CORP Q2 2014


UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
Quarterly report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of
The Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the quarterly period ended
Commission file
June 30, 2014
number 1-5805

JPMorgan Chase & Co.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware
13-2624428
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
(I.R.S. employer
identification no.)
 
 
270 Park Avenue, New York, New York
10017
(Address of principal executive offices)
(Zip Code)
 
 
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (212) 270-6000



Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
T Yes o No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).
T Yes o No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer T                 Accelerated filer o
Non-accelerated filer (Do not check if a smaller reporting company) o Smaller reporting company o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
o Yes T No
 
Number of shares of common stock outstanding as of June 30, 2014: 3,761,280,910
 






FORM 10-Q
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Part I - Financial information
Page
Item 1
Consolidated Financial Statements – JPMorgan Chase & Co.:
 
 
Consolidated statements of income (unaudited) for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013
90
 
Consolidated statements of comprehensive income (unaudited) for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013
91
 
Consolidated balance sheets (unaudited) at June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013
92
 
Consolidated statements of changes in stockholders’ equity (unaudited) for the six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013
93
 
Consolidated statements of cash flows (unaudited) for the six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013
94
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
95
 
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
183
 
Consolidated Average Balance Sheets, Interest and Rates (unaudited) for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013
184
 
Glossary of Terms and Line of Business Metrics
186
Item 2
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations:
 
 
Consolidated Financial Highlights
3
 
Introduction
4
 
Executive Overview
6
 
Consolidated Results of Operations
10
 
Consolidated Balance Sheet Analysis
13
 
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
15
 
Consolidated Cash Flows Analysis
16
 
Explanation and Reconciliation of the Firm’s Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures
17
 
Business Segment Results
19
 
Enterprise-Wide Risk Management
50
 
Credit Risk Management
51
 
Market Risk Management
69
 
Country Risk Management
72
 
Operational Risk Management
73
 
Capital Management
74
 
Liquidity Risk Management
81
 
Supervision and Regulation
85
 
Critical Accounting Estimates Used by the Firm
86
 
Accounting and Reporting Developments
88
 
Forward-Looking Statements
89
Item 3
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
191
Item 4
Controls and Procedures
191
Part II - Other information
 
Item 1
Legal Proceedings
192
Item 1A
Risk Factors
192
Item 2
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
192
Item 3
Defaults Upon Senior Securities
193
Item 4
Mine Safety Disclosure
193
Item 5
Other Information
193
Item 6
Exhibits
193

2




JPMorgan Chase & Co.
Consolidated financial highlights
(unaudited)
As of or for the period ended,
 
 
 
 
 
Six months ended June 30,
(in millions, except per share, ratio, headcount data and where otherwise noted)
2Q14
1Q14
4Q13
3Q13
2Q13
2014
2013
Selected income statement data
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total net revenue
$
24,454

$
22,993

$
23,156

$
23,117

$
25,211

$
47,447

$
50,333

Total noninterest expense
15,431

14,636

15,552

23,626

15,866

30,067

31,289

Pre-provision profit/(loss)
9,023

8,357

7,604

(509
)
9,345

17,380

19,044

Provision for credit losses
692

850

104

(543
)
47

1,542

664

Income before income tax expense
8,331

7,507

7,500

34

9,298

15,838

18,380

Income tax expense
2,346

2,233

2,222

414

2,802

4,579

5,355

Net income/(loss)
$
5,985

$
5,274

$
5,278

$
(380
)
$
6,496

$
11,259

$
13,025

Per common share data
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income/(loss) per share: Basic
$
1.47

$
1.29

$
1.31

$
(0.17
)
$
1.61

$
2.77

$
3.22

             Diluted
1.46

1.28

1.30

(0.17
)
1.60

2.74

3.19

Cash dividends declared per share
0.40

0.38

0.38

0.38

0.38

0.78

0.68

Book value per share
55.53

54.05

53.25

52.01

52.48

55.53

52.48

Tangible book value per share (“TBVPS”)(a)
43.17

41.73

40.81

39.51

39.97

43.17

39.97

Common shares outstanding
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Average: Basic
3,780.6

3,787.2

3,762.1

3,767.0

3,782.4

3,783.9

3,800.3

Diluted
3,812.5

3,823.6

3,797.1

3,767.0

3,814.3

3,818.1

3,830.6

Common shares at period-end
3,761.3

3,784.7

3,756.1

3,759.2

3,769.0

3,761.3

3,769.0

Share price(b)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
High
$
61.29

$
61.48

$
58.55

$
56.93

$
55.90

$
61.48

$
55.90

Low
52.97

54.20

50.25

50.06

46.05

52.97

44.20

Close
57.62

60.71

58.48

51.69

52.79

57.62

52.79

Market capitalization
216,725

229,700

219,657

194,312

198,966

216,725

198,966

Selected ratios and metrics
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Return on common equity (“ROE”)
11
%
10
%
10
%
(1
)%
13
%
11
%
13
%
Return on tangible common equity (“ROTCE”)(a)
14

13

14

(2
)
17

14

17

Return on assets (“ROA”)
0.99

0.89

0.87

(0.06
)
1.09

0.94

1.11

Overhead ratio
63

64

67

102

63

63

62

Loans-to-deposits ratio
57

57

57

57

60

57

60

High quality liquid assets (“HQLA”) (in billions)(c)
$
576

$
538

$
522

$
538

$
454

$
576

$
454

Common equity tier 1 (“CET1”) capital ratio(d)
9.8
%
10.9
%
10.7%

10.5
 %
10.4
%
9.8
%
10.4
%
Tier 1 capital ratio(d)
11.1

12.1

11.9

11.7

11.6

11.1

11.6

Total capital ratio(d)
12.5

14.5

14.4

14.3

14.1

12.5

14.1

Tier 1 leverage ratio(d)
7.6

7.4

7.1

6.9

7.0

7.6

7.0

Selected balance sheet data (period-end)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Trading assets
$
392,543

$
375,204

$
374,664

$
383,348

$
401,470

$
392,543

$
401,470

Securities(e)
361,918

351,850

354,003

356,556

354,725

361,918

354,725

Loans
746,983

730,971

738,418

728,679

725,586

746,983

725,586

Total assets
2,520,336

2,476,986

2,415,689

2,463,309

2,439,494

2,520,336

2,439,494

Deposits
1,319,751

1,282,705

1,287,765

1,281,102

1,202,950

1,319,751

1,202,950

Long-term debt(f)
269,929

274,512

267,889

263,372

266,212

269,929

266,212

Common stockholders’ equity
208,851

204,572

200,020

195,512

197,781

208,851

197,781

Total stockholders’ equity
227,314

219,655

211,178

206,670

209,239

227,314

209,239

Headcount
245,192

246,994

251,196

255,041

254,063

245,192

254,063

Credit quality metrics
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Allowance for credit losses
$
15,974

$
16,485

$
16,969

$
18,248

$
20,137

$
15,974

$
20,137

Allowance for loan losses to total retained loans
2.08
%
2.20
%
2.25%

2.43
 %
2.69
%
2.08
%
2.69
%
Allowance for loan losses to retained loans excluding purchased credit-impaired loans(g)
1.69

1.75

1.80

1.89

2.06

1.69

2.06

Nonperforming assets
$
9,017

$
9,473

$
9,706

$
10,380

$
11,041

$
9,017

$
11,041

Net charge-offs
1,158

1,269

1,328

1,346

1,403

2,427

3,128

Net charge-off rate
0.64
%
0.71
%
0.73%

0.74
 %
0.78
%
0.68
%
0.88
%
(a)
TBVPS and ROTCE are non-GAAP financial measures. TBVPS represents the Firm’s tangible common equity divided by period-end common shares. ROTCE measures the Firm’s annualized earnings as a percentage of tangible common equity. For further discussion of these measures, see Explanation and Reconciliation of the Firm’s Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures on pages 17–18.
(b)
Share price shown for JPMorgan Chase’s common stock is from the New York Stock Exchange. JPMorgan Chase’s common stock is also listed and traded on the London Stock Exchange and the Tokyo Stock Exchange.
(c)
HQLA is the estimated amount of assets that qualify for inclusion in the Basel III liquidity coverage ratio; see HQLA on page 84.
(d)
Basel III Transitional rules became effective on January 1, 2014; all prior period data is based on Basel I rules. As of June 30, 2014, the ratios presented are calculated under the Basel III Advanced Transitional Approach. CET1 capital under Basel III replaced Tier 1 common capital under Basel I. Prior to Basel III becoming effective on January 1, 2014, Tier 1 common capital under Basel I was a non-GAAP financial measure. See Regulatory capital on pages 74–78 for additional information on Basel III and non-GAAP financial measures of regulatory capital.
(e)
Included held-to-maturity (“HTM”) securities of $47.8 billion, $47.3 billion, $24.0 billion and $4.5 billion at June 30, 2014, March 31, 2014, December 31, 2013 and September 30, 2013, respectively. Held-to-maturity balance at June 30, 2013 was not material.
(f)
Included unsecured long-term debt of $205.6 billion, $206.1 billion, $199.4 billion, $199.2 billion and $199.1 billion at June 30, 2014, March 31, 2014, December 31, 2013, September 30, 2013 and June 30, 2013, respectively.
(g)
Excludes the impact of residential real estate purchased credit-impaired (“PCI”) loans. For further discussion, see Allowance for credit losses on pages 66–68.

3


INTRODUCTION
This section of the Form 10-Q provides management’s discussion and analysis (“MD&A”) of the financial condition and results of operations of JPMorgan Chase & Co. (“JPMorgan Chase” or the “Firm”). See the Glossary of terms on pages 186–189 for definitions of terms used throughout this Form 10-Q.
This Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with JPMorgan Chase’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2013, filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“2013 Annual Report” or “2013 Form 10-K”), to which reference is hereby made.
The MD&A included in this Form 10-Q contains statements that are forward-looking within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements are based on the current beliefs and expectations of JPMorgan Chase’s management and are subject to significant risks and uncertainties. Actual results may differ from those set forth in the forward-looking statements. For a discussion of those risks and uncertainties and the factors that could cause JPMorgan Chase’s actual results to differ materially from those risks and uncertainties, see Forward-looking Statements on page 89 of this Form 10-Q and Part I, Item 1A, Risk Factors, on pages 9–18 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.
JPMorgan Chase & Co., a financial holding company incorporated under Delaware law in 1968, is a leading global financial services firm and one of the largest banking institutions in the United States of America (“U.S.”), with operations worldwide; the Firm had $2.5 trillion in assets and $227.3 billion in stockholders’ equity as of June 30, 2014. The Firm is a leader in investment banking, financial services for consumers and small businesses, commercial banking, financial transaction processing and asset management. Under the J.P. Morgan and Chase brands, the Firm serves millions of customers in the U.S. and many of the world’s most prominent corporate, institutional and government clients.
JPMorgan Chase’s principal bank subsidiaries are JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association (“JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.”), a national bank with U.S. branches in 23 states, and Chase Bank USA, National Association (“Chase Bank USA, N.A.”), a national bank that is the Firm’s credit card–issuing bank. JPMorgan Chase’s principal nonbank subsidiary is J.P. Morgan Securities LLC (“JPMorgan Securities”), the Firm’s U.S. investment banking firm. The bank and nonbank subsidiaries of JPMorgan Chase operate nationally as well as through overseas branches and subsidiaries, representative offices and subsidiary foreign banks. One of the Firm’s principal operating subsidiaries in the United Kingdom (“U.K.”) is J.P. Morgan Securities plc , a subsidiary of JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.
 
JPMorgan Chase’s activities are organized, for management reporting purposes, into four major reportable business segments, as well as a Corporate/Private Equity segment. The Firm’s consumer business is the Consumer & Community Banking segment. The Corporate & Investment Bank, Commercial Banking, and Asset Management segments comprise the Firm’s wholesale businesses. A description of the Firm’s business segments, and the products and services they provide to their respective client bases, follows.
Consumer & Community Banking
Consumer & Community Banking (“CCB”) serves consumers and businesses through personal service at bank branches and through ATMs, online, mobile and telephone banking. CCB is organized into Consumer & Business Banking (“CBB”), Mortgage Banking (including Mortgage Production, Mortgage Servicing and Real Estate Portfolios) and Card, Merchant Services & Auto (“Card”). Consumer & Business Banking offers deposit and investment products and services to consumers, and lending, deposit, and cash management and payment solutions to small businesses. Mortgage Banking includes mortgage origination and servicing activities, as well as portfolios comprised of residential mortgages and home equity loans, including the purchased credit-impaired (“PCI”) portfolio acquired in the Washington Mutual transaction. Card issues credit cards to consumers and small businesses, provides payment services to corporate and public sector clients through its commercial card products, offers payment processing services to merchants, and provides auto and student loan services.
Corporate & Investment Bank
The Corporate & Investment Bank (“CIB”), comprised of Banking and Markets & Investor Services, offers a broad suite of investment banking, market-making, prime brokerage, and treasury and securities products and services to a global client base of corporations, investors, financial institutions, and government and municipal entities. Within Banking, the CIB offers a full range of investment banking products and services in all major capital markets, including advising on corporate strategy and structure, capital-raising in equity and debt markets, as well as loan origination and syndication. Also included in Banking is Treasury Services, which includes transaction services, comprised primarily of cash management and liquidity solutions, and trade finance products. The Markets & Investor Services segment of the CIB is a global market-maker in cash securities and derivative instruments, and also offers sophisticated risk management solutions, prime brokerage, and research. Markets & Investor Services also includes the Securities Services business, a leading global custodian, which includes custody, fund accounting and administration, and securities lending products sold principally to asset managers, insurance companies and public and private investment funds.


4


Commercial Banking
Commercial Banking (“CB”) delivers extensive industry knowledge, local expertise and dedicated service to U.S. and multinational clients, including corporations, municipalities, financial institutions and nonprofit entities with annual revenue generally ranging from $20 million to $2 billion. CB provides financing to real estate investors and owners. Partnering with the Firm’s other businesses, CB provides comprehensive financial solutions, including lending, treasury services, investment banking and asset management to meet its clients’ domestic and international financial needs.
Asset Management
Asset Management (“AM”), with client assets of $2.5 trillion as of June 30, 2014, is a global leader in investment and wealth management. AM clients include institutions, high-net-worth individuals and retail investors in every major market throughout the world. AM offers investment management across all major asset classes including equities, fixed income, alternatives and money market funds. AM also offers multi-asset investment management, providing solutions to a broad range of clients’ investment needs. For individual investors, AM also provides retirement products and services, brokerage and banking services including trusts and estates, loans, mortgages and deposits. The majority of AM’s client assets are in actively managed portfolios.
 
In addition to the four major reportable business segments outlined above, the following is a description of the Corporate/Private Equity segment.
Corporate/Private Equity
The Corporate/Private Equity segment comprises Private Equity, Treasury and Chief Investment Office (“CIO”) and Other Corporate, which includes corporate staff units and expense that is centrally managed. Treasury and CIO are predominantly responsible for measuring, monitoring, reporting and managing the Firm’s liquidity, funding and structural interest rate and foreign exchange risks, as well as executing the Firm’s capital plan. The major Other Corporate units include Real Estate, Enterprise Technology, Legal, Compliance, Finance, Human Resources, Internal Audit, Risk Management, Oversight & Control, Corporate Responsibility and various Other Corporate groups. Other centrally managed expense includes the Firm’s occupancy and pension-related expense that are subject to allocation to the businesses.



5


EXECUTIVE OVERVIEW
This executive overview of the MD&A highlights selected information and may not contain all of the information that is important to readers of this Form 10-Q. For a complete description of trends and uncertainties, as well as the risks
 
and critical accounting estimates affecting the Firm and its various lines of business, this Form 10-Q should be read in its entirety.

Financial performance of JPMorgan Chase
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Three months ended June 30,
 
Six months ended June 30,
(in millions, except per share data and ratios)
2014
 
2013
 
Change
 
2014
 
2013
 
Change
Selected income statement data
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total net revenue
$
24,454

 
$
25,211

 
(3
)%
 
$
47,447

 
$
50,333

 
(6
)%
Total noninterest expense
15,431

 
15,866

 
(3
)
 
30,067

 
31,289

 
(4
)
Pre-provision profit
9,023

 
9,345

 
(3
)
 
17,380

 
19,044

 
(9
)
Provision for credit losses
692

 
47

 
NM

 
1,542

 
664

 
132

Net income
5,985

 
6,496

 
(8
)
 
11,259

 
13,025

 
(14
)
Diluted earnings per share
$
1.46

 
1.60

 
(9
)
 
2.74

 
3.19

 
(14
)%
Return on common equity
11
%
 
13
%
 
 
 
11
%
 
13
%
 
 
Capital ratios(a)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CET1
9.8

 
10.4

 
 
 
9.8

 
10.4

 
 
Tier 1 capital
11.1

 
11.6

 
 
 
11.1

 
11.6

 
 
(a)
Basel III Transitional rules became effective on January 1, 2014; all prior period data is based on Basel I rules. As of June 30, 2014, the ratios presented are calculated under the Basel III Advanced Transitional Approach. CET1 capital under Basel III replaced Tier 1 common capital under Basel I. Prior to Basel III becoming effective on January 1, 2014, Tier 1 common capital under Basel I was a non-GAAP financial measure. See Regulatory capital on pages 74–78 for additional information on Basel III and non-GAAP financial measures of regulatory capital.
Business Overview
JPMorgan Chase reported second-quarter 2014 net income of $6.0 billion, or $1.46 per share, on net revenue of $24.5 billion. Net income decreased by $511 million, compared with net income of $6.5 billion, or $1.60 per share, in the second quarter of 2013. Return on equity for the quarter was 11%, compared with 13% for the prior-year quarter.
The Firm’s results reflected strong underlying performance, notwithstanding industry-wide headwinds in Markets and Mortgage.
The decrease in net income from the second quarter of 2013 was driven by higher provision for credit losses and lower net revenue, partially offset by lower noninterest expense. Net revenue was $24.5 billion, down 3% compared with the prior year. Noninterest revenue was $13.7 billion, down 6% compared with the prior year, primarily driven by a decrease in principal transactions and lower mortgage fees and related income, partially offset by an increase in other income. Net interest income was $10.8 billion, up 1% compared with the prior year, reflecting the impact of higher yields on securities, lower yields on long-term debt and deposits, and higher average loan balances, largely offset by lower yields on loans and lower average interest-earning trading asset balances.
The provision for credit losses for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014 increased from the prior year, reflecting an increase in the consumer provision for credit losses, partially offset by a decline in the wholesale provision for credit losses. The increase in the consumer provision for credit losses was the result of a lower benefit from reductions in the consumer allowance for loan losses, partially offset by lower net charge-offs. The current-quarter consumer allowance release was primarily due to the continued improvement in home prices and
 
delinquencies in the residential real estate portfolio. The current-quarter consumer provision reflected a $354 million reduction in the allowance for credit losses, compared to a $1.5 billion reduction in the prior year. Consumer net charge-offs were $1.2 billion, compared with $1.5 billion in the prior year, resulting in net charge-off rates, excluding PCI loans, of 1.34% and 1.66%, respectively. The wholesale provision reflected a generally favorable credit environment and stable credit quality trends. The wholesale provision for credit losses was a benefit of $156 million, compared to a provision of $76 million in the prior year. Wholesale net recoveries were $44 million, compared with net recoveries of $67 million in the prior year, resulting in net recovery rate of 0.06% and 0.09%, respectively. The Firm’s allowance for loan losses to period-end loans retained, excluding PCI loans, was 1.69%, compared with 2.06% in the prior year. The Firm’s nonperforming assets totaled $9.0 billion, down from the prior quarter and prior year levels of $9.5 billion and $11.0 billion, respectively.
Noninterest expense was $15.4 billion, down $435 million, or 3%, compared with the prior year, driven by lower expense in mortgage production and servicing and lower performance-related compensation in the Corporate & Investment Bank, predominantly offset by higher control costs.
CBB average deposits were up 9% and Business Banking loan originations, a record, were up 46%. Client investment assets were a record $205.2 billion, up 19%, and credit card sales volume was $118.0 billion, up 12% from the prior year. CIB maintained its #1 ranking for Global Investment Banking fees, and assets under custody were up 14% compared with the prior year. CB period-end loan balances were up 9%, and gross investment banking


6


revenue with CB clients was up 25%. AM reported positive net long-term product flows for the twenty-first consecutive quarter, total client assets of $2.5 trillion and record period-end loan balances of $100.9 billion.
The Firm maintained its fortress balance sheet, ending the second quarter with estimated Basel III Advanced Fully Phased-in CET1 capital of $161 billion and a CET1 capital ratio of 9.8%. (Basel III Advanced Fully Phased-In measures are non-GAAP financial measures which the Firm uses, along with the other capital measures, to assess and monitor its capital position. For further discussion of the CET1 capital ratios, see Regulatory capital on pages 74–78.) The Firm’s supplementary leverage ratio (“SLR”) was 5.4% and the Firm had $576 billion of high quality liquid assets (“HQLA”) as of June 30, 2014.
JPMorgan Chase continued to support clients, consumers, companies and communities around the globe. The Firm provided credit and raised capital of over $1.0 trillion for commercial and consumer clients during the six months ended June 30, 2014. This included $10 billion of credit provided for U.S. small businesses and $296 billion of credit provided for corporations. The Firm raised more than $611 billion of capital for clients. In addition, more than $33 billion of credit was provided to, and capital was raised for, nonprofit and government entities, including states, municipalities, hospitals and universities.
Consumer & Community Banking net income was $2.4 billion, a decrease of $646 million, or 21%, compared with the prior year, due to higher provision for credit losses and lower net revenue, partially offset by lower noninterest expense. Net revenue was $11.4 billion, a decrease of $584 million, or 5%, compared with the prior year. Net interest income was $7.0 billion, down $131 million, or 2%, driven by spread compression and lower mortgage warehouse balances, largely offset by higher deposit balances. Noninterest revenue was $4.5 billion, a decrease of $453 million, or 9%, driven by lower mortgage fees and related income. The provision for credit losses was $852 million, compared with a benefit of $19 million in the prior year. The current-quarter provision reflected a $357 million reduction in the allowance for loan losses and total net charge-offs of $1.2 billion. The prior-year provision reflected a $1.5 billion reduction in the allowance for loan losses and total net charge-offs of $1.5 billion. Noninterest expense was $6.5 billion, a decrease of $408 million, or 6%, from the prior year, driven by lower Mortgage Banking expense, partially offset by higher Credit Card expense. Return on equity for the second quarter of 2014 was 19% on $51.0 billion of average allocated capital.
Corporate & Investment Bank net income was $2.0 billion, down 31% compared with $2.8 billion in the prior year, reflecting lower revenue, as well as higher noninterest expense. Net revenue was $9.0 billion compared with $9.9 billion in the prior year. Excluding the impact of a debit valuation adjustment (“DVA”) gain of $355 million in the prior year, net revenue was down 6% from $9.5 billion in the prior year, and net income was down 25% from $2.6 billion in the prior year. Noninterest expense was $6.1 billion, up 6% from the prior year, driven by higher
 
noncompensation expense, partially offset by lower performance-based compensation. Return on equity for the second quarter of 2014 was 13% on $61.0 billion of average allocated capital.
Commercial Banking net income was $658 million, up 6% compared with the prior year, reflecting a lower provision for credit losses, partially offset by higher noninterest expense and lower net revenue. Net revenue was $1.7 billion, a decrease of $27 million, or 2%, compared with the prior year. Net interest income was $1.1 billion, a decrease of $53 million, or 5%, compared with the prior year, reflecting spread compression and lower purchase discounts recognized on loan repayments, partially offset by higher loan balances. Noninterest revenue was $577 million, an increase of $26 million, or 5%, compared with the prior year, driven by higher investment banking revenue. Noninterest expense was $675 million, up 4% compared with the prior year, largely reflecting higher investments in controls. Return on equity for the second quarter of 2014 was 19% on $14.0 billion of average allocated capital.
Asset Management net income was $552 million, an increase of $52 million, or 10%, from the prior year, reflecting higher net revenue, largely offset by higher noninterest expense. Net revenue was $3.0 billion, an increase of $231 million, or 8%, from the prior year. Noninterest revenue was $2.4 billion, up $224 million, or 10%, from the prior year, due to net client inflows and the effect of higher market levels. Net interest income was $576 million, up $7 million, or 1% from the prior year, due to higher loan and deposit balances, largely offset by spread compression. Noninterest expense was $2.1 billion, an increase of $170 million, or 9%, from the prior year, primarily due to continued investment in controls and growth. Return on equity was 25% on $9.0 billion of average allocated capital and pretax margin was 30% for the second quarter of 2014.
Corporate/Private Equity net income was $369 million, compared with a net loss of $552 million in the prior year.
Private Equity reported net income of $7 million, compared with net income of $212 million in the prior year. Net revenue was $36 million, compared with $410 million in the prior year, primarily due to lower net valuation gains on privately held investments.
Treasury and CIO reported a net loss of $46 million, compared with a net loss of $429 million in the prior year. Net revenue was $87 million, compared with a loss of $648 million in the prior year. Current-quarter net interest income was a loss of $10 million, compared with a loss of $558 million in the prior year, reflecting the benefit of higher interest rates and reinvestment opportunities.
Other Corporate reported net income of $408 million, compared with a net loss of $335 million in the prior year. The current quarter included $227 million of legal expense, compared with $604 million of legal expense in the prior year. The current quarter included an after-tax benefit of over $200 million for tax adjustments.


7


2014 Business outlook
JPMorgan Chase’s outlook for the third quarter and remainder of 2014 should be viewed against the backdrop of the global and U.S. economies, including the strength of consumers and businesses, U.S. housing prices, the unemployment rate, implied market interest rates, financial market levels and activity, the geopolitical environment, the competitive environment, client activity levels, and regulatory and legislative developments in the U.S. and other countries where the Firm does business. Each of these linked factors will affect the performance of the Firm and its lines of business, although each of these factors will affect each of the lines of business to a different degree.
Set forth below is a table summarizing management’s current expectations with respect to certain specific revenue, expense and credit items, as well as the related drivers, for the third quarter and the remainder of 2014.
 
These current expectations are forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Such forward-looking statements are based on the current beliefs and expectations of JPMorgan Chase’s management, are made only as of the date hereof, and are subject to significant risks and uncertainties. These risks and uncertainties could cause the Firm’s actual results to differ materially from those set forth in such forward-looking statements. See Forward-Looking Statements on page 89 of this Form 10-Q and Risk Factors on pages 9-18 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report. There is no assurance that actual results for the third quarter or full year of 2014 will be in line with the outlook set forth below, and the Firm does not undertake to update any of these forward-looking statements to reflect the impact of circumstances or events that arise after the date hereof.


Selected outlook items
 
 
 
 
(in millions, except ratios and where otherwise noted)
 
 
 
 
LOB
Line item
2Q14
FY13
 
Current management outlook
Firmwide
Adjusted expense
($ in billions)(a)
$14.8
$59.0
 
Expect $58 billion +/- adjusted expense for FY14; final Firmwide expense will be affected by performance-related compensation for FY14
 
CCB, excluding MB, expense
$5,150
$20,240
 
Expect CCB, excluding MB, expense to increase by approximately 1% for FY14 vs. FY13, in-line with previous guidance
 
CB expense
$675
$2,610
 
Expect expense of a little less than $700 million for 3Q14
 
AM expense
$2,062
$8,016
 
Expect AM expense to increase modestly in 3Q14 vs. 2Q14
CCB
Production-related pretax income, excluding repurchase (losses)/benefits
$(74)
$494
 
Expect small negative Production pretax income in 3Q14 – market dependent
CCB
Servicing-related net revenue(b)
$693
$2,869
 
Expect Servicing revenue to be $600 million +/- in 3Q14
CCB
Reduction in NCI Real Estate Portfolios allowance for loan losses
$—
$(2,300)
 
Expect a $500 million to $1 billion reduction in the allowance over the next couple of years, as the credit quality of the portfolio continues to improve
CCB

Card revenue rate
12.15%
12.49%
 
Expect net revenue rate to be at the lower end of the 12.0-12.5% guidance – with fluctuations by quarter due to seasonality
CCB
Reduction in Card allowance for loan losses
$—
$(1,706)
 
Do not expect any significant reductions in the Card allowance for loan losses based on the current credit environment
CIB
Fixed Income & Equities revenue (Markets revenue)
$4,647
$20,226
 
Expect current environment to persist into 3Q14 with normal seasonal trends
CIB
Securities Services revenue
$1,137
$4,082
 
Expect Securities Services revenue to decrease by approximately $100 million in 3Q14 vs. 2Q14 due to seasonality
CIB
Treasury Services (TS) revenue
$1,012
$4,135
 
Expect TS revenue to be flat vs. 2Q14, at approximately $1 billion in 3Q14 – primarily due to the impact of business simplification and lower trade finance balances and spreads
AM

Pretax margin
30%
29%
 
Expect FY14 pretax margin and ROE to be lower than 2Q14 – as the business continues to invest in both infrastructure and controls –
as well as select front office hiring – but on track to deliver through-the-cycle targets for FY15
AM
Return on equity
25%
23%
 
(a)
Firmwide adjusted expense, a non-GAAP financial measure, excludes total Firmwide legal expenses and foreclosure-related matters. Management believes this information helps investors understand the effect of these items on reported results and provides an alternate presentation of the Firm’s performance.
(b)
This line item is net of changes in the MSR asset fair value due to collection/realization of expected cash flows; plus net interest income.
Note: The table above includes abbreviations to denote the following: for the years ended December 31, 2015 (“FY15”), 2014 (“FY14”) and 2013 (“FY13”), respectively; for the three months ended September 30, 2014 (“3Q14”), June 30, 2014 (“2Q14”) and June 30, 2013 (“2Q13”), respectively; line of business (“LOB”); and Non credit-impaired (“NCI”).

8


Business events
Regulatory Update
Effective April 1, 2014, the Firm was approved to calculate capital under the Basel III Advanced Approach, in addition to the Basel III Standardized Approach. For further information on Basel III, refer to Capital management on pages 74–80.
CEO Health Disclosure
On July 1, 2014, Jamie Dimon, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, announced he had been diagnosed with throat cancer. The prognosis is excellent and his condition is curable. Treatment should take approximately eight weeks. During this time, Mr. Dimon intends to continue to be actively involved in the business and the Firm as usual.
For Business events during the six months ended June 30, 2014, see Note 2.



9


CONSOLIDATED RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following section provides a comparative discussion of JPMorgan Chase’s Consolidated Results of Operations on a reported basis for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013. Factors that relate primarily to a single business segment are discussed in more detail within that
 
business segment. For a discussion of the Critical Accounting Estimates Used by the Firm that affect the Consolidated Results of Operations, see pages 86–88 of this Form 10-Q and pages 174–178 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.

Revenue
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Three months ended June 30,
 
Six months ended June 30,
(in millions)
2014
 
2013
 
Change
 
2014
 
2013
 
Change

Investment banking fees
$
1,751

 
$
1,717

 
2
%
 
$
3,171

 
$
3,162

 

Principal transactions
2,908

 
3,760

 
(23
)
 
6,230

 
7,521

 
(17
)
Lending- and deposit-related fees
1,463

 
1,489

 
(2
)
 
2,868

 
2,957

 
(3
)
Asset management, administration and commissions
4,007

 
3,865

 
4

 
7,843

 
7,464

 
5

Securities gains
12

 
124

 
(90
)
 
42

 
633

 
(93
)
Mortgage fees and related income
1,291

 
1,823

 
(29
)
 
1,805

 
3,275

 
(45
)
Card income
1,549

 
1,503

 
3

 
2,957

 
2,922

 
1

Other income(a)
675

 
226

 
199

 
1,066

 
762

 
40

Noninterest revenue
13,656

 
14,507

 
(6
)
 
25,982

 
28,696

 
(9
)
Net interest income
10,798

 
10,704

 
1

 
21,465

 
21,637

 
(1
)
Total net revenue
$
24,454

 
$
25,211

 
(3
)%
 
$
47,447

 
$
50,333

 
(6
)%
(a)
Included operating lease income of $422 million and $363 million for the three months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively, and $820 million and $712 million for the six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively.
Total net revenue for the three months ended June 30, 2014, decreased by $757 million compared with the three months ended June 30, 2013. The decrease was predominantly due to lower principal transactions revenue and lower mortgage fees and related income, partially offset by higher other income. For the six months ended June 30, 2014, total net revenue decreased by $2.9 billion from the same period of the prior year. The decrease was predominantly due to lower mortgage fees and related income, principal transactions revenue, and securities gains, partially offset by higher asset management, administration and commissions income.
Investment banking fees for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014, increased slightly compared with the prior year, due to higher advisory and equity underwriting fees, largely offset by lower debt underwriting fees. The increase in advisory fees was related to stronger wallet share of completed transactions. The increase in equity underwriting fees was driven by stronger industry-wide issuance. The decrease in debt underwriting fees was primarily related to lower loan syndication fees on lower industry-wide wallet levels. For additional information on investment banking fees, see CIB segment results on pages 34–39 and Note 6.
Principal transactions revenue decreased compared with the stronger results of the three and six months ended June 30, 2013, reflecting, in CIB, lower fixed income markets revenue on historically low levels of volatility and lower client activity across products, as well as lower equity markets revenue on lower derivatives revenue. Private equity gains in the three months ended June 30, 2014 decreased from the prior year as a result of lower net valuation gains on privately held investments. For the six months ended June 30, 2014, private equity gains increased due to higher net valuation gains on publicly held
 
investments and gains on sales. For additional information on principal transactions revenue, see CIB and Corporate/Private Equity segment results on pages 34–39 and pages 47–49, respectively, and Note 6.
Asset management, administration and commissions revenue increased compared with the three and six months ended June 30, 2013, reflecting higher net client inflows and the effect of higher market levels in AM and CCB. The increase was offset partially by lower revenue in CCB related to the exit of a non-core product in the second half of 2013. For additional information on these fees and commissions, see the segment discussions for CCB on pages 20–33, AM on pages 43–46, and Note 6.
Securities gains in the three and six months ended June 30, 2014, decreased compared with the prior periods, reflecting the repositioning of the investment securities portfolio. For additional information, see the Corporate/Private Equity segment discussion on pages 47–49, and Note 11.
Mortgage fees and related income in the three and six months ended June 30, 2014, decreased compared with the prior periods. For both periods, the decrease was predominantly related to lower net production revenue, driven by lower volumes. The decrease from the three months of the prior year was offset partially by higher mortgage servicing rights (“MSR”) risk management results, driven by approximately $220 million of positive model assumption updates on slower prepayments, compared with $79 million in the prior year. MSR risk management results for the six months ended June 30, 2014, were flat compared with the prior year. For additional information, see pages 28–30, and Note 16.


10


Other income increased in the three and six months ended June 30, 2014 compared with the prior year, reflecting a benefit from a franchise tax settlement, the absence of a modest loss on the redemption of trust preferred securities recorded in the second quarter of 2013, and higher auto operating lease income in CCB, resulting from growth in lease volume. The increase in the six months ended June 30, 2014, was partially offset by lower valuations of seed capital investments in AM.
Net interest income increased in the three months ended June 30, 2014, compared with the prior year; for the six months ended June 30, 2014, net interest income decreased compared with the prior year. The increase from the three months ended June 30, 2013, primarily reflected the impact of higher yields on securities, lower yields on long-term debt and deposits, and higher average loan balances, largely offset by lower yields on loans (due to the
 
run-off of higher-yielding loans and new originations of lower-yielding loans), and lower average interest-earning trading asset balances. The decrease from the six months ended June 30, 2013, primarily reflected the impact of lower yields on loans (due to the run-off of higher yielding loans and new originations of lower yielding loans), and lower average interest-earning trading asset balances, largely offset by higher yields on securities and lower yields on long-term debt and deposits. The Firm’s average interest-earning assets were $2.0 trillion for the three months ended June 30, 2014, and the net interest yield on those assets, on a fully taxable-equivalent (“FTE”) basis, was 2.19%, a decrease of 1 basis point from the prior year. For the six months ended June 30, 2014, the Firm’s average interest-earning assets were $2.0 trillion, and the net interest yield on those assets, on a FTE basis, was 2.20%, a decrease of 8 basis points from the prior year.

Provision for credit losses
 
 
 
 
 
Three months ended June 30,
 
Six months ended June 30,
(in millions)
2014
 
2013
 
Change
 
2014
 
2013
 
Change
Consumer, excluding credit card
$
(37
)
 
$
(493
)
 
92
%
 
$
82

 
$
(530
)
 
NM 

Credit card
885

 
464

 
91

 
1,573

 
1,046

 
50
%
Total consumer
848

 
(29
)
 
NM 

 
1,655

 
516

 
221

Wholesale
(156
)
 
76

 
NM 

 
(113
)
 
148

 
NM 

Total provision for credit losses
$
692

 
$
47

 
NM 

 
$
1,542

 
$
664

 
132
%
The provision for credit losses for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014 increased from the prior year, reflecting an increase in the consumer provision for credit losses, partially offset by a decline in the wholesale provision for credit losses. The increase in the consumer provision for credit losses was the result of a lower benefit from reductions in the consumer allowance for loan losses, partially offset by lower net charge-offs. The consumer allowance release was primarily due to the continued
 
improvement in home prices and delinquencies in the residential real estate portfolio. The wholesale provision reflected a generally favorable credit environment and stable credit quality trends. For a more detailed discussion of the credit portfolio and the allowance for credit losses, see the segment discussions for CCB on pages 20–33, CIB on pages 34–39 and CB on pages 40–42, and the Allowance for credit losses section on pages 66–68.

Noninterest expense
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Three months ended June 30,
 
Six months ended June 30,
(in millions)
2014
 
2013
 
Change
 
2014
 
2013
 
Change
Compensation expense
$
7,610

 
$
8,019

 
(5
)%
 
$
15,469

 
$
16,433

 
(6
)%
Noncompensation expense:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Occupancy
973

 
904

 
8

 
1,925

 
1,805

 
7

Technology, communications and equipment
1,433

 
1,361

 
5

 
2,844

 
2,693

 
6

Professional and outside services
1,932

 
1,901

 
2

 
3,718

 
3,635

 
2

Marketing
650

 
578

 
12

 
1,214

 
1,167

 
4

Other expense(a)(b)
2,701

 
2,951

 
(8
)
 
4,634

 
5,252

 
(12
)
Amortization of intangibles
132

 
152

 
(13
)
 
263

 
304

 
(13
)
Total noncompensation expense
7,821

 
7,847

 

 
14,598

 
14,856

 
(2
)
Total noninterest expense
$
15,431

 
$
15,866

 
(3
)%
 
$
30,067

 
$
31,289

 
(4
)%
(a)
Included firmwide legal expense of $669 million and $678 million for the three months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively, and $707 million and $1.0 billion for the six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively.
(b)
Included FDIC-related expense of $266 million and $392 million for the three months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively, and $559 million and $771 million for the six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

11


Total noninterest expense for the three months ended June 30, 2014, decreased by $435 million compared with the prior year. For the six months ended June 30, 2014, total noninterest expense decreased by $1.2 billion from the prior year. For both periods, the decrease was driven by lower compensation and other expense.
Compensation expense decreased compared with the three and six months ended June 30, 2013, predominantly driven by lower performance-based compensation expense in CIB, lower headcount-related expense in MB, and lower postretirement benefit costs. The decrease in compensation expense was partially offset by higher headcount related to the Firm’s investments in controls.
 
Noncompensation expense in the three and six months ended June 30, 2014, decreased compared with the prior year. The decrease from the three months of the prior year was largely due to lower other expense, in particular, lower FDIC-related assessments, and lower production and servicing-related expense in Mortgage Banking. For the six months ended June 30, 2014, the decrease from the prior year was largely due to the aforementioned items, as well as lower legal-related expense in Corporate/Private Equity, and lower foreclosed asset expense. The decrease in both periods was offset partially by investments in controls, and the costs related to business simplification initiatives in CIB. For a further discussion of legal expense, see Note 23.

Income tax expense
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions, except rate)
Three months ended June 30,
 
Six months ended June 30,
2014
 
2013
 
Change
 
2014
 
2013
 
Change
Income before income tax expense
$
8,331

 
$
9,298

 
(10
)%
 
$
15,838

 
$
18,380

 
(14
)%
Income tax expense
2,346

 
2,802

 
(16
)
 
4,579

 
5,355

 
(14
)
Effective tax rate
28.2
%
 
30.1
%
 
 
 
28.9
%
 
29.1
%
 


The decrease in the effective tax rate compared with the prior year was largely attributable to lower reported pre-tax income in combination with changes in the mix of income and expense items subject to U.S. federal, state and local taxes, and the impact of tax-exempt income and business tax credits. The current-year second quarter included tax benefits associated with the settlement of tax audits. In addition, for the six months ended June 30, 2014, the
 
decrease in the effective tax rate was partially offset by the write-down of deferred tax assets as a result of tax law changes enacted in New York State and lower tax benefits associated with prior year tax adjustments and the settlement of tax audits. For additional information on income taxes, see Critical Accounting Estimates Used by the Firm on pages 86–88.



 






12


CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS ANALYSIS
Selected Consolidated Balance Sheets data
 
(in millions)
Jun 30,
2014
 
Dec 31,
2013
Change
Assets
 
 
 
 
Cash and due from banks
$
27,523

 
$
39,771

(31
)%
Deposits with banks
393,909

 
316,051

25

Federal funds sold and securities purchased under resale agreements
248,149

 
248,116


Securities borrowed
113,967

 
111,465

2

Trading assets:
 
 
 
 
Debt and equity instruments
330,165

 
308,905

7

Derivative receivables
62,378

 
65,759

(5
)
Securities
361,918

 
354,003

2

Loans
746,983

 
738,418

1

Allowance for loan losses
15,326

 
16,264

(6
)
Loans, net of allowance for loan losses
731,657

 
722,154

1

Accrued interest and accounts receivable
77,096

 
65,160

18

Premises and equipment
15,216

 
14,891

2

Goodwill
48,110

 
48,081


Mortgage servicing rights
8,347

 
9,614

(13
)
Other intangible assets
1,339

 
1,618

(17
)
Other assets
100,562

 
110,101

(9
)
Total assets
$
2,520,336

 
$
2,415,689

4

Liabilities
 
 
 
 
Deposits
$
1,319,751

 
$
1,287,765

2

Federal funds purchased and securities loaned or sold under repurchase agreements
216,561

 
181,163

20

Commercial paper
63,804

 
57,848

10

Other borrowed funds
34,713

 
27,994

24

Trading liabilities:
 
 
 


Debt and equity instruments
87,861

 
80,430

9

Derivative payables
50,795

 
57,314

(11
)
Accounts payable and other liabilities
203,885

 
194,491

5

Beneficial interests issued by consolidated VIEs
45,723

 
49,617

(8
)
Long-term debt
269,929

 
267,889

1

Total liabilities
2,293,022

 
2,204,511

4

Stockholders’ equity
227,314

 
211,178

8

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
$
2,520,336

 
$
2,415,689

4
 %
Consolidated Balance Sheets overview
JPMorgan Chase’s total assets increased by $104.6 billion, and total liabilities increased by $88.5 billion from December 31, 2013.
The following is a discussion of the significant changes in the specific line item captions on the Consolidated Balance Sheets from December 31, 2013.
 
Cash and due from banks and deposits with banks
The net increase was attributable to a higher level of excess funds, which the Firm placed with various central banks, predominantly Federal Reserve Banks.
Trading assets and liabilitiesdebt and equity instruments
The increase in trading assets was related to client-driven market-making activities in CIB, which resulted in a higher level of debt securities, and to a lesser extent, equity securities.
The increase in trading liabilities was related to client-driven market-making activities in CIB, which resulted in a higher level of short positions in debt securities. For additional information, refer to Note 3.
Trading assets and liabilitiesderivative receivables and payables
The decrease in both receivables and payables was due to client-driven market-making activity in equity derivatives, and maturities of foreign exchange derivatives. For additional information, refer to Derivative contracts on pages 64–65, and Notes 3 and 5.
Securities
The increase was largely due to higher levels of U.S. mortgage-backed securities and obligations of U.S. states and municipalities, partially offset by a lower level of non-U.S. residential mortgage-backed securities. For additional information related to securities, refer to the discussion in the Corporate/Private Equity segment on pages 47–49, and Notes 3 and 11.
Loans and allowance for loan losses
The increase in loans was attributable to net originations of wholesale loans, which continued to experience a favorable credit environment and stable credit quality trend. The increase in wholesale loans was partially offset by lower consumer loans, predominantly reflecting seasonality in the credit card portfolio.
The decrease in allowance for loan losses was driven by a reduction in the consumer allowance, predominantly as a result of continued improvement in home prices and delinquency trends in the residential real estate portfolio, a reduction in the credit card asset-specific allowance due to increased granularity of impairment estimates for loans modified in troubled debt restructurings (“TDRs”), as well as run-off in the student loan portfolio. The wholesale allowance was relatively unchanged, reflecting a generally favorable credit environment and stable credit quality trend. For a more detailed discussion of the loan portfolio and the allowance for loan losses, refer to Credit Risk Management on pages 51–68, and Notes 3, 4, 13 and 14.


13


Accrued interest and accounts receivable
The increase was due to higher receivables from security sales that did not settle, and higher client receivables, reflecting client-driven market-making activity in CIB.
Mortgage servicing rights
The decrease was predominantly due to the impact of total changes in valuation due to inputs and assumptions. For additional information on MSRs, see Note 16.
Deposits
The increase was attributable to higher consumer and wholesale deposits. The increase in consumer deposits reflected a continuing positive growth trend, which was the result of strong customer retention, maturing of recent branch builds, and net new business. The increase in wholesale deposits was related to strong client deposit inflows toward the end of June 2014. For more information on consumer deposits, refer to the CCB segment discussion on pages 20–33; the Liquidity Risk Management discussion on pages 81–85; and Notes 3 and 17. For more information on wholesale client deposits, refer to the AM, CB and CIB segment discussions on pages 43–46, pages 40–42 and pages 34–39, respectively.
Federal funds purchased and securities loaned or sold under repurchase agreements
The increase in securities sold under repurchase agreements was predominantly due to higher financing of the Firm’s trading assets-debt and equity instruments as well as investment securities portfolio, and a change in the mix of the Firm’s funding sources. For additional information on the Firm’s Liquidity Risk Management, see pages 81–85.
Accounts payable and other liabilities
The increase was attributable to higher client short positions and higher payables from security purchases that did not settle, both in CIB; and higher payables to merchants pending settlement of sales transactions in Card. The increase was partially offset by a decline in other liabilities in Corporate, largely reflecting the settlement of previously disclosed legal and regulatory matters.
Stockholders’ equity
The increase was due to net income, preferred stock issuances, and higher accumulated other comprehensive income. The increase was partially offset by the declaration of cash dividends on common and preferred stock, and repurchases of common stock. For additional information on accumulated other comprehensive income, see Note 19; for the Firm’s capital actions, see Capital actions on pages 79-80.



14


OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS
JPMorgan Chase is involved with several types of off–balance sheet arrangements, including through nonconsolidated special-purpose entities (“SPEs”), which are a type of variable interest entity (“VIE”), and through lending-related financial instruments (e.g., commitments and guarantees). For further discussion, see Note 21 of this Form 10-Q and Off–Balance Sheet Arrangements and Contractual Cash Obligations on pages 77–79 and Note 29 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.
Special-purpose entities
The most common type of VIE is an SPE. SPEs are commonly used in securitization transactions in order to isolate certain assets and distribute the cash flows from those assets to investors. SPEs are an important part of the financial markets, including the mortgage- and asset-backed securities and commercial paper markets, as they provide market liquidity by facilitating investors’ access to specific portfolios of assets and risks. The Firm holds capital, as deemed appropriate, against all SPE-related transactions and related exposures, such as derivative transactions and lending-related commitments and guarantees. For further information on the types of SPEs, see Note 15 of this Form 10-Q, and Note 1 and Note 16 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.
Implications of a credit rating downgrade to JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.
For certain liquidity commitments to SPEs, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., could be required to provide funding if its short-term credit rating were downgraded below specific levels, primarily “P-1,” “A-1” and “F1” for Moody’s, Standard & Poor’s and Fitch, respectively. These liquidity commitments support the issuance of asset-backed commercial paper by Firm-administered consolidated SPEs. In the event of a short-term credit rating downgrade, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., absent other solutions, would be required to provide funding to the SPE, if the commercial paper could not be reissued as it matured. The aggregate amounts of commercial paper outstanding held by third parties as of June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, was $9.7 billion and $15.5 billion, respectively. The aggregate amounts of commercial paper outstanding could increase in future periods should clients of the Firm-administered consolidated SPEs draw down on certain unfunded lending-related commitments. These unfunded lending-related commitments were $9.2 billion at both June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013. The Firm could facilitate the refinancing of some of the clients’ assets in order to reduce the funding obligation.


 


Off–balance sheet lending-related financial instruments, guarantees, and other commitments
JPMorgan Chase provides lending-related financial instruments (e.g., commitments and guarantees) to meet the financing needs of its customers. The contractual amount of these financial instruments represents the maximum possible credit risk to the Firm should the counterparty draw upon the commitment or the Firm be required to fulfill its obligation under the guarantee, and should the counterparty subsequently fail to perform according to the terms of the contract. Most of these commitments and guarantees expire without being drawn or a default occurring. As a result, the total contractual amount of these instruments is not, in the Firm’s view, representative of its actual future credit exposure or funding requirements. For further discussion of lending-related financial instruments, guarantees and other commitments, and the Firm’s accounting for them, see Lending-related commitments on page 64 and Note 21 (including the table that presents the related amounts by contractual maturity as of June 30, 2014). For a discussion of loan repurchase liabilities, see Note 21.


15


CONSOLIDATED CASH FLOWS ANALYSIS
For a discussion of the activities affecting the Firm’s cash flows, see pages 80–81 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report and Balance Sheet Analysis of this Form 10-Q.
(in millions)
 
Six months ended June 30,
 
2014
 
2013
Net cash provided by/(used in)
 
 
 
 
Operating activities
 
$
10,296

 
$
88,484

Investing activities
 
(97,938
)
 
(142,245
)
Financing activities
 
75,436

 
30,108

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash
 
(42
)
 
(856
)
Net decrease in cash and due from banks
 
$
(12,248
)
 
$
(24,509
)
Operating activities
Operating assets and liabilities can vary significantly in the normal course of business due to the amount and timing of cash flows, which are affected by client-driven and risk management activities, and market conditions. The Firm believes cash flows from operations, available cash balances and its ability to generate cash through short- and long-term borrowings are sufficient to fund the Firm’s operating liquidity needs.
Cash provided by operating activities predominantly resulted from net income after noncash operating adjustments; a decrease in other assets driven by lower cash margin balances placed with exchanges and clearing houses; and higher net proceeds from loan sales activities. Cash provided during 2013 predominantly resulted from lower trading assets from client-driven market-making activities in CIB, and an increase in accounts payable and other liabilities predominantly due to higher brokerage payables; partially offset by an increase in accounts receivables due to higher brokerage receivables and margin loan balances from client-driven activities predominantly in CIB; and the timing of merchant receivables payments related to CCB’s Card Services business.
 
Investing activities
Cash used in investing activities during 2014 and 2013 predominantly resulted from increases in deposits with banks reflecting the placement of the Firm’s excess funds with various central banks, predominantly Federal Reserve banks; and, in 2014, net purchases of investment securities. Additionally in 2014, loans increased due to net originations of wholesale loans, which continued to experience a generally favorable credit environment and stable credit quality trends. Partially offsetting cash outflows in 2013 was a decline in securities purchased under resale agreements due to a shift in the deployment of the Firm’s excess cash by Treasury; and a decline in available-for-sale (“AFS”) securities from proceeds of net maturities and sales.
Financing activities
Cash provided by financing activities in 2014 predominantly resulted from higher consumer and wholesale deposits — the increase in consumer deposits reflected a continuing positive growth trend, which was the result of strong customer retention, maturing of recent branch builds, and net new business; an increase in securities loaned or sold under repurchase agreements due to higher financing of the Firm’s trading assets-debt and equity instruments as well as investment securities portfolio, and a change in the mix of the Firm’s funding sources; and proceeds from preferred stock issuances. Further, issuances of long-term borrowings were offset by maturities and redemptions. Cash provided in 2013 was predominantly driven by net proceeds from long-term borrowings; an increase in securities loaned or sold under repurchase agreements predominantly due to higher secured financing of the Firm’s assets and higher client financing activity; and proceeds from the issuance of preferred stock. Partially offsetting these cash inflows in 2014 and 2013 were repurchases of common stock and payments of dividends on common and preferred stock.



16


EXPLANATION AND RECONCILIATION OF THE FIRM’S USE OF NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES
The Firm prepares its Consolidated Financial Statements using accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. (“U.S. GAAP”); these financial statements appear on pages 90–94. That presentation, which is referred to as “reported” basis, provides the reader with an understanding of the Firm’s results that can be tracked consistently from year-to-year and enables a comparison of the Firm’s performance with other companies’ U.S. GAAP financial statements.
In addition to analyzing the Firm’s results on a reported basis, management reviews the Firm’s results and the results of the lines of business on a “managed” basis, which is a non-GAAP financial measure. The Firm’s definition of managed basis starts with the reported U.S. GAAP results and includes certain reclassifications to present total net revenue for the Firm (and each of the business segments) on a FTE basis. Accordingly, revenue from investments that receive tax credits and tax-exempt securities is presented in
 
the managed results on a basis comparable to taxable investments and securities. This non-GAAP financial measure allows management to assess the comparability of revenue arising from both taxable and tax-exempt sources. The corresponding income tax impact related to tax-exempt items is recorded within income tax expense. These adjustments have no impact on net income as reported by the Firm as a whole or by the lines of business.
Management also uses certain non-GAAP financial measures at the business-segment level, because it believes these other non-GAAP financial measures provide information to investors about the underlying operational performance and trends of the particular business segment and, therefore, facilitate a comparison of the business segment with the performance of its competitors. Non-GAAP financial measures used by the Firm may not be comparable to similarly named non-GAAP financial measures used by other companies.


The following summary table provides a reconciliation from the Firm’s reported U.S. GAAP results to managed basis.
 
Three months ended June 30,
 
2014
 
2013
(in millions, except ratios)
Reported
results
 
Fully taxable-equivalent adjustments(a)
 
Managed
basis
 
Reported
results
 
Fully taxable-equivalent adjustments(a)
 
Managed
basis
Other income
$
675

 
$
651

 
$
1,326

 
$
226

 
$
582

 
$
808

Total noninterest revenue
13,656

 
651

 
14,307

 
14,507

 
582

 
15,089

Net interest income
10,798

 
244

 
11,042

 
10,704

 
165

 
10,869

Total net revenue
24,454

 
895

 
25,349

 
25,211

 
747

 
25,958

Pre-provision profit/(loss)
9,023

 
895

 
9,918

 
9,345

 
747

 
10,092

Income before income tax expense
8,331

 
895

 
9,226

 
9,298

 
747

 
10,045

Income tax expense
$
2,346

 
$
895

 
$
3,241

 
$
2,802

 
$
747

 
$
3,549

Overhead ratio
63
%
 
NM

 
61
%
 
63
%
 
NM

 
61
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Six months ended June 30,
 
2014
 
2013
(in millions, except ratios)
Reported
results
 
Fully taxable-equivalent adjustments(a)
 
Managed
basis
 
Reported
results
 
Fully taxable-equivalent adjustments(a)
 
Managed
basis
Other income
$
1,066

 
$
1,295

 
$
2,361

 
$
762

 
$
1,146

 
$
1,908

Total noninterest revenue
25,982

 
1,295

 
27,277

 
28,696

 
1,146

 
29,842

Net interest income
21,465

 
470

 
21,935

 
21,637

 
327

 
21,964

Total net revenue
47,447

 
1,765

 
49,212

 
50,333

 
1,473

 
51,806

Pre-provision profit
17,380

 
1,765

 
19,145

 
19,044

 
1,473

 
20,517

Income before income tax expense
15,838

 
1,765

 
17,603

 
18,380

 
1,473

 
19,853

Income tax expense
$
4,579

 
$
1,765

 
$
6,344

 
$
5,355

 
$
1,473

 
$
6,828

Overhead ratio
63
%
 
NM

 
61
%
 
62
%
 
NM

 
60
%
(a)
Predominantly recognized in CIB and CB business segments and Corporate/Private Equity.
Tangible common equity (“TCE”), ROTCE and TBVPS are each non-GAAP financial measures. TCE represents the Firm’s common stockholders’ equity (i.e., total stockholders’ equity less preferred stock) less goodwill and identifiable intangible assets (other than MSRs), net of related deferred tax liabilities. ROTCE measures the Firm’s earnings as a
 
percentage of average TCE. TBVPS represents the Firm’s tangible common equity divided by period-end common shares. TCE, ROTCE, and TBVPS are meaningful to the Firm, as well as investors and analysts, in assessing the Firm’s use of equity.



17


Average tangible common equity
(in millions, except per share and ratio data)
Three months ended June 30,
 
Six months ended June 30,
2014
 
2013
 
2014
 
2013
Common stockholders’ equity
$
206,159

 
$
197,283

 
$
203,989

 
$
196,016

Less: Goodwill
48,084

 
48,078

 
48,069

 
48,123

Less: Certain identifiable intangible assets
1,416

 
2,026

 
1,482

 
2,093

Add: Deferred tax liabilities(a)
2,952

 
2,869

 
2,948

 
2,849

Tangible common equity
$
159,611

 
$
150,048

 
$
157,386

 
$
148,649

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Return on tangible common equity
14
%
 
17
%
 
14
%
 
17
%
Tangible book value per share
$
43.17

 
$
39.97

 
$
43.17

 
$
39.97


(a)
Represents deferred tax liabilities related to tax-deductible goodwill and to identifiable intangibles created in non-taxable transactions, which are netted against goodwill and other intangibles when calculating TCE.
Additionally, certain capital ratios disclosed by the Firm are non-GAAP measures. For additional information on these non-GAAP measures, see Regulatory capital on pages 74–78.
Core net interest income
In addition to reviewing net interest income on a managed basis, management also reviews core net interest income to assess the performance of its core lending, investing (including asset-liability management) and deposit-raising activities. Core net interest income excludes the impact of
 
CIB’s market-based activities. Because of the exclusion of CIB’s market-based net interest income and the related assets, the core data presented below are non-GAAP financial measures. Management believes this data provides investors and analysts a more meaningful measure by which to analyze the non-market-related business trends of the Firm and provides a comparable measure to other financial institutions that are primarily focused on core lending, investing and deposit-raising activities.

Core net interest income data(a)
 
Three months ended June 30,
 
Six months ended June 30,
(in millions, except rates)
2014
2013
 
Change
 
2014
2013
 
Change
Net interest income – managed basis(b)(c)
$
11,042

$
10,869

 
2
%
 
$
21,935

$
21,964

 

Less: Market-based net interest income
1,030

1,345

 
(23
)
 
2,086

2,777

 
(25
)
Core net interest income(b)
$
10,012

$
9,524

 
5

 
$
19,849

$
19,187

 
3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Average interest-earning assets
$
2,023,945

$
1,980,466

 
2

 
$
2,014,846

$
1,938,508

 
4

Less: Average market-based earning assets
502,413

512,631

 
(2
)
 
504,942

510,796

 
(1
)
Core average interest-earning assets
$
1,521,532

$
1,467,835

 
4
%
 
$
1,509,904

$
1,427,712

 
6
%
Net interest yield on interest-earning assets – managed basis
2.19
%
2.20
%
 
 
 
2.20
%
2.28
%
 
 
Net interest yield on market-based activities
0.82

1.05

 
 
 
0.83

1.10

 
 
Core net interest yield on core average interest-earning assets
2.64
%
2.60
%
 
 
 
2.65
%
2.71
%
 
 
(a)
Includes core lending, investing and deposit-raising activities on a managed basis across each of the business segments and Corporate/Private Equity; excludes the market-based activities within the CIB.
(b)
Interest includes the effect of related hedging derivatives. Taxable-equivalent amounts are used where applicable.
(c)
For a reconciliation of net interest income on a reported and managed basis, see reconciliation from the Firm’s reported U.S. GAAP results to managed basis on page 17.
Quarterly and year-to-date results
Core net interest income increased by $488 million to $10.0 billion and by $662 million to $19.8 billion for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014, respectively, compared with the prior year periods. Core average interest-earning assets increased by $53.7 billion to $1.5 trillion, and by $82.2 billion to $1.5 trillion for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014, respectively, compared with the prior year periods. The increase in net interest income primarily reflected the impact of higher yields on securities, lower yields on long-term debt and
 
deposits, partially offset by lower yields on loans due to run-off of higher yielding loans and originations of lower yielding loans. The increase in average interest-earning assets primarily reflected the impact of higher average balance of deposits with banks. These changes in net interest income and interest-earning assets resulted in the core net interest yield increasing by 4 basis points to 2.64% for the three months ended June 30, 2014, and decreasing by 6 basis points to 2.65% for the six months ended June 30, 2014.



18


BUSINESS SEGMENT RESULTS
The Firm is managed on a line of business basis. There are four major reportable business segments – Consumer & Community Banking, Corporate & Investment Bank, Commercial Banking and Asset Management. In addition, there is a Corporate/Private Equity segment.
The business segments are determined based on the products and services provided, or the type of customer served, and they reflect the manner in which financial information is currently evaluated by management. Results of these lines of business are presented on a managed basis. For a definition of managed basis, see Explanation and Reconciliation of the Firm’s use of non-GAAP financial measures, on pages 17–18.
Description of business segment reporting methodology
Results of the business segments are intended to reflect each segment as if it were essentially a stand-alone business. The management reporting process that derives business segment results allocates income and expense using market-based methodologies. The Firm continues to
 
assess the assumptions, methodologies and reporting classifications used for segment reporting, and further refinements may be implemented in future periods.
For a further discussion of those methodologies, see Business Segment Results – Description of business segment reporting methodology on pages 84–85 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.
Business segment capital allocation changes
Each business segment is allocated capital by taking into consideration stand-alone peer comparisons, regulatory capital requirements (as estimated under Basel III Advanced Fully Phased-In) and economic risk measures. The amount of capital assigned to each business is referred to as equity. Effective January 1, 2014, the Firm revised the capital allocated to certain businesses. For further information about these capital changes, see Line of business equity on page 79.



Segment Results – Managed Basis
The following table summarizes the business segment results for the periods indicated.
Three months ended June 30,
Total net revenue
 
Total Noninterest expense
 
Pre-provision profit/(loss)
(in millions)
2014
2013
Change

 
2014
2013
Change
 
2014
2013
Change
Consumer & Community Banking
$
11,431

$
12,015

(5
)%
 
$
6,456

$
6,864

(6
)%
 
$
4,975

$
5,151

(3
)%
Corporate & Investment Bank
8,991

9,876

(9
)
 
6,058

5,742

6

 
2,933

4,134

(29
)
Commercial Banking
1,701

1,728

(2
)
 
675

652

4

 
1,026

1,076

(5
)
Asset Management
2,956

2,725

8

 
2,062

1,892

9

 
894

833

7

Corporate/Private Equity
270

(386
)
NM

 
180

716

(75
)
 
90

(1,102
)
NM

Total
$
25,349

$
25,958

(2
)%
 
$
15,431

$
15,866

(3
)%
 
$
9,918

$
10,092

(2
)%
Three months ended June 30,
Provision for credit losses
 
Net income/(loss)
 
Return on common equity
(in millions, except ratios)
2014
2013
Change
 
2014
2013
Change
 
2014
2013
Consumer & Community Banking
$
852

$
(19
)
NM

 
$
2,443

$
3,089

(21
)%
 
19
%
27
%
Corporate & Investment Bank
(84
)
(6
)
NM

 
1,963

2,838

(31
)
 
13

20

Commercial Banking
(67
)
44

NM

 
658

621

6

 
19

18

Asset Management
1

23

(96
)%
 
552

500

10

 
25

22

Corporate/Private Equity 
(10
)
5

NM

 
369

(552
)
NM

 
NM

NM

Total
$
692

$
47

NM

 
$
5,985

$
6,496

(8
)%
 
11
%
13
%
Six months ended June 30,
Total net revenue
 
Total Noninterest expense
 
Pre-provision profit/(loss)
(in millions)
2014
2013
Change

 
2014
2013
Change
 
2014
2013
Change
Consumer & Community Banking
$
21,891

$
23,630

(7
)%
 
$
12,893

$
13,654

(6
)%
 
$
8,998

$
9,976

(10
)%
Corporate & Investment Bank
17,597

20,016

(12
)
 
11,662

11,853

(2
)
 
5,935

8,163

(27
)
Commercial Banking
3,352

3,401

(1
)
 
1,361

1,296

5

 
1,991

2,105

(5
)
Asset Management
5,734

5,378

7

 
4,137

3,768

10

 
1,597

1,610

(1
)
Corporate/Private Equity
638

(619
)
NM 

 
14

718

(98
)
 
624

(1,337
)
NM 

Total
$
49,212

$
51,806

(5
)%
 
$
30,067

$
31,289

(4
)%
 
$
19,145

$
20,517

(7
)%
Six months ended June 30,
Provision for credit losses
 
Net income/(loss)
 
Return on common equity
(in millions, except ratios)
2014
2013
Change
 
2014
2013
Change
 
2014
2013
Consumer & Community Banking
$
1,668

$
530

215
%
 
$
4,379

$
5,675

(23
)%
 
17
%
25
%
Corporate & Investment Bank
(35
)
5

NM 

 
3,942

5,448

(28
)
 
13

19

Commercial Banking
(62
)
83

NM 

 
1,236

1,217

2

 
18

18

Asset Management
(8
)
44

NM 

 
993

987

1

 
22

22

Corporate/Private Equity
(21
)
2

NM 

 
709

(302
)
NM 

 
NM

NM

Total
$
1,542

$
664

132
%
 
$
11,259

$
13,025

(14
)%
 
11
%
13
%

19



CONSUMER & COMMUNITY BANKING
For a discussion of the business profile of CCB, see pages 86–97 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report and the Introduction on page 4 of this Form 10-Q.
Selected income statement data
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Three months ended June 30,
 
Six months ended June 30,
(in millions, except ratios)
2014
 
2013
 
Change
 
2014
 
2013
 
 
Change
Revenue
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Lending- and deposit-related fees
$
750

 
$
727

 
3
%
 
$
1,453

 
$
1,450

 
 

Asset management, administration and commissions
521

 
561

 
(7
)
 
1,024

 
1,094

 
 
(6
)
Mortgage fees and related income
1,290

 
1,819

 
(29
)
 
1,804

 
3,269

 
 
(45
)
Card income
1,486

 
1,445

 
3

 
2,834

 
2,807

 
 
1

All other income
421

 
369

 
14

 
787

 
707

 
 
11

Noninterest revenue
4,468

 
4,921

 
(9
)
 
7,902

 
9,327

 
 
(15
)
Net interest income
6,963

 
7,094

 
(2
)
 
13,989

 
14,303

 
 
(2
)
Total net revenue
11,431

 
12,015

 
(5
)
 
21,891

 
23,630

 
 
(7
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Provision for credit losses
852

 
(19
)
 
NM

 
1,668

 
530

 
 
215

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Noninterest expense
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Compensation expense
2,637

 
2,966

 
(11
)
 
5,376

 
5,972

 
 
(10
)
Noncompensation expense
3,725

 
3,789

 
(2
)
 
7,329

 
7,465

 
 
(2
)
Amortization of intangibles
94

 
109

 
(14
)
 
188

 
217

 
 
(13
)
Total noninterest expense
6,456

 
6,864

 
(6
)
 
12,893

 
13,654

 
 
(6
)
Income before income tax expense
4,123

 
5,170

 
(20
)
 
7,330

 
9,446

 
 
(22
)
Income tax expense
1,680

 
2,081

 
(19
)
 
2,951

 
3,771

 
 
(22
)
Net income
$
2,443

 
$
3,089

 
(21
)%
 
$
4,379

 
$
5,675

 
 
(23
)%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Financial ratios
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Return on common equity
19
%
 
27
%
 
 
 
17
%
 
25
%
 
 
 
Overhead ratio
56

 
57

 
 
 
59

 
58

 
 
 
Quarterly results
Consumer & Community Banking net income was $2.4 billion, a decrease of $646 million, or 21%, compared with the prior year, due to higher provision for credit losses and lower net revenue, partially offset by lower noninterest expense.
Net revenue was $11.4 billion, a decrease of $584 million, or 5%, compared with the prior year. Net interest income was $7.0 billion, down $131 million, or 2%, driven by spread compression and lower mortgage warehouse balances, largely offset by higher deposit balances. Noninterest revenue was $4.5 billion, a decrease of $453 million, or 9%, driven by lower mortgage fees and related income.
The provision for credit losses was $852 million, compared with a benefit of $19 million in the prior year. The current-quarter provision reflected a $357 million reduction in the allowance for loan losses and total net charge-offs of $1.2 billion. The prior-year provision reflected a $1.5 billion reduction in the allowance for loan losses and total net charge-offs of $1.5 billion. For more information, including net charge-off amounts and rates, see Consumer Credit Portfolio on pages 52–59.
 
Noninterest expense was $6.5 billion, a decrease of $408 million, or 6%, from the prior year, driven by lower Mortgage Banking expense, partially offset by higher Credit Card expense.
Year-to-date results
Consumer & Community Banking net income was $4.4 billion, a decrease of $1.3 billion, or 23%, compared with the prior year, due to lower net revenue and higher provision for credit losses, partially offset by lower noninterest expense.
Net revenue was $21.9 billion, a decrease of $1.7 billion, or 7%, compared with the prior year. Net interest income was $14.0 billion, down $314 million, or 2%, driven by spread compression in Credit Card, Auto and Consumer & Business Banking and by lower mortgage warehouse balances, largely offset by higher deposit balances. Noninterest revenue was $7.9 billion, a decrease of $1.4 billion, or 15%, driven by lower mortgage fees and related income.
The provision for credit losses was $1.7 billion, compared with $530 million in the prior year. The current-year provision reflected a $807 million reduction in the allowance for loan losses and total net charge-offs of $2.5 billion. The prior-year provision reflected a $2.7 billion


20



reduction in the allowance for loan losses and total net charge-offs of $3.2 billion. For more information, including net charge-off amounts and rates, see Consumer Credit Portfolio on pages 52–59.
 
Noninterest expense was $12.9 billion, a decrease of $761 million, or 6%, from the prior year, driven by lower Mortgage Banking expense, partially offset by higher Credit Card expense.

