 0.46 | 2.04 | |||||||
Per share amounts for net income were calculated using (1) an earnings per common share basic calculation and (2) an earnings per common share-assuming dilution calculation. A reconciliation of the factors used in the two calculations and between the Dutch and US accounting basis is as follows:
Numerator:
Dutch accounting principles:
| |||||||||||
Net income |
1,547 | 2,397 | 2,066 | ||||||||
Less: dividends on preferred shares |
(30 | ) | (3 | ) | (2 | ) | |||||
Net income used in basic calculation |
1,517 | 2,394 | 2,064 | ||||||||
Plus: interest on convertible debt |
0 | 0 | 1 | ||||||||
Net income used in diluted calculation |
1,517 | 2,394 | 2,065 | ||||||||
US GAAP: |
|||||||||||
Net income on Dutch accounting principles used in basic calculation |
1,517 | 2,394 | 2,064 | ||||||||
US GAAP adjustments to net income |
(3,875 | ) | (1,765 | ) | 650 | ||||||
Net income on US GAAP used in basic calculation |
(2,358 | ) | 629 | 2,714 | |||||||
Net income on Dutch accounting principles used in diluted calculation |
1,517 | 2,394 | 2,065 | ||||||||
US GAAP adjustments to net income |
(3,875 | ) | (1,765 | ) | 650 | ||||||
Net income on US GAAP used in diluted calculation |
(2,358 | ) | 629 | 2,715 | |||||||
Denominator: (number of shares, in millions) |
|||||||||||
Weighted average shares, as used in basic calculation |
1,401.6 | 1,357.3 | 1,315.4 | ||||||||
Shares to cover conversion of convertible debt |
| 1.5 | 3.3 | ||||||||
Addition for stock options outstanding during the year |
0.4 | 5.8 | 13.0 | ||||||||
Weighted average shares, as used in diluted calculation |
1,402.0 | 1,364.6 | 1,331.7 |
* Reflects restatement of certain US GAAP information described in Note 5.
204
6.2. Pension plans and other post retirement benefits
Pension expense (benefit), based on the requirements of SFAS 87 was EUR (53) million in 2002, EUR (98) million in 2001 and EUR (118) million in 2000 (EUR (92) million, EUR (111) million and EUR (82) million for DAP).
2002 |
2001 |
2000 |
|||||||
Net periodic expense consisted of the following: |
|||||||||
Service cost for benefits earned during the year |
104 | 93 | 95 | ||||||
Interest cost on projected benefit obligation |
206 | 214 | 189 | ||||||
Expected return on plan assets |
(380 | ) | (413 | ) | (383 | ) | |||
Amortization of transition asset |
(2 | ) | (4 | ) | (4 | ) | |||
Amortization of unrecognized prior service costs |
16 | 16 | 2 | ||||||
Amortization of unrecognized gain |
3 | (4 | ) | (17 | ) | ||||
Net pension expense (benefit) |
(53 | ) | (98 | ) | (118 | ) | |||
Assumptions used in the accounting for United States plans were: |
|||||||||
Discount rate |
6.75 | % | 7.25 | % | 7.5 | % | |||
Rates of increase in compensation levels |
5.0 | % | 5.50 | % | 5.5 | % | |||
Expected long-term rate of return on assets |
9.0 | % | 9.0 | % | 9.0 | % | |||
Assumptions used in the accounting for non-United States plans were: |
|||||||||
Discount rate |
5.0-5.6 | % | 5.5-6.0 | % | 5.5-6.0 | % | |||
Rates of increase in compensation levels |
2.0-2.25 | % | 2.25-2.5 | % | 2.5-2.75 | % | |||
Expected long-term rate of return on assets |
5.7-7.6 | % | 6.5-8.0 | % | 6.5-8.0 | % |
The reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of the projected benefit obligation and the fair value of the plan assets is as follows:
2002 |
2001 |
|||||
Projected benefit obligation at beginning of year |
3,427 | 3,164 | ||||
Service costs |
104 | 94 | ||||
Interest costs |
206 | 214 | ||||
Actuarial (gain)/loss |
185 | 63 | ||||
Acquisition/(sale) of businesses |
(1 | ) | (28 | ) | ||
Benefits paid |
(190 | ) | (185 | ) | ||
Currency exchange rate differences |
(333 | ) | 105 | |||
Projected benefit obligation at end of year |
3,398 | 3,427 | ||||
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year |
4,188 | 4,554 | ||||
Actual return on plan assets |
(485 | ) | (349 | ) | ||
Contribution |
102 | 52 | ||||
Benefits paid |
(190 | ) | (185 | ) | ||
Acquisition/(sale) of businesses |
0 | (51 | ) | |||
Currency exchange rate differences |
(387 | ) | 167 | |||
Fair value of plan assets at end of year |
3,228 | 4,188 |
205
2002 |
2001 |
|||||
Funded status |
(170 | ) | 761 | |||
Unrecognized prior service cost |
158 | 173 | ||||
Unrecognized net actuarial (gain)/loss |
1,808 | 1,005 | ||||
Unrecognized transition (asset) |
(19 | ) | (19 | ) | ||
Prepaid benefit cost |
1,777 | 1,920 |
AEGON USAs employees participate in a qualified defined benefit pension plan which was overfunded by EUR 212 million at December 31, 2002. AEGON USA also sponsors supplemental retirement plans to provide senior management with benefits in excess of normal pension benefits. These plans are unfunded and nonqualified under the Internal Revenue Service Code. The amount unfunded related to these plans is EUR 130 million for which a liability has been recorded in AEGONs balance sheet on both a DAP and a US GAAP basis. The defined benefit plans in Canada, the Netherlands and UK are underfunded by EUR 252 million at December 31, 2002.
As of January 1, 2001, the pension plan in The Netherlands has been amended, reducing the retirement age by 3 years to 62 or 61.
AEGON provides, primarily in the US and The Netherlands, health care benefits to retired employees, which are predominantly unfunded.
Net periodic expense consisted of the following: |
||||||
Service cost for benefits earned during the year |
4 | 3 | ||||
Interest cost on projected benefit obligation |
15 | 14 | ||||
Expected return on plan assets |
(1 | ) | (1 | ) | ||
Amortization of transition asset |
2 | 2 | ||||
Amortization of unrecognized prior service costs |
0 | 0 | ||||
Amortization of unrecognized gain |
1 | (1 | ) | |||
Net expense |
21 | 17 |
The reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of the benefit obligation and the fair value of the plan assets is as follows:
Projected benefit obligation at beginning of year |
215 | 210 | ||||
Service costs |
4 | 3 | ||||
Interest costs |
15 | 15 | ||||
Amendments |
0 | (6 | ) | |||
Actuarial gain |
45 | (11 | ) | |||
Acquisition/sale of businesses |
0 | 3 | ||||
Benefits paid |
(17 | ) | (14 | ) | ||
Other |
| 6 | ||||
Currency exchange rate differences |
(30 | ) | 9 | |||
Projected benefit obligation at end of year |
232 | 215 |
206
2002 |
2001 |
|||||
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year |
22 | 18 | ||||
Actual return on plan assets |
1 | 1 | ||||
Contribution |
21 | 17 | ||||
Benefits paid |
(17 | ) | (14 | ) | ||
Other |
30 | | ||||
Fair value of plan assets at end of year |
57 | 22 | ||||
Funded status |
(175 | ) | (191 | ) | ||
Unrecognized prior service cost |
3 | 6 | ||||
Unrecognized net actuarial (gain)/loss |
5 | (11 | ) | |||
Unrecognized transition (asset)/liability |
1 | 2 | ||||
(Accrued) benefit cost |
(166 | ) | (194 | ) |
An increase of 1% in the health care costs would have resulted in an additional accumulated projected benefit obligation of EUR 12 million (EUR 10 million in 2001 and 18 million in 2000) and an increase in service costs and interest cost of EUR 1 million (EUR 1 million in both 2001 and 2000). A decrease of 1% in the health care costs would have resulted in a lower accumulated projected benefit obligation of EUR 11 million (EUR 9 million in 2001 and 15 million in 2000) and a decrease in service costs and interest cost of EUR 1 million (EUR 1 million in both 2001 and 2000).
6.3. Investments
Proceeds, gross gains and gross losses from sales of available for sale securities for the three years ended December 2002 were:
2002 |
2001 |
2000 |
|||||||
Proceeds |
88,269 | 78,251 | 51,595 | ||||||
Gross gains |
1,488 | 1,130 | 2,275 | ||||||
Gross losses |
(3,733 | ) | (1,179 | ) | (1,303 | ) |
Gross gains and losses are determined as the difference between proceeds and (average) cost price, before taking into account the tax effect.
6.4. Fair value of financial instruments
FASB Statement No. 107, Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments, requires disclosure of fair value information about financial instruments, whether or not recognized in the balance sheet, for which it is practicable to estimate that value. Statement 107 defines the fair value of a financial instrument as the amount at which the instrument could be exchanged in a current transaction between willing parties. In cases where quoted market prices are not available, fair values are based on estimates using present value or other valuation techniques.
Those techniques are significantly affected by the assumptions used, including the discount rate and estimates of future cash flows. In that regard, the derived fair value estimates cannot be substantiated by comparison to independent markets and, in many cases, could not be realized in immediate settlement of the instrument. Statement 107 excludes certain financial instruments and all nonfinancial instruments from its disclosure requirements. Accordingly, the aggregate fair value amounts presented do not represent the underlying value of the Company.
207
The following table reflects the disclosure of fair values and carrying amounts of assets and liabilities as provided for in SFAS 107 and SFAS 133. All assets and liabilities are held for other than trading purposes.
December 31, 2002 |
December 31, 2001 |
|||||||||||
Carrying amount |
Fair value |
Carrying amount |
Fair value |
|||||||||
Real estate |
2,211 | 2,211 | 2,326 | 2,326 | ||||||||
Shares |
6,324 | 6,324 | 9,135 | 9,135 | ||||||||
Bonds and private placements |
97,329 | 100,494 | 99,692 | 100,625 | ||||||||
Loans guaranteed by mortgage |
18,568 | 20,039 | 20,537 | 21,179 | ||||||||
Investments for the account of policyholders |
94,728 | 94,728 | 113,272 | 113,272 | ||||||||
Cash and short term investments |
1,587 | 1,587 | 868 | 868 | ||||||||
Current liabilities and accruals and deferred income |
18,006 | 18,006 | 16,814 | 16,814 | ||||||||
Capital securities |
2,008 | 2,013 | 2,101 | 2,218 | ||||||||
Subordinated loans |
616 | 647 | 670 | 739 | ||||||||
Long-term liabilities |
3,856 | 3,679 | 5,084 | 4,781 | ||||||||
Investment contract liabilities |
64,766 | 60,422 | 66,241 | 63,057 | ||||||||
December 31, 2002 |
December 31, 2001 |
|||||||||||
Carrying amount |
Fair value |
Carrying amount |
Fair value |
|||||||||
Interest rate contracts |
||||||||||||
Interest rate swaps |
62 | (762 | ) | 0 | (265 | ) | ||||||
Swaptions |
0 | 0 | 90 | 93 | ||||||||
Caps/floors |
6 | 24 | 7 | 20 | ||||||||
Forward rate agreements |
0 | 2 | 0 | 1 | ||||||||
Other derivative contracts |
||||||||||||
Cross currency swaps |
203 | 249 | (694 | ) | (604 | ) | ||||||
Foreign exchange contracts |
57 | 57 | (25 | ) | (26 | ) | ||||||
Equity swaps |
37 | (341 | ) | (17 | ) | (14 | ) | |||||
Over-the counter options |
71 | 71 | 76 | 77 | ||||||||
Credit derivatives |
(4 | ) | (7 | ) | 0 | 0 | ||||||
Exchange traded options/futures |
74 | 72 | (41 | ) | (47 | ) |
The following methods and assumptions were used by the company in estimating its fair value disclosures for financial instruments:
Real estate
Real estate is reported in the balance sheet at appraisal value based on fair value when leased. At least 20% of property is revalued annually, so that each unit is revalued once in every 5-year period. New property is valued at construction cost including interest during the construction period, or at purchase price.
Shares
The fair values for shares are based on quoted market prices or, if unquoted, at estimated fair value and are recognized in the balance sheet.
Bonds and Private placements
Fair values for fixed maturity securities are based on quoted market prices, where available. For fixed maturities not actively traded, fair values are estimated by discounting expected future cash flows using a current market rate applicable to the yield, credit quality and maturity of the investment.
208
Loans guaranteed by mortgage
The fair value for loans guaranteed by mortgage is estimated using discounted cash flow analyses, using interest rates currently being offered for similar loans to borrowers with similar credit ratings. Loans with similar characteristics are aggregated for purposes of the calculations.
Investments for the account of policyholders
Investments for the account of policyholders and insurance-linked savings deposits are generally valued at fair value.
Cash and Short term investments
The carrying amounts reported in the balance sheet for these instruments approximate their fair values.
Current liabilities and accruals and deferred income
The carrying amounts of the Companys current liabilities and accruals and deferred income approximate their fair value.
Long-term liabilities and subordinated loans
The fair value of the Companys long-term liabilities and subordinated loans is based on quoted market prices, where available, or is estimated using discounted cash flow analyses, based on the Companys current borrowing rates for similar types of borrowing arrangements.
Investment contract liabilities (included in technical provisions)
Fair values for the companys liabilities under investment-type insurance contracts are estimated using discounted cash flow calculations, based on interest rates currently being offered for similar contracts with maturities consistent with those remaining for the contracts being valued.
Derivatives
The fair value of the derivatives generally reflects the estimated amounts that the Company would receive or pay to terminate the contracts on reporting date. Market quotes are available for many derivatives; for those products without readily available market quotes generally accepted valuation models are used to estimate fair value.
For more information on derivatives see note 1.21.
6.5 Supplemental information on Corporation Tax
The effective tax rate for 2002 was 19% compared to 28% for 2001. The lower effective tax rate is largely due to a reduction of the deferred tax liability in the US, lower taxable income relative to tax preferred investments and tax-exempt income in the Netherlands and US and the use of tax losses in the UK.
The adjustment included in other, net in the reconciliation of the nominal tax charge to the actual tax expense in note 2.11 includes a reduction in the deferred tax liability. In the United States the reduction in the deferred tax liability and the corresponding reduction in tax expense consisted of a USD 219 million change in estimate as additional information and refinements of prior year deferred tax liability became available during 2002. This was partially offset by the establishment of an additional tax provision of USD 129 million, including a valuation allowance of USD 85 million for loss carryforwards.
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6.6. Summary description of US GAAP goodwill accounting
Under US GAAP goodwill is capitalized and prior to January 1, 2002 was amortized over the expected periods to be benefited with adjustments for impairment, if necessary. Effective January 1, 2002 goodwill is no longer amortized but is tested for impairment annually. Pursuant to the transitional rules of SFAS 142, we have completed a two-step impairment test during the first six months of 2002 and, as a result of that test, we recorded the cumulative effect of the accounting change for the goodwill impairment charge as of January 1, 2002 of EUR 1,295 million, in accordance with the estimate that was given in the 2001 Form 20-F. This non-cash impairment charge related primarily to the Transamerica non-insurance business. Factors resulting in the impairment charge were the down turn in the economic environment, particularly in the technology sector of the commercial lending segment, and increased price competition from other financial institutions.
The required annual goodwill impairment test was performed in the fourth quarter and resulted in a goodwill impairment charge of EUR 670 million in the AEGON USA reporting unit. This impairment charge has been reported as a 2002 GAAP operating expense. The primary factor resulting in the non-cash impairment charge for AEGON USA during the fourth quarter was due to the uncertainty in the current economic environment. The uncertainties include among others a continuation of the low interest rate environment resulting in compressed spreads, reduced expectations for total return rates in equity markets, an uncertain level of defaults in the fixed maturity markets and a reduction in the anticipated new business.
There is no impact to AEGONs net income or financial condition based on a Dutch accounting principles since goodwill is not established as an asset but is charged to equity at the time an acquisition is made.
Impairment testing required the determination of the fair value for each of the identified reporting units. The fair value of the insurance operations was determined using valuation techniques consistent with market appraisals for insurance companies, a discounted cash flow model requiring assumptions as to a discount rate, the value of existing business and expectations with respect to future growth rates and term. For our non-insurance operations, fair value was determined using a discounted cash flow analysis. The valuation utilized the best available information, including assumptions and projections considered reasonable and supportable by management. The assumptions used in the determination of fair value involve significant judgments and estimates. The discount rates used are believed to represent market discount rates, which would be used to value businesses of similar size and nature. Prior to the adoption of SFAS 142, the determination of whether goodwill was recoverable was based on projected, undiscounted cash flows from the earnings of AEGONs business segments during the remaining amortization period.