Selected metrics
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
As of or for the three months
ended June 30,
 
As of or for the six months
ended June 30,
(in millions, except headcount)
2014
 
2013
 
Change
 
2014
 
2013
 
Change
Selected balance sheet data (period-end)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total assets
$
447,277

 
$
460,642

 
(3
)%
 
$
447,277

 
$
460,642

 
(3
)%
Loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loans retained
390,211

 
392,067

 

 
390,211

 
392,067

 

Loans held-for-sale and loans at fair value(a)
8,881

 
15,274

 
(42
)
 
8,881

 
15,274

 
(42
)
Total loans
399,092

 
407,341

 
(2
)
 
399,092

 
407,341

 
(2
)
Deposits
488,681

 
456,814

 
7

 
488,681

 
456,814

 
7

Equity(b)
51,000

 
46,000

 
11

 
51,000

 
46,000

 
11

Selected balance sheet data (average)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total assets
$
443,204

 
$
457,644

 
(3
)
 
$
446,794

 
$
460,569

 
(3
)
Loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loans retained
388,252

 
392,935

 
(1
)
 
388,464

 
395,014

 
(2
)
Loans held-for-sale and loans at fair value(a)
7,303

 
18,199

 
(60
)
 
7,700

 
19,682

 
(61
)
Total loans
395,555

 
411,134

 
(4
)
 
396,164

 
414,696

 
(4
)
Deposits
486,064

 
453,586

 
7

 
478,862

 
447,494

 
7

Equity(b)
51,000

 
46,000

 
11

 
51,000

 
46,000

 
11

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Headcount
141,688

 
157,886

 
(10
)%
 
141,688

 
157,886

 
(10
)%
(a)
Predominantly consists of prime mortgages originated with the intent to sell that are accounted for at fair value and classified as trading assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
(b)
2014 includes $3.0 billion of capital held at the CCB level related to legacy mortgage servicing matters.

21



Selected metrics
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
As of or for the three months
ended June 30,
 
As of or for the six months
ended June 30,
(in millions, except ratios and where otherwise noted)
2014
 
2013
 
Change
 
2014
 
2013
 
Change
Credit data and quality statistics
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net charge-offs(a)
$
1,208

 
$
1,481

 
(18
)%
 
$
2,474

 
$
3,180

 
(22
)%
Nonaccrual loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Nonaccrual loans retained
6,840

 
8,540

 
(20
)
 
6,840

 
8,540

 
(20
)
Nonaccrual loans held-for-sale and loans at fair value
202

 
41

 
393

 
202

 
41

 
393

Total nonaccrual loans(b)(c)(d)
7,042

 
8,581

 
(18
)
 
7,042

 
8,581

 
(18
)
Nonperforming assets(b)(c)(d)
7,594

 
9,212

 
(18
)
 
7,594

 
9,212

 
(18
)
Allowance for loan losses(a)
11,284

 
15,095

 
(25
)
 
11,284

 
15,095

 
(25
)
Net charge-off rate(a)(e)
1.25
%
 
1.51
%
 
 
 
1.28
%
 
1.62
%
 
 
Net charge-off rate, excluding PCI loans(e)
1.44

 
1.77

 
 
 
1.48

 
1.90

 
 
Allowance for loan losses to period-end loans retained
2.89

 
3.85

 
 
 
2.89

 
3.85

 
 
Allowance for loan losses to period-end loans retained, excluding PCI loans(f)
2.22

 
2.80

 
 
 
2.22

 
2.80

 
 
Allowance for loan losses to nonaccrual loans retained, excluding credit card(b)(f)
58

 
58

 
 
 
58

 
58

 
 
Nonaccrual loans to total period-end loans, excluding credit card
2.58

 
3.03

 
 
 
2.58

 
3.03

 
 
Nonaccrual loans to total period-end loans, excluding credit card and PCI loans(b)
3.16

 
3.79

 
 
 
3.16

 
3.79

 
 
Business metrics
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Number of:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Branches
5,636

 
5,657

 

 
5,636

 
5,657

 

ATMs(g)
20,394

 
19,852

 
3

 
20,394

 
19,852

 
3

Active online customers (in thousands)
35,105

 
32,245

 
9

 
35,105

 
32,245

 
9

Active mobile customers (in thousands)
17,201

 
14,013

 
23
%
 
17,201

 
14,013

 
23
%
(a)
Net charge-offs and the net charge-off rates excluded $48 million and $109 million of write-offs in the PCI portfolio for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014, respectively. These write-offs decreased the allowance for loan losses for PCI loans. For further information, see Consumer Credit Portfolio on pages 120–129 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.
(b)
Excludes PCI loans. The Firm is recognizing interest income on each pool of PCI loans as they are all performing.
(c)
Certain mortgage loans originated with the intent to sell are classified as trading assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
(d)
At June 30, 2014 and 2013, nonperforming assets excluded: (1) mortgage loans insured by U.S. government agencies of $8.1 billion and $10.1 billion, respectively, that are 90 or more days past due; (2) real estate owned insured by U.S. government agencies of $2.1 billion and $1.8 billion, respectively; and (3) student loans insured by U.S. government agencies under the Federal Family Education Loan Program (“FFELP”) of $316 million and $488 million, respectively, that are 90 or more days past due. These amounts have been excluded from nonaccrual loans based upon the government guarantee.
(e)
Loans held-for-sale and loans accounted for at fair value were excluded when calculating the net charge-off rate.
(f)
The allowance for loan losses for PCI loans was $3.7 billion and $5.7 billion at June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively; these amounts were also excluded from the applicable ratios.
(g)
Includes Express Banking Kiosks (“EBK”). Prior periods were revised to conform with the current presentation.

22



Consumer & Business Banking


Selected financial statement data
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
As of or for the three months
ended June 30,
 
As of or for the six months
ended June 30,
(in millions, except ratios)
2014
 
2013
 
Change
 
2014
 
2013
 
Change
Revenue
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Lending- and deposit-related fees
$
747

 
$
717

 
4
%
 
$
1,438

 
$
1,428

 
1
%
Asset management, administration and commissions
507

 
454

 
12

 
990

 
880

 
13

Card income
406

 
378

 
7

 
782

 
727

 
8

All other income
162

 
124

 
31

 
284

 
243

 
17

Noninterest revenue
1,822

 
1,673

 
9

 
3,494

 
3,278

 
7

Net interest income
2,770

 
2,614

 
6

 
5,478

 
5,186

 
6

Total net revenue
4,592

 
4,287

 
7

 
8,972

 
8,464

 
6

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Provision for credit losses
66

 
74

 
(11
)
 
142

 
135

 
5

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Noninterest expense
3,026

 
3,042

 
(1
)
 
6,091

 
6,083

 

Income before income tax expense
1,500

 
1,171

 
28

 
2,739

 
2,246

 
22

Net income
$
894

 
$
698

 
28

 
$
1,634

 
$
1,339

 
22

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Return on common equity
33
%
 
25
%
 
 
 
30%

 
25
%
 
 
Overhead ratio
66

 
71

 
 
 
68

 
72

 
 
Equity (period-end and average)
$
11,000

 
$
11,000

 
%
 
$
11,000

 
$
11,000

 


Quarterly results
Consumer & Business Banking net income was $894 million, an increase of $196 million, or 28%, compared with the prior year, predominantly due to higher net revenue.
Net revenue was $4.6 billion, up 7% compared with the prior year. Net interest income was $2.8 billion, up 6% compared with the prior year, driven by higher deposit balances, partially offset by deposit spread compression. Noninterest revenue was $1.8 billion, an increase of 9%, driven by higher investment revenue, reflecting record client investment assets, higher deposit-related fees and debit card revenue.
Noninterest expense was $3.0 billion, approximately flat from the prior year, driven by investments in controls, partially offset by efficiency gains in the branches.
 
Year-to-date results
Consumer & Business Banking net income was $1.6 billion, an increase of $295 million, or 22%, compared with the prior year, due to higher net revenue, partially offset by higher noninterest expense and higher provision for credit losses.
Net revenue was $9.0 billion, up 6% compared with the prior year. Net interest income was $5.5 billion, up 6% compared with the prior year, driven by higher deposit balances, partially offset by deposit spread compression. Noninterest revenue was $3.5 billion, an increase of 7%, driven by higher investment revenue, reflecting record client investment assets and higher debit card revenue.
Noninterest expense was $6.1 billion, an increase of $8 million from prior year, driven by investments in controls, predominantly offset by efficiency gains in the branches and lower professional fees.


23



Selected metrics
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
As of or for the three months
ended June 30,
 
As of or for the six months
ended June 30,
(in millions, except ratios and where otherwise noted)
2014
 
2013
 
Change
 
2014
 
2013
 
Change
Business metrics
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Business banking origination volume
$
1,917

 
$
1,317

 
46
%
 
$
3,421

 
$
2,551

 
34
%
Period-end loans
20,276

 
18,950

 
7

 
20,276

 
18,950

 
7

Period-end deposits:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Checking
200,560

 
179,801

 
12

 
200,560

 
179,801

 
12

Savings
249,175

 
228,879

 
9

 
249,175

 
228,879

 
9

Time and other
24,421

 
29,255

 
(17
)
 
24,421

 
29,255

 
(17
)
Total period-end deposits
474,156

 
437,935

 
8

 
474,156

 
437,935

 
8

Average loans
19,928

 
18,758

 
6

 
19,691

 
18,734

 
5

Average deposits:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Checking
197,490

 
175,496

 
13

 
193,511

 
172,115

 
12

Savings
249,240

 
227,453

 
10

 
246,386

 
224,440

 
10

Time and other
24,832

 
29,840

 
(17
)
 
25,153

 
30,432

 
(17
)
Total average deposits
471,562

 
432,789

 
9

 
465,050

 
426,987

 
9

Deposit margin
2.23
%
 
2.31
%
 
 
 
2.25
%
 
2.34
%
 
 
Average assets
$
37,810

 
$
37,250

 
2

 
$
37,964

 
$
36,779

 
3

Credit data and quality statistics
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net charge-offs
$
69

 
$
74

 
(7
)
 
$
145

 
$
135

 
7

Net charge-off rate
1.39
%
 
1.58
%
 
 
 
1.48
%
 
1.45
%
 
 
Allowance for loan losses
$
703

 
$
697

 
1

 
$
703

 
$
697

 
1

Nonperforming assets
335

 
461

 
(27
)
 
335

 
461

 
(27
)
Retail branch business metrics
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net new investment assets
$
4,324

 
$
4,269

 
1

 
$
8,565

 
$
9,201

 
(7
)
Client investment assets
205,206

 
171,925

 
19

 
205,206

 
171,925

 
19

% managed accounts
38
%
 
33
%
 
 
 
38
%
 
33
%
 
 
Number of:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Chase Private Client locations
2,408

 
1,691

 
42

 
2,408

 
1,691

 
42

Personal bankers
21,728

 
22,825

 
(5
)
 
21,728

 
22,825

 
(5
)
Sales specialists
4,405

 
6,326

 
(30
)
 
4,405

 
6,326

 
(30
)
Client advisors
3,075

 
3,024

 
2

 
3,075

 
3,024

 
2

Chase Private Clients
262,965

 
165,331

 
59

 
262,965

 
165,331

 
59

Accounts (in thousands)(a)
30,144

 
28,937

 
4

 
30,144

 
28,937

 
4

Households (in millions)
25.5

 
24.7

 
3
%
 
25.5

 
24.7

 
3
%
(a)
Includes checking accounts and Chase Liquid® cards.



24


Mortgage Banking
Selected financial statement data
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
As of or for the three months
ended June 30,
 
As of or for the six months
ended June 30,
(in millions, except ratios)
2014
 
2013
 
Change
 
2014
 
2013
 
Change
Revenue
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mortgage fees and related income
$
1,290

 
$
1,819

 
(29
)%
 
$
1,804

 
$
3,269

 
(45
)%
All other income
(17
)
 
101

 
NM

 
(20
)
 
194

 
NM 
Noninterest revenue
1,273

 
1,920

 
(34
)
 
1,784

 
3,463

 
(48
)
Net interest income
1,013

 
1,138

 
(11
)
 
2,071

 
2,313

 
(10
)
Total net revenue
2,286

 
3,058

 
(25
)
 
3,855

 
5,776

 
(33
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Provision for credit losses
(188
)
 
(657
)
 
71

 
(211
)
 
(855
)
 
75

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Noninterest expense
1,306

 
1,834

 
(29
)
 
2,709

 
3,640

 
(26
)
Income before income tax expense
1,168

 
1,881

 
(38
)
 
1,357

 
2,991

 
(55
)
Net income
$
709

 
$
1,142

 
(38
)
 
$
823

 
$
1,815

 
(55
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Return on common equity
16
%
 
23
%
 
 
 
9
%
 
19
%
 
 
Overhead ratio
57
   
 
60
   
 
 
 
70
   
 
63
   
 
 
Equity (period-end and average)
$
18,000

 
$
19,500

 
(8
)%
 
$
18,000

 
$
19,500

 
(8
)%
Quarterly results
Mortgage Banking net income was $709 million, a decrease of $433 million from the prior year, driven by lower net revenue and a lower benefit from the provision for credit losses, partially offset by lower noninterest expense.
Net revenue was $2.3 billion, a decrease of $772 million compared with the prior year. Net interest income was $1.0 billion, a decrease of $125 million, or 11%, driven by lower warehouse loans balances as well as lower loan balances due to portfolio runoff. Noninterest revenue was $1.3 billion, a decrease of $647 million, driven by lower mortgage fees and related income.
The provision for credit losses was a benefit of $188 million, compared with a benefit of $657 million in the prior year. The current quarter reflected a $300 million reduction in the purchased credit-impaired allowance for loan losses, reflecting continued improvement in home prices and delinquencies. The prior year included a $950 million reduction in the non credit-impaired allowance for loan losses. Net charge-offs were $112 million, compared with $293 million in the prior year.
Noninterest expense was $1.3 billion, a decrease of $528 million, or 29%, from the prior year, due to lower expense in production and servicing.
 
Year-to-date results
Mortgage Banking net income was $823 million, a decrease of $992 million from the prior year, driven by lower net revenue and lower benefit from the provision for credit losses, partially offset by lower noninterest expense.
Net revenue was $3.9 billion, a decrease of $1.9 billion compared with the prior year. Net interest income was $2.1 billion, a decrease of $242 million, or 10%, driven by lower warehouse loans balances as well as lower loan balances, partially offset by higher yield on Ginnie Mae loans. Noninterest revenue was $1.8 billion, a decrease of $1.7 billion, driven by lower mortgage fees and related income.
The provision for credit losses was a benefit of $211 million, compared with a benefit of $855 million in the prior year. The current year reflected a $500 million reduction in the allowance for loan losses, reflecting continued improvement in home prices and delinquencies. The prior year included a $1.6 billion reduction in the allowance for loan losses. Net charge-offs were $289 million, compared with $745 million in the prior year.
Noninterest expense was $2.7 billion, a decrease of $931 million, or 26%, from the prior year, due to lower expense in production and servicing.


25


Functional results
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Three months ended June 30,
 
Six months ended June 30,
(in millions, except ratios)
2014
 
2013
 
Change
 
2014
 
2013
 
Change
Mortgage Production
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Production revenue and other income(a)
$
251

 
$
1,120

 
(78
)%
 
$
453

 
$
2,152

 
(79
)%
Production-related net interest income(a)
88

 
166

 
(47
)
 
178

 
352

 
(49
)
Production-related revenue, excluding repurchase (losses)/benefits
339

 
1,286

 
(74
)
 
631

 
2,504

 
(75
)
Production expense(b)
413

 
720

 
(43
)
 
891

 
1,430

 
(38
)
Income, excluding repurchase (losses)/benefits
(74
)
 
566

 
NM

 
(260
)
 
1,074

 
NM 

Repurchase (losses)/benefits
137

 
16

 
NM

 
265

 
(65
)
 
NM 

Income before income tax expense
63

 
582

 
(89
)
 
5

 
1,009

 
(100
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mortgage Servicing
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loan servicing revenue and other income(a)
864

 
1,024

 
(16
)
 
1,735

 
2,033

 
(15
)
Servicing-related net interest income(a)
66

 
31

 
113

 
153

 
58

 
164

Servicing-related revenue
930

 
1,055

 
(12
)
 
1,888

 
2,091

 
(10
)
Changes in MSR asset fair value due to collection/realization of expected cash flows
(237
)
 
(285
)
 
17

 
(482
)
 
(543
)
 
11

Default servicing expense
340

 
475

 
(28
)
 
704

 
972

 
(28
)
Core servicing expense(b)
212

 
240

 
(12
)
 
430

 
480

 
(10
)
Income, excluding MSR risk management
141

 
55

 
156

 
272

 
96

 
183

MSR risk management, including related net interest income/(expense)
338

 
78

 
333

 
(63
)
 
(64
)
 
2

Income before income tax expense
479

 
133

 
260

 
209

 
32

 
NM 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Real Estate Portfolios
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Noninterest revenue
(79
)
 
(34
)
 
(132
)
 
(124
)
 
(51
)
 
(143
)
Net interest income
858

 
942

 
(9
)
 
1,740

 
1,904

 
(9
)
Total net revenue
779

 
908

 
(14
)
 
1,616

 
1,853

 
(13
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Provision for credit losses
(189
)
 
(662
)
 
71

 
(215
)
 
(864
)
 
75

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Noninterest expense
342

 
404

 
(15
)
 
688

 
767

 
(10
)
Income before income tax expense
626

 
1,166

 
(46
)
 
1,143

 
1,950

 
(41
)
Mortgage Banking income before income tax expense
$
1,168

 
$
1,881

 
(38
)
 
$
1,357

 
$
2,991

 
(55
)
Mortgage Banking net income
$
709

 
$
1,142

 
(38
)%
 
$
823

 
$
1,815

 
(55
)%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Overhead ratios
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mortgage Production
87
%
 
55
%
 
 
 
99
%
 
58
%
 
 
Mortgage Servicing
53

 
84

 
 
 
84

 
98

 
 
Real Estate Portfolios
44

 
44

 
 
 
43

 
41

 
 
(a)
Prior periods were revised to conform with the current presentation.
(b)
Includes provision for credit losses.

26


Quarterly results
Mortgage Production pretax income was $63 million, a decrease of $519 million from the prior year, reflecting lower revenue, partially offset by lower expense and lower repurchase losses. Mortgage production-related revenue, excluding repurchase losses, was $339 million, a decrease of $947 million, from the prior year, primarily on lower market volumes. Production expense was $413 million, a decrease of $307 million from the prior year, predominantly due to lower headcount-related expense.
Mortgage Servicing pretax income was $479 million, compared with $133 million in the prior year, reflecting higher MSR risk management income and lower expenses, partially offset by lower revenue. Mortgage net servicing-related revenue was $693 million, a decrease of $77 million from the prior year. MSR risk management income was $338 million, driven by approximately $220 million of positive model assumption updates on slower prepayments, compared with $78 million in the prior year. See Note 16 for further information regarding changes in value of the MSR asset and related hedges. Servicing expense was $552 million, a decrease of $163 million from the prior year, reflecting lower headcount-related expense.
Real Estate Portfolios pretax income was $626 million, down $540 million from the prior year, due to a lower benefit from the provision for credit losses and lower net revenue, partially offset by lower expense. Net revenue was $779 million, a decrease of $129 million, or 14%, from the prior year. This decrease was largely due to lower net interest income resulting from lower loan balances due to portfolio runoff. The provision for credit losses was a benefit of $189 million, compared with a benefit of $662 million in the prior year. The current-quarter provision reflected a $300 million reduction in the purchased credit-impaired allowance for loan losses, reflecting continued improvement in home prices and delinquencies. The prior-year provision included a $950 million reduction in the non credit-impaired allowance for loan losses. Net charge-offs were $111 million, compared with $288 million in the prior year. See Consumer Credit Portfolio on pages 52–59 for the net charge-off amounts and rates. Noninterest expense was $342 million, a decrease of $62 million, or 15%, compared with the prior year, driven by lower foreclosed asset expense.
 
Year-to-date results
Mortgage Production pretax income was $5 million, a decrease of $1.0 billion from the prior year, reflecting lower revenue, partially offset by lower expense and lower repurchase losses. Mortgage production-related revenue, excluding repurchase losses, was $631 million, a decrease of $1.9 billion, from the prior year, driven by lower market volumes due to higher levels of mortgage interest rates. Production expense was $891 million, a decrease of $539 million from the prior year, driven by lower headcount-related expense.
Mortgage Servicing pretax income was $209 million, compared with $32 million in the prior year, reflecting lower expenses, partially offset by lower revenue. Mortgage net servicing-related revenue was $1.4 billion, a decrease of $142 million from the prior year. MSR risk management was a loss of $63 million, compared with a MSR risk management loss of $64 million in the prior year. See Note 16 for further information regarding changes in value of the MSR asset and related hedges. Servicing expense was $1.1 billion, a decrease of $318 million from the prior year, reflecting lower headcount-related expense.
Real Estate Portfolios pretax income was $1.1 billion, down $807 million from the prior year, due to a lower benefit from the provision for credit losses and lower net revenue, partially offset by lower expense. Net revenue was $1.6 billion, a decrease of $237 million, or 13%, from the prior year. This decrease was largely due to lower net interest income resulting from lower loan balances due to portfolio runoff. The provision for credit losses was a benefit of $215 million, compared with a benefit of $864 million in the prior year. The current-year provision reflected a $300 million reduction in the purchased credit-impaired allowance for loan losses and $200 million in the non credit-impaired allowance for loan losses, reflecting continued improvement in home prices and delinquencies. The prior-year provision included a $1.6 billion reduction in the allowance for loan losses from the non credit-impaired allowance. Net charge-offs were $285 million, compared with $736 million in the prior year. See Consumer Credit Portfolio on pages 52–59 for the net charge-off amounts and rates. Noninterest expense was $688 million, a decrease of $79 million, or 10%, compared with the prior year, driven by lower foreclosed asset expense.


27


Mortgage Production and Mortgage Servicing
 
 
 
 
 
 
Selected metrics
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
As of or for the three
months ended June 30,
 
As of or for the six
months ended June 30,
(in millions, except ratios)
2014
 
2013
 
Change
 
2014
 
2013
 
Change
Selected balance sheet data
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Period-end loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Prime mortgage, including option ARMs(a)
$
14,964

 
$
15,567

 
(4
)%
 
$
14,964

 
$
15,567

 
(4
)%
Loans held-for-sale and loans at fair value(b)
8,231

 
15,274

 
(46
)
 
8,231

 
15,274

 
(46
)
Average loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Prime mortgage, including option ARMs(a)
15,489

 
16,933

 
(9
)
 
15,440

 
17,242

 
(10
)
Loans held-for-sale and loans at fair value(b)
6,894

 
18,199

 
(62
)
 
7,338

 
19,682

 
(63
)
Average assets
41,101

 
59,880

 
(31
)
 
43,482

 
62,037

 
(30
)
Repurchase liability (period-end)
406

 
2,245

 
(82
)
 
406

 
2,245

 
(82
)
Credit data and quality statistics
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net charge-offs:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Prime mortgage, including option ARMs
1

 
5

 
(80
)
 
4

 
9

 
(56
)
Net charge-off rate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Prime mortgage, including option ARMs
0.03
%
 
0.12
%
 
 
 
0.05
%
 
0.11
%
 
 
30+ day delinquency rate(c)
2.16

 
3.46

 
 
 
2.16

 
3.46

 
 
Nonperforming assets(d)
$
513

 
$
707

 
(27
)%
 
$
513

 
$
707

 
(27
)%
(a)
Predominantly represents prime mortgage loans repurchased from Government National Mortgage Association (“Ginnie Mae”) pools, which are insured by U.S. government agencies.
(b)
Predominantly consists of prime mortgages originated with the intent to sell that are accounted for at fair value and classified as trading assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
(c)
At June 30, 2014 and 2013, excluded mortgage loans insured by U.S. government agencies of $9.6 billion and $11.2 billion, respectively, that are 30 or more days past due. These amounts have been excluded based upon the government guarantee. For further discussion, see Note 13 which summarizes loan delinquency information.
(d)
At June 30, 2014 and 2013, nonperforming assets excluded: (1) mortgage loans insured by U.S. government agencies of $8.1 billion and $10.1 billion, respectively, that are 90 or more days past due; and (2) real estate owned insured by U.S. government agencies of $2.1 billion and $1.8 billion, respectively. These amounts have been excluded from nonaccrual loans based upon the government guarantee. For further discussion, see Note 13 which summarizes loan delinquency information.
Selected metrics
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
As of or for the three
months ended June 30,
 
As of or for the six
months ended June 30,
(in billions, except ratios)
2014
 
2013
 
Change
 
2014
 
2013
 
Change
Business metrics
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mortgage origination volume by channel
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Retail
$
7.2

 
$
23.3

 
(69
)%
 
$
13.9

 
$
49.5

 
(72
)%
Correspondent(a)
9.6

 
25.7

 
(63
)
 
19.9

 
52.2

 
(62
)
Total mortgage origination volume(b)
$
16.8

 
$
49.0

 
(66
)
 
$
33.8

 
$
101.7

 
(67
)
Mortgage application volume by channel
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Retail
$
15.7

 
$
36.8

 
(57
)
 
$
30.3

 
$
71.5

 
(58
)
Correspondent(a)
14.4

 
28.2

 
(49
)
 
25.9

 
54.0

 
(52
)
Total mortgage application volume
$
30.1

 
$
65.0

 
(54
)
 
$
56.2

 
$
125.5

 
(55
)
Third-party mortgage loans serviced (period-end)
$
786.2

 
$
832.0

 
(6
)
 
$
786.2

 
$
832.0

 
(6
)
Third-party mortgage loans serviced (average)
794.7

 
840.6

 
(5
)
 
802.0

 
847.4

 
(5
)
MSR carrying value (period-end)
8.3

 
9.3

 
(11
)%
 
8.3

 
9.3

 
(11
)%
Ratio of MSR carrying value (period-end) to third-party mortgage loans serviced (period-end)
1.06
%
 
1.12
%
 
 
 
1.06
%
 
1.12
%
 
 
Ratio of annualized loan servicing-related revenue to third-party mortgage loans serviced (average)
0.35

 
0.41

 
 
 
0.36

 
0.42

 
 
MSR revenue multiple(c)
3.03
x
 
2.73
x
 
 
 
2.94
x
 
2.67
x
 
 
(a)
Includes rural housing loans sourced through correspondents, and prior to November 2013, through both brokers and correspondents, which are underwritten and closed with pre-funding loan approval from the U.S. Department of Agriculture Rural Development, which acts as the guarantor in the transaction.
(b)
Firmwide mortgage origination volume was $18.0 billion and $52.0 billion for the three months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively, and $36.2 billion and $107.1 billion for the six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively.
(c)
Represents the ratio of MSR carrying value (period-end) to third-party mortgage loans serviced (period-end) divided by the ratio of annualized loan servicing-related revenue to third-party mortgage loans serviced (average).

28


Real Estate Portfolios
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Selected metrics
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
As of or for the three
months ended June 30,
 
As of or for the six
months ended June 30,
(in millions)
2014
 
2013
 
Change
 
2014
 
2013
 
Change
Loans, excluding PCI
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Period-end loans owned:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Home equity
$
54,485

 
$
62,326

 
(13
)%
 
$
54,485

 
$
62,326

 
(13
)%
Prime mortgage, including option ARMs
54,709

 
44,003

 
24

 
54,709

 
44,003

 
24

Subprime mortgage
6,636

 
7,703

 
(14
)
 
6,636

 
7,703

 
(14
)
Other
510

 
589

 
(13
)
 
510

 
589

 
(13
)
Total period-end loans owned
$
116,340

 
$
114,621

 
1

 
$
116,340

 
$
114,621

 
1

Average loans owned:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Home equity
$
55,329

 
$
63,593

 
(13
)
 
$
56,167

 
$
64,856

 
(13
)
Prime mortgage, including option ARMs
53,132

 
43,007

 
24

 
51,940

 
42,411

 
22

Subprime mortgage
6,754

 
7,840

 
(14
)
 
6,880

 
7,989

 
(14
)
Other
520

 
597

 
(13
)
 
530

 
608

 
(13
)
Total average loans owned
$
115,735

 
$
115,037

 
1

 
$
115,517

 
$
115,864

 

PCI loans
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Period-end loans owned:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Home equity
$
18,070

 
$
19,992

 
(10
)
 
$
18,070

 
$
19,992

 
(10
)
Prime mortgage
11,302

 
12,976

 
(13
)
 
11,302

 
12,976

 
(13
)
Subprime mortgage
3,947

 
4,448

 
(11
)
 
3,947

 
4,448

 
(11
)
Option ARMs
16,799

 
19,320

 
(13
)
 
16,799

 
19,320

 
(13
)
Total period-end loans owned
$
50,118

 
$
56,736

 
(12
)
 
$
50,118

 
$
56,736

 
(12
)
Average loans owned:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Home equity
$
18,295

 
$
20,245

 
(10
)
 
$
18,506

 
$
20,494

 
(10
)
Prime mortgage
11,487

 
13,152

 
(13
)
 
11,677

 
13,337

 
(12
)
Subprime mortgage
4,001

 
4,488

 
(11
)
 
4,064

 
4,538

 
(10
)
Option ARMs
17,074

 
19,618

 
(13
)
 
17,379

 
19,920

 
(13
)
Total average loans owned
$
50,857

 
$
57,503

 
(12
)
 
$
51,626

 
$
58,289

 
(11
)
Total Real Estate Portfolios
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Period-end loans owned:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Home equity
$
72,555

 
$
82,318

 
(12
)
 
$
72,555

 
$
82,318

 
(12
)
Prime mortgage, including option ARMs
82,810

 
76,299

 
9

 
82,810

 
76,299

 
9

Subprime mortgage
10,583

 
12,151

 
(13
)
 
10,583

 
12,151

 
(13
)
Other
510

 
589

 
(13
)
 
510

 
589

 
(13
)
Total period-end loans owned
$
166,458

 
$
171,357

 
(3
)
 
$
166,458

 
$
171,357

 
(3
)
Average loans owned:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Home equity
$
73,624

 
$
83,838

 
(12
)
 
$
74,673

 
$
85,350

 
(13
)
Prime mortgage, including option ARMs
81,693

 
75,777

 
8

 
80,996

 
75,668

 
7

Subprime mortgage
10,755

 
12,328

 
(13
)
 
10,944

 
12,527

 
(13
)
Other
520

 
597

 
(13
)
 
530

 
608

 
(13
)
Total average loans owned
$
166,592

 
$
172,540

 
(3
)
 
$
167,143

 
$
174,153

 
(4
)
Average assets
$
163,583

 
$
163,593

 

 
$
164,110

 
$
164,975

 
(1
)
Home equity origination volume
802

 
499

 
61
%
 
1,457

 
901

 
62
%

29


Credit data and quality statistics
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
As of or for the three
months ended June 30,
 
As of or for the six
months ended June 30,
(in millions, except ratios)
2014
 
2013
 
Change
 
2014
 
2013
 
Change
Net charge-offs/(recoveries), excluding PCI loans:(a)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Home equity
$
125

 
$
236

 
(47
)%
 
$
291

 
$
569

 
(49
)%
Prime mortgage, including option ARMs
(12
)
 
16

 
NM

 
(19
)
 
60

 
NM 

Subprime mortgage
(5
)
 
33

 
NM

 
8

 
100

 
(92
)
Other
3

 
3

 

 
5

 
7

 
(29
)
Total net charge-offs/(recoveries), excluding PCI loans
$
111

 
$
288

 
(61
)
 
$
285

 
$
736

 
(61
)
Net charge-off/(recovery) rate, excluding PCI loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Home equity
0.91
%
 
1.49
%
 
 
 
1.04
%
 
1.77
%
 
 
Prime mortgage, including option ARMs
(0.09
)
 
0.15

 
 
 
(0.07
)
 
0.29

 
 
Subprime mortgage
(0.30
)
 
1.69

 
 
 
0.23

 
2.52

 
 
Other
2.31

 
2.02

 
 
 
1.90

 
2.32

 
 
Total net charge-off/(recovery) rate, excluding PCI loans
0.38

 
1.00

 
 
 
0.50

 
1.28

 
 
Net charge-off/(recovery) rate – reported:(a)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Home equity
0.68
%
 
1.13
%
 
 
 
0.79
%
 
1.34
%
 
 
Prime mortgage, including option ARMs
(0.06
)
 
0.08

 
 
 
(0.05
)
 
0.16

 
 
Subprime mortgage
(0.19
)
 
1.07

 
 
 
0.15

 
1.61

 
 
Other
2.31

 
2.02

 
 
 
1.90

 
2.32

 
 
Total net charge-off/(recovery) rate – reported
0.27

 
0.67

 
 
 
0.34

 
0.85

 
 
30+ day delinquency rate, excluding PCI loans(b)
3.04
%
 
4.17
%
 
 
 
3.04
%
 
4.17
%
 
 
Allowance for loan losses, excluding PCI loans
$
2,368

 
$
3,268

 
(28
)
 
$
2,368

 
$
3,268

 
(28
)
Allowance for PCI loans(a)
3,749

 
5,711

 
(34
)
 
3,749

 
5,711

 
(34
)
Allowance for loan losses
$
6,117

 
$
8,979

 
(32
)
 
$
6,117

 
$
8,979

 
(32
)
Nonperforming assets(c)
6,445

 
7,801

 
(17
)%
 
6,445

 
7,801

 
(17
)%
Allowance for loan losses to period-end loans retained
3.68
%
 
5.24
%
 
 
 
3.68
%
 
5.24
%
 
 
Allowance for loan losses to period-end loans retained, excluding PCI loans
2.04

 
2.85

 
 
 
2.04

 
2.85

 
 
(a)
Net charge-offs and the net charge-off rates excluded $48 million and $109 million of write-offs in the PCI portfolio for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014, respectively. These write-offs decreased the allowance for loan losses for PCI loans. For further information, see Consumer Credit Portfolio on pages 120–129 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.
(b)
The 30+ day delinquency rate for PCI loans was 14.08% and 17.92% at June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively.
(c)
Excludes PCI loans. The Firm is recognizing interest income on each pool of PCI loans as they are all performing.

Mortgage servicing-related matters
The financial crisis resulted in unprecedented levels of delinquencies and defaults of 1-4 family residential real estate loans. Such loans required varying degrees of loss mitigation activities. Foreclosure is usually a last resort, and accordingly, the Firm has made, and continues to make, significant efforts to help borrowers remain in their homes.
The Firm has entered into various Consent Orders and settlements with federal and state governmental agencies and private parties related to mortgage servicing, origination, and residential mortgage-backed securities activities. The requirements of these Consent Orders and settlements vary, but in the aggregate, include cash compensatory payments (in addition to fines) and/or “borrower relief”, that may include principal reductions, refinancing, short sale assistance, and other specified types of borrower relief. Other obligations required under certain Consent Orders and settlements, as well as under new
 

regulatory requirements, include enhanced mortgage servicing and foreclosure standards and processes. The Firm has satisfied or is committed to satisfying these obligations within the mandated timeframes.
The mortgage servicing Consent Orders and settlements are subject to ongoing oversight by the Mortgage Compliance Committee of the Firm’s Board of Directors. In addition, certain of the Consent Orders and settlements are the subject of ongoing reporting to various regulators and independent overseers.
The Firm’s compliance with the Global Settlement and the RMBS Settlement are detailed in periodic reports published by the independent overseers.
For further information on these settlements and Consent Orders, see Note 2 and Note 31 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.





30


Card, Merchant Services & Auto
Selected financial statement data
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
As of or for the three
months ended June 30 ,
 
As of or for the six
months ended June 30,
(in millions, except ratios)
2014
 
2013
 
Change
 
2014
 
2013
 
Change
Revenue
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Card income
$
1,080

 
$
1,067

 
1
%
 
$
2,052

 
$
2,080

 
(1
)%
All other income
293

 
261

 
12

 
572

 
506

 
13

Noninterest revenue
1,373

 
1,328

 
3

 
2,624

 
2,586

 
1

Net interest income
3,180

 
3,342

 
(5
)
 
6,440

 
6,804

 
(5
)
Total net revenue
4,553

 
4,670

 
(3
)
 
9,064

 
9,390

 
(3
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Provision for credit losses
974

 
564

 
73

 
1,737

 
1,250

 
39

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Noninterest expense
2,124

 
1,988

 
7

 
4,093

 
3,931

 
4

Income before income tax expense
1,455

 
2,118

 
(31
)
 
3,234

 
4,209

 
(23
)
Net income
$
840

 
$
1,249

 
(33
)
 
$
1,922

 
$
2,521

 
(24
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Return on common equity
18
%
 
32
%
 
 
 
20
%
 
33
%
 
 
Overhead ratio
47

 
43

 
 
 
45

 
42

 
 
Equity (period-end and average)
$
19,000

 
$
15,500

 
23
%
 
$
19,000

 
$
15,500

 
23
%
Quarterly results
Card, Merchant Services & Auto net income was $840 million, a decrease of $409 million, or 33%, compared with the prior year, driven by higher provision for credit losses, higher noninterest expense and lower net revenue.
Net revenue was $4.6 billion, down $117 million, or 3%, compared with the prior year. Net interest income was $3.2 billion, down $162 million compared with the prior year, driven by spread compression. Noninterest revenue was $1.4 billion, up $45 million from the prior year, driven by higher net interchange income, largely offset by higher amortization of new account origination costs.
The provision for credit losses was $974 million, compared with $564 million in the prior year. The current-quarter provision reflected lower net charge-offs and a $53 million reduction in the allowance for loan losses, primarily in Student. The prior year provision reflected a $550 million reduction in the allowance for loan losses.
Noninterest expense was $2.1 billion, up $136 million, or 7% from the prior year, largely driven by investments in controls, timing of marketing investment in Credit Card and higher legal expense.
 
Year-to-date results
Card, Merchant Services & Auto net income was $1.9 billion, a decrease of $599 million, or 24%, compared with the prior year, driven by higher provision for credit losses and lower net revenue.
Net revenue was $9.1 billion, down $326 million, or 3%, compared with the prior year. Net interest income was $6.4 billion, down $364 million compared with the prior year, driven by spread compression. Noninterest revenue was $2.6 billion, up $38 million compared with the prior year, driven by higher net interchange income and auto lease income, predominately offset by higher amortization of new account origination costs and lower revenue from an exited non-core product.
The provision for credit losses was $1.7 billion, compared with $1.3 billion in the prior year. The current-year provision reflects lower net charge-offs and a $303 million reduction in the allowance for loan losses. The reduction in the allowance for loan losses is primarily related to a decrease in the asset-specific allowance resulting from increased granularity of the impairment estimates related to credit card loans modified in TDRs and run-off in the student loan portfolio. The prior-year provision included a $1.1 billion reduction in the allowance for loan losses.
Noninterest expense was $4.1 billion, up $162 million, or 4% from the prior year primarily driven by investments in controls, higher operating lease depreciation and higher legal expense, partially offset by a regulatory charge in the prior year.


31


Selected metrics
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
As of or for the three
months ended June 30,
 
As of or for the six
months ended June 30,
(in millions, except ratios and where otherwise noted)
2014
 
2013
 
Change
 
2014
 
2013
 
Change
Selected balance sheet data (period-end)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Credit Card
$
126,129

 
$
124,288

 
1
%
 
$
126,129

 
$
124,288

 
1
%
Auto
53,042

 
50,865

 
4

 
53,042

 
50,865

 
4

Student
9,992

 
11,040

 
(9
)
 
9,992

 
11,040

 
(9
)
Total loans
$
189,163

 
$
186,193

 
2

 
$
189,163

 
$
186,193

 
2

Selected balance sheet data (average)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total assets
$
200,710

 
$
196,921

 
2

 
$
201,238

 
$
196,778

 
2

Loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Credit Card
123,679

 
122,855

 
1

 
123,471

 
123,208

 

Auto
52,818

 
50,677

 
4

 
52,780

 
50,362

 
5

Student
10,155

 
11,172

 
(9
)
 
10,301

 
11,315

 
(9
)
Total loans
$
186,652

 
$
184,704

 
1

 
$
186,552

 
$
184,885

 
1

Business metrics
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Credit Card, excluding Commercial Card
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Sales volume (in billions)
$
118.0

 
$
105.2

 
12

 
$
222.5

 
$
199.9

 
11

New accounts opened
2.1

 
1.5

 
40

 
4.2

 
3.2

 
31

Open accounts
65.8

 
64.8

 
2

 
65.8

 
64.8

 
2

Accounts with sales activity
31.8

 
30.0

 
6

 
31.8

 
30.0

 
6

% of accounts acquired online
54
%
 
53
%
 
 
 
53
%
 
52
%
 
 
Merchant Services (Chase Paymentech Solutions)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Merchant processing volume (in billions)
$
209.0

 
$
185.0

 
13

 
$
404.4

 
$
360.8

 
12

Total transactions (in billions)
9.3

 
8.8

 
6

 
18.4

 
17.1

 
8

Auto
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Origination volume (in billions)
$
7.1

 
$
6.8

 
4
%
 
$
13.8

 
$
13.3

 
4
%

32


Selected metrics
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
As of or for the three
months ended June 30,
 
As of or for the six
months ended June 30,
(in millions, except ratios)
 
2014
 
2013
 
Change
 
2014
 
2013
 
Change
Credit data and quality statistics
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net charge-offs:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Credit Card
 
$
885

 
$
1,014

 
(13
)%
 
$
1,773

 
$
2,096

 
(15
)%
Auto
 
29

 
23

 
26

 
70

 
63

 
11

Student
 
113

 
77

 
47

 
197

 
141

 
40

Total net charge-offs
 
$
1,027

 
$
1,114

 
(8
)
 
$
2,040

 
$
2,300

 
(11
)
Net charge-off rate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Credit Card(a)
 
2.88
%
 
3.31
%
 
 
 
2.90
%
 
3.43
%
 
 
Auto
 
0.22

 
0.18

 
 
 
0.27

 
0.25

 
 
Student
 
4.46

 
2.76

 
 
 
3.86

 
2.51

 
 
Total net charge-off rate
 
2.21

 
2.42

 
 
 
2.21

 
2.51

 
 
Delinquency rates
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
30+ day delinquency rate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Credit Card(b)
 
1.41

 
1.69

 
 
 
1.41

 
1.69

 
 
Auto
 
0.93

 
0.95

 
 
 
0.93

 
0.95

 
 
Student(c)
 
2.67

 
2.23

 
 
 
2.67

 
2.23

 
 
Total 30+ day delinquency rate
 
1.34

 
1.52

 
 
 
1.34

 
1.52

 
 
90+ day delinquency rate – Credit Card(b)
 
0.69

 
0.82

 
 
 
0.69

 
0.82

 
 
Nonperforming assets(d)
 
$
301

 
$
243

 
24

 
$
301

 
$
243

 
24

Allowance for loan losses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Credit Card
 
$
3,594

 
$
4,445

 
(19
)
 
$
3,594

 
$
4,445

 
(19
)
Auto & Student
 
850

 
954

 
(11
)
 
850

 
954

 
(11
)
Total allowance for loan losses
 
$
4,444

 
$
5,399

 
(18
)%
 
$
4,444

 
$
5,399

 
(18
)%
Allowance for loan losses to period-end loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Credit Card(b)
 
2.86
%
 
3.58
%
 
 
 
2.86
%
 
3.58
%
 
 
Auto & Student
 
1.35

 
1.54

 
 
 
1.35

 
1.54

 
 
Total allowance for loan losses to period-end loans
 
2.36

 
2.90

 
 
 
2.36

 
2.90

 
 
(a)
Average credit card loans included loans held-for-sale of $405 million for the three months ended June 30, 2014 and $360 million for the six months ended June 30, 2014. These amounts are excluded when calculating the net charge-off rate. There were no loans held-for-sale for the three and six months ended June 30, 2013.
(b)
Period-end credit card loans included loans held-for-sale of $508 million at June 30, 2014. This amount was excluded when calculating delinquency rates and the allowance for loan losses to period-end loans. There were no loans held-for-sale at June 30, 2013.
(c)
Excluded student loans insured by U.S. government agencies under the FFELP of $630 million and $812 million at June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively, that are 30 or more days past due. These amounts have been excluded based upon the government guarantee.
(d)
Nonperforming assets excluded student loans insured by U.S. government agencies under the FFELP of $316 million and $488 million at June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively, that are 90 or more days past due. These amounts have been excluded from nonaccrual loans based upon the government guarantee.

Card Services supplemental information
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Three months ended June 30,
 
Six months ended June 30,
(in millions, except ratios)
 
2014
 
2013
 
Change
 
2014
 
2013
 
Change
Revenue
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Noninterest revenue
 
$
982

 
$
994

 
(1
)%
 
$
1,866

 
$
1,932

 
(3)%
Net interest income
 
2,764

 
2,863

 
(3
)
 
5,593

 
5,833

 
(4)
Total net revenue
 
3,746

 
3,857

 
(3
)
 
7,459

 
7,765

 
(4)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Provision for credit losses
 
885

 
464

 
91

 
1,573

 
1,046

 
50
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Noninterest expense
 
1,625

 
1,537

 
6

 
3,090

 
3,038

 
2
Income before income tax expense
 
1,236

 
1,856

 
(33
)
 
2,796

 
3,681

 
(24)
Net income
 
$
709

 
$
1,093

 
(35
)%
 
$
1,661

 
$
2,206

 
(25)%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Percentage of average loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Noninterest revenue
 
3.18
%
 
3.25
%
 
 
 
3.05
%
 
3.16
%
 
 
Net interest income
 
8.96

 
9.35

 
 
 
9.13

 
9.55

 
 
Total net revenue
 
12.15

 
12.59

 
 
 
12.18

 
12.71

 
 

33


CORPORATE & INVESTMENT BANK
For a discussion of the business profile of CIB, see pages 98–102 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report and the Introduction on page 4 of this Form 10-Q.
Selected income statement data
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Three months ended June 30,
 
Six months ended June 30,
(in millions, except ratios)
2014
 
2013
 
Change
 
2014
 
2013
 
Change
Revenue
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Investment banking fees
$
1,773

 
$
1,717

 
3
%
 
$
3,217

 
$
3,150

 
2
%
Principal transactions(a)
2,782

 
3,288

 
(15
)
 
5,668

 
7,249

 
(22
)
Lending- and deposit-related fees
449

 
486

 
(8
)
 
893

 
959

 
(7
)
Asset management, administration and commissions
1,186

 
1,289

 
(8
)
 
2,365

 
2,456

 
(4
)
All other income
341

 
391

 
(13
)
 
624

 
714

 
(13
)
Noninterest revenue
6,531

 
7,171

 
(9
)
 
12,767

 
14,528

 
(12
)
Net interest income
2,460

 
2,705

 
(9
)
 
4,830

 
5,488

 
(12
)
Total net revenue(b)
8,991

 
9,876

 
(9
)
 
17,597

 
20,016

 
(12
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Provision for credit losses
(84
)
 
(6
)
 
NM
 
(35
)
 
5

 
NM 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Noninterest expense
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Compensation expense
2,757

 
2,988

 
(8
)
 
5,627

 
6,364

 
(12
)
Noncompensation expense
3,301

 
2,754

 
20

 
6,035

 
5,489

 
10

Total noninterest expense
6,058

 
5,742

 
6

 
11,662

 
11,853

 
(2
)
Income before income tax expense
3,017

 
4,140

 
(27
)
 
5,970

 
8,158

 
(27
)
Income tax expense
1,054

 
1,302

 
(19
)
 
2,028

 
2,710

 
(25
)
Net income
$
1,963

 
$
2,838

 
(31
)%
 
$
3,942

 
$
5,448

 
(28
)%
Financial ratios
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Return on common equity(c)
13
%
 
20
%
 
 
 
13
%
 
19
%
 
 
Overhead ratio(d)
67

 
58

 
 
 
66

 
59

 
 
Compensation expense as a percentage of total net revenue(e)
31

 
30

 
 
 
32

 
32

 
 
(a)
Included FVA (effective fourth quarter 2013) and DVA on OTC derivatives and structured notes, measured at fair value. Net FVA and DVA gains were $173 million for the three months ended June 30, 2014, and $143 million for the six months ended June 30, 2014. DVA gains were $355 million for the three months ended June 30, 2013, and $481 million for the six months ended June 30, 2013. Results are presented net of associated hedging activities.
(b)
Included tax-equivalent adjustments, predominantly due to income tax credits related to affordable housing and alternative energy investments, as well as tax-exempt income from municipal bond investments of $606 million and $550 million for the three months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively, and $1.2 billion and $1.1 billion for the six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively.
(c)
Return on equity excluding DVA, a non-GAAP financial measure, was 19% and 18% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2013, respectively.
(d)
Overhead ratio excluding DVA, a non-GAAP financial measure, was 60% and 61% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2013.
(e)
Compensation expense as a percentage of total net revenue excluding DVA, a non-GAAP financial measure, was 31% and 33% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2013.


















Note: Prior to January 1, 2014, CIB provided several non-GAAP financial measures excluding the impact of implementing the funding valuation adjustment (“FVA”) framework (effective fourth quarter 2013) and DVA on: net revenue, net income, overhead ratio, compensation ratio and return on equity. Beginning in the first quarter 2014, the Firm did not exclude FVA and DVA from its assessment of business performance; however, the Firm continues to present these non-GAAP measures for the periods prior to January 1, 2014, as they reflected how management assessed the underlying business performance of the CIB in those prior periods.

34


Selected income statement data
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Three months ended June 30,
 
Six months ended June 30,
(in millions)
2014
 
2013
 
Change
 
2014
 
2013
 
Change
Revenue by business
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Advisory
$
397

 
$
304

 
31
%
 
$
780

 
$
559

 
40
%
Equity underwriting
477

 
457

 
4

 
830

 
730

 
14

Debt underwriting
899

 
956

 
(6
)
 
1,607

 
1,861

 
(14
)
Total investment banking fees
1,773

 
1,717

 
3

 
3,217

 
3,150

 
2

Treasury Services
1,012

 
1,051

 
(4
)
 
2,021

 
2,095

 
(4
)
Lending
297

 
373

 
(20
)
 
581

 
871

 
(33
)
Total Banking
3,082

 
3,141

 
(2
)
 
5,819

 
6,116

 
(5
)
Fixed Income Markets
3,482

 
4,078

 
(15
)
 
7,242

 
8,830

 
(18
)
Equity Markets
1,165

 
1,296

 
(10
)
 
2,460

 
2,636

 
(7
)
Securities Services
1,137

 
1,087

 
5

 
2,148

 
2,061

 
4

Credit Adjustments & Other(a)
125

 
274

 
(54
)
 
(72
)
 
373

 
NM 
Total Markets & Investor Services
5,909

 
6,735

 
(12
)
 
11,778

 
13,900

 
(15
)
Total net revenue
$
8,991

 
$
9,876

 
(9
)%
 
$
17,597

 
$
20,016

 
(12
)%
(a)
Consists primarily of credit valuation adjustments (“CVA”) managed by the credit portfolio group, and FVA (effective fourth quarter 2013) and DVA on OTC derivatives and structured notes. Results are presented net of associated hedging activities and net of CVA and FVA amounts allocated to Fixed Income Markets and Equity Markets.
Quarterly results
Net income was $2.0 billion, down 31% compared with $2.8 billion in the prior year. These results primarily reflected lower revenue, as well as higher noninterest expense. Net revenue was $9.0 billion compared with $9.9 billion in the prior year. Excluding the impact of a DVA gain of $355 million in the prior year, net revenue was down 6% from $9.5 billion, and net income was down 25% from $2.6 billion.
Banking revenue was $3.1 billion, down 2% from the prior year. Investment banking fees were $1.8 billion, up 3% from the prior year. The increase was driven by higher advisory fees of $397 million, up 31% from the prior year on stronger wallet share of completed transactions, as well as higher equity underwriting fees of $477 million, up 4% from the prior year on stronger industry-wide issuance. These were partially offset by lower debt underwriting fees of $899 million, down 6% from the prior year, primarily related to lower loan syndication fees on lower industry-wide wallet levels. Treasury Services revenue was $1.0 billion, down 4% compared with the prior year driven by lower trade finance revenue as well as the impact of business simplification initiatives. Lending revenue was $297 million, down from $373 million in the prior year primarily due to lower net interest income.
Markets & Investor Services revenue was $5.9 billion, down 12% from the prior year. Fixed Income Markets revenue of $3.5 billion was down 15% from the prior year on historically low levels of volatility and lower client activity across products. Equity Markets revenue of $1.2 billion was down 10% compared with the prior year, primarily on lower derivatives revenue. Securities Services revenue was $1.1 billion, up 5% from the prior year primarily driven by higher net interest income on increased deposits. Credit Adjustments & Other revenue was a gain of $125 million
 
driven by gains, net of hedges, related to funding valuation adjustments/DVA, compared with a gain of $274 million in the prior year which was primarily driven by DVA.
Noninterest expense was $6.1 billion, up 6% from the prior year, driven by higher noncompensation expense, partially offset by lower performance-based compensation. The current quarter noninterest expense included approximately $300 million of legal expense and approximately $300 million of costs related to business simplification. The ratio of compensation expense to total net revenue was 31%.
Return on equity was 13% on $61.0 billion of average allocated capital.
Year-to-date results
Net income was $3.9 billion, down 28% compared with $5.4 billion in the prior year. These results primarily reflected lower revenue, partially offset by lower noninterest expense. Net revenue was $17.6 billion compared with $20.0 billion in the prior year. Excluding the impact of a DVA gain of $481 million in the prior year, net revenue was down 10% from $19.5 billion in the prior year, and net income was down 23% from $5.2 billion in the prior year.
Banking revenue was $5.8 billion, down 5% from the prior year. Investment banking fees were $3.2 billion, up 2% from the prior year. The increase was driven by higher advisory and equity underwriting fees, predominantly offset by lower debt underwriting fees. Advisory fees of $780 million were up 40% on stronger wallet share of completed transactions. Equity underwriting fees of $830 million were up 14% on stronger industry-wide issuance. Debt underwriting fees were $1.6 billion, down 14%, primarily related to lower loan syndication fees on lower industry-wide wallet levels. Treasury Services revenue was


35


$2.0 billion, down 4% compared with the prior year, primarily driven by lower trade finance revenue as well as the impact of business simplification initiatives. Lending revenue was $581 million, down from $871 million in the prior year, primarily driven by lower gains on securities received from restructured loans, as well as lower net interest income.
Markets & Investor Services revenue was $11.8 billion, down 15% from the prior year. Fixed income Markets revenue of $7.2 billion was down 18% from the prior year on historically low levels of volatility and lower client activity across products. Equity Markets revenue of $2.5 billion was down 7% primarily on lower derivatives revenue. Securities Services revenue was $2.1 billion, up 4% from the prior year, primarily driven by higher net
 
interest income on increased deposits. Credit Adjustments & Other revenue was a loss of $72 million, driven by net CVA losses, partially offset by gains, net of hedges, related to funding valuation adjustments/DVA, compared with a gain of $373 million in the prior year which was driven primarily by DVA.
Noninterest expense was $11.7 billion, down 2% from the prior year, primarily driven by lower performance-based compensation, partially offset by higher noncompensation expense due to higher investments in controls, as well as costs related to business simplification. The compensation expense to net revenue ratio was 32%.
Return on equity was 13% on $61.0 billion of average
allocated capital.

Selected metrics
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
As of or for the three months
ended June 30,
 
As of or for the six months
ended June 30,
(in millions, except headcount)
2014
 
2013
 
Change
 
2014
 
2013
 
Change
Selected balance sheet data (period-end)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Assets
$
873,288

 
$
873,527

 

 
$
873,288

 
$
873,527

 

Loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loans retained(a)
99,733

 
106,248

 
(6
)
 
99,733

 
106,248

 
(6
)
Loans held-for-sale and loans at fair value
9,048

 
4,564

 
98

 
9,048

 
4,564

 
98

Total loans
108,781

 
110,812

 
(2
)
 
108,781

 
110,812

 
(2
)
Equity
61,000

 
56,500

 
8

 
61,000

 
56,500

 
8

Selected balance sheet data (average)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Assets
$
846,142

 
$
878,801

 
(4
)
 
$
848,791

 
$
874,657

 
(3
)
Trading assets-debt and equity instruments
317,054

 
336,118

 
(6
)
 
311,627

 
339,203

 
(8
)
Trading assets-derivative receivables
59,560

 
72,036

 
(17
)
 
61,811

 
71,576

 
(14
)
Loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loans retained(a)
96,750

 
107,654

 
(10
)
 
96,277

 
107,226

 
(10
)
Loans held-for-sale and loans at fair value
8,891

 
5,950

 
49

 
8,491

 
5,604

 
52

Total loans
105,641

 
113,604

 
(7
)
 
104,768

 
112,830

 
(7
)
Equity
61,000

 
56,500

 
8

 
61,000

 
56,500

 
8

Headcount
51,729

 
51,771

 

 
51,729

 
51,771

 

(a)
Loans retained includes credit portfolio loans, trade finance loans, other held-for-investment loans and overdrafts.


36


Selected metrics
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
As of or for the three months
ended June 30,
 
As of or for the six months
ended June 30,
(in millions, except ratios and where otherwise noted)
2014
 
2013
 
Change
 
2014
 
2013
 
Change
Credit data and quality statistics
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net charge-offs/(recoveries)
$
(4
)
 
$
(82
)
 
95
%
 
$
(5
)
 
$
(63
)
 
92
%
Nonperforming assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Nonaccrual loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Nonaccrual loans retained(a)(b)
111

 
227

 
(51
)
 
111

 
227

 
(51
)
Nonaccrual loans held-for-sale and loans at fair value
167

 
293

 
(43
)
 
167

 
293

 
(43
)
Total nonaccrual loans
278

 
520

 
(47
)
 
278

 
520

 
(47
)
Derivative receivables
361

 
448

 
(19
)
 
361

 
448

 
(19
)
Assets acquired in loan satisfactions
106

 
46

 
130

 
106

 
46

 
130

Total nonperforming assets
745

 
1,014

 
(27
)
 
745

 
1,014

 
(27
)
Allowance for credit losses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Allowance for loan losses
1,112

 
1,287

 
(14
)
 
1,112

 
1,287

 
(14
)
Allowance for lending-related commitments
479

 
556

 
(14
)
 
479

 
556

 
(14
)
Total allowance for credit losses
1,591

 
1,843

 
(14
)
 
1,591

 
1,843

 
(14
)
Net charge-off/(recovery) rate(a)
(0.02
)%
 
(0.31
)%
 
 
 
(0.01
)%
 
(0.12
)%
 
 
Allowance for loan losses to period-end loans retained(a)
1.11

 
1.21

 
 
 
1.11

 
1.21

 
 
Allowance for loan losses to period-end loans retained, excluding trade finance and conduits(c)
1.80

 
2.35

 
 
 
1.80

 
2.35

 
 
Allowance for loan losses to nonaccrual loans retained(a)(b)
1,002

 
567

 
 
 
1,002

 
567

 
 
Nonaccrual loans to total period-end loans
0.26

 
0.47

 
 
 
0.26

 
0.47

 
 
Business metrics
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Assets under custody (“AUC”) by asset class (period-end)
  (in billions):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fixed Income
$
12,579

 
$
11,421

 
10

 
$
12,579

 
$
11,421

 
10

Equity
7,275

 
5,961

 
22

 
7,275

 
5,961

 
22

Other(d)
1,805

 
1,547

 
17

 
1,805

 
1,547

 
17

Total AUC
$
21,659

 
$
18,929

 
14

 
$
21,659

 
$
18,929

 
14

Client deposits and other third party liabilities (average)
$
403,268

 
$
369,108

 
9

 
$
407,884

 
$
363,218

 
12

Trade finance loans (period-end)
28,291

 
36,375

 
(22
)%
 
28,291

 
36,375

 
(22
)%
(a)
Loans retained includes credit portfolio loans, trade finance loans, other held-for-investment loans and overdrafts.
(b)
Allowance for loan losses of $22 million and $70 million were held against these nonaccrual loans at June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively.
(c)
Management uses allowance for loan losses to period-end loans retained, excluding trade finance and conduits, a non-GAAP financial measure, to provide a more meaningful assessment of CIB’s allowance coverage ratio.
(d)
Consists of mutual funds, unit investment trusts, currencies, annuities, insurance contracts, options and other contracts.



37


League table results – wallet(a)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Six months ended
June 30, 2014
 
Full-year 2013
 
Share
Rank
 
Share
Rank
Debt, equity and equity-related
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Global
7.4
%
 
#1
 
 
8.3
%
 
#1

U.S.
10.6

 
1
 
 
11.4

 
1

Long-term debt(b)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Global
8.0

 
1
 
 
8.2

 
1

U.S.
11.7

 
1
 
 
11.6

 
1

Equity and equity-related
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Global(c)
6.9

 
3
 
 
8.4

 
2

U.S.
9.3

 
4
 
 
11.4

 
1

M&A(d)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Global
8.8

 
2
 
 
7.7

 
2

U.S.
10.8

 
2
 
 
8.8

 
2

Loan syndications
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Global
9.6

 
1
 
 
9.9

 
1

U.S.
12.9

 
1
 
 
13.9

 
1

Global investment banking fees(e)
8.2

 
1
 
 
8.5

 
1

League table results – volumes(f)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Six months ended
June 30, 2014
 
Full-year 2013
 
Share
Rank
 
Share
Rank
Debt, equity and equity-related
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Global
6.8
%
 
#1
 
 
7.3
%
 
#1

U.S.
11.8

 
1
 
 
11.9

 
1

Long-term debt(b)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Global
6.7

 
1
 
 
7.2

 
1

U.S.
11.3

 
1
 
 
11.7

 
1

Equity and
equity-related
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Global(c)
7.3

 
2
 
 
8.2

 
2

U.S.
10.4

 
4
 
 
12.1

 
2

M&A announced(d)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Global
21.5

 
4
 
 
23.1

 
2

U.S.
29.6

 
4
 
 
35.3

 
2

Loan syndications
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Global
10.4

 
1
 
 
9.9

 
1

U.S.
18.6

 
1
 
 
17.6

 
1



(a)
Source: Dealogic. Reflects the ranking of fees and revenue wallet share.
(b)
Long-term debt rankings include investment-grade, high-yield, supranationals, sovereigns, agencies, covered bonds, asset-backed securities (“ABS”) and mortgage-backed securities; and exclude money market, short-term debt, and U.S. municipal securities.
(c)
Global equity and equity-related rankings include rights offerings and Chinese A-Shares.
(d)
M&A and Announced M&A rankings reflect the removal of any withdrawn transactions. U.S. M&A wallet represents wallet from client parents based in the U.S. U.S. announced M&A volumes represents any U.S. involvement ranking.
(e)
Global investment banking fees rankings exclude money market, short-term debt and shelf deals.
(f)
Source: Dealogic. Reflects transaction volume and market share. Global announced M&A is based on transaction value at announcement; because of joint M&A assignments, M&A market share of all participants will add up to more than 100%. All other transaction volume-based rankings are based on proceeds, with full credit to each book manager/equal if joint.

38


International metrics
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
As of or for the three months
ended June 30,
 
As of or for the six months
ended June 30,
(in millions, except where otherwise noted)
2014
 
2013
 
Change
 
2014
 
2013
 
Change
Total net revenue(a)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Europe/Middle East/Africa
$
3,335

 
$
2,955

 
13
%
 
$
6,354

 
$
6,338

 

Asia/Pacific
1,105

 
1,403

 
(21
)
 
2,131

 
2,568

 
(17
)
Latin America/Caribbean
284

 
397

 
(28
)
 
554

 
797

 
(30
)
Total international net revenue
4,724

 
4,755

 
(1
)
 
9,039

 
9,703

 
(7
)
North America
4,267

 
5,121

 
(17
)
 
8,558

 
10,313

 
(17
)
Total net revenue
$
8,991

 
$
9,876

 
(9
)
 
$
17,597

 
$
20,016

 
(12
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loans (period-end)(a)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Europe/Middle East/Africa
$
29,831

 
$
32,685

 
(9
)
 
$
29,831

 
$
32,685

 
(9
)
Asia/Pacific
25,004

 
26,616

 
(6
)
 
25,004

 
26,616

 
(6
)
Latin America/Caribbean
8,811

 
10,434

 
(16
)
 
8,811

 
10,434

 
(16
)
Total international loans
63,646

 
69,735

 
(9
)
 
63,646

 
69,735

 
(9
)
North America
36,087

 
36,513

 
(1
)
 
36,087

 
36,513

 
(1
)
Total loans
$
99,733

 
$
106,248

 
(6
)
 
$
99,733

 
$
106,248

 
(6
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Client deposits and other third-party liabilities (average)(a)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Europe/Middle East/Africa
$
147,859

 
$
139,801

 
6

 
$
147,205

 
$
137,085

 
7

Asia/Pacific
65,387

 
51,666

 
27

 
63,165

 
51,830

 
22

Latin America/Caribbean
23,619

 
15,012

 
57

 
22,834

 
13,604

 
68

Total international
$
236,865

 
$
206,479

 
15

 
$
233,204

 
$
202,519

 
15

North America
166,403

 
162,629

 
2

 
174,680

 
160,699

 
9

Total client deposits and other third-party liabilities
$
403,268

 
$
369,108

 
9

 
$
407,884

 
$
363,218

 
12

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AUC (period-end) (in billions)(a)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
North America
$
11,764

 
$
10,672

 
10

 
$
11,764

 
$
10,672

 
10

All other regions
9,895

 
8,257

 
20

 
9,895

 
8,257

 
20

Total AUC
$
21,659

 
$
18,929

 
14
%
 
$
21,659

 
$
18,929

 
14
%
(a)
Total net revenue is based predominantly on the domicile of the client or location of the trading desk, as applicable. Loans outstanding (excluding loans held-for-sale and loans at fair value), client deposits and other third-party liabilities, and AUC are based predominantly on the domicile of the client.

39


COMMERCIAL BANKING
For a discussion of the business profile of CB, see pages 103–105 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report and the Introduction on page 5 of this Form 10-Q.
Selected income statement data
 
Three months ended June 30,
 
Six months ended June 30,
(in millions, except ratios)
2014
 
2013
 
Change
 
2014
 
2013
 
Change
Revenue
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Lending- and deposit-related fees
$
252

 
$
265

 
(5
)%
 
$
498

 
$
524

 
(5
)%
Asset management, administration and commissions
26

 
30

 
(13
)
 
49

 
62

 
(21
)
All other income(a)
299

 
256

 
17

 
588

 
500

 
18

Noninterest revenue
577

 
551

 
5

 
1,135

 
1,086

 
5

Net interest income
1,124

 
1,177

 
(5
)
 
2,217

 
2,315

 
(4
)
Total net revenue(b)
1,701

 
1,728

 
(2
)
 
3,352

 
3,401

 
(1
)
Provision for credit losses
(67
)
 
44

 
NM
 
(62
)
 
83

 
NM 
Noninterest expense
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Compensation expense
292

 
286

 
2

 
599

 
575

 
4

Noncompensation expense
378

 
361

 
5

 
752

 
709

 
6

Amortization of intangibles
5

 
5

 

 
10

 
12

 
(17
)
Total noninterest expense
675

 
652

 
4

 
1,361

 
1,296

 
5

Income before income tax expense
1,093

 
1,032

 
6

 
2,053

 
2,022

 
2

Income tax expense
435

 
411

 
6

 
817

 
805

 
1

Net income
$
658

 
$
621

 
6

 
$
1,236

 
$
1,217

 
2

Revenue by product
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Lending
$
877

 
$
971

 
(10
)
 
$
1,740

 
$
1,895

 
(8
)
Treasury services
627

 
607

 
3

 
1,237

 
1,212

 
2

Investment banking
166

 
132

 
26

 
312

 
250

 
25

Other
31

 
18

 
72

 
63

 
44

 
43

Total Commercial Banking net revenue
$
1,701

 
$
1,728

 
(2
)
 
$
3,352

 
$
3,401

 
(1
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Investment banking revenue, gross(c)
$
481

 
$
385

 
25

 
$
928

 
$
726

 
28

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Revenue by client segment
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Middle Market Banking
$
709

 
$
777

 
(9
)
 
$
1,407

 
$
1,530

 
(8
)
Corporate Client Banking
477

 
444

 
7

 
923

 
877

 
5

Commercial Term Lending
307

 
315

 
(3
)
 
615

 
606

 
1

Real Estate Banking
129

 
113

 
14

 
245

 
225

 
9

Other
79

 
79

 

 
162

 
163

 
(1
)
Total Commercial Banking net revenue
$
1,701

 
$
1,728

 
(2
)%
 
$
3,352

 
$
3,401

 
(1
)%
Financial ratios
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Return on common equity
19%

 
18
%
 
 
 
18
%
 
18
%
 
 
Overhead ratio
40

 
38

 
 
 
41

 
38

 
 
(a)
Includes revenue from investment banking products and commercial card transactions.
(b)
Total net revenue included tax-equivalent adjustments from income tax credits related to equity investments in designated community development entities that provide loans to qualified businesses in low-income communities, as well as tax-exempt income from municipal bond activity of $105 million and $90 million for the three months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively, and $209 million and $183 million for the six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively.
(c)
Represents the total revenue related to investment banking products sold to CB clients.

40


Quarterly results
Net income was $658 million, up 6% compared with the prior year, reflecting a lower provision for credit losses, partially offset by higher noninterest expense and lower net revenue.
Net revenue was $1.7 billion, a decrease of $27 million, or 2%, compared with the prior year. Net interest income was $1.1 billion, a decrease of $53 million, or 5%, compared with the prior year, reflecting spread compression and lower purchase discounts recognized on loan repayments, partially offset by higher loan balances. Noninterest revenue was $577 million, an increase of $26 million, or 5%, compared with the prior year, driven by higher investment banking revenue.
Noninterest expense was $675 million, up 4% compared with the prior year, largely reflecting higher investments in controls.
 
Year-to-date results
Net income was $1.2 billion, up 2%, compared with the prior year, reflecting a lower provision for credit losses, predominantly offset by higher noninterest expense and lower net revenue.
Net revenue was $3.4 billion, a decrease of $49 million, or 1%, compared with the prior year. Net interest income was $2.2 billion, a decrease of $98 million, or 4%, reflecting spread compression and lower purchase discounts recognized on loan repayments, partially offset by higher loan and liability balances. Noninterest revenue was $1.1 billion, up $49 million, or 5%, driven by higher investment banking revenue.
Noninterest expense was $1.4 billion, an increase of $65 million, or 5%, from the prior year, largely reflecting higher investments in controls.