AEGON has recognized two purchased intangible assets, goodwill and value of business acquired (VOBA). The excess of the cost over the fair value of identifiable assets acquired in business combinations, including VOBA, is recorded as goodwill. VOBA is equal to the present value of estimated future profits of insurance policies in force related to business acquired.
The changes in the carrying value of goodwill presented for each business segment, for the year ended December 31, 2002, were as follows:
Americas |
The Netherlands |
United Kingdom |
Other Countries |
Total |
|||||||||||
Goodwill balance at January 1, 2002 |
5,076 | 30 | 652 | 160 | 5,918 | ||||||||||
Goodwill acquired during the period |
6 | 35 | 109 | 150 | |||||||||||
Impairment charge |
(1,904 | ) | (61 | ) | (1,965 | ) | |||||||||
Foreign currency translation |
(535 | ) | (47 | ) | (8 | ) | (590 | ) | |||||||
Other adjustments |
(110 | ) | (31 | ) | (141 | ) | |||||||||
Goodwill balance December 31, 2002 |
2,533 | 34 | 714 | 91 | 3,372 |
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Information related to the VOBA
2002 |
2001 |
|||||
Gross carrying amount |
7,778 | 9,266 | ||||
Accumulated amortization |
(2,431 | ) | (2,108 | ) | ||
Net carrying amount |
5,347 | 7,158 | ||||
Amortization expense |
719 | 694 |
Estimated amortization expense for the years 2003 through 2007 is EUR 424 million, EUR 387 million, EUR 357 million, EUR 318 million and EUR 296 million, respectively.
The changes in the carrying value of the VOBA presented for each business segment, for the year ended December 31, 2002, are as follows:
Americas |
The Netherlands |
United Kingdom |
Other Countries |
Total |
|||||||||
VOBA balance at January 1, 2002 |
5,693 | | 1,465 | | 7,158 | ||||||||
VOBA amortization |
(692 | ) | | (27 | ) | | (719 | ) | |||||
Foreign currency translation |
(817 | ) | | (93 | ) | | (910 | ) | |||||
Other adjustments |
(182 | ) | | | | (182 | ) | ||||||
VOBA balance December 31, 2002 |
4,002 | | 1,345 | | 5,347 |
The net income of AEGON, if AEGON had not amortized goodwill prior to the adoption of SFAS 142, would have been as follows:
Year ended December, | ||||||||
2002* |
2001 |
2000* | ||||||
Net income (loss) based on US GAAP: |
||||||||
Income before cumulative effect of accounting changes |
(1,033 | )1 | 686 | 2,716 | ||||
Cumulative effect of adopting SFAS 133 (Derivatives) |
| (54 | ) | | ||||
Cumulative effect of adopting SFAS 142 (Goodwill) |
(1,295 | ) | | | ||||
Net income as reported |
(2,328 | ) | 632 | 2,716 | ||||
Goodwill amortization |
| 496 | 433 | |||||
Pro forma net income (loss) |
(2,328 | ) | 1,128 | 3,149 | ||||
1 Including EUR 670 million goodwill impairment.
| ||||||||
Earnings (loss) per share: |
||||||||
Basic: as reported |
(1.68 | ) | 0.46 | 2.06 | ||||
pro forma |
(1.68 | ) | 0.83 | 2.39 | ||||
Diluted: as reported |
(1.68 | ) | 0.46 | 2.04 | ||||
pro forma |
(1.68 | ) | 0.83 | 2.36 | ||||
* Reflects restatement of certain US GAAP information described in Note 5 |
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6.7. Restrictions, commitments and contingencies
AEGON is subject to legal restrictions on the amount of dividends it can pay to its shareholders. Under Dutch law the amount that is available to pay dividends consists of total shareholders equity less the issued and outstanding capital and less the reserves required by law. At December 31, 2002 the issued and outstanding capital is EUR 0.2 billion, the reserves required by law amount to EUR 0.7 billion and EUR 13.3 billion is available for dividends. However, certain of AEGONs subsidiaries, principally insurance companies, are subject to restrictions on the amount of funds they may transfer in the form of cash dividends or otherwise to their parent companies. Insurance subsidiaries in the United States are subject to prior approval by statutory authorities for certain payments of dividends to AEGON, which exceed specified limits. These insurance subsidiaries are also subject to risk based capital standards, established by the National Association of Insurance Commissioners, which prescribe required capital levels and may restrict the amount of dividends which can be paid. Under the Insurance Industry Supervision Act 1993 in The Netherlands, life insurance companies are required to maintain an equity of approximately 5% of general account technical provisions and, in case of no interest guarantee, of approximately 1% of technical provisions with investments for the account of policyholders. While management does not believe such restrictions on AEGONs subsidiaries will affect its ability to pay dividends in the future, there can be no assurance that these restrictions will limit or prevent AEGON from doing so.
The Company and its subsidiaries are parties to a number of legal proceedings incidental to its business. It is managements opinion, after consultation with legal counsel, that damages arising from such litigation will not be material to either the financial position or the results of operations of the Company.
Pursuant to the 1983 merger agreement the Company is obligated to permit the Association to acquire preferred shares in such amounts as are necessary to maintain a majority voting interest in the Company in the event of any future issuance of either common or preferred shares.
6.8. Business segment information
Pursuant to Financial Accounting Standard No. 131 Disclosures about segments of an enterprise and related information (SFAS 131) business segments are defined on the same basis that the company is managed.
AEGON has the following reportable geographic segments: Americas, The Netherlands, United Kingdom and Other countries, which include Hungary, Spain and other units. Crucial differences exist in local markets and for this reason AEGON emphasizes a decentralized organization structure. The operating companies, with knowledgeable and highly experienced local management and employees, market their own, unique products using tailored distribution channels. Approximately 90% of AEGONs core business is life insurance, pension and related savings and investment products. The Group is also active in accident and health insurance, property and casualty insurance and limited banking activities.
AEGON evaluates performance and allocates resources based on income before interest charges and taxes, based on Dutch accounting principles. The accounting policies of the reportable segments are the same as those used for the consolidated financial statements. Intersegment revenue and expenditures for additions to long-lived assets are not significant.
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2002 |
2001 |
2000 |
|||||||
Revenues: |
|||||||||
Americas |
17,372 | 18,176 | 17,037 | ||||||
The Netherlands |
6,052 | 6,073 | 5,686 | ||||||
United Kingdom |
6,609 | 6,517 | 6,883 | ||||||
Other Countries |
1,064 | 1,036 | 1,023 | ||||||
Other |
47 | 93 | 78 | ||||||
31,144 | 31,895 | 30,707 | |||||||
Income before tax: |
|||||||||
Americas |
1,206 | 2,272 | 2,025 | ||||||
The Netherlands |
659 | 924 | 840 | ||||||
United Kingdom |
233 | 372 | 360 | ||||||
Other Countries |
64 | 72 | 57 | ||||||
Interest charges and other |
(313 | ) | (397 | ) | (443 | ) | |||
1,849 | 3,243 | 2,839 | |||||||
Identifiable assets |
|||||||||
Americas |
146,253 | 163,205 | 144,729 | ||||||
The Netherlands |
43,502 | 45,676 | 43,802 | ||||||
United Kingdom |
45,910 | 53,008 | 53,631 | ||||||
Other Countries |
2,541 | 2,172 | 2,054 | ||||||
238,206 | 264,061 | 244,216 |
The tables below show the Companys revenues, income before tax and identifiable assets by line of business.
Revenues: |
|||||||||
Life insurance |
26,435 | 27,620 | 27,165 | ||||||
Non-life insurance |
4,246 | 3,798 | 3,140 | ||||||
Banking activities |
416 | 384 | 324 | ||||||
Other non-insurance activities |
47 | 93 | 78 | ||||||
31,114 | 31,895 | 30,707 | |||||||
Income before tax: |
|||||||||
Life insurance |
1,814 | 3,319 | 3,003 | ||||||
Non-life insurance |
340 | 276 | 232 | ||||||
Banking activities |
8 | 45 | 47 | ||||||
Interest charges and Other |
(313 | ) | (397 | ) | (443 | ) | |||
1,849 | 3,243 | 2,839 | |||||||
Identifiable Assets: |
|||||||||
Insurance |
230,042 | 255,045 | 237,414 | ||||||
Banking activities |
7,443 | 7,417 | 5,760 | ||||||
Other non-insurance activities |
721 | 1,599 | 1,042 | ||||||
238,206 | 264,061 | 244,216 |
For more information on reportable segments see note 3 Segment information.