Selected metrics
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
As of or for the three months
ended June 30,
 
As of or for the six months
ended June 30,
(in millions, except headcount)
2014
 
2013
 
Change
 
2014
 
2013
 
Change
Selected balance sheet data (period-end)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total assets
$
192,523

 
$
184,124

 
5
%
 
$
192,523

 
$
184,124

 
5
%
Loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loans retained
141,181

 
130,487

 
8

 
141,181

 
130,487

 
8

Loans held-for-sale and loans at fair value
1,094

 
430

 
154

 
1,094

 
430

 
154

Total loans
$
142,275

 
$
130,917

 
9

 
$
142,275

 
$
130,917

 
9

Equity
14,000

 
13,500

 
4

 
14,000

 
13,500

 
4

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Period-end loans by client segment
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Middle Market Banking
$
53,247

 
$
52,053

 
2

 
$
53,247

 
$
52,053

 
2

Corporate Client Banking
21,585

 
19,933

 
8

 
21,585

 
19,933

 
8

Commercial Term Lending
50,986

 
45,865

 
11

 
50,986

 
45,865

 
11

Real Estate Banking
11,903

 
9,395

 
27

 
11,903

 
9,395

 
27

Other
4,554

 
3,671

 
24

 
4,554

 
3,671

 
24

Total Commercial Banking loans
$
142,275

 
$
130,917

 
9

 
$
142,275

 
$
130,917

 
9

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Selected balance sheet data (average)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total assets
$
192,363

 
$
184,951

 
4

 
$
192,554

 
$
183,792

 
5

Loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loans retained
139,848

 
130,338

 
7

 
138,259

 
129,419

 
7

Loans held-for-sale and loans at fair value
982

 
1,251

 
(22
)
 
1,010

 
1,027

 
(2
)
Total loans
$
140,830

 
$
131,589

 
7

 
$
139,269

 
$
130,446

 
7

Client deposits and other third-party liabilities
199,979

 
195,232

 
2

 
201,453

 
195,598

 
3

Equity
14,000

 
13,500

 
4

 
14,000

 
13,500

 
4

Average loans by client segment
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Middle Market Banking
$
52,763

 
$
52,205

 
1

 
$
52,255

 
$
52,110

 

Corporate Client Banking
21,435

 
21,344

 

 
21,138

 
21,203

 

Commercial Term Lending
50,451

 
45,087

 
12

 
49,926

 
44,469

 
12

Real Estate Banking
11,724

 
9,277

 
26

 
11,567

 
8,979

 
29

Other
4,457

 
3,676

 
21

 
4,383

 
3,685

 
19

Total Commercial Banking loans
$
140,830

 
$
131,589

 
7

 
$
139,269

 
$
130,446

 
7

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Headcount
7,155

 
6,660

 
7
%
 
7,155

 
6,660

 
7
%

41


Selected metrics
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
As of or for the three months
ended June 30,
 
As of or for the six months
ended June 30,
(in millions, except ratios)
2014
 
2013
 
Change
 
2014
 
2013
 
Change
Credit data and quality statistics
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net charge-offs/(recoveries)
$
(26
)
 
$
9

 
NM
 
$
(40
)
 
$
2

 
NM 
Nonperforming assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Nonaccrual loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Nonaccrual loans retained(a)
429

 
505

 
(15
)%
 
429

 
505

 
(15
)
Nonaccrual loans held-for-sale and loans at fair value
17

 
8

 
113

 
17

 
8

 
113

Total nonaccrual loans
446

 
513

 
(13
)
 
446

 
513

 
(13
)
Assets acquired in loan satisfactions
12

 
30

 
(60
)
 
12

 
30

 
(60
)
Total nonperforming assets
458

 
543

 
(16
)
 
458

 
543

 
(16
)
Allowance for credit losses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Allowance for loan losses
2,637

 
2,691

 
(2
)
 
2,637

 
2,691

 
(2
)
Allowance for lending-related commitments
155

 
183

 
(15
)
 
155

 
183

 
(15
)
Total allowance for credit losses
2,792

 
2,874

 
(3
)%
 
2,792

 
2,874

 
(3
)%
Net charge-off/(recovery) rate(b)
(0.07
)%
 
0.03
%
 
 
 
(0.06
)%
 

 
 
Allowance for loan losses to period-end loans retained
1.87

 
2.06

 
 
 
1.87

 
2.06

 
 
Allowance for loan losses to nonaccrual loans retained(a)
615

 
533

 
 
 
615

 
533

 
 
Nonaccrual loans to total period-end loans
0.31

 
0.39

 
 
 
0.31

 
0.39

 
 
(a)
Allowance for loan losses of $75 million and $79 million was held against nonaccrual loans retained at June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively.
(b)
Loans held-for-sale and loans at fair value were excluded when calculating the net charge-off/(recovery) rate.

42


ASSET MANAGEMENT
For a discussion of the business profile of AM, see pages 106–108 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report and the Introduction on page 5 of this Form 10-Q.
Selected income statement data
 
Three months ended June 30,
 
Six months ended June 30,
(in millions, except ratios)
2014
 
2013
 
Change
 
2014
 
2013
 
Change
Revenue
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Asset management, administration and commissions
$
2,242

 
$
2,018

 
11
%
 
$
4,342

 
$
3,901

 
11
%
All other income
138

 
138

 

 
256

 
349

 
(27
)
Noninterest revenue
2,380

 
2,156

 
10

 
4,598

 
4,250

 
8

Net interest income
576

 
569

 
1

 
1,136

 
1,128

 
1

Total net revenue
2,956

 
2,725

 
8

 
5,734

 
5,378

 
7

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Provision for credit losses
1

 
23

 
(96
)
 
(8
)
 
44

 
NM 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Noninterest expense
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Compensation expense
1,231

 
1,155

 
7

 
2,487

 
2,325

 
7

Noncompensation expense
811

 
716

 
13

 
1,610

 
1,400

 
15

Amortization of intangibles
20

 
21

 
(5
)
 
40

 
43

 
(7
)
Total noninterest expense
2,062

 
1,892

 
9

 
4,137

 
3,768

 
10

Income before income tax expense
893

 
810

 
10

 
1,605

 
1,566

 
2

Income tax expense
341

 
310

 
10

 
612

 
579

 
6

Net income
$
552

 
$
500

 
10

 
$
993

 
$
987

 
1

Revenue by client segment(a)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Private Banking
$
1,556

 
$
1,479

 
5

 
$
3,065

 
$
2,925

 
5

Institutional
571

 
568

 
1

 
1,071

 
1,135

 
(6
)
Retail
829

 
678

 
22

 
1,598

 
1,318

 
21

Total net revenue
$
2,956

 
$
2,725

 
8
%
 
$
5,734

 
$
5,378

 
7
%
Financial ratios
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Return on common equity
25
%
 
22
%
 
 
 
22
%
 
22
%
 
 
Overhead ratio
70

 
69

 
 
 
72

 
70

 
 
Pretax margin ratio
30

 
30

 
 
 
28

 
29

 
 
(a)
Effective January 1, 2014, prior period amounts were reclassified to conform with current period presentation.

Quarterly results
Net income was $552 million, an increase of $52 million, or 10%, from the prior year, reflecting higher net revenue, largely offset by higher noninterest expense.
Net revenue was $3.0 billion, an increase of $231 million, or 8%, from the prior year. Noninterest revenue was $2.4 billion, up $224 million, or 10%, from the prior year, due to net client inflows and the effect of higher market levels. Net interest income was $576 million, up $7 million, or 1%, from the prior year, due to higher loan and deposit balances, largely offset by spread compression.
Noninterest expense was $2.1 billion, an increase of $170 million, or 9%, from the prior year, primarily due to continued investment in controls and growth.
 
Year-to-date results
Net income was $993 million, an increase of $6 million, or 1%, from the prior year, reflecting higher noninterest revenue and lower provision for credit losses, predominantly offset by higher noninterest expense.
Net revenue was $5.7 billion, an increase of $356 million, or 7%, from the prior year. Noninterest revenue was $4.6 billion, up $348 million, or 8%, from the prior year, due to net client inflows and the effect of higher market levels, partially offset by lower valuations of seed capital investments. Net interest income was $1.1 billion, up $8 million, or 1%, from the prior year, due to higher loan and deposit balances, largely offset by spread compression.
Noninterest expense was $4.1 billion, an increase of $369 million, or 10%, from the prior year, primarily due to continued investment in controls and growth.


43


Selected metrics
As of or for the three months
ended June 30,
 
As of or for the six months
ended June 30,
(in millions, except headcount, ranking data and where otherwise noted)
2014
 
2013
 
Change
 
2014
 
2013
 
Change
Number of:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Client advisors
2,828

 
2,804

 
1
%
 
2,828

 
2,804

 
1
%
% of customer assets in 4 & 5 Star Funds(a)
51
%
 
52
%
 
 
 
51
%
 
52
%
 
 
% of AUM in 1st and 2nd quartiles:(b)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1 year
48

 
73

 
 
 
48

 
73

 
 
3 years
67

 
77

 
 
 
67

 
77

 
 
5 years
69

 
76

 
 
 
69

 
76

 
 
Selected balance sheet data (period-end)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total assets
$
128,362

 
$
115,157

 
11

 
$
128,362

 
$
115,157

 
11

Loans(c)
100,907

 
86,043

 
17

 
100,907

 
86,043

 
17

Deposits
145,655

 
137,289

 
6

 
145,655

 
137,289

 
6

Equity
9,000

 
9,000

 

 
9,000

 
9,000

 

Selected balance sheet data (average)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total assets
$
125,492

 
$
111,431

 
13

 
$
124,088

 
$
109,681

 
13

Loans
98,695

 
83,621

 
18

 
97,186

 
81,821

 
19

Deposits
147,747

 
136,577

 
8

 
148,585

 
138,001

 
8

Equity
9,000

 
9,000

 

 
9,000

 
9,000

 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Headcount
20,322

 
19,026

 
7
%
 
20,322

 
19,026

 
7
%

(a)
Derived from Morningstar for the U.S., the U.K., Luxembourg, France, Hong Kong and Taiwan; and Nomura for Japan.
(b)
Quartile ranking sourced from: Lipper for the U.S. and Taiwan; Morningstar for the U.K., Luxembourg, France and Hong Kong; and Nomura for Japan.
(c)
Included $20.4 billion and $14.8 billion of prime mortgage loans reported in the Consumer, excluding credit card, loan portfolio at June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively. For the same periods, excluded $3.2 billion and $4.8 billion of prime mortgage loans reported in the CIO portfolio within the Corporate/Private Equity segment, respectively.

Selected metrics
As of or for the three months
ended June 30,
 
As of or for the six months
ended June 30,
(in millions, except ratios and where otherwise noted)
2014
 
2013
 
Change
 
2014
 
2013
 
Change
Credit data and quality statistics
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net charge-offs
$
(13
)
 
$
4

 
NM
 
$
(8
)
 
$
27

 
NM 
Nonaccrual loans
182

 
244

 
(25
)%
 
182

 
244

 
(25
)%
Allowance for credit losses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Allowance for loan losses
276

 
270

 
2

 
276

 
270

 
2

Allowance for lending-related commitments
5

 
6

 
(17
)
 
5

 
6

 
(17
)
Total allowance for credit losses
281

 
276

 
2

 
281

 
276

 
2

Net charge-off rate
(0.05
)%
 
0.02
%
 
 
 
(0.02
)%
 
0.07
%
 
 
Allowance for loan losses to period-end loans
0.27

 
0.31

 
 
 
0.27

 
0.31

 
 
Allowance for loan losses to nonaccrual loans
152

 
111

 
 
 
152

 
111

 
 
Nonaccrual loans to period-end loans
0.18

 
0.28

 
 
 
0.18

 
0.28

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AM firmwide disclosures(a)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total net revenue
$
3,606

 
$
3,226

 
12

 
$
6,993

 
$
6,338

 
10

Client assets (in billions)(b)
2,680

 
2,323

 
15

 
2,680

 
2,323

 
15

Number of client advisors
5,904

 
5,828

 
1
%
 
5,904

 
5,828

 
1
%
(a)
Includes Chase Wealth Management (“CWM”), which is a unit of Consumer & Business Banking. The firmwide metrics are presented in order to capture AM’s partnership with CWM.
(b)
Excludes CWM client assets that are managed by AM.

44


Client assets
Client assets were $2.5 trillion, an increase of $316 billion, or 15%, compared with the prior year. Assets under management were $1.7 trillion, an increase of $237 billion, or 16%, from the prior year, due to the effect of higher market levels and net inflows to long-term products.
 
Custody, brokerage, administration and deposit balances were $766 billion, up $79 billion, or 11%, from the prior year, due to the effect of higher market levels and custody inflows, partially offset by brokerage outflows.

Client assets
June 30,
(in billions)
2014
 
2013
 
Change
Assets by asset class
 
 
 
 
 
Liquidity
$
435

 
$
431

 
1
%
Fixed income
367

 
325

 
13

Equity
390

 
316

 
23

Multi-asset and alternatives
515

 
398

 
29

Total assets under management
1,707

 
1,470

 
16

Custody/brokerage/administration/deposits
766

 
687

 
11

Total client assets
$
2,473

 
$
2,157

 
15

 
 
 
 
 
 
Memo:
 
 
 
 
 
Alternative client assets(a)
$
163

 
$
147

 
11

 
 
 
 
 
 
Assets by client segment
 
 
 
 
 
Private Banking
$
383

 
$
340

 
13

Institutional
798

 
723

 
10

Retail
526

 
407

 
29

Total assets under management
$
1,707

 
$
1,470

 
16

Private Banking
$
1,012

 
$
910

 
11

Institutional
798

 
723

 
10

Retail
663

 
524

 
27

Total client assets
$
2,473

 
$
2,157

 
15

Mutual fund assets by asset class
 
 
 
 
 
Liquidity
$
377

 
$
379

 
(1
)
Fixed income
147

 
139

 
6

Equity
214

 
164

 
30

Multi-asset and alternatives
120

 
60

 
100

Total mutual fund assets
$
858

 
$
742

 
16
%
(a) Represents assets under management, as well as client balances in brokerage accounts.

 
Three months ended June 30,
 
Six months ended June 30,
(in billions)
2014
 
2013
 
2014
 
2013
Assets under management rollforward
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Beginning balance
$
1,648

 
$
1,483

 
$
1,598

 
$
1,426

Net asset flows:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Liquidity
(11
)
 
(22
)
 
(17
)
 
(24
)
Fixed income
20

 
4

 
25

 
6

Equity

 
7

 
3

 
22

Multi-asset and alternatives
14

 
14

 
26

 
27

Market/performance/other impacts
36

 
(16
)
 
72

 
13

Ending balance, June 30
$
1,707

 
$
1,470

 
$
1,707

 
$
1,470

Client assets rollforward
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Beginning balance
$
2,394

 
$
2,171

 
$
2,343

 
$
2,095

Net asset flows
21

 
(4
)
 
36

 
16

Market/performance/other impacts
58

 
(10
)
 
94

 
46

Ending balance, June 30
$
2,473

 
$
2,157

 
$
2,473

 
$
2,157



45


International metrics
As of or for the three months
ended June 30,
 
As of or for the six months
ended June 30,
(in billions, except where otherwise noted)
2014
 
2013
 
Change
 
2014
 
2013
 
Change
Total net revenue
(in millions)(a)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Europe/Middle East/Africa
$
518

 
$
435

 
19
%
 
$
995

 
$
872

 
14
%
Asia/Pacific
289

 
291

 
(1
)
 
565

 
568

 
(1
)
Latin America/Caribbean
214

 
230

 
(7
)
 
413

 
436

 
(5
)
North America
1,935

 
1,769

 
9

 
3,761

 
3,502

 
7

Total net revenue
$
2,956

 
$
2,725

 
8

 
$
5,734

 
$
5,378

 
7

Assets under management
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Europe/Middle East/Africa
$
327

 
$
261

 
25

 
$
327

 
$
261

 
25

Asia/Pacific
138

 
124

 
11

 
138

 
124

 
11

Latin America/Caribbean
48

 
40

 
20

 
48

 
40

 
20

North America
1,194

 
1,045

 
14

 
1,194

 
1,045

 
14

Total assets under management
$
1,707

 
$
1,470

 
16

 
$
1,707

 
$
1,470

 
16

Client assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Europe/Middle East/Africa
$
393

 
$
317

 
24

 
$
393

 
$
317

 
24

Asia/Pacific
186

 
171

 
9

 
186

 
171

 
9

Latin America/Caribbean
119

 
105

 
13

 
119

 
105

 
13

North America
1,775

 
1,564

 
13

 
1,775

 
1,564

 
13

Total client assets
$
2,473

 
$
2,157

 
15
%
 
$
2,473

 
$
2,157

 
15
%
(a) Regional revenue is based on the domicile of the client.



46


CORPORATE/PRIVATE EQUITY
For a discussion of Corporate/Private Equity, see pages 109–111 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report and the Introduction on page 5 of this Form 10-Q.
Selected income statement data
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
As of or for the three months
ended June 30,
 
As of or for the six months
ended June 30,
(in millions, except headcount)
2014

2013

 
Change

 
2014

 
2013

 
Change
Revenue
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Principal transactions
$
28

$
393

 
(93
)%
 
$
378

 
$
131

 
189
%
Securities gains
11

124

 
(91
)
 
37

 
633

 
(94
)
All other income
312

(227
)
 
NM

 
460

 
(113
)
 
NM 
Noninterest revenue
351

290

 
21

 
875

 
651

 
34

Net interest income
(81
)
(676
)
 
88

 
(237
)
 
(1,270
)
 
81

Total net revenue(a)
270

(386
)
 
NM

 
638

 
(619
)
 
NM 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Provision for credit losses
(10
)
5

 
NM

 
(21
)
 
2

 
NM 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Noninterest expense
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Compensation expense
693

624

 
11

 
1,380

 
1,197

 
15

Noncompensation expense(b)
1,091

1,345

 
(19
)
 
1,774

 
1,987

 
(11
)
Subtotal
1,784

1,969

 
(9
)
 
3,154

 
3,184

 
(1
)
Net expense allocated to other businesses
(1,604
)
(1,253
)
 
(28
)
 
(3,140
)
 
(2,466
)
 
(27
)
Total noninterest expense
180

716

 
(75
)
 
14

 
718

 
(98
)
Income/(loss) before income tax expense/(benefit)
100

(1,107
)
 
NM
 
645

 
(1,339
)
 
NM 

Income tax expense/(benefit)
(269
)
(555
)
 
52

 
(64
)
 
(1,037
)
 
94

Net income/(loss)
$
369

$
(552
)
 
NM
 
$
709

 
$
(302
)
 
NM 

Total net revenue
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Private equity
$
36

$
410

 
(91
)
 
$
399

 
$
134

 
198

Treasury and CIO
87

(648
)
 
NM

 
89

 
(535
)
 
NM 

Other Corporate
147

(148
)
 
NM

 
150

 
(218
)
 
NM 

Total net revenue
$
270

$
(386
)
 
NM

 
$
638

 
$
(619
)
 
NM 

Net income/(loss)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Private equity
$
7

$
212

 
(97
)
 
$
222

 
$
30

 
NM 

Treasury and CIO
(46
)
(429
)
 
89

 
(140
)
 
(405
)
 
65

Other Corporate
408

(335
)
 
NM

 
627

 
73

 
NM 

Total net income/(loss)
$
369

$
(552
)
 
NM

 
$
709

 
$
(302
)
 
NM 

Total assets (period-end)
$
878,886

$
806,044

 
9

 
$
878,886

 
$
806,044

 
9

Headcount
24,298

18,720

 
30
%
 
24,298

 
18,720

 
30
%
(a)
Included tax-equivalent adjustments, predominantly due to tax-exempt income from municipal bond investments of $180 million and $105 million for the three months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively, and $344 million and $208 million for the six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively.
(b)
Included legal expense of $227 million and $603 million for the three months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively, and $225 million and $595 million for the six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013.

47


Quarterly results
Net income was $369 million, compared with a net loss of $552 million in the prior year.
Private Equity reported a net income of $7 million, compared with net income of $212 million in the prior year. Net revenue was $36 million, compared with $410 million in the prior year, primarily due to lower net valuation gains on privately held investments.
Treasury and CIO reported a net loss of $46 million, compared with a net loss of $429 million in the prior year. Net revenue was $87 million, compared with a loss of $648 million in the prior year. Current-quarter net interest income was a loss of $10 million, compared with a loss of $558 million in the prior year, reflecting the benefit of higher interest rates and reinvestment opportunities.
Other Corporate reported net income of $408 million, compared with a net loss of $335 million in the prior year. The current quarter included $227 million of legal expense, compared with $604 million of legal expense in the prior year. The current quarter included an after-tax benefit of over $200 million for tax adjustments.
Year-to-date results
Net income was $709 million, compared with a net loss of $302 million in the prior year.
Private Equity reported net income of $222 million, compared with net income of $30 million in the prior year. Net revenue of $399 million was up from $134 million in the prior year, primarily due to higher net valuation gains on publicly held investments and net gains on sales.
 
Treasury and CIO reported a net loss of $140 million, compared with a net loss of $405 million in the prior year. Securities gains were $37 million, compared with $626 million in the prior year, due to the repositioning of the investment securities portfolio. Net revenue was a gain of $89 million, compared with a loss of $535 million in the prior year. Net interest income was a loss of $97 million compared with a loss of $1.0 billion in the prior year, reflecting the benefit of higher interest rates and reinvestment opportunities.
Other Corporate reported net income of $627 million, compared with net income of $73 million in the prior year. The current year included $224 million of legal expense compared with $595 million of legal expense in the prior year. The current year included an after-tax benefit of over$100 million for tax adjustments, compared with an after-tax benefit of over $200 million for tax adjustments in the prior year.
Treasury and CIO overview
Treasury and CIO are predominantly responsible for measuring, monitoring, reporting and managing the Firm’s liquidity, funding and structural interest rate and foreign exchange risks, as well as executing the Firm’s capital plan. For further discussion of Treasury and CIO, see page 110 of the Firm’s 2013 Annual Report.
At June 30, 2014, the total Treasury and CIO investment securities portfolio was $354.0 billion; the average credit rating of the securities comprising the Treasury and CIO investment securities portfolio was AA+ (based on external ratings where available and where not available, based primarily upon internal ratings that correspond to ratings as defined by S&P and Moody’s). See Note 11 for further information on the details of the Firm’s investment securities portfolio.
For further information on liquidity and funding risk, see Liquidity Risk Management on pages 81–85. For information on interest rate, foreign exchange and other risks, Treasury and CIO Value-at-risk (“VaR”) and the Firm’s structural interest rate-sensitive revenue at risk (“Earnings-at-risk”), see Market Risk Management on pages 69–71.

Selected income statement and balance sheet data
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
As of or for the three
 months ended June 30,
 
As of or for the six
months ended June 30,
(in millions)
2014

 
2013

 
Change

 
2014

 
2013

 
Change

Securities gains
$
11

 
$
123

 
(91
)%
 
$
37

 
$
626

 
(94
)%
Investment securities portfolio (average)(a)
348,841

 
355,920

 
(2
)
 
347,004

 
360,753

 
(4
)
Investment securities portfolio (period-end)(b)
353,989

 
349,044

 
1

 
353,989

 
349,044

 
1

Mortgage loans (average)
3,425

 
5,556

 
(38
)
 
3,547

 
6,033

 
(41
)
Mortgage loans (period-end)
3,295

 
4,955

 
(34
)
 
3,295

 
4,955

 
(34
)
(a)
Average investment securities included held-to-maturity balances of $47.5 billion for the three months ended June 30, 2014 and $45.7 billion for the six months ended June 30, 2014. Held-to-maturity average balances for the three and six months ended June 30, 2013 were not material.
(b)
Period-end investment securities included held-to-maturity balance of $47.8 billion at June 30, 2014. Held-to-maturity balance at June 30, 2013, was not material.

48


Private Equity Portfolio
 
 
 
 
 
 
Selected income statement and balance sheet data
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Three months ended June 30,
 
Six months ended June 30,
(in millions)
2014

 
2013

 
Change

 
2014

 
2013

 
Change

Private equity gains/(losses)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Realized gains/(losses)
$
513

 
$
40

 
NM

 
$
972

 
$
88

 
NM 

Unrealized gains/(losses)(a)
(467
)
 
375

 
NM

 
(527
)
 
48

 
NM 

Total direct investments
46

 
415

 
(89
)%
 
445

 
136

 
227
%
Third-party fund investments
19

 
24

 
(21
)
 
18

 
44

 
(59
)
Total private equity gains/(losses)(b)
$
65

 
$
439

 
(85
)%
 
$
463

 
$
180

 
157
%
(a)
Unrealized gains/(losses) contain reversals of unrealized gains and losses that were recognized in prior periods and have now been realized.
(b)
Included in principal transactions revenue in the Consolidated Statements of Income.
Private equity portfolio information(a)
 
 
(in millions)
June 30, 2014
 
December 31, 2013
 
Change

Publicly held securities
 
 
 
 
 
Carrying value
$
657

 
$
1,035

 
(37
)%
Cost
373

 
672

 
(44
)
Quoted public value
673

 
1,077

 
(38
)
Privately held direct securities
 
 
 
 
 
Carrying value
4,541

 
5,065

 
(10
)
Cost
5,756

 
6,022

 
(4
)
Third-party fund investments(b)
 
 
 
 
 
Carrying value
570

 
1,768

 
(68
)
Cost
605

 
1,797

 
(66
)
Total private equity portfolio
 
 
 
 
 
Carrying value
$
5,768

 
$
7,868

 
(27
)%
Cost
6,734

 
8,491

 
(21
)
(a)
For more information on the Firm’s methodologies regarding the valuation of the private equity portfolio, see Note 3 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.
(b)
Unfunded commitments to third-party private equity funds were $130 million and $215 million at June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, respectively.

The carrying value of the private equity portfolio at June 30, 2014 was $5.8 billion, down from $7.9 billion at December 31, 2013. The decrease in the portfolio was predominantly driven by sales of investments, partially offset by unrealized gains.

49


ENTERPRISE-WIDE RISK MANAGEMENT
Risk is an inherent part of JPMorgan Chase’s business activities. The Firm employs a holistic approach to risk management that is intended to ensure the broad spectrum of risk types inherent in the Firm’s business activities are considered in managing its business activities.
The Firm believes effective risk management requires:
Personal responsibility for risk management, including identification and escalation of risk issues by all individuals within the Firm;
Ownership of risk management within each line of business; and
Firmwide structures for risk governance and oversight.
Firmwide Risk Management is overseen and managed on an enterprise-wide basis. The Firm’s Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”), Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”), Chief Risk Officer (“CRO”) and Chief Operating Officer (“COO”) develop and set the risk management framework and governance structure for the Firm, which is intended to provide comprehensive controls and ongoing management of the
 
major risks inherent in the Firm’s business activities. The Firm’s risk management framework is designed to create a culture of risk transparency and awareness and personal responsibility throughout the Firm where collaboration, discussion, escalation and sharing of information are encouraged. The CEO, CFO, CRO and COO are ultimately responsible and accountable to the Firm’s Board of Directors.
Employees are expected to operate with the highest standards of integrity and identify, escalate, and actively manage risk issues. The Firm’s risk culture strives for continual improvement through ongoing employee training and development, as well as talent retention. The Firm also approaches its incentive compensation arrangements through an integrated risk, compensation and financial management framework to encourage a culture of risk awareness and personal accountability. The Firm’s overall objective in managing risk is to protect the safety and soundness of the Firm, and avoid excessive risk taking.


The following provides an index of key risk management disclosures. For further information on these disclosures, refer to the page references noted below in both this Form 10-Q and JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.
Risk disclosure
Form 10-Q page reference
Annual Report page reference
Enterprise- Wide Risk Management
50
113–116
Risk governance
 
114-116
Credit Risk Management
51-68
117–141
Credit Portfolio
 
119
Consumer Credit Portfolio
52-59
120-129
Wholesale Credit Portfolio
60-65
130-138
Community Reinvestment Act Exposure
66
138
Allowance For Credit Losses
66-68
139-141
Market Risk Management
69-71
142-148
Risk identification and classification
 
142-143
Value-at-risk
69-71
144-146
Economic-value stress testing
 
147
Earnings-at-risk
71
147-148
Risk monitoring and control: Limits
 
148
Country Risk Management
72
149-152
Model risk
 
153
Principal Risk Management
 
154
Operational Risk Management
73
155-157
Operational Risk Capital Measurement
73
 
Cybersecurity
73
156
Business resiliency
 
157
Legal Risk, Regulatory Risk, and Compliance Risk Management
 
158
Fiduciary Risk management
 
159
Reputation Risk Management
 
159
Capital Management
74-80
160-167
Liquidity Risk Management
81-85
168-173
Funding
81-84
168-172
HQLA
84
172
Contingency funding plan
85
172
Credit ratings
85
173


50


CREDIT RISK MANAGEMENT
Credit risk is the risk of loss from obligor or counterparty default. The Firm provides credit to a variety of customers, ranging from large corporate and institutional clients to individual consumers and small businesses.
For a further discussion of the Firm’s Credit Risk Management framework and organization, and the identification, monitoring and management of credit risks, see Credit Risk Management on pages 117–141 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.
In the following tables, reported loans include loans retained (i.e., held-for-investment); loans held-for-sale (which are carried at the lower of cost or fair value, with valuation changes recorded in noninterest revenue); and certain loans accounted for at fair value. In addition, the Firm records certain loans accounted for at fair value in trading assets. For further information regarding these loans see Note 3 of this Form 10-Q. For additional information on the Firm’s loans and derivative receivables, including the Firm’s accounting policies, see Note 13 and Note 5 of this Form 10-Q.
For further information regarding the credit risk inherent in the Firm’s investment securities portfolio, see Note 11 of this Form 10-Q and Note 12 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.
For information on the changes in the credit portfolio, see Consumer Credit Portfolio on pages 52–59, and Wholesale Credit Portfolio on pages 60–65 of this Form 10-Q.
Total credit portfolio
 
 
 
 
 
Credit exposure
 
Nonperforming(b)(c)(d)
(in millions)
Jun 30,
2014
Dec 31,
2013
 
Jun 30,
2014
Dec 31,
2013
Loans retained
$
735,369

$
724,177

 
$
7,634

$
8,317

Loans held-for-sale
7,311

12,230

 
176

26

Loans at fair value
4,303

2,011

 
171

197

Total loans – reported
746,983

738,418

 
7,981

8,540

Derivative receivables
62,378

65,759

 
361

415

Receivables from customers and other
31,732

26,883

 


Total credit-related assets
841,093

831,060

 
8,342

8,955

Assets acquired in loan satisfactions
 
 
 
 
 
Real estate owned
NA

NA

 
638

710

Other
NA

NA

 
37

41

Total assets acquired in loan satisfactions
NA

NA

 
675

751

Total assets
841,093

831,060

 
9,017

9,706

Lending-related commitments
1,041,373

1,031,672

 
122

206

Total credit portfolio
$
1,882,466

$
1,862,732

 
$
9,139

$
9,912

Credit portfolio management derivatives notional, net(a)
$
(34,971
)
$
(27,996
)
 
$

$
(5
)
Liquid securities and other cash collateral held against derivatives
(13,240
)
(14,435
)
 
NA

NA


 
(in millions,
except ratios)
Three months
ended June 30,
 
Six months
ended June 30,
2014
2013
 
2014
2013
Net charge-offs
$
1,158

$
1,403

 
$
2,427

$
3,128

Average retained loans
 
 
 
 
 
Loans – reported
727,030

720,290

 
723,798

719,684

Loans – reported, excluding residential real estate PCI loans
676,168

662,776

 
672,166

661,382

Net charge-off rates
 
 
 
 
 
Loans – reported
0.64
%
0.78
%
 
0.68
%
0.88
%
Loans – reported, excluding PCI
0.69

0.85

 
0.73

0.95

(a)
Represents the net notional amount of protection purchased and sold through credit derivatives used to manage both performing and nonperforming wholesale credit exposures; these derivatives do not qualify for hedge accounting under U.S. GAAP. For additional information, see Credit derivatives on page 65 and Note 5.
(b)
Excludes PCI loans. The Firm is recognizing interest income on each pool of PCI loans as they are all performing.
(c)
At June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, nonperforming assets excluded: (1) mortgage loans insured by U.S. government agencies of $8.1 billion and $8.4 billion, respectively, that are 90 or more days past due; (2) real estate owned insured by U.S. government agencies of $2.1 billion and $2.0 billion, respectively; and (3) student loans insured by U.S. government agencies under the FFELP of $316 million and $428 million, respectively, that are 90 or more days past due. These amounts have been excluded from nonaccrual loans based upon the government guarantee. In addition, the Firm’s policy is generally to exempt credit card loans from being placed on nonaccrual status as permitted by regulatory guidance issued by the Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council (“FFIEC”).
(d)
At June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, total nonaccrual loans represented 1.07% and 1.16%, respectively, of total loans.




51


CONSUMER CREDIT PORTFOLIO
JPMorgan Chase’s consumer portfolio consists primarily of residential real estate loans, credit card loans, auto loans, business banking loans, and student loans. The Firm’s focus is on serving the prime segment of the consumer credit market. For further information on consumer loans, see Note 13 of this Form 10-Q and Consumer Credit Portfolio on pages 120–129 and Note 14 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.

 
The credit performance of the consumer portfolio continues to benefit from the improvement in the economy and home prices. Early-stage residential real estate delinquencies (30–89 days delinquent), excluding government guaranteed loans, declined during the first half of the year. Late-stage delinquencies (150+ days delinquent) continued to decline but remain elevated. The elevated level of the late-stage delinquent loans is due to loss mitigation activities currently being undertaken and to elongated foreclosure processing timelines. Losses related to these loans continue to be recognized in accordance with the Firm’s standard charge-off practices, but some delinquent loans that would otherwise have been foreclosed upon remain in the mortgage and home equity loan portfolios. The Credit Card 30+ day delinquency rate is at a historic low and continues to improve.


52


The following table presents consumer credit-related information with respect to the credit portfolio held by CCB as well as for prime mortgage loans held in the Asset Management and the Corporate/Private Equity segments for the dates indicated.
Consumer credit portfolio
 
 
 
 
 
 
Three months ended June 30,
 
Six months ended June 30,

(in millions, except ratios)
Credit exposure
 
Nonaccrual
loans(f)(g)
 
Net charge-offs/(recoveries)(h)
 
Average annual net charge-off/(recovery) rate(h)(i)
 
Net charge-offs/(recoveries)(h)
 
Average annual net charge-off/(recovery) rate(h)(i)
Jun 30,
2014
 
Dec 31,
2013
 
Jun 30,
2014
Dec 31,
2013
 
2014
2013
 
2014
2013
 
2014
2013
 
2014
2013
Consumer, excluding credit card
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loans, excluding PCI loans and loans held-for-sale
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Home equity – senior lien
$
16,222

 
$
17,113

 
$
909

$
932

 
$
19

$
32

 
0.46
 %
0.69
%
 
$
46

$
75

 
0.55
 %
0.80
%
Home equity – junior lien
38,263

 
40,750

 
1,671

1,876

 
106

204

 
1.09

1.82

 
245

494

 
1.25

2.17

Prime mortgage, including option ARMs
93,239

 
87,162

 
2,455

2,666

 
(6
)
22

 
(0.03
)
0.11

 
(9
)
72

 
(0.02
)
0.19

Subprime mortgage
6,552

 
7,104

 
1,273

1,390

 
(5
)
33

 
(0.30
)
1.69

 
8

100

 
0.23

2.52

Auto(a)
53,042

 
52,757

 
103

161

 
29

23

 
0.22

0.18

 
70

63

 
0.27

0.25

Business banking
19,453

 
18,951

 
326

385

 
69

74

 
1.44

1.59

 
145

135

 
1.53

1.46

Student and other
11,325

 
11,557

 
170

86

 
105

68

 
3.70

2.30

 
180

125

 
3.17

2.11

Total loans, excluding PCI loans and loans held-for-sale
238,096

 
235,394

 
6,907

7,496

 
317

456

 
0.54

0.79

 
685

1,064

 
0.58

0.92

Loans – PCI
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Home equity
18,070

 
18,927

 
NA

NA

 
NA

NA

 
NA
NA
 
NA

NA

 
NA
NA
Prime mortgage
11,302

 
12,038

 
NA

NA

 
NA

NA

 
NA
NA
 
NA

NA

 
NA
NA
Subprime mortgage
3,947

 
4,175

 
NA

NA

 
NA

NA

 
NA
NA
 
NA

NA

 
NA
NA
Option ARMs
16,799

 
17,915

 
NA

NA

 
NA

NA

 
NA
NA
 
NA

NA

 
NA
NA
Total loans – PCI
50,118

 
53,055

 
NA

NA

 
NA

NA

 
NA
NA
 
NA

NA

 
NA
NA
Total loans – retained
288,214

 
288,449

 
6,907

7,496

 
317

456

 
0.44

0.63

 
685

1,064

 
0.48

0.74

Loans held-for-sale
964

(e) 
614

(e) 
163


 


 


 


 


Total consumer, excluding
credit card loans
289,178

 
289,063

 
7,070

7,496

 
317

456

 
0.44

0.63

 
685

1,064

 
0.48

0.74

Lending-related commitments(b)
56,410

 
56,057

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Receivables from customers(c)
104

 
139

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total consumer exposure, excluding credit card
345,692

 
345,259

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Credit card
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loans retained(d)
125,621

 
127,465

 


 
885

1,014

 
2.88

3.31

 
1,773

2,096

 
2.90

3.43

Loans held-for-sale
508

 
326

 


 


 


 


 


Total credit card loans
126,129

 
127,791

 


 
885

1,014

 
2.88

3.31

 
1,773

2,096

 
2.90

3.43

Lending-related commitments(c)
533,688

 
529,383

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total credit card exposure
659,817

 
657,174

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total consumer credit portfolio
$
1,005,509

 
$
1,002,433

 
$
7,070

$
7,496

 
$
1,202

$
1,470

 
1.17
 %
1.43
%
 
$
2,458

$
3,160

 
1.20
 %
1.54
%
Memo: Total consumer credit portfolio, excluding PCI
$
955,391

 
$
949,378

 
$
7,070

$
7,496

 
$
1,202

$
1,470

 
1.34
 %
1.66
%
 
$
2,458

$
3,160

 
1.38
 %
1.79
%
(a)
At June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, excluded operating lease-related assets of $6.1 billion and $5.5 billion, respectively.
(b)
Credit card and home equity lending-related commitments represent the total available lines of credit for these products. The Firm has not experienced, and does not anticipate, that all available lines of credit would be used at the same time. For credit card and home equity commitments (if certain conditions are met), the Firm can reduce or cancel these lines of credit by providing the borrower notice or, in some cases as permitted by law, without notice.
(c)
Receivables from customers represent margin loans to retail brokerage customers, and are included in accrued interest and accounts receivable on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
(d)
Includes accrued interest and fees net of an allowance for the uncollectible portion of accrued interest and fee income.
(e)
Predominantly represents prime mortgage loans held-for-sale.
(f)
At June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, nonaccrual loans excluded: (1) mortgage loans insured by U.S. government agencies of $8.1 billion and $8.4 billion, respectively, that are 90 or more days past due; and (2) student loans insured by U.S. government agencies under the FFELP of $316 million and $428 million, respectively, that are 90 or more days past due. These amounts have been excluded from nonaccrual loans based upon the government guarantee. In addition, the Firm’s policy is generally to exempt credit card loans from being placed on nonaccrual status as permitted by regulatory guidance.
(g)
Excludes PCI loans. The Firm is recognizing interest income on each pool of PCI loans as they are all performing.
(h)
Net charge-offs and the net charge-off rates excluded $48 million and $109 million of write-offs in the PCI portfolio for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014, respectively. These write-offs decreased the allowance for loan losses for PCI loans. See Consumer Credit Portfolio on pages 120–129 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report for further details.
(i)
Average consumer loans held-for-sale were $710 million and $8 million for the three months ended June 30, 2014, and 2013, respectively, and $683 million and $4 million, for the six months ended June 30, 2014, and 2013, respectively. These amounts were excluded when calculating net charge-off rates.


53


Consumer, excluding credit card
Portfolio analysis
Consumer loan balances were relatively flat during the six months ended June 30, 2014, as prime mortgage, business banking and auto originations were offset by paydowns and the charge-off or liquidation of delinquent loans. Credit performance has improved across most portfolios but delinquent residential real estate loans and home equity charge-offs remain elevated compared with pre-recessionary levels.
In the following discussion of loan and lending-related categories, PCI loans are excluded from individual loan product discussions and are addressed separately below. For further information about the Firm’s consumer portfolio, including information about delinquencies, loan modifications and other credit quality indicators, see Note 14 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.
Home equity: The home equity portfolio declined from year-end primarily reflecting loan paydowns and charge-offs. Early-stage delinquencies showed improvement from December 31, 2013. Late stage-delinquencies were flat to December 31, 2013 and continue to be elevated as improvement in the number of loans becoming severely delinquent was offset by higher average carrying values on these delinquent loans, reflecting improving collateral values. Both senior and junior lien nonaccrual loans decreased from December 31, 2013. Net charge-offs for both senior and junior lien home equity loans declined when compared with the same period of the prior year as a result of improvement in home prices and delinquencies.
Approximately 15% of the Firm’s home equity portfolio consists of home equity loans (“HELOANs”) and the remainder consists of home equity lines of credit (“HELOCs”). Approximately half of the HELOANs are senior liens and the remainder are junior liens. For further information on the Firm’s home equity portfolio, see Consumer Credit Portfolio on pages 120–129 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.
The unpaid principal balance of non-PCI HELOCs outstanding was $48 billion at June 30, 2014. Of this balance, approximately $29 billion have recently recast or are scheduled to recast from interest-only to fully amortizing payments over the next several years, with $4 billion recasting in 2014 and $7 billion per year scheduled to recast in 2015, 2016, and 2017. However, of the total $29 billion, $2 billion have already recast in 2014 and $11 billion are expected to recast. The remaining $16 billion represents loans to borrowers who are expected either to pre-pay (including borrowers who appear to have the ability to refinance based on the borrower’s LTV ratio and FICO risk score) or charge-off. The Firm has considered this payment recast risk in its allowance for loan losses based upon the estimated amount of payment shock (i.e., the excess of the fully-amortizing payment over the interest-only payment in effect prior to recast) expected to occur at the payment recast date, along with the corresponding estimated
 
probability of default and loss severity assumptions. Certain factors, such as future developments in both unemployment rates and home prices, could have a significant impact on the performance of these loans.
The Firm manages the risk of HELOCs during their revolving period by closing or reducing the undrawn line to the extent permitted by law when borrowers are exhibiting a material deterioration in their credit risk profile or when the collateral does not support the loan amount. The Firm will continue to evaluate both the near-term and longer-term repricing and recast risks inherent in its HELOC portfolio to ensure that changes in the Firm’s estimate of incurred losses are appropriately considered in the allowance for loan losses and that the Firm’s account management practices are appropriate given the portfolio’s risk profile.
High-risk second liens are loans where the borrower has a first mortgage loan that is either delinquent or has been modified. At June 30, 2014, the Firm estimated that its home equity portfolio contained approximately $1.9 billion of current junior lien loans that were considered high risk seconds, compared with $2.3 billion at December 31, 2013. Such loans are considered to pose a higher risk of default than junior lien loans for which the senior lien is neither delinquent nor modified. The Firm estimates the balance of its total exposure to high-risk seconds on a quarterly basis using internal data and loan level credit bureau data (which typically provides the delinquency status of the senior lien). The estimated balance of these high-risk seconds may vary from quarter to quarter for reasons such as the movement of related senior liens into and out of the 30+ day delinquency bucket.
Current high risk junior liens
(in billions)
 
June 30,
2014
December 31,
2013
Junior liens subordinate to:
 
 
 
 
 
Modified current senior lien
 
 
$
0.7

 
$
0.9

Senior lien 30 – 89 days delinquent
 
 
0.6

 
0.6

Senior lien 90 days or more delinquent(a)
 
 
0.6

 
0.8

Total current high risk junior liens
 
 
$
1.9

 
$
2.3

(a)
Junior liens subordinate to senior liens that are 90 days or more past due are classified as nonaccrual loans. At June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, excluded approximately $100 million of junior liens that are performing but not current, which were placed on nonaccrual status in accordance with the regulatory guidance.
Of the estimated $1.9 billion of high-risk junior liens at June 30, 2014, the Firm owns approximately 10% and services approximately 25% of the related senior lien loans to the same borrowers. The performance of the Firm’s junior lien loans is generally consistent regardless of whether the Firm owns, services or does not own or service the senior lien. The increased probability of default associated with these higher-risk junior lien loans was considered in estimating the allowance for loan losses.


54


Mortgage: Prime mortgages, including option adjustable-rate mortgages (“ARMs”) and loans held-for-sale, increased as retained originations exceeded paydowns, the run-off of option ARM loans and the charge-off or liquidation of delinquent loans. Excluding loans insured by U.S. government agencies, both early-stage and late-stage delinquencies showed improvement from December 31, 2013. Nonaccrual loans decreased from the prior year but remain elevated primarily as a result of loss mitigation activities currently being undertaken and to elongated foreclosure processing timelines. Net charge-offs continued to improve, resulting in a net recovery of losses due to improvement in home prices and delinquencies.
At both June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, the Firm’s prime mortgage portfolio included $14.3 billion of mortgage loans insured and/or guaranteed by U.S. government agencies, of which $9.6 billion were, at each such date, 30 days or more past due (of which $8.1 billion and $8.4 billion, respectively, were 90 days or more past due). The Firm has entered into a settlement regarding loans insured under federal mortgage insurance programs overseen by the FHA, HUD, and VA; the Firm will continue to monitor exposure on future claim payments for government insured loans, but any financial impact related to exposure on future claims is not expected to be significant and was considered in estimating the allowance for loan losses. For further discussion of the settlement, see Note 31 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.
At June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, the Firm’s prime mortgage portfolio included $15.9 billion and $15.6 billion, respectively, of interest-only loans, which represented 17% and 18%, respectively, of the prime mortgage portfolio. These loans have an interest-only payment period generally followed by an adjustable-rate or fixed-rate fully amortizing payment period to maturity and are typically originated as higher-balance loans to higher-income borrowers. To date, losses on this portfolio generally have been consistent with the broader prime mortgage portfolio and the Firm’s expectations. The Firm continues to monitor the risks associated with these loans.
Subprime mortgages continued to decrease due to portfolio runoff. Early-stage and late-stage delinquencies have improved from December 31, 2013, but remain at elevated levels. Net charge-offs continued to improve as a result of improvement in home prices and delinquencies.
Auto: Auto loans increased slightly during the first half of the year due to new originations, largely offset by paydowns and payoffs. Delinquent and nonaccrual loans improved compared with December 31, 2013. Net charge-offs
 
increased compared with the same period of the prior year, but are consistent with expectations. The auto loan portfolio reflects a high concentration of prime-quality credits.
Business banking: Business banking loans increased compared with December 31, 2013 due to an increase in loan originations. Nonaccrual loans improved compared with December 31, 2013. Net charge-offs increased slightly from the prior year but are consistent with expectations.
Student and other: Student and other loans decreased from year end due primarily to the run-off of the student loan portfolio.
Purchased credit-impaired loans: PCI loans acquired in the Washington Mutual transaction decreased as the portfolio continues to run off.
As of June 30, 2014, approximately 17% of the option ARM PCI loans were delinquent and approximately 56% of the portfolio have been modified into fixed-rate, fully amortizing loans. Substantially all of the remaining loans are making amortizing payments, although such payments are not necessarily fully amortizing. This latter group of loans are subject to the risk of payment shock due to future payment recast. Default rates generally increase on option ARM loans when payment recast results in a payment increase. The expected increase in default rates is considered in the Firm’s quarterly impairment assessment.
The following table provides a summary of lifetime principal loss estimates included in either the nonaccretable difference or the allowance for loan losses.
Summary of lifetime principal loss estimates
 
Lifetime loss
 estimates(a)
 
LTD liquidation
 losses(b)
(in billions)
Jun 30,
2014
 
Dec 31,
2013
 
Jun 30,
2014
 
Dec 31,
2013
Home equity
$
14.6

 
$
14.7

 
$
12.2

 
$
12.1

Prime mortgage
3.8

 
3.8

 
3.4

 
3.3

Subprime mortgage
3.3

 
3.3

 
2.7

 
2.6

Option ARMs
9.9

 
10.2

 
9.1

 
8.8

Total
$
31.6

 
$
32.0

 
$
27.4

 
$
26.8

(a)
Includes the original nonaccretable difference established in purchase accounting of $30.5 billion for principal losses plus additional principal losses recognized subsequent to acquisition through the provision and allowance for loan losses. The remaining nonaccretable difference for principal losses was $3.3 billion and $3.8 billion at June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, respectively.
(b)
Life-to-date (“LTD”) liquidation losses represent both realization of loss upon loan resolution and any principal forgiven upon modification. LTD liquidation losses included $162 million and $53 million of write-offs of prime mortgages at June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, respectively.



55


Current estimated LTVs of residential real estate loans
The current estimated average LTV ratio for residential real estate loans retained, excluding mortgage loans insured by U.S. government agencies and PCI loans, was 72% at June 30, 2014, compared with 75% at December 31, 2013.
The following table presents the current estimated LTV ratios for PCI loans, as well as the ratios of the carrying value of the underlying loans to the current estimated collateral value. Because such loans were initially measured at fair value, the ratios of the carrying value to the current estimated collateral value will be lower than the current estimated LTV ratios, which are based on the unpaid principal balances. The estimated collateral values used to calculate these ratios do not represent actual appraised loan-level collateral values; as such, the resulting ratios are necessarily imprecise and should therefore be viewed as estimates.
LTV ratios and ratios of carrying values to current estimated collateral values – PCI loans
 
 
 
 
 
 
June 30, 2014
 
 
December 31, 2013
 
(in millions,
except ratios)
 
Unpaid principal balance
Current estimated
LTV ratio(a)
Net carrying value(c)
Ratio of net
carrying value
to current estimated
collateral value(c)
 
Unpaid principal
balance
Current estimated
LTV ratio(a)
Net carrying value(c)
Ratio of net
carrying value
to current estimated
collateral value(c)
Home equity
 
$
18,849

85
%
(b) 
$
16,312

74
%
 
 
$
19,830

90
%
(b) 
$
17,169

78
%
 
Prime mortgage
 
11,087

79

 
9,685

69

 
 
11,876

83

 
10,312

72

 
Subprime mortgage
 
5,102

86

 
3,767

63

 
 
5,471

91

 
3,995

66

 
Option ARMs
 
17,838

77

 
16,605

72

 
 
19,223

82

 
17,421

74

 
(a)
Represents the aggregate unpaid principal balance of loans divided by the estimated current property value. Current property values are estimated at least quarterly based on home valuation models that utilize nationally recognized home price index valuation estimates; such models incorporate actual data to the extent available and forecasted data where actual data is not available.
(b)
Represents current estimated combined LTV for junior home equity liens, which considers all available lien positions, as well as unused lines, related to the property. All other products are presented without consideration of subordinate liens on the property.
(c)
Net carrying value includes the effect of fair value adjustments that were applied to the consumer PCI portfolio at the date of acquisition and is also net of the allowance for loan losses at June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013 of $1.6 billion and $1.7 billion for prime mortgage, respectively, $194 million and $494 million for option ARMs, respectively, and $1.8 billion for home equity and $180 million for subprime mortgage for both periods.


The current estimated average LTV ratios were 80% and 94% for California and Florida PCI loans, respectively, at June 30, 2014, compared with 85% and 103%, respectively, at December 31, 2013. Average LTV ratios have declined consistent with recent improvements in home prices. Although home prices have improved, home prices in most areas of California and Florida are still lower than at
 
the peak of the housing market; this continues to negatively contribute to current estimated average LTV ratios and the ratio of net carrying value to current estimated collateral value for loans in the PCI portfolio.
For further information on current estimated LTVs of residential real estate loans, see Note 13.



56


Geographic composition of residential real estate loans
For information on the geographic composition of the Firm’s residential real estate loans, see Note 13.
Loan modification activities – residential real estate loans
For both the Firm’s on–balance sheet loans and loans serviced for others, approximately 1.6 million mortgage modifications have been offered to borrowers and more than 763,000 have been approved since the beginning of 2009. Of these, approximately 759,000 have achieved permanent modification as of June 30, 2014. Of the remaining modifications offered, 18% are in a trial period or still being reviewed for a modification, while 82% have dropped out of the modification program or otherwise were deemed not eligible for final modification.
The performance of modified loans generally differs by product type due to differences in both the credit quality and the types of modifications provided. Performance metrics for modifications to the residential real estate portfolio, excluding PCI loans, that have been seasoned more than six months show weighted-average redefault rates of 18% for senior lien home equity, 20% for junior lien home equity, 15% for prime mortgages including option ARMs, and 27% for subprime mortgages. The cumulative performance metrics for modifications to the PCI residential real estate portfolio seasoned more than six months show weighted average redefault rates of 19% for home equity, 16% for prime mortgages, 14% for option ARMs and 30% for subprime mortgages. The favorable performance of the PCI option ARM modifications is the result of a targeted proactive program which fixes the borrower’s payment at the current level. The cumulative redefault rates reflect the performance of modifications completed under both the Home Affordable Modification Program (“HAMP”) and the Firm’s proprietary modification programs from October 1, 2009, through June 30, 2014.
Certain loans that were modified under HAMP and the Firm’s proprietary modification programs (primarily the Firm’s modification program that was modeled after HAMP) have interest rate reset provisions (“step-rate modifications”). Interest rates on these loans will generally increase beginning in 2014 by 1% per year until the rate reaches a specified cap, typically at a prevailing market interest rate for a fixed-rate loan as of the modification date. The carrying value of non-PCI loans modified in step-rate modifications was $5 billion at June 30, 2014, with $1 billion per year scheduled to experience the initial interest rate increase in 2015 and 2016. The unpaid principal balance of PCI loans modified in step-rate modifications was $11 billion at June 30, 2014, with $2 billion and $3 billion scheduled to experience the initial interest rate increase in 2015 and 2016, respectively. The impact of these potential interest rate increases is considered in the Firm’s allowance for loan losses. The Firm will continue to monitor this risk exposure to ensure that it is appropriately considered in the Firm’s allowance for loan losses.
 
The following table presents information as of June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, relating to modified retained residential real estate loans for which concessions have been granted to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty. For further information on modifications for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, see Note 13.
Modified residential real estate loans
 
June 30, 2014
 
December 31, 2013
(in millions)
Retained loans
Non-accrual
retained
 loans(d)
 
Retained loans
Non-accrual
retained
 loans(d)
Modified residential real estate loans, excluding
   PCI loans(a)(b)
 
 
 
 
 
Home equity – senior lien
$
1,119

$
629

 
$
1,146

$
641

Home equity – junior lien
1,310

641

 
1,319

666

Prime mortgage, including option ARMs
6,718

1,703

 
7,004

1,737

Subprime mortgage
3,478

1,078

 
3,698

1,127

Total modified residential real estate loans, excluding PCI loans
$
12,625

$
4,051

 
$
13,167

$
4,171

Modified PCI loans(c)
 
 
 
 
 
Home equity
$
2,619

NA

 
$
2,619

NA

Prime mortgage
6,682

NA

 
6,977

NA

Subprime mortgage
3,956

NA

 
4,168

NA

Option ARMs
12,461

NA

 
13,131

NA

Total modified PCI loans
$
25,718

NA

 
$
26,895

NA

(a)
Amounts represent the carrying value of modified residential real estate loans.
(b)
At June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, $6.7 billion and $7.6 billion, respectively, of loans modified subsequent to repurchase from Ginnie Mae in accordance with the standards of the appropriate government agency (i.e., FHA, VA, RHS) are not included in the table above. When such loans perform subsequent to modification in accordance with Ginnie Mae guidelines, they are generally sold back into Ginnie Mae loan pools. Modified loans that do not re-perform become subject to foreclosure. For additional information about sales
of loans in securitization transactions with Ginnie Mae, see Note 15.
(c)
Amounts represent the unpaid principal balance of modified PCI loans.
(d)
As of June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, nonaccrual loans included $3.1 billion and $3.0 billion, respectively, of TDRs for which the borrowers were less than 90 days past due. For additional information about loans modified in a TDR that are on nonaccrual status, see Note 13.


57


Nonperforming assets
The following table presents information as of June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, about consumer, excluding credit card, nonperforming assets.
Nonperforming assets(a)
 
 
 
(in millions)
June 30,
2014
 
December 31,
2013
Nonaccrual loans(b)
 
 
 
Residential real estate
$
6,471

 
$
6,864

Other consumer
599

 
632

Total nonaccrual loans
7,070

 
7,496

Assets acquired in loan satisfactions
 
 
 
Real estate owned
515

 
614

Other
37

 
41

Total assets acquired in loan satisfactions
552

 
655

Total nonperforming assets
$
7,622

 
$
8,151

(a)
At June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, nonperforming assets excluded: (1) mortgage loans insured by U.S. government agencies of $8.1 billion and $8.4 billion, respectively, that are 90 or more days past due; (2) real estate owned insured by U.S. government agencies of $2.1 billion and $2.0 billion, respectively; and (3) student loans insured by U.S. government agencies under the FFELP of $316 million and $428 million, respectively, that are 90 or more days past due. These amounts have been excluded from nonaccrual loans based upon the government guarantee.
(b)
Excludes PCI loans that were acquired as part of the Washington Mutual transaction, which are accounted for on a pool basis. Since each pool is accounted for as a single asset with a single composite interest rate and an aggregate expectation of cash flows, the past-due status of the pools, or that of individual loans within the pools, is not meaningful. Because the Firm is recognizing interest income on each pool of loans, they are all considered to be performing.
Nonaccrual loans in the residential real estate portfolio totaled $6.5 billion at June 30, 2014, of which 33% were greater than 150 days past due, compared with nonaccrual residential real estate loans of $6.9 billion at December 31, 2013, of which 34% were greater than 150 days past due. In the aggregate, the unpaid principal balance of residential real estate loans greater than 150 days past due was charged down by approximately 51% to the estimated net realizable value of the collateral at both June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013. Loss mitigation activities and the elongated foreclosure processing timelines are expected to continue to result in elevated levels of nonaccrual loans in the residential real estate portfolios.
 
Active and suspended foreclosure: At June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, the Firm had non-PCI residential real estate loans, excluding those insured by U.S. government agencies, with a carrying value of $1.7 billion and $2.1 billion, respectively, not included in real estate owned (“REO”), that were in the process of active or suspended foreclosure. The Firm also had PCI residential real estate loans that were in the process of active or suspended foreclosure at June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, with an unpaid principal balance of $3.8 billion and $4.8 billion, respectively.
Nonaccrual loans: The following table presents changes in consumer, excluding credit card, nonaccrual loans for the six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013.
Nonaccrual loans
 
 
Six months ended June 30,
 
 
 
(in millions)
 
2014
2013
Beginning balance
 
$
7,496

$
9,174

Additions
 
2,656

3,942

Reductions:
 
 
 
Principal payments and other(a)
 
780

689

Charge-offs
 
752

1,012

Returned to performing status
 
1,227

2,250

Foreclosures and other liquidations
 
323

589

Total reductions
 
3,082

4,540

Net additions/(reductions)
 
(426
)
(598
)
Ending balance
 
$
7,070

$
8,576

(a)
Other reductions includes loan sales.


58


Credit Card
Total credit card loans decreased from December 31, 2013 due to seasonality. The 30+ day delinquency rate decreased to 1.41% at June 30, 2014, from 1.67% at December 31, 2013. For the three months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, the net charge-off rates were 2.88% and 3.31%, respectively. For the six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, the net charge-off rates were 2.90% and 3.43%, respectively. Charge-offs have improved compared with a year ago as a result of improvement in delinquent loans. The credit card portfolio continues to reflect a well-seasoned, largely rewards-based portfolio that has good U.S. geographic diversification. For information on the geographic composition of the Firm’s credit card loans, see Note 13.
 
Modifications of credit card loans
At June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, the Firm had $2.5 billion and $3.1 billion, respectively, of credit card loans outstanding that have been modified in TDRs. These balances included both credit card loans with modified payment terms and credit card loans that reverted back to their pre-modification payment terms because the cardholder did not comply with the modified payment terms. The decrease in modified credit card loans outstanding from December 31, 2013, was attributable to a reduction in new modifications as well as ongoing payments and charge-offs on previously modified credit card loans.
Consistent with the Firm’s policy, all credit card loans typically remain on accrual status until charged-off. However, the Firm establishes an allowance, which is offset against loans and charged to interest income, for the estimated uncollectible portion of accrued interest and fee income.
For additional information about loan modification programs to borrowers, see Consumer Credit Portfolio
on pages 52–59 and Note 13.


59


WHOLESALE CREDIT PORTFOLIO
The wholesale businesses of the Firm are exposed to credit risk through their underwriting, lending and derivatives activities with and for clients and counterparties, as well as through their operating services activities, such as cash management and clearing activities. A portion of the loans originated or acquired by the Firm’s wholesale businesses is generally retained on the balance sheet; the Firm’s syndicated loan business distributes a significant percentage of originations into the market and is an important component of portfolio management.
As of June 30, 2014, wholesale credit exposure (primarily CIB, CB, and AM) continued to experience a generally favorable credit environment and stable credit quality trends with low levels of criticized exposure, nonaccrual loans and charge-offs.
Wholesale credit portfolio
 
Credit exposure
 
Nonperforming(c)
(in millions)
Jun 30,
2014
Dec 31,
2013
 
Jun 30,
2014
Dec 31,
2013
Loans retained
$
321,534

$
308,263

 
$
727

$
821

Loans held-for-sale
5,839

11,290

 
13

26

Loans at fair value
4,303

2,011

 
171

197

Loans – reported
331,676

321,564

 
911

1,044

Derivative receivables
62,378

65,759

 
361

415

Receivables from customers and other(a)
31,628

26,744

 


Total wholesale credit-related assets
425,682

414,067

 
1,272

1,459

Lending-related commitments
451,275

446,232

 
122

206

Total wholesale credit exposure
$
876,957

$
860,299

 
$
1,394

$
1,665

Credit portfolio management derivatives notional, net(b)
$
(34,971
)
$
(27,996
)
 
$

$
(5
)
Liquid securities and other cash collateral held against derivatives
(13,240
)
(14,435
)
 
NA

NA

(a)
Receivables from customers and other include $31.5 billion and $26.5 billion of margin loans at June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, respectively, to prime and retail brokerage customers; these are classified in accrued interest and accounts receivable on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
(b)
Represents the net notional amount of protection purchased and sold through credit derivatives used to manage both performing and nonperforming wholesale credit exposures; these derivatives do not qualify for hedge accounting under U.S. GAAP. For additional information, see Credit derivatives on page 65, and Note 5.
(c)
Excludes assets acquired in loan satisfactions.


60


The following tables present the maturity and ratings profiles of the wholesale credit portfolio as of June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013. The ratings scale is based on the Firm’s internal risk ratings, which generally correspond to the ratings as defined by S&P and Moody’s.
Wholesale credit exposure – maturity and ratings profile
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Maturity profile(e)
 
Ratings profile
June 30, 2014
Due in 1 year or less
Due after 1 year through 5 years
Due after 5 years
Total
 
Investment-grade
 
Noninvestment-grade
 
Total
Total % of IG
(in millions, except ratios)
 
AAA/Aaa to BBB-/Baa3
 
BB+/Ba1 & below
 
Loans retained
$
119,788

$
126,397

$
75,349

$
321,534

 
 
$
235,691

 
 
$
85,843

 
$
321,534

73
%
Derivative receivables
 
 
 
62,378

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
62,378

 
Less: Liquid securities and other cash collateral held against derivatives
 
 
 
(13,240
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(13,240
)
 
Total derivative receivables, net of all collateral
11,092

15,411

22,635

49,138

 
 
40,083

 
 
9,055

 
49,138

82

Lending-related commitments
175,950

264,098

11,227

451,275

 
 
358,312

 
 
92,963

 
451,275

79

Subtotal
306,830

405,906

109,211

821,947

 
 
634,086

 
 
187,861

 
821,947

77

Loans held-for-sale and loans at fair value(a)
 
 
 
10,142

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
10,142

 
Receivables from customers and other
 
 
 
31,628

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
31,628

 
Total exposure – net of liquid securities and other cash collateral held against derivatives
 
 
 
$
863,717

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
$
863,717

 
Credit Portfolio Management derivatives net notional by reference entity ratings profile(b)(c)(d)
$
(1,529
)
$
(25,443
)
$
(7,999
)
$
(34,971
)
 
 
$
(30,977
)
 
 
$
(3,994
)
 
$
(34,971
)
89
%
 
Maturity profile(e)
 
Ratings profile
December 31, 2013
Due in 1 year or less
Due after 1 year through 5 years
Due after 5 years
Total
 
Investment-grade
 
Noninvestment-grade
 
Total
Total % of IG
(in millions, except ratios)
 
AAA/Aaa to BBB-/Baa3
 
BB+/Ba1 & below
 
Loans retained
$
108,392

$
124,111

$
75,760

$
308,263

 
 
$
226,070

 
 
$
82,193

 
$
308,263

73
%
Derivative receivables
 
 
 
65,759

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
65,759

 
Less: Liquid securities and other cash collateral held against derivatives
 
 
 
(14,435
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(14,435
)
 
Total derivative receivables, net of all collateral
13,550

15,935

21,839

51,324

 
 
41,104

(f) 
 
10,220

(f) 
51,324

80

Lending-related commitments
179,301

255,426

11,505

446,232

 
 
353,974

 
 
92,258

 
446,232

79

Subtotal
301,243

395,472

109,104

805,819

 
 
621,148

 
 
184,671

 
805,819

77

Loans held-for-sale and loans at fair value(a)
 
 
 
13,301

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
13,301

 
Receivables from customers and other
 
 
 
26,744

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
26,744

 
Total exposure – net of liquid securities and other cash collateral held against derivatives
 
 
 
$
845,864

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
$
845,864

 
Credit Portfolio Management derivatives net notional by reference entity ratings profile(b)(c)(d)
$
(1,149
)
$
(19,516
)
$
(7,331
)
$
(27,996
)
 
 
$
(24,649
)
 
 
$
(3,347
)
 
$
(27,996
)
88
%
(a)
Represents loans held-for-sale, primarily related to syndicated loans and loans transferred from the retained portfolio, and loans at fair value.
(b)
These derivatives do not qualify for hedge accounting under U.S. GAAP.
(c)
The notional amounts are presented on a net basis by underlying reference entity and the ratings profile shown is based on the ratings of the reference entity on which protection has been purchased.
(d)
Predominantly all of the credit derivatives entered into by the Firm where it has purchased protection, including Credit Portfolio Management derivatives, are executed with investment grade counterparties.
(e)
The maturity profile of retained loans, lending-related commitments and derivative receivables is based on the remaining contractual maturity. Derivative contracts that are in a receivable position at June 30, 2014, may become a payable prior to maturity based on their cash flow profile or changes in market conditions.
(f)
The prior period amounts have been revised to conform with the current period presentation.
Wholesale credit exposure – selected industry exposures
The Firm focuses on the management and diversification of its industry exposures, paying particular attention to industries with actual or potential credit concerns. Exposures deemed criticized align with the U.S. banking regulators’ definition of criticized exposures, which consist
 
of the special mention, substandard and doubtful categories. The total criticized component of the portfolio, excluding loans held-for-sale and loans at fair value, increased by 1% to $12.3 billion at June 30, 2014, from $12.2 billion at December 31, 2013.


61


Below are summaries of the top 25 industry exposures as of June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013. For additional information on industry concentrations, see Note 5 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Selected metrics
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
30 days or more past due and accruing
loans
Year-to-date net charge-offs/
(recoveries)
Credit portfolio manage-ment credit derivative hedges(e)
Liquid securities
and other cash collateral held against derivative
receivables
 
 
 
 
Noninvestment-grade
As of or for the six months ended
Credit exposure(d)
Investment- grade
 
Noncriticized
 
Criticized performing
Criticized nonperforming
June 30, 2014
(in millions)
Top 25 industries(a)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Real Estate
$
93,793

$
67,890

 
$
23,727

 
$
1,887

$
289

$
147

$
(15
)
$
(61
)
$
(29
)
Banks & Finance Cos
60,209

50,322

 
9,262

 
551

74

23

(7
)
(2,288
)
(5,550
)
Oil & Gas
48,211

33,357

 
14,489

 
325

40

77


(214
)
(110
)
Healthcare
46,716

38,679

 
7,338

 
677

22

1


(117
)
(240
)
Consumer Products
40,021

23,798

 
15,516

 
700

7

38


(46
)

Asset Managers
34,455

28,100

 
6,350

 
5


17

(12
)
(8
)
(2,906
)
State & Municipal Govt(b)
33,440

32,698

 
664

 
78


71

24

(151
)
(104
)
Utilities
28,308

24,966

 
3,051

 
260

31



(376
)
(205
)
Retail & Consumer Services
26,112

16,663

 
8,219

 
1,185

45

26

4

(99
)

Central Govt
22,478

22,050

 
374

 
54




(11,488
)
(1,534
)
Technology
20,547

13,227

 
6,693

 
607

20



(290
)

Machinery & Equipment Mfg
20,083

11,832

 
7,951

 
300


7

(2
)
(161
)
(2
)
Transportation
16,406

11,319

 
4,986

 
78

23

5

(3
)
(74
)
(73
)
Metals/Mining
16,365

8,660

 
6,622

 
1,081

2

8

18

(440
)
(4
)
Business Services
14,538

7,385

 
6,849

 
279

25

14

1

(10
)
(1
)
Media
14,172

8,386

 
5,426

 
334

26

1

(10
)
(75
)
(6
)
Telecom Services
14,019

8,258

 
5,602

 
149

10



(609
)
(8
)
Building Materials/Construction
13,376

6,259

 
6,410

 
700

7

24


(142
)

Insurance
12,663

10,060

 
2,314

 
84

205




(1,677
)
Automotive
12,496

8,000

 
4,365

 
131


1


(371
)

Chemicals/Plastics
12,064

8,227

 
3,719

 
118


11

(2
)
(11
)

Securities Firms & Exchanges
11,856

9,871

 
1,970

 
12

3

12

4

(4,984
)
(277
)
Agriculture/Paper Mfg
7,319

4,743

 
2,419

 
154

3

41


(4
)
(7
)
Aerospace/Defense
5,877

5,002

 
851

 
24


1


(67
)
(1
)
Leisure
5,469

2,924

 
1,906

 
484

155

4


(5
)
(19
)
All other(c)
204,194

183,313

 
19,873

 
785

223

1,039

(31
)
(12,880
)
(487
)
Subtotal
$
835,187

$
645,989

 
$
176,946

 
$
11,042

$
1,210

$
1,568

$
(31
)
$
(34,971
)
$
(13,240
)
Loans held-for-sale and loans at fair value
10,142

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Receivables from customers and other
31,628

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total
$
876,957

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

62












Selected metrics








30 days or more past due and accruing loans
Full year net charge-offs/
(recoveries)
Credit portfolio manage- ment credit derivative hedges(e)
Liquid securities
and other cash collateral held against derivative
receivables




Noninvestment-grade
As of or for the year ended
Credit
exposure(d)
Investment-
grade

Noncriticized

Criticized performing
Criticized nonperforming
December 31, 2013
(in millions)
Top 25 industries(a)




















Real Estate
$
87,102

$
62,964


$
21,505


$
2,286

$
347

$
178

$
6

$
(66
)
$
(125
)
Banks & Finance Cos
66,881

56,675


9,707


431

68

14

(22
)
(2,692
)
(6,227
)
Oil & Gas
46,934

34,708


11,779


436

11

34

13

(227
)
(67
)
Healthcare
45,910

37,635


7,952


317

6

49

3

(198
)
(195
)
Consumer Products
34,145

21,100


12,505


537

3

4

11

(149
)
(1
)
Asset Managers
33,506

26,991


6,477


38


217

(7
)
(5
)
(3,191
)
State & Municipal Govt(b)
35,666

34,563


826


157

120

40

1

(161
)
(144
)
Utilities
28,983

25,521


3,045


411

6

2

28

(445
)
(306
)
Retail & Consumer Services
25,068

16,101


8,453


492

22

6


(91
)

Central Govt
21,049

20,633


345


71




(10,088
)
(1,541
)
Technology
21,403

13,787


6,771


825

20



(512
)

Machinery & Equipment Mfg
19,078

11,154


7,549


368

7

20

(18
)
(257
)
(8
)
Transportation
13,975

9,683


4,165


100

27

10

8

(68
)

Metals/Mining
17,434

9,266


7,508


594

66

1

16

(621
)
(36
)
Business Services
14,601

7,838


6,447


286

30

9

10

(10
)
(2
)
Media
13,858

7,783


5,658


315

102

6

36

(26
)
(5
)
Telecom Services
13,906

9,130


4,284


482

10


7

(272
)
(8
)
Building Materials/Construction
12,901

5,701


6,354


839

7

15

3

(132
)

Insurance
13,761

10,681


2,757


84

239


(2
)
(98
)
(1,935
)
Automotive
12,532

7,881


4,490


159

2

3

(3
)
(472
)

Chemicals/Plastics
10,637

7,189


3,211


222

15



(13
)
(83
)
Securities Firms & Exchanges
10,035

4,208

(f) 
5,806

(f) 
14

7

1

(68
)
(4,169
)
(175
)
Agriculture/Paper Mfg
7,387

4,238


3,064


82

3

31


(4
)
(4
)
Aerospace/Defense
6,873

5,447


1,426






(142
)
(1
)
Leisure
5,331

2,950


1,797


495

89

5


(10
)
(14
)
All other(c)
201,298

180,460


19,911


692

235

1,249

(6
)
(7,068
)
(367
)
Subtotal
$
820,254

$
634,287


$
173,792


$
10,733

$
1,442

$
1,894

$
16

$
(27,996
)
$
(14,435
)
Loans held-for-sale and loans at fair value
13,301



















Receivables from customers and other
26,744



















Total
$
860,299



















(a)
The industry rankings presented in the table as of December 31, 2013, are based on the industry rankings of the corresponding exposures at June 30, 2014, not actual rankings of such exposures at December 31, 2013.
(b)
In addition to the credit risk exposure to states and municipal governments (both U.S. and non-U.S.) at June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, noted above, the Firm held: $7.5 billion and $7.9 billion, respectively, of trading securities; $28.1 billion and $29.5 billion, respectively, of AFS securities; and $8.3 billion and $920 million, respectively, of HTM securities, issued by U.S. state and municipal governments. For further information, see Note 3 and Note 11.
(c)
All other includes: individuals, private education and civic organizations; SPEs; and holding companies, representing approximately 66%, 20% and 5%, respectively, at June 30, 2014, and 64%, 22% and 5%, respectively, at December 31, 2013.
(d)
Credit exposure is net of risk participations and excludes the benefit of “Credit Portfolio Management derivatives net notional” held against derivative receivables or loans and “Liquid securities and other cash collateral held against derivative receivables”.
(e)
Represents the net notional amounts of protection purchased and sold through credit derivatives used to manage the credit exposures; these derivatives do not qualify for hedge accounting under U.S. GAAP. The all other category includes purchased credit protection on certain credit indices.
(f)
The prior period amounts have been revised to conform with the current period presentation.

63


Loans
In the normal course of its wholesale business, the Firm provides loans to a variety of customers, ranging from large corporate and institutional clients to high-net-worth individuals. For further discussion on loans, including information on credit quality indicators, see Note 13.
The Firm actively manages its wholesale credit exposure. One way of managing credit risk is through secondary market sales of loans and lending-related commitments. During the six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, the Firm sold $14.1 billion and $8.3 billion, respectively, of loans and lending-related commitments.
The following table presents the change in the nonaccrual loan portfolio for the six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013.
Wholesale nonaccrual loan activity
 
 
Six months ended June 30,
 
 
 
(in millions)
 
2014
2013(a)
Beginning balance
 
$
1,044

$
1,717

Additions
 
450

728

Reductions:
 
 
 
Paydowns and other
 
357

653

Gross charge-offs
 
77

116

Returned to performing status
 
92

134

Sales
 
57

240

Total reductions
 
583

1,143

Net reductions
 
(133
)
(415
)
Ending balance
 
$
911

$
1,302

(a)
During 2013, certain loans that resulted from restructurings that were previously classified as performing were reclassified as nonperforming loans.
The following table presents net charge-offs/recoveries, which are defined as gross charge-offs less recoveries, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013. The amounts in the table below do not include gains or losses from sales of nonaccrual loans.
Wholesale net charge-offs
(in millions, except ratios)
Three months
ended June 30,
 
Six months
ended June 30,
2014
2013
 
2014
2013
Loans – reported
 
 
 
 
 
Average loans retained
$
315,415

$
308,277

 
$
312,244

$
306,110

Gross
  charge-offs
9

50

 
77

116

Gross recoveries
(53
)
(117
)
 
(108
)
(148
)
Net
  recoveries
(44
)
(67
)
 
(31
)
(32
)
Net recovery rate
(0.06
)%
(0.09
)%
 
(0.02
)%
(0.02
)%
 
Lending-related commitments
JPMorgan Chase uses lending-related financial instruments, such as commitments (including revolving credit facilities) and guarantees, to meet the financing needs of its customers. The contractual amounts of these financial instruments represent the maximum possible credit risk should the counterparties draw down on these commitments or the Firm fulfills its obligations under these guarantees, and the counterparties subsequently fails to perform according to the terms of these contracts.
In the Firm’s view, the total contractual amount of these wholesale lending-related commitments is not representative of the Firm’s likely actual future credit exposure or funding requirements. In determining the amount of credit risk exposure the Firm has to wholesale lending-related commitments, which is used as the basis for allocating credit risk capital to these commitments, the Firm has established a “loan-equivalent” amount for each commitment; this amount represents the portion of the unused commitment or other contingent exposure that is expected, based on average portfolio historical experience, to become drawn upon in an event of a default by an obligor. The loan-equivalent amount of the Firm’s lending-related commitments was $221.5 billion and $218.9 billion as of June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, respectively.
Derivative contracts
In the normal course of business, the Firm uses derivative instruments predominantly for market-making activities. Derivatives enable customers to manage exposures to fluctuations in interest rates, currencies and other markets. The Firm also uses derivative instruments to manage its own credit exposure. For further discussion of derivative contracts, see Note 5.
The following table summarizes the net derivative receivables for the periods presented.
Derivative receivables
 
 
(in millions)
Derivative receivables
June 30,
2014
December 31,
2013
Interest rate
$
28,829

$
25,782

Credit derivatives
2,964

1,516

Foreign exchange
11,625

16,790

Equity
9,377

12,227

Commodity
9,583

9,444

Total, net of cash collateral
62,378

65,759

Liquid securities and other cash collateral held against derivative receivables
(13,240
)
(14,435
)
Total, net of collateral
$
49,138

$
51,324



64


Derivative receivables reported on the Consolidated Balance Sheets were $62.4 billion and $65.8 billion at June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, respectively. These amounts represent the fair value of the derivative contracts, after giving effect to legally enforceable master netting agreements and cash collateral held by the Firm. However, in management’s view, the appropriate measure of current credit risk should also take into consideration additional liquid securities (primarily U.S. government and agency securities and other G7 government bonds) and other cash collateral held by the Firm aggregating $13.2 billion and $14.4 billion at June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, respectively, that may be used as security when the fair value of the client’s exposure is in the Firm’s favor.
In addition to the collateral described in the preceding paragraph, the Firm also holds additional collateral (primarily cash, G7 government securities, other liquid
 
government-agency and guaranteed securities, and corporate debt and equity securities) delivered by clients at the initiation of transactions, as well as collateral related to contracts that have a non-daily call frequency and collateral that the Firm has agreed to return but has not yet settled as of the reporting date. Although this collateral does not reduce the balances and is not included in the table above, it is available as security against potential exposure that could arise should the fair value of the client’s derivative transactions move in the Firm’s favor. As of June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, the Firm held $33.3 billion and $29.0 billion, respectively, of this additional collateral. The derivative receivables fair value, net of all collateral, also does not include other credit enhancements, such as letters of credit. For additional information on the Firm’s use of collateral agreements, see Note 5.

The following table summarizes the ratings profile by derivative counterparty of the Firm’s derivative receivables, including credit derivatives, net of other liquid securities collateral, for the dates indicated.
Ratings profile of derivative receivables
 
 
 
 
 
Rating equivalent
June 30, 2014
 
December 31, 2013(a)

(in millions, except ratios)
Exposure net of collateral
% of exposure net of collateral
 
Exposure net of collateral
% of exposure net of collateral
AAA/Aaa to AA-/Aa3
$
11,069

23
%
 
$
12,953

25
%
A+/A1 to A-/A3
12,150

25

 
12,930

25

BBB+/Baa1 to BBB-/Baa3
16,864

34

 
15,220

30

BB+/Ba1 to B-/B3
8,163

16

 
6,806

13

CCC+/Caa1 and below
892

2

 
3,415

7

Total
$
49,138

100
%
 
$
51,324

100
%
(a)
The prior period amounts have been revised to conform with the current period presentation.
As noted above, the Firm uses collateral agreements to mitigate counterparty credit risk. The percentage of the Firm’s derivatives transactions subject to collateral agreements – excluding foreign exchange spot trades, which are not typically covered by collateral agreements due to their short maturity – was 87% as of June 30, 2014, largely unchanged compared with 86% as of December 31, 2013.
Credit derivatives
The Firm uses credit derivatives for two primary purposes: first, in its capacity as a market-maker; and second, as an end-user, to manage the Firm’s own credit risk associated with various exposures. For a detailed description of credit derivatives, see Credit derivatives in Note 5 of this Form
10-Q, and Note 6 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.
Credit portfolio management activities
Included in the Firm’s end-user activities are credit derivatives used to mitigate the credit risk associated with traditional lending activities (loans and unfunded commitments) and derivatives counterparty exposure in the Firm’s wholesale businesses (collectively, “credit portfolio management” activities). Information on credit portfolio management activities is provided in the table below. For further information on derivatives used in credit portfolio
 
management activities, see Credit derivatives in Note 5 of this Form 10-Q, and Note 6 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.
Credit derivatives used in credit portfolio management activities
 
Notional amount of protection
purchased and sold (a)
(in millions)
June 30, 2014
 
December 31,
2013
Credit derivatives used to manage:
 
 
 
Loans and lending-related commitments
$
3,082

 
$
2,764

Derivative receivables
31,984

 
25,328

Total net protection purchased
35,066

 
28,092

Total net protection sold
95

 
96

Credit portfolio management derivatives notional, net
$
34,971

 
$
27,996

(a)
Amounts are presented net, considering the Firm’s net protection purchased or sold with respect to each underlying reference entity or index.



65


COMMUNITY REINVESTMENT ACT EXPOSURE
The Community Reinvestment Act (“CRA”) encourages banks to meet the credit needs of borrowers in all segments of their communities, including neighborhoods with low or moderate incomes. The Firm is a national leader in community development by providing loans, investments and community development services in communities across the United States.
At June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, the Firm’s CRA loan portfolio was approximately $20 billion and $18 billion, respectively. At June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, 47% and 50%, respectively, of the CRA portfolio
 
were residential mortgage loans; 30% and 26%, respectively, were commercial real estate loans; 15% and 16%, respectively, were business banking loans; and 8%, for both periods, were other loans. CRA nonaccrual loans were 3% of the Firm’s total nonaccrual loans for both June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013. As a percentage of the Firm’s net charge-offs, net charge-offs in the CRA portfolio were 1% for each of the three months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, and 1% and 2%, respectively, for the six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013.


ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES
JPMorgan Chase’s allowance for loan losses covers both the consumer (primarily scored) portfolio and wholesale (risk-rated) portfolio. The allowance represents management’s estimate of probable credit losses inherent in the Firm’s loan portfolio. Management also determines an allowance for wholesale and certain consumer lending-related commitments.
For a further discussion of the components of the allowance for credit losses and related management judgments, see Critical Accounting Estimates Used by the Firm on pages 86–88 of this Form 10-Q and Note 15 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.
At least quarterly, the allowance for credit losses is reviewed by the CRO, the CFO and the Controller of the Firm, and discussed with the Risk Policy and Audit Committees of the Board of Directors of the Firm. As of June 30, 2014, JPMorgan Chase deemed the allowance for credit losses to be appropriate and sufficient to absorb probable credit losses inherent in the portfolio.
 
The consumer, excluding credit card, allowance for loan losses reflected a reduction from December 31, 2013, due to the continued improvement in home prices and delinquency trends in the residential real estate portfolio and the run-off of the student loan portfolio. For additional information about delinquencies and nonaccrual loans in the consumer, excluding credit card, loan portfolio, see Consumer Credit Portfolio on pages 52–59 and Note 13.
The credit card allowance for loan losses reflected a reduction from December 31, 2013, primarily due to a reduction in the asset-specific allowance due to increased granularity of impairment estimates for loans modified in TDRs. For additional information about delinquencies in the credit card loan portfolio, see Consumer Credit Portfolio on pages 52–59 and Note 13.
The wholesale allowance was relatively unchanged, reflecting a generally favorable credit environment and stable credit quality trends.


66


Summary of changes in the allowance for credit losses
 
 
 
 
 
 
2014
 
2013
Six months ended June 30,
Consumer, excluding
credit card
Credit card
Wholesale
Total
 
Consumer, excluding
credit card
Credit card
Wholesale
Total
(in millions, except ratios)
 
Allowance for loan losses
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Beginning balance at January 1,
$
8,456

$
3,795

$
4,013

$
16,264

 
$
12,292

$
5,501

$
4,143

$
21,936

Gross charge-offs
1,084

1,982

77

3,143

 
1,458

2,414

116

3,988

Gross recoveries
(399
)
(209
)
(108
)
(716
)
 
(394
)
(318
)
(148
)
(860
)
Net charge-offs/(recoveries)
685

1,773

(31
)
2,427

 
1,064

2,096

(32
)
3,128

Write-offs of PCI loans(a)
109



109

 




Provision for loan losses
81

1,573

(55
)
1,599

 
(531
)
1,046

64

579

Other

(1
)

(1
)
 
(6
)
(6
)
9

(3
)
Ending balance at June 30,
$
7,743

$
3,594

$
3,989

$
15,326

 
$
10,691

$
4,445

$
4,248

$
19,384

Impairment methodology
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Asset-specific(b)
$
598

$
583

$
138

$
1,319

 
$
713

$
1,227

$
228

$
2,168

Formula-based
3,396

3,011

3,851

10,258

 
4,267

3,218

4,020

11,505

PCI
3,749



3,749

 
5,711



5,711

Total allowance for loan losses
$
7,743

$
3,594

$
3,989

$
15,326

 
$
10,691

$
4,445

$
4,248

$
19,384

Allowance for lending-related commitments
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Beginning balance at January 1,
$
8

$

$
697

$
705

 
$
7

$

$
661

$
668

Provision for lending-related commitments
1


(58
)
(57
)
 
1


84

85

Other




 




Ending balance at June 30,
$
9

$

$
639

$
648

 
$
8

$

$
745

$
753

Impairment methodology
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Asset-specific
$

$

$
43

$
43

 
$

$

$
79

$
79

Formula-based
9


596

605

 
8


666

674

Total allowance for lending-related commitments(c)
$
9

$

$
639

$
648

 
$
8

$

$
745

$
753

Total allowance for credit losses
$
7,752

$
3,594

$
4,628

$
15,974

 
$
10,699

$
4,445

$
4,993

$
20,137

Memo:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Retained loans, end of period
$
288,214

$
125,621

$
321,534

$
735,369

 
$
287,388

$
124,288

$
308,208

$
719,884

Retained loans, average
288,443

123,111

312,244

723,798

 
290,366

123,208

306,110

719,684

PCI loans, end of period
50,118


5

50,123

 
56,736


12

56,748

Credit ratios
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Allowance for loan losses to retained loans
2.69
%
2.86
%
1.24
 %
2.08
%
 
3.72
%
3.58
%
1.38
 %
2.69
%
Allowance for loan losses to retained nonaccrual loans(c)
112

NM

549

201

 
125

NM

424

202

Allowance for loan losses to retained nonaccrual loans excluding credit card
112

NM

549

154

 
125

NM

424

156

Net charge-off/(recovery) rates
0.48

2.90

(0.02
)
0.68

 
0.74

3.43

(0.02
)
0.88

Credit ratios, excluding residential real estate PCI loans
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Allowance for loan losses to
retained loans
1.68

2.86

1.24

1.69

 
2.16

3.58

1.38

2.06

Allowance for loan losses to
retained nonaccrual loans
(d)
58

NM

549

152

 
58

NM

424

143

Allowance for loan losses to
retained nonaccrual loans excluding credit card
58

NM

549

105

 
58

NM

424

96

Net charge-off/(recovery) rates
0.58
%
2.90
%
(0.02
)%
0.73
%
 
0.92
%
3.43
%
(0.02
)%
0.95
%
(a)
Write-offs of PCI loans are recorded against the allowance for loan losses when actual losses for a pool exceed estimated losses that were recorded as purchase accounting adjustments at the time of acquisition. Any write-offs of PCI loans are recognized when the underlying loan is removed from a pool (e.g., upon liquidation).
(b)
Includes risk-rated loans that have been placed on nonaccrual status and loans that have been modified in a TDR.
(c)
The allowance for lending-related commitments is reported in other liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
(d)
The Firm’s policy is generally to exempt credit card loans from being placed on nonaccrual status as permitted by regulatory guidance.

67


Provision for credit losses
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2014, the provision for credit losses was $692 million and $1.5 billion respectively, compared with $47 million and $664 million respectively, from the prior year periods. The consumer provision for the six months ended June 30, 2014 reflected an $804 million reduction in the allowance for loan losses,
 
compared with a $2.7 billion reduction in the prior year period. The decrease in the consumer allowance for loan loss reduction from the prior year was partially offset by lower charge-offs. The wholesale provision for credit losses reflected a generally favorable credit environment and stable credit quality trends.

 
Three months ended June 30,
 
Six months ended June 30,
 
Provision for loan losses
 
Provision for lending-related commitments
 
Total provision for credit losses
 
Provision for loan losses
 
Provision for lending-related commitments
 
Total provision for credit losses
(in millions)
2014

2013

 
2014

2013

 
2014

2013

 
2014

2013

 
2014

2013

 
2014

2013

Consumer, excluding credit card
$
(38
)
$
(494
)
 
$
1

$
1

 
$
(37
)
$
(493
)
 
$
81

$
(531
)
 
$
1

$
1

 
$
82

$
(530
)
Credit card
885

464

 


 
885

464

 
1,573

1,046

 


 
1,573

1,046

Total consumer
847

(30
)
 
1

1

 
848

(29
)
 
1,654

515

 
1

1

 
1,655

516

Wholesale
(165
)
40

 
9

36

 
(156
)
76

 
(55
)
64

 
(58
)
84

 
(113
)
148

Total provision for credit losses
$
682

$
10

 
$
10

$
37

 
$
692

$
47

 
$
1,599

$
579

 
$
(57
)
$
85

 
$
1,542

$
664



68


MARKET RISK MANAGEMENT
Market risk is the potential for adverse changes in the value of the Firm’s assets and liabilities resulting from changes in market variables such as interest rates, foreign exchange rates, equity prices, commodity prices, implied volatilities or credit spreads. For a discussion of the Firm’s market risk management organization, risk identification and classification, and tools to measure risk, see Market Risk Management on pages 142–148 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report. For a discussion of the Firm’s risk monitoring and control and market risk limits, see Limits on page 148 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.
Value-at-risk
JPMorgan Chase utilizes VaR, a statistical risk measure, to estimate the potential loss from adverse market moves in a normal market environment consistent with the day-to-day risk decisions made by the lines of business.
Since VaR is based on historical data, it is an imperfect measure of market risk exposure and potential losses, and it is not used to estimate the impact of stressed market conditions or to manage any impact from potential stress events. In addition, based on their reliance on available historical data, limited time horizons, and other factors, VaR measures are inherently limited in their ability to measure certain risks and to predict losses, particularly those associated with market illiquidity and sudden or severe shifts in market conditions. In addition to VaR, the Firm considers other measures such as stress testing to capture and manage its market risk positions.
 
In addition, for certain products, specific risk parameters are not captured in VaR due to the lack of inherent liquidity and availability of appropriate historical data. The Firm uses proxies to estimate the VaR for these and other products when daily time series are not available. It is likely that using an actual price-based time series for these products, if available, would affect the VaR results presented. The Firm uses alternative methods to capture and measure those risk parameters that are not otherwise captured in VaR, including economic-value stress testing, nonstatistical measures and risk identification for large exposures. For further information, see Market Risk Management on page 147 of the 2013 Annual Report.
The Firm’s VaR model calculations are periodically evaluated and enhanced in response to changes in the composition of the Firm’s portfolios, changes in market conditions, improvements in the Firm’s modeling techniques and other factors. Such changes will also affect historical comparisons of VaR results. Model changes go through a review and approval process by the Model Review Group prior to implementation into the operating environment. For further information, see Model risk on page 153 of the 2013 Annual Report.
The Firm’s Risk Management VaR is calculated assuming a one-day holding period and an expected tail-loss methodology which approximates a 95% confidence level. For risk management purposes, the Firm believes this methodology provides a stable measure of VaR that closely aligns to the day-to-day risk management decisions made by the lines of business and provides information to respond to risk events on a daily basis. The Firm also calculates a daily Regulatory VaR which is used to derive the Firm’s regulatory VaR-based capital requirements under Basel III. For further information regarding the key differences between Risk Management VaR and Regulatory VaR, see page 146 of the 2013 Annual Report. For additional information on Regulatory VaR and the other components of market risk regulatory capital for the Firm (e.g. VaR-based measure, stressed VaR-based measure and the respective backtesting), see JPMorgan Chase’s Basel III Pillar 3 Regulatory Capital Disclosures reports, which are available on the Firm’s website (http://investor.shareholder.com/jpmorganchase/basel.cfm), and Capital Management on pages 74–80 of this Form 10-Q and pages 160–167 of the 2013 Annual Report.


69


The table below shows the results of the Firm’s Risk Management VaR measure using a 95% confidence level.
Total VaR
Three months ended June 30,
 
 
 
 
 
Six months ended June 30,
 
2014
 
2013
 
At June 30,
Average
(in millions)
 Avg.
Min
Max
 
 Avg.
Min
Max
 
2014
 
2013
 
2014
 
2013
CIB trading VaR by risk type
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fixed income
$
38

 
$
31

 
$
45

 
 
$
35

 
$
23

 
$
49

 
 
$
34

 
$
44

 
$
37

 
$
45

Foreign exchange
8

 
5

 
13

 
 
7

 
5

 
11

 
 
6

 
5

 
7

 
7

Equities
14

(c) 
10

 
21

 
 
14

 
10

 
21

 
 
15

 
18

 
14

(c) 
14

Commodities and other
9

 
7

 
14

 
 
13

 
11

 
17

 
 
9

 
12

 
10

 
14

Diversification benefit to CIB trading VaR
(30
)
(a)(c) 
NM

(b) 
NM

(b) 
 
(33
)
(a) 
NM

(b) 
NM

(b) 
 
(30
)
(a) 
(32
)
(a) 
(30
)
(a)(c) 
(34
)
CIB trading VaR
39

(c) 
28

 
49

 
 
36

 
21

 
49

 
 
34

 
47

 
38

 
46

Credit portfolio VaR
10

 
8

 
12

 
 
13

 
11

 
16

 
 
9

 
13

 
12

 
14

Diversification benefit to CIB VaR
(6
)
(a)(c) 
NM

(b) 
NM

(b) 
 
(9
)
(a) 
NM

(b) 
NM

(b) 
 
(5
)
(a) 
(8
)
(a) 
(7
)
(a) 
(9
)
CIB VaR
43

 
34

 
56

 
 
40

 
25

 
54

 
 
38

 
52

 
43

 
51

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mortgage Banking VaR
20

 
3

 
28

 
 
15

 
8

 
21

 
 
3

 
13

 
13

 
17

Treasury and CIO VaR
5

 
4

 
5

 
 
5

 
4

 
7

 
 
5

 
5

 
5

 
8

Asset Management VaR
3

 
3

 
4

 
 
5

 
4

 
5

 
 
4

 
5

 
3

 
5

Diversification benefit to other VaR
(8
)
(a) 
NM

(b) 
NM

(b) 
 
(10
)
(a) 
NM

(b) 
NM

(b) 
 
(5
)
(a) 
(10
)
(a) 
(7
)
(a) 
(12
)
Other VaR
20

 
7

 
27

 
 
15

 
9

 
22

 
 
7

 
13

 
14

 
18

Diversification benefit to CIB and other VaR
(8
)
(a) 
NM

(b) 
NM

(b) 
 
(10
)
(a) 
NM

(b) 
NM

(b) 
 
(5
)
(a) 
(9
)
(a) 
(8
)
(a) 
(10
)
Total VaR
$
55

 
$
38

 
$
70

 
 
$
45

 
$
29

 
$
61

 
 
$
40

 
$
56

 
$
49

 
$
59

(a)
Average portfolio VaR and period-end portfolio VaR were less than the sum of the VaR of the components described above, due to portfolio diversification. The diversification effect reflects the fact that the risks were not perfectly correlated.
(b)
Designated as not meaningful (“NM”), because the minimum and maximum may occur on different days for different risk components, and hence it is not meaningful to compute a portfolio-diversification effect.
(c)
These amounts have been updated from those included in the June 30, 2014 earnings supplement.

As presented in the table above, average Total VaR increased for the three months ended June 30, 2014, when compared with the respective 2013 period. The increase was due to a change in the Mortgage Servicing Rights hedge position in Mortgage Banking in advance of an anticipated update to certain MSR model assumptions. When such updates were implemented late in the second quarter, the MSR VaR decreased to prior levels. MSR model assumptions are continuously evaluated and periodically updated to reflect recent market behavior.
The average Total VaR for the six months ended June 30, 2014 decreased from the respective 2013 period. The decrease was primarily driven by the risk reduction of the synthetic credit portfolio and lower volatility in the historical one-year look-back period.
The Firm’s average Total VaR diversification benefit was $8 million or 13% of the sum for the three months ended June 30, 2014, compared with $10 million or 18% of the sum for the comparable 2013 period. In general, over the course of the year, VaR exposure can vary significantly as positions change, market volatility fluctuates and diversification benefits change.
 
VaR back-testing
The Firm evaluates the effectiveness of its VaR methodology by back-testing, which compares the daily Risk Management VaR results with the daily gains and losses recognized on market-risk related revenue.
Effective during the fourth quarter of 2013, the Firm revised its definition of market risk-related gains and losses to be consistent with the definition used by the banking regulators under Basel III. Under this definition market risk-related gains and losses are defined as: profits and losses on the Firm’s Risk Management positions, excluding fees, commissions, certain valuation adjustments (e.g., liquidity and DVA), net interest income, and gains and losses arising from intraday trading.
The following chart compares the daily market risk-related gains and losses on the Firm’s Risk Management positions during the six months ended June 30, 2014, under the revised definition. As the chart presents market risk-related gains and losses related to those positions included in the Firm’s Risk Management VaR, the results in the table below differ from the results of backtesting disclosed in the Market Risk section of the Firm’s Basel III Pillar 3 Regulatory Capital Disclosures reports, which are based on Regulatory VaR applied to covered positions. The chart shows that for the six months ended June 30, 2014, the Firm observed no VaR band breaks and posted gains on 89 of the 127 days in this period. The Firm observed no VaR band breaks and posted gains on 42 of the 64 days in the second quarter of 2014.


70




Earnings-at-risk
The VaR and stress-test measures described above illustrate the total economic sensitivity of the Firm’s Consolidated Balance Sheets to changes in market variables. The effect of interest rate exposure on the Firm’s reported net income is also important as interest rate risk represents one of the Firm’s significant market risks. Interest rate risk arises not only from trading activities but also from the Firm’s traditional banking activities, which include extension of loans and credit facilities, taking deposits and issuing debt.
The Firm conducts simulations of changes in structural interest rate-sensitive revenue under a variety of interest rate scenarios. Earnings-at-risk scenarios estimate the potential change in this revenue, and the corresponding impact to the Firm’s pretax core net interest income, over the following 12 months utilizing multiple assumptions. These scenarios highlight exposures to changes in interest rates, pricing sensitivities on deposits, optionality and changes in product mix. The scenarios include forecasted balance sheet changes, as well as prepayment and reinvestment behavior. Mortgage prepayment assumptions are based on current interest rates compared with underlying contractual rates, the time since origination, and other factors which are updated periodically based on historical experience. The Firm’s earnings-at-risk scenarios are periodically evaluated and enhanced in response to changes in the composition of the Firm’s balance sheet, changes in market conditions, improvements in the Firm’s simulation and other factors.

 


JPMorgan Chase’s 12-month pretax core net interest income sensitivity profiles.
(Excludes the impact of trading activities and MSRs)

Instantaneous change in rates

(in millions)
+200bps
+100bps
-100bps
-200bps
June 30, 2014
$
4,635


$
2,798


NM
(a) 
NM
(a) 
(a)
Downward 100- and 200-basis-points parallel shocks result in a federal funds target rate of zero and negative three- and six-month treasury rates. The earnings-at-risk results of such a low-probability scenario are not meaningful.
The Firm’s benefit to rising rates is largely a result of reinvesting at higher yields and assets re-pricing at a faster pace than deposits.
Additionally, another interest rate scenario used by the Firm — involving a steeper yield curve with long-term rates rising by 100 basis points and short-term rates staying at current levels — results in a 12-month pretax core net interest income benefit of $530 million. The increase in core net interest income under this scenario reflects the Firm reinvesting at the higher long-term rates, with funding costs remaining unchanged.



71


COUNTRY RISK MANAGEMENT
Country risk is the risk that a sovereign event or action alters the value or terms of contractual obligations of obligors, counterparties and issuers, or adversely impacts markets related to a country. The Firm has a comprehensive country risk management framework for assessing country risks, determining risk tolerance, and measuring and monitoring direct country exposures in the Firm. The Country Risk Management group is responsible for developing guidelines and policy for managing country risk in both emerging and developed countries. The Country Risk Management group actively monitors the various portfolios giving rise to country risk with an objective of ensuring the Firm’s country risk exposures are diversified and that exposure levels are appropriate given the Firm’s strategy and risk tolerance relative to a country.
For a discussion of the Firm’s Country Risk Management organization, and country risk identification, measurement, monitoring and control, see pages 149–152 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.
 
The following table presents the Firm’s top 20 exposures by country (excluding the U.S.). The selection of countries is based solely on the Firm’s largest total exposures by country, based on the Firm’s internal country risk management approach, and does not represent the Firm’s view of any actual or potentially adverse credit conditions.
Top 20 country exposures
 
 
 
 
June 30, 2014

(in billions)
 
Lending(a)
Trading and investing(b)(c)
Other(d)
Total exposure
United Kingdom
 
$
28.8

$
42.3

$
1.5

$
72.6

Germany
 
11.9

23.6

0.2

35.7

Netherlands
 
9.2

22.2

2.3

33.7

France
 
13.7

16.3

0.3

30.3

Australia
 
7.2

11.4

0.1

18.7

Canada
 
12.7

5.3

0.6

18.6

China
 
11.9

5.6

0.5

18.0

Switzerland
 
8.0

2.5

1.8

12.3

Brazil
 
6.2

5.7


11.9

Hong Kong
 
3.4

3.8

4.5

11.7

Japan
 
8.6

2.6

0.3

11.5

India
 
5.0

6.1

0.4

11.5

Korea
 
5.1

4.8

0.1

10.0

Spain
 
3.4

4.9


8.3

Italy
 
3.5

4.2

0.3

8.0

Mexico
 
2.6

3.9


6.5

Luxembourg
 
2.8

1.5

1.5

5.8

Singapore
 
3.2

1.6

0.9

5.7

Sweden
 
1.7

3.4


5.1

Taiwan
 
2.2

2.6


4.8

(a)
Lending includes loans and accrued interest receivable, net of collateral and the allowance for loan losses, deposits with banks, acceptances, other monetary assets, issued letters of credit net of participations, and undrawn commitments to extend credit. Excludes intra-day and operating exposures, such as from settlement and clearing activities.
(b)
Includes market-making inventory, securities held in AFS accounts, counterparty exposure on derivative and securities financings net of collateral and hedging.
(c)
Includes single-name and index and tranched credit derivatives for which one or more of the underlying reference entities is in a country listed in the above table.
(d)
Includes capital invested in local entities and physical commodity inventory.
The Firm’s country exposure to Russia was $4.6 billion at June 30, 2014. The Firm is closely monitoring events in the region, the impact of current and potential new sanctions on Russia, and the uncertainty this situation is creating in the markets. The Firm is also focused on the economic impact of events to Russia’s financial condition, possible potential for contagion effects, including the risk of disruptions in the natural gas markets, and the impact that any potential sovereign downgrades or credit deterioration would have on the Firm’s credit portfolio, the allowance for loan losses and overall risk exposures.



72


OPERATIONAL RISK MANAGEMENT
Operational risk is the risk of loss resulting from inadequate or failed processes or systems, including human errors, or due to external events that are neither market- nor credit- related. Operational Risk is inherent in each of the Firm’s businesses and Corporate functions, and it can manifest itself in various ways including errors, fraudulent acts, business interruptions, and inappropriate behavior of employees or vendors. These events could result in financial losses, including litigation and regulatory fines, as well as other damage to the Firm, including reputational harm. To monitor and control operational risk, the Firm maintains an overall framework that includes oversight and governance, risk self-assessment, capital measurement, and reporting and monitoring. Risk management is responsible for prescribing this framework for the lines of business and Corporate functions, whose activities give rise to operational risk, which is intended to enable the Firm to function with a sound and well-controlled operational environment. For a further discussion of JPMorgan Chase’s Operational Risk Management, see pages 155–157 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.
Operational Risk Capital Measurement
The Firm’s capital methodology incorporates four required elements of the Advanced Measurement Approach (“AMA”):
Internal losses,
External losses,
Scenario analysis, and
Business environment and internal control factors (“BEICF”).
The primary component of the operating risk capital estimate is the result of a statistical model, the Loss Data Approach (“LDA”), which simulates the frequency and severity of future operational risk losses based on historical data. The LDA model is used to estimate an aggregate operational loss distribution over a one-year time horizon, at a 99.9% confidence level, based on historical internal and external operational loss data in a manner that aligns with the Firm’s LOB structure and the “Basel Event Type” risk categorization. The LDA model incorporates actual operational losses in the quarter following the period in which those losses were realized, and the calculation generally continues to reflect such losses irrespective of whether the issues or business activity giving rise to the losses have been remediated or reduced. 
The LDA is supplemented by both management’s view of plausible tail risk, which is captured as part of the Scenario Analysis process, and evaluation of key LOB internal control metrics (BEICF). The Firm may further supplement such analysis to incorporate management judgment and feedback from its bank regulators.
For information related to operational risk RWA, see Regulatory capital on pages 74–78.
 
Cybersecurity
The Firm devotes significant resources to maintain and regularly update its systems and processes that are designed to protect the security of the Firm’s computer systems, software, networks and other technology assets against attempts by unauthorized parties to obtain access to confidential information, destroy data, disrupt or degrade service, sabotage systems or cause other damage. The Firm and several other U.S. financial institutions continue to experience significant distributed denial-of-service attacks from technically sophisticated and well-resourced unauthorized parties which are intended to disrupt online banking services. The Firm is also regularly targeted by unauthorized parties using malicious code and viruses, and has also experienced other attempts to breach the security of the Firm’s systems and data which, in certain instances, have resulted in unauthorized access to customer account data. The Firm has established, and continues to establish, defenses on an ongoing basis to mitigate these attacks, and these cyberattacks have not, to date, resulted in any material disruption to the Firm’s operations or material harm to the Firm’s customers, and have not had a material adverse effect on the Firm’s results of operations. The Board of Directors and the Audit Committee are regularly apprised regarding the cybersecurity policies and practices of the Firm as well as of significant cybersecurity events.
Third parties with which the Firm does business or that facilitate the Firm’s business activities (e.g., vendors, exchanges, clearing houses, central depositories, and financial intermediaries) could also be sources of cybersecurity risk to the Firm, including with respect to breakdowns or failures of their systems, misconduct by the employees of such parties, or cyberattacks which could affect their ability to deliver a product or service to the Firm or result in lost or compromised information of the Firm or its clients.
The Firm is working with appropriate government agencies and other businesses, including the Firm’s third-party service providers, to continue to enhance defenses and improve resiliency to cybersecurity threats.


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CAPITAL MANAGEMENT
The following discussion of JPMorgan Chase’s capital management highlights developments since December 31, 2013, and should be read in conjunction with the Capital Management section at pages 63-70 and 160–167 of JPMorgan Chase’s first quarter 2014 Form 10-Q and 2013 Annual Report, respectively.
A strong capital position is essential to the Firm’s business strategy and competitive position. The Firm’s capital strategy focuses on long-term stability, which enables the Firm to build and invest in market-leading businesses, even in a highly stressed environment.
In its capital management, the Firm uses three primary disciplines, which are further described below:
Regulatory capital
Economic risk capital
Line of business equity
Regulatory capital
The Federal Reserve establishes capital requirements, including well-capitalized standards, for the consolidated financial holding company. The Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (“OCC”) establishes similar capital requirements and standards for the Firm’s national banks, including JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. and Chase Bank USA, N.A.
The U.S. capital requirements follow the Capital Accord of the Basel Committee, as amended from time to time. Prior to January 1, 2014, the Firm and its banking subsidiaries were subject to the capital requirements of Basel I and Basel 2.5. Effective January 1, 2014, the Firm became subject to Basel III which incorporates Basel 2.5.
Basel III overview
Basel III, for U.S. bank holding companies and banks, revises, among other things, the definition of capital and introduces a new common equity Tier 1 capital (“CET1 capital”) requirement; presents two comprehensive methodologies for calculating risk-weighted assets (“RWA”), a general (Standardized) approach, which replaces Basel I RWA (“Basel III Standardized”) and an advanced approach, which replaces Basel II RWA(“Basel III Advanced”); and sets out minimum capital ratios and overall capital adequacy standards. Certain of the requirements of Basel III are subject to phase-in periods commencing January 1, 2014 through the end of 2018 (“Transitional period”) as described below. For large and internationally active banks, including the Firm and its insured depository institution (“IDI”) subsidiaries, both Basel III Standardized and Basel III Advanced became effective commencing January 1, 2014.
Prior to the implementation of Basel III Advanced, the Firm was required to complete a qualification period (“parallel run”) during which it needed to demonstrate that it met the requirements of the rule to the satisfaction of its U.S. banking regulators. On February 21, 2014, the Federal
 
Reserve and the OCC informed the Firm and its national bank subsidiaries that they had satisfactorily completed the parallel run requirements and were approved to calculate capital under Basel III Advanced, in addition to Basel III Standardized, as of April 1, 2014. In conjunction with its exit from the parallel run, the capital adequacy of the Firm and its national bank subsidiaries is evaluated against the Basel III approach (Standardized or Advanced) which results, for each quarter beginning with the second quarter of 2014, in the lower ratio (the “Collins Floor”), as required by the Collins Amendment of the Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the “Dodd-Frank Act”).
Definition of capital
Basel III revises Basel I and II by narrowing the definition of capital and increasing the capital requirements for specific exposures. Under Basel III, CET1 capital predominantly includes common stockholders’ equity (including capital for AOCI related to debt and equity securities classified as AFS as well as for defined benefit pension and other postretirement employee benefit (“OPEB”) plans), less certain deductions for goodwill, MSRs and deferred tax assets that arise from net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Tier 1 capital is predominantly comprised of CET1 capital as well as perpetual preferred stock. Tier 2 capital includes Tier 1 capital as well as long-term debt qualifying as Tier 2 and qualifying allowance for credit losses. The revisions to CET1 capital, Tier 1 capital and Tier 2 capital are subject to phase-in periods commencing January 1, 2014, through the end of 2018, and during that period, CET1 capital, Tier 1 capital and Tier 2 capital represent Basel III Transitional capital.
Risk-weighted assets
Basel III establishes two comprehensive methodologies for calculating RWA, a Standardized approach and an Advanced approach. Key differences in the calculation of RWA between the Standardized and Advanced approaches include: (1) for Basel III Advanced, credit risk RWA is based on risk-sensitive approaches which largely rely on the use of internal credit models and parameters, whereas for Basel III Standardized, RWA is generally based on supervisory risk-weightings which vary only by counterparty type and asset class; and (2) Basel III Advanced includes RWA for operational risk, whereas Basel III Standardized does not. In addition to the RWA calculated under these methodologies, the Firm may supplement such amounts to incorporate management judgment and feedback from its bank regulators.
Supplementary leverage ratio (“SLR”)
Basel III also includes a requirement for Advanced Approach banking organizations, including the Firm, to calculate a SLR. For additional information on SLR, see page 78.



74


Capital ratios
The basis to calculate the Firm’s capital ratios (both risk-based and leverage) under Basel III during the transitional period and when fully phased-in are shown in the table below.
 
 
Transitional period
 
Fully Phased-In
 
 
2Q14 – 4Q14
 
2015 – 2017
2018
 
2019+
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Capital (Numerator)
 
Basel III Transitional Capital(b)
 
Basel III Capital
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RWA (Denominator)
Standardized Approach
Basel I with 2.5
 
Basel III Standardized
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Advanced
Approach
Basel III Advanced
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Leverage (Denominator)
Leverage
Adjusted average assets(c)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Supplementary leverage(a)
 
 
 
Adjusted average assets(c) + certain off-balance sheet exposures
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(a)
Beginning in 2015, the Firm will report its SLR to its regulators under an observation period. Beginning in 2018, the Firm will be required to publicly disclose its SLR.
(b)
Trust preferred securities (“TruPS”) are to be phased out from inclusion in Basel III Capital commencing January 1, 2014, through the end of 2021.
(c)
Adjusted average assets, for purposes of calculating the leverage ratio and SLR, includes total quarterly average assets adjusted for unrealized gains/(losses) on securities, less deductions for disallowed goodwill and other intangible assets, investments in certain subsidiaries, and the total adjusted carrying value of nonfinancial equity investments that are subject to deductions from Tier 1 capital.

Risk-based capital regulatory minimums
The Basel III rules include minimum capital ratio requirements that are also subject to phase-in periods and will become fully phased-in on January 1, 2019.
In addition to the regulatory minimum capital requirements, global systemically important banks (“GSIBs”) will be required to maintain additional amounts of capital ranging from 1% to 2.5% across all tiers of regulatory capital. In November 2013, the Financial Stability Board (“FSB”) indicated that certain GSIBs, including the Firm, would be required to hold the additional 2.5% of capital; the requirement will be phased-in beginning January 1, 2016. The Basel Committee has stated that GSIBs could in the future be required to hold 3.5% or more of additional capital if their relative systemic importance were to increase. Currently, no GSIB is required to hold more than the additional 2.5% of capital; however, there is no assurance that the Firm, or one or more of the other GSIBs, will not be required to hold more than the additional 2.5% of capital in the future.
Further, certain banking organizations, including the Firm, will be required to hold an additional 2.5% of CET1 capital to serve as a “capital conservation buffer.” The capital conservation buffer is intended to be used to absorb potential losses in times of financial or economic stress; if not maintained, the Firm could be limited in the amount of capital that may be distributed, including dividends and common equity repurchases. The capital conservation buffer will be phased-in beginning January 1, 2016.
Consequently, beginning January 1, 2019, the effective minimum Basel III CET1 capital ratio requirement for the Firm is expected to be 9.5%, comprised of the minimum ratio of 4.5% plus the 2.5% GSIB requirement and the 2.5% capital conservation buffer.
 
Basel III also establishes a minimum 6.5% Tier I common equity standard for the definition of “well capitalized” under the Prompt Corrective Action (“PCA”) requirements of the FDIC Improvement Act (“FDICIA”). The Tier I common equity standard is effective beginning with the first quarter of 2015.
Basel III Advanced Fully Phased-In
Basel III capital rules will become fully phased-in on January 1, 2019, at which point the Firm will continue to calculate its capital ratios under both the Basel III Standardized and Advanced Approaches, and the Firm will continue to have its capital adequacy evaluated against the approach that results in the lower ratio. The Firm is currently managing each of its lines of business (including line of business equity allocations), as well as its Corporate functions, on a Basel III Advanced Fully Phased-In basis.
Currently the Firm’s capital, RWA and capital ratios that are presented under Basel III Advanced Fully Phased-In (and CET1 under Basel I as of December 31, 2013), are non-GAAP financial measures. However, such measures are used by bank regulators, investors and analysts to assess the Firm’s capital position and to compare the Firm’s capital to that of other financial services companies.
The Firm’s estimates of its Basel III Advanced Fully Phased-In capital, RWA and capital ratios and of the Firm’s, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.’s, and Chase Bank USA, N.A.’s SLRs reflect management’s current understanding of the U.S. Basel III rules based on the current published rules and on the application of such rules to the Firm’s businesses as currently conducted. The actual impact on the Firm’s capital ratios and SLR as of the effective date of the rules may differ from the Firm’s current estimates depending on changes the Firm may make to its businesses in the future, further implementation guidance from the regulators, and


75


regulatory approval of certain of the Firm’s internal risk models (or, alternatively, regulatory disapproval of the Firm’s internal risk models that have previously been conditionally approved).
The following table presents the estimated Basel III Fully Phased-In Capital ratios for JPMorgan Chase at June 30, 2014.
 
 
Basel III Advanced Fully Phased-In
 
 
 
 
 
June 30, 2014
 
Fully phased-in minimum capital ratios(b)
Fully phased-in well-capitalized ratios(c)
Risk-based capital ratios:
 
 
 
 
 
CET1 capital
 
9.8
%
 
9.5
%
6.5
%
Tier 1 capital
 
10.9

 
11.0

8.0

Total capital
 
12.2

 
13.0

10.0

Leverage ratio:
 
 
 
 
 
Tier 1
 
7.6

 
4.0

5.0

SLR
 
5.4

(a) 
3.0

5.0

(a)
Reflects the U.S. Final Leverage Ratio NPR issued on April 8, 2014.
(b)
Represents the minimum capital ratios applicable to the Firm under fully phased-in Basel III rules.
(c)
Represents the minimum Basel III Fully Phased-In capital ratios applicable to the Firm under the PCA requirements of FDICIA.

 
A reconciliation of total stockholders’ equity to Basel III Advanced Fully Phased-In CET1 capital, Tier 1 capital and Total qualifying capital is presented in the table below.
Risk-based capital components and assets
 
Basel III Advanced
Fully Phased-In
(in millions)
June 30, 2014

Total stockholders’ equity
$
227,314

Less: Preferred stock
18,463

Common stockholders’ equity
208,851

Less:
 
Goodwill(a)
45,286

Other intangible assets(a)
1,194

Other CET1 capital adjustments
1,772

CET1 capital
160,599

Preferred stock
18,463

Less:
 
Other additional Tier 1 adjustments
137

Total Tier 1 capital
178,925

Long-term debt and other instruments qualifying as Tier 2
15,316

Qualifying allowance for credit losses
5,270

Other
(77
)
Total Tier 2 capital
20,509

Total qualifying capital
$
199,434

Credit risk RWA
$
1,063,270

Market risk RWA
177,507

Operational risk RWA
400,000

Total RWA
$
1,640,777

SLR leverage exposure
$
3,319,183

(a)
Goodwill and other intangible assets are net of any associated deferred tax liabilities.


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Capital rollforward
The following table presents the changes in CET1 capital, Tier 1 capital and Tier 2 capital for the six months ended June 30, 2014. Under Basel I CET1 represents Tier 1 common capital.
Six months ended June 30, (in millions)
2014
Basel I CET1 capital at December 31, 2013
$
148,887

Effect of rule changes(a)
2,315

Basel III Advanced Fully Phased-In CET1 capital at December 31, 2013
151,202

Net income applicable to common equity
10,764

Dividends declared on common stock
(3,023
)
Net purchase of treasury stock
(200
)
Changes in capital surplus
(949
)
Changes related to AOCI
2,112

Adjustment related to FVA/DVA on structured notes and OTC derivatives
614

Other
79

Increase in CET1 capital
9,397

Basel III Advanced Fully Phased-In CET1 capital at June 30, 2014
$
160,599

 
 
Basel I Tier 1 capital at December 31, 2013
$
165,663

Effect of rule changes(b)
(3,295
)
Basel III Advanced Fully Phased-In Tier 1 capital at December 31, 2013
162,368

Change in CET1 capital
9,397

Net issuance of noncumulative perpetual preferred stock
7,305

Other
(145
)
Increase in Tier 1 capital
16,557

Basel III Advanced Fully Phased-In Tier 1 capital at June 30, 2014
$
178,925

 
 
Basel I Tier 2 capital at December 31, 2013
$
33,623

Effect of rule changes(c)
(11,644
)
Basel III Advanced Fully Phased-In Tier 2 capital at December 31, 2013
21,979

Change in long-term debt and other instruments qualifying as Tier 2
(1,379
)
Change in allowance for credit losses
(721
)
Other
630

Decrease in Tier 2 capital
(1,470
)
Basel III Advanced Fully Phased-In Tier 2 capital at June 30, 2014
$
20,509

Basel III Advanced Fully Phased-In Total capital at June 30, 2014
$
199,434

(a)
Predominantly represents: (1) the addition of certain exposures, which were deducted from capital under Basel I, that are risk-weighted under Basel III; (2) adjustments related to AOCI for AFS securities and defined benefit pension and OPEB plans; and (3) a deduction for deferred tax assets related to net operating loss and foreign tax credit carryforwards.
(b)
Predominantly represents the exclusion of TruPS from Tier 1 capital under Basel III.
(c)
Predominantly represents a change in the calculation of qualifying allowance for credit losses under Basel III.
 
RWA rollforward
The following table presents changes in the components of RWA under Basel III Advanced Fully Phased-In for the six months ended June 30, 2014. The amounts in the rollforward categories are estimates, based on the predominant driver of the change.
 
Six Months ended June 30, 2014
(in billions)
Credit risk RWA
 
Market risk RWA
 
Operational risk RWA
 
Total RWA
Basel I RWA at December 31, 2013
$
1,223

 
$
165

 
NA

 
$
1,388

Effect of rule changes(a)
(168
)
 
(4
)
 
375

 
203

Basel III Advanced Fully Phased-In RWA at December 31, 2013
1,055

 
161

 
375

 
1,591

Model & data changes(b)
49

 
39

 
25

 
113

Portfolio runoff(c)
(10
)
 
(19
)
 
 

 
(29
)
Movement in portfolio levels(d)
(31
)
 
(3
)
 
 

 
(34
)
Increase in RWA
8

 
17

 
25

 
50

Basel III Advanced Fully Phased-In RWA at June 30, 2014
$
1,063

 
$
178

 
$
400

 
$
1,641

(a)
Effect of rule changes refers to movements in levels of RWA as a result of changing to calculating RWA under the Basel III Advanced Fully Phased-In rules. See Regulatory capital on pages 74–78 for additional information on the calculation of RWA under Basel III.
(b)
Model & data changes refer to movements in levels of RWA as a result of revised methodologies and/or treatment per regulatory guidance (exclusive of rule changes).
(c)
Portfolio runoff for credit risk RWA reflects lower loan balances in Mortgage Banking and for market risk RWA reflects reduced risk from position rolloffs in legacy portfolios.
(d)
Movement in portfolio levels for credit risk RWA refers to changes in book size, composition, credit quality, and market movements; and for market risk RWA, refers to changes in position and market movements.
Basel III Transitional
Basel III Transitional capital requirements became effective on January 1, 2014, and remain in effect until Basel III becomes fully phased-in at the end of 2018. The following table presents a reconciliation of the Firm’s estimated Basel III Fully Phased-In CET1 capital to the Firm’s Basel III Transitional CET1 capital as of June 30, 2014.
June 30, 2014
(in millions, except ratios)
 
Estimated Basel III Fully Phased-In CET1 capital
$
160,599

Adjustments related to AOCI(a)
(2,860
)
Adjustment for deferred tax assets related to net operating loss and foreign tax credit carryforwards
572

All other adjustments(b)
1,775

Basel III Transitional CET1 capital
$
160,086

Basel III Advanced Transitional RWA(c)
$
1,626,427

(a)
Includes the remaining balance of AOCI related to AFS securities and employee benefit plans that will qualify as Basel III CET1 capital upon full phase-in but are not included in Basel III Transitional CET1 capital.
(b)
Predominantly includes identified intangible assets and DVA/FVA on structured notes and OTC derivatives related to the Firm’s own credit quality that will no longer qualify as Basel III CET1 capital upon full
phase-in.
(c)
The difference between the calculation of the Firm’s Basel III Advanced Fully Phased-In RWA and its Basel III Advanced Transitional RWA is predominantly due to a change in the risk-weighting of MSRs.


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The following table presents the regulatory capital ratios as of June 30, 2014, under Basel III Standardized Transitional and Basel III Advanced Transitional. Also included in the table are the regulatory minimum ratios in effect as of June 30, 2014.
 
June 30, 2014
 
 
 
 
 
Basel III Standardized Transitional
Basel III Advanced Transitional
 
Minimum capital ratios(b)
Well-capitalized ratios(c)
 
Risk-based capital ratios(a):
 
 
 
 
 
 
CET1 capital
11.0
%
9.8
%
 
4.0
%
NA

(d) 
Tier 1 capital
12.3

11.1

 
5.5

6.0
%
 
Total capital
14.7

12.5

 
8.0

10.0

 
Leverage ratio:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Tier 1 leverage
7.6

7.6

 
4.0

5.0

 
(a)
The lower of the Standardized Transitional or Advanced Transitional ratio represents the Collins Floor.
(b)
Represents the minimum capital ratios for 2014 currently applicable to the Firm under Basel III.
(c)
Represents the minimum capital ratios for 2014 currently applicable to the Firm under the PCA requirements of the FDICIA.
(d)
In addition to the 2014 well-capitalized standards, beginning January 1, 2015, Basel III Transitional CET1 capital, and the Basel III Standardized Transitional and the Basel III Advanced Transitional CET1 capital ratios become relevant capital measures under the prompt corrective action requirements defined by the regulations.
At June 30, 2014, JPMorgan Chase maintained Basel III Standardized Transitional and Basel III Advanced Transitional capital ratios in excess of the well-capitalized standards established by the Federal Reserve.
Additional information regarding the Firm’s capital ratios and the U.S. federal regulatory capital standards to which the Firm is subject is presented in Note 20 of this Form 10-Q, and the Supervision and Regulation section of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 10-K. For further information on the Firm’s Basel III measures and additional market risk disclosures, see the Firm’s consolidated Basel III Pillar 3 Regulatory Capital Disclosures reports, which are available on the Firm’s website (http://investor.shareholder.com/jpmorganchase/basel.cfm).
Supplementary leverage ratio
Basel III also includes a requirement for Advanced Approach banking organizations, including the Firm, to calculate a SLR. The SLR, a non-GAAP financial measure, is defined as Tier 1 capital under Basel III divided by the Firm’s total leverage exposure. Total leverage exposure is calculated by taking the Firm’s total average on-balance sheet assets, less amounts permitted to be deducted for Tier 1 capital, and adding certain off-balance sheet exposures, such as undrawn commitments and derivatives potential future exposure.
The U.S. banking agencies have issued proposed rulemaking relating to the SLR that would require U.S. bank holding companies, including the Firm, to have a minimum SLR of at least 5% and IDIs, including JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. and Chase Bank USA, N.A., to have a minimum SLR of at least 6%. The SLR for the Firm and its IDI subsidiaries will become effective beginning on January 1, 2018. On
 
January 12, 2014, the Basel Committee issued a revised framework for the calculation of the denominator of the SLR. On April 8, 2014, the U.S. banking regulators issued an Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (“NPR”) for calculating the SLR. The Firm expects the Basel Committee’s revisions to be adopted by the U.S. banking agencies prior to the effective date of the SLR.
The Firm estimates, based on its current understanding of the U.S. rules, including the NPR, and the revised Basel framework, that if the rules were in effect at June 30, 2014, the Firm’s SLR would have been approximately 5.4% and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.’s and Chase Bank USA, N.A.’s SLRs would have been approximately 5.6% and 8.2%, respectively, at that date.
Comprehensive Capital Analysis and Review (“CCAR”)
The Federal Reserve requires large bank holding companies, including the Firm, to submit a capital plan on an annual basis. The Federal Reserve uses the CCAR and Dodd-Frank Act stress test processes to ensure that large bank holding companies have sufficient capital during periods of economic and financial stress, and have robust, forward-looking capital assessment and planning processes in place that address each bank holding company’s unique risks to enable them to have the ability to absorb losses under certain stress scenarios. Through the CCAR, the Federal Reserve evaluates each bank holding company’s capital adequacy and internal capital adequacy assessment processes, as well as its plans to make capital distributions, such as dividend payments or stock repurchases.
For the 2014 CCAR process, the Federal Reserve introduced, in addition to the Basel I CET1 capital standards, a Basel III CET1 capital regulatory minimum of 4% for 2014 projections and 4.5% for 2015 projections.
On March 26, 2014, the Federal Reserve informed the Firm that it did not object, on either a quantitative or qualitative basis, to the Firm’s 2014 capital plan. For information on actions taken by the Firm’s Board of Directors following the 2014 CCAR results, see Capital Actions on pages 79-80.
Regulatory capital outlook
The Firm’s capital targets and minimums are calibrated to the U.S. Basel III requirements. The Firm’s key Basel III Advanced Fully Phased-In target ratios are 10%+ for the CET1 capital ratio and 11%+ for the Tier 1 capital ratio, both targeted to be reached by the end of 2014, and a long-term target of 10-10.5% for the CET1 capital ratio. Additionally, management has established a long-term target ratio for the Firm’s SLR of 5.5%+/- and for JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.’s SLR of 6%+.
These target levels will enable the Firm to retain market access, continue the Firm’s strategy to invest in and grow its businesses and maintain flexibility to distribute excess capital. The Firm intends to manage its capital so that it achieves the required capital levels and composition in line with, or ahead of, required timetables.


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Economic risk capital
Economic risk capital is another of the disciplines the Firm uses to assess the capital required to support its businesses. Economic risk capital is a measure of the capital needed to cover JPMorgan Chase’s business activities in the event of unexpected losses. The Firm measures economic risk capital using internal risk-assessment methodologies and models based primarily on four risk factors: credit, market, operational and private equity risk and considers factors, assumptions and inputs that differ from those required to be used for regulatory capital requirements. Accordingly, economic risk capital provides a complementary measure to regulatory capital. As economic risk capital is a separate component of the capital framework for Advanced Approach banking organizations under Basel III, the Firm is in the process of enhancing its economic risk capital framework.
Line of business equity
Equity for a line of business represents the amount the Firm believes the business would require if it were operating independently, considering capital levels for similarly rated peers, regulatory capital requirements (as estimated under Basel III Advanced Fully Phased-In) and economic risk measures. Capital is also allocated to each line of business for, among other things, goodwill and other intangibles associated with acquisitions effected by the line of business. ROE is measured and internal targets for expected returns are established as key measures of a business segment’s performance.
Line of business equity
 
 

(in billions)
 
June 30, 2014
 
December 31, 2013
Consumer & Community Banking
 
$
51.0

 
$
46.0

Corporate & Investment Bank
 
61.0

 
56.5

Commercial Banking
 
14.0

 
13.5

Asset Management
 
9.0

 
9.0

Corporate/Private Equity
 
73.9

 
75.0

Total common stockholders’ equity
 
$
208.9

 
$
200.0

Line of business equity
 
Quarterly average
(in billions)
 
2Q14

 
4Q13

 
2Q13

Consumer & Community Banking
 
$
51.0

 
$
46.0

 
$
46.0

Corporate & Investment Bank
 
61.0

 
56.5

 
56.5

Commercial Banking
 
14.0

 
13.5

 
13.5

Asset Management
 
9.0

 
9.0

 
9.0

Corporate/Private Equity
 
71.2

 
71.4

 
72.3

Total common stockholders’ equity
 
$
206.2

 
$
196.4

 
$
197.3

 
Effective January 1, 2014, the Firm revised the capital allocated to certain businesses and will continue to assess the level of capital required for each line of business, as well as the assumptions and methodologies used to allocate capital to the business segments. Further refinements may be implemented in future periods.
Capital actions
Dividends
The Firm’s common stock dividend policy reflects JPMorgan Chase’s earnings outlook, desired dividend payout ratio, capital objectives, and alternative investment opportunities.
The Firm’s current expectation is to continue to target a payout ratio of approximately 30% of normalized earnings over time. Following the Federal Reserve’s release of the 2014 CCAR results, on May 20, 2014, the Board of Directors increased the quarterly common stock dividend from $0.38 to $0.40 per share, effective with the dividend paid on July 31, 2014, to stockholders of record on July 3, 2014.
At June 30, 2014, the Firm had outstanding 59.8 million warrants to purchase shares of common stock of the Firm. The warrants are exercisable, in whole or in part, at any time and from time to time until October 28, 2018. The number of shares issuable upon the exercise of each warrant and the exercise price are subject to adjustment upon the occurrence of certain events, including, but not limited to, the extent regular quarterly cash dividends exceed $0.38 per share. On July 1, 2014, the Firm announced, in accordance with the terms of the warrants, the warrant exercise price was reduced from $42.42 to $42.405 per share effective as of the close of business on July 3, 2014. This adjustment resulted from the aforementioned dividend increase to $0.40 per share on the outstanding shares of the Firm’s common stock. This dividend increase did not result in a change in the number of shares issuable upon the exercise of each warrant.
For information regarding dividend restrictions, see Note 22 and Note 27 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.
Preferred stock
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2014, the Firm issued $3.4 billion and $7.3 billion, respectively, of noncumulative preferred stock. Preferred stock dividends declared were $268 million and $495 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014, respectively. Assuming all preferred stock issuances were outstanding for the entire period and quarterly dividends were declared on such issuances, preferred stock dividends would have been $300 million for the quarter ended June 30, 2014. For additional information on the Firm’s preferred stock, see Note 22 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report and Note 2 of this Form 10-Q.
Common equity
On March 13, 2012, the Board of Directors authorized a $15.0 billion common equity (i.e., common stock and warrants) repurchase program. The amount of equity that


79


may be repurchased by the Firm is also subject to the amount that is set forth in the Firm’s annual capital plan submitted to the Federal Reserve as part of the CCAR process. In conjunction with the Federal Reserve’s release of its 2014 CCAR results, the Firm’s Board of Directors has authorized the Firm to repurchase $6.5 billion of common equity between April 1, 2014, and March 31, 2015. As of June 30, 2014, $5.0 billion (on a trade-date basis) of such repurchase capacity remains. This authorization includes shares repurchased to offset issuances under the Firm’s equity-based compensation plans.
The following table sets forth the Firm’s repurchases of common equity for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, on a trade-date basis. As of June 30, 2014, $6.8 billion (on a trade-date basis) of authorized capacity remained under the $15.0 billion repurchase program. There were no warrants repurchased during the three and six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013.
 
 
Three months ended
June 30,
 
Six months ended
June 30,
(in millions)
 
2014
 
2013
 
2014
 
2013
Total shares of common stock repurchased
 
26

 
24

 
33

 
78

Aggregate common stock repurchases
 
$
1,462

 
$
1,201

 
$
1,862

 
$
3,801

The Firm may, from time to time, enter into written trading plans under Rule 10b5-1 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 to facilitate repurchases in accordance with the common equity repurchase program. A Rule 10b5-1 repurchase plan allows the Firm to repurchase its equity during periods when it would not otherwise be repurchasing common equity — for example, during internal trading “black-out periods.” All purchases under a Rule 10b5-1 plan must be made according to a predefined plan established when the Firm is not aware of material nonpublic information.
The authorization to repurchase common equity will be utilized at management’s discretion, and the timing of purchases and the exact amount of common equity that may be repurchased is subject to various factors, including market conditions; legal and regulatory considerations affecting the amount and timing of repurchase activity; the Firm’s capital position (taking into account goodwill and intangibles); internal capital generation; and alternative investment opportunities. The repurchase program does not include specific price targets or timetables; may be executed through open market purchases or privately negotiated transactions, or utilizing Rule 10b5-1 programs; and may be suspended at any time.
For additional information regarding repurchases of the Firm’s equity securities, see Part II, Item 5: Market for registrant’s common equity, related stockholder matters and issuer purchases of equity securities on pages 20–21 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Form 10-K.

 
Broker-dealer regulatory capital
JPMorgan Chase’s principal U.S. broker-dealer subsidiaries are J.P. Morgan Securities LLC (“JPMorgan Securities”) and J.P. Morgan Clearing Corp. (“JPMorgan Clearing”). JPMorgan Clearing is a subsidiary of JPMorgan Securities and provides clearing and settlement services. JPMorgan Securities and JPMorgan Clearing are each subject to Rule 15c3-1 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Net Capital Rule”). JPMorgan Securities and JPMorgan Clearing are also each registered as futures commission merchants and subject to Rule 1.17 of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (“CFTC”).
JPMorgan Securities and JPMorgan Clearing have elected to compute their minimum net capital requirements in accordance with the “Alternative Net Capital Requirements” of the Net Capital Rule. At June 30, 2014, JPMorgan Securities’ net capital, as defined by the Net Capital Rule, was $13.6 billion, exceeding the minimum requirement by $11.4 billion, and JPMorgan Clearing’s net capital was $8.0 billion, exceeding the minimum requirement by $6.0 billion.
In addition to its minimum net capital requirement, JPMorgan Securities is required to hold tentative net capital in excess of $1.0 billion and is also required to notify the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) in the event that tentative net capital is less than $5.0 billion, in accordance with the market and credit risk standards of Appendix E of the Net Capital Rule. As of June 30, 2014, JPMorgan Securities had tentative net capital in excess of the minimum and notification requirements.
J.P. Morgan Securities plc is a wholly owned subsidiary of JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. and is the Firm’s principal operating subsidiary in the U.K. It has authority to engage in banking, investment banking and broker-dealer activities. J.P. Morgan Securities plc is jointly regulated by the U.K. Prudential Regulation Authority (“PRA”) and Financial Conduct Authority (“FCA”). Commencing January 1, 2014, J.P. Morgan Securities plc became subject to the U.K. Basel III capital rules. At June 30, 2014, J.P. Morgan Securities plc had estimated total capital of $27.6 billion and its estimated CET1 capital ratio of 8.2% and estimated Total capital ratio of 11.2% both exceeded the minimum standards applicable under European Union (“EU”)/U.K. Basel III capital rules (5.1% and 9.1%, respectively), including all required add-ons applied by the U.K. PRA.



80


LIQUIDITY RISK MANAGEMENT
Liquidity risk management is intended to ensure that the Firm has the appropriate amount, composition and tenor of funding and liquidity in support of its assets. The primary objectives of effective liquidity management are to ensure that the Firm’s core businesses are able to operate in support of client needs and meet contractual and contingent obligations through normal economic cycles, as well as during market stress events, and to maintain debt ratings that enable the Firm to optimize its funding mix and liquidity sources while minimizing costs. The following discussion of JPMorgan Chase’s Liquidity Risk Management should be read in conjunction with pages 168–173 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.
Management considers the Firm’s liquidity position to be strong as of June 30, 2014, and believes that the Firm’s unsecured and secured funding capacity is sufficient to meet its on- and off-balance sheet obligations.
LCR and NSFR
In December 2010, the Basel Committee introduced two new measures of liquidity risk: the liquidity coverage ratio (“LCR”), which is intended to measure the amount of “high-quality liquid assets” (“HQLA”) held by the Firm in relation to estimated net cash outflows within a 30-day period during an acute stress event; and the net stable funding ratio (“NSFR”), which is intended to measure the “available” amount of stable funding relative to the “required” amount of stable funding over a one-year horizon. The standards require that the LCR be no lower than 100% and the NSFR be greater than 100%.
In January 2013, the Basel Committee introduced certain amendments to the formulation of the LCR, and a revised timetable to phase in the standard. The LCR will become effective on January 1, 2015, but the minimum requirement will begin at 60%, increasing in equal annual increments to reach 100% on January 1, 2019. At June 30, 2014, the Firm was compliant with the fully phased-in Basel III LCR standard.
On October 24, 2013, the U.S. banking regulators released a proposal to implement a U.S. quantitative liquidity requirement consistent with, but more conservative than, Basel III LCR for large banks and bank holding companies(“U.S. LCR”). The proposal also provides for an accelerated transition period compared with current requirements under the Basel III LCR rules. At June 30, 2014, the Firm was also compliant with the fully phased-in U.S. LCR based on its current understanding of the proposed rules.
 
The Firm’s LCR may fluctuate from period-to-period due to normal flows from client activity.
Funding
Sources of funds
The Firm funds its global balance sheet through diverse sources of funding, including a stable deposit franchise as well as secured and unsecured funding in the capital markets. The Firm’s loan portfolio, aggregating approximately $747.0 billion at June 30, 2014, is funded with a portion of the Firm’s deposits aggregating approximately $1,319.8 billion at June 30, 2014, and through securitizations and, with respect to a portion of the Firm’s real estate-related loans, with secured borrowings from the Federal Home Loan Banks. Deposits in excess of the amount utilized to fund loans are primarily invested in the Firm’s investment securities portfolio or deployed in cash or other short-term liquid investments based on their interest rate and liquidity risk characteristics. Capital markets secured financing assets and trading assets are primarily funded by the Firm’s capital markets secured financing liabilities, trading liabilities and a portion of the Firm’s long-term debt and equity.
In addition to funding capital markets assets, proceeds from the Firm’s debt and equity issuances are used to fund certain loans, and other financial and non-financial assets, or may be invested in the Firm’s investment securities portfolio. See the discussion below for additional disclosures relating to Deposits, Short-term funding, and Long-term funding and issuance.
Deposits
A key strength of the Firm is its diversified deposit franchise, through each of its lines of business, which provides a stable source of funding and limits reliance on the wholesale funding markets. The Firm’s loans-to-deposits ratio was 57% at both June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013.
As of June 30, 2014, total deposits for the Firm were $1,319.8 billion, compared with $1,287.8 billion at December 31, 2013 (58% of total liabilities at both June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013). The increase was attributable to both higher consumer and wholesale deposits. For further information, see Balance Sheet Analysis on pages 13–14.


81


The Firm typically experiences higher customer deposit inflows at period-ends. Therefore, the Firm believes average deposit balances are more representative of deposit trends. The table below summarizes, by line of business, the deposits balance as of June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, respectively, as well as average deposits for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively.
 