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6.9. Revenue recognition
Life insurance premiums are reported as earned when due or, for short duration contracts, over the contract period. Benefits and expenses are associated with earned premiums so as to result in recognition of profits over the life of the contracts. This association is accomplished by means of the technical provision and the deferral and amortization of acquisition costs. Acquisition costs consist principally of commissions, premium taxes and certain variable policy issuance, underwriting and agency expenses.
Deferred policy acquisition costs of insurance contracts with fixed premiums are generally amortized over periods not to exceed the premium paying periods or the contract periods. For flexible insurance contracts and investment type contracts the amortization is generally in proportion to emerging gross profits.
General insurance premiums are recognized on a monthly pro rata basis over the terms of the policies. Acquisition costs, consisting of commissions, premium taxes and other costs that vary with and are primarily related to the production of business are deferred by major product groups and amortized over the terms of the policies.
Deferred policy acquisition costs are reviewed to determine that they do not exceed recoverable amounts, after allowing for anticipated investment income.
6.10. Shareholders equity
Set forth below are changes in shareholders equity for the past three years.
2002 |
2001 |
2000 |
|||||
Preferred Shares |
|||||||
Balance at January 1 |
53 | 53 | 65 | ||||
Issued |
| | 4 | ||||
Repurchased |
| | (16 | ) | |||
Balance at December 31 |
53 | 53 | 53 | ||||
Vereniging AEGON holds all the issued preferred shares. From the net profit first of all a preferred dividend will be paid out, based on the official rate of disbursement. Dividends were 5% in 2002 and 4.75% in 2001 and 2000. Apart from this no additional dividend is to be paid on the preferred shares. | |||||||
2002 |
2001 |
2000 |
|||||
Common Shares |
|||||||
Balance at January 1 |
171 | 162 | 151 | ||||
Change in par value |
| | 9 | ||||
Issuance of shares |
| 7 | | ||||
Stock dividend |
2 | 2 | 2 | ||||
Exercised options |
| 0 | 0 | ||||
Balance at December 31 |
173 | 171 | 162 |
214
Paid-in surplus |
Revaluation account |
Other surplus fund |
Total |
|||||||||
Surplus funds |
||||||||||||
Balance at January 1, 2000 |
3,397 | 6,682 | 3,248 | 13,327 | ||||||||
Change in presentation final dividend 1999 |
457 | 457 | ||||||||||
Balance at January 1, 2000 after change in presentation |
3,397 | 6,682 | 3,705 | 13,784 | ||||||||
Repurchased own shares |
(423 | ) | (423 | ) | ||||||||
Exercised options |
7 | 7 | ||||||||||
Stock dividend |
(1 | ) | (1 | ) | ||||||||
Final and interim dividends |
(295 | ) | (295 | ) | ||||||||
Revaluation group companies |
(505 | ) | 565 | 60 | ||||||||
Currency exchange rate differences |
(105 | ) | (105 | ) | ||||||||
Cash settlement subordinated convertible loan |
(24 | ) | (24 | ) | ||||||||
Goodwill |
(2,254 | ) | (2,254 | ) | ||||||||
Settlement stock option plan |
(200 | ) | (200 | ) | ||||||||
Other movements |
(8 | ) | 605 | 597 | ||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2000 |
3,395 | 6,177 | 1,574 | 11,146 | ||||||||
Net income |
2,063 | 2,063 | ||||||||||
Issuance of new shares |
1,677 | 1,677 | ||||||||||
Repurchased own shares |
(21 | ) | (21 | ) | ||||||||
Valuation Equity Swap |
(19 | ) | (19 | ) | ||||||||
Exercised options |
3 | 3 | ||||||||||
Stock dividend |
(1 | ) | (1 | ) | (2 | ) | ||||||
Final and interim dividends |
(541 | ) | (541 | ) | ||||||||
Revaluation group companies |
(1,537 | ) | 436 | (1,101 | ) | |||||||
Currency exchange rate differences |
(50 | ) | (50 | ) | ||||||||
Cash settlement subordinated convertible loan |
(68 | ) | (68 | ) | ||||||||
Goodwill |
(286 | ) | (286 | ) | ||||||||
Sale Mexico |
602 | 602 | ||||||||||
Settlement stock option plan |
(71 | ) | (71 | ) | ||||||||
Other movements |
(27 | ) | (27 | ) | ||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2001 |
5,074 | 4,640 | 3,591 | 13,305 | ||||||||
Net income |
2,394 | 2,394 | ||||||||||
Paid in capital on preferred shares |
2,053 | 2,053 | ||||||||||
Valuation equity swap |
(318 | ) | (318 | ) | ||||||||
Exercised options |
0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Stock dividend |
(2 | ) | (2 | ) | ||||||||
Final and interim dividends |
(731 | ) | (731 | ) | ||||||||
Revaluation group companies |
(2,042 | ) | (1,392 | ) | (3,434 | ) | ||||||
Currency exchange rate differences |
(703 | ) | (703 | ) | ||||||||
Goodwill |
(70 | ) | (70 | ) | ||||||||
Settlement stock option plan |
(6 | ) | (6 | ) | ||||||||
Other movements |
0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2002 |
7,125 | 2,598 | 2,765 | 12,488 |
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6.11. Comprehensive income in accordance with US GAAP
The related tax effects allocated to each component of Other comprehensive income are as follows:
2002* |
2001* |
2000* |
|||||||||
(In million EUR) | |||||||||||
Foreign currency translation adjustment |
pretax tax net of tax |
(2,749 (2,749 |
)
) |
690 690 |
|
738 738 |
| ||||
Unrealized gains (losses) during period |
pretax tax net of tax |
(384 (289 (673 |
) ) ) |
(870 (37 (907 |
) ) ) |
384 (172 212 |
)
| ||||
Less: reclassification adjustment |
pretax tax net of tax |
1,228 (35 1,193 |
)
|
460 (83 377 |
)
|
(969 148 (821 |
)
) | ||||
Cumulative effect of adopting SFAS 133 |
pretax tax net of tax |
|
|
76 (27 49 |
)
|
|
| ||||
Other comprehensive income (loss) |
(2,229 | ) | 209 | 129 | |||||||
* Reflects restatement of certain US GAAP information described in Note 5.
Accumulated other comprehensive income consists of: | |||||||||||
December 31, 2002* |
December 31, 2001* |
December 31, 2000* |
|||||||||
Accumulated foreign currency adjustment |
(215 | ) | 2,534 | 1,844 | |||||||
Unrealized gains (losses) |
1,503 | 59 | 730 | ||||||||
Cumulative effect of adopting SFAS 133 |
49 | 49 | | ||||||||
Total |
1,337 | 2,642 | 2,574 | ||||||||
* Reflects restatement of certain US GAAP information described in Note 5. |
6.12. New accounting standards
In August 2001, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets (SFAS 144), which addresses financial accounting and reporting for the impairment or disposal of long-lived assets and supersedes Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 121, Accounting for the Impairment of Long-Lived Assets and for Long-Lived Assets to be Disposed Of, and the accounting and reporting provisions of APB Opinion No. 30, Reporting the Results of Operations for a disposal of a segment of a business. SFAS 144 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2001. AEGON adopted SFAS 144 on January 1, 2002 and the adoption of the Statement did not have a material impact on the consolidated financial position and results of operations of AEGON.
In July 2002, the FASB issued SFAS No. 146 Accounting for Certain Costs Associated with Exit or Disposal Activities, which nullifies Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF) Issue No. 94-3, Liability Recognition for Certain Employee Termination Benefits and Other Costs to Exit an Activity (including Certain Costs Incurred in a Restructuring). SFAS No. 146 requires companies to recognize costs associated with exit or disposal activities when they are incurred rather than at the date of a commitment to an exit or disposal plan, as previously required per EITF No. 94-3. Provisions of SFAS No. 146 are effective for activities initiated after December 31, 2002.