 
 
 
Three months ended June 30,
 
Six months ended June 30,
Deposits
June 30,
December 31,
 
Average
 
Average
(in millions)
2014
2013
 
2014
2013
 
2014
2013
Consumer & Community Banking
$
488,681

$
464,412

 
$
486,064

$
453,586

 
$
478,862

$
447,494

Corporate & Investment Bank
463,898

446,237

 
402,532

370,189

 
406,853

363,369

Commercial Banking
202,966

206,127

 
186,369

181,844

 
187,571

182,020

Asset Management
145,655

146,183

 
147,747

136,577

 
148,585

138,001

Corporate/Private Equity
18,551

24,806

 
21,287

31,437

 
22,268

27,907

Total Firm
$
1,319,751

$
1,287,765

 
$
1,243,999

$
1,173,633

 
$
1,244,139

$
1,158,791

A significant portion of the Firm’s deposits are consumer deposits (37% and 36% at June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, respectively), which are considered more stable as they are less sensitive to interest rate changes or market volatility. Additionally, the majority of the Firm’s wholesale deposits are also considered to be stable sources of funding since they are generated from customers that maintain operating service relationships with the Firm. For further discussions of deposit and liability balance trends, see the discussion of the results for the Firm’s business segments and the Balance Sheet Analysis on pages 19–49 and pages 13–14, respectively.
The following table summarizes short-term and long-term funding, excluding deposits, as of June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, and average balances for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively. For additional information, see the Balance Sheet Analysis on pages 13–14 and Note 12.
 
June 30, 2014
December 31, 2013
 
Three months ended June 30,
 
Six months ended
June 30,
Sources of funds (excluding deposits)
 
Average
 
Average
(in millions)
 
2014
2013
 
2014
2013
Commercial paper:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Wholesale funding
$
18,445

$
17,249

 
$
18,559

$
19,352

 
$
18,791

$
18,426

Client cash management
45,359

40,599

 
41,201

35,039

 
40,433

35,315

Total commercial paper
$
63,804

$
57,848

 
$
59,760

$
54,391

 
$
59,224

$
53,741

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other borrowed funds
$
34,713

$
27,994

 
$
32,720

$
33,618

 
$
31,085

$
30,600

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Securities loaned or sold under agreements to repurchase:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase
$
192,541

$
155,808

 
$
184,724

$
231,358

 
$
178,520

$
225,355

Securities loaned
20,501

19,509

 
23,631

28,346

 
23,189

27,591

Total securities loaned or sold under agreements to repurchase(a)(b)(c)
$
213,042

$
175,317

 
$
208,355

$
259,704

 
$
201,709

$
252,946

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total senior notes
$
140,015

$
135,754

 
$
139,722

$
140,573

 
$
138,716

$
138,119

Trust preferred securities
5,474

5,445

 
5,468

7,472

 
5,462

8,922

Subordinated debt
29,200

29,578

 
29,053

27,426

 
29,227

26,956

Structured notes
30,878

28,603

 
30,403

29,666

 
29,676

29,959

Total long-term unsecured funding
$
205,567

$
199,380

 
$
204,646

$
205,137

 
$
203,081

$
203,956

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Credit card securitization
$
28,439

$
26,580

 
$
29,377

$
28,447

 
$
28,472

$
28,391

Other securitizations(d)
3,068

3,253

 
3,151

3,563

 
3,196

3,614

FHLB advances
60,385

61,876

 
61,189

59,463

 
61,246

52,438

Other long-term secured funding(e)
3,977

6,633

 
5,359

6,196

 
5,976

6,212

Total long-term secured funding
$
95,869

$
98,342

 
$
99,076

$
97,669

 
$
98,890

$
90,655

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Preferred stock(f)
$
18,463

$
11,158

 
$
15,763

$
11,095

 
$
14,666

$
10,355

Common stockholders’ equity(f)
$
208,851

$
200,020

 
$
206,159

$
197,283

 
$
203,989

$
196,016

(a)
Excludes federal funds purchased.
(b)
Excluded long-term structured repurchase agreements of $2.4 billion and $4.6 billion as of June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, respectively, and average balance of $3.7 billion and $3.3 billion for the three months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively, and $4.4 billion and $3.3 billion for the six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively.
(c)
Excluded long-term securities loaned of $483 million as of December 31, 2013; there were no long-term securities loaned as of, or for the three months ended, June 30, 2014. Excluded average balance of $453 million for the three months ended June 30, 2013, and $48 million and $454 million for the six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

82


(d)
Other securitizations includes securitizations of residential mortgages and student loans. The Firm’s wholesale businesses also securitize loans for client-driven transactions; those client-driven loan securitizations are not considered to be a source of funding for the Firm and are not included in the table.
(e)
Includes long-term structured notes which are secured.
(f)
For additional information on preferred stock and common stockholders’ equity see Capital Management on pages 74–80 and the Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity on page 93 of this Form 10-Q, and Note 22 and Note 23 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.
Short-term funding
A significant portion of the Firm’s total commercial paper liabilities, approximately 71% as of June 30, 2014, are not sourced from wholesale funding markets, but were originated from deposits that customers choose to sweep into commercial paper liabilities as a cash management program offered to customers of the Firm.
The Firm’s sources of short-term secured funding primarily consist of securities loaned or sold under agreements to repurchase. Securities loaned or sold under agreements to repurchase are secured predominantly by high-quality securities collateral, including government-issued debt, agency debt and agency MBS, and constitute a significant portion of the federal funds purchased and securities loaned or sold under purchase agreements. The amount of securities loaned or sold under agreements to repurchase at June 30, 2014, compared with the balance at December 31, 2013, increased due to higher financing of the Firm’s trading assets-debt and equity instruments as well as investment securities portfolio, and a change in the mix of the Firm’s funding sources. The decrease in average balances for the three months and six months ended June 30, 2014, compared with June 30, 2013, was primarily driven by lower trading assets-debt and equity instruments funding through secured financing activities, and a change in the mix of the Firm’s funding sources. The balances associated with securities loaned or sold under agreements to repurchase fluctuate over time due to customers’ investment and financing activities; the Firm’s demand for financing; the ongoing management of the mix of the Firm’s liabilities, including its secured and unsecured financing (for both the investment securities and market-making portfolios); and other market and portfolio factors.
Long-term funding and issuance
Long-term funding provides additional sources of stable funding and liquidity for the Firm. The Firm’s long-term funding plan is driven by expected client activity and the liquidity required to support this activity. Long-term funding objectives include maintaining diversification, maximizing market access and optimizing funding cost, as well as maintaining a certain level of pre-funding at the parent holding company. The Firm evaluates various funding markets, tenors and currencies in creating its optimal long-term funding plan.
The majority of the Firm’s long-term unsecured funding is issued by the parent holding company to provide maximum flexibility in support of both bank and nonbank subsidiary funding. The following table summarizes long-term unsecured issuance and maturities or redemptions for the three months and six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013. For additional information, see Note 21 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.
 
Long-term unsecured funding
Three months
ended June 30,
Six months
ended June 30,
(in millions)
2014
2013
2014
2013
Issuance
 
 
 
 
Senior notes issued in the U.S. market
$
3,991

$
5,434

$
13,478

$
18,832

Senior notes issued in non-U.S. markets
1,618

5,419

5,466

6,774

Total senior notes
5,609

10,853

18,944

25,606

Subordinated debt

1,989


1,989

Structured notes
4,569

4,619

10,305

9,664

Total long-term unsecured funding – issuance
$
10,178

$
17,461

$
29,249

$
37,259

 
 
 
 
 
Maturities/redemptions
 
 
 
 
Total senior notes
$
8,583

$
9,506

$
17,400

$
13,513

Trust preferred securities

5,052


5,052

Subordinated debt


600

2,417

Structured notes
4,034

4,668

8,850

9,478

Total long-term unsecured funding – maturities/redemptions
$
12,617

$
19,226

$
26,850

$
30,460


The Firm raises secured long-term funding through securitization of consumer credit card loans and advances from the FHLBs. It may also in the future raise long-term funding through securitization of residential mortgages, auto loans and student loans, which would increase funding and investor diversity.


83


The following table summarizes the securitization issuance and Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) advances and their respective maturities or redemption for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively.
 
Three months ended June 30,
 
Six months ended June 30,
Long-term secured funding
Issuance
 
Maturities/Redemptions
 
Issuance
 
Maturities/Redemptions
(in millions)
2014
2013
 
2014
2013
 
2014
2013
 
2014
2013
Credit card securitization
$
3,800

$
2,860

 
$
2,473

$
2,147

 
$
5,550

$
4,760

 
$
3,774

$
6,265

Other securitizations(a)


 
93

119

 


 
185

220

FHLB advances

4,850

 
1,481

2

 
1,000

19,550

 
2,490

706

Other long-term secured funding
$
293

$
69

 
$
2,899

$
23

 
$
333

$
195

 
$
2,996

$
116

Total long-term secured funding
$
4,093

$
7,779

 
$
6,946

$
2,291

 
$
6,883

$
24,505

 
$
9,445

$
7,307

(a)
Other securitizations includes securitizations of residential mortgages and student loans.
Subsequent to June 30, 2014, the Firm securitized $500 million of consumer credit card loans.
The Firm’s wholesale businesses also securitize loans for client-driven transactions; those client-driven loan securitizations are not considered to be a source of funding for the Firm and are not included in the table above. For further description of the client-driven loan securitizations, see Note 16 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.
Parent holding company and subsidiary funding
The parent holding company acts as an important source of funding to its subsidiaries. The Firm’s liquidity management is intended to ensure that liquidity at the parent holding company is maintained at levels sufficient to fund the operations of the parent holding company and its subsidiaries for an extended period of time in a stress environment where access to normal funding sources is disrupted.
To effectively monitor the adequacy of liquidity and funding at the parent holding company, the Firm targets pre-funding of the parent holding company to ensure that both contractual and non-contractual obligations can be met for at least 18 months assuming no access to wholesale funding markets. However, due to conservative liquidity management actions taken by the Firm, the current pre-funding of such obligations is greater than target. For further discussion on liquidity at the parent holding company see Liquidity Risk Management on pages 168–173 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.
HQLA
HQLA is the estimated amount of assets that qualify for inclusion in the Basel III LCR. HQLA primarily consists of cash and certain unencumbered high quality liquid assets as defined in the rule.
As of June 30, 2014, HQLA was estimated to be approximately $576 billion, compared with $522 billion as of December 31, 2013. The increase in HQLA was due to higher cash balances primarily driven by higher deposit balances, increased securities sold under repurchase agreements and preferred stock issuance, partially offset by higher loan balances. HQLA may fluctuate from period-to-period primarily due to normal flows from client activity.
 
The following table presents the estimated HQLA included in the Basel III LCR broken out by HQLA-eligible cash and HQLA-eligible securities as of June 30, 2014.
(in billions)
June 30, 2014
HQLA(a)
 
Eligible cash(b)
$
348

Eligible securities(c)
228

Total HQLA
$
576

(a)
HQLA under the proposed U.S. LCR is estimated to be lower than the total HQLA shown in this table primarily due to exclusions of certain security types, based on the Firm’s understanding of the proposed rule.
(b)
Primarily cash on deposit at central banks.
(c)
Primarily includes U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities, U.S. Treasuries, sovereign bonds and other government-guaranteed or government-sponsored securities.
In addition to HQLA, as of June 30, 2014, the Firm had approximately $262 billion of unencumbered marketable securities, such as equity securities and fixed income debt securities, available to raise liquidity, if required. Furthermore, the Firm maintains borrowing capacity at various FHLBs, the Federal Reserve Bank discount window and various other central banks as a result of collateral pledged by the Firm to such banks. Although available, the Firm does not view the borrowing capacity at the Federal Reserve Bank discount window and the various other central banks as a primary source of liquidity. As of June 30, 2014, the Firm’s remaining borrowing capacity at various FHLBs and the Federal Reserve Bank discount window was approximately $145 billion. This borrowing capacity excludes the benefit of securities included in HQLA or other unencumbered securities held at the Federal Reserve Bank discount window for which the Firm has not drawn liquidity.
Stress testing
Liquidity stress tests are intended to ensure sufficient liquidity for the Firm under a variety of adverse scenarios. Results of stress tests are therefore considered in the formulation of the Firm’s funding plan and assessment of its liquidity position. For additional information on liquidity stress tests see Liquidity Risk Management on pages 168–173 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.


84


Contingency funding plan
The Firm’s contingency funding plan (“CFP”), which is reviewed and approved by the Asset and Liability Committee (“ALCO”), provides a documented framework for managing both temporary and longer-term unexpected adverse liquidity stress. The CFP incorporates the limits and indicators set by the Liquidity Risk Oversight group. These limits and indicators are reviewed regularly to identify emerging risks or increased vulnerabilities in the Firm’s liquidity position. The CFP is also regularly updated to identify alternative contingent liquidity resources that can be accessed under adverse liquidity circumstances.



 
Credit ratings
The cost and availability of financing are influenced by credit ratings. Reductions in these ratings could have an adverse effect on the Firm’s access to liquidity sources, increase the cost of funds, trigger additional collateral or funding requirements and decrease the number of investors and counterparties willing to lend to the Firm. Additionally, the Firm’s funding requirements for VIEs and other third party commitments may be adversely affected by a decline in credit ratings. For additional information on the impact of a credit ratings downgrade on the funding requirements for VIEs, and on derivatives and collateral agreements, see Special-purpose entities on page 15, and Credit risk, liquidity risk and credit-related contingent features in
Note 5.

The credit ratings of the parent holding company and certain of the Firm’s significant operating subsidiaries as of June 30, 2014, were as follows.
 
JPMorgan Chase & Co.
 
JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.
Chase Bank USA, N.A.
 
J.P. Morgan Securities LLC
June 30, 2014
Long-term issuer
Short-term issuer
Outlook
 
Long-term issuer
Short-term issuer
Outlook
 
Long-term issuer
Short-term issuer
Outlook
Moody’s Investor Services
A3
P-2
Stable
 
Aa3
P-1
Stable
 
Aa3
P-1
Stable
Standard & Poor’s
A
A-1
Negative
 
A+
A-1
Stable
 
A+
A-1
Stable
Fitch Ratings
A+
F1
Stable
 
A+
F1
Stable
 
A+
F1
Stable
Downgrades of the Firm’s long-term ratings by one or two notches could result in a downgrade of the Firm’s short-term ratings. If this were to occur, the Firm believes its cost of funds could increase and access to certain funding markets could be reduced. The nature and magnitude of the impact of ratings downgrades depends on numerous contractual and behavioral factors (which the Firm believes are incorporated in its liquidity risk and stress testing metrics). The Firm believes it maintains sufficient liquidity to withstand a potential decrease in funding capacity due to ratings downgrades.
JPMorgan Chase’s unsecured debt does not contain requirements that would call for an acceleration of payments, maturities or changes in the structure of the existing debt, provide any limitations on future borrowings
 
or require additional collateral, based on unfavorable changes in the Firm’s credit ratings, financial ratios, earnings, or stock price.
Critical factors in maintaining high credit ratings include a stable and diverse earnings stream, strong capital ratios, strong credit quality and risk management controls, diverse funding sources, and disciplined liquidity monitoring procedures. Rating agencies continue to evaluate economic and geopolitical trends, regulatory developments, rating uplift assumptions surrounding government support, future profitability, risk management practices, and litigation matters, all of which could lead to adverse ratings actions. For example, S&P has announced that it may change its ratings methodology for hybrid capital securities (including preferred stock), and Fitch has announced a review of the ratings differential that it applies between bank holding companies and their bank subsidiaries. Although the Firm closely monitors and endeavors to manage factors influencing its credit ratings, there is no assurance that its credit ratings will not be changed in the future.


SUPERVISION AND REGULATION
For further information on Supervision and Regulation, see the Supervision and regulation section on pages 1–9 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Form 10-K.
 
Dividends
At June 30, 2014, JPMorgan Chase estimated that its banking subsidiaries could pay, in the aggregate, approximately $39 billion in dividends to their respective bank holding companies without the prior approval of their relevant banking regulators.


85


CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES USED BY THE FIRM
JPMorgan Chase’s accounting policies and use of estimates are integral to understanding its reported results. The Firm’s most complex accounting estimates require management’s judgment to ascertain the appropriate carrying value of assets and liabilities. The Firm has established detailed policies and control procedures intended to ensure that estimation methods, including any judgments made as part of such methods, are well-controlled, independently reviewed and applied consistently from period-to-period. The methods used and judgments made reflect, among other factors, the nature of the assets or liabilities and the related business and risk management strategies, which may vary across the Firm’s businesses and portfolios. In addition, the policies and procedures are intended to ensure that the process for changing methodologies occurs in an appropriate manner. The Firm believes its estimates for determining the carrying value of its assets and liabilities are appropriate. The following is a brief description of the Firm’s critical accounting estimates involving significant judgment.
Allowance for credit losses
JPMorgan Chase’s allowance for credit losses covers the retained consumer and wholesale loan portfolios, as well as the Firm’s consumer and wholesale lending-related commitments. The allowance for loan losses is intended to adjust the carrying values of the Firm’s loan assets to reflect probable credit losses inherent in the loan portfolio as of the balance sheet date. Similarly, the allowance for lending-related commitments is established to cover probable credit losses inherent in the lending-related commitments portfolio as of the balance sheet date. For further discussion of the methodologies used in establishing the Firm’s allowance for credit losses, see Allowance for credit losses on pages 139–141 and Note 15 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report; for amounts recorded as of June 30, 2014 and 2013, see Allowance for credit losses on pages 66–68 and Note 14 of this Form 10-Q.
As noted in the discussion on pages 174–176 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report, the Firm’s allowance for credit losses is sensitive to numerous factors, depending on the portfolio. Changes in economic conditions or in the Firm’s assumptions could affect its estimate of probable credit losses inherent in the portfolio at the balance sheet date. For example, deterioration in the following inputs would have the following effects on the Firm’s modeled loss estimates as of June 30, 2014, without consideration of any offsetting or correlated effects of other inputs in the Firm’s allowance for loan losses:
For PCI loans, a combined 5% decline in housing prices and a 1% increase in unemployment from current levels could imply an increase to modeled credit loss estimates of approximately $1.0 billion.
For the residential real estate portfolio, excluding PCI loans, a combined 5% decline in housing prices and a
 
1% increase in unemployment from current levels could imply an increase to modeled annual loss estimates of approximately $150 million.
A 50 basis point deterioration in forecasted credit card loss rates could imply an increase to modeled annualized credit card loan loss estimates of approximately $600 million.
A one-notch downgrade in the Firm’s internal risk ratings for its entire wholesale loan portfolio could imply an increase in the Firm’s modeled loss estimates of approximately $2.0 billion.
The purpose of these sensitivity analyses is to provide an indication of the isolated impacts of hypothetical alternative assumptions on modeled loss estimates. The changes in the inputs presented above are not intended to imply management’s expectation of future deterioration of those risk factors. In addition, these analyses are not intended to estimate changes in the overall allowance for loan losses, which would also be influenced by the judgment management applies to the modeled loss estimates to reflect the uncertainty and imprecision of these modeled loss estimates based on then current circumstances and conditions.
It is difficult to estimate how potential changes in specific factors might affect the allowance for credit losses because management considers a variety of factors and inputs in estimating the allowance for credit losses. Changes in these factors and inputs may not occur at the same rate and may not be consistent across all geographies or product types, and changes in factors may be directionally inconsistent, such that improvement in one factor may offset deterioration in other factors. In addition, it is difficult to predict how changes in specific economic conditions or assumptions would affect borrower behavior or other factors considered by management in estimating the allowance for credit losses. Given the process the Firm follows and the judgments made in evaluating the risk factors related to its loans and credit card loss estimates, management believes that its current estimate of the allowance for credit loss is appropriate.


86


Fair value of financial instruments, MSRs and commodities inventory
Assets measured at fair value
The following table includes the Firm’s assets measured at fair value and the portion of such assets that are classified within level 3 of the valuation hierarchy. For further information, see Note 3.
June 30, 2014
(in billions, except ratio data)
Total assets at fair value
Total level 3 assets
Trading debt and equity instruments
$
330.2

 
$
25.8

Derivative receivables
62.3

 
12.5

Trading assets
392.5

 
38.3

AFS securities
314.1

 
1.8

Loans
4.3

 
4.2

MSRs
8.3

 
8.3

Private equity investments
5.5

 
4.9

Other
37.4

 
2.9

Total assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis
762.1

 
60.4

Total assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis
3.4

 
2.8

Total assets measured at fair value
$
765.5

 
$
63.2

Total Firm assets
$
2,520.3

 
 
Level 3 assets as a percentage of total Firm assets
 
 
2.5
%
Level 3 assets as a percentage of total Firm assets at fair value
 
 
8.3
%
Valuation
Estimating fair value requires the application of judgment. The type and level of judgment required is largely dependent on the amount of observable market information available to the Firm. For instruments valued using internally developed models that use significant unobservable inputs and are therefore classified within level 3 of the valuation hierarchy, judgments used to estimate fair value are more significant than those required when estimating the fair value of instruments classified within levels 1 and 2.
In arriving at an estimate of fair value for an instrument within level 3, management must first determine the appropriate model to use. Second, the lack of observability of certain significant inputs requires management to assess all relevant empirical data in deriving valuation inputs — including, for example, transaction details, yield curves, interest rates, prepayment rates, default rates, volatilities, correlations, equity or debt prices, valuations of comparable instruments, foreign exchange rates and
credit curves. For further discussion of the valuation of level 3 instruments, including unobservable inputs used, see Note 3.
For instruments classified in levels 2 and 3, management judgment must be applied to assess the appropriate level of valuation adjustments to reflect counterparty credit quality, the Firm’s credit-worthiness, liquidity considerations, unobservable parameters, and for certain portfolios that meet specified criteria, the size of the net open risk position. The judgments made are typically affected by the type of product and its specific contractual terms, and the
 
level of liquidity for the product or within the market as a whole.
Effective the fourth quarter of 2013, the Firm applies an FVA framework to incorporate the impact of funding into its valuation estimates for OTC derivatives and structured notes, reflecting an industry migration towards incorporating the market cost of unsecured funding in the valuation of such instruments. Implementation of the FVA framework required a number of important management judgments including: (i) determining when the accumulation of market evidence was sufficiently compelling to implement the FVA framework; (ii) estimating the market clearing price for funding in the relevant market; and (iii) determining the interaction between DVA and FVA, given that DVA already reflects credit spreads, which are a significant component of funding spreads that drive FVA. For further discussion of valuation adjustments applied by the Firm, including FVA, see Note 3.
Imprecision in estimating unobservable market inputs or other factors can affect the amount of gain or loss recorded for a particular position. Furthermore, while the Firm believes its valuation methods are appropriate and consistent with those of other market participants, the methods and assumptions used reflect management judgment and may vary across the Firm’s businesses and portfolios.
The Firm uses various methodologies and assumptions in the determination of fair value. The use of methodologies or assumptions different than those used by the Firm could result in a different estimate of fair value at the reporting date. For a detailed discussion of the Firm’s valuation process and hierarchy, and its determination of fair value for individual financial instruments, see Note 3.
Goodwill impairment
Management applies significant judgment when testing goodwill for impairment. For a description of the significant valuation judgments associated with goodwill impairment, see Goodwill impairment on pages 177–178 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.
During the six months ended June 30, 2014, the Firm updated the discounted cash flow valuation of its Mortgage Banking business in CCB, which continues to have an elevated risk for goodwill impairment due to its exposure to U.S. economic conditions and the effects of regulatory and legislative changes. As of June 30, 2014, the estimated fair value of the Firm’s Mortgage Banking business in CCB did not exceed its carrying value; however, the implied fair value of the goodwill allocated to the Mortgage Banking business exceeded its carrying value of approximately $2 billion.
The Firm also updated the discounted cash flow valuation of its Private Equity business, based on the anticipated future decline in portfolio balances and business activity. As of June 30, 2014, the estimated fair value of the Firm’s Private Equity business exceeded its carrying value; however, the goodwill balance associated with this business


87


is anticipated to decline or could become impaired in future periods.
For its other businesses, the Firm reviewed current conditions (including the estimated effects of regulatory and legislative changes and current estimated market cost of equity) and prior projections of business performance. Based upon the updated valuation of its Private Equity and Mortgage Banking businesses and reviews of its other businesses, the Firm concluded that goodwill allocated to all of its reporting units was not impaired at June 30, 2014.
Deterioration in economic market conditions, increased estimates of the effects of recent regulatory or legislative changes, or additional regulatory or legislative changes may result in declines in projected business performance beyond management’s current expectations. For example, in the Firm’s Mortgage Banking business, such declines could result from increases in primary mortgage interest rates, lower mortgage origination volume, higher costs to resolve foreclosure-related matters or from deterioration in economic conditions, including decreases in home prices
 
that result in increased credit losses. Declines in business performance, increases in equity capital requirements, or increases in the estimated cost of equity, could cause the estimated fair values of the Firm’s reporting units or their associated goodwill to decline in the future, which could result in a material impairment charge to earnings in a future period related to some portion of the associated goodwill.
For additional information on goodwill, see Note 16.
Income taxes
For a description of the significant assumptions, judgments and interpretations associated with the accounting for income taxes, see Income taxes on page 178 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.
Litigation reserves
For a description of the significant estimates and judgments associated with establishing litigation reserves, see Note 23 of this Form 10-Q, and Note 31 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.


ACCOUNTING AND REPORTING DEVELOPMENTS
Repurchase agreements and similar transactions
In June 2014, the FASB issued guidance that amends the accounting for certain secured financing transactions, and requires enhanced disclosures with respect to transactions recognized as sales in which exposure to the derecognized asset is retained through a separate agreement with the counterparty. In addition, the guidance requires enhanced disclosures with respect to the types and quality of financial assets pledged in secured financing transactions. The guidance will become effective in the first quarter of 2015, except for the disclosures regarding the types and quality of financial assets pledged, which will become effective in the second quarter of 2015. The adoption of this guidance is not expected to have a material impact on the Firm’s Consolidated Balance Sheets or its results of operations.
Revenue Recognition – Revenue from Contracts with Customers
In May 2014, the FASB issued revenue recognition guidance that is intended to create greater consistency with respect to how and when revenue from contracts with customers is shown in the income statement. The guidance requires that revenue from contracts with customers be recognized upon delivery of a good or service based on the amount of consideration expected to be received, and requires additional disclosures about revenue. The guidance will be effective in the first quarter of 2017 and early adoption is prohibited. The Firm is currently evaluating the potential impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
Reporting discontinued operations and disclosures of disposals of components of an entity
In April 2014, the FASB issued guidance that changes the criteria for determining whether a disposition qualifies for discontinued operations presentation and requires enhanced disclosures about discontinued operations and significant dispositions that do not qualify to be presented as discontinued operations. The guidance will be effective in the first quarter of 2015, with early adoption permitted but only for dispositions or assets held-for-sale that have not been reported in financial statements previously issued or available for issuance. The adoption of this guidance is not expected to have a material impact on the Firm’s Consolidated Financial Statements.
Investments in qualified affordable housing projects
In January 2014, the FASB issued guidance regarding the accounting for investments in affordable housing projects that qualify for the low-income housing tax credit. The guidance replaces the effective yield method and allows companies to make an accounting policy election to amortize the cost of its investments in proportion to the tax benefits received if certain criteria are met, and to present the amortization as a component of income tax expense. The guidance will become effective in the first quarter of 2015, with early adoption permitted. The Firm is currently evaluating the potential impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements.



88


FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
From time to time, the Firm has made and will make forward-looking statements. These statements can be identified by the fact that they do not relate strictly to historical or current facts. Forward-looking statements often use words such as “anticipate,” “target,” “expect,” “estimate,” “intend,” “plan,” “goal,” “believe,” or other words of similar meaning. Forward-looking statements provide JPMorgan Chase’s current expectations or forecasts of future events, circumstances, results or aspirations. JPMorgan Chase’s disclosures in this Form 10-Q contain forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. The Firm also may make forward-looking statements in its other documents filed or furnished with the Securities and Exchange Commission. In addition, the Firm’s senior management may make forward-looking statements orally to analysts, investors, representatives of the media and others.
All forward-looking statements are, by their nature, subject to risks and uncertainties, many of which are beyond the Firm’s control. JPMorgan Chase’s actual future results may differ materially from those set forth in its forward-looking statements. While there is no assurance that any list of risks and uncertainties or risk factors is complete, below are certain factors which could cause actual results to differ from those in the forward-looking statements:
Local, regional and international business, economic and political conditions and geopolitical events;
Changes in laws and regulatory requirements, including as a result of recent financial services legislation;
Changes in trade, monetary and fiscal policies and laws;
Securities and capital markets behavior, including changes in market liquidity and volatility;
Changes in investor sentiment or consumer spending or savings behavior;
Ability of the Firm to manage effectively its capital and liquidity, including approval of its capital plans by banking regulators;
Changes in credit ratings assigned to the Firm or its subsidiaries;
Damage to the Firm’s reputation;
Ability of the Firm to deal effectively with an economic slowdown or other economic or market disruption;
Technology changes instituted by the Firm, its counterparties or competitors;
The success of the Firm’s business simplification initiatives and the effectiveness of its control agenda;
 
Ability of the Firm to develop new products and services, and the extent to which products or services previously sold by the Firm (including but not limited to mortgages and asset-backed securities) require the Firm to incur liabilities or absorb losses not contemplated at their initiation or origination;
Ability of the Firm to address enhanced regulatory requirements affecting its mortgage business;
Acceptance of the Firm’s new and existing products and services by the marketplace and the ability of the Firm to increase market share;
Ability of the Firm to attract and retain employees;
Ability of the Firm to control expense;
Competitive pressures;
Changes in the credit quality of the Firm’s customers and counterparties;
Adequacy of the Firm’s risk management framework, disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting;
Adverse judicial or regulatory proceedings;
Changes in applicable accounting policies;
Ability of the Firm to determine accurate values of certain assets and liabilities;
Occurrence of natural or man-made disasters or calamities or conflicts, including any effect of any such disasters, calamities or conflicts on the Firm’s power generation facilities and the Firm’s other physical commodity-related activities;
Ability of the Firm to maintain the security of its financial, accounting, technology, data processing and other operating systems and facilities;
The other risks and uncertainties detailed in Part I, Item 1A: Risk Factors in the Firm’s Annual Report on Form
10-K for the year ended December 31, 2013.
Any forward-looking statements made by or on behalf of the Firm speak only as of the date they are made, and JPMorgan Chase does not undertake to update forward-looking statements to reflect the impact of circumstances or events that arise after the date the forward-looking statements were made. The reader should, however, consult any further disclosures of a forward-looking nature the Firm may make in any subsequent Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, or Current Reports on Form 8-K.




89



JPMorgan Chase & Co.
Consolidated statements of income (unaudited)
 
 
Three months ended
June 30,
 
Six months ended
June 30,
(in millions, except per share data)
 
2014
 
2013
 
2014
 
2013
Revenue
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Investment banking fees
 
$
1,751

 
$
1,717

 
$
3,171

 
$
3,162

Principal transactions
 
2,908

 
3,760

 
6,230

 
7,521

Lending- and deposit-related fees
 
1,463

 
1,489

 
2,868

 
2,957

Asset management, administration and commissions
 
4,007

 
3,865

 
7,843

 
7,464

Securities gains(a)
 
12

 
124

 
42

 
633

Mortgage fees and related income
 
1,291

 
1,823

 
1,805

 
3,275

Credit card income
 
1,549

 
1,503

 
2,957

 
2,922

Other income
 
675

 
226

 
1,066

 
762

Noninterest revenue
 
13,656

 
14,507

 
25,982

 
28,696

Interest income
 
12,861

 
13,072

 
25,654

 
26,437

Interest expense
 
2,063

 
2,368

 
4,189

 
4,800

Net interest income
 
10,798

 
10,704

 
21,465

 
21,637

Total net revenue
 
24,454

 
25,211

 
47,447

 
50,333

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Provision for credit losses
 
692

 
47

 
1,542

 
664

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Noninterest expense
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Compensation expense
 
7,610

 
8,019

 
15,469

 
16,433

Occupancy expense
 
973

 
904

 
1,925

 
1,805

Technology, communications and equipment expense
 
1,433

 
1,361

 
2,844

 
2,693

Professional and outside services
 
1,932

 
1,901

 
3,718

 
3,635

Marketing
 
650

 
578

 
1,214

 
1,167

Other expense
 
2,701

 
2,951

 
4,634

 
5,252

Amortization of intangibles
 
132

 
152

 
263

 
304

Total noninterest expense
 
15,431

 
15,866

 
30,067

 
31,289

Income before income tax expense
 
8,331

 
9,298

 
15,838

 
18,380

Income tax expense
 
2,346

 
2,802

 
4,579

 
5,355

Net income
 
$
5,985

 
$
6,496

 
$
11,259

 
$
13,025

Net income applicable to common stockholders
 
$
5,573

 
$
6,101

 
$
10,470

 
$
12,232

Net income per common share data
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic earnings per share
 
$
1.47

 
$
1.61

 
$
2.77

 
$
3.22

Diluted earnings per share
 
1.46

 
1.60

 
2.74

 
3.19

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Weighted-average basic shares
 
3,780.6

 
3,782.4

 
3,783.9

 
3,800.3

Weighted-average diluted shares
 
3,812.5

 
3,814.3

 
3,818.1

 
3,830.6

Cash dividends declared per common share
 
$
0.40

 
$
0.38

 
$
0.78

 
$
0.68

(a)
The Firm recognized other-than-temporary impairment (“OTTI”) losses related to securities the Firm intends to sell of $2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2014; the Firm did not recognize OTTI losses for the three months ended June 30, 2014. The Firm recognized OTTI losses of $6 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2013.
 
 
 
 
 
The Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited) are an integral part of these statements.

90


JPMorgan Chase & Co.
Consolidated statements of comprehensive income (unaudited)
 
 
Three months ended
June 30,
 
Six months ended
June 30,
(in millions)
 
2014
 
2013
 
2014
 
2013
Net income
 
$
5,985

 
$
6,496

 
$
11,259

 
$
13,025

Other comprehensive income/(loss), after-tax
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Unrealized gains/(losses) on investment securities
 
1,075

 
(3,091
)
 
2,069

 
(3,731
)
Translation adjustments, net of hedges
 
12

 
(38
)
 
10

 
(51
)
Cash flow hedges
 
68

 
(290
)
 
127

 
(352
)
Defined benefit pension and OPEB plans
 
7

 
64

 
33

 
168

Total other comprehensive income/(loss), after-tax
 
1,162

 
(3,355
)
 
2,239

 
(3,966
)
Comprehensive income
 
$
7,147

 
$
3,141

 
$
13,498

 
$
9,059

The Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited) are an integral part of these statements.



91


JPMorgan Chase & Co.
Consolidated balance sheets (unaudited)
(in millions, except share data)
Jun 30, 2014
 
Dec 31, 2013
Assets
 
 
 
Cash and due from banks
$
27,523

 
$
39,771

Deposits with banks
393,909

 
316,051

Federal funds sold and securities purchased under resale agreements (included $27,837 and $25,135 at fair value)
248,149

 
248,116

Securities borrowed (included $2,134 and $3,739 at fair value)
113,967

 
111,465

Trading assets (included assets pledged of $128,995 and $106,299)
392,543

 
374,664

Securities (included $314,069 and $329,977 at fair value and assets pledged of $33,449 and $23,446)
361,918

 
354,003

Loans (included $4,303 and $2,011 at fair value)
746,983

 
738,418

Allowance for loan losses
(15,326
)
 
(16,264
)
Loans, net of allowance for loan losses
731,657

 
722,154

Accrued interest and accounts receivable
77,096

 
65,160

Premises and equipment
15,216

 
14,891

Goodwill
48,110

 
48,081

Mortgage servicing rights
8,347

 
9,614

Other intangible assets
1,339

 
1,618

Other assets (included $12,893 and $15,187 at fair value and assets pledged of $386 and $2,066)
100,562

 
110,101

Total assets(a)
$
2,520,336

 
$
2,415,689

Liabilities
 
 
 
Deposits (included $7,922 and $6,624 at fair value)
$
1,319,751

 
$
1,287,765

Federal funds purchased and securities loaned or sold under repurchase agreements (included $2,630 and $5,426 at fair value)
216,561

 
181,163

Commercial paper
63,804

 
57,848

Other borrowed funds (included $15,403 and $13,306 at fair value)
34,713

 
27,994

Trading liabilities
138,656

 
137,744

Accounts payable and other liabilities (included $45 and $25 at fair value)
203,885

 
194,491

Beneficial interests issued by consolidated variable interest entities (included $2,094 and $1,996 at fair value)
45,723

 
49,617

Long-term debt (included $31,142 and $28,878 at fair value)
269,929

 
267,889

Total liabilities(a)
2,293,022

 
2,204,511

Commitments and contingencies (see Notes 21 and 23)
 
 
 
Stockholders’ equity
 
 
 
Preferred stock ($1 par value; authorized 200,000,000 shares; issued 1,846,250 and 1,115,750 shares)
18,463

 
11,158

Common stock ($1 par value; authorized 9,000,000,000 shares; issued 4,104,933,895 shares)
4,105

 
4,105

Capital surplus
92,879

 
93,828

Retained earnings
123,497

 
115,756

Accumulated other comprehensive income/(loss)
3,438

 
1,199

Shares held in RSU Trust, at cost (472,953 and 476,642 shares)
(21
)
 
(21
)
Treasury stock, at cost (343,652,985 and 348,825,583 shares)
(15,047
)
 
(14,847
)
Total stockholders’ equity
227,314

 
211,178

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
$
2,520,336

 
$
2,415,689

(a)
The following table presents information on assets and liabilities related to VIEs that are consolidated by the Firm at June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013. The difference between total VIE assets and liabilities represents the Firm’s interests in those entities, which were eliminated in consolidation.
(in millions)
Jun 30, 2014
 
Dec 31, 2013
Assets
 
 
 
Trading assets
$
6,006

 
$
6,366

Loans
64,598

 
70,072

All other assets
2,048

 
2,168

Total assets
$
72,652

 
$
78,606

Liabilities
 
 
 
Beneficial interests issued by consolidated variable interest entities
$
45,723

 
$
49,617

All other liabilities
1,027

 
1,061

Total liabilities
$
46,750

 
$
50,678

The assets of the consolidated VIEs are used to settle the liabilities of those entities. The holders of the beneficial interests do not have recourse to the general credit of JPMorgan Chase. At both June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, the Firm provided limited program-wide credit enhancement of $2.6 billion related to its Firm-administered multi-seller conduits, which are eliminated in consolidation. For further discussion, see Note 15.

The Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited) are an integral part of these statements.

92


JPMorgan Chase & Co.
Consolidated statements of changes in stockholders’ equity (unaudited)
 
 
Six months ended June 30,
(in millions, except per share data)
 
2014
 
2013
Preferred stock
 
 
 
 
Balance at January 1
 
$
11,158

 
$
9,058

Issuance of preferred stock
 
7,305

 
2,400

Balance at June 30
 
18,463

 
11,458

Common stock
 
 
 
 
Balance at January 1 and June 30
 
4,105

 
4,105

Capital surplus
 
 
 
 
Balance at January 1
 
93,828

 
94,604

Shares issued and commitments to issue common stock for employee stock-based compensation awards, and related tax effects
 
(901
)
 
(1,164
)
Other
 
(48
)
 
(24
)
Balance at June 30
 
92,879

 
93,416

Retained earnings
 
 
 
 
Balance at January 1
 
115,756

 
104,223

Net income
 
11,259

 
13,025

Dividends declared:
 
 
 
 
Preferred stock
 
(495
)
 
(386
)
Common stock ($0.78 and $0.68 per share)
 
(3,023
)
 
(2,646
)
Balance at June 30
 
123,497

 
114,216

Accumulated other comprehensive income
 
 
 
 
Balance at January 1
 
1,199

 
4,102

Other comprehensive income/(loss)
 
2,239

 
(3,966
)
Balance at June 30
 
3,438

 
136

Shares held in RSU Trust, at cost
 
 
 
 
Balance at January 1 and June 30
 
(21
)
 
(21
)
Treasury stock, at cost
 
 
 
 
Balance at January 1
 
(14,847
)
 
(12,002
)
Purchase of treasury stock
 
(1,761
)
 
(3,750
)
Reissuance from treasury stock
 
1,561

 
1,681

Balance at June 30
 
(15,047
)
 
(14,071
)
Total stockholders equity
 
$
227,314

 
$
209,239

The Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited) are an integral part of these statements.



93


JPMorgan Chase & Co.
Consolidated statements of cash flows (unaudited)
 
Six months ended June 30,
(in millions)
2014
 
2013
Operating activities
 
 
 
Net income
$
11,259

 
$
13,025

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by/(used in) operating activities:
 
 
 
Provision for credit losses
1,542

 
664

Depreciation and amortization
2,163

 
2,105

Amortization of intangibles
263

 
304

Deferred tax expense
2,467

 
2,167

Investment securities gains
(42
)
 
(633
)
Stock-based compensation
1,142

 
1,227

Originations and purchases of loans held-for-sale
(34,940
)
 
(44,974
)
Proceeds from sales, securitizations and paydowns of loans held-for-sale
38,853

 
46,924

Net change in:
 
 
 
Trading assets
(14,764
)
 
68,142

Securities borrowed
(2,507
)
 
1,877

Accrued interest and accounts receivable
(11,220
)
 
(19,483
)
Other assets
17,214

 
(7,250
)
Trading liabilities
(7,140
)
 
8,194

Accounts payable and other liabilities
1,736

 
19,768

Other operating adjustments
4,270

 
(3,573
)
Net cash provided by operating activities
10,296

 
88,484

Investing activities
 
 
 
Net change in:
 
 
 
Deposits with banks
(77,858
)
 
(189,630
)
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under resale agreements
(1,427
)
 
43,431

Held-to-maturity securities:
 
 
 
Proceeds from paydowns and maturities
1,667

 
1

Purchases
(6,312
)
 

Available-for-sale securities:
 
 
 
Proceeds from paydowns and maturities
41,248

 
52,646

Proceeds from sales
14,976

 
38,053

Purchases
(54,227
)
 
(87,180
)
Proceeds from sales and securitizations of loans held-for-investment
9,170

 
6,087

Other changes in loans, net
(24,730
)
 
(3,785
)
Net cash used in business acquisitions or dispositions
(19
)
 
(45
)
All other investing activities, net
(426
)
 
(1,823
)
Net cash used in investing activities
(97,938
)
 
(142,245
)
Financing activities
 
 
 
Net change in:
 
 
 
Deposits
33,419

 
(6,299
)
Federal funds purchased and securities loaned or sold under repurchase agreements
35,364

 
18,904

Commercial paper and other borrowed funds
11,119

 
4,927

Beneficial interests issued by consolidated variable interest entities
(5,665
)
 
(6,230
)
Proceeds from long-term borrowings and trust preferred securities
36,469

 
62,016

Payments of long-term borrowings and trust preferred securities
(36,628
)
 
(38,111
)
Excess tax benefits related to stock-based compensation
357

 
88

Proceeds from issuance of preferred stock
7,249

 
2,376

Treasury stock purchased
(1,761
)
 
(3,750
)
Dividends paid
(3,360
)
 
(2,727
)
All other financing activities, net
(1,127
)
 
(1,086
)
Net cash provided by financing activities
75,436

 
30,108

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and due from banks
(42
)
 
(856
)
Net decrease in cash and due from banks
(12,248
)
 
(24,509
)
Cash and due from banks at the beginning of the period
39,771

 
53,723

Cash and due from banks at the end of the period
$
27,523

 
$
29,214

Cash interest paid
$
4,007

 
$
4,735

Cash income taxes (refunded)/paid, net
(739
)
 
2,684

The Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited) are an integral part of these statements.

94


See Glossary of Terms for definitions of terms used throughout the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.


NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited)
Note 1 – Basis of presentation
JPMorgan Chase & Co. (“JPMorgan Chase” or the “Firm”),
a financial holding company incorporated under Delaware law in 1968, is a leading global financial services firm and one of the largest banking institutions in the United States of America (“U.S.”), with operations worldwide. The Firm
is a leader in investment banking, financial services for consumers and small business, commercial banking, financial transaction processing and asset management. For a discussion of the Firm’s business segments, see Note 24.
The accounting and financial reporting policies of JPMorgan Chase and its subsidiaries conform to accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. (“U.S. GAAP”). Additionally, where applicable, the policies conform to the accounting and reporting guidelines prescribed by regulatory authorities.
The unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements prepared in conformity with U.S. GAAP require management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue and expense, and the disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities. Actual results could be different from these estimates. In the opinion of management, all normal, recurring adjustments have been included for a fair statement of this interim financial information.
These unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements should be read in conjunction with the audited Consolidated Financial Statements, and related notes thereto, included in JPMorgan Chase’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2013, as filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “2013 Annual Report”).
Certain amounts reported in prior periods have been reclassified to conform with the current presentation.
Offsetting assets and liabilities
U.S. GAAP permits entities to present derivative receivables and derivative payables with the same counterparty and the related cash collateral receivables and payables on a net basis on the balance sheet when a legally enforceable master netting agreement exists. U.S. GAAP also permits securities sold and purchased under repurchase agreements to be presented net when specified conditions are met, including the existence of a legally enforceable master netting agreement. The Firm has elected to net such balances when the specified conditions are met. For further information on offsetting assets and liabilities, see Note 1 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.
 
Consolidated statements of cash flows
During the first quarter of 2014, the Firm transferred U.S. government agency mortgage-backed securities and obligations of U.S. states and municipalities with a fair value of $19.3 billion from available-for-sale (“AFS”) to held-to-maturity (“HTM”). This transfer was a non-cash transaction. For additional information regarding this transaction, see Note 11.
Note 2 – Business changes and developments
Business events
Regulatory Update
Comprehensive Capital Analysis and Review (“CCAR”)
On March 26, 2014, the Federal Reserve informed the Firm that it did not object, on either a quantitative or qualitative basis, to the Firm’s 2014 capital plan.
Basel III
Effective January 1, 2014, the Firm became subject to Basel III. Prior to January 1, 2014, the Firm and its banking subsidiaries were subject to the capital requirements of Basel I and Basel 2.5. Additionally, the Firm is approved to calculate capital under the Basel III Advanced Approach, in addition to the Basel III Standardized Approach effective April 1, 2014.
For further information on the implementation of Basel III, refer to Note 20.
Preferred stock issuances
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2014, the Firm issued $3.4 billion and $7.3 billion, respectively, of Non-Cumulative Preferred Stock. For further information on the Firm’s preferred stock, see Note 22 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.
Physical commodities businesses
The Firm continues to execute a business simplification agenda that will allow it to focus on core activities for its core clients and better manage its operational, regulatory, and litigation risks. On March 19, 2014, the Firm announced that it had agreed to sell certain of its physical commodities operations, including its physical oil, gas, power, warehousing facilities and energy transportation operations, to Mercuria Energy Group Limited. The after-tax impact of this transaction is not expected to be material. The sale is subject to normal regulatory approvals and is expected to close before the end of 2014. The Firm remains fully committed to its traditional banking activities in the commodities markets, including financial derivatives and the trading of precious metals, which are not part of the physical commodities operations sale.


95


Increase in common stock dividend
The Board of Directors increased the Firm’s quarterly common stock dividend from $0.38 per share to $0.40 per share, effective with the dividend paid on July 31, 2014, to shareholders of record on July 3, 2014.


 
Note 3 – Fair value measurement
For a discussion of the Firm’s valuation methodologies for assets, liabilities and lending-related commitments measured at fair value and the fair value hierarchy, see Note 3 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.


96


The following table presents the asset and liabilities reported at fair value as of June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, by major product category and fair value hierarchy.
Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fair value hierarchy
 
Netting adjustments
 
June 30, 2014 (in millions)
Level 1
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total fair value
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under resale agreements
$

$
27,837

 
$

 
$

$
27,837

Securities borrowed

2,134

 

 

2,134

Trading assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Debt instruments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mortgage-backed securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. government agencies(a)
9

25,682

 
1,125

 

26,816

Residential – nonagency

1,622

 
543

 

2,165

Commercial – nonagency

1,265

 
327

 

1,592

Total mortgage-backed securities
9

28,569

 
1,995

 

30,573

U.S. Treasury and government agencies(a)
27,221

6,893

 

 

34,114

Obligations of U.S. states and municipalities

6,413

 
1,079

 

7,492

Certificates of deposit, bankers’ acceptances and commercial paper

1,918

 

 

1,918

Non-U.S. government debt securities
28,957

25,865

 
128

 

54,950

Corporate debt securities

27,357

 
4,793

 

32,150

Loans(b)

19,669

 
13,521

 

33,190

Asset-backed securities

3,090

 
1,216

 

4,306

Total debt instruments
56,187

119,774

 
22,732

 

198,693

Equity securities
112,284

846

 
704

 

113,834

Physical commodities(c)
5,337

4,212

 
3

 

9,552

Other

5,745

 
2,341

 

8,086

Total debt and equity instruments(d)
173,808

130,577

 
25,780

 

330,165

Derivative receivables:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate
496

815,033

 
4,772

 
(791,472
)
28,829

Credit

78,004

 
3,048

 
(78,088
)
2,964

Foreign exchange
464

111,149

 
1,638

 
(101,626
)
11,625

Equity

47,293

 
2,501

 
(40,417
)
9,377

Commodity
210

35,344

 
572

 
(26,543
)
9,583

Total derivative receivables(e)
1,170

1,086,823

 
12,531

 
(1,038,146
)
62,378

Total trading assets
174,978

1,217,400

 
38,311

 
(1,038,146
)
392,543

Available-for-sale securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mortgage-backed securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. government agencies(a)

64,512

 

 

64,512

Residential – nonagency

58,139

 
100

 

58,239

Commercial – nonagency

17,999

 
414

 

18,413

Total mortgage-backed securities

140,650

 
514

 

141,164

U.S. Treasury and government agencies(a)
19,230

129

 

 

19,359

Obligations of U.S. states and municipalities

28,086

 

 

28,086

Certificates of deposit

1,410

 

 

1,410

Non-U.S. government debt securities
26,024

31,821

 

 

57,845

Corporate debt securities

21,356

 

 

21,356

Asset-backed securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Collateralized loan obligations

27,652

 
798

 

28,450

Other

12,584

 
524

 

13,108

Equity securities
3,291


 

 

3,291

Total available-for-sale securities
48,545

263,688

 
1,836

 

314,069

Loans

76

 
4,227

 

4,303

Mortgage servicing rights


 
8,347

 

8,347

Other assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Private equity investments(f)
339

318

 
4,883

 

5,540

All other
4,280

297

 
2,776

 

7,353

Total other assets
4,619

615

 
7,659

 

12,893

Total assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis
$
228,142

$
1,511,750

(g) 
$
60,380

(g) 
$
(1,038,146
)
$
762,126

Deposits
$

$
5,084

 
$
2,838

 
$

$
7,922

Federal funds purchased and securities loaned or sold under repurchase agreements

2,630

 

 

2,630

Other borrowed funds

13,865

 
1,538

 

15,403

Trading liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 


Debt and equity instruments(d)
69,704

18,077

 
80

 

87,861

Derivative payables:
 
 
 
 
 
 


Interest rate
612

783,367

 
3,239

 
(772,129
)
15,089

Credit

76,642

 
2,914

 
(76,724
)
2,832

Foreign exchange
481

111,371

 
2,832

 
(103,002
)
11,682

Equity

48,817

 
4,707

 
(42,500
)
11,024

Commodity
121

36,046

 
694

 
(26,693
)
10,168

Total derivative payables(e)
1,214

1,056,243

 
14,386

 
(1,021,048
)
50,795

Total trading liabilities
70,918

1,074,320

 
14,466

 
(1,021,048
)
138,656

Accounts payable and other liabilities


 
45

 

45

Beneficial interests issued by consolidated VIEs

1,032

 
1,062

 

2,094

Long-term debt

19,396

 
11,746

 

31,142

Total liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis
$
70,918

$
1,116,327

 
$
31,695

 
$
(1,021,048
)
$
197,892



97



Fair value hierarchy

Netting adjustments

December 31, 2013 (in millions)
Level 1
Level 2

Level 3

Total fair value
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under resale agreements
$

$
25,135


$


$

$
25,135

Securities borrowed

3,739





3,739

Trading assets:












Debt instruments:












Mortgage-backed securities:












U.S. government agencies(a)
4

25,582


1,005



26,591

Residential – nonagency

1,749


726



2,475

Commercial – nonagency

871


432



1,303

Total mortgage-backed securities
4

28,202


2,163



30,369

U.S. Treasury and government agencies(a)
14,933

10,547





25,480

Obligations of U.S. states and municipalities

6,538


1,382



7,920

Certificates of deposit, bankers’ acceptances and commercial paper

3,071





3,071

Non-U.S. government debt securities
25,762

22,379


143



48,284

Corporate debt securities

24,802


5,920



30,722

Loans(b)

17,331


13,455



30,786

Asset-backed securities

3,647


1,272



4,919

Total debt instruments
40,699

116,517


24,335



181,551

Equity securities
107,667

954


885



109,506

Physical commodities(c)
4,968

5,217


4



10,189

Other

5,659


2,000



7,659

Total debt and equity instruments(d)
153,334

128,347


27,224



308,905

Derivative receivables:












Interest rate
419

848,862


5,398


(828,897
)
25,782

Credit

79,754


3,766


(82,004
)
1,516

Foreign exchange
434

151,521


1,644


(136,809
)
16,790

Equity

45,892


7,039


(40,704
)
12,227

Commodity
320

34,696


722


(26,294
)
9,444

Total derivative receivables(e)
1,173

1,160,725


18,569


(1,114,708
)
65,759

Total trading assets
154,507

1,289,072


45,793


(1,114,708
)
374,664

Available-for-sale securities:












Mortgage-backed securities:












U.S. government agencies(a)

77,815





77,815

Residential – nonagency

61,760


709



62,469

Commercial – nonagency

15,900


525



16,425

Total mortgage-backed securities

155,475


1,234



156,709

U.S. Treasury and government agencies(a)
21,091

298





21,389

Obligations of U.S. states and municipalities

29,461





29,461

Certificates of deposit

1,041





1,041

Non-U.S. government debt securities
25,648

30,600





56,248

Corporate debt securities

21,512





21,512

Asset-backed securities:












Collateralized loan obligations

27,409


821



28,230

Other

11,978


267



12,245

Equity securities
3,142






3,142

Total available-for-sale securities
49,881

277,774


2,322



329,977

Loans

80


1,931



2,011

Mortgage servicing rights



9,614



9,614

Other assets:












Private equity investments(f)
606

429


6,474



7,509

All other
4,213

289


3,176



7,678

Total other assets
4,819

718


9,650



15,187

Total assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis
$
209,207

$
1,596,518

(g) 
$
69,310

(g) 
$
(1,114,708
)
$
760,327

Deposits
$

$
4,369


$
2,255


$

$
6,624

Federal funds purchased and securities loaned or sold under repurchase agreements

5,426





5,426

Other borrowed funds

11,232


2,074



13,306

Trading liabilities:












Debt and equity instruments(d)
61,262

19,055


113



80,430

Derivative payables:












Interest rate
321

822,014


3,019


(812,071
)
13,283

Credit

78,731


3,671


(80,121
)
2,281

Foreign exchange
443

156,838


2,844


(144,178
)
15,947

Equity

46,552


8,102


(39,935
)
14,719

Commodity
398

36,609


607


(26,530
)
11,084

Total derivative payables(e)
1,162

1,140,744


18,243


(1,102,835
)
57,314

Total trading liabilities
62,424

1,159,799


18,356


(1,102,835
)
137,744

Accounts payable and other liabilities



25



25

Beneficial interests issued by consolidated VIEs

756


1,240



1,996

Long-term debt

18,870


10,008



28,878

Total liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis
$
62,424

$
1,200,452


$
33,958


$
(1,102,835
)
$
193,999

(a)
At June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, included total U.S. government-sponsored enterprise obligations of $80.6 billion and $91.5 billion, respectively, which were predominantly mortgage-related.
(b)
At June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, included within trading loans were $15.5 billion and $14.8 billion, respectively, of residential first-lien mortgages, and $4.4 billion and $2.1 billion, respectively, of commercial first-lien mortgages. Residential mortgage loans include conforming mortgage loans originated with the intent to sell to U.S. government agencies of $6.6 billion and $6.0 billion, respectively, and reverse mortgages of $3.7 billion and $3.6 billion, respectively.
(c)
Physical commodities inventories are generally accounted for at the lower of cost or market. “Market” is a term defined in U.S. GAAP as not exceeding fair value less costs to sell (“transaction costs”). Transaction costs for the Firm’s physical commodities inventories are either not applicable or immaterial to the value of the inventory. Therefore, market

98


approximates fair value for the Firm’s physical commodities inventories. When fair value hedging has been applied (or when market is below cost), the carrying value of physical commodities approximates fair value, because under fair value hedge accounting, the cost basis is adjusted for changes in fair value. For a further discussion of the Firm’s hedge accounting relationships, see Note 5. To provide consistent fair value disclosure information, all physical commodities inventories have been included in each period presented.
(d)
Balances reflect the reduction of securities owned (long positions) by the amount of securities sold but not yet purchased (short positions) when the long and short positions have identical Committee on Uniform Security Identification Procedures numbers (“CUSIPs”).
(e)
As permitted under U.S. GAAP, the Firm has elected to net derivative receivables and derivative payables and the related cash collateral received and paid when a legally enforceable master netting agreement exists. For purposes of the tables above, the Firm does not reduce derivative receivables and derivative payables balances for this netting adjustment, either within or across the levels of the fair value hierarchy, as such netting is not relevant to a presentation based on the transparency of inputs to the valuation of an asset or liability. Therefore, the balances reported in the fair value hierarchy table are gross of any counterparty netting adjustments. However, if the Firm were to net such balances within level 3, the reduction in the level 3 derivative receivables and payables balances would be $4.2 billion and $7.6 billion at June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, respectively; this is exclusive of the netting benefit associated with cash collateral, which would further reduce the level 3 balances.
(f)
Private equity instruments represent investments within the Corporate/Private Equity line of business. The cost basis of the private equity investment portfolio totaled $6.3 billion and $8.0 billion at June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, respectively.
(g)
Includes investments in hedge funds, private equity funds, real estate and other funds that do not have readily determinable fair values. The Firm uses net asset value per share when measuring the fair value of these investments. At June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, the fair values of these investments were $2.2 billion and $3.2 billion, respectively, of which $590 million and $899 million, respectively, were classified in level 2, and $1.6 billion and $2.3 billion, respectively, in level 3.

Transfers between levels for instruments carried at fair value on a recurring basis
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, there were no significant transfers between levels 1 and 2, or from level 2 into level 3.
During the three months ended June 30, 2014, transfers from level 3 into level 2 included $3.0 billion and $2.9 billion of equity derivative receivables and payables, respectively, due to increased observability of certain equity options.
During the three months ended March 31, 2013, certain highly rated collateralized loan obligations (“CLOs”), including $27.3 billion held in the Firm’s AFS securities portfolio and $1.3 billion held in the trading portfolio, were transferred from level 3 to level 2, based on increased liquidity and price transparency.
All transfers are assumed to occur at the beginning of the quarterly reporting period in which they occur.
Level 3 valuations
For further information on the Firm’s valuation process and a detailed discussion of the determination of fair value for individual financial instruments, see Note 3 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.
The following table presents the Firm’s primary level 3 financial instruments, the valuation techniques used to measure the fair value of those financial instruments, the significant unobservable inputs, the range of values for those inputs and, for certain instruments, the weighted averages of such inputs. While the determination to classify an instrument within level 3 is based on the significance of the unobservable inputs to the overall fair value measurement, level 3 financial instruments typically include observable components (that is, components that are actively quoted and can be validated to external sources) in addition to the unobservable components. The level 1 and/or level 2 inputs are not included in the table. In addition, the Firm manages the risk of the observable components of level 3 financial instruments using securities and derivative positions that are classified within levels 1 or 2 of the fair value hierarchy.
 
The range of values presented in the table is representative of the highest and lowest level input used to value the significant groups of instruments within a product/instrument classification. The input range does not reflect the level of input uncertainty; instead it is driven by the different underlying characteristics of the various instruments within the classification. For example, two option contracts may have similar levels of market risk exposure and valuation uncertainty, but may have significantly different implied volatility levels because the option contracts have different underlyings, tenors, or strike prices.
Where provided, the weighted averages of the input values presented in the table are calculated based on the fair value of the instruments that the input is being used to value. In the Firm’s view, the input range and the weighted average value do not reflect the degree of input uncertainty or an assessment of the reasonableness of the Firm’s estimates and assumptions. Rather, they reflect the characteristics of the various instruments held by the Firm and the relative distribution of instruments within the range of characteristics. The input range and weighted average values will therefore vary from period-to-period and parameter to parameter based on the characteristics of the instruments held by the Firm at each balance sheet date.
For the Firm’s derivatives and structured notes positions classified within level 3 at June 30, 2014, the equity and interest rate correlation inputs used in estimating fair value were concentrated at the upper end of the range presented, while the credit correlation inputs were distributed across the range presented and the foreign exchange correlation inputs were concentrated at the lower end of the range presented. In addition, the interest rate volatility inputs used in estimating fair value were concentrated at the upper end of the range presented, while equity volatilities were concentrated at the lower end of the range. The forward commodity prices used in estimating the fair value of commodity derivatives were concentrated within the lower end of the range presented.


99


Level 3 inputs(a)
 
June 30, 2014 (in millions, except for ratios and basis points)
 
 
 
 
 
Product/Instrument
Fair value
 
Principal valuation technique
Unobservable inputs
Range of input values
Weighted average
Residential mortgage-backed securities and loans
$
9,931

 
Discounted cash flows
Yield
2
 %
-
15%
6%
 
 
 
Prepayment speed
0
 %
-
21%
6%
 
 
 
 
Conditional default rate
0
 %
-
100%
29%
 
 
 
 
Loss severity
0
 %
-
100%
22%
Commercial mortgage-backed securities and loans(b)
2,500

 
Discounted cash flows
Yield
3
 %
-
28%
15%
 
 
 
Conditional default rate
0
 %
-
100%
10%
 
 
 
 
Loss severity
0
 %
-
40%
35%
Corporate debt securities, obligations of U.S. states and municipalities, and other(c)
16,933

 
Discounted cash flows
Credit spread
53 bps

-
365 bps
167 bps
 
 
 
Yield
1
 %
-
43%
9%
4,078

 
Market comparables
Price

-
120
94
Net interest rate derivatives
1,533

 
Option pricing
Interest rate correlation
(75
)%
-
97%
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate spread volatility
0
 %
-
60%
 
Net credit derivatives(b)(c)
134

 
Discounted cash flows
Credit correlation
44
 %
-
86%
 
Net foreign exchange derivatives
(1,194
)
 
Option pricing
Foreign exchange correlation
48
 %
-
75%
 
Net equity derivatives
(2,206
)
 
Option pricing
Equity volatility
20
 %
-
50%
 
Net commodity derivatives
(122
)
 
Discounted cash flows
Forward commodity price
$
20

-
$160
per megawatt hour
Collateralized loan obligations
798

 
Discounted cash flows
Credit spread
240 bps

-
500 bps
252 bps
 
 
 
 
Prepayment speed
20%
20%
 
 
 
 
Conditional default rate
2%
2%
 
 
 
 
Loss severity
40%
40%
 
379

 
Market comparables
Price
0

-
108
79
Mortgage servicing rights (“MSRs”)
8,347

 
Discounted cash flows
Refer to Note 16.
 
Private equity direct investments
4,419

 
Market comparables
EBITDA multiple
2.7x

-
12.3x
7.6x
 
 
 
Liquidity adjustment
0
 %
-
49%
13%
Private equity fund investments
464

 
Net asset value
Net asset value(e)
 
 
Long-term debt, other borrowed funds, and deposits(d)
14,763

 
Option pricing
Interest rate correlation
(75
)%
-
97%
 
 
 
 
Foreign exchange correlation
0
 %
-
75%
 
 
 
 
Equity correlation
(55
)%
-
80%
 
 
1,359

 
Discounted cash flows
Credit correlation
44
 %
-
86%
 
(a)
The categories presented in the table have been aggregated based upon the product type, which may differ from their classification on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
(b)
The unobservable inputs and associated input ranges for approximately $389 million of credit derivative receivables and $342 million of credit derivative payables with underlying commercial mortgage risk have been included in the inputs and ranges provided for commercial mortgage-backed securities and loans.
(c)
The unobservable inputs and associated input ranges for approximately $1.1 billion of credit derivative receivables and $972 million of credit derivative payables with underlying asset-backed securities risk have been included in the inputs and ranges provided for corporate debt securities, obligations of U.S. states and municipalities and other.
(d)
Long-term debt, other borrowed funds and deposits include structured notes issued by the Firm that are predominantly financial instruments containing embedded derivatives. The estimation of the fair value of structured notes is predominantly based on the derivative features embedded within the instruments. The significant unobservable inputs are broadly consistent with those presented for derivative receivables.
(e)
The range has not been disclosed due to the wide range of possible values given the diverse nature of the underlying investments.

100


Changes in and ranges of unobservable inputs
For a discussion of the impact on fair value of changes in unobservable inputs and the relationships between unobservable inputs as well as a description of attributes of the underlying instruments and external market factors that affect the range of inputs used in the valuation of the Firm’s positions see Note 3 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.
Changes in level 3 recurring fair value measurements
The following tables include a rollforward of the Consolidated Balance Sheets amounts (including changes in fair value) for financial instruments classified by the Firm within level 3 of the fair value hierarchy for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013. When a determination is made to classify a financial instrument within level 3, the determination is based on the
 
significance of the unobservable parameters to the overall fair value measurement. However, level 3 financial instruments typically include, in addition to the unobservable or level 3 components, observable components (that is, components that are actively quoted and can be validated to external sources); accordingly, the gains and losses in the table below include changes in fair value due in part to observable factors that are part of the valuation methodology. Also, the Firm risk-manages the observable components of level 3 financial instruments using securities and derivative positions that are classified within level 1 or 2 of the fair value hierarchy; as these level 1 and level 2 risk management instruments are not included below, the gains or losses in the following tables do not reflect the effect of the Firm’s risk management activities related to such level 3 instruments.