216
Adoption of this statement is not expected to have a material impact on AEGONs consolidated financial condition or results of operations.
In December 2002, the FASB issued SFAS No. 148 Accounting for Stock-Based CompensationTransition and Disclosure. This statement amends SFAS No. 123, Stock-Based Compensation to provide alternative methods of transition for a voluntary change to the fair value based method of accounting for stock-based employee compensation. In addition, this Statement amends the disclosure requirements of SFAS No. 123 to require prominent disclosures in both annual and interim financial statements about the method of accounting for stock-based employee compensation and tabular information about the effect of the method of accounting for stock-based compensation on net income and earnings per share including pro forma amounts. AEGON continues to account for stock compensation following APB No. 25 in the determination of GAAP net income. The disclosure provisions are effective for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2002 and have been incorporated into the financial statements footnotes.
In November 2002, the FASB issued FASB Interpretation No. 45, Guarantors Accounting and Disclosure Requirements for Guarantees, Including Indirect Guarantees of Indebtedness of Others (FIN No. 45). FIN No. 45 interprets FASB Statement Nos. 5, 57 and 107, and addresses the disclosures to be made by a guarantor in interim and annual financial statements about obligations under certain guarantees that it has issued. FIN No. 45 clarifies that a guarantor must recognize, at the inception of a guarantee, a liability for the fair value of the obligation undertaken in issuing the guarantee, including its ongoing obligation to stand ready to perform over the term of the guarantee in the event that the specified triggering events or conditions occur. The initial recognition and initial measurement provisions of this interpretation will be applied on a prospective basis to guarantees issued or modified after December 31, 2002. The disclosure requirements of FIN No. 45 are effective for financial statements of annual or quarterly periods ending after December 15, 2002. AEGON has adopted the disclosure provisions of FIN No. 45 for December 31, 2002. AEGON is currently evaluating what impact, if any, adoption of FIN No. 45 will have on its consolidated financial position, consolidated results of operations, or liquidity.
AEGON has various arrangements that require guarantor disclosures per FIN No. 45. A synthetic GIC is an off-balance sheet fee-based product primarily sold to tax qualified plans. The plan sponsor retains ownership and control of the invested assets. It is typically issued with an evergreen maturity and is cancelable by the plan sponsor under certain conditions. AEGON provides book value benefit responsiveness in the event that qualified plan benefit requests exceed plan cash flows. In certain contracts, AEGON agrees to make advances to meet benefit payment needs and earns a market interest rate on these advances. At December 31, 2002, synthetic GICs have been issued on EUR 32 billion (USD 33 billion) off-balance sheet assets, which represents the maximum amount of potential future payments (undiscounted). Funding requirements to date have been minimal. In addition, the periodically adjusted contract crediting rate passes through the investment and benefit responsive experience so management does not anticipate any future funding requirements that would have a material effect on reported financial results. Reserves have been established for these agreements in the amount of EUR 9.1 million (USD 9.5 million) at December 31, 2002.
AEGON enters into agreements to provide liquidity for multi-seller asset backed commercial paper conduits and municipal variable rate demand note facilities if there are certain disruptions in the commercial paper or municipal bond markets. These generally provide for AEGON to purchase non-defaulted assets or provide loans secured by assets from the conduit or facility at market interest rates or better. At December 31, 2002, the total notional outstanding was EUR 1.0 billion (USD 1.1 billion), which represents the maximum amount of potential future payments (undiscounted). AEGON does not anticipate any future funding requirements that would have a material effect on reported financial results. Reserves have been established for these agreements in the amount of EUR 1.8 million (USD 1.9 million) at December 31, 2002.
AEGON has entered into an agreement with a fund of funds (hedge funds) manager to pay 50% of the excess of the amount of principal protection over the value of the fund of fund assets at the maturity of the principal protection instrument. At December 31, 2002, the notional amount of the principal protection was EUR
217
314 million (USD 327 million), which represents the maximum amount of potential future payments (undiscounted). The underlying fund portfolios are restricted as to investment instruments held and are required, through monitoring and triggers, to replace the assets with fixed income instruments in order to defease the principal protection liability. Accordingly, management does not anticipate any future funding requirements with respect to the principal protection that would have a material effect on reported financial results.
In January 2003, the FASB issued FASB Interpretation No. 46, Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities (FIN No. 46). FIN No. 46 clarifies the application of Accounting Research Bulletin No. 51, Consolidated Financial Statements, to certain entities in which equity investors do not have the characteristics of a controlling financial interest or do not have sufficient equity at risk for the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support from other parties (variable interest entities). Variable interest entities (VIEs) are required to be consolidated by their primary beneficiaries if they do not effectively disperse risks among parties involved. The primary beneficiary of a VIE is the party that absorbs a majority of the entitys expected losses, receives a majority of its expected residual returns, or both, as a result of holding variable interests. FIN No. 46 requires new disclosures about VIEs. On February 1, 2003, the Company adopted FIN 46 for VIEs created after January 31, 2003 and for VIEs in which the Company obtains an interest after January 31, 2003. AEGON will adopt FIN No. 46 on July 1, 2003 for VIEs in which it holds variable interest that it acquired before February 1, 2003. AEGON is currently evaluating the impact of the provisions of FIN 46 on its consolidated financial statements.
AEGON has identified the following VIE structures as those impacted by the implementation of FIN 46:
AEGON owns interests in several Limited Partnerships in which it is a passive investor. The majority of the Limited Partnerships invest in debt instruments or equity funds. AEGON is the majority holder of the equity in the Limited Partnerships and is currently determining whether it is the Primary Beneficiary under the new guidance. Net assets under management total USD 430 million. AEGONs liability is limited and it currently has the total gross exposure to loss already reflected in the balance sheet.
AEGON owns interests in several Limited Partnerships designed to provide housing to families with income below certain levels. AEGON is a passive investor in these structures but is also a majority holder of the equity. AEGON is currently determining whether it is the Primary Beneficiary under the new guidance. Net assets under management total USD 346 million. AEGONs liability is limited and it currently has the total gross exposure to loss already reflected in the balance sheet.
AEGON is an investment manager for a portfolio of bank loans for a third party. AEGON participates in the earnings and losses of USD 450 million of assets. AEGON is currently determining whether it is the Primary Beneficiary under the new guidance.
AEGON invests in USD 11.7 billion of asset-backed securities the majority of which is invested in senior notes. Of the asset-backed exposure, USD 50 million is invested in below investment grade. This also includes our exposure to collateralized debt obligations. AEGON is currently reviewing the below investment grade exposure to determine whether it is the Primary Beneficiary.
The Derivative Implementation Group has recently released Statement No. 133 Implementation Issue No. 36, Embedded Derivatives: Bifurcation of a Debt Instrument that Incorporates Both Interest Rate Risk and Credit Rate Risk Exposures that are Unrelated or Only Partially Related to the Creditworthiness of the Issuer of the Instrument (DIG B36). DIG B36 addresses whether SFAS No. 133 requires bifurcation of a debt instrument into a debt host contract and an embedded derivative if the debt instrument incorporates both interest rate risk and credit risk exposures that are unrelated or only partially related to the creditworthiness of the issuer of that instrument. Under DIG B36, modified coinsurance and coinsurance with funds withheld reinsurance agreements as well as other types of receivables and payables where interest is determined by reference to a pool of fixed maturity assets or a total return debt index are examples of arrangements containing embedded derivatives requiring bifurcation. DIG 36 has been exposed for comment by the FASB. It is not expected to be finalized by the FASB until sometime in the second quarter of 2003. If DIG B36 is finalized in its current form, AEGON has
218
determined that certain of its modified coinsurance and coinsurance with funds withheld reinsurance agreements assumed and ceded contain embedded derivatives requiring bifurcation. AEGON has not yet determined the value of the related embedded derivative in these products.
6.13. Stock-based compensation
SFAS No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation and SFAS No. 148, Accounting for Stock-Based CompensationTransition and Disclosure provide guidance on accounting and reporting for the cost of stock-based compensation. Compensation costs related to stock options are permitted to be recorded under the intrinsic value method provided certain fair value information is disclosed. AEGON has elected to follow the intrinsic value method of Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock issued to Employees (APB 25) and related interpretations in accounting for its stock options for purposes of the reconciliation of net income from DAP to US GAAP. Under APB 25, because the exercise price of AEGONs stock options equals the market price of the underlying stock at the date of the grant, no compensation cost is recognized at the grant date.
Had compensation costs for AEGONs stock options granted in 2002, 2001 and 2000 been determined based on the fair value of the options at the grant dates consistent with the method of SFAS 123, pro forma net income and earnings per share, adjusted for stock splits, based on US GAAP would have been:
2002* |
2001 |
2000* |
|||||||
Net income based on US GAAP as reported |
(2,328 | ) | 632 | 2,716 | |||||
Deduct: total stock-based compensation expense determined under fair value based method for all awards, net of tax |
(1 | ) | (67 | ) | (59 | ) | |||
Pro forma net income based on US GAAP |
(2,329 | ) | 565 | 2,657 | |||||
Basic earnings per share (in EUR) |
|||||||||
as reported |
(1.68 | ) | 0.46 | 2.06 | |||||
pro forma |
(1.68 | ) | 0.41 | 2.02 | |||||
Diluted earnings per share (in EUR) |
|||||||||
as reported |
(1.68 | ) | 0.46 | 2.04 | |||||
pro forma |
(1.68 | ) | 0.41 | 1.99 | |||||
* Reflects restatement of certain US GAAP information described in Note 5. | |||||||||
The fair value of the stock options at the date of grant was estimated using the binomial option pricing model with the following assumptions for the three years ended December 31, 2002: risk-free interest rates of 5.2%, 4.2% and 4.9% and expected volatility of 37%, 38% and 38%, respectively. The calculation takes into account that the 2002 options granted vest after two years and the options granted in 2001 and 2000 cannot be exercised within the first three years.
| |||||||||
Fair value of options1 granted during the year |
1 | 67 | 59 |
1 | excluding stock appreciation rights in 2002, 2001 and 2000, for which the expenses have been included in net income based on US GAAP. |
6.14. Use of estimates
The preparation of financial statements of insurance companies requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Such estimates and assumptions could change in the future as more information becomes known, which could impact the amounts reported and disclosed herein.
219
Significant estimates and assumptions are utilized in the calculation of deferred policy acquisition costs, value of business acquired, technical provisions and accruals, valuation allowances on investments and deferred taxes. It is reasonably possible that actual experience could differ from the estimates and assumptions utilized.
6.15. Foreign currency translation
Assets and liabilities are converted at year-end rates. Income statement items are converted at the average currency rates for the reported period.
The financial statements are not comparable to the financial statements of other companies that report in euros that restated their prior periods from currencies other than the Dutch guilder.
6.16. AEGON UKs With Profits Funds
The assets and liabilities of the With Profits Funds of Scottish Equitable plc and Guardian Assurance plc are included in AEGONs historical Dutch accounting basis balance sheet at fair value in the line items, investments for the account of policyholders and Technical provisions with investment risk for the account of policyholders. The assets and liabilities are equal in amount since the With Profits Funds are held for the sole benefit of the participating policyholders, however, in respect of Guardian there is a 10% shareholder profit participation in those surpluses distributed to policyholders. The fair value adjustment for investment assets is recorded through the income statement in investment income for the account of policyholders in the technical account life insurance with an offsetting amount recorded in benefits paid and provided. The income statement activity of the With Profits Funds is reported in each of the applicable line items in AEGONs historical Dutch accounting basis income statement with no net income effect for Scottish Equitable plc.
For US GAAP purposes the With Profits Fund is treated similar to a closed block of business. A closed block of business is established for the benefit of a class of policyholders and is designed to give them reasonable assurance that assets will be available to maintain the benefits under their policies.
The Scottish Equitable plc (SE) With Profits Fund and SE Non Profit Fund were established at the time of the demutualization of Scottish Equitable Life Assurance Society. This approach enabled AEGON to acquire an interest in the non-participating business of Scottish Equitable (through the SE Non Profit Fund). The SE Non Profit Fund comprised designated non-participating policy liabilities with appropriate assets being allocated to back the liabilities. The SE With Profits Fund comprised the With Profits policies and other remaining liabilities and all residual assets (i.e., those not allocated to the SE Non Profit Fund).
From January 1, 1994 (when the demutualization arrangements came into force) all new business has been conducted through the SE Non Profit Fund. Through this mechanism, the With Profits business is effectively ring fenced (separated) within the Scottish Equitable Long Term Business Fund. The participating policyholders are entitled to 100% of the investment and other profits emerging in the SE With Profits Fund. AEGON has no interest in the profits of the SE With Profits Fund, although it is entitled to the benefit of fees in respect of investment management and administration. The SE With Profits Fund is managed to ensure that all the invested assets of the SE With Profits Fund will be distributed to participating policyholders over the lifetime of the relevant SE With Profits policies.
The Guardian With Profits Fund operates on a similar basis except that a 10% profit share in that fund is allocated to AEGON.
In common with several other insurance companies, Scottish Equitable Life Assurance Society used to sell guaranteed annuity products in the UK. The only exposure to these guaranteed annuities is within the SE With Profits Fund. Certain policies in the SE With Profits Fund also have a guaranteed minimum rate of return or guaranteed death or other benefits. In law, SE and its whole Long Term Fund (i.e., both the SE With Profits Fund
220
and the SE Non Profit Fund) are liable for all insurance liabilities. Liabilities in the SE With Profits Fund could only impact shareholders in respect of any excess of liabilities over the assets of that Fund. Due to the quality and diversity of the assets in the SE With Profits Fund, the excess of assets over guaranteed benefits, and the ability of management to set bonus rates, AEGON believes that the probability of SE having to contribute to the SE With Profits Fund is remote.
Pursuant to US GAAP the investment assets are classified as trading and accordingly are carried at fair value. Because the With Profits Funds are maintained for the sole benefit of the participating policyholders, the fair value adjustment is offset by an increase to the policyholder liability account. Under this arrangement the policyholders receive all of the benefits from the With Profits Fund and to the extent there is any excess earnings a policyholder dividend liability is established such that the net income result is zero.
Summarized financial information on a Dutch accounting basis for the With Profits Funds as of and for the year ended December 31, 2002 is as follows (amounts in EUR millions):
Balance Sheet |
2002 |
2001 |
||||||
Assets: |
||||||||
Property |
112 | 133 | ||||||
Fixed maturities at fair value |
17,008 | 16,177 | ||||||
Equity securities at fair value |
6,265 | 9,674 | ||||||
Other assets |
892 | 1,270 | ||||||
Total Assets |
24,277 | 27,254 | ||||||
Liabilities: |
||||||||
Technical provisions |
23,328 | 25,034 | ||||||
Other liabilities |
949 | 2,220 | ||||||
Total Liabilities |
24,277 | 27,254 | ||||||
Income Statement |
2002 |
2001 |
2000 | |||||
Gross premiums |
1,024 | 1,512 | 1,656 | |||||
Investment income |
(326 | ) | (367 | ) | 1,276 | |||
Revenue |
698 | 1,145 | 2,932 | |||||
Benefits paid and Provided |
1,685 | 1,716 | 1,699 | |||||
Change in technical provisions |
(987 | ) | (571 | ) | 1,233 | |||
Benefits and Expenses |
698 | 1,145 | 2,932 | |||||
Net income |
0 | 0 | 0 |
6.17 Derivatives
In June 1998, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the FASB) issued Statement No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities (SFAS 133), subsequently amended by SFAS No. 137 and SFAS No. 138. AEGON adopted the new Statement effective January 1, 2001 for purposes of its reconciliation from DAP to US GAAP. The Statement requires all derivatives, including those derivatives embedded in other contracts, to be recognized as either assets or liabilities on the balance sheet at their fair value. If certain conditions are met, a derivative may be specifically designated as (a) a hedge of the exposure to changes in the fair value of a recognized asset or liability or an unrecognized firm commitment, (b) a hedge of the exposure to variable cash flows of a recognized asset or liability or of a forecasted transaction, or (c) a hedge of the foreign currency exposure of a net investment in a foreign operation, an unrecognized firm commitment, an available- for-sale security, or a foreign-currency-denominated forecasted transaction. The accounting for changes in the fair value of a derivative depends on the intended use of the derivative and the resulting designation. The Company uses derivative financial instruments, including financial futures contracts, interest rate swaps, currency swaps, options and forward contracts, as a means of hedging exposure to interest rate, equity price change and foreign currency risk.