101


 
Fair value measurements using significant unobservable inputs
 
 
Three months ended June 30, 2014
(in millions)
Fair value at April 1, 2014
Total realized/unrealized gains/(losses)
 
 
 
 
Transfers into and/or out of level 3(h)
Fair value at
June 30, 2014
Change in unrealized gains/(losses) related
to financial instruments held at June 30, 2014
Purchases(g)
Sales
 
Settlements
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Trading assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Debt instruments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mortgage-backed securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. government agencies
$
1,150

$
27

 
$
12

$
(12
)
 
$
(33
)
$
(19
)
 
$
1,125

 
$
28

 
Residential – nonagency
715

67

 
181

(314
)
 
(12
)
(94
)
 
543

 
21

 
Commercial – nonagency
465

8

 
260

(187
)
 
(34
)
(185
)
 
327

 

 
Total mortgage-backed securities
2,330

102

 
453

(513
)
 
(79
)
(298
)
 
1,995

 
49

 
Obligations of U.S. states and municipalities
1,219

(35
)
 

(105
)
 



 
1,079

 
(44
)
 
Non-U.S. government debt securities
52

3

 
25

(3
)
 
(1
)
52

 
128

 
3

 
Corporate debt securities
4,873

130

 
1,163

(663
)
 
(823
)
113

 
4,793

 
74

 
Loans
12,521

372

 
3,129

(1,108
)
 
(1,172
)
(221
)
 
13,521

 
376

 
Asset-backed securities
1,156

46

 
807

(776
)
 
(151
)
134

 
1,216

 
32

 
Total debt instruments
22,151

618

 
5,577

(3,168
)
 
(2,226
)
(220
)
 
22,732

 
490

 
Equity securities
885

18

 
49

(56
)
 
(25
)
(167
)
 
704

 
83

 
Physical commodities
3


 


 



3



 
Other
1,284

266

 
656

(127
)
 
(67
)
329

 
2,341

 
173

 
Total trading assets – debt and equity instruments
24,323

902

(c) 
6,282

(3,351
)
 
(2,318
)
(58
)
 
25,780

 
746

(c) 
Net derivative receivables:(a)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate
2,090

2

 
50

(63
)
 
(427
)
(119
)
 
1,533

 
(49
)
 
Credit
244

(124
)
 
164

(21
)
 
(79
)
(50
)
 
134

 
(91
)
 
Foreign exchange
(1,282
)
(143
)
 
33

(3
)
 
206

(5
)
 
(1,194
)
 
(141
)
 
Equity
(1,060
)
(774
)
 
46

(521
)
 
327

(224
)
 
(2,206
)
 
(204
)
 
Commodity
(58
)
(18
)
 


 
29

(75
)
 
(122
)
 
16

 
Total net derivative receivables
(66
)
(1,057
)
(c) 
293

(608
)
 
56

(473
)
 
(1,855
)
 
(469
)
(c) 
Available-for-sale securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Asset-backed securities
1,127

(9
)
 
225


 
(21
)

 
1,322

 
(9
)
 
Other
1,190

1

 
122


 
(27
)
(772
)
 
514

 
2

 
Total available-for-sale securities
2,317

(8
)
(d) 
347


 
(48
)
(772
)
 
1,836

 
(7
)
(d) 
Loans
2,271

40

(c) 
2,396


 
(480
)

 
4,227

 
21

(c) 
Mortgage servicing rights
8,552

(149
)
(e) 
181

2

 
(239
)

 
8,347

 
(149
)
(e) 
Other assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Private equity investments
5,335

168

(c) 
22

(469
)
 
(132
)
(41
)
 
4,883

 
131

(c) 
All other
2,984

47

(f) 
62

(117
)
 
(200
)

 
2,776

 
47

(f) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fair value measurements using significant unobservable inputs
 
 
Three months ended June 30, 2014
(in millions)
Fair value at April 1, 2014
Total realized/unrealized (gains)/losses
 
 
 
 
Transfers into and/or out of level 3(h)
Fair value at
June 30, 2014
Change in unrealized (gains)/losses related
to financial instruments held at June 30, 2014
Purchases
Sales
Issuances
Settlements
Liabilities:(b)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Deposits
$
2,386

$
74

(c) 
$

$

$
519

$
(24
)
$
(117
)
 
$
2,838

 
$
63

(c) 
Other borrowed funds
1,535

(132
)
(c) 


1,343

(1,380
)
172

 
1,538

 
(30
)
(c) 
Trading liabilities – debt and equity instruments
101

(4
)
(c) 
(46
)
71


(4
)
(38
)
 
80

 
1

(c) 
Accounts payable and other liabilities
18

27

(c) 





 
45

 
27

(c) 
Beneficial interests issued by consolidated VIEs
1,160

54

(c) 


4

(54
)
(102
)
 
1,062

 
58

(c) 
Long-term debt
11,203

437

(c) 


1,912

(1,369
)
(437
)
 
11,746

 
410

(c) 



102


 
Fair value measurements using significant unobservable inputs
 
 
Three months ended June 30, 2013
(in millions)
Fair value at April 1, 2013
Total realized/unrealized gains/(losses)





Transfers into and/or out of level 3(h)
Fair value at
June 30, 2013
Change in unrealized gains/(losses) related
to financial instruments held at June 30, 2013
Purchases(g)

Sales

Settlements
Assets:























Trading assets:























Debt instruments:























Mortgage-backed securities:























U.S. government agencies
$
819

$
106


$
2


$



$
(26
)
$


$
901


$
114


Residential – nonagency
633

203


135


(336
)


(20
)


615


135


Commercial – nonagency
1,151

(39
)

302


(113
)


(30
)


1,271


(49
)

Total mortgage-backed securities
2,603

270


439


(449
)


(76
)


2,787


200


Obligations of U.S. states and municipalities
1,432

(23
)

52


(37
)


(203
)


1,221


(22
)

Non-U.S. government debt securities
85

9


333


(397
)


(4
)
110


136


11


Corporate debt securities
4,852

(41
)

2,251


(955
)


(822
)
450


5,735


28


Loans
10,032

41


3,782


(2,265
)


(688
)
38


10,940


21


Asset-backed securities
1,579

95


444


(557
)


(12
)
(121
)

1,428


56


Total debt instruments
20,583

351


7,301


(4,660
)


(1,805
)
477


22,247


294


Equity securities
1,172

(10
)

111


(57
)


(56
)
(121
)

1,039


(8
)

Physical commodities









16


16




Other
948

43


54


(18
)


(52
)
130


1,105


38


Total trading assets – debt and equity instruments
22,703

384

(c) 
7,466


(4,735
)


(1,913
)
502


24,407


324

(c) 
Net derivative receivables:(a)























Interest rate
2,791

125


46


(63
)


(989
)
191


2,101


156


Credit
1,317

(335
)

3


(1
)


(76
)
13


921


(360
)

Foreign exchange
(1,516
)
161


8





137

(8
)

(1,218
)

71


Equity
(1,000
)
(323
)
(i) 
465

(i) 
(568
)
(i) 
(588
)
(277
)

(2,291
)

654


Commodity
182

295







(412
)
6


71


63


Total net derivative receivables
1,774

(77
)
(c) 
522


(632
)


(1,928
)
(75
)

(416
)

584

(c) 
Available-for-sale securities:























Asset-backed securities
1,130








(5
)


1,125




Other
837



7





(20
)


824




Total available-for-sale securities
1,967


(d) 
7





(25
)


1,949



(d) 
Loans
2,064

6

(c) 
103


(7
)


(323
)


1,843


9

(c) 
Mortgage servicing rights
7,949

1,038

(e) 
655


(19
)


(288
)


9,335


1,038

(e) 
Other assets:























Private equity investments
6,831

434

(c) 
122


(7
)


(275
)


7,105


206

(c) 
All other
3,985

1

(f) 
83


(292
)


(97
)


3,680


(11
)
(f) 























Fair value measurements using significant unobservable inputs


Three months ended June 30, 2013
(in millions)
Fair value at April 1, 2013
Total realized/unrealized (gains)/losses





Transfers into and/or out of level 3(h)
Fair value at
June 30, 2013
Change in unrealized (gains)/
losses related
to financial instruments held at June 30, 2013
Purchases

Sales
Issuances
Settlements
Liabilities:(b)





















Deposits
$
2,015

$
(110
)
(c) 
$


$

$
316

$
(44
)
$
13


$
2,190


$
(110
)
(c) 
Other borrowed funds
2,137

(243
)
(c) 



2,389

(1,695
)
85


2,673


33

(c) 
Trading liabilities – debt and equity instruments
251

(60
)
(c) 
(374
)

454


(21
)
(146
)

104


(48
)
(c) 
Accounts payable and other liabilities
33







(1
)


32




Beneficial interests issued by consolidated VIEs
818

59

(c) 



30

(44
)


863


54

(c) 
Long-term debt
9,084

(430
)
(c) 



1,878

(1,246
)
(84
)

9,202


(292
)
(c) 

103


 
Fair value measurements using significant unobservable inputs
 
 
Six months ended
June 30, 2014
(in millions)
Fair value at January 1, 2014
Total realized/unrealized gains/(losses)
 
 
 
 
Transfers into and/or out of level 3(h)
Fair value at
June 30, 2014
Change in unrealized gains/(losses) related
to financial instruments held at June 30, 2014
Purchases(g)
Sales
 
Settlements
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Trading assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Debt instruments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mortgage-backed securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. government agencies
$
1,005

$
30

 
$
343

$
(174
)
 
$
(60
)
$
(19
)
 
$
1,125

 
$
32

 
Residential – nonagency
726

91

 
373

(514
)
 
(24
)
(109
)
 
543

 
29

 
Commercial – nonagency
432

28

 
581

(481
)
 
(48
)
(185
)
 
327

 
4

 
Total mortgage-backed securities
2,163

149

 
1,297

(1,169
)
 
(132
)
(313
)
 
1,995

 
65

 
Obligations of U.S. states and municipalities
1,382

(13
)
 

(290
)
 


 
1,079

 
7

 
Non-U.S. government debt securities
143

19

 
435

(519
)
 
(2
)
52

 
128

 
24

 
Corporate debt securities
5,920

368

 
2,360

(2,015
)
 
(1,664
)
(176
)
 
4,793

 
280

 
Loans
13,455

691

 
5,287

(2,902
)
 
(2,718
)
(292
)
 
13,521

 
882

 
Asset-backed securities
1,272

70

 
1,357

(1,332
)
 
(171
)
20

 
1,216

 
43

 
Total debt instruments
24,335

1,284

 
10,736

(8,227
)
 
(4,687
)
(709
)
 
22,732

 
1,301

 
Equity securities
885

99

 
85

(75
)
 
(34
)
(256
)
 
704

 
147

 
Physical commodities
4


 


 
(1
)

 
3

 

 
Other
2,000

169

 
710

(178
)
 
(95
)
(265
)
 
2,341

 
146

 
Total trading assets – debt and equity instruments
27,224

1,552

(c) 
11,531

(8,480
)
 
(4,817
)
(1,230
)
 
25,780

 
1,594

(c) 
Net derivative receivables:(a)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate
2,379

26

 
98

(106
)
 
(765
)
(99
)
 
1,533

 
(690
)
 
Credit
95

(239
)
 
222

(21
)
 
127

(50
)
 
134

 
(186
)
 
Foreign exchange
(1,200
)
(342
)
 
94

(19
)
 
255

18

 
(1,194
)
 
(291
)
 
Equity
(1,063
)
(703
)
 
847

(1,554
)
 
452

(185
)
 
(2,206
)
 
343

 
Commodity
115

(172
)
 
1


 
(13
)
(53
)
 
(122
)
 
(156
)
 
Total net derivative receivables
326

(1,430
)
(c) 
1,262

(1,700
)
 
56

(369
)
 
(1,855
)
 
(980
)
(c) 
Available-for-sale securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Asset-backed securities
1,088

(11
)
 
225

(2
)
 
(41
)
63

 
1,322

 
(11
)
 
Other
1,234

(2
)
 
122


 
(68
)
(772
)
 
514

 
(1
)
 
Total available-for-sale securities
2,322

(13
)
(d) 
347

(2
)
 
(109
)
(709
)
 
1,836

 
(12
)
(d) 
Loans
1,931

72

(c) 
3,080

(142
)
 
(714
)

 
4,227

 
47

(c) 
Mortgage servicing rights
9,614

(971
)
(e) 
376

(186
)
 
(486
)

 
8,347

 
(971
)
(e) 
Other assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Private equity investments
6,474

264

(c) 
109

(1,487
)
 
(436
)
(41
)
 
4,883

 
119

(c) 
All other
3,176

(26
)
(f) 
135

(154
)
 
(355
)

 
2,776

 
(26
)
(f) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fair value measurements using significant unobservable inputs
 
 
Six months ended
June 30, 2014
(in millions)
Fair value at January 1, 2014
Total realized/unrealized (gains)/losses
 
 
 
 
Transfers into and/or out of level 3(h)
Fair value at
June 30, 2014
Change in unrealized (gains)/losses related
to financial instruments held at June 30, 2014
Purchases
Sales
Issuances
Settlements
Liabilities:(b)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Deposits
$
2,255

$
111

(c) 
$

$

$
809

$
(66
)
$
(271
)
 
$
2,838

 
$
98

(c) 
Other borrowed funds
2,074

(93
)
(c) 


2,676

(3,487
)
368

 
1,538

 
84

(c) 
Trading liabilities – debt and equity instruments
113

(4
)
(c) 
(262
)
279


(8
)
(38
)
 
80

 
1

(c) 
Accounts payable and other liabilities
25

27

(c) 



(7
)

 
45

 
27

(c) 
Beneficial interests issued by consolidated VIEs
1,240

101

(c) 


82

(259
)
(102
)
 
1,062

 
88

(c) 
Long-term debt
10,008

539

(c) 


3,744

(2,379
)
(166
)
 
11,746

 
585

(c) 

104


 
Fair value measurements using significant unobservable inputs
 
 
Six months ended
June 30, 2013
(in millions)
Fair value at January 1, 2013
Total realized/unrealized gains/(losses)





Transfers into and/or out of level 3(h)
Fair value at
June 30, 2013
Change in unrealized gains/(losses) related
to financial instruments held at June 30, 2013
Purchases(g)

Sales

Settlements
Assets:























Trading assets:























Debt instruments:























Mortgage-backed securities:























U.S. government agencies
$
498

$
140


$
393


$
(79
)


$
(51
)
$


$
901


$
153


Residential – nonagency
663

312


434


(740
)


(49
)
(5
)

615


177


Commercial – nonagency
1,207

(125
)

439


(178
)


(72
)


1,271


(142
)

Total mortgage-backed securities
2,368

327


1,266


(997
)


(172
)
(5
)

2,787


188


Obligations of U.S. states and municipalities
1,436

18


53


(83
)


(203
)


1,221


17


Non-U.S. government debt securities
67

11


634


(682
)


(4
)
110


136


11


Corporate debt securities
5,308

(124
)

5,178


(3,518
)


(1,447
)
338


5,735


30


Loans
10,787

(131
)

5,408


(3,750
)


(1,391
)
17


10,940


(229
)

Asset-backed securities
3,696

159


1,040


(1,534
)


(147
)
(1,786
)

1,428


74


Total debt instruments
23,662

260


13,579


(10,564
)


(3,364
)
(1,326
)

22,247


91


Equity securities
1,114

(9
)

204


(148
)


(65
)
(57
)

1,039


(28
)

Physical commodities









16


16




Other
863

87


126


(20
)


(81
)
130


1,105


139


Total trading assets – debt and equity instruments
25,639

338

(c) 
13,909


(10,732
)


(3,510
)
(1,237
)

24,407


202

(c) 
Net derivative receivables:(a)























Interest rate
3,322

431


115


(125
)


(1,847
)
205


2,101


45


Credit
1,873

(824
)

50


(1
)


(189
)
12


921


(836
)

Foreign exchange
(1,750
)
45


(7
)

(3
)


513

(16
)

(1,218
)

(5
)

Equity
(1,806
)
539

(i) 
536

(i) 
(647
)
(i) 
(810
)
(103
)

(2,291
)

604


Commodity
254

653


11


(3
)


(854
)
10


71


240


Total net derivative receivables
1,893

844

(c) 
705


(779
)


(3,187
)
108


(416
)

48

(c) 
Available-for-sale securities:























Asset-backed securities
28,024

5


400





(44
)
(27,260
)

1,125


5


Other
892

(9
)

7


(13
)


(53
)


824


3


Total available-for-sale securities
28,916

(4
)
(d) 
407


(13
)


(97
)
(27,260
)

1,949


8

(d) 
Loans
2,282

(29
)
(c) 
328


(56
)


(682
)


1,843


(43
)
(c) 
Mortgage servicing rights
7,614

1,347

(e) 
1,339


(418
)


(547
)


9,335


1,347

(e) 
Other assets:























Private equity investments
7,181

165

(c) 
203


(103
)


(341
)


7,105


(188
)
(c) 
All other
4,258

(25
)
(f) 
135


(295
)


(393
)


3,680


(41
)
(f) 























Fair value measurements using significant unobservable inputs


Six months ended
June 30, 2013
(in millions)
Fair value at January 1, 2013
Total realized/unrealized (gains)/losses





Transfers into and/or out of level 3(h)
Fair value at
June 30, 2013
Change in unrealized (gains)/losses related
to financial instruments held at June 30, 2013
Purchases

Sales
Issuances
Settlements
Liabilities:(b)





















Deposits
$
1,983

$
(105
)
(c) 
$


$

$
612

$
(157
)
$
(143
)

$
2,190


$
(97
)
(c) 
Other borrowed funds
1,619

(269
)
(c) 



4,151

(2,919
)
91


2,673


74

(c) 
Trading liabilities – debt and equity instruments
205

(68
)
(c) 
(1,859
)

2,006


(34
)
(146
)

104


(78
)
(c) 
Accounts payable and other liabilities
36

1

(f) 




(5
)


32


1

(f) 
Beneficial interests issued by consolidated VIEs
925

25

(c) 



51

(138
)


863


26

(c) 
Long-term debt
8,476

(905
)
(c) 



3,733

(1,603
)
(499
)

9,202


(321
)
(c) 
(a)
All level 3 derivatives are presented on a net basis, irrespective of the underlying counterparty.
(b)
Level 3 liabilities as a percentage of total Firm liabilities accounted for at fair value (including liabilities measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis) were 16% and 18% at June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, respectively.

105


(c)
Predominantly reported in principal transactions revenue, except for changes in fair value for Consumer & Community Banking (“CCB”) mortgage loans, lending-related commitments originated with the intent to sell, and mortgage loan purchase commitments, which are reported in mortgage fees and related income.
(d)
Realized gains/(losses) on securities, as well as other-than-temporary impairment losses that are recorded in earnings, are reported in securities gains. Unrealized gains/(losses) are reported in OCI. Realized gains/(losses) and foreign exchange remeasurement adjustments recorded in income on AFS securities were $(11) million and $3 million for the three months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, and $(12) million and $(15) million for the six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively. Unrealized gains/(losses) recorded on AFS securities in OCI were $3 million and $(3) million for the three months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013 and $(1) million and $11 million for the six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively.
(e)
Changes in fair value for CCB mortgage servicing rights are reported in mortgage fees and related income.
(f)
Predominantly reported in other income.
(g)
Loan originations are included in purchases.
(h)
All transfers into and/or out of level 3 are assumed to occur at the beginning of the quarterly reporting period in which they occur.
(i)
The prior period amounts have been revised. The revision had no impact on the Firm’s Consolidated Balance Sheets or its results of operations.

Level 3 analysis
Consolidated Balance Sheets changes
Level 3 assets (including assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis) were 2.5% of total Firm assets at June 30, 2014. The following describes significant changes to level 3 assets since December 31, 2013, for those items measured at fair value on a recurring basis. For further information on changes impacting items measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis, see Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis on page 107.
Three months ended June 30, 2014
Level 3 assets were $60.4 billion at June 30, 2014, reflecting a decrease of $2.8 billion from March 31, 2014, largely due to the following:
$4.9 billion decrease in derivative receivables, largely driven by client-driven market-making activity and a transfer of equity derivative receivables from level 3 to level 2 due to increase in observability of certain equity options;
$2.0 billion increase in loans due to originations;
$1.5 billion increase in trading assets - debt and equity instruments largely driven by trading loans purchases and new client-driven financing transactions;
Six months ended June 30, 2014
Level 3 assets decreased by $8.9 billion in the first six months of 2014, mainly due to the following:
$6.0 billion decrease in derivative receivable, predominantly driven by equity derivative receivables due to maturities and a transfer from level 3 to level 2 as a result of increase in observability of certain equity options;
$2.3 billion increase in loans due to originations;
$1.6 billion decrease in private equity investments, driven by sales of investments.
$1.4 billion decrease in trading assets - debt and equity instruments, largely driven by net sales and maturities of corporate debt securities.
$1.3 million decrease in MSRs. For further discussion of the change, refer to Note 16;




 

Gains and losses
The following describes significant components of total realized/unrealized gains/(losses) for instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis for the periods indicated. For further information on these instruments, see Changes in level 3 recurring fair value measurements rollforward tables on pages 99–106.
Three months ended June 30, 2014
$1.1 billion net losses on derivatives, largely due to client-driven market-making activities in equity derivatives.
Three months ended June 30, 2013
$1.0 billion of gains on MSRs. For further discussion of the change, refer to Note 16.
Six months ended June 30, 2014
$1.6 billion of net gains in trading assets - debt and equity instruments, largely driven by client-driven activities in corporate debt and trading loans;
$1.4 billion of net losses on derivatives, largely driven by foreign exchange derivatives due to fluctuations in foreign exchange rates and client-driven market-making activities in equity derivatives.
$1.0 billion of losses on MSRs. For further discussion of the change, refer to Note 16.
Six months ended June 30, 2013
$1.3 billion of gains on MSRs. For further discussion of the change, refer to Note 16.
$(905) million of gains on long-term debt, due to market movements.


106


Credit & funding adjustments
The following table provides the credit and funding adjustments, excluding the effect of any associated hedging activities, reflected within the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of the dates indicated.
(in millions)
Jun 30, 2014
 
Dec 31, 2013
Derivative receivables balance(a)
$
62,378

 
$
65,759

Derivative payables balance(a)
50,795

 
57,314

Derivatives CVA(b)(c)
(2,099
)
 
(2,352
)
Derivatives DVA and FVA(b)(d)
(483
)
 
(322
)
Structured notes balance(a)(e)
54,467

 
48,808

Structured notes DVA and FVA(b)(f)
1,131

 
952

(a)
Balances are presented net of applicable credit valuation adjustments (“CVA”) and debit valuation adjustments (“DVA”)/funding valuation adjustments (“FVA”).
(b)
Positive CVA and DVA/FVA represent amounts that increased receivable balances or decreased payable balances; negative CVA and DVA/FVA represent amounts that decreased receivable balances or increased payable balances.
(c)
Derivatives CVA includes results managed by the credit portfolio group and other businesses.
(d)
At June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, included derivatives DVA of $620 million and $715 million, respectively.
(e)
Structured notes are predominantly financial instruments containing embedded derivatives that are measured at fair value based on the Firm’s election under the fair value option. At June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, included $1.2 billion and $1.1 billion, respectively, of financial instruments with no embedded derivative for which the fair value option has also been elected. For further information on these elections, see Note 4.
(f)
At June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013 included structured notes DVA of $1.4 billion and $1.4 billion, respectively.
The following table provides the impact of credit adjustments on Principal transactions revenue in the respective periods, excluding the effect of any associated hedging activities.
 
Three months ended June 30,
 
Six months
ended June 30,
(in millions)
2014
 
2013
 
2014
 
2013
Credit adjustments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Derivative CVA(a) 
$
272

 
$
549

 
$
253

 
$
881

Derivative DVA and FVA(b)
(36
)
 
104

 
(161
)
 
99

Structured note DVA and FVA(c)
162

 
251

 
179

 
382

(a)
Derivatives CVA includes results managed by the credit portfolio group and other businesses.
(b)
Included derivatives DVA of $(1) million and $104 million for the three months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013 and $(95) million and $99 million for the six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively.
(c)
Included structured notes DVA of $134 million and $251 million for the three months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013 and $19 million and $382 million for the six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

 
Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis
At June 30, 2014 and 2013, assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis were $3.4 billion and $1.6 billion, respectively, which predominantly consisted of loans that had fair value adjustments in each of the first six months of 2014 and 2013. At June 30, 2014, $597 million and $2.8 billion of these assets were classified in levels 2 and 3 of the fair value hierarchy, respectively. At June 30, 2013, $95 million and $1.5 billion of these assets were classified in levels 2 and 3 of the fair value hierarchy, respectively. Liabilities measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis were not significant at June 30, 2014 and 2013. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, there were no significant transfers between levels 1, 2, and 3.
Of the $3.4 billion of assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis, $2.1 billion related to trade finance loans that were reclassified to held-for-sale during the fourth quarter of 2013 and subject to a lower of cost or fair value adjustment. These loans were classified as level 3, as they are valued based on the indicative pricing received from external investors, which ranged from a spread of 58 bps to 70 bps, with a weighted average of 62 bps.

At June 30, 2014, assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis also included $542 million related to residential real estate loans measured at the net realizable value of the underlying collateral (i.e., collateral-dependent loans and other loans charged off in accordance with regulatory guidance). These amounts are classified as level 3 as they are valued using a broker’s price opinion and discounted based upon the Firm’s experience with actual liquidation values. These discounts to the broker price opinions ranged from 12% to 64%, with a weighted average of 29%.
The total change in the recorded value of assets and liabilities for which a fair value adjustment has been included in the Consolidated Statements of Income for the three months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, related to financial instruments held at those dates, was a reduction of $318 million and $293 million, respectively; and for the six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, was a reduction of $456 million and $521 million.
For information about the measurement of impaired collateral-dependent loans, and other loans where the carrying value is based on the fair value of the underlying collateral (e.g., residential mortgage loans charged off in accordance with regulatory guidance), see Note 14 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.



107


Additional disclosures about the fair value of financial instruments that are not carried on the Consolidated Balance Sheets at fair value
The following table presents the carrying values and estimated fair values at June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, of financial assets and liabilities, excluding financial instruments which are carried at fair value on a recurring basis, and information is provided on their classification within the fair value hierarchy. For additional information regarding the financial instruments within the scope of this disclosure, and the methods and significant assumptions used to estimate their fair value, see Note 3 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.
 
June 30, 2014
 
December 31, 2013
 
 
Estimated fair value hierarchy
 
 
 
Estimated fair value hierarchy
 
(in billions)
Carrying
value
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Total estimated
fair value
 
Carrying
value
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Total estimated
fair value
Financial assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash and due from banks
$
27.5

$
27.5

$

$

$
27.5

 
$
39.8

$
39.8

$

$

$
39.8

Deposits with banks
393.9

387.3

6.6


393.9

 
316.1

309.7

6.4


316.1

Accrued interest and accounts receivable
77.1


76.9

0.2

77.1

 
65.2


64.9

0.3

65.2

Federal funds sold and securities purchased under resale agreements
220.3


220.3


220.3

 
223.0


223.0


223.0

Securities borrowed
111.8


111.8


111.8

 
107.7


107.7


107.7

Securities, held-to-maturity(a)
47.8


49.2


49.2

 
24.0


23.7


23.7

Loans, net of allowance for loan losses(b)
727.4


18.2

713.5

731.7

 
720.1


23.0

697.2

720.2

Other(c)
52.8


49.8

6.7

56.5

 
58.2


54.5

7.4

61.9

Financial liabilities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Deposits
$
1,311.8

$

$
1,310.9

$
1.2

$
1,312.1

 
$
1,281.1

$

$
1,280.3

$
1.2

$
1,281.5

Federal funds purchased and securities loaned or sold under repurchase agreements
213.9


213.9


213.9

 
175.7


175.7


175.7

Commercial paper
63.8


63.8


63.8

 
57.8


57.8


57.8

Other borrowed funds
19.3



19.3


19.3

 
14.7


14.7


14.7

Accounts payable and other liabilities
175.2


172.5

2.6

175.1

 
160.2


158.2

1.8

160.0

Beneficial interests issued by consolidated VIEs
43.6


40.6

3.0

43.6

 
47.6


44.3

3.2

47.5

Long-term debt and junior subordinated deferrable interest debentures(d)
238.8


242.7

3.4

246.1

 
239.0


240.8

6.0

246.8

(a)
Carrying value includes unamortized discount or premium.
(b)
Fair value is typically estimated using a discounted cash flow model that incorporates the characteristics of the underlying loans (including principal, contractual interest rate and contractual fees) and other key inputs, including expected lifetime credit losses, interest rates, prepayment rates, and primary origination or secondary market spreads. For certain loans, the fair value is measured based on the value of the underlying collateral. The difference between the estimated fair value and carrying value of a financial asset or liability is the result of the different methodologies used to determine fair value as compared with carrying value. For example, credit losses are estimated for a financial asset’s remaining life in a fair value calculation but are estimated for a loss emergence period in the allowance for loan loss calculation; future loan income (interest and fees) is incorporated in a fair value calculation but is generally not considered in the allowance for loan losses. For a further discussion of the Firm’s methodologies for estimating the fair value of loans and lending-related commitments, see Valuation hierarchy on pages 197–215 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report and pages 96–109 of this Note.
(c)
Current period numbers have been updated to include certain nonmarketable equity securities. Prior period amounts have been revised to conform to the current presentation.
(d)
Carrying value includes unamortized original issue discount and other valuation adjustments.


108


The majority of the Firm’s lending-related commitments are not carried at fair value on a recurring basis on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, nor are they actively traded. The carrying value and estimated fair value of the Firm’s wholesale lending-related commitments were as follows for the periods indicated.
 
June 30, 2014
 
December 31, 2013
 
 
Estimated fair value hierarchy
 
 
 
Estimated fair value hierarchy
 
(in billions)
Carrying value(a)
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Total estimated fair value
 
Carrying value(a)
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Total estimated fair value
Wholesale lending-related commitments
$
0.6

$

$

$
0.8

$
0.8

 
$
0.7

$

$

$
1.0

$
1.0

(a)
Represents the allowance for wholesale lending-related commitments. Excludes the current carrying values of the guarantee liability and the offsetting asset, each of which are recognized at fair value at the inception of guarantees.
The Firm does not estimate the fair value of consumer lending-related commitments. In many cases, the Firm can reduce or cancel these commitments by providing the borrower notice or, in some cases as permitted by law, without notice. For a further discussion of the valuation of lending-related commitments, see page 198 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.
Trading assets and liabilities – average balances
Average trading assets and liabilities were as follows for the periods indicated.
 
 
Three months ended June 30,
Six months ended June 30,
(in millions)
 
2014
 
 
2013
2014
 
2013
Trading assets – debt and equity instruments
 
$
325,426

 
 
$
357,285

$
320,197

 
$
363,952

Trading assets – derivative receivables
 
60,830

 
 
75,310

62,814

 
75,115

Trading liabilities – debt and equity instruments(a)
 
85,123

 
 
75,671

85,230

 
73,103

Trading liabilities – derivative payables
 
49,487

 
 
66,246

51,305

 
67,458

(a)
Primarily represent securities sold, not yet purchased.

109


Note 4 – Fair value option
For a discussion of the primary financial instruments for which the fair value option was previously elected, including the basis for those elections and the determination of instrument-specific credit risk, where relevant, see Note 4 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.
Changes in fair value under the fair value option election
The following table presents the changes in fair value included in the Consolidated Statements of Income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, for items for which the fair value option was elected. The profit and loss information presented below only includes the financial instruments that were elected to be measured at fair value; related risk management instruments, which are required to be measured at fair value, are not included in the table.
 
Three months ended June 30,
 
2014
 
2013
(in millions)
Principal transactions
Other income
Total changes in fair value recorded
 
Principal transactions
Other income
Total changes in fair value recorded
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under resale agreements
$
96

$

 
$
96

 
$
(287
)
$

 
$
(287
)
Securities borrowed
(2
)

 
(2
)
 
(8
)

 
(8
)
Trading assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Debt and equity instruments, excluding loans
245

3

(b) 
248

 
(14
)
4

(b) 
(10
)
Loans reported as trading assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Changes in instrument-specific credit risk
391

3

(b) 
394

 
211

26

(b) 
237

Other changes in fair value
38

400

(b) 
438

 
(94
)
253

(b) 
159

Loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Changes in instrument-specific credit risk
20


 
20

 
(1
)

 
(1
)
Other changes in fair value
24


 
24

 
21


 
21

Other assets
7

(30
)
(c) 
(23
)
 
22

(20
)
(c) 
2

Deposits(a)
(107
)

 
(107
)
 
219


 
219

Federal funds purchased and securities loaned or sold under repurchase agreements
(18
)

 
(18
)
 
41


 
41

Other borrowed funds(a) 
(911
)

 
(911
)
 
734


 
734

Trading liabilities
(3
)

 
(3
)
 
(14
)

 
(14
)
Beneficial interests issued by consolidated VIEs
(48
)

 
(48
)
 
(69
)

 
(69
)
Other liabilities
(27
)

 
(27
)
 


 

Long-term debt:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Changes in instrument-specific credit risk(a) 
82


 
82

 
159


 
159

Other changes in fair value
(773
)

 
(773
)
 
1,000


 
1,000



110


 
Six months ended June 30,
 
2014
 
2013
(in millions)
Principal transactions
Other income
Total changes in fair value recorded
 
Principal transactions
Other income
Total changes in fair value recorded
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under resale agreements
$
56

$

 
$
56

 
$
(358
)
$

 
$
(358
)
Securities borrowed
(5
)

 
(5
)
 
18


 
18

Trading assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 

 

 
 
Debt and equity instruments, excluding loans
475

1

(b) 
476

 
242

7

(b) 
249

Loans reported as trading assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 

 

 
 
Changes in instrument-specific credit risk
754

12

(b) 
766

 
539

38

(b) 
577

Other changes in fair value
102

692

(b) 
794

 
(78
)
1,205

(b) 
1,127

Loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 

 

 
 
Changes in instrument-specific credit risk
28


 
28

 
(6
)

 
(6
)
Other changes in fair value
31


 
31

 
21


 
21

Other assets
12

(142
)
(c) 
(130
)
 
21

(89
)
(c) 
(68
)
Deposits(a)
(211
)

 
(211
)
 
297


 
297

Federal funds purchased and securities loaned or sold under repurchase agreements
(34
)

 
(34
)
 
45


 
45

Other borrowed funds(a) 
(1,171
)

 
(1,171
)
 
380


 
380

Trading liabilities
(9
)

 
(9
)
 
(32
)

 
(32
)
Beneficial interests issued by consolidated VIEs
(137
)

 
(137
)
 
(97
)

 
(97
)
Other liabilities
(27
)

 
(27
)
 

(1
)
(c) 
(1
)
Long-term debt:
 
 
 
 
 
 

 

 
 
Changes in instrument-specific credit risk(a) 
5


 
5

 
192


 
192

Other changes in fair value(b)
(791
)

 
(791
)
 
969


 
969

(a)
Total changes in instrument-specific credit risk (DVA) related to structured notes were $134 million and $251 million for the three months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013 and $19 million and $382 million for the six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively. These totals include such changes for structured notes classified within deposits and other borrowed funds, as well as long-term debt.
(b)
Reported in mortgage fees and related income.
(c)
Reported in other income.


111


Difference between aggregate fair value and aggregate remaining contractual principal balance outstanding
The following table reflects the difference between the aggregate fair value and the aggregate remaining contractual principal balance outstanding as of June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, for loans, long-term debt and long-term beneficial interests for which the fair value option has been elected.
 
June 30, 2014
 
December 31, 2013
(in millions)
Contractual principal outstanding
 
Fair value
Fair value over/(under) contractual principal outstanding
 
Contractual principal outstanding
 
Fair value
Fair value over/(under) contractual principal outstanding
Loans(a)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Nonaccrual loans
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loans reported as trading assets
$
4,462

 
$
1,270

$
(3,192
)
 
$
5,156

 
$
1,491

$
(3,665
)
Loans
214

 
154

(60
)
 
209

 
154

(55
)
Subtotal
4,676

 
1,424

(3,252
)
 
5,365

 
1,645

(3,720
)
All other performing loans
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loans reported as trading assets
35,185

 
31,920

(3,265
)
 
33,069

 
29,295

(3,774
)
Loans
3,934

 
3,877

(57
)
 
1,618

 
1,563

(55
)
Total loans
$
43,795

 
$
37,221

$
(6,574
)
 
$
40,052

 
$
32,503

$
(7,549
)
Long-term debt
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Principal-protected debt
$
15,634

(c) 
$
15,882

$
248

 
$
15,797

(c) 
$
15,909

$
112

Nonprincipal-protected debt(b)
NA

 
15,260

NA

 
NA

 
12,969

NA

Total long-term debt
NA

 
$
31,142

NA

 
NA

 
$
28,878

NA

Long-term beneficial interests
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Nonprincipal-protected debt(b)
NA

 
$
2,094

NA

 
NA

 
$
1,996

NA

Total long-term beneficial interests
NA

 
$
2,094

NA

 
NA

 
$
1,996

NA

(a)
There were no performing loans that were ninety days or more past due as of June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013.
(b)
Remaining contractual principal is not applicable to nonprincipal-protected notes. Unlike principal-protected structured notes, for which the Firm is obligated to return a stated amount of principal at the maturity of the note, nonprincipal-protected structured notes do not obligate the Firm to return a stated amount of principal at maturity, but to return an amount based on the performance of an underlying variable or derivative feature embedded in the note. However, investors are exposed to the credit risk of the Firm as issuer for both nonprincipal-protected and principal protected notes.
(c)
Where the Firm issues principal-protected zero-coupon or discount notes, the balance reflected as the remaining contractual principal is the final principal payment at maturity.
At June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, the contractual amount of letters of credit for which the fair value option was elected was $4.5 billion and $4.5 billion, respectively, with a corresponding fair value of $(106) million and $(99) million, respectively. For further information regarding off-balance sheet lending-related financial instruments, see Note 29 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report, and Note 21 of this Form 10-Q.
Structured note products by balance sheet classification and risk component
The table below presents the fair value of the structured notes issued by the Firm, by balance sheet classification and the primary risk to which the structured notes’ embedded derivative relates.
 
June 30, 2014
 
December 31, 2013
(in millions)
Long-term debt
Other borrowed funds
Deposits
Total
 
Long-term debt
Other borrowed funds
Deposits
Total
Risk exposure
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate
$
10,505

$
461

$
1,735

$
12,701

 
$
9,516

$
615

$
1,270

$
11,401

Credit
4,429

124


4,553

 
4,248

13


4,261

Foreign exchange
2,307

136

16

2,459

 
2,321

194

27

2,542

Equity
12,512

13,510

4,184

30,206

 
11,082

11,936

3,736

26,754

Commodity
1,154

589

1,570

3,313

 
1,260

310

1,133

2,703

Total structured notes
$
30,907

$
14,820

$
7,505

$
53,232

 
$
28,427

$
13,068

$
6,166

$
47,661


112


Note 5 – Derivative instruments
JPMorgan Chase makes markets in derivatives for customers and also uses derivatives to hedge or manage its own risk exposures. For a further discussion of the Firm’s use of and accounting policies regarding derivative instruments, see Note 6 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.
The Firm’s disclosures are based on the accounting treatment and purpose of these derivatives. A limited number of the Firm’s derivatives are designated in hedge
 
accounting relationships and are disclosed according to the type of hedge (fair value hedge, cash flow hedge, or net investment hedge). Derivatives not designated in hedge accounting relationships include certain derivatives that are used to manage certain risks associated with specified assets or liabilities (“specified risk management” positions) as well as derivatives used in the Firm’s market-making businesses or for other purposes.


The following table outlines the Firm’s primary uses of derivatives and the related hedge accounting designation or disclosure category.
Type of Derivative
Use of Derivative
Designation and disclosure
Affected
segment or unit
10-Q page reference
Manage specifically identified risk exposures in qualifying hedge accounting relationships:
 
 
 
◦ Interest rate
Hedge fixed rate assets and liabilities
Fair value hedge
Corporate/PE
119-120
◦ Interest rate
Hedge floating rate assets and liabilities
Cash flow hedge
Corporate/PE
121
 Foreign exchange
Hedge foreign currency-denominated assets and liabilities
Fair value hedge
Corporate/PE
119-120
 Foreign exchange
Hedge forecasted revenue and expense
Cash flow hedge
Corporate/PE
121
 Foreign exchange
Hedge the value of the Firm’s investments in non-U.S. subsidiaries
Net investment hedge
Corporate/PE
122
 Commodity
Hedge commodity inventory
Fair value hedge
CIB
119-120
Manage specifically identified risk exposures not designated in qualifying hedge accounting relationships:
 
 
 
 Interest rate
Manage the risk of the mortgage pipeline, warehouse loans and MSRs
Specified risk management
CCB
122
 Credit
Manage the credit risk of wholesale lending exposures
Specified risk management
CIB
122
 Commodity
Manage the risk of certain commodities-related contracts and investments
Specified risk management
CIB
122
 Interest rate and foreign exchange
Manage the risk of certain other specified assets and liabilities
Specified risk management
Corporate/PE
122
Market-making derivatives and other activities:
 
 
 
◦ Various
Market-making and related risk management
Market-making and other
CIB
122
◦ Various
Other derivatives
Market-making and other
CIB, Corporate/PE
122



113


Notional amount of derivative contracts
The following table summarizes the notional amount of derivative contracts outstanding as of June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013.
 
Notional amounts(c)
(in billions)
June 30,
2014
December 31, 2013
Interest rate contracts
 
 
Swaps
$
30,929

$
35,221

Futures and forwards
12,556

11,251

Written options(a)
4,305

4,046

Purchased options
4,704

4,187

Total interest rate contracts
52,494

54,705

Credit derivatives(a)(b)
5,100

5,331

Foreign exchange contracts
 
 

Cross-currency swaps
3,680

3,488

Spot, futures and forwards
4,310

3,773

Written options
725

659

Purchased options
716

652

Total foreign exchange contracts
9,431

8,572

Equity contracts
 
 
Swaps(a)
198

187

Futures and forwards(a)
46

50

Written options
474

425

Purchased options
391

380

Total equity contracts
1,109

1,042

Commodity contracts
 
 

Swaps
130

124

Spot, futures and forwards
218

234

Written options
200

202

Purchased options
196

203

Total commodity contracts
744

763

Total derivative notional amounts
$
68,878

$
70,413

(a)
The prior period amount has been revised. This revision had no impact on the Firm’s Consolidated Balance Sheets or its results of operations.
(b)
For more information on volumes and types of credit derivative contracts, see the Credit derivatives discussion on page 123 of this Note.
(c)
Represents the sum of gross long and gross short third-party notional derivative contracts.
While the notional amounts disclosed above give an indication of the volume of the Firm’s derivatives activity, the notional amounts significantly exceed, in the Firm’s view, the possible losses that could arise from such transactions. For most derivative transactions, the notional amount is not exchanged; it is used simply as a reference to calculate payments.


114


Impact of derivatives on the Consolidated Balance Sheets
The following table summarizes information on derivative receivables and payables (before and after netting adjustments) that are reflected on the Firm’s Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, by accounting designation (e.g., whether the derivatives were designated in qualifying hedge accounting relationships or not) and contract type.
Free-standing derivative receivables and payables(a)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gross derivative receivables
 
 
Gross derivative payables
 
June 30, 2014
(in millions)
Not designated as hedges
Designated as hedges
Total derivative receivables
Net derivative receivables(b)
 
Not designated as hedges
Designated
as hedges
Total derivative payables
Net derivative payables(b)
Trading assets and liabilities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate
$
817,201

$
3,100

$
820,301

$
28,829

 
$
784,808

$
2,410

$
787,218

$
15,089

Credit
81,052


81,052

2,964

 
79,556


79,556

2,832

Foreign exchange
112,243

1,008

113,251

11,625

 
113,357

1,327

114,684

11,682

Equity
49,794


49,794

9,377

 
53,524


53,524

11,024

Commodity
35,843

283

36,126

9,583

 
36,181

680

36,861

10,168

Total fair value of trading assets and liabilities
$
1,096,133

$
4,391

$
1,100,524

$
62,378

 
$
1,067,426

$
4,417

$
1,071,843

$
50,795

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gross derivative receivables
 
 
Gross derivative payables
 
December 31, 2013
(in millions)
Not designated as hedges
Designated as hedges
Total derivative receivables
Net derivative receivables(b)
 
Not designated as hedges
Designated
as hedges
Total derivative payables
Net derivative payables(b)
Trading assets and liabilities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate
$
851,189

$
3,490

$
854,679

$
25,782

 
$
820,811

$
4,543

$
825,354

$
13,283

Credit
83,520


83,520

1,516

 
82,402


82,402

2,281

Foreign exchange
152,240

1,359

153,599

16,790

 
158,728

1,397

160,125

15,947

Equity
52,931


52,931

12,227

 
54,654


54,654

14,719

Commodity
34,344

1,394

35,738

9,444

 
37,605

9

37,614

11,084

Total fair value of trading assets and liabilities
$
1,174,224

$
6,243

$
1,180,467

$
65,759

 
$
1,154,200

$
5,949

$
1,160,149

$
57,314

(a)
Balances exclude structured notes for which the fair value option has been elected. See Note 4 for further information.
(b)
As permitted under U.S. GAAP, the Firm has elected to net derivative receivables and derivative payables and the related cash collateral receivables and payables when a legally enforceable master netting agreement exists.



115


The following table presents, as of June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, the gross and net derivative receivables by contract and settlement type. Derivative receivables have been netted on the Consolidated Balance Sheets against derivative payables and cash collateral payables to the same counterparty with respect to derivative contracts for which the Firm has obtained an appropriate legal opinion with respect to the master netting agreement. Where such a legal opinion has not been either sought or obtained, the receivables are not eligible under U.S. GAAP for netting on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, and are shown separately in the table below.
 
June 30, 2014
 
December 31, 2013
(in millions)
Gross derivative receivables
Amounts netted on the Consolidated balance sheets
Net derivative receivables
 
Gross derivative receivables
Amounts netted on the Consolidated balance sheets
Net derivative receivables
U.S. GAAP nettable derivative receivables
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate contracts:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Over–the–counter (“OTC”)
$
498,230

$
(475,647
)
 
$
22,583

 
$
486,449

$
(466,493
)
 
$
19,956

OTC–cleared
316,030

(315,825
)
 
205

 
362,426

(362,404
)
 
22

Exchange traded(a)


 

 


 

Total interest rate contracts
814,260

(791,472
)
 
22,788

 
848,875

(828,897
)
 
19,978

Credit contracts:
 
 
 
 
 
 


 
 
OTC
69,143

(68,041
)
 
1,102

 
66,269

(65,725
)
 
544

OTC–cleared
11,422

(10,047
)
 
1,375

 
16,841

(16,279
)
 
562

Total credit contracts
80,565

(78,088
)
 
2,477

 
83,110

(82,004
)
 
1,106

Foreign exchange contracts:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTC
110,256

(101,578
)
 
8,678

 
148,953

(136,763
)
 
12,190

OTC–cleared
48

(48
)
 

 
46

(46
)
 

Exchange traded(a)


 

 


 

Total foreign exchange contracts
110,304

(101,626
)
 
8,678

 
148,999

(136,809
)
 
12,190

Equity contracts:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTC
23,441

(23,026
)
 
415

 
31,870

(29,289
)
 
2,581

OTC–cleared


 

 


 

Exchange traded(a)
20,052

(17,391
)
 
2,661

 
17,732

(11,415
)
 
6,317

Total equity contracts
43,493

(40,417
)
 
3,076

 
49,602

(40,704
)
 
8,898

Commodity contracts:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTC
21,951

(14,860
)
 
7,091

 
21,619

(15,082
)
 
6,537

OTC–cleared


 

 


 

Exchange traded(a)
13,414

(11,683
)
 
1,731

 
12,528

(11,212
)
 
1,316

Total commodity contracts
35,365

(26,543
)
 
8,822

 
34,147

(26,294
)
 
7,853

Derivative receivables with appropriate legal opinion
$
1,083,987

$
(1,038,146
)
(b) 
$
45,841

 
$
1,164,733

$
(1,114,708
)
(b) 
$
50,025

Derivative receivables where an appropriate legal opinion has not been either sought or obtained
16,537

 
 
16,537

 
15,734

 
 
15,734

Total derivative receivables recognized on the Consolidated Balance Sheets
$
1,100,524

 
 
$
62,378

 
$
1,180,467

 
 
$
65,759

(a)
Exchange traded derivative amounts that relate to futures contracts are settled daily.
(b)
Included cash collateral netted of $62.0 billion and $63.9 billion at June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, respectively.

116


The following table presents, as of June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, the gross and net derivative payables by contract and settlement type. Derivative payables have been netted on the Consolidated Balance Sheets against derivative receivables and cash collateral receivables from the same counterparty with respect to derivative contracts for which the Firm has obtained an appropriate legal opinion with respect to the master netting agreement. Where such a legal opinion has not been either sought or obtained, the payables are not eligible under U.S. GAAP for netting on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, and are shown separately in the table below.
 
June 30, 2014
 
December 31, 2013
(in millions)
Gross derivative payables
Amounts netted on the Consolidated balance sheets
Net derivative payables
 
Gross derivative payables
Amounts netted on the Consolidated balance sheets
Net derivative payables
U.S. GAAP nettable derivative payables
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate contracts:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTC
$
472,544

$
(461,345
)
 
$
11,199

 
$
467,850

$
(458,081
)
 
$
9,769

OTC–cleared
311,744

(310,784
)
 
960

 
354,698

(353,990
)
 
708

Exchange traded(a)


 

 


 

Total interest rate contracts
784,288

(772,129
)
 
12,159

 
822,548

(812,071
)

10,477

Credit contracts:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTC
67,182

(65,923
)
 
1,259

 
65,223

(63,671
)
 
1,552

OTC–cleared
11,910

(10,801
)
 
1,109

 
16,506

(16,450
)
 
56

Total credit contracts
79,092

(76,724
)
 
2,368

 
81,729

(80,121
)

1,608

Foreign exchange contracts:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTC
110,876

(102,961
)
 
7,915

 
155,110

(144,119
)
 
10,991

OTC–cleared
41

(41
)
 

 
61

(59
)
 
2

Exchange traded(a)


 

 


 

Total foreign exchange contracts
110,917

(103,002
)
 
7,915

 
155,171

(144,178
)

10,993

Equity contracts:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTC
29,222

(25,109
)
 
4,113

 
33,295

(28,520
)
 
4,775

OTC–cleared


 

 


 

Exchange traded(a)
18,257

(17,391
)
 
866

 
17,349

(11,415
)
 
5,934

Total equity contracts
47,479

(42,500
)
 
4,979

 
50,644

(39,935
)

10,709

Commodity contracts:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTC
20,689

(15,010
)
 
5,679

 
21,993

(15,318
)
 
6,675

OTC–cleared


 

 


 

Exchange traded(a)
13,177

(11,683
)
 
1,494

 
12,367

(11,212
)
 
1,155

Total commodity contracts
33,866

(26,693
)
 
7,173

 
34,360

(26,530
)

7,830

Derivative payables with appropriate legal opinions
$
1,055,642

$
(1,021,048
)
(b) 
$
34,594

 
$
1,144,452

$
(1,102,835
)
(b) 
$
41,617

Derivative payables where an appropriate legal opinion has not been either sought or obtained
16,201

 
 
16,201

 
15,697

 
 
15,697

Total derivative payables recognized on the Consolidated Balance Sheets
$
1,071,843

 
 
$
50,795

 
$
1,160,149

 
 
$
57,314

(a)
Exchange traded derivative balances that relate to futures contracts are settled daily.
(b)
Included cash collateral netted of $44.9 billion and $52.1 billion related to OTC and OTC-cleared derivatives at June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, respectively.



117


In addition to the cash collateral received and transferred that is presented on a net basis with net derivative receivables and payables, the Firm receives and transfers additional collateral (financial instruments and cash). These amounts mitigate counterparty credit risk associated with the Firm’s derivative instruments but are not eligible for net presentation, because (a) the collateral is comprised of
 
non-cash financial instruments (generally U.S. government and agency securities and other G7 government bonds), (b) the amount of collateral held or transferred exceeds the fair value exposure, at the individual counterparty level, as of the date presented, or (c) the collateral relates to derivative receivables or payables where an appropriate legal opinion has not been either sought or obtained.


The following tables present information regarding certain financial instrument collateral received and transferred as of June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, that is not eligible for net presentation under U.S. GAAP. The collateral included in these tables relates only to the derivative instruments for which appropriate legal opinions have been obtained; excluded are (i) additional collateral that exceeds the fair value exposure and (ii) all collateral related to derivative instruments where an appropriate legal opinion has not been either sought or obtained.
Derivative receivable collateral
 
 
 
 
 
 
June 30, 2014
 
December 31, 2013
(in millions)
Net derivative receivables
Collateral not nettable on the Consolidated balance sheets
 
Net exposure
 
Net derivative receivables
Collateral not nettable on the Consolidated balance sheets
 
Net exposure
Derivative receivables with appropriate legal opinions
$
45,841

$
(10,707
)
(a) 
$
35,134

 
$
50,025

$
(12,414
)
(a) 
$
37,611

Derivative payable collateral(b)
 
 
 
 
 
 
June 30, 2014
 
December 31, 2013
(in millions)
Net derivative payables
Collateral not nettable on the Consolidated balance sheets
 
Net amount(c)
 
Net derivative payables
Collateral not nettable on the Consolidated balance sheets
 
Net amount(c)
Derivative payables with appropriate legal opinions
$
34,594

$
(7,302
)
(a) 
$
27,292

 
$
41,617

$
(6,873
)
(a) 
$
34,744

(a)
Represents liquid security collateral as well as cash collateral held at third party custodians. For some counterparties, the collateral amounts of financial instruments may exceed the derivative receivables and derivative payables balances. Where this is the case, the total amount reported is limited to the net derivative receivables and net derivative payables balances with that counterparty.
(b)
Derivative payable collateral relates only to OTC and OTC-cleared derivative instruments. Amounts exclude collateral transferred related to exchange-traded derivative instruments.
(c)
Net amount represents exposure of counterparties to the Firm.

Liquidity risk and credit-related contingent features
For a more detailed discussion of liquidity risk and credit-related contingent features related to the Firm’s derivative contracts, see Note 6 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.
The following table shows the aggregate fair value of net derivative payables related to OTC and OTC-cleared derivatives that contain contingent collateral or termination features that may be triggered upon a ratings downgrade, and the associated collateral the Firm has posted in the normal course of business, at June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013.
 
OTC and OTC-cleared derivative payables containing downgrade triggers
(in millions)
June 30,
2014
December 31, 2013
Aggregate fair value of net derivative payables
$
22,077

$
24,631

Collateral posted
17,569

20,346



118


The following table shows the impact of a single-notch and two-notch downgrade of the long-term issuer ratings of JPMorgan Chase & Co. and its subsidiaries, predominantly JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association (“JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.”), at June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, related to OTC and OTC-cleared derivative contracts with contingent collateral or termination features that may be triggered upon a ratings downgrade. Derivatives contracts generally require additional collateral to be posted or terminations to be triggered when the predefined threshold rating is breached. A downgrade by a single rating agency that does not result in a rating lower than a preexisting corresponding rating provided by another major rating agency will generally not result in additional collateral, except in certain instances in which additional initial margin may be required upon a ratings downgrade, or termination payment requirements. The liquidity impact in the table is calculated based upon a downgrade below the lowest current rating of the rating agencies referred to in the derivative contract.
Liquidity impact of downgrade triggers on OTC and
OTC-cleared derivatives
 
 
 
 
 
 
June 30, 2014
 
December 31, 2013
(in millions)
Single-notch downgrade
Two-notch downgrade
 
Single-notch downgrade
Two-notch downgrade
Amount of additional collateral to be posted upon downgrade(a)
$
929

$
3,337

 
$
952

$
3,244

Amount required to settle contracts with termination triggers upon downgrade(b)
578

920

 
540

876

(a)
Includes the additional collateral to be posted for initial margin.
(b)
Amounts represent fair value of derivative payables, and do not reflect collateral posted.


Impact of derivatives on the Consolidated Statements of Income
The following tables provide information related to gains and losses recorded on derivatives based on their hedge accounting designation or purpose.
Fair value hedge gains and losses

The following tables present derivative instruments, by contract type, used in fair value hedge accounting relationships, as well as pretax gains/(losses) recorded on such derivatives and the related hedged items for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively. The Firm includes gains/(losses) on the hedging derivative and the related hedged item in the same line item in the Consolidated Statements of Income.

 
Gains/(losses) recorded in income
 
Income statement impact due to:
Three months ended June 30, 2014 (in millions)
Derivatives
Hedged items
Total income statement impact
 
Hedge ineffectiveness(e)
Excluded components(f)
Contract type
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate(a)
$
578

$
(261
)
$
317

 
$
43

$
274

Foreign exchange(b)
(388
)
307

(81
)
 

(81
)
Commodity(c)
(561
)
652

91

 
13

78

Total
$
(371
)
$
698

$
327

 
$
56

$
271

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gains/(losses) recorded in income
 
Income statement impact due to:
Three months ended June 30, 2013 (in millions)
Derivatives

Hedged items

Total income statement impact
 
Hedge ineffectiveness(e)
Excluded components(f)
Contract type
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate(a)
$
(2,107
)
$
2,434

$
327

 
$
(60
)
$
387

Foreign exchange(b)
280

(368
)
(88
)
 

(88
)
Commodity(c)(d)
457

(1,087
)
(630
)
 
6

(636
)
Total
$
(1,370
)
$
979

$
(391
)
 
$
(54
)
$
(337
)

119


 
Gains/(losses) recorded in income
 
Income statement impact due to:
Six months ended June 30, 2014 (in millions)
Derivatives
Hedged items
Total income statement impact
 
Hedge ineffectiveness(e)
Excluded components(f)
Contract type
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate(a)
$
1,321

$
(668
)
$
653

 
$
72

$
581

Foreign exchange(b)
(786
)
631

(155
)
 

(155
)
Commodity(c)
(381
)
514

133

 
28

105

Total
$
154

$
477

$
631

 
$
100

$
531

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gains/(losses) recorded in income
 
Income statement impact due to:
Six months ended June 30, 2013 (in millions)
Derivatives

Hedged items

Total income statement impact
 
Hedge ineffectiveness(e)
Excluded components(f)
Contract type
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate(a)
$
(2,606
)
$
3,309

$
703

 
$
(100
)
$
803

Foreign exchange(b)
4,033

(4,120
)
(87
)
 

(87
)
Commodity(c)(d)
1,208

(1,812
)
(604
)
 
(12
)
(592
)
Total
$
2,635

$
(2,623
)
$
12

 
$
(112
)
$
124

(a)
Primarily consists of hedges of the benchmark (e.g., London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”)) interest rate risk of fixed-rate long-term debt and AFS securities. Gains and losses were recorded in net interest income. The current presentation excludes accrued interest.
(b)
Primarily consists of hedges of the foreign currency risk of long-term debt and AFS securities for changes in spot foreign currency rates. Gains and losses related to the derivatives and the hedged items, due to changes in foreign currency rates, were recorded in principal transactions revenue and net interest income.
(c)
Consists of overall fair value hedges of physical commodities inventories that are generally carried at the lower of cost or market (market approximates fair value). Gains and losses were recorded in principal transactions revenue.
(d)
The prior period amounts have been revised. This revision had no impact on the Firm’s Consolidated Balance Sheets or its results of operations.
(e)
Hedge ineffectiveness is the amount by which the gain or loss on the designated derivative instrument does not exactly offset the gain or loss on the hedged item attributable to the hedged risk.
(f)
The assessment of hedge effectiveness excludes certain components of the changes in fair values of the derivatives and hedged items such as forward points on foreign exchange forward contracts and time values.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

120


Cash flow hedge gains and losses

The following tables present derivative instruments, by contract type, used in cash flow hedge accounting relationships, and the pretax gains/(losses) recorded on such derivatives, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively. The Firm includes the gain/(loss) on the hedging derivative and the change in cash flows on the hedged item in the same line item in the Consolidated Statements of Income.
 
Gains/(losses) recorded in income and other comprehensive income/(loss)(c)
Three months ended June 30, 2014 (in millions)
Derivatives – effective portion reclassified from AOCI to income
Hedge ineffectiveness recorded directly in income(d)
Total income statement impact
Derivatives – effective portion recorded in OCI
Total change
in OCI
for period
Contract type
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate(a)
$
(10
)
$

$
(10
)
$
71

$
81

Foreign exchange(b)
39


39

72

33

Total
$
29

$

$
29

$
143

$
114

 
Gains/(losses) recorded in income and other comprehensive income/(loss)(c)
Three months ended June 30, 2013 (in millions)
Derivatives – effective portion reclassified from AOCI to income
Hedge ineffectiveness recorded directly in income(d)
Total income statement impact
Derivatives – effective portion recorded in OCI
Total change
in OCI
for period
Contract type
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate(a)
$
(14
)
$

$
(14
)
$
(500
)
$
(486
)
Foreign exchange(b)
(20
)

(20
)
(12
)
8

Total
$
(34
)
$

$
(34
)
$
(512
)
$
(478
)
 
Gains/(losses) recorded in income and other comprehensive income/(loss)(c)
Six months ended June 30, 2014 (in millions)
Derivatives – effective portion reclassified from AOCI to income
Hedge ineffectiveness recorded directly in income(d)
Total income statement impact
Derivatives – effective portion recorded in OCI
Total change
in OCI
for period
Contract type
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate(a)
$
(36
)
$

$
(36
)
$
134

$
170

Foreign exchange(b)
38


38

81

43

Total
$
2

$

$
2

$
215

$
213

 
Gains/(losses) recorded in income and other comprehensive income/(loss)(c)
Six months ended June 30, 2013 (in millions)
Derivatives – effective portion reclassified from AOCI to income
Hedge ineffectiveness recorded directly in income(d)
Total income statement impact
Derivatives – effective portion recorded in OCI
Total change
in OCI
for period
Contract type
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate(a)
$
(41
)
$

$
(41
)
$
(526
)
$
(485
)
Foreign exchange(b)
(22
)

(22
)
(116
)
(94
)
Total
$
(63
)
$

$
(63
)
$
(642
)
$
(579
)
(a)
Primarily consists of benchmark interest rate hedges of LIBOR-indexed floating-rate assets and floating-rate liabilities. Gains and losses were recorded in net interest income.
(b)
Primarily consists of hedges of the foreign currency risk of non-U.S. dollar-denominated revenue and expense. The income statement classification of gains and losses follows the hedged item – primarily noninterest revenue and compensation expense.
(c)
The Firm did not experience any forecasted transactions that failed to occur for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013.
(d)
Hedge ineffectiveness is the amount by which the cumulative gain or loss on the designated derivative instrument exceeds the present value of the cumulative expected change in cash flows on the hedged item attributable to the hedged risk.
Over the next 12 months, the Firm expects that $71 million (after-tax) of net gains recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income (“AOCI”) at June 30, 2014, related to cash flow hedges will be recognized in income. The maximum length of time over which forecasted transactions are hedged is 9 years, and such transactions primarily relate to core lending and borrowing activities.

121


Net investment hedge gains and losses
The following table presents hedging instruments, by contract type, that were used in net investment hedge accounting relationships, and the pretax gains/(losses) recorded on such instruments for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013.
 
Gains/(losses) recorded in income and
other comprehensive income/(loss)
 
2014
 
2013
Three months ended June 30,
(in millions)
Excluded components recorded directly
in income(a)
Effective portion recorded in OCI
 
Excluded components
recorded directly
in income(a)
Effective portion recorded in OCI
Foreign exchange derivatives
 
$
(122
)
 
$
(208
)
 
 
$
(85
)
 
$
571

 
Gains/(losses) recorded in income and
other comprehensive income/(loss)
 
2014
 
2013
Six months ended June 30,
(in millions)
Excluded components recorded directly
in income(a)
Effective portion recorded in OCI
 
Excluded components
recorded directly
in income(a)
Effective portion recorded in OCI
Foreign exchange derivatives
 
$
(227
)
 
$
(362
)
 
 
$
(162
)
 
$
991

(a)Certain components of hedging derivatives are permitted to be excluded from the assessment of hedge effectiveness, such as forward points on foreign exchange forward contracts. Amounts related to excluded components are recorded in current-period income. The Firm measures the ineffectiveness of net investment hedge accounting relationships based on changes in spot foreign currency rates, and therefore there was no material ineffectiveness for net investment hedge accounting relationships during the three and six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gains and losses on derivatives used for specified risk management purposes
The following table presents pretax gains/(losses) recorded on a limited number of derivatives, not designated in hedge accounting relationships, that are used to manage risks associated with certain specified assets and liabilities, including certain risks arising from the mortgage pipeline, warehouse loans, MSRs, wholesale lending exposures, foreign currency-denominated liabilities, and commodities-related contracts and investments.
 
Derivatives gains/(losses)
recorded in income
 
Three months ended June 30,
Six months
ended June 30,
(in millions)
2014
2013
2014
2013
Contract type
 
 
 
 
Interest rate(a)
$
589

$
269

$
1,107

$
727

Credit(b)
(24
)
(8
)
(41
)
(39
)
Foreign exchange(c)
(3
)

(3
)
1

Commodity(d)
(21
)
40

162

74

Total
$
541

$
301

$
1,225

$
763

(a)
Primarily represents interest rate derivatives used to hedge the interest rate risk inherent in the mortgage pipeline, warehouse loans and MSRs, as well as written commitments to originate warehouse loans. Gains and losses were recorded predominantly in mortgage fees and related income.
(b)
Relates to credit derivatives used to mitigate credit risk associated with lending exposures in the Firm’s wholesale businesses. These derivatives do not include credit derivatives used to mitigate counterparty credit risk arising from derivative receivables, which is included in gains and losses on derivatives related to market-making activities and other derivatives. Gains and losses were recorded in principal transactions revenue.
(c)
Primarily relates to hedges of the foreign exchange risk of specified foreign currency-denominated liabilities. Gains and losses were recorded in principal transactions revenue.
(d)
Primarily relates to commodity derivatives used to mitigate energy price risk associated with energy-related contracts and investments. Gains and losses were recorded in principal transactions revenue.
 
Gains and losses on derivatives related to market-making activities and other derivatives
The Firm makes markets in derivatives in order to meet the needs of customers and uses derivatives to manage certain risks associated with net open risk positions from the Firm’s market-making activities, including the counterparty credit risk arising from derivative receivables. These derivatives, as well as all other derivatives that are not included in the hedge accounting or specified risk management categories above, are included in this category. Gains and losses on these derivatives are primarily recorded in principal transactions revenue. See Note 6 for information on principal transactions revenue.


122


Credit derivatives
For a more detailed discussion of credit derivatives, see Note 6 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.
Total credit derivatives and credit-related notes
 
Maximum payout/Notional amount
 
June 30, 2014 (in millions)
Protection sold
Protection
purchased with
identical underlyings(c)
Net protection (sold)/purchased(d)
 
Other protection purchased(e)
 
Credit derivatives
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Credit default swaps
$
(2,370,387
)
 
$
2,573,221

$
202,834

 
$
19,406

 
Other credit derivatives(a)
(63,840
)
 
48,135

(15,705
)
 
24,692

 
Total credit derivatives
(2,434,227
)
 
2,621,356

187,129

 
44,098

 
Credit-related notes
(114
)
 

(114
)
 
2,892

 
Total
$
(2,434,341
)
 
$
2,621,356

$
187,015

 
$
46,990

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Maximum payout/Notional amount
 
December 31, 2013 (in millions)
Protection sold
Protection
purchased with
identical underlyings(c)
Net protection (sold)/purchased(d)
 
Other protection purchased(e)
 
Credit derivatives
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Credit default swaps
$
(2,601,581
)
 
$
2,610,198

$
8,617

 
$
8,722

 
Other credit derivatives(a)
(44,137
)
(b) 
45,921

1,784

(b) 
20,480

(b) 
Total credit derivatives
(2,645,718
)
 
2,656,119

10,401

 
29,202

 
Credit-related notes
(130
)
 

(130
)
 
2,720

 
Total
$
(2,645,848
)
 
$
2,656,119

$
10,271

 
$
31,922

 
(a)
Other credit derivatives predominantly consists of credit swap options.
(b)
The prior period amounts have been revised. This revision had no impact on the Firm’s Consolidated Balance Sheets or its results of operations.
(c)
Represents the total notional amount of protection purchased where the underlying reference instrument is identical to the reference instrument on protection sold; the notional amount of protection purchased for each individual identical underlying reference instrument may be greater or lower than the notional amount of protection sold.
(d)
Does not take into account the fair value of the reference obligation at the time of settlement, which would generally reduce the amount the seller of protection pays to the buyer of protection in determining settlement value.
(e)
Represents protection purchased by the Firm on referenced instruments (single-name, portfolio or index) where the Firm has not sold any protection on the identical reference instrument.
The following tables summarize the notional amounts by the ratings and maturity profile, and the total fair value, of credit derivatives as of June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, where JPMorgan Chase is the seller of protection. The maturity profile is based on the remaining contractual maturity of the credit derivative contracts. The ratings profile is based on the rating of the reference entity on which the credit derivative contract is based. The ratings and maturity profile of credit derivatives and credit-related notes where JPMorgan Chase is the purchaser of protection are comparable to the profile reflected below.
Protection sold – credit derivatives and credit-related notes ratings(a)/maturity profile
 
 
 
 
June 30, 2014 (in millions)
<1 year
 
1–5 years
 
>5 years
 
Total
notional amount
 
Fair value of receivables(c)
 
Fair value of payables(c)
 
Net fair value
 
Risk rating of reference entity
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Investment-grade
$
(416,698
)
 
$
(1,280,933
)
 
$
(94,729
)
 
$
(1,792,360
)
 
$
33,363

 
$
(2,403
)
 
$
30,960

 
Noninvestment-grade
(150,449
)
 
(463,834
)
 
(27,698
)
 
(641,981
)
 
26,967

 
(14,775
)
 
12,192

 
Total
$
(567,147
)
 
$
(1,744,767
)
 
$
(122,427
)
 
$
(2,434,341
)
 
$
60,330

 
$
(17,178
)
 
$
43,152

 
December 31, 2013 (in millions)
<1 year
 
1–5 years
 
>5 years
 
Total
notional amount
 
Fair value of receivables(c)
 
Fair value of payables(c)
 
Net fair value
 
Risk rating of reference entity
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Investment-grade
$
(368,712
)
(b) 
$
(1,469,773
)
(b) 
$
(93,209
)
(b) 
$
(1,931,694
)
(b) 
$
31,730

(b) 
$
(5,664
)
(b) 
$
26,066

(b) 
Noninvestment-grade
(140,540
)
 
(544,671
)
 
(28,943
)
 
(714,154
)
 
27,426

 
(16,674
)
 
10,752

 
Total
$
(509,252
)
 
$
(2,014,444
)
 
$
(122,152
)
 
$
(2,645,848
)
 
$
59,156

 
$
(22,338
)
 
$
36,818

 
(a)
The ratings scale is based on the Firm’s internal ratings, which generally correspond to ratings as defined by S&P and Moody’s.
(b)
The prior period amounts have been revised. This revision had no impact on the Firm’s Consolidated Balance Sheets or its results of operations.
(c)
Amounts are shown on a gross basis, before the benefit of legally enforceable master netting agreements and cash collateral received by the Firm.

123


Note 6 – Noninterest revenue
For a discussion of the components of and accounting policies for the Firm’s noninterest revenue, see Note 7 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.
The following table presents the components of investment banking fees.
 
Three months ended June 30,
 
Six months ended
June 30,
(in millions)
2014
 
2013
 
2014
 
2013
Underwriting
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Equity
$
477

 
$
457

 
$
830

 
$
730

Debt
876

 
956

 
1,559

 
1,873

Total underwriting
1,353

 
1,413

 
2,389

 
2,603

Advisory
398

 
304

 
782

 
559

Total investment banking fees
$
1,751

 
$
1,717

 
$
3,171

 
$
3,162

The following table presents all realized and unrealized gains and losses recorded in principal transactions revenue. This table excludes interest income and interest expense on trading assets and liabilities, which are an integral part of the overall performance of the Firm’s client-driven market-making activities. See Note 7 for further information on interest income and interest expense. Trading revenue is presented primarily by instrument type. The Firm’s client-driven market-making businesses generally utilize a variety of instrument types in connection with their market-making and related risk management activities; accordingly, the trading revenue presented in the table below is not representative of the total revenue of any individual line of business.
 
Three months ended June 30,
 
Six months ended
June 30,
(in millions)
2014
 
2013
 
2014
 
2013
Trading revenue
by instrument type(a)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate
$
626

 
$
434

 
$
981

 
$
884

Credit
603

 
701

 
1,129

 
2,002

Foreign exchange
342

 
701

 
868

 
1,202

Equity
759

 
897

 
1,564

 
1,986

Commodity(b)
347

 
547

 
1,035

 
1,239

Total trading revenue
2,677

 
3,280

 
5,577

 
7,313

Private equity
 gains/(losses)(c)
231

 
480

 
653

 
208

Principal transactions
$
2,908

 
$
3,760

 
$
6,230

 
$
7,521

(a)
Prior to the second quarter of 2014, trading revenue was presented by major underlying type of risk exposure, generally determined based upon the business primarily responsible for managing that risk exposure. Prior period amounts have been revised to conform with the current period presentation. This revision had no impact on the Firm’s Consolidated Balance Sheets or results of operations.
(b)
Includes realized gains and losses and unrealized losses on physical commodities inventories that are generally carried at the lower of cost or market (market approximates fair value), subject to any applicable fair value hedge accounting adjustments, and gains and losses on commodity derivatives and other financial instruments that are carried at fair value through income. Commodity derivatives are frequently used to manage the Firm’s risk exposure to its physical commodities inventories. For gains/(losses) related to commodity fair value hedges see Note 5.
 
(c)
Includes revenue on private equity investments held in the Private Equity business within Corporate/Private Equity, as well as those held in other business segments.
The following table presents the components of firmwide asset management, administration and commissions.
 
Three months ended June 30,
 
Six months ended
June 30,
(in millions)
2014
 
2013
 
2014
 
2013
Asset management fees
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Investment management fees(a)
$
2,260

 
$
1,948

 
$
4,356

 
$
3,773

All other asset management fees(b)
131

 
139

 
254

 
263

Total asset management fees
2,391

 
2,087

 
4,610

 
4,036

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total administration fees(c)
564

 
548

 
1,091

 
1,075

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commission and other fees
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Brokerage commissions
567

 
625

 
1,199

 
1,205

All other commissions and fees
485

 
605

 
943

 
1,148

Total commissions and fees
1,052

 
1,230

 
2,142

 
2,353

Total asset management, administration and commissions
$
4,007

 
$
3,865

 
$
7,843

 
$
7,464

(a)
Represents fees earned from managing assets on behalf of Firm clients, including investors in Firm-sponsored funds and owners of separately managed investment accounts.
(b)
Represents fees for services that are ancillary to investment management services, such as commissions earned on the sales or distribution of mutual funds to clients.
(c)
Predominantly includes fees for custody, securities lending, funds services and securities clearance.
Other income
Included in other income is operating lease income of $422 million and $363 million for the three months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively, and $820 million and $712 million for the six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively.


124


Note 7 – Interest income and Interest expense
For a description of JPMorgan Chase’s accounting policies regarding interest income and interest expense, see Note 8 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.
Details of interest income and interest expense were as follows.
 
Three months
ended June 30,
 
Six months
ended June 30,
 
(in millions)
2014
 
2013
 
2014
 
2013
 
Interest income
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loans
$
8,039

 
$
8,341

 
$
16,078

 
$
16,854

 
Taxable securities
1,940

 
1,581

 
3,840

 
3,288

 
Tax-exempt securities
337

 
197

 
654

 
380

 
Total securities
2,277

 
1,778

 
4,494

 
3,668

 
Trading assets
1,827

 
2,124

(d) 
3,598

 
4,335

(d) 
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under resale agreements
398

 
490

 
834

 
1,004

 
Securities borrowed(a) 
(131
)
 
(30
)
 
(219
)
 
(36
)
 
Deposits with banks
279

 
222

 
535

 
385

 
Other assets(b)
172

 
147

 
334

 
227

 
Total interest income
12,861

 
13,072

(d) 
25,654

 
26,437

(d) 
Interest expense
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest-bearing deposits
417

 
539

 
843

 
1,084

 
Short-term and other liabilities(c)
455

 
442

(d) 
883

 
900

(d) 
Long-term debt
1,086

 
1,261

 
2,253

 
2,556

 
Beneficial interests issued by consolidated VIEs
105

 
126

 
210

 
260

 
Total interest expense
2,063

 
2,368

(d) 
4,189

 
4,800

(d) 
Net interest income
10,798

 
10,704

 
21,465

 
21,637

 
Provision for credit losses
692

 
47

 
1,542

 
664

 
Net interest income after provision for credit losses
$
10,106

 
$
10,657

 
$
19,923

 
$
20,973

 
(a)
Negative interest income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, is a result of increased client-driven demand for certain securities combined with the impact of low interest rates; the offset of this matched book activity is reflected as lower net interest expense reported within short-term and other liabilities.
(b)
Largely margin loans.
(c)
Includes brokerage customer payables.
(d)
Effective January 1,2014, prior period amounts (and the corresponding amounts on the Consolidated statements of income) have been reclassified to conform with the current period presentation.