221
The Companys financial instruments and insurance products are reviewed to determine whether a derivative may be embedded in such instruments or products. The Company assesses whether the economic characteristics of the embedded derivative are clearly and closely related to the remaining component of the financial instrument or insurance product (that is, the host contract). If it is determined that the embedded derivative is not clearly and closely related to the host contract and that a separate instrument with the same terms would qualify as a derivative, the embedded derivative is separated from the host contract and carried at fair value.
To qualify as a hedge, the hedge relationship is designated and formally documented at inception detailing the particular risk management objective and strategy for the hedge which includes the item and risk that is being hedged, the derivative that is being used, as well as how effectiveness is being assessed. A derivative has to be highly effective in accomplishing the objective of offsetting either changes in fair value or cash flows for the risk being hedged. For fair value hedges, changes in the fair value of derivatives are reflected in net income, together with changes in the fair value of the related hedged item attributable to the hedged risk. The Companys fair value hedges primarily include hedges of assets or liabilities at fixed rates. During 2002 the amount of hedge ineffectiveness that was recognized in net income was EUR 29.5 million for fair value hedges.
For cash flow hedges, the accounting treatment depends on the effectiveness of the hedge. To the extent these derivatives are effective in offsetting the variability of the hedged cash flows, changes in the derivatives fair value will not be included in current net income but is reported in comprehensive income. These changes in fair value will be included in net income of future periods when net income is also affected by the variability of the hedged cash flows. An immaterial amount of cash flow hedges have been designated as hedges pursuant to SFAS 133.
Derivatives that are either hedging instruments that are not designated or do not qualify as hedges under the new rules are carried at fair value with changes in value reflected in net income. The effectiveness of hedging relationships is evaluated on a retrospective basis using quantitative measures of correlation. If a hedge relationship is found to be ineffective, it no longer qualifies as a hedge and any excess gains or losses attributable to such ineffectiveness as well as subsequent changes in fair value are recognized in net income. For those hedge relationships that are terminated, hedge designations removed, or forecasted transactions that are no longer expected to occur, the hedge accounting treatment described in the previous paragraphs will no longer apply. For fair value hedges, any changes to the hedged item remain as part of the basis of the asset and are ultimately reflected as an element of the yield. For cash flow hedges, any changes in fair value of the end-user derivative remain in accumulated comprehensive income and are included in net income of future periods when net income is also affected by the variability of the hedged cash flow. If the hedged relationship was discontinued because a forecasted transaction will not occur when scheduled, any changes in fair value of the derivative is immediately reflected in net income.
Derivatives embedded in products and other investments, which are not clearly and closely related to the underlying host contract, have been bifurcated and valued separately. Certain embedded derivatives in insurance products required the development of models in order to calculate fair value. An adjustment to re-establish deferred acquisition cost was made, where appropriate.
As a result of adopting SFAS 133, AEGON recorded in its net income for 2001, based on US GAAP, a cumulative effect of an accounting change adjustment loss of EUR 54 million and a gain of EUR 49 million in comprehensive income for the same period. A one-time opportunity to reclassify available for sale investments to trading is allowed without tainting the remaining securities in the available for sale portfolio. The Company has elected to take this opportunity to reclass approximately EUR 1.6 billion of available for sale investments to trading as of January 1, 2001.
The total return swaps with Vereniging AEGON are being carried at fair value as a liability with the change in fair value reported in net income.
222
Prior to January 1, 2001, the Company also used interest rate swap contracts and foreign exchange contracts for hedging purposes. For interest rate swaps, the net amount paid or received and net amounts accrued through the end of the accounting period were included in interest expense. Unrealized gains or losses on interest rate swap contracts were not recognized in income. Gains or losses on contracts terminated early were deferred and amortized to income over the remaining average life of the terminated contracts.
6.18. GICs and Funding agreements
GICs and Funding Agreements are sold to a broad array of Institutional customers including defined contribution plans, defined benefit plans, public employee plans, municipal/governmental bond issuers, money market mutual funds, and Medium Term Note investors. GICs are generally issued to tax-qualified retirement plans while funding agreements are issued to non-qualified institutional investors both in domestic and international markets. The Company utilizes consolidated special purpose entities linked to either Medium Term Notes or Commercial Paper for the issuance of certain funding agreements. Under these programs, the proceeds of each note series or CP issuance are used to purchase a funding agreement from the Company, which is used to secure that particular series. The payment terms of any particular series substantially match the payment terms of the funding agreement that secures that series.
The account balances at December 31, 2002 consist of fixed rate, fixed maturity contracts (48%), floating rate, indeterminate maturity contracts (24%), floating rate, fixed maturity contracts (23%), and market-indexed, fixed maturity contracts (5%). Most of the fixed rate contracts are swapped to floating rate via swap agreements. Credited interest on floating rate contracts reset mostly on a monthly basis on various indices. Indeterminate maturity contracts allow the customer to withdraw funds with advance notice periods ranging from three to thirteen months without a withdrawal penalty. Market-indexed contracts provide a return based on the market performance of a designated index, such as the S&P 500. Futures or swap contracts are used to hedge the market risk and effectively convert the contract to a floating rate liability.
Major components of GICs and funding agreements in the consolidated statements of financial position are summarized as follows (in EUR millions):
December 31, 2002 |
December 31, 2001 | |||
Liabilities for GICs and funding agreements: |
||||
Guaranteed investment contracts issued to defined contribution/benefit plans |
4,782 | 6,521 | ||
Medium Term Note Funding agreements issued to an SPE |
7,424 | 6,488 | ||
Cash Market Funding Agreements |
6,136 | 7,446 | ||
Municipal/Governmental Funding Agreements |
4,794 | 5,669 | ||
Other Funding Agreements |
1,619 | 1,819 | ||
Total liabilities for GICs and funding agreements |
24,755 | 27,943 |
223
The following table presents reserves for guaranteed investment contracts and funding agreements by withdrawal provisions (in EUR millions):
2002 |
2001 | |||
Book Value Out1 |
||||
Putable: |
||||
90 days put |
1,650 | 2,154 | ||
180 days put |
764 | 682 | ||
364 days+ put |
3,310 | 4,694 | ||
Total putable |
5,724 | 7,530 | ||
Market Value Out2 |
||||
90 days notice |
1,370 | 1,788 | ||
180 days notice |
120 | 184 | ||
Total market value out |
1,490 | 1,972 | ||
Not putable or surrenderable |
17,541 | 18,441 | ||
Total GICs and funding agreements |
24,755 | 27,943 |
1 | Book Value Out: The amount equal to the sum of deposits less withdrawals with interest accrued at the contractual interest rate. |
2 | Market Value Out: The amount equal to the book value out plus a market value adjustment to adjust for changes in interest rates. |
The Municipal/Governmental funding agreements generally include downgrade language that, in the event various downgrade triggers are breached, one of the following four options must be followed:
transfer contract to a higher rated party
purchase a credit enhancement
collateralize the underlying position
pay the contract out at book value
These options are negotiated with the customer at contract issuance but the Company unilaterally retains the ultimate decision-making capability in the event of a downgrade. Available collateral is monitored to ensure the company would be able to utilize this option at its discretion.
As of December 31, 2002, the contractual maturities for all contracts with defined maturities were 2003 EUR 4,925 million; 2004 EUR 3,534 million; 2005 EUR 3,068 million; 2006 EUR 2,489 million; 2007 1,797 million; and thereafter EUR 3,063 million.
6.19. Separate accounts (included in Technical provisions with investments for the account of policyholders)
Separate accounts assets and liabilities generally represent funds maintained to meet specific investment objectives of policyholders who bear the investment risk. investment income and investment gains and losses generally accrue directly to such policyholders. The assets of each account are legally segregated and are not subject to claims that arise out of any other business of the Company. These assets and liabilities are carried at market value. Deposits, net investment income and realized capital gains and losses on separate accounts assets are reflected on the consolidated income statement offset by a technical provision for policyholders which bear the investment risk under Dutch Accounting Principles. These items are not reported in the income statement pursuant to US GAAP Accounting Principles.
The Company receives investment management fees from the proprietary mutual funds used as investment options for variable annuities and variable life insurance. The Company receives mortality and expense risk fees
224
from the separate accounts. The fees charged to policyholders are included in revenue from fee business and recognized over the period earned pursuant to US GAAP.
6.20. Equity securities
Unrealized gains and losses on equity securities are recognized in shareholders equity under US GAAP, taking into account the related (deferred) taxes. Gross unrealized gains and gross unrealized losses under a US GAAP differ from those presented under DAP. The following is a reconciliation of these amounts from DAP to US GAAP.
Cost Price |
Gross Unrealized Gains |
Gross Unrealized Losses |
Fair Value |
|||||||||
(amounts in EUR millions) | ||||||||||||
Amounts at December 31, 2002: |
||||||||||||
Dutch accounting basis |
6,069 | 853 | (598 | ) | 6,324 | |||||||
Deduct equity securities classified as trading for US GAAP |
(1,815 | ) | (464 | ) | 285 | (1,994 | ) | |||||
US GAAP accounting basis |
4,254 | 389 | (313 | ) | 4,330 | |||||||
Amounts at December 31, 2001: |
||||||||||||
Dutch accounting basis |
8,783 | 1,510 | (1,158 | ) | 9,135 | |||||||
Deduct equity securities classified as trading for US GAAP |
(2,136 | ) | (396 | ) | 286 | (2,246 | ) | |||||
US GAAP accounting basis |
6,647 | 1,114 | (872 | ) | 6,889 |
6.21. Subsequent events
In January and February 2003, AEGON and certain (former) members of the Executive Board and directors were named in a series of similar class action complaints filed in US federal court alleging various violations of US securities laws involving the issuance of false and misleading statements during the period between August 9, 2001 and July 22, 2002, when AEGON issued an update to its earnings guidance for 2002. AEGON believes these allegations are without merit and intends to defend vigorously against these actions. AEGON does not believe that these claims, either individually or in the aggregate, will result in a material adverse effect on its financial condition or results of operations.
On February 24, 2003, a proposal of law has been submitted to Dutch Parliament regarding changes in the rules for financial reporting of insurance companies. One element of this proposal might necessitate, if and when adopted, AEGON to discontinue the indirect return method for capital gains prior to the reporting year 2004.
On March 20, 2003 AEGON announced to propose a number of changes to its corporate governance with the purpose to modernize its corporate governance structure and to give more authority to its shareholders. For more information on this proposal, see Item 4. Information on the CompanyRecent Developments and Capital Expenditures and Divestments and Item 6. Directors, Senior Management and EmployeesEffect of Certain Proposed Amendments of AEGONs Articles of Incorporation.
On March 20, 2003 AEGON announced that its Supervisory Board intends to appoint Mr. Alexander R. Wynaendts as a member of AEGONs Executive Board as of the Annual General Meeting of Shareholders to be held on April 17, 2003. He will be responsible for business development and Asia.
225
SCHEDULE I
SUMMARY OF INVESTMENTS | OTHER THAN INVESTMENTS IN RELATED PARTIES | |||||
December 31, 2002 | ||||||
Cost1 |
Fair value |
Book value | ||||
(In million EUR) | ||||||
Shares |
6,069 | 6,324 | 6,324 | |||
Bonds: |
||||||
Dutch government |
670 | 711 | 670 | |||
US government |
4,505 | 4,591 | 4,505 | |||
Foreign government |
4,419 | 4,705 | 4,419 | |||
Mortgage backed securities |
16,169 | 16,330 | 16,169 | |||
Other |
49,934 | 52,223 | 49,934 | |||
Sub-total |
75,697 | 78,560 | 75,697 | |||
Private placements: |
||||||
Dutch government |
1,288 | 1,362 | 1,288 | |||
US government |
12 | 13 | 12 | |||
Foreign government |
819 | 820 | 819 | |||
Mortgage backed securities |
7,010 | 6,864 | 7,010 | |||
Other |
12,503 | 12,875 | 12,503 | |||
Sub-total |
21,632 | 21,934 | 21,632 | |||
Deposits with credit institutions |
1,577 | 1,577 | ||||
Loans guaranteed by mortgage2 |
18,611 | 18,568 | ||||
Real estate |
1,799 | 2,211 | ||||
Other |
4,599 | 4,599 | ||||
Grand total |
129,984 | 130,608 |
1 | Cost is defined as original cost for shares and amortized cost for bonds and private placements. |
2 | Includes real estate acquired in satisfaction of debt amounting to EUR 46 million at cost and book value. |
226
SCHEDULE III |
SUPPLEMENTARY INSURANCE INFORMATION | |||||||||||||||||||
Column A |
Column B |
Column C |
Column D |
Column E |
Column F |
Column G |
Column H |
Column I |
Column J |
Column K | ||||||||||
Segment |
deferred policy acquisition cost |
future policy benefits |
unearned premiums |
other policy claims and benefits |
premium revenue |
net investment income |
benefits, claims, losses |
amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs |
other operating expenses |
premiums written | ||||||||||
(In million EUR) | ||||||||||||||||||||
2002 |
||||||||||||||||||||
Life insurance |
14,089 | 209,218 | NA | NA | 17,741 | 8,964 | 17,774 | 1,520 | 2,028 | 17,741 | ||||||||||
Non-life insurance1 |
1,109 | NA | 1,782 | 1,840 | 3,615 | 631 | 2,000 | 328 | 977 | 3,615 | ||||||||||
2001 |
||||||||||||||||||||
Life insurance |
15,264 | 233,317 | NA | NA | 18,281 | 9,339 | 18,906 | 1,203 | 2,030 | 18,281 | ||||||||||
Non-life insurance1 |
1,202 | NA | 1,760 | 1,912 | 3,297 | 501 | 1,825 | 219 | 834 | 3,297 | ||||||||||
2000 |
||||||||||||||||||||
Life insurance |
13,459 | 217,043 | NA | NA | 17,983 | 9,182 | 19,099 | 1,143 | 1,915 | 17,983 | ||||||||||
Non-life insurance1 |
545 | NA | 1,244 | 1,814 | 2,788 | 352 | 1,549 | 141 | 597 | 2,788 |
1 | Includes Accident and Health insurance |
227
SCHEDULE IV
REINSURANCE
Column A |
Column B |
Column C |
Column D |
Column E |
Column F |
||||||
Gross amount |
Ceded to other companies |
Assumed from other companies |
Net amount |
Percentage of amount assumed to net |
|||||||
(In million EUR) | |||||||||||
Life insurance in force |
|||||||||||
2002 |
814,074 | 416,698 | 430,667 | 828,043 | 52.0 | % | |||||
2001 |
831,263 | 490,191 | 417,189 | 758,261 | 55.0 | % | |||||
2000 |
781,347 | 481,238 | 382,096 | 682,205 | 56.0 | % |
228
SCHEDULE V
VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS
Years ended December 31, |
|||||||||
2002 |
2001 |
2000 |
|||||||
(In million EUR) | |||||||||
Balance January 1 |
451 | 464 | 432 | ||||||
Addition charged to earnings |
880 | 804 | 142 | ||||||
Amounts written off and other changes |
(835 | ) | (817 | ) | (110 | ) | |||
Balance December 31 |
496 | 451 | 464 |
The provisions can be analyzed as follows:
December 31, | ||||||
2002 |
2001 |
2000 | ||||
Bonds and other fixed rate securities |
249 | 238 | 110 | |||
Loans guaranteed by mortgages |
38 | 53 | 184 | |||
Other loans |
32 | 75 | 74 | |||
Other financial investments |
17 | 34 | 34 | |||
Receivables |
160 | 51 | 62 | |||
Total |
496 | 451 | 464 |
229
Index to Exhibits |
Page | |||
7.1 | Ratio of earnings to fixed charges | 231 | ||
8.1 | List of Group companies | 232 | ||
12.1 | Certification required by Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) | 233 | ||
12.2 | Certification required by Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) | 234 | ||
13.1 | Certification required by Rule 13a-14(b) or Rule 15d-14(b) and Section 1350 of Chapter 63 of Title 18 of the United States Code (18 U.S.C. 1350) | 235 | ||
14.1 | Consent of independent auditors with respect to consolidated financial statements. | 236 |
The Company agrees to furnish to the Securities and Exchange Commission upon request copies of instruments with respect to long-term debt of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries.
The registrant hereby certifies that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form 20-F/A and that it has duly caused and authorized the undersigned to sign this annual report on its behalf.
AEGON N.V. |
/s/ JOSEPH B.M. STREPPEL |
Joseph B.M. Streppel Chief Financial Officer |
Date: November 14, 2003
230