125


Note 8 – Pension and other postretirement employee benefit plans
For a discussion of JPMorgan Chase’s pension and other postretirement employee benefit (“OPEB”) plans, see Note 9 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.
The following table presents the components of net periodic benefit costs reported in the Consolidated Statements of Income for the Firm’s U.S. and non-U.S. defined benefit pension, defined contribution and OPEB plans.
 
Pension plans
 
 
 
 
U.S.
 
Non-U.S.
 
OPEB plans
Three months June 30, (in millions)
2014

2013

 
2014

2013

 
2014

2013

Components of net periodic benefit cost
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Benefits earned during the period
$
70

$
79

 
$
8

$
8

 
$

$

Interest cost on benefit obligations
134

111

 
36

30

 
9

9

Expected return on plan assets
(246
)
(238
)
 
(45
)
(34
)
 
(25
)
(24
)
Amortization:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net (gain)/loss
7

67

 
12

12

 


Prior service cost/(credit)
(12
)
(11
)
 


 


Net periodic defined benefit cost
(47
)
8

 
11

16

 
(16
)
(15
)
Other defined benefit pension plans(a)
4

4

 
1

4

 
NA

NA

Total defined benefit plans
(43
)
12

 
12

20

 
(16
)
(15
)
Total defined contribution plans
110

115

 
87

80

 
NA

NA

Total pension and OPEB cost included in compensation expense
$
67

$
127

 
$
99

$
100

 
$
(16
)
$
(15
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pension plans
 
 
 
 
U.S.
 
Non-U.S.
 
OPEB plans
Six months ended June 30, (in millions)
2014

2013

 
2014

2013

 
2014

2013

Components of net periodic benefit cost
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Benefits earned during the period
$
140

$
157

 
$
17

$
17

 
$

$

Interest cost on benefit obligations
268

223

 
70

60

 
18

18

Expected return on plan assets
(492
)
(477
)
 
(89
)
(68
)
 
(50
)
(46
)
Amortization:
 
 

 
 
 

 
 
 

Net (gain)/loss
13

135

 
24

24

 

1

Prior service cost/(credit)
(22
)
(21
)
 

(1
)
 


Net periodic defined benefit cost
(93
)
17

 
22

32

 
(32
)
(27
)
Other defined benefit pension plans(a)
7

7

 
3

6

 
NA

NA

Total defined benefit plans
(86
)
24

 
25

38

 
(32
)
(27
)
Total defined contribution plans
218

220

 
167

159

 
NA

NA

Total pension and OPEB cost included in compensation expense
$
132

$
244

 
$
192

$
197

 
$
(32
)
$
(27
)
(a)
Includes various defined benefit pension plans which are individually immaterial.
The fair values of plan assets for the U.S. defined benefit pension and OPEB plans and for the material non-U.S. defined benefit pension plans were $16.7 billion and $3.8 billion, as of June 30, 2014, and $16.1 billion and $3.5 billion respectively, as of December 31, 2013. See Note 19 for further information on unrecognized amounts (i.e., net loss and prior service costs/(credit)) reflected in AOCI for the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2014, and 2013.
 
The Firm does not anticipate any contribution to the U.S. defined benefit pension plan in 2014 at this time. For 2014, the cost associated with funding benefits under the Firm’s U.S. non-qualified defined benefit pension plans is expected to total $37 million. The 2014 contributions to the non-U.S. defined benefit pension and OPEB plans are expected to be $49 million and $2 million, respectively.


126


Note 9 – Employee stock-based incentives
For a discussion of the accounting policies and other information relating to employee stock-based incentives, see Note 10 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.
The Firm recognized the following noncash compensation expense related to its various employee stock-based incentive plans in its Consolidated Statements of Income.
 
Three months ended June 30,
 
Six months
ended June 30,
(in millions)
2014
 
2013
 
2014
 
2013
Cost of prior grants of restricted stock units (“RSUs”) and stock appreciation rights (“SARs”) that are amortized over their applicable vesting periods
$
335

 
$
372

 
$
745

 
$
756

Accrual of estimated costs of stock awards to be granted in future periods including those to full-career eligible employees
189

 
214

 
397

 
471

Total noncash compensation expense related to employee stock-based incentive plans
$
524

 
$
586

 
$
1,142

 
$
1,227

In the first quarter of 2014, in connection with its annual incentive grant for the 2013 performance year, the Firm granted 36 million RSUs with a weighted-average grant date fair value of $57.87 per RSU.
Separately, on July 15, 2014, the Compensation Committee and Board of Directors determined that the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer had met all requirements for the vesting of the 2 million SAR awards originally issued in January 2008 and thus, the awards have become exercisable. The SARs, which will expire in January 2018, have an exercise price of $39.83 (the price of JPMorgan Chase common stock on the date of issuance).


 
Note 10 – Noninterest expense
The following table presents the components of noninterest expense.
 
Three months ended June 30,
 
Six months ended June 30,
(in millions)
2014
 
2013
 
2014
 
2013
Compensation expense
$
7,610

 
$
8,019

 
$
15,469

 
$
16,433

Noncompensation expense:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Occupancy expense
973

 
904

 
1,925

 
1,805

Technology, communications and equipment expense
1,433

 
1,361

 
2,844

 
2,693

Professional and outside services
1,932

 
1,901

 
3,718

 
3,635

Marketing
650

 
578

 
1,214

 
1,167

Other expense(a)(b)
2,701

 
2,951

 
4,634

 
5,252

Amortization of intangibles
132

 
152

 
263

 
304

Total noncompensation expense
7,821

 
7,847

 
14,598

 
14,856

Total noninterest expense
$
15,431

 
$
15,866

 
$
30,067

 
$
31,289

(a)
Included firmwide legal expense of $669 million and $678 million for the three months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013 respectively, and $707 million and $1.0 billion for the six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013.
(b)
Included FDIC-related expense of $266 million and $392 million for the three months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively, and $559 million and $771 million for the six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013.



127


Note 11 – Securities
Securities are classified as AFS, HTM or trading. Securities classified as trading are discussed in Note 3. Predominantly all of the Firm’s AFS and HTM investment securities (the “investment securities portfolio”) are held by Treasury and Chief Investment Office (“CIO”) in connection with its asset-liability management objectives. At both June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, the average credit rating of the debt securities comprising the investment securities portfolio was AA+ (based upon external ratings where available and, where not available, based primarily upon internal ratings which correspond to ratings as defined by S&P and Moody’s). For additional information regarding the investment securities portfolio, see Note 12 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.
During the first quarter of 2014, the Firm transferred U.S. government agency mortgage-backed securities and obligations of U.S. states and municipalities with a fair value of $19.3 billion from available-for-sale to held-to-maturity. These securities were transferred at fair value. Accumulated other comprehensive income included net pretax unrealized losses of $9 million on the securities at the date of transfer. The transfers reflect the Firm’s intent to hold the securities to maturity in order to reduce the impact of price volatility on accumulated other comprehensive income and certain capital measures under Basel III.
 
Realized gains and losses
The following table presents realized gains and losses and other-than-temporary impairment losses (“OTTI”) from AFS securities that were recognized in income.
 
Three months
ended June 30,
 
Six months
ended June 30,
(in millions)
2014

2013

 
2014

 
2013

Realized gains
$
76

$
143

 
$
224

 
$
664

Realized losses
(64
)
(13
)
 
(180
)
 
(25
)
Net realized gains(a)
12

130

 
44

 
639

OTTI losses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Securities the Firm intends to sell

(6
)
 
(2
)
(b) 
(6
)
Total OTTI losses recognized in income

(6
)
 
(2
)
 
(6
)
Net securities gains
$
12

$
124

 
$
42

 
$
633

(a)
Total proceeds from securities sold were within approximately 1% and 1% of amortized cost for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014, respectively and 1% and 3% of amortized cost for the three and six months ended June 30, 2013.
(b)
Excludes realized losses of $1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2014 that had been previously reported as an OTTI loss due to the intention to sell the securities.




The amortized costs and estimated fair values of the investment securities portfolio were as follows for the dates indicated.
 
June 30, 2014
 
December 31, 2013
(in millions)
Amortized cost
Gross unrealized gains
Gross unrealized losses
Fair value
 
Amortized cost
Gross unrealized gains
Gross unrealized losses
Fair value
Available-for-sale debt securities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mortgage-backed securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. government agencies(a) 
$
62,353

$
2,328

$
169

 
$
64,512

 
$
76,428

$
2,364

$
977

 
$
77,815

Residential:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Prime and Alt-A
3,487

75

27


3,535

 
2,744

61

27

 
2,778

Subprime
815

20


 
835

 
908

23

1

 
930

Non-U.S.
52,466

1,403


 
53,869

 
57,448

1,314

1

 
58,761

Commercial
17,816

601

4

 
18,413

 
15,891

560

26

 
16,425

Total mortgage-backed securities
136,937

4,427

200

 
141,164

 
153,419

4,322

1,032

 
156,709

U.S. Treasury and government agencies(a)
19,279

82

2

 
19,359

 
21,310

385

306

 
21,389

Obligations of U.S. states and municipalities
26,480

1,694

88

 
28,086

 
29,741

707

987

 
29,461

Certificates of deposit
1,411

1

2

 
1,410

 
1,041

1

1

 
1,041

Non-U.S. government debt securities
56,727

1,170

52

 
57,845

 
55,507

863

122

 
56,248

Corporate debt securities
20,779

590

13

 
21,356

 
21,043

498

29

 
21,512

Asset-backed securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Collateralized loan obligations
28,299

224

73

 
28,450

 
28,130

236

136

 
28,230

Other
12,890

218


 
13,108

 
12,062

186

3

 
12,245

Total available-for-sale debt securities
302,802

8,406

430

 
310,778

 
322,253

7,198

2,616

 
326,835

Available-for-sale equity securities
3,278

13


 
3,291

 
3,125

17


 
3,142

Total available-for-sale securities
$
306,080

$
8,419

$
430

 
$
314,069

 
$
325,378

$
7,215

$
2,616

 
$
329,977

Total held-to-maturity securities(b)
$
47,849

$
1,314

$

 
$
49,163

 
$
24,026

$
22

$
317

 
$
23,731

(a)
Included total U.S. government-sponsored enterprise obligations with fair values of $58.2 billion and $67.0 billion at June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, respectively.
(b)
As of June 30, 2014, consists of MBS issued by U. S. government-sponsored enterprises with an amortized cost of $35.4 billion, MBS issued by U.S. government agencies with an amortized cost of $4.1 billion and obligations of U.S. states and municipalities with an amortized cost of $8.3 billion. As of December 31, 2013, consists of MBS issued by U.S. government-sponsored enterprises with an amortized cost of $23.1 billion and obligations of U.S. states and municipalities with an amortized cost of $920 million.

128


Securities impairment
The following tables present the fair value and gross unrealized losses for investment securities by aging category at June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013.
 
Securities with gross unrealized losses
 
Less than 12 months
 
12 months or more
 
 
June 30, 2014 (in millions)
Fair value
Gross unrealized losses
 
Fair value
Gross unrealized losses
Total fair value
Total gross unrealized losses
Available-for-sale debt securities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mortgage-backed securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. government agencies
$
1,354

$
17

 
$
7,131

$
152

$
8,485

$
169

Residential:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Prime and Alt-A
536

2

 
462

25

998

27

Subprime


 




Non-U.S.


 




Commercial


 
165

4

165

4

Total mortgage-backed securities
1,890

19

 
7,758

181

9,648

200

U.S. Treasury and government agencies


 
1,994

2

1,994

2

Obligations of U.S. states and municipalities
3,574

75

 
556

13

4,130

88

Certificates of deposit
1,276

2

 


1,276

2

Non-U.S. government debt securities
8,925

18

 
1,481

34

10,406

52

Corporate debt securities
2,193

8

 
337

5

2,530

13

Asset-backed securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Collateralized loan obligations
9,052

28

 
5,102

45

14,154

73

Other


 




Total available-for-sale debt securities
26,910

150

 
17,228

280

44,138

430

Available-for-sale equity securities


 




Held-to-maturity securities


 




Total securities with gross unrealized losses
$
26,910

$
150

 
$
17,228

$
280

$
44,138

$
430

 
Securities with gross unrealized losses
 
Less than 12 months
 
12 months or more
 
 
December 31, 2013 (in millions)
Fair value
Gross unrealized losses
 
Fair value
Gross unrealized losses
Total fair value
Total gross unrealized losses
Available-for-sale debt securities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mortgage-backed securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. government agencies
$
20,293

$
895

 
$
1,150

$
82

$
21,443

$
977

Residential:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Prime and Alt-A
1,061

27

 


1,061

27

Subprime
152

1

 


152

1

Non-U.S.


 
158

1

158

1

Commercial
3,980

26

 


3,980

26

Total mortgage-backed securities
25,486

949

 
1,308

83

26,794

1,032

U.S. Treasury and government agencies
6,293

250

 
237

56

6,530

306

Obligations of U.S. states and municipalities
15,387

975

 
55

12

15,442

987

Certificates of deposit
988

1

 


988

1

Non-U.S. government debt securities
11,286

110

 
821

12

12,107

122

Corporate debt securities
1,580

21

 
505

8

2,085

29

Asset-backed securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Collateralized loan obligations
18,369

129

 
393

7

18,762

136

Other
1,114

3

 


1,114

3

Total available-for-sale debt securities
80,503

2,438

 
3,319

178

83,822

2,616

Available-for-sale equity securities


 




Held-to-maturity securities
$
20,745

$
317

 
$

$

$
20,745

$
317

Total securities with gross unrealized losses
$
101,248

$
2,755

 
$
3,319

$
178

$
104,567

$
2,933




129


Changes in the credit loss component of credit-impaired debt securities
The following table presents a rollforward for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, of the credit loss component of OTTI losses that have been recognized in income related to AFS debt securities that the Firm does not intend to sell.
 
Three months ended June 30,
 
Six months
 ended June 30,
(in millions)
2014

2013

 
2014

2013

Balance, beginning of period
$
1

$
519

 
$
1

$
522

Reductions:
 
 
 
 
 
Sales and redemptions of credit-impaired securities


 

(3
)
Balance, end of period
$
1

$
519

 
$
1

$
519

Gross unrealized losses
Gross unrealized losses have generally decreased since December 31, 2013. Though losses on securities that have been in an unrealized loss position for 12 months or more have increased, the increase is not material. The Firm has recognized the unrealized losses on securities it intends to sell. As of June 30, 2014, the Firm does not intend to sell any investment securities with unrealized losses recorded in AOCI, and it is not likely that the Firm will be required to sell these securities before recovery of their amortized cost basis. Except for the securities noted above for which credit losses have been recognized in income, the Firm believes that the securities in an unrealized loss position are not other-than-temporarily impaired as of June 30, 2014.


 
 
 




130


Contractual maturities and yields
The following table presents the amortized cost and estimated fair value at June 30, 2014, of JPMorgan Chase’s investment securities portfolio by contractual maturity.
By remaining maturity
June 30, 2014
(in millions)
Due in one
year or less
Due after one year through five years
Due after five years through 10 years
Due after
10 years(c)
Total
Available-for-sale debt securities
 
 
 
 
 
Mortgage-backed securities(a)
 
 
 
 
 
Amortized cost
$
677

$
18,314

$
9,278

$
108,668

$
136,937

Fair value
683

18,811

9,538

112,132

141,164

Average yield(b)
2.50
%
1.69
%
2.67
%
3.07
%
2.86
%
U.S. Treasury and government agencies(a)
 
 
 
 
 
Amortized cost
$
12,418

$
3,998

$
1,887

$
976

$
19,279

Fair value
12,430

4,007

1,890

1,032

19,359

Average yield(b)
0.27
%
0.51
%
0.30
%
0.72
%
0.34
%
Obligations of U.S. states and municipalities
 
 
 
 
 
Amortized cost
$
60

$
467

$
1,407

$
24,546

$
26,480

Fair value
60

491

1,467

26,068

28,086

Average yield(b)
2.61
%
4.40
%
4.28
%
6.82
%
6.63
%
Certificates of deposit
 
 
 
 
 
Amortized cost
$
1,359

$
52

$

$

$
1,411

Fair value
1,357

53



1,410

Average yield(b)
2.67
%
3.28
%
%
%
2.69
%
Non-U.S. government debt securities
 
 
 
 
 
Amortized cost
$
11,946

$
15,186

$
25,380

$
4,215

$
56,727

Fair value
11,976

15,419

26,066

4,384

57,845

Average yield(b)
3.52
%
2.51
%
1.25
%
1.20
%
2.06
%
Corporate debt securities
 
 
 
 
 
Amortized cost
$
3,692

$
10,843

$
6,244

$

$
20,779

Fair value
3,707

11,139

6,510


21,356

Average yield(b)
2.15
%
2.35
%
2.47
%
%
2.35
%
Asset-backed securities
 
 
 
 
 
Amortized cost
$
15

$
3,382

$
17,523

$
20,269

$
41,189

Fair value
15

3,408

17,653

20,482

41,558

Average yield(b)
2.15
%
2.10
%
1.79
%
1.80
%
1.82
%
Total available-for-sale debt securities
 
 
 
 
 
Amortized cost
$
30,167

$
52,242

$
61,719

$
158,674

$
302,802

Fair value
30,228

53,328

63,124

164,098

310,778

Average yield(b)
1.95
%
2.02
%
1.78
%
3.42
%
2.70
%
Available-for-sale equity securities
 
 
 
 
 
Amortized cost
$

$

$

$
3,278

$
3,278

Fair value



3,291

3,291

Average yield(b)
%
%
%
0.18
%
0.18
%
Total available-for-sale securities
 
 
 
 
 
Amortized cost
$
30,167

$
52,242

$
61,719

$
161,952

$
306,080

Fair value
30,228

53,328

63,124

167,389

314,069

Average yield(b)
1.95
%
2.02
%
1.78
%
3.36
%
2.67
%
Total held-to-maturity securities
 
 
 
 
 
Amortized cost
$

$
56

$
346

$
47,447

$
47,849

Fair value

56

358

48,749

49,163

Average yield(b)
%
4.28
%
4.75
%
3.91
%
3.92
%
(a)
U.S. government-sponsored enterprises were the only issuers whose securities exceeded 10% of JPMorgan Chase’s total stockholders’ equity at June 30, 2014.
(b)
Average yield is computed using the effective yield of each security owned at the end of the period, weighted based on the amortized cost of each security. The effective yield considers the contractual coupon, amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts, and the effect of related hedging derivatives. Taxable-equivalent amounts are used where applicable. The effective yield excludes unscheduled principal prepayments; and accordingly, actual maturities of securities may differ from their contractual or expected maturities as certain securities may be prepaid.
(c)
Includes securities with no stated maturity. Substantially all of the Firm’s residential mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations are due in 10 years or more, based on contractual maturity. The estimated duration, which reflects anticipated future prepayments based on a consensus of dealers in the market, is approximately six years for agency residential mortgage-backed securities, three years for agency residential collateralized mortgage obligations and four years for nonagency residential collateralized mortgage obligations.

131


Note 12 – Securities financing activities
For a discussion of accounting policies relating to securities financing activities, see Note 13 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report. For further information regarding securities borrowed and securities lending agreements for which the
 
fair value option has been elected, see Note 4. For further information regarding assets pledged and collateral received in securities financing agreements, see Note 22.

The following table presents as of June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, the gross and net securities purchased under resale agreements and securities borrowed. Securities purchased under resale agreements have been presented on the Consolidated Balance Sheets net of securities sold under repurchase agreements where the Firm has obtained an appropriate legal opinion with respect to the master netting agreement, and where the other relevant criteria have been met. Where such a legal opinion has not been either sought or obtained, the securities purchased under resale agreements are not eligible for netting and are shown separately in the table below. Securities borrowed are presented on a gross basis on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
 
June 30, 2014
 
 
December 31, 2013
 
(in millions)
Gross asset balance
Amounts netted on the Consolidated Balance Sheets
Net asset balance
 
 
Gross asset balance
Amounts netted on the Consolidated Balance Sheets
Net asset balance
 
Securities purchased under resale agreements
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Securities purchased under resale agreements with an appropriate legal opinion
$
365,647

$
(124,143
)
$
241,504

 
 
$
354,814

$
(115,408
)
$
239,406

 
Securities purchased under resale agreements where an appropriate legal opinion has not been either sought or obtained
6,318

 
6,318

 
 
8,279

 
8,279

 
Total securities purchased under resale agreements
$
371,965

$
(124,143
)
$
247,822

(a) 
 
$
363,093

$
(115,408
)
$
247,685

(a) 
Securities borrowed
$
113,967

NA

$
113,967

(b)(c) 
 
$
111,465

NA

$
111,465

(b)(c) 
(a)
At June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, included securities purchased under resale agreements of $27.8 billion and $25.1 billion, respectively, accounted for at fair value.
(b)
At June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, included securities borrowed of $2.1 billion and $3.7 billion, respectively, accounted for at fair value.
(c)
Included $27.2 billion and $26.9 billion at June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, respectively, of securities borrowed where an appropriate legal opinion has not been either sought or obtained with respect to the master netting agreement.
The following table presents information as of June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, regarding the securities purchased under resale agreements and securities borrowed for which an appropriate legal opinion has been obtained with respect to the master netting agreement. The below table excludes information related to resale agreements and securities borrowed where such a legal opinion has not been either sought or obtained.
 
June 30, 2014
 
December 31, 2013
 
 
 
Amounts not nettable on the Consolidated Balance Sheets(a)
 
 
 
 
Amounts not nettable on the Consolidated Balance Sheets(a)
 
(in millions)
Net asset balance
 
Financial instruments(b)
Cash collateral
Net exposure
 
Net asset balance
 
Financial instruments(b)
Cash collateral
Net exposure
Securities purchased under resale agreements with an appropriate legal opinion
$
241,504

 
$
(238,035
)
$
(192
)
$
3,277

 
$
239,406

 
$
(234,495
)
$
(98
)
$
4,813

Securities borrowed
$
86,802

 
$
(84,106
)
$

$
2,696

 
$
84,531

 
$
(81,127
)
$

$
3,404

(a)
For some counterparties, the sum of the financial instruments and cash collateral not nettable on the Consolidated Balance Sheets may exceed the net asset balance. Where this is the case the total amounts reported in these two columns are limited to the balance of the net reverse repurchase agreement or securities borrowed asset with that counterparty. As a result a net exposure amount is reported even though the Firm, on an aggregate basis for its securities purchased under resale agreements and securities borrowed, has received securities collateral with a total fair value that is greater than the funds provided to counterparties.
(b)
Includes financial instrument collateral received, repurchase liabilities and securities loaned liabilities with an appropriate legal opinion with respect to the master netting agreement; these amounts are not presented net on the Consolidated Balance Sheets because other U.S. GAAP netting criteria are not met.

132


The following table presents as of June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, the gross and net securities sold under repurchase agreements and securities loaned. Securities sold under repurchase agreements have been presented on the Consolidated Balance Sheets net of securities purchased under resale agreements where the Firm has obtained an appropriate legal opinion with respect to the master netting agreement, and where the other relevant criteria have been met. Where such a legal opinion has not been either sought or obtained, the securities sold under repurchase agreements are not eligible for netting and are shown separately in the table below. Securities loaned are presented on a gross basis on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
 
June 30, 2014
 
 
December 31, 2013
 
(in millions)
Gross liability balance
Amounts netted
on the Consolidated Balance Sheets
Net liability balance
 
 
Gross liability balance
 
Amounts netted
on the Consolidated Balance Sheets
Net liability balance
 
Securities sold under repurchase agreements
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Securities sold under repurchase agreements with an appropriate legal opinion
$
300,208

$
(124,143
)
$
176,065

 
 
$
257,630

(f) 
$
(115,408
)
$
142,222

(f) 
Securities sold under repurchase agreements where an appropriate legal opinion has not been either sought or obtained(a)
18,910

 
18,910

 
 
18,143

(f) 
 
18,143

(f) 
Total securities sold under repurchase agreements
$
319,118

$
(124,143
)
$
194,975

(c) 
 
$
275,773

 
$
(115,408
)
$
160,365

(c) 
Securities loaned(b)
$
26,206

NA

$
26,206

(d)(e) 
 
$
25,769

 
NA

$
25,769

(d)(e) 
(a)
Includes repurchase agreements that are not subject to a master netting agreement but do provide rights to collateral.
(b)
Included securities-for-securities borrow vs. pledge transactions of $5.7 billion and $5.8 billion at June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, respectively, when acting as lender and as presented within other liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
(c)
At June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, included securities sold under repurchase agreements of $2.6 billion and $4.9 billion, respectively, accounted for at fair value.
(d)
At December 31, 2013, included securities loaned of $483 million accounted for at fair value; there were no securities loaned accounted for at fair value as of June 30, 2014.
(e)
Included $472 million and $397 million at June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, respectively, of securities loaned where an appropriate legal opinion has not been either sought or obtained with respect to the master netting agreement.
(f)
The prior period amounts have been revised with a corresponding impact in the table below. This revision had no impact on the Firm’s Consolidated Balance Sheets or its results of operations.
The following table presents information as of June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, regarding the securities sold under repurchase agreements and securities loaned for which an appropriate legal opinion has been obtained with respect to the master netting agreement. The below table excludes information related to repurchase agreements and securities loaned where such a legal opinion has not been either sought or obtained.
 
June 30, 2014
 
December 31, 2013
 
 
 
Amounts not nettable
on the Consolidated balance sheets(a)
 
 
 
 
Amounts not nettable
on the Consolidated
balance sheets(a)
 
(in millions)
Net liability balance
 
Financial instruments(b)
Cash collateral
Net amount(c)
 
Net liability balance
 
Financial instruments(b)
 
Cash collateral
Net amount(c)
Securities sold under repurchase agreements with an appropriate legal opinion
$
176,065

 
$
(173,730
)
$
(345
)
$
1,990

 
$
142,222

(d) 
$
(139,051
)
(d) 
$
(450
)
$
2,721

Securities loaned
$
25,734

 
$
(25,390
)
$

$
344

 
$
25,372

 
$
(25,125
)
 
$

$
247

(a)
For some counterparties the sum of the financial instruments and cash collateral not nettable on the Consolidated Balance Sheets may exceed the net liability balance. Where this is the case the total amounts reported in these two columns are limited to the balance of the net repurchase agreement or securities loaned liability with that counterparty.
(b)
Includes financial instrument collateral transferred, reverse repurchase assets and securities borrowed assets with an appropriate legal opinion with respect to the master netting agreement; these amounts are not presented net on the Consolidated Balance Sheets because other U.S. GAAP netting criteria are not met.
(c)
Net amount represents exposure of counterparties to the Firm.
(d)
The prior period amounts have been revised with a corresponding impact in the table above. This revision had no impact on the Firm’s Consolidated Balance Sheets or its results of operations.

Transfers not qualifying for sale accounting
At June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, the Firm held $14.1 billion and $14.6 billion, respectively, of financial assets for which the rights have been transferred to third parties; however, the transfers did not qualify as a sale in accordance with U.S. GAAP. These transfers have been
 
recognized as collateralized financing transactions. The transferred assets are recorded in trading assets, other assets and loans, and the corresponding liabilities are recorded in other borrowed funds, and accounts payable and other liabilities, on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.



133


Note 13 – Loans
Loan accounting framework
The accounting for a loan depends on management’s strategy for the loan, and on whether the loan was credit-impaired at the date of acquisition. The Firm accounts for loans based on the following categories:
Originated or purchased loans held-for-investment (i.e., “retained”), other than purchased credit-impaired (“PCI”) loans
Loans held-for-sale
Loans at fair value
PCI loans held-for-investment
 
For a detailed discussion of loans, including accounting policies, see Note 14 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report. See Note 4 of this Form 10-Q for further information on the Firm’s elections of fair value accounting under the fair value option. See Note 3 of this Form 10-Q for further information on loans carried at fair value and classified as trading assets.


Loan portfolio
The Firm’s loan portfolio is divided into three portfolio segments, which are the same segments used by the Firm to determine the allowance for loan losses: Consumer, excluding credit card; Credit card; and Wholesale. Within each portfolio segment, the Firm monitors and assesses the credit risk in the following classes of loans, based on the risk characteristics of each loan class:
Consumer, excluding
credit card(a)
 
Credit card
 
Wholesale(c)
Residential real estate – excluding PCI
• Home equity – senior lien
• Home equity – junior lien
• Prime mortgage, including
   option ARMs
• Subprime mortgage
Other consumer loans
• Auto(b)
• Business banking(b)
• Student and other
Residential real estate – PCI
• Home equity
• Prime mortgage
• Subprime mortgage
• Option ARMs
 
• Credit card loans
 
• Commercial and industrial
• Real estate
• Financial institutions
• Government agencies
• Other(d)
(a)
Includes loans held in CCB, and prime mortgage loans held in the AM business segment and in Corporate/Private Equity.
(b)
Includes certain business banking and auto dealer risk-rated loans that apply the wholesale methodology for determining the allowance for loan losses; these loans are managed by CCB, and therefore, for consistency in presentation, are included with the other consumer loan classes.
(c)
Includes loans held in CIB, CB and AM business segments and in Corporate/Private Equity. Classes are internally defined and may not align with regulatory definitions.
(d)
Other primarily includes loans to special-purpose entities (“SPEs”) and loans to private banking clients. See Note 1 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report for additional information on SPEs.

134


The following tables summarize the Firm’s loan balances by portfolio segment.
June 30, 2014
Consumer, excluding credit card
Credit card(a)
Wholesale
Total
 
(in millions)
 
Retained
$
288,214

$
125,621

$
321,534

$
735,369

(b) 
Held-for-sale
964

508

5,839

7,311

 
At fair value


4,303

4,303

 
Total
$
289,178

$
126,129

$
331,676

$
746,983

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 31, 2013
Consumer, excluding credit card
Credit card(a)
Wholesale
Total
 
(in millions)
 
Retained
$
288,449

$
127,465

$
308,263

$
724,177

(b) 
Held-for-sale
614

326

11,290

12,230

 
At fair value


2,011

2,011

 
Total
$
289,063

$
127,791

$
321,564

$
738,418

 
(a)
Includes billed finance charges and fees net of an allowance for uncollectible amounts.
(b)
Loans (other than PCI loans and those for which the fair value option has been elected) are presented net of unearned income, unamortized discounts and premiums, and net deferred loan costs of $1.9 billion at both June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013.
The following tables provide information about the carrying value of retained loans purchased, sold and reclassified to held-for-sale during the periods indicated. These tables exclude loans recorded at fair value. The Firm manages its exposure to credit risk on an ongoing basis. Selling loans is one way that the Firm reduces its credit exposures.
 
 
2014
 
2013
Three months ended
June 30,
(in millions)
 
Consumer, excluding credit card
 
Credit card
Wholesale
Total
 
Consumer, excluding credit card
 
Credit card
Wholesale
Total
Purchases
 
$
2,167

(a)(b) 
$

$
156

$
2,323

 
$
1,590

(a)(b) 
$
328

$
191

$
2,109

Sales
 
1,352

 

2,323

3,675

 
1,233

 

1,425

2,658

Retained loans reclassified to held-for-sale
 
802

 
215

212

1,229

 
708

 

677

1,385

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2014
 
2013
Six months ended
June 30,
(in millions)
 
Consumer, excluding credit card
 
Credit card
Wholesale
Total
 
Consumer, excluding credit card
 
Credit card
Wholesale
Total
Purchases
 
$
3,749

(a)(b) 
$

$
277

$
4,026

 
$
4,215

(a)(b) 
$
328

$
286

$
4,829

Sales
 
2,243

 

4,679

6,922

 
2,662

 

2,578

5,240

Retained loans reclassified to held-for-sale
 
802

 
215

509

1,526

 
708

 

1,021

1,729

(a)
Purchases predominantly represent the Firm’s voluntary repurchase of certain delinquent loans from loan pools as permitted by Ginnie Mae guidelines. The Firm typically elects to repurchase these delinquent loans as it continues to service them and/or manage the foreclosure process in accordance with applicable requirements of Ginnie Mae, the Federal Housing Administration (“FHA”), Rural Housing Services (“RHS”) and/or the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (“VA”).
(b)
Excluded retained loans purchased from correspondents that were originated in accordance with the Firm’s underwriting standards. Such purchases were $2.4 billion and $1.3 billion for the three months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively, and $4.1 billion and $2.2 billion for the six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively.
The following table provides information about gains/(losses) on loan sales by portfolio segment.
 
Three months ended
June 30,
 
Six months ended
June 30,
(in millions)
2014
2013
 
2014
2013
Net gains/(losses) on sales of loans (including lower of cost or fair value adjustments)(a)
 
 
 
 
 
Consumer, excluding credit card
$
84

$
112

 
$
126

$
256

Credit card


 


Wholesale
3

(14
)
 
27

(7
)
Total net gains/(losses) on sales of loans (including lower of cost or fair value adjustments)
$
87

$
98

 
$
153

$
249

(a)
Excludes sales related to loans accounted for at fair value.



135


Consumer, excluding credit card loan portfolio
Consumer loans, excluding credit card loans, consist primarily of residential mortgages, home equity loans and lines of credit, auto loans, business banking loans, and student and other loans, with a focus on serving the prime consumer credit market. The portfolio also includes home equity loans secured by junior liens, prime mortgage loans with an interest-only payment period, and certain payment-option loans originated by Washington Mutual that may result in negative amortization.
The table below provides information about retained consumer loans, excluding credit card, by class.
(in millions)
June 30,
2014
December 31,
2013
Residential real estate –
  excluding PCI
 
 
Home equity:
 
 
Senior lien
$
16,222

$
17,113

Junior lien
38,263

40,750

Mortgages:
 
 
Prime, including option ARMs
93,239

87,162

Subprime
6,552

7,104

Other consumer loans
 
 
Auto
53,042

52,757

Business banking
19,453

18,951

Student and other
11,325

11,557

Residential real estate – PCI
 
 
Home equity
18,070

18,927

Prime mortgage
11,302

12,038

Subprime mortgage
3,947

4,175

Option ARMs
16,799

17,915

Total retained loans
$
288,214

$
288,449

For further information on consumer credit quality indicators, see Note 14 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.
 
Residential real estate – excluding PCI loans
The following table provides information by class for residential real estate – excluding retained PCI loans in the consumer, excluding credit card, portfolio segment.
The following factors should be considered in analyzing certain credit statistics applicable to the Firm’s residential real estate – excluding PCI loans portfolio: (i) junior lien home equity loans may be fully charged off when the loan becomes 180 days past due, and the value of the collateral does not support the repayment of the loan, resulting in relatively high charge-off rates for this product class; and (ii) the lengthening of loss-mitigation timelines may result in higher delinquency rates for loans carried at the net realizable value of the collateral that remain on the Firm’s Consolidated Balance Sheets.


136


Residential real estate – excluding PCI loans
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Home equity
 
Mortgages
 
 
 
(in millions, except ratios)
Senior lien
 
Junior lien
 
Prime, including
option ARMs
 
Subprime
 
Total residential real estate – excluding PCI
Jun 30,
2014
Dec 31,
2013
 
Jun 30,
2014
Dec 31,
2013
 
Jun 30,
2014
Dec 31,
2013
 
Jun 30,
2014
Dec 31,
2013
 
Jun 30,
2014
Dec 31,
2013
Loan delinquency(a)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current
$
15,630

$
16,470

 
$
37,503

$
39,864

 
$
82,780

$
76,108

 
$
5,618

$
5,956

 
$
141,531

$
138,398

30–149 days past due
251

298

 
526

662

 
3,466

3,155

 
569

646

 
4,812

4,761

150 or more days past due
341

345

 
234

224

 
6,993

7,899

 
365

502

 
7,933

8,970

Total retained loans
$
16,222

$
17,113

 
$
38,263

$
40,750

 
$
93,239

$
87,162

 
$
6,552

$
7,104

 
$
154,276

$
152,129

% of 30+ days past due to
  total retained loans(b)
3.65
%
3.76
%
 
1.99
%
2.17
%
 
1.75
%
2.32
%
 
14.26
%
16.16
%
 
2.54
%
3.09
%
90 or more days past due and
  still accruing
$

$

 
$

$

 
$

$

 
$

$

 
$

$

90 or more days past due and
  government guaranteed(c)


 


 
7,326

7,823

 


 
7,326

7,823

Nonaccrual loans
909

932

 
1,671

1,876

 
2,455

2,666

 
1,273

1,390

 
6,308

6,864

Current estimated LTV ratios(d)(e)(f)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Greater than 125% and refreshed
  FICO scores:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Equal to or greater than 660
$
22

$
40

 
$
628

$
1,101

 
$
954

$
1,084

 
$
22

$
52

 
$
1,626

$
2,277

Less than 660
12

22

 
192

346

 
181

303

 
102

197

 
487

868

101% to 125% and refreshed
  FICO scores:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Equal to or greater than 660
150

212

 
3,510

4,645

 
932

1,433

 
176

249

 
4,768

6,539

Less than 660
74

107

 
1,012

1,407

 
451

687

 
428

597

 
1,965

2,798

80% to 100% and refreshed FICO scores:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Equal to or greater than 660
654

858

 
7,165

7,995

 
3,800

4,528

 
545

614

 
12,164

13,995

Less than 660
258

326

 
1,924

2,128

 
1,243

1,579

 
976

1,141

 
4,401

5,174

Less than 80% and refreshed FICO scores:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Equal to or greater than 660
12,794

13,186

 
20,357

19,732

 
66,928

58,477

 
2,011

1,961

 
102,090

93,356

Less than 660
2,258

2,362

 
3,475

3,396

 
5,286

5,359

 
2,292

2,293

 
13,311

13,410

U.S. government-guaranteed


 


 
13,464

13,712

 


 
13,464

13,712

Total retained loans
$
16,222

$
17,113

 
$
38,263

$
40,750

 
$
93,239

$
87,162

 
$
6,552

$
7,104

 
$
154,276

$
152,129

Geographic region
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
California
$
2,286

$
2,397

 
$
8,680

$
9,240

 
$
24,057

$
21,876

 
$
994

$
1,069

 
$
36,017

$
34,582

New York
2,636

2,732

 
7,987

8,429

 
14,976

14,085

 
867

942

 
26,466

26,188

Illinois
1,199

1,248

 
2,655

2,815

 
5,699

5,216

 
257

280

 
9,810

9,559

Florida
806

847

 
2,029

2,167

 
4,778

4,598

 
825

885

 
8,438

8,497

Texas
1,875

2,044

 
1,106

1,199

 
4,041

3,565

 
202

220

 
7,224

7,028

New Jersey
609

630

 
2,323

2,442

 
2,878

2,679

 
306

339

 
6,116

6,090

Arizona
957

1,019

 
1,704

1,827

 
1,525

1,385

 
135

144

 
4,321

4,375

Washington
531

555

 
1,300

1,378

 
2,084

1,951

 
138

150

 
4,053

4,034

Michigan
757

799

 
907

976

 
1,061

998

 
165

178

 
2,890

2,951

Ohio
1,219

1,298

 
832

907

 
509

466

 
147

161

 
2,707

2,832

All other(g)
3,347

3,544

 
8,740

9,370

 
31,631

30,343

 
2,516

2,736

 
46,234

45,993

Total retained loans
$
16,222

$
17,113

 
$
38,263

$
40,750

 
$
93,239

$
87,162

 
$
6,552

$
7,104

 
$
154,276

$
152,129

(a)
Individual delinquency classifications include mortgage loans insured by U.S. government agencies as follows: current included $4.6 billion and $4.7 billion; 30149 days past due included $2.9 billion and $2.4 billion; and 150 or more days past due included $6.0 billion and $6.6 billion at June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, respectively.
(b)
At June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, Prime, including option ARMs loans excluded mortgage loans insured by U.S. government agencies of $8.8 billion and $9.0 billion, respectively. These amounts have been excluded from nonaccrual loans based upon the government guarantee.
(c)
These balances, which are 90 days or more past due but insured by U.S. government agencies, are excluded from nonaccrual loans. In predominantly all cases, 100% of the principal balance of the loans is insured and interest is guaranteed at a specified reimbursement rate subject to meeting agreed-upon servicing guidelines. These amounts have been excluded from nonaccrual loans based upon the government guarantee. At June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, these balances included $4.3 billion and $4.7 billion, respectively, of loans that are no longer accruing interest because interest has been curtailed by the U.S. government agencies although, in predominantly all cases, 100% of the principal is still insured. For the remaining balance, interest is being accrued at the guaranteed reimbursement rate.
(d)
Represents the aggregate unpaid principal balance of loans divided by the estimated current property value. Current property values are estimated, at a minimum, quarterly, based on home valuation models using nationally recognized home price index valuation estimates incorporating actual data to the extent available and forecasted data where actual data is not available. These property values do not represent actual appraised loan level collateral values; as such, the resulting ratios are necessarily imprecise and should be viewed as estimates.
(e)
Junior lien represents combined LTV, which considers all available lien positions, as well as unused lines, related to the property. All other products are presented without consideration of subordinate liens on the property.
(f)
Refreshed FICO scores represent each borrower’s most recent credit score, which is obtained by the Firm on at least a quarterly basis.
(g)
At June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, included mortgage loans insured by U.S. government agencies of $13.5 billion and $13.7 billion, respectively.



137


The following tables represent the Firm’s delinquency statistics for junior lien home equity loans and lines as of June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013.
 
 
Delinquencies
 
 
 
Total 30+ day delinquency rate
June 30, 2014
 
30–89 days past due
 
90–149 days past due
 
150+ days
past due
 
Total loans
 
(in millions, except ratios)
 
 
 
 
 
HELOCs:(a)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Within the revolving period(b)
 
$
254

 
$
85

 
$
144

 
$
28,300

 
1.71
%
Beyond the revolving period
 
77

 
24

 
74

 
6,443

 
2.72

HELOANs
 
65

 
21

 
16

 
3,520

 
2.90

Total
 
$
396

 
$
130

 
$
234

 
$
38,263

 
1.99
%
 
 
Delinquencies
 
 
 
Total 30+ day delinquency rate
December 31, 2013
 
30–89 days past due
 
90–149 days past due
 
150+ days
past due
 
Total loans
 
(in millions, except ratios)
 
 
 
 
 
HELOCs:(a)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Within the revolving period(b)
 
$
341

 
$
104

 
$
162

 
$
31,848

 
1.91
%
Beyond the revolving period
 
84

 
21

 
46

 
4,980

 
3.03

HELOANs
 
86

 
26

 
16

 
3,922

 
3.26

Total
 
$
511

 
$
151

 
$
224

 
$
40,750

 
2.17
%
(a) These HELOCs are predominantly revolving loans for a 10-year period, after which time the HELOC converts to a loan with a 20-year amortization period, but also include HELOCs originated by Washington Mutual that require interest-only payments beyond the revolving period.
(b) The Firm manages the risk of HELOCs during their revolving period by closing or reducing the undrawn line to the extent permitted by law when borrowers are experiencing financial difficulty or when the collateral does not support the loan amount.
Home equity lines of credit (“HELOCs”) beyond the revolving period and home equity loans (“HELOANs”) have higher delinquency rates than do HELOCs within the revolving period. That is primarily because the fully-amortizing payment that is generally required for those products is higher than the minimum payment options
 
available for HELOCs within the revolving period. The higher delinquency rates associated with amortizing HELOCs and HELOANs are factored into the loss estimates produced by the Firm’s delinquency roll-rate methodology, which estimates defaults based on the current delinquency status of a portfolio.

Impaired loans
The table below sets forth information about the Firm’s residential real estate impaired loans, excluding PCI loans. These loans are considered to be impaired as they have been modified in a troubled debt restructuring (“TDR”). All impaired loans are evaluated for an asset-specific allowance as described in Note 14.
 
Home equity
 
Mortgages
 
Total residential
 real estate
– excluding PCI

(in millions)
Senior lien
 
Junior lien
 
Prime, including
option ARMs
 
Subprime
 
Jun 30,
2014
Dec 31,
2013
 
Jun 30,
2014
Dec 31,
2013
 
Jun 30,
2014
Dec 31,
2013
 
Jun 30,
2014
Dec 31,
2013
 
Jun 30,
2014
Dec 31,
2013
Impaired loans
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
With an allowance
$
556

$
567

 
$
724

$
727

 
$
5,443

$
5,871

 
$
2,724

$
2,989

 
$
9,447

$
10,154

Without an allowance(a)
563

579

 
586

592

 
1,275

1,133

 
754

709

 
3,178

3,013

Total impaired loans(b)(c)
$
1,119

$
1,146

 
$
1,310

$
1,319

 
$
6,718

$
7,004

 
$
3,478

$
3,698

 
$
12,625

$
13,167

Allowance for loan losses related to impaired loans
$
97

$
94

 
$
170

$
162

 
$
139

$
144

 
$
87

$
94

 
$
493

$
494

Unpaid principal balance of impaired loans(d)
1,480

1,515

 
2,635

2,625

 
8,582

8,990

 
5,069

5,461

 
17,766

18,591

Impaired loans on nonaccrual status(e)
629

641

 
641

666

 
1,703

1,737

 
1,078

1,127

 
4,051

4,171

(a)
Represents collateral-dependent residential mortgage loans that are charged off to the fair value of the underlying collateral less cost to sell. The Firm reports, in accordance with regulatory guidance, residential real estate loans that have been discharged under Chapter 7 bankruptcy and not reaffirmed by the borrower (“Chapter 7 loans”) as collateral-dependent nonaccrual TDRs, regardless of their delinquency status.
(b)
At June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, $6.7 billion and $7.6 billion, respectively, of loans modified subsequent to repurchase from Government National Mortgage Association (“Ginnie Mae”) in accordance with the standards of the appropriate government agency (i.e., FHA, VA, RHS) are not included in the table above. When such loans perform subsequent to modification in accordance with Ginnie Mae guidelines, they are generally sold back into Ginnie Mae loan pools. Modified loans that do not re-perform become subject to foreclosure.
(c)
Predominantly all residential real estate impaired loans, excluding PCI loans, are in the U.S.
(d)
Represents the contractual amount of principal owed at June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013. The unpaid principal balance differs from the impaired loan balances due to various factors, including charge-offs, net deferred loan fees or costs; and unamortized discounts or premiums on purchased loans.
(e)
As of June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, nonaccrual loans included $3.1 billion and $3.0 billion, respectively, of TDRs for which the borrowers were less than 90 days past due. For additional information about loans modified in a TDR that are on nonaccrual status refer to the Loan accounting framework in Note 14 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.

138


The following tables present average impaired loans and the related interest income reported by the Firm.
Three months ended June 30,
Average impaired loans
 
Interest income on
impaired loans(a)
 
Interest income on impaired
loans on a cash basis(a)
(in millions)
2014
2013
 
2014
2013
 
2014
2013
Home equity
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Senior lien
$
1,128

$
1,158

 
$
14

$
14

 
$
10

$
10

Junior lien
1,316

1,296

 
20

21

 
13

14

Mortgages
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Prime, including option ARMs
6,823

7,219

 
66

70

 
14

15

Subprime
3,578

3,833

 
47

50

 
13

14

Total residential real estate – excluding PCI
$
12,845

$
13,506

 
$
147

$
155

 
$
50

$
53

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Six months ended June 30,
Average impaired loans
 
Interest income on
impaired loans
(a)
 
Interest income on impaired
loans on a cash basis
(a)
(in millions)
2014
2013
 
2014
2013
 
2014
2013
Home equity
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Senior lien
$
1,135

$
1,149

 
$
28

$
29

 
$
19

$
20

Junior lien
1,318

1,284

 
41

41

 
27

27

Mortgages
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Prime, including option ARMs
6,889

7,203

 
134

139

 
27

29

Subprime
3,623

3,830

 
96

100

 
26

29

Total residential real estate – excluding PCI
$
12,965

$
13,466

 
$
299

$
309

 
$
99

$
105

(a)
Generally, interest income on loans modified in TDRs is recognized on a cash basis until such time as the borrower has made a minimum of six payments under the new terms.
Loan modifications
The Firm is required to provide “borrower relief” under the terms of certain Consent Orders and settlements entered into by the Firm related to its mortgage servicing, originations and residential mortgage-backed securities activities. This “borrower relief” includes reductions of principal and forbearance. For further information on these Consent Orders and settlements, see Business changes and developments in Note 2 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.
 
Modifications of residential real estate loans, excluding PCI loans, are generally accounted for and reported as TDRs. There are no additional commitments to lend to borrowers whose residential real estate loans, excluding PCI loans, have been modified in TDRs.


139


TDR activity rollforward
The following tables reconcile the beginning and ending balances of residential real estate loans, excluding PCI loans, modified in TDRs for the periods presented.
Three months ended
June 30,
(in millions)
Home equity
 
Mortgages
 
Total residential
real estate – excluding PCI
Senior lien
 
Junior lien
 
Prime, including option ARMs
 
Subprime
 
2014
2013
 
2014
2013
 
2014
2013
 
2014
2013
 
2014
2013
Beginning balance of TDRs
$
1,136

$
1,155

 
$
1,319

$
1,286

 
$
6,894

$
7,223

 
$
3,625

$
3,843

 
$
12,974

$
13,507

New TDRs
20

39

 
46

94

 
52

318

 
25

89

 
143

540

Charge-offs post-modification(a)
(5
)
(8
)
 
(11
)
(24
)
 
(4
)
(14
)
 
(11
)
(27
)
 
(31
)
(73
)
Foreclosures and other liquidations (e.g., short sales)
(5
)
(5
)
 
(4
)
(7
)
 
(16
)
(39
)
 
(9
)
(19
)
 
(34
)
(70
)
Principal payments and other
(27
)
(21
)
 
(40
)
(34
)
 
(208
)
(185
)
 
(152
)
(61
)
 
(427
)
(301
)
Ending balance of TDRs
$
1,119

$
1,160

 
$
1,310

$
1,315

 
$
6,718

$
7,303

 
$
3,478

$
3,825

 
$
12,625

$
13,603

Permanent modifications
$
1,083

$
1,117

 
$
1,306

$
1,309

 
$
6,625

$
7,035

 
$
3,404

$
3,676

 
$
12,418

$
13,137

Trial modifications
$
36

$
43

 
$
4

$
6

 
$
93

$
268

 
$
74

$
149

 
$
207

$
466

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Six months ended
June 30,
(in millions)
Home equity
 
Mortgages
 
Total residential
real estate – excluding PCI
Senior lien
 
Junior lien
 
Prime, including option ARMs
 
Subprime
 
2014
2013
 
2014
2013
 
2014
2013
 
2014
2013
 
2014
2013
Beginning balance of TDRs
$
1,146

$
1,092

 
$
1,319

$
1,223

 
$
7,004

$
7,118

 
$
3,698

$
3,812

 
$
13,167

$
13,245

New TDRs
47

140

 
104

229

 
119

628

 
53

217

 
323

1,214

Charge-offs post-modification(a)
(11
)
(18
)
 
(30
)
(57
)
 
(11
)
(33
)
 
(33
)
(65
)
 
(85
)
(173
)
Foreclosures and other liquidations (e.g., short sales)
(11
)
(9
)
 
(6
)
(11
)
 
(44
)
(74
)
 
(21
)
(38
)
 
(82
)
(132
)
Principal payments and other
(52
)
(45
)
 
(77
)
(69
)
 
(350
)
(336
)
 
(219
)
(101
)
 
(698
)
(551
)
Ending balance of TDRs
$
1,119

$
1,160

 
$
1,310

$
1,315

 
$
6,718

$
7,303

 
$
3,478

$
3,825

 
$
12,625

$
13,603

Permanent modifications
$
1,083

$
1,117

 
$
1,306

$
1,309

 
$
6,625

$
7,035

 
$
3,404

$
3,676

 
$
12,418

$
13,137

Trial modifications
$
36

$
43

 
$
4

$
6

 
$
93

$
268

 
$
74

$
149

 
$
207

$
466

(a)
Includes charge-offs on unsuccessful trial modifications.

Nature and extent of modifications
Making Home Affordable (“MHA”), as well as the Firm’s proprietary modification programs, generally provide various concessions to financially troubled borrowers including, but not limited to, interest rate reductions, term
 
or payment extensions and deferral of principal and/or interest payments that would otherwise have been required under the terms of the original agreement.



140


The following tables provide information about how residential real estate loans, excluding PCI loans, were modified under the Firm’s loss mitigation programs during the periods presented. These tables exclude Chapter 7 loans where the sole concession granted is the discharge of debt. At June 30, 2014, there were approximately 35,200 of such Chapter 7 loans, consisting of approximately 8,300 senior lien home equity loans, 21,200 junior lien home equity loans, 2,900 prime mortgage, including option ARMs, and 2,800 subprime mortgages.
Three months ended June 30,
Home equity
 
Mortgages
 
Total residential
real estate -
excluding PCI
Senior lien
 
Junior lien
 
Prime, including option ARMs
 
Subprime
 
2014
2013
 
2014
2013
 
2014
2013
 
2014
2013
 
2014
2013
Number of loans approved for a trial modification
218

562

 
157

172

 
261

856

 
529

1,123

 
1,165

2,713

Number of loans permanently modified
226

405

 
699

1,353

 
386

1,137

 
493

1,458

 
1,804

4,353

Concession granted:(a)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate reduction
64
%
70
%
 
88
%
85
%
 
65
%
73
%
 
68
%
72
%
 
75
%
76
%
Term or payment extension
86

73

 
83

76

 
79

69

 
71

53

 
79

66

Principal and/or interest deferred
12

11

 
22

25

 
30

29

 
15

12

 
20

20

Principal forgiveness
30

37

 
29

33

 
22

39

 
35

46

 
29

39

Other(b)


 


 
18

24

 
9

13

 
6

11

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Six months ended June 30,
Home equity
 
Mortgages
 
Total residential
real estate -
excluding PCI
Senior lien
 
Junior lien
 
Prime, including option ARMs
 
Subprime
 
2014
2013
 
2014
2013
 
2014
2013
 
2014
2013
 
2014
2013
Number of loans approved for a trial modification
419

1,062

 
341

368

 
516

1,832

 
1,028

2,612

 
2,304

5,874

Number of loans permanently modified
521

950

 
1,657

2,669

 
917

2,613

 
1,260

3,147

 
4,355

9,379

Concession granted:(a)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate reduction
65
%
72
%
 
86
%
88
%
 
62
%
74
%
 
63
%
71
%
 
72
%
77
%
Term or payment extension
83

73

 
83

77

 
84

69

 
72

51

 
80

66

Principal and/or interest deferred
14

10

 
22

24

 
32

28

 
18

11

 
22

19

Principal forgiveness
30

38

 
28

36

 
27

40

 
38

52

 
31

43

Other(b)


 


 
17

24

 
12

15

 
7

12

(a)
Represents concessions granted in permanent modifications as a percentage of the number of loans permanently modified. The sum of the percentages exceeds 100% because predominantly all of the modifications include more than one type of concession. A significant portion of trial modifications include interest rate reductions and/or term or payment extensions.
(b)
Represents variable interest rate to fixed interest rate modifications.

141


Financial effects of modifications and redefaults
The following tables provide information about the financial effects of the various concessions granted in modifications of residential real estate loans, excluding PCI, under the Firm’s loss mitigation programs and about redefaults of certain loans modified in TDRs for the periods presented. Because the specific types and amounts of concessions offered to borrowers frequently change between the trial modification and the permanent modification, the following tables present only the financial effects of permanent modifications. These tables also excludes Chapter 7 loans where the sole concession granted is the discharge of debt.
Three months ended June 30,
(in millions, except weighted-average
data and number of loans)
Home equity
 
Mortgages
 
Total residential real estate – excluding PCI
Senior lien
 
Junior lien
 
Prime, including option ARMs
 
Subprime
 
2014
2013
 
2014
2013
 
2014
2013
 
2014
2013
 
2014
2013
Weighted-average interest rate of loans with interest rate reductions – before TDR
6.58
%
6.78
%
 
4.94
%
5.10
%
 
5.17
%
5.09
%
 
7.28
%
7.26
%
 
5.82
%
5.76
%
Weighted-average interest rate of loans with interest rate reductions – after TDR
2.93

3.34

 
2.04

2.28

 
2.54

2.78

 
3.47

3.50

 
2.72

2.94

Weighted-average remaining contractual term (in years) of loans with term or payment extensions – before TDR
17

17

 
19

19

 
25

25

 
24

24

 
23

24

Weighted-average remaining contractual term (in years) of loans with term or payment extensions – after TDR
29

31

 
34

34

 
37

37

 
35

35

 
35

36

Charge-offs recognized upon permanent modification
$

$
2

 
$
8

$
23

 
$
2

$
6

 
$

$
3

 
$
10

$
34

Principal deferred
1

1

 
3

7

 
10

32

 
4

11

 
18

51

Principal forgiven
3

7

 
6

13

 
8

57

 
11

55

 
28

132

Number of loans that redefaulted within one year of permanent modification(a)
67

95

 
195

248

 
163

189

 
269

317

 
694

849

Balance of loans that redefaulted within one year of permanent modification(a)
$
4

$
7

 
$
3

$
6

 
$
44

$
54

 
$
28

$
31

 
$
79

$
98

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Six months ended June 30,
(in millions, except weighted-average
data and number of loans)
Home equity
 
Mortgages
 
Total residential real estate – excluding PCI
Senior lien
 
Junior lien
 
Prime, including option ARMs
 
Subprime
 
2014
2013
 
2014
2013
 
2014
2013
 
2014
2013
 
2014
2013
Weighted-average interest rate of loans with interest rate reductions – before TDR
6.63
%
6.53
%
 
4.83
%
5.14
%
 
5.20
%
5.37
%
 
7.44
%
7.48
%
 
5.88
%
5.99
%
Weighted-average interest rate of loans with interest rate reductions – after TDR
2.98

3.44

 
1.91

2.22

 
2.67

2.83

 
3.43

3.54

 
2.75

2.98

Weighted-average remaining contractual term (in years) of loans with term or payment extensions – before TDR
18

18

 
19

19

 
24

24

 
24

24

 
23

23

Weighted-average remaining contractual term (in years) of loans with term or payment extensions – after TDR
30

31

 
35

34

 
37

37

 
36

34

 
36

35

Charge-offs recognized upon permanent modification
$
1

$
4

 
$
22

$
42

 
$
4

$
11

 
$
1

$
6

 
$
28

$
63

Principal deferred
2

3

 
6

14

 
23

67

 
11

21

 
42

105

Principal forgiven
6

17

 
17

29

 
25

130

 
32

139

 
80

315

Number of loans that redefaulted within one year of permanent modification(a)
133

226

 
388

594

 
285

397

 
436

629

 
1,242

1,846

Balance of loans that redefaulted within one year of permanent modification(a)
$
10

$
17

 
$
6

$
13

 
$
70

$
104

 
$
43

$
63

 
$
129

$
197

(a)
Represents loans permanently modified in TDRs that experienced a payment default in the periods presented, and for which the payment default occurred within one year of the modification. The dollar amounts presented represent the balance of such loans at the end of the reporting period in which such loans defaulted. For residential real estate loans modified in TDRs, payment default is deemed to occur when the loan becomes two contractual payments past due. In the event that a modified loan redefaults, it is probable that the loan will ultimately be liquidated through foreclosure or another similar type of liquidation transaction. Redefaults of loans modified within the last 12 months may not be representative of ultimate redefault levels.

142


Approximately 85% of the trial modifications approved on or after July 1, 2010 (the approximate date on which substantial revisions were made to the Home Affordable Modification Program (“HAMP”) program), that are seasoned more than six months have been successfully converted to permanent modifications.
The primary performance indicator for TDRs is the rate at which permanently modified loans redefault. At June 30, 2014, the cumulative redefault rates of residential real estate loans that have been modified under the Firm’s loss mitigation programs, excluding PCI loans, based upon permanent modifications that were completed after October 1, 2009, and that are seasoned more than six months, are 18% for senior lien home equity, 20% for junior lien home equity, 15% for prime mortgages, including option ARMs, and 27% for subprime mortgages.
 
Default rates of Chapter 7 loans vary significantly based on the delinquency status of the loan and overall economic conditions at the time of discharge. Default rates for Chapter 7 residential real estate loans that were less than 60 days past due at the time of discharge have ranged between approximately 10% and 40% in recent years based on the economic conditions at the time of discharge. At June 30, 2014, Chapter 7 residential real estate loans included approximately 18% of senior lien home equity, 11% of junior lien home equity, 28% of prime mortgages, including option ARMs, and 18% of subprime mortgages that were 30 days or more past due.
At June 30, 2014, the weighted-average estimated remaining lives of residential real estate loans, excluding PCI loans, permanently modified in TDRs were 6 years for senior lien home equity, 7 years for junior lien home equity, 9 years for prime mortgages, including option ARMs, and 8 years for subprime mortgages. The estimated remaining lives of these loans reflect estimated prepayments, both voluntary and involuntary (i.e., foreclosures and other forced liquidations).



143


Other consumer loans
The table below provides information for other consumer retained loan classes, including auto, business banking and student loans.
(in millions, except ratios)
Auto
 
Business banking
 
Student and other
 
Total other consumer
 
Jun 30,
2014
 
Dec 31,
2013
 
Jun 30,
2014
Dec 31,
2013
 
Jun 30,
2014
 
Dec 31,
2013
 
Jun 30,
2014
 
Dec 31,
2013
 
Loan delinquency(a)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current
$
52,549

 
$
52,152

 
$
19,097

$
18,511

 
$
10,411

 
$
10,529

 
$
82,057

 
$
81,192

 
30–119 days past due
489

 
599

 
204

280

 
621

 
660

 
1,314

 
1,539

 
120 or more days past due
4

 
6

 
152

160

 
293

 
368

 
449

 
534

 
Total retained loans
$
53,042

 
$
52,757

 
$
19,453

$
18,951

 
$
11,325

 
$
11,557

 
$
83,820

 
$
83,265

 
% of 30+ days past due to total retained loans
0.93
%
 
1.15
%
 
1.83
%
2.32
%
 
2.51
%
(d) 
2.52
%
(d) 
1.35
%
(d) 
1.60
%
(d) 
90 or more days past due and still accruing (b)
$

 
$

 
$

$

 
$
316

 
$
428

 
$
316

 
$
428

 
Nonaccrual loans
103

 
161

 
326

385

 
170

 
86

 
599

 
632

 
Geographic region
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
California
$
5,957

 
$
5,615

 
$
2,740

$
2,374

 
$
1,124

 
$
1,112

 
$
9,821

 
$
9,101

 
New York
3,689

 
3,898

 
3,128

3,084

 
1,248

 
1,218

 
8,065

 
8,200

 
Illinois
2,966

 
2,917

 
1,296

1,341

 
750

 
740

 
5,012

 
4,998

 
Florida
2,094

 
2,012

 
708

646

 
536

 
539

 
3,338

 
3,197

 
Texas
5,310

 
5,310

 
2,592

2,646

 
870

 
878

 
8,772

 
8,834

 
New Jersey
1,942

 
2,014

 
407

392

 
390

 
397

 
2,739

 
2,803

 
Arizona
1,949

 
1,855

 
981

1,046

 
253

 
252

 
3,183

 
3,153

 
Washington
1,001

 
950

 
238

234

 
235

 
227

 
1,474

 
1,411

 
Michigan
1,771

 
1,902

 
1,363

1,383

 
489

 
513

 
3,623

 
3,798

 
Ohio
2,148

 
2,229

 
1,304

1,316

 
670

 
708

 
4,122

 
4,253

 
All other
24,215

 
24,055

 
4,696

4,489

 
4,760

 
4,973

 
33,671

 
33,517

 
Total retained loans
$
53,042

 
$
52,757

 
$
19,453

$
18,951

 
$
11,325

 
$
11,557

 
$
83,820

 
$
83,265

 
Loans by risk ratings(c)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Noncriticized
$
9,269

 
$
9,968

 
$
14,065

$
13,622

 
NA

 
NA

 
$
23,334

 
$
23,590

 
Criticized performing
34

 
54

 
740

711

 
NA

 
NA

 
774

 
765

 
Criticized nonaccrual

 
38

 
271

316

 
NA

 
NA

 
271

 
354

 
(a)
Individual delinquency classifications included loans insured by U.S. government agencies under the Federal Family Education Loan Program (“FFELP”) as follows: current included $4.7 billion and $4.9 billion; 30-119 days past due included $359 million and $387 million; and 120 or more days past due included $271 million and $350 million at June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, respectively.
(b)
These amounts represent student loans, which are insured by U.S. government agencies under the FFELP. These amounts were accruing based upon the government guarantee.
(c)
For risk-rated business banking and auto loans, the primary credit quality indicator is the risk rating of the loan, including whether the loans are considered to be criticized and/or nonaccrual.
(d)
June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, excluded loans 30 days or more past due and still accruing, which are insured by U.S. government agencies under the FFELP, of $630 million and $737 million, respectively. These amounts were excluded based upon the government guarantee.

144


Other consumer impaired loans and loan modifications
The table below sets forth information about the Firm’s other consumer impaired loans, including risk-rated business banking and auto loans that have been placed on nonaccrual status, and loans that have been modified in TDRs.

(in millions)
Auto
 
Business banking
 
Total other consumer(d)
June 30,
2014
December 31,
2013
 
June 30,
2014
December 31,
2013
 
June 30,
2014
December 31,
2013
Impaired loans
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
With an allowance
$
51

$
96

 
$
414

$
475

 
$
465

$
571

Without an allowance(a)
38

47

 


 
38

47

Total impaired loans(b)
$
89

$
143

 
$
414

$
475

 
$
503

$
618

Allowance for loan losses related to
  impaired loans
$
8

$
13

 
$
79

$
94

 
$
87

$
107

Unpaid principal balance of impaired loans(c)
169

235

 
480

553

 
649

788

Impaired loans on nonaccrual status
63

113

 
277

328

 
340

441

(a)
When discounted cash flows, collateral value or market price equals or exceeds the recorded investment in the loan, the loan does not require an allowance. This typically occurs when the impaired loans have been partially charged off and/or there have been interest payments received and applied to the loan balance.
(b)
Predominantly all other consumer impaired loans are in the U.S.
(c)
Represents the contractual amount of principal owed at June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013. The unpaid principal balance differs from the impaired loan balances due to various factors, including charge-offs; interest payments received and applied to the principal balance; net deferred loan fees or costs; and unamortized discounts or premiums on purchased loans.
(d)
Excludes $63 million of impaired student loans with a related allowance for loan losses of $18 million, all of which were on nonaccrual status, at June 30, 2014. There were no impaired student and other loans at December 31, 2013.

The following table presents average impaired loans for the periods presented.

(in millions)
Average impaired loans(a)(b)
Three months ended June 30,
 
Six months ended June 30,
2014
2013
 
2014
2013
Auto
$
103

 
$
129

 
 
$
119

 
$
137

Business banking
487

 
528

 
 
475

 
536

Total other consumer
$
590

 
$
657

 
 
$
594

 
$
673

(a)
The related interest income on impaired loans, including those on a cash basis, was not material for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013.
(b)
Excludes impaired student loans for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014.

Loan modifications
The following table provides information about the Firm’s other consumer loans modified in TDRs. All of these TDRs are reported as impaired loans in the tables above.
(in millions)
Auto
 
Business banking
 
Total other consumer(c)
June 30,
2014
December 31,
2013
 
June 30,
2014
December 31,
2013
 
June 30,
2014
December 31,
2013
Loans modified in TDRs(a)(b)
$
89

 
$
107

 
$
234

 
$
271

 
$
323

 
$
378

TDRs on nonaccrual status
63

 
77

 
97

 
124

 
160

 
201

(a)
These modifications generally provided interest rate concessions to the borrower or term or payment extensions.
(b)
Additional commitments to lend to borrowers whose loans have been modified in TDRs as of June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, were immaterial.
(c)
Excludes impaired student loans modified in TDRs at June 30, 2014.


145


TDR activity rollforward
The following tables reconcile the beginning and ending balances of other consumer loans modified in TDRs for the periods presented.
Three months ended June 30,
(in millions)
Auto
 
Business banking
 
Total other consumer(a)
2014
2013
 
2014
2013
 
2014
2013
Beginning balance of TDRs
$
97

$
140

 
$
249

$
341

 
$
346

$
481

New TDRs
17

22

 
16

18

 
33

40

Charge-offs post-modification

(2
)
 
(2
)

 
(2
)
(2
)
Foreclosures and other liquidations
(2
)

 
(1
)

 
(3
)

Principal payments and other
(23
)
(36
)
 
(28
)
(35
)
 
(51
)
(71
)
Ending balance of TDRs
$
89

$
124

 
$
234

$
324

 
$
323

$
448

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Six months ended June 30,
(in millions)
Auto
 
Business banking
 
Total other consumer(a)
2014
2013
 
2014
2013
 
2014
2013
Beginning balance of TDRs
$
107

$
150

 
$
271

$
352

 
$
378

$
502

New TDRs
37

42

 
24

40

 
61

82

Charge-offs post-modification

(5
)
 
(2
)
(2
)
 
(2
)
(7
)
Foreclosures and other liquidations
(5
)

 
(1
)

 
(6
)

Principal payments and other
(50
)
(63
)
 
(58
)
(66
)
 
(108
)
(129
)
Ending balance of TDRs
$
89

$
124

 
$
234

$
324

 
$
323

$
448

(a)
Excludes student loans modified in TDRs during the three and six months ended June 30, 2014.
Financial effects of modifications and redefaults
For auto loans, TDRs typically occur in connection with the bankruptcy of the borrower. In these cases, the loan is modified with a revised repayment plan that typically incorporates interest rate reductions and, to a lesser extent, principal forgiveness.
For business banking loans, concessions are dependent on individual borrower circumstances and can be of a short-term nature for borrowers who need temporary relief or longer term for borrowers experiencing more fundamental financial difficulties. Concessions are predominantly term or payment extensions, but also may include interest rate reductions.
The balance of business banking loans modified in TDRs that experienced a payment default, and for which the payment default occurred within one year of the modification, was $7 million and $11 million during the three months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively, and $14 million and $23 million during the six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively. The balance
 
of auto loans modified in TDRs that experienced a payment default, and for which the payment default occurred within one year of the modification, was $11 million and $15 million during the three months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively and $22 million and $28 million during the six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively. A payment default is deemed to occur as follows: (1) for scored auto and business banking loans, when the loan is two payments past due; and (2) for risk-rated business banking loans and auto loans, when the borrower has not made a loan payment by its scheduled due date after giving effect to the contractual grace period, if any.
In May 2014 the Firm began extending the deferment period for up to 24 months for certain student loans, which resulted in extending the maturity of the loans at their original contractual interest rates. These modified loans are considered TDRs and placed on nonaccrual status.


The following table provides information about the financial effects of the various concessions granted in modifications of other consumer loans, excluding student loans, for the periods presented.
 
Three months ended June 30,
 
Six months ended June 30,
Auto
 
Business banking
 
Auto
 
Business banking
2014
2013
 
2014
2013
 
2014
2013
 
2014
2013
Weighted-average interest rate of loans with interest rate reductions – before TDR
12.02
%
13.46
%
 
7.11
%
7.58
%
 
13.10
%
13.19
%
 
7.35
%
7.94
%
Weighted-average interest rate of loans with interest rate reductions – after TDR
4.98

4.82

 
6.04

6.16

 
4.97

4.94

 
6.28

5.84

Weighted-average remaining contractual term (in years) of loans with term or payment extensions – before TDR
NM

NM

 
3.1

1.6

 
NM

NM

 
2.6

1.5

Weighted-average remaining contractual term (in years) of loans with term or payment extensions – after TDR
NM

NM

 
4.6

3.8

 
NM

NM

 
4.3

3.1


146


Purchased credit-impaired loans
For a detailed discussion of PCI loans, including the related accounting policies, see Note 14 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.
Residential real estate – PCI loans
The table below sets forth information about the Firm’s consumer, excluding credit card, PCI loans.

(in millions, except ratios)
Home equity
 
Prime mortgage
 
Subprime mortgage
 
Option ARMs
 
Total PCI
Jun 30,
2014
Dec 31,
2013
 
Jun 30,
2014
Dec 31,
2013
 
Jun 30,
2014
Dec 31,
2013
 
Jun 30,
2014
Dec 31,
2013
 
Jun 30,
2014
Dec 31,
2013
Carrying value(a)
$
18,070

$
18,927

 
$
11,302

$
12,038

 
$
3,947

$
4,175

 
$
16,799

$
17,915

 
$
50,118

$
53,055

Related allowance for loan losses(b)
1,758

1,758

 
1,617

1,726

 
180

180

 
194

494

 
3,749

4,158

Loan delinquency (based on unpaid principal balance)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current
$
17,317

$
18,135

 
$
9,563

$
10,118

 
$
3,828

$
4,012

 
$
14,725

$
15,501

 
$
45,433

$
47,766

30–149 days past due
465

583

 
538

589

 
591

662

 
930

1,006

 
2,524

2,840

150 or more days past due
1,067

1,112

 
986

1,169

 
683

797

 
2,183

2,716

 
4,919

5,794

Total loans
$
18,849

$
19,830

 
$
11,087

$
11,876

 
$
5,102

$
5,471

 
$
17,838

$
19,223

 
$
52,876

$
56,400

% of 30+ days past due to total loans
8.13
%
8.55
%
 
13.75
%
14.80
%
 
24.97
%
26.67
%
 
17.45
%
19.36
%
 
14.08
%
15.31
%
Current estimated LTV ratios (based on unpaid principal balance)(c)(d)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Greater than 125% and refreshed FICO scores:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Equal to or greater than 660
$
772

$
1,168

 
$
118

$
240

 
$
74

$
115

 
$
156

$
301

 
$
1,120

$
1,824

Less than 660
411

662

 
158

290

 
274

459

 
309

575

 
1,152

1,986

101% to 125% and refreshed FICO scores:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Equal to or greater than 660
2,568

3,248

 
715

1,017

 
249

316

 
784

1,164

 
4,316

5,745

Less than 660
1,189

1,541

 
552

884

 
688

919

 
1,052

1,563

 
3,481

4,907

80% to 100% and refreshed FICO scores:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Equal to or greater than 660
4,365

4,473

 
2,400

2,787

 
552

544

 
2,741

3,311

 
10,058

11,115

Less than 660
1,758

1,782

 
1,537

1,699

 
1,131

1,197

 
2,339

2,769

 
6,765

7,447

Lower than 80% and refreshed FICO scores:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Equal to or greater than 660
5,739

5,077

 
3,425

2,897

 
641

521

 
6,410

5,671

 
16,215

14,166

Less than 660
2,047

1,879

 
2,182

2,062

 
1,493

1,400

 
4,047

3,869

 
9,769

9,210

Total unpaid principal balance
$
18,849

$
19,830

 
$
11,087

$
11,876

 
$
5,102

$
5,471

 
$
17,838

$
19,223

 
$
52,876

$
56,400

Geographic region (based on unpaid principal balance)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
California
$
11,341

$
11,937

 
$
6,393

$
6,845

 
$
1,218

$
1,293

 
$
9,814

$
10,419

 
$
28,766

$
30,494

New York
922

962

 
748

807

 
514

563

 
1,048

1,196

 
3,232

3,528

Illinois
429

451

 
324

353

 
258

283

 
445

481

 
1,456

1,568

Florida
1,786

1,865

 
772

826

 
494

526

 
1,631

1,817

 
4,683

5,034

Texas
302

327

 
100

106

 
305

328

 
91

100

 
798

861

New Jersey
362

381

 
316

334

 
187

213

 
614

701

 
1,479

1,629

Arizona
343

361

 
179

187

 
90

95

 
245

264

 
857

907

Washington
1,020

1,072

 
244

266

 
103

112

 
428

463

 
1,795

1,913

Michigan
58

62

 
177

189

 
139

145

 
193

206

 
567

602

Ohio
21

23

 
50

55

 
79

84

 
72

75

 
222

237

All other
2,265

2,389

 
1,784

1,908

 
1,715

1,829

 
3,257

3,501

 
9,021

9,627

Total unpaid principal balance
$
18,849

$
19,830

 
$
11,087

$
11,876

 
$
5,102

$
5,471

 
$
17,838

$
19,223

 
$
52,876

$
56,400

(a)
Carrying value includes the effect of fair value adjustments that were applied to the consumer PCI portfolio at the date of acquisition.
(b)
Management concluded as part of the Firm’s regular assessment of the PCI loan pools that it was probable that higher expected credit losses would result in a decrease in expected cash flows. As a result, an allowance for loan losses for impairment of these pools has been recognized.
(c)
Represents the aggregate unpaid principal balance of loans divided by the estimated current property value. Current property values are estimated, at a minimum, quarterly, based on home valuation models using nationally recognized home price index valuation estimates incorporating actual data to the extent available and forecasted data where actual data is not available. These property values do not represent actual appraised loan level collateral values; as such, the resulting ratios are necessarily imprecise and should be viewed as estimates. Current estimated combined LTV for junior lien home equity loans considers all available lien positions, as well as unused lines, related to the property.
(d)
Refreshed FICO scores represent each borrower’s most recent credit score, which is obtained by the Firm on at least a quarterly basis.

147


Approximately 20% of the PCI home equity portfolio are senior lien loans; the remaining balance are junior lien HELOANs or HELOCs. The following tables set forth
 
delinquency statistics for PCI junior lien home equity loans and lines of credit based on unpaid principal balance as of June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013.

 
 
Delinquencies
 
 
 
Total 30+ day delinquency rate
June 30, 2014
 
30–89 days past due
 
90–149 days past due
 
150+ days past due
 
Total loans
 
(in millions, except ratios)
 
 
 
 
 
HELOCs:(a)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Within the revolving period(b)
 
$
174

 
$
60

 
$
467

 
$
10,802

 
6.49
%
Beyond the revolving period(c)
 
60

 
20

 
120

 
3,146

 
6.36

HELOANs
 
20

 
8

 
40

 
812

 
8.37

Total
 
$
254

 
$
88

 
$
627

 
$
14,760

 
6.57
%
 
 
Delinquencies
 
 
 
Total 30+ day delinquency rate
December 31, 2013
 
30–89 days past due
 
90–149 days past due
 
150+ days past due
 
Total loans
 
(in millions, except ratios)
 
 
 
 
 
HELOCs:(a)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Within the revolving period(b)
 
$
243

 
$
88

 
$
526

 
$
12,670

 
6.76
%
Beyond the revolving period(c)
 
54

 
21

 
82

 
2,336

 
6.72

HELOANs
 
24

 
11

 
39

 
908

 
8.15

Total
 
$
321

 
$
120

 
$
647

 
$
15,914

 
6.84
%
(a)
In general, these HELOCs are revolving loans for a 10-year period, after which time the HELOC converts to an interest-only loan with a balloon payment at the end of the loan’s term.
(b)
Substantially all undrawn HELOCs within the revolving period have been closed.
(c)
Includes loans modified into fixed rate amortizing loans.
The table below sets forth the accretable yield activity for the Firm’s PCI consumer loans for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, and represents the Firm’s estimate of gross interest income expected to be earned over the remaining life of the PCI loan portfolios. The table excludes the cost to fund the PCI portfolios, and therefore the accretable yield does not represent net interest income expected to be earned on these portfolios.
(in millions, except ratios)
Total PCI
Three months ended June 30,
 
Six months ended June 30,
2014
2013
 
2014
2013
Beginning balance
$
15,782

$
19,464

 
$
16,167

$
18,457

Accretion into interest income
(495
)
(565
)
 
(1,009
)
(1,138
)
Changes in interest rates on variable-rate loans
(45
)
49

 
(66
)
(110
)
Other changes in expected cash flows(a)
33

(342
)
 
183

1,397

Balance at June 30
$
15,275

$
18,606

 
$
15,275

$
18,606

Accretable yield percentage
4.24
%
4.38
%
 
4.28
%
4.36
%
(a)
Other changes in expected cash flows may vary from period to period as the Firm continues to refine its cash flow model and periodically updates model assumptions. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2014, and for the three months ended June 30, 2013, other changes in expected cash flows were driven by changes in prepayment assumptions. For the six months ended June 30, 2013, other changes in expected cash flows were due to refining the expected interest cash flows on HELOCs with balloon payments, partially offset by changes in prepayment assumptions.
The factors that most significantly affect estimates of gross cash flows expected to be collected, and accordingly the accretable yield balance, include: (i) changes in the benchmark interest rate indices for variable-rate products such as option ARM and home equity loans; and (ii) changes in prepayment assumptions.


148


Credit card loan portfolio
The table below sets forth information about the Firm’s credit card loans.
(in millions, except ratios)
June 30,
2014
December 31,
2013
Loan delinquency
 
 
Current and less than 30 days
  past due and still accruing
$
123,849

$
125,335

30–89 days past due and still accruing
910

1,108

90 or more days past due and still accruing
862

1,022

Nonaccrual loans


Total retained credit card loans
$
125,621

$
127,465

Loan delinquency ratios
 
 
% of 30+ days past due to total retained loans
1.41
%
1.67
%
% of 90+ days past due to total retained loans
0.69

0.80

Credit card loans by geographic region
 
 
California
$
17,040

$
17,194

Texas
10,464

10,400

New York
10,425

10,497

Illinois
7,313

7,412

Florida
7,039

7,178

New Jersey
5,516

5,554

Ohio
4,736

4,881

Pennsylvania
4,347

4,462

Michigan
3,502

3,618

Virginia
3,172

3,239

All other
52,067

53,030

Total retained credit card loans
$
125,621

$
127,465

Percentage of portfolio based on carrying value with estimated refreshed FICO scores
 
 
Equal to or greater than 660
86.2
%
85.1
%
Less than 660
13.8

14.9

Credit card impaired loans and loan modifications
For a detailed discussion of impaired credit card loans, including credit card loan modifications, see Note 14 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.
The table below sets forth information about the Firm’s impaired credit card loans. All of these loans are considered to be impaired as they have been modified in TDRs.
(in millions)
June 30,
2014
December 31,
2013
Impaired credit card loans with an allowance(a)(b)
 
 
Credit card loans with modified payment terms(c)
$
2,173

$
2,746

Modified credit card loans that have reverted to pre-modification payment terms(d)
294

369

Total impaired credit card loans(e)
$
2,467

$
3,115

Allowance for loan losses related to impaired credit card loans
$
583

$
971

(a)
The carrying value and the unpaid principal balance are the same for credit card impaired loans.
(b)
There were no impaired loans without an allowance.
(c)
Represents credit card loans outstanding to borrowers enrolled in a credit card modification program as of the date presented.
(d)
Represents credit card loans that were modified in TDRs but that have subsequently reverted back to the loans’ pre-modification payment terms.
 
At June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, $179 million and $226 million, respectively, of loans have reverted back to the pre-modification payment terms of the loans due to noncompliance with the terms of the modified loans. The remaining $115 million and $143 million at June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, respectively, of these loans are to borrowers who have successfully completed a short-term modification program. The Firm continues to report these loans as TDRs since the borrowers’ credit lines remain closed.
(e)
Predominantly all impaired credit card loans are in the U.S.
The following table presents average balances of impaired credit card loans and interest income recognized on those loans.
 
Three months ended June 30,
 
Six months
ended June 30,
(in millions)
2014
2013
 
2014
2013
Average impaired credit card loans
$
2,617

$
4,070

 
$
2,776

$
4,294

Interest income on impaired credit card loans
32

52

 
68

110

Loan modifications
The Firm may modify loans to credit card borrowers who are experiencing financial difficulty. Most of these loans have been modified under programs that involve placing the customer on a fixed payment plan with a reduced interest rate, generally for 60 months. All of these credit card loan modifications are considered to be TDRs. New enrollments in these loan modification programs for the three months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, were $193 million and $288 million, respectively and for the six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, were $426 million and $627 million, respectively. For additional information about credit card loan modifications, see Note 14 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.
Financial effects of modifications and redefaults
The following table provides information about the financial effects of the concessions granted on credit card loans modified in TDRs and redefaults for the periods presented.
(in millions, except weighted-average data)
Three months
ended June 30,
 
Six months
ended June 30,
2014
2013
 
2014
2013
Weighted-average interest rate of loans – before TDR
15.05
%
15.38
%
 
15.04
%
15.44
%
Weighted-average interest rate of loans – after TDR
4.33

4.27

 
4.36

4.88

Loans that redefaulted within one year of modification(a)
$
29

$
41

 
$
63

$
85

(a)
Represents loans modified in TDRs that experienced a payment default in the periods presented, and for which the payment default occurred within one year of the modification. The amounts presented represent the balance of such loans as of the end of the quarter in which they defaulted.
For credit card loans modified in TDRs, payment default is deemed to have occurred when the loans become two payments past due. A substantial portion of these loans is expected to be charged-off in accordance with the Firm’s standard charge-off policy. Based on historical experience, the estimated weighted-average default rate was expected to be 29.17% and 30.72% for credit card loans modified as of June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, respectively.


149


Wholesale loan portfolio
Wholesale loans include loans made to a variety of customers, ranging from large corporate and institutional clients to high-net-worth individuals. The primary credit quality indicator for wholesale loans is the risk rating
 
assigned each loan. For further information on these risk ratings, see Note 14 and Note 15 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.


The table below provides information by class of receivable for the retained loans in the Wholesale portfolio segment.
 
Commercial
 and industrial
 
Real estate
 
Financial
institutions
 
Government agencies
 
Other(d)
 
Total
retained loans
(in millions,
 except ratios)
Jun 30,
2014
Dec 31,
2013
 
Jun 30,
2014
Dec 31,
2013
 
Jun 30,
2014
Dec 31,
2013
 
Jun 30,
2014
Dec 31,
2013
 
Jun 30,
2014
Dec 31,
2013
 
Jun 30,
2014
Dec 31,
2013
Loans by risk ratings
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Investment-grade
$
58,802

$
57,690

 
$
56,282

$
52,195

 
$
30,736

$
26,712

 
$
9,362

$
9,979

 
$
80,509

$
79,494

 
$
235,691

$
226,070

Noninvestment-grade:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Noncriticized
46,668

43,477

 
15,215

14,381

 
8,048

6,674

 
280

440

 
9,776

10,992

 
79,987

75,964

Criticized performing
2,625

2,385

 
1,841

2,229

 
235

272

 
3

42

 
425

480

 
5,129

5,408

Criticized nonaccrual
256

294

 
288

346

 
21

25

 

1

 
162

155

 
727

821

Total noninvestment-
  grade
49,549

46,156

 
17,344

16,956

 
8,304

6,971

 
283

483

 
10,363

11,627

 
85,843

82,193

Total retained loans
$
108,351

$
103,846

 
$
73,626

$
69,151

 
$
39,040

$
33,683

 
$
9,645

$
10,462

 
$
90,872

$
91,121

 
$
321,534

$
308,263

% of total criticized to
total retained loans
2.66
%
2.58
%
 
2.89
%
3.72
%
 
0.66
%
0.88
%
 
0.03
%
0.41
%
 
0.65
%
0.70
%
 
1.82
%
2.02
%
% of nonaccrual loans
to total retained loans
0.24

0.28

 
0.39

0.50

 
0.05

0.07

 

0.01

 
0.18

0.17

 
0.23

0.27

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loans by geographic
  distribution(a)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total non-U.S.
$
35,397

$
34,440

 
$
2,765

$
1,369

 
$
25,531

$
22,726

 
$
1,421

$
2,146

 
$
44,589

$
43,376

 
$
109,703

$
104,057

Total U.S.
72,954

69,406

 
70,861

67,782

 
13,509

10,957

 
8,224

8,316

 
46,283

47,745

 
211,831

204,206

Total retained loans
$
108,351

$
103,846

 
$
73,626

$
69,151

 
$
39,040

$
33,683

 
$
9,645

$
10,462

 
$
90,872

$
91,121

 
$
321,534

$
308,263

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loan delinquency(b)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current and less than
30 days past due and
still accruing
$
107,836

$
103,357

 
$
73,191

$
68,627

 
$
38,967

$
33,426

 
$
9,574

$
10,421

 
$
89,671

$
89,717

 
$
319,239

$
305,548

30–89 days past due
and still accruing
233

181

 
125

164

 
50

226

 
18

40

 
1,032

1,233

 
1,458

1,844

90 or more days
past due and
still accruing(c)
26

14

 
22

14

 
2

6

 
53


 
7

16

 
110

50

Criticized nonaccrual
256

294

 
288

346

 
21

25

 

1

 
162

155

 
727

821

Total retained loans
$
108,351

$
103,846

 
$
73,626

$
69,151

 
$
39,040

$
33,683

 
$
9,645

$
10,462

 
$
90,872

$
91,121

 
$
321,534

$
308,263

(a)
The U.S. and non-U.S. distribution is determined based predominantly on the domicile of the borrower.
(b)
The credit quality of wholesale loans is assessed primarily through ongoing review and monitoring of an obligor’s ability to meet contractual obligations rather than relying on the past due status, which is generally a lagging indicator of credit quality. For a discussion of more significant risk factors, see Note 14 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.
(c)
Represents loans that are considered well-collateralized and therefore still accruing interest.
(d)
Other primarily includes loans to SPEs and loans to private banking clients. See Note 1 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report for additional information on SPEs.
The following table presents additional information on the real estate class of loans within the Wholesale portfolio segment for the periods indicated. For further information on real estate loans, see Note 14 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.

(in millions, except ratios)
Multifamily
 
Commercial lessors
 
Commercial construction and development
 
Other
 
Total real estate loans
Jun 30,
2014
Dec 31,
2013
 
Jun 30,
2014
Dec 31,
2013
 
Jun 30,
2014
Dec 31,
2013
 
Jun 30,
2014
Dec 31,
2013
 
Jun 30,
2014
Dec 31,
2013
Real estate retained loans
$
46,711

$
44,389

 
$
16,833

$
15,949

 
$
3,944

$
3,674

 
$
6,138

$
5,139

 
$
73,626

$
69,151

Criticized exposure
935

1,142

 
1,124

1,323

 
48

81

 
22

29

 
2,129

2,575

% of criticized exposure to
total real estate retained loans
2.00
%
2.57
%
 
6.68
%
8.30
%
 
1.22
%
2.20
%
 
0.36
%
0.56
%
 
2.89
%
3.72
%
Criticized nonaccrual
$
159

$
191

 
$
127

$
143

 
$

$
3

 
$
2

$
9

 
$
288

$
346

% of criticized nonaccrual to
total real estate retained loans
0.34
%
0.43
%
 
0.75
%
0.90
%
 
%
0.08
%
 
0.03
%
0.18
%
 
0.39
%
0.50
%

150


Wholesale impaired loans and loan modifications
Wholesale impaired loans are comprised of loans that have been placed on nonaccrual status and/or that have been modified in a TDR. All impaired loans are evaluated for an asset-specific allowance as described in Note 14.
The table below sets forth information about the Firm’s wholesale impaired loans.

(in millions)
Commercial
and industrial
 
Real estate
 
Financial
institutions
 
Government
 agencies
 
Other
 
Total
retained loans
 
Jun 30,
2014
Dec 31,
2013
 
Jun 30,
2014
Dec 31,
2013
 
Jun 30,
2014
Dec 31,
2013
 
Jun 30,
2014
Dec 31,
2013
 
Jun 30,
2014
Dec 31,
2013
 
Jun 30,
2014
 
Dec 31,
2013
 
Impaired loans
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
With an allowance
$
232

$
236

 
$
200

$
258

 
$
5

$
17

 
$

$
1

 
$
104

$
85

 
$
541

 
$
597

 
Without an allowance(a)
32

58

 
89

109

 
8

8

 


 
62

73

 
191

 
248

 
Total impaired loans
$
264

$
294

 
$
289

$
367

 
$
13

$
25

 
$

$
1

 
$
166

$
158

 
$
732

(c) 
$
845

(c) 
Allowance for loan losses related to impaired loans
$
60

$
75

 
$
43

$
63

 
$
11

$
16

 
$

$

 
$
24

$
27

 
$
138

 
$
181

 
Unpaid principal balance of impaired
   loans(b)
325

448

 
366

454

 
12

24

 

1

 
251

241

 
954

 
1,168

 
(a)
When the discounted cash flows, collateral value or market price equals or exceeds the recorded investment in the loan, the loan does not require an allowance. This typically occurs when the impaired loans have been partially charged-off and/or there have been interest payments received and applied to the loan balance.
(b)
Represents the contractual amount of principal owed at June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013. The unpaid principal balance differs from the impaired loan balances due to various factors, including charge-offs; interest payments received and applied to the carrying value; net deferred loan fees or costs; and unamortized discount or premiums on purchased loans.
(c)
Based upon the domicile of the borrower, predominantly all wholesale impaired loans are in the U.S.
The following table presents the Firm’s average impaired loans for the periods indicated.
 
Three months
ended June 30,
 
Six months
ended June 30,
(in millions)
2014
2013
 
2014
2013
Commercial and industrial
$
249

$
387

 
$
270

$
496

Real estate
306

518

 
330

526

Financial institutions
19

11

 
21

9

Government agencies


 


Other
159

226

 
164

225

Total(a)
$
733

$
1,142

 
$
785

$
1,256

(a)
The related interest income on accruing impaired loans and interest income recognized on a cash basis were not material for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013.

151


Loan modifications
Certain loan modifications are considered to be TDRs as they provide various concessions to borrowers who are experiencing financial difficulty. All TDRs are reported as impaired loans in the tables above. For further information, see Note 14 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.
The following table provides information about the Firm’s wholesale loans that have been modified in TDRs, including a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of such loans and information regarding the nature and extent of modifications during the periods presented.
Three months ended June 30,
(in millions)
 
Commercial and industrial
 
Real estate
 
Other (b)
 
Total
 
2014
 
2013
 
2014
 
2013
 
2014
 
2013
 
2014
 
2013
Beginning balance of TDRs
 
$
84

 
$
254

 
$
78

 
$
124

 
$
31

 
$
43

 
$
193

 
$
421

New TDRs
 
25

 
$
27

 

 
10

 
3

 
15

 
28

 
52

Increases to existing TDRs
 
10

 
1

 

 

 

 

 
10

 
1

Charge-offs post-modification
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Sales and other(a)
 
(9
)
 
(173
)
 
(4
)
 
(23
)
 
(12
)
 
(24
)
 
(25
)
 
(220
)
Ending balance of TDRs
 
$
110

 
$
109

 
$
74

 
$
111

 
$
22

 
$
34

 
$
206

 
$
254

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Six months ended June 30,
(in millions)
 
Commercial and industrial
 
Real estate
 
Other (b)
 
Total
 
2014
 
2013
 
2014
 
2013
 
2014
 
2013
 
2014
 
2013
Beginning balance of TDRs
 
$
77

 
$
575

 
$
88

 
$
99

 
$
33

 
$
22

 
$
198

 
$
696

New TDRs
 
48

 
$
41

 
10

 
41

 
3

 
37

 
61

 
119

Increases to existing TDRs
 
11

 
4

 

 

 

 

 
11

 
4

Charge-offs post-modification
 

 
(1
)
 

 
(3
)
 
(1
)
 

 
(1
)
 
(4
)
Sales and other(a)
 
(26
)
 
(510
)
 
(24
)
 
(26
)
 
(13
)
 
(25
)
 
(63
)
 
(561
)
Ending balance of TDRs
 
$
110

 
$
109

 
$
74

 
$
111

 
$
22

 
$
34

 
$
206

 
$
254

TDRs on nonaccrual status
 
$
110

 
$
102

 
$
67

 
$
82

 
$
19

 
$
27

 
$
196

 
$
211

Additional commitments to lend to borrowers whose loans have been modified in TDRs
 
145

 
22

 

 

 

 
1

 
145

 
23

(a)
Sales and other are largely sales and paydowns.
(b)
Includes loans to Financial institutions, Government agencies and Other.
Financial effects of modifications and redefaults
Wholesale loans modified as TDRs are typically term or payment extensions and, to a lesser extent, deferrals of principal and/or interest on commercial and industrial and real estate loans. For the three months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, the average term extension granted on wholesale loans with term or payment extensions was zero and 0.9 years, respectively. The weighted-average remaining term for all loans modified during these periods was 2.8 years and 1.4 years, respectively. There were no wholesale TDR loans that redefaulted within one year of the modification during the three months ended June 30, 2014. Wholesale TDR loans that redefaulted within one year of the modification during the three months ended June 30, 2013 was $1 million.
 
For the six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, the average term extension granted on wholesale loans with term or payment extensions was 1.0 years and 2.1 years, respectively. The weighted-average remaining term for all loans modified during these periods was 2.7 years and 1.6 years, respectively. There were no wholesale TDR loans that redefaulted within one year of the modification during the six months ended June 30, 2014. Wholesale TDR loans that redefaulted within one year of the modification during the six months ended June 30, 2013 was $1 million. A payment default is deemed to occur when the borrower has not made a loan payment by its scheduled due date after giving effect to any contractual grace period.





152


Note 14 – Allowance for credit losses
For detailed discussion of the allowance for credit losses and the related accounting policies, see Note 15 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.
Allowance for credit losses and loans and lending-related commitments by impairment methodology
The table below summarizes information about the allowance for loan losses, loans by impairment methodology, the allowance for lending-related commitments and lending-related commitments by impairment methodology.
 
2014
 
2013
Six months ended June 30,
(in millions)
Consumer, excluding credit card
 
Credit card
 
Wholesale
Total
 
Consumer, excluding credit card
 
Credit card
 
Wholesale
Total
Allowance for loan losses
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Beginning balance at January 1,
$
8,456

 
$
3,795

 
$
4,013

$
16,264

 
12,292

 
$
5,501

 
$
4,143

$
21,936

Gross charge-offs
1,084

 
1,982

 
77

3,143

 
1,458

 
2,414

 
116

3,988

Gross recoveries
(399
)
 
(209
)
 
(108
)
(716
)
 
(394
)
 
(318
)
 
(148
)
(860
)
Net charge-offs/(recoveries)
685

 
1,773

 
(31
)
2,427

 
1,064

 
2,096

 
(32
)
3,128

Write-offs of PCI loans(a)
109

 

 

109

 

 

 


Provision for loan losses
81

 
1,573

 
(55
)
1,599

 
(531
)
 
1,046

 
64

579

Other

 
(1
)
 

(1
)
 
(6
)
 
(6
)
 
9

(3
)
Ending balance at June 30,
$
7,743

 
$
3,594

 
$
3,989

$
15,326

 
$
10,691

 
$
4,445

 
$
4,248

$
19,384

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Allowance for loan losses by impairment methodology
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Asset-specific(b)
$
598

 
$
583

(c) 
$
138

$
1,319

 
$
713

 
$
1,227

(c) 
$
228

$
2,168

Formula-based
3,396

 
3,011

 
3,851

10,258

 
4,267

 
3,218

 
4,020

11,505

PCI
3,749

 

 

3,749

 
5,711

 

 

5,711

Total allowance for loan losses
$
7,743

 
$
3,594

 
$
3,989

$
15,326

 
$
10,691

 
$
4,445

 
$
4,248

$
19,384

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loans by impairment methodology
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Asset-specific
$
13,191

 
$
2,467

 
$
732

$
16,390

 
$
14,251

 
$
3,857

 
$
1,032

$
19,140

Formula-based
224,905

 
123,154

 
320,797

668,856

 
216,401

 
120,431

 
307,164

643,996

PCI
50,118

 

 
5

50,123

 
56,736

 

 
12

56,748

Total retained loans
$
288,214

 
$
125,621

 
$
321,534

$
735,369

 
$
287,388

 
$
124,288

 
$
308,208

$
719,884

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Impaired collateral-dependent loans
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net charge-offs/(recoveries)
$
81

 
$

 
$
(5
)
$
76

 
$
132

 
$

 
$
10

$
142

Loans measured at fair value of collateral less cost to sell
3,250

 

 
321

3,571

 
3,152

 

 
394

3,546

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Allowance for lending-related commitments
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Beginning balance at January 1,
$
8

 
$

 
$
697

$
705

 
$
7

 
$

 
$
661

$
668

Provision for lending-related commitments
1

 

 
(58
)
(57
)
 
1

 

 
84

85

Other

 

 


 

 

 


Ending balance at June 30,
$
9

 
$

 
$
639

$
648

 
$
8

 
$

 
$
745

$
753

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Allowance for lending-related commitments by impairment methodology
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Asset-specific
$

 
$

 
$
43

$
43

 
$

 
$

 
$
79

$
79

Formula-based
9

 

 
596

605

 
8

 

 
666

674

Total allowance for lending-related commitments
$
9

 
$

 
$
639

$
648

 
$
8

 
$

 
$
745

$
753

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Lending-related commitments by impairment methodology
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Asset-specific
$

 
$

 
$
122

$
122

 
$

 
$

 
$
283

$
283

Formula-based
56,410

 
533,688

 
451,153

1,041,251

 
62,303

 
532,359

 
445,189

1,039,851

Total lending-related commitments
$
56,410

 
$
533,688

 
$
451,275

$
1,041,373

 
$
62,303

 
$
532,359

 
$
445,472

$
1,040,134

(a)
Write-offs of PCI loans are recorded against the allowance for loan losses when actual losses for a pool exceed estimated losses that were recorded as purchase accounting adjustments at the time of acquisition. Any write-offs of PCI loans are recognized when the underlying loan is removed from a pool (e.g., upon liquidation).
(b)
Includes risk-rated loans that have been placed on nonaccrual status and loans that have been modified in a TDR.
(c)
The asset-specific credit card allowance for loan losses is related to loans that have been modified in a TDR; such allowance is calculated based on the loans’ original contractual interest rates and does not consider any incremental penalty rates.

153


Note 15 – Variable interest entities
For a further description of JPMorgan Chase’s accounting policies regarding consolidation of variable interest entities (“VIEs”), see Note 1 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.
The following table summarizes the most significant types of Firm-sponsored VIEs by business segment.
Line-of-Business
Transaction Type
Activity
Form 10-Q page reference
CCB
Credit card securitization trusts
Securitization of both originated and purchased credit card receivables
154
 
Mortgage securitization trusts
Securitization of both originated and purchased residential mortgages
154-156
 
Other securitization trusts
Securitization of originated student loans
154-156
CIB
Mortgage and other securitization trusts
Securitization of both originated and purchased residential and commercial mortgages, automobile and student loans
154-156
 
Multi-seller conduits
Investor intermediation activities:
Assist clients in accessing the financial markets in a cost-efficient manner and structures transactions to meet investor needs
156
 
Municipal bond vehicles
 
156-157
 
Credit-related note and asset swap vehicles
 
157
The Firm also invests in and provides financing and other services to VIEs sponsored by third parties, as described on page 157 of this Note.
Significant Firm-sponsored variable interest entities
Credit card securitizations
For a more detailed discussion of JPMorgan Chase’s involvement with credit card securitizations, see Note 16 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.
As a result of the Firm’s continuing involvement, the Firm is considered to be the primary beneficiary of its Firm-sponsored credit card securitization trusts. This includes the Firm’s primary card securitization trust, Chase Issuance Trust. See the table on page 158 of this Note for further information on consolidated VIE assets and liabilities.
 
Firm-sponsored mortgage and other securitization trusts
The Firm securitizes (or has securitized) originated and purchased residential mortgages, commercial mortgages and other consumer loans (including automobile and student loans) primarily in its CCB and CIB businesses. Depending on the particular transaction, as well as the respective business involved, the Firm may act as the servicer of the loans and/or retain certain beneficial interest in the securitization trusts.
For a detailed discussion of the Firm’s involvement with Firm-sponsored mortgage and other securitization trusts, as well as the accounting treatment relating to such trusts, see Note 16 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.


154


The following table presents the total unpaid principal amount of assets held in Firm-sponsored private-label securitization entities, including those in which the Firm has continuing involvement, and those that are consolidated by the Firm. Continuing involvement includes servicing the loans; holding senior interests or subordinated interests; recourse or guarantee arrangements; and derivative transactions. In certain instances, the Firm’s only continuing involvement is servicing the loans. See Securitization activity on page 159 of this Note for further information regarding the Firm’s cash flows with and interests retained in nonconsolidated VIEs, and Loans and excess mortgage servicing rights sold to the GSEs, loans in securitization transactions pursuant to Ginnie Mae guidelines, and other third-party-sponsored securitization entities on pages 159–160 of this Note for information on the Firm’s loan sales to U.S. government agencies.
 
Principal amount outstanding
 
JPMorgan Chase interest in securitized assets in nonconsolidated VIEs(c)(d)(e)
June 30, 2014(a) (in billions)
Total assets held by securitization VIEs
Assets
held in consolidated securitization VIEs
Assets held in nonconsolidated securitization VIEs with continuing involvement
 
Trading assets
AFS securities
Total interests held by JPMorgan Chase
Securitization-related
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Residential mortgage:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Prime/Alt-A and Option ARMs
$
101.7

$
2.4

$
85.2

 
$
0.4

$
0.3

$
0.7

Subprime
29.8

1.9

26.0

 
0.1


0.1

Commercial and other(b)
126.9

0.2

94.2

 
0.5

3.3

3.8

Total
$
258.4

$
4.5

$
205.4

 
$
1.0

$
3.6

$
4.6

 
Principal amount outstanding
 
JPMorgan Chase interest in securitized assets in nonconsolidated VIEs(c)(d)(e)
December 31, 2013(a) (in billions)
Total assets held by securitization VIEs
Assets held in consolidated securitization VIEs
Assets held in nonconsolidated securitization VIEs with continuing involvement
 
Trading assets
AFS securities
Total interests held by JPMorgan Chase
Securitization-related
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Residential mortgage:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Prime/Alt-A and Option ARMs
$
109.2

$
3.2

$
90.4

 
$
0.5

$
0.3

$
0.8

Subprime
32.1

1.3

28.0

 
0.1


0.1

Commercial and other(b)
130.4


98.0

 
0.5

3.5

4.0

Total
$
271.7

$
4.5

$
216.4

 
$
1.1

$
3.8

$
4.9

(a)
Excludes U.S. government agency securitizations. See Loans and excess mortgage servicing rights sold to the GSEs, loans in securitization transactions pursuant to Ginnie Mae guidelines, and other third-party-sponsored securitization entities on pages 159–160 of this Note for information on the Firm’s loan sales to U.S. government agencies.
(b)
Consists of securities backed by commercial loans (predominantly real estate) and non-mortgage-related consumer receivables purchased from third parties. The Firm generally does not retain a residual interest in its sponsored commercial mortgage securitization transactions.
(c)
The table above excludes the following: retained servicing (see Note 16 for a discussion of MSRs); securities retained from loans sales to U.S. government agencies; interest rate and foreign exchange derivatives primarily used to manage interest rate and foreign exchange risks of securitization entities (See Note 5 for further information on derivatives); senior and subordinated securities of $105 million and $55 million, respectively, at June 30, 2014, and $151 million and $30 million, respectively, at December 31, 2013, which the Firm purchased in connection with CIB’s secondary market-making activities.
(d)
Includes interests held in re-securitization transactions.
(e)
As of June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, 69% of the Firm’s retained securitization interests, which are carried at fair value, were risk-rated “A” or better, on an S&P-equivalent basis. The retained interests in prime residential mortgages consisted of $437 million and $551 million of investment-grade and $238 million and $260 million of noninvestment-grade retained interests at June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, respectively. The retained interests in commercial and other securitizations trusts consisted of $3.6 billion and $3.9 billion of investment-grade and $124 million and $80 million of noninvestment-grade retained interests at June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, respectively.

155


Residential mortgages
For a more detailed description of the Firm’s involvement with residential mortgage securitizations, see Note 16 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.
At June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, the Firm did not consolidate the assets of certain Firm-sponsored residential mortgage securitization VIEs in which the Firm had continuing involvement, primarily due to the fact that the Firm did not hold an interest in these trusts that could potentially be significant to the trusts. See the table on page 158 of this Note for more information on the consolidated residential mortgage securitizations, and the table on the previous page of this Note for further information on interests held in nonconsolidated residential mortgage securitizations.
Commercial mortgages and other consumer securitizations
CIB originates and securitizes commercial mortgage loans, and engages in underwriting and trading activities involving the securities issued by securitization trusts. For a more detailed description of the Firm’s involvement with commercial mortgage and other consumer securitizations, see Note 16 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report. See the table on the previous page of this Note for more information on interests held in nonconsolidated securitizations.
Re-securitizations
For a more detailed description of JPMorgan Chase’s
participation in re-securitization transactions, see Note 16 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.
During the three months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, The Firm transferred $8.0 billion and $2.9 billion, respectively, of securities to agency VIEs, and $264 million and zero, respectively, of securities to private-label VIEs.
During the six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, The Firm transferred $13.3 billion and $7.1 billion, respectively, of securities to agency VIEs, and $433 million and zero, respectively, of securities to private-label VIEs.
As of June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, the Firm did not consolidate any agency re-securitizations. As of June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, the Firm consolidated $83 million and $86 million, respectively, of assets, and $22 million and $23 million, respectively, of liabilities of private-label re-securitizations. See the table on page 158 of this Note for more information on consolidated re-securitization transactions.
 
As of June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, total assets (including the notional amount of interest-only securities) of nonconsolidated Firm-sponsored private-label re-securitization entities in which the Firm has continuing involvement were $3.0 billion and $2.8 billion, respectively. At June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, the Firm held approximately $2.3 billion and $1.3 billion, respectively, of interests in nonconsolidated agency re-securitization entities, and $37 million and $6 million, respectively, of senior and subordinated interests in nonconsolidated private-label re-securitization entities. See the table on page 155 of this Note for further information on interests held in nonconsolidated securitizations.
Multi-seller conduits
For a more detailed description of JPMorgan Chase’s principal involvement with Firm-administered multi-seller conduits, see Note 16 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.
In the normal course of business, JPMorgan Chase makes markets in and invests in commercial paper, including commercial paper issued by the Firm-administered multi-seller conduits. The Firm held $7.4 billion and $4.1 billion of the commercial paper issued by the Firm-administered multi-seller conduits at June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, which was eliminated in consolidation. The Firm’s investments were not driven by market liquidity and the Firm is not obligated under any agreement to purchase the commercial paper issued by the Firm-administered multi-seller conduits.
Deal-specific liquidity facilities, program-wide liquidity, and credit enhancement provided by the Firm to the multi-seller conduits have been eliminated in consolidation. Unfunded lending-related commitments made to clients of the Firm-administered multi-seller conduits were $9.2 billion and $9.1 billion at June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, respectively, and are reported as off-balance sheet lending-related commitments. For more information on off-balance sheet lending-related commitments, see Note 21.
VIEs associated with investor intermediation activities
Municipal bond vehicles
For a more detailed description of JPMorgan Chase’s principal involvement with municipal bond vehicles, see Note 16 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.


156


The Firm’s exposure to nonconsolidated municipal bond VIEs at June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, including the ratings profile of the VIEs’ assets, was as follows.
(in billions)
Fair value of assets held by VIEs
Liquidity facilities
Excess/(deficit)(a)
Maximum exposure
Nonconsolidated municipal bond vehicles
 
 
 
 
June 30, 2014
$
11.5

$
6.4

$
5.1

$
6.4

December 31, 2013
11.8

6.9

4.9

6.9


 
Ratings profile of VIE assets(b)
Fair value of assets held by VIEs
Wt. avg. expected life of assets (years)
 
Investment-grade
 
Noninvestment- grade
(in billions, except where otherwise noted)
AAA to AAA-
AA+ to AA-
A+ to A-
BBB+ to BBB-
 
BB+ and below
June 30, 2014
$
2.7

$
8.6

$
0.2

$

 
$

$
11.5

5.1
December 31, 2013
2.7

8.9

0.2


 

11.8

7.2
(a)
Represents the excess/(deficit) of the fair values of municipal bond assets available to repay the liquidity facilities, if drawn.
(b)
The ratings scale is presented on an S&P-equivalent basis.

Credit-related note and asset swap vehicles
For a more detailed description of JPMorgan Chase’s principal involvement with credit-related note and asset swap vehicles, see Note 16 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.
 
VIEs sponsored by third parties
The Firm enters into transactions with VIEs structured by other parties. These include, for example, acting as a derivative counterparty, liquidity provider, investor, underwriter, placement agent, trustee or custodian. These transactions are conducted at arm’s-length, and individual credit decisions are based on the analysis of the specific VIE, taking into consideration the quality of the underlying assets. Where the Firm does not have the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance, or a variable interest that could potentially be significant, the Firm records and reports these positions on its Consolidated Balance Sheets similarly to the way it would record and report positions in respect of any other third-party transaction.


157


Consolidated VIE assets and liabilities
The following table presents information on assets and liabilities related to VIEs consolidated by the Firm as of June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013.
 
Assets
 
Liabilities
June 30, 2014 (in billions)(a)
Trading assets
Loans
Other(d) 
Total
assets(e)
 
Beneficial interests in
VIE assets(f)
Other(g)
Total
liabilities
VIE program type
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Firm-sponsored credit card trusts
$

$
43.7

$
0.7

$
44.4

 
$
28.4

$

$
28.4

Firm-administered multi-seller conduits

17.0

0.2

17.2

 
9.6


9.6

Municipal bond vehicles
3.0



3.0

 
2.5


2.5

Mortgage securitization entities(b)
2.3

1.6


3.9

 
2.9

0.8

3.7

Other(c)
0.7

2.3

1.1

4.1

 
2.3

0.2

2.5

Total
$
6.0

$
64.6

$
2.0

$
72.6

 
$
45.7

$
1.0

$
46.7

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Assets
 
Liabilities
December 31, 2013 (in billions)(a)
Trading assets
Loans
Other(d) 
Total
assets(e)
 
Beneficial interests in
VIE assets(f)
Other(g)
Total
liabilities
VIE program type
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Firm-sponsored credit card trusts
$

$
46.9

$
1.1

$
48.0

 
$
26.6

$

$
26.6

Firm-administered multi-seller conduits

19.0

0.1

19.1

 
14.9


14.9

Municipal bond vehicles
3.4



3.4

 
2.9


2.9

Mortgage securitization entities(b)
2.3

1.7


4.0

 
2.9

0.9

3.8

Other(c)
0.7

2.5

1.0

4.2

 
2.3

0.2

2.5

Total
$
6.4

$
70.1

$
2.2

$
78.7

 
$
49.6

$
1.1

$
50.7

(a)
Excludes intercompany transactions which were eliminated in consolidation.
(b)
Includes residential and commercial mortgage securitizations as well as re-securitizations.
(c)
Primarily comprises student loan securitization entities. The Firm consolidated $2.5 billion of student loan securitization entities as of June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013.
(d)
Includes assets classified as cash, AFS securities, and other assets within the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
(e)
The assets of the consolidated VIEs included in the program types above are used to settle the liabilities of those entities. The difference between total assets and total liabilities recognized for consolidated VIEs represents the Firm’s interest in the consolidated VIEs for each program type.
(f)
The interest-bearing beneficial interest liabilities issued by consolidated VIEs are classified in the line item on the Consolidated Balance Sheets titled, “Beneficial interests issued by consolidated variable interest entities.” The holders of these beneficial interests do not have recourse to the general credit of JPMorgan Chase. Included in beneficial interests in VIE assets are long-term beneficial interests of $33.6 billion and $31.8 billion at June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, respectively. The maturities of the long-term beneficial interests as of June 30, 2014, were as follows: $6.5 billion under one year, $19.1 billion between one and five years, and $8.0 billion over five years, all respectively.
(g)
Includes liabilities classified as accounts payable and other liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Loan Securitizations
The Firm securitizes a variety of loans, including residential mortgage, credit card, automobile, student and commercial (primarily related to real estate) loans. For a further

 

description of the Firm’s accounting policies regarding securitizations, see Note 16 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.


158


Cash flows from securitizations
The following table provides information related to the Firm’s securitization activities for the three months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, related to assets held in JPMorgan Chase-sponsored securitization entities that were not consolidated by the Firm, and where sale accounting was achieved based on the accounting rules in effect at the time of the securitization.
 
Three months ended June 30,
 
Six months ended June 30,
 
2014
 
2013
 
2014
 
2013
(in millions, except rates)(a)
Residential mortgage(d)
Commercial and other(e)
 
Residential mortgage(d)
Commercial and other(e)
 
Residential mortgage(d)
Commercial and other(e)
 
Residential mortgage(d)
Commercial and other(e)
Principal securitized
$
304

$
2,612

 
$
443

$
3,078

 
$
660

$
4,639

 
$
1,059

$
5,284

All cash flows during the period:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Proceeds from new securitizations(b)
$
312

$
2,664

 
$
446

$
3,149

 
$
663

$
4,708

 
$
1,080

$
5,426

Servicing fees collected
137

1

 
158

2

 
276

2

 
285

3

Purchases of previously transferred financial assets (or the underlying collateral)(c)
64


 
19


 
67


 
271


Cash flows received on interests
41

397

 
30

78

 
85

459

 
55

142

(a)
Excludes re-securitization transactions.
(b)
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2014, $312 million and $642 million of proceeds from residential mortgage securitizations were received as securities classified in level 2 and zero and $21 million of proceeds classified as level 3 of the fair value hierarchy, respectively. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2014, $2.3 billion and $4.3 billion, respectively, of proceeds from commercial mortgage securitizations were received as securities classified in level 2 and $130 million of proceeds classified as level 3 of the fair value hierarchy, and $280 million of proceeds from commercial mortgage securitization were received as cash. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2013, $446 million and $1.1 billion, respectively, of proceeds from residential mortgage securitizations were received as securities classified in level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2013, $3.1 billion and $5.2 billion, respectively, of proceeds from commercial mortgage securitizations were received as securities classified in level 2 of the fair value hierarchy, and zero and $207 million, respectively, of proceeds from commercial mortgage securitizations were received as cash. All loans transferred into securitization vehicles during the three and six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, were classified as trading assets; changes in fair value were recorded in principal transactions revenue, and there were no significant gains or losses associated with the securitization activity.
(c)
Includes cash paid by the Firm to reacquire assets from off–balance sheet, nonconsolidated entities – for example, loan repurchases due to representation and warranties and servicer clean-up calls.
(d)
Includes prime, Alt-A, subprime, and option ARMs. Excludes certain loan securitization transactions entered into with Ginnie Mae, Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac.
(e)
Includes commercial and student loan securitizations.

Loans and excess mortgage servicing rights sold to the GSEs, loans in securitization transactions pursuant to Ginnie Mae guidelines, and other third-party-sponsored securitization entities
In addition to the amounts reported in the securitization activity tables above, the Firm, in the normal course of business, sells originated and purchased mortgage loans and certain originated excess mortgage servicing rights on a nonrecourse basis, predominantly to Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac (the “GSEs”). These loans and excess mortgage servicing rights are sold primarily for the purpose of securitization by the GSEs, who provide certain guarantee provisions (e.g., credit enhancement of the loans). The Firm also sells loans into securitization transactions pursuant to Ginnie Mae guidelines; these loans are typically insured or guaranteed by another U.S. government agency. The Firm does not consolidate the securitization vehicles underlying any of the transactions described above as it is not the primary beneficiary. For a limited number of loan sales, the Firm is obligated to share a portion of the credit risk associated with the sold loans with the purchaser. See Note 29 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report for additional information about the Firm’s loan sales- and securitization-related indemnifications. See Note 16 for additional information about the impact of the Firm’s sale of certain excess mortgage servicing rights.
 
The following table summarizes the activities related to loans sold to the GSEs, loans in securitization transactions pursuant to Ginnie Mae guidelines, and other third-party-sponsored securitization entities.
 
Three months
ended June 30,
 
Six months
ended June 30,
(in millions)
2014
2013
 
2014
2013
Carrying value of loans sold(a)
$
12,603

$
48,045

 
$
26,523

$
102,925

Proceeds received from loan sales as cash
50

295

 
89

461

Proceeds from loans sales as securities(b)
12,461

47,223

 
26,196

101,392

Total proceeds received from loan sales(c)
$
12,511

$
47,518

 
$
26,285

$
101,853

Gains on loan sales(d)
$
82

$
112

 
$
119

$
250

(a)
Predominantly to the GSEs and in securitization transactions pursuant to Ginnie Mae guidelines.
(b)
Predominantly includes securities from the GSEs and Ginnie Mae that are generally sold shortly after receipt.
(c)
Excludes the value of MSRs retained upon the sale of loans. Gains on loans sales include the value of MSRs.
(d)
The carrying value of the loans accounted for at fair value approximated the proceeds received upon loan sale.



159


Options to repurchase delinquent loans
In addition to the Firm’s obligation to repurchase certain loans due to material breaches of representations and warranties as discussed in Note 21, the Firm also has the option to repurchase delinquent loans that it services for Ginnie Mae loan pools, as well as for other U.S. government agencies under certain arrangements. The Firm may elect to repurchase delinquent loans from Ginnie Mae loan pools as it continues to service them and/or manage the foreclosure process in accordance with the applicable requirements, and such loans continue to be insured or guaranteed. When the Firm’s repurchase option becomes exercisable, such loans must be reported on the Consolidated Balance Sheets as a loan with a corresponding liability. As of June 30, 2014, and
 
December 31, 2013, the Firm had recorded on its Consolidated Balance Sheets $14.3 billion, respectively, of loans that either had been repurchased or for which the Firm had an option to repurchase. Predominantly all of these amounts relate to loans that have been repurchased from Ginnie Mae loan pools. Additionally, real estate owned resulting from voluntary repurchases of loans was $2.1 billion and $2.0 billion as of June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, respectively. Substantially all of these loans and real estate owned are insured or guaranteed by U.S. government agencies. For additional information, refer to Note 13 of this Form 10-Q and Note 14 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.
 
 
 
 



Loan delinquencies and liquidation losses
The table below includes information about components of nonconsolidated securitized financial assets, in which the Firm has continuing involvement, and delinquencies as of June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, respectively; and liquidation losses for the three months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively.
 
 
 
 
 
Liquidation losses
 
Securitized assets
 
90 days past due
 
Three months ended June 30,
 
Six months ended June 30,
(in millions)
Jun 30,
2014
Dec 31,
2013
 
Jun 30,
2014
Dec 31,
2013
 
2014
2013
 
2014
2013
Securitized loans(a)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Residential mortgage:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Prime / Alt-A & Option ARMs
$
85,193

$
90,381

 
$
13,158

$
14,882

 
$
598

$
1,310

 
$
1,257

$
2,959

Subprime
25,998

28,008

 
6,762

7,726

 
464

756

 
1,203

1,539

Commercial and other
94,192

98,018

 
1,198

2,350

 
408

184

 
642

330

Total loans securitized(b)
$
205,383

$
216,407

 
$
21,118

$
24,958

 
$
1,470

$
2,250

 
$
3,102

$
4,828

(a)
Total assets held in securitization-related SPEs were $258.4 billion and $271.7 billion, respectively, at June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013. The $205.4 billion and $216.4 billion, respectively, of loans securitized at June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, excluded: $48.5 billion and $50.8 billion, respectively, of securitized loans in which the Firm has no continuing involvement, and $4.5 billion of loan securitizations consolidated on the Firm’s Consolidated Balance Sheets at June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013.
(b)
Includes securitized loans that were previously recorded at fair value and classified as trading assets.


160


Note 16 – Goodwill and other intangible assets
For a discussion of the accounting policies related to goodwill and other intangible assets, see Note 17 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.
Goodwill and other intangible assets consist of the following.
(in millions)
June 30, 2014
December 31, 2013
Goodwill
$
48,110

$
48,081

Mortgage servicing rights
8,347

9,614

Other intangible assets:
 
 
Purchased credit card relationships
$
41

$
131

Other credit card-related intangibles
146

173

Core deposit intangibles
74

159

Other intangibles
1,078

1,155

Total other intangible assets
$
1,339

$
1,618

Goodwill
The following table presents goodwill attributed to the business segments.
(in millions)
June 30, 2014
December 31, 2013
Consumer & Community Banking
$
30,999

$
30,985

Corporate & Investment Bank
6,893

6,888

Commercial Banking
2,862

2,862

Asset Management
6,979

6,969

Corporate/Private Equity
377

377

Total goodwill
$
48,110

$
48,081

The following table presents changes in the carrying amount of goodwill.
 
Three months
ended June 30,
 
Six months
ended June 30,
(in millions)
2014
2013
 
2014
2013
Balance at beginning of period(a)
$
48,065

$
48,067

 
$
48,081

$
48,175

Changes during the period from:
 
 
 
 
 
Business combinations
9

11

 
18

36

Dispositions

(5
)
 

(5
)
Other(b)
36

(16
)
 
11

(149
)
Balance at June 30,(a)
$
48,110

$
48,057

 
$
48,110

$
48,057

(a)
Reflects gross goodwill balances as the Firm has not recognized any impairment losses to date.
(b)
Includes foreign currency translation adjustments and other tax-related adjustments.
 
Goodwill impairment testing
For further description of the Firm’s goodwill impairment testing process, including the primary method used to estimate the fair value of the reporting units, and the assumptions used in the goodwill impairment test, see Impairment testing on pages 299–300 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.
Goodwill was not impaired at June 30, 2014, or December 31, 2013, nor was any goodwill written off due to impairment during the three and six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013.
However, the Firm expects that the goodwill associated with its Private Equity business in Corporate will decline or could become impaired in future periods.
In addition, the Firm’s Mortgage Banking business in CCB remains at an elevated risk of goodwill impairment due to its exposure to U.S. economic conditions, such as increases in primary mortgage interest rates, lower mortgage origination volume, or decreases in home prices, and the effects of regulatory and legislative changes, including higher costs to resolve foreclosure-related matters. Deterioration in the assumptions used in the goodwill impairment test could cause the estimated fair values of these reporting units and their associated goodwill to decline in the future, which may result in a material impairment charge to earnings in a future period related to some portion of the associated goodwill.


161


Mortgage servicing rights
Mortgage servicing rights represent the fair value of expected future cash flows for performing servicing activities for others. The fair value considers estimated future servicing fees and ancillary revenue, offset by estimated costs to service the loans, and generally declines over time as net servicing cash flows are received, effectively amortizing the MSR asset against contractual servicing and ancillary fee income. MSRs are either purchased from third parties or recognized upon sale or securitization of mortgage loans if servicing is retained. For a further description of the MSR asset, interest rate risk management, and the valuation of MSRs, see Note 17 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report and Note 3 of this Form 10-Q.
The following table summarizes MSR activity for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013.
 
As of or for the three months
ended June 30,
 
As of or for the six months
ended June 30,
 
(in millions, except where otherwise noted)
2014
 
2013
 
2014
 
2013
 
Fair value at beginning of period
$
8,552

 
$
7,949

 
$
9,614

 
$
7,614

 
MSR activity:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Originations of MSRs
178

 
652

 
370

 
1,342

 
Purchase of MSRs
3

 
3

 
6

 
(3
)
 
Disposition of MSRs
2

 
(19
)
 
(186
)
(f) 
(418
)
(f) 
Net additions
183

 
636

 
190

 
921

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Changes due to collection/realization of expected cash flows(a)
(239
)
 
(288
)
 
(486
)
 
(547
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Changes in valuation due to inputs and assumptions:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Changes due to market interest rates and other(b)
(369
)
 
1,074

 
(731
)
 
1,620

 
Changes in valuation due to other inputs and assumptions:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Projected cash flows (e.g., cost to service)

 

 
(11
)
 
290

(h) 
Discount rates
(10
)
 

 
(459
)
(g) 
(78
)
 
Prepayment model changes and other(c)
230

 
(36
)
 
230

 
(485
)
(i) 
Total changes in valuation due to other inputs and assumptions
220

 
(36
)
 
(240
)
 
(273
)
 
Total changes in valuation due to inputs and assumptions(a)
(149
)
 
1,038

 
(971
)
 
1,347

 
Fair value at June 30,(d)
$
8,347

 
$
9,335

 
$
8,347

 
$
9,335

 
Change in unrealized gains/(losses) included in income related to MSRs
  held at June 30,
$
(149
)
 
$
1,038

 
$
(971
)
 
$
1,347

 
Contractual service fees, late fees and other ancillary fees included in income
$
731

 
$
835

 
$
1,488

 
$
1,704

 
Third-party mortgage loans serviced at June 30, (in billions)
$
791

 
$
839

 
$
791

 
$
839

 
Net servicer advances at June 30, (in billions)(e)
$
8.8

 
$
10.1

 
$
8.8

 
$
10.1

 
(a)
Included changes related to commercial real estate of $(2) million for the three months ended June 30, 2014, and $(4) million and $(2) million for the six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively.
(b)
Represents both the impact of changes in estimated future prepayments due to changes in market interest rates, and the difference between actual and expected prepayments.
(c)
Represents changes in prepayments other than those attributable to changes in market interest rates.
(d)
Included $14 million and $21 million related to commercial real estate at June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively.
(e)
Represents amounts the Firm pays as the servicer (e.g., scheduled principal and interest to a trust, taxes and insurance), which will generally be reimbursed within a short period of time after the advance from future cash flows from the trust or the underlying loans. The Firm’s credit risk associated with recoverable servicer advances is minimal because reimbursement of the advances is typically senior to all cash payments to investors. In addition, the Firm maintains the right to stop payment to investors if the collateral is insufficient to cover the advance. However, certain of these servicer advances may not be recoverable if they were not made in accordance with applicable rules and agreements. Servicer advances are recognized net of an allowance for unrecoverable advances.
(f)
Predominantly represents excess mortgage servicing rights transferred to agency-sponsored trusts in exchange for stripped mortgage-backed securities (“SMBS”). In each transaction, a portion of the SMBS was acquired by third parties at the transaction date; the Firm acquired and has retained the remaining balance of those SMBS as trading securities. Also includes sales of MSRs for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013.
(g)
For the six months ended June 30, 2014, the decrease was primarily related to higher capital allocated to the Mortgage Servicing business, which, in turn, resulted in an increase in the option adjusted spread (“OAS”). The resulting OAS assumption continues to be consistent with capital and return requirements that the Firm believes a market participant would consider, taking into account factors such as the current operating risk environment and regulatory and economic capital requirements.
(h)
For the six months ended June 30, 2013, the increase was driven by the inclusion in the MSR valuation model of servicing fees receivable on certain delinquent loans.
(i)
For the six months ended June 30, 2013, the decrease was driven by changes in the inputs and assumptions used to derive prepayment speeds, primarily increases in home prices.

162


The following table presents the components of mortgage fees and related income (including the impact of MSR risk management activities) for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013.
 
 
Three months
ended June 30,
 
Six months
ended June 30,
 
(in millions)
 
2014
 
2013
 
2014
 
2013
 
CCB mortgage fees and related income
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net production revenue:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Production revenue
 
$
186

 
$
1,064

 
$
347

 
$
2,059

 
Repurchase (losses)/benefits
 
137

 
16

 
265

 
(65
)
 
Net production revenue
 
323

 
1,080

 
612

 
1,994

 
Net mortgage servicing revenue
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 

 
Operating revenue:
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 

 
Loan servicing revenue
 
867

 
945

 
1,737

 
1,881

 
Changes in MSR asset fair value due to collection/realization of expected
 cash flows
 
(237
)
 
(285
)
 
(482
)
 
(543
)
 
Total operating revenue
 
630

 
660

 
1,255

 
1,338

 
Risk management:
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 

 
Changes in MSR asset fair value due to market interest rates and other(a)
 
(368
)
 
1,072

 
(730
)
 
1,618

 
Other changes in MSR asset fair value due to other inputs and assumptions in
 model(b)
 
220

 
(36
)
 
(240
)
 
(273
)
 
Change in derivative fair value and other
 
485

 
(957
)
 
907

 
(1,408
)
 
Total risk management
 
337

 
79

 
(63
)
 
(63
)
 
Total CCB net mortgage servicing revenue
 
967

 
739

 
1,192

 
1,275

 
All other
 
1

 
4

 
1

 
6

 
Mortgage fees and related income
 
$
1,291

 
$
1,823

 
$
1,805

 
$
3,275

 
(a)
Represents both the impact of changes in estimated future prepayments due to changes in market interest rates, and the difference between actual and expected prepayments.
(b)
Represents the aggregate impact of changes in model inputs and assumptions such as projected cash flows (e.g., cost to service), discount rates and changes in prepayments other than those attributable to changes in market interest rates (e.g., changes in prepayments due to changes in home prices).
The table below outlines the key economic assumptions used to determine the fair value of the Firm’s MSRs at June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, and outlines the sensitivities of those fair values to immediate adverse changes in those assumptions, as defined below.
(in millions, except rates)
Jun 30,
2014
 
Dec 31,
2013
Weighted-average prepayment speed assumption (“CPR”)
8.56
%
 
8.07
%
Impact on fair value of 10% adverse change
$
(363
)
 
$
(362
)
Impact on fair value of 20% adverse change
(704
)
 
(705
)
Weighted-average option adjusted spread
9.14
%
 
7.77
%
Impact on fair value of 100 basis points adverse change
$
(343
)
 
$
(389
)
Impact on fair value of 200 basis points adverse change
(660
)
 
(750
)
CPR: Constant prepayment rate.
 
The sensitivity analysis in the preceding table is hypothetical and should be used with caution. Changes in fair value based on variation in assumptions generally cannot be easily extrapolated, because the relationship of the change in the assumptions to the change in fair value are often highly interrelated and may not be linear. In this table, the effect that a change in a particular assumption may have on the fair value is calculated without changing any other assumption. In reality, changes in one factor may result in changes in another, which would either magnify or counteract the impact of the initial change.
Other intangible assets
The $279 million decrease in other intangible assets during the six months ended June 30, 2014, was due to amortization.


163


The components of credit card relationships, core deposits and other intangible assets were as follows.
 
 
June 30, 2014
 
December 31, 2013
(in millions)
 
Gross amount(a)
Accumulated amortization(a)
Net carrying value
 
Gross
amount
Accumulated amortization
Net carrying value
Purchased credit card relationships
 
$
3,540

$
3,499

$
41

 
$
3,540

$
3,409

$
131

Other credit card-related intangibles
 
542

396

146

 
542

369

173

Core deposit intangibles
 
4,131

4,057

74

 
4,133

3,974

159

Other intangibles(b)
 
2,257

1,179

1,078

 
2,374

1,219

1,155

(a)
The decrease in the gross amount and accumulated amortization from December 31, 2013, was due to the removal of fully amortized assets.
(b)
Includes intangible assets of approximately $600 million consisting primarily of asset management advisory contracts, which were determined to have an indefinite life and are not amortized.
Amortization expense
The following table presents amortization expense related to credit card relationships, core deposits and other intangible assets.
 
 
Three months ended June 30,
 
Six months ended June 30,
(in millions)
 
2014
2013
 
2014
2013
Purchased credit card relationships
 
$
45

$
52

 
$
90

$
105

Other credit card-related intangibles
 
14

15

 
27

29

Core deposit intangibles
 
42

50

 
85

100

Other intangibles
 
31

35

 
61

70

Total amortization expense
 
$
132

$
152

 
$
263

$
304


Future amortization expense
The following table presents estimated future amortization expense related to credit card relationships, core deposits and other intangible assets at June 30, 2014.
For the year (in millions)
Purchased credit card relationships
Other credit
card-related intangibles
Core deposit intangibles
Other
intangibles
Total
2014(a)
$
96

$
51

$
102

$
111

$
360

2015
12

39

26

93

170

2016
9

34

14

75

132

2017
5

29

7

59

100

2018
3

20

5

53

81

(a)
Includes $90 million, $27 million, $85 million and $61 million of amortization expense related to purchased credit card relationships, other credit card-related intangibles, core deposit intangibles and other intangibles, respectively, recognized during the six months ended June 30, 2014.


164


Note 17 – Deposits
For further discussion on deposits, see Note 19 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.
At June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, noninterest-bearing and interest-bearing deposits were as follows.
(in millions)
June 30, 2014
 
December 31, 2013
U.S. offices
 
 
 
Noninterest-bearing
$
417,607

 
$
389,863

Interest-bearing:
 
 
 
Demand(a) 
81,449

 
84,631

Savings(b)
457,111

 
450,405

Time (included $6,856 and $5,995 at fair value)(c) 
85,221

 
91,356

Total interest-bearing deposits
623,781

 
626,392

Total deposits in U.S. offices
1,041,388

 
1,016,255

Non-U.S. offices
 
 
 
Noninterest-bearing
17,757

 
17,611

Interest-bearing:
 
 
 
Demand
219,911

 
214,391

Savings
1,687

 
1,083

Time (included $1,066 and $629 at fair value)(c) 
39,008

 
38,425

Total interest-bearing deposits
260,606

 
253,899

Total deposits in non-U.S. offices
278,363

 
271,510

Total deposits
$
1,319,751

 
$
1,287,765

(a)
Includes Negotiable Order of Withdrawal (“NOW”) accounts, and certain trust accounts.
(b)
Includes Money Market Deposit Accounts (“MMDAs”).
(c)
Includes structured notes classified as deposits for which the fair value option has been elected. For further discussion, see Note 4 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.

 
Note 18 – Earnings per share
For a discussion of the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share (“EPS”), see Note 24 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report. The following table presents the calculation of basic and diluted EPS for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013.
(in millions, except per share amounts)
Three months
ended June 30,
 
Six months
ended June 30,
2014
2013
 
2014
2013
Basic earnings per share
 
 
 
 
 
Net income
$
5,985

$
6,496

 
$
11,259

$
13,025

Less: Preferred stock dividends
268

204

 
495

386

Net income applicable to common equity
5,717

6,292

 
10,764

12,639

Less: Dividends and undistributed earnings allocated to participating securities
144

191

 
294

407

Net income applicable to
  common stockholders
$
5,573

$
6,101

 
$
10,470

$
12,232

 
 
 
 
 
 
Total weighted-average
  basic shares outstanding
3,780.6

3,782.4

 
3,783.9

3,800.3

Net income per share
$
1.47

$
1.61

 
$
2.77

$
3.22

 
 
 
 
 
 
Diluted earnings per share
 
 
 
 
 
Net income applicable to
  common stockholders
$
5,573

$
6,101

 
$
10,470

$
12,232

Total weighted-average
  basic shares outstanding
3,780.6

3,782.4

 
3,783.9

3,800.3

Add: Employee stock options,
  SARs and
  warrants(a)
31.9

31.9

 
34.2

30.3

Total weighted-average
  diluted shares outstanding(b)
3,812.5

3,814.3

 
3,818.1

3,830.6

Net income per share
$
1.46

$
1.60

 
$
2.74

$
3.19

(a)
Excluded from the computation of diluted EPS (due to the antidilutive effect) were options issued under employee benefit plans and the warrants originally issued in 2008 under the U.S. Treasury’s Capital Purchase Program to purchase shares of the Firm’s common stock. The aggregate number of shares issuable upon the exercise of such options and warrants was 1 million and 8 million for the three months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively, and 1 million and 11 million for the six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively.
(b)
Participating securities were included in the calculation of diluted EPS using the two-class method, as this computation was more dilutive than the calculation using the treasury stock method.



165


Note 19 – Accumulated other comprehensive income/(loss)
AOCI includes the after-tax change in unrealized gains and losses on investment securities, foreign currency translation adjustments (including the impact of related derivatives), cash flow hedging activities, and net loss and prior service costs/(credit) related to the Firm’s defined benefit pension and OPEB plans.
As of or for the three months ended
June 30, 2014
Unrealized gains/(losses) on investment securities(a)
 
Translation adjustments, net of hedges
 
Cash flow hedges
 
Defined benefit pension and OPEB plans
 
Accumulated other comprehensive income/(loss)
(in millions)
Balance at April 1, 2014
 
$
3,792

 
 
 
$
(138
)
 
 
 
$
(80
)
 
 
 
$
(1,298
)
 
 
 
$
2,276

 
Net change
 
1,075

(b) 
 
 
12

 
 
 
68

 
 
 
7

 
 
 
1,162

 
Balance at June 30, 2014
 
$
4,867

 
 
 
$
(126
)
 
 
 
$
(12
)
 
 
 
$
(1,291
)
 
 
 
$
3,438

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
As of or for the three months ended
June 30, 2013
Unrealized gains/(losses) on investment securities(a)
 
Translation adjustments, net of hedges
 
Cash flow hedges
 
Defined benefit pension and OPEB plans
 
Accumulated other comprehensive income/(loss)
(in millions)
Balance at April 1, 2013
 
$
6,228

 
 
 
$
(108
)
 
 
 
$
58

 
 
 
$
(2,687
)
 
 
 
$
3,491

 
Net change
 
(3,091
)
(c) 
 
 
(38
)
 
 
 
(290
)
 
 
 
64

 
 
 
(3,355
)
 
Balance at June 30, 2013
 
$
3,137

 
 
 
$
(146
)
 
 
 
$
(232
)
 
 
 
$
(2,623
)
 
 
 
$
136

 
As of or for the six months ended
June 30, 2014
Unrealized gains/(losses) on investment securities(a)
 
Translation adjustments, net of hedges
 
Cash flow hedges
 
Defined benefit pension and OPEB plans
 
Accumulated other comprehensive income/(loss)
(in millions)
Balance at January 1, 2014
 
$
2,798

 
 
 
$
(136
)
 
 
 
$
(139
)
 
 
 
$
(1,324
)
 
 
 
$
1,199

 
Net change
 
2,069

(b) 
 
 
10

 
 
 
127

 
 
 
33

 
 
 
2,239

 
Balance at June 30, 2014
 
$
4,867

 
 
 
$
(126
)
 
 
 
$
(12
)
 
 
 
$
(1,291
)
 
 
 
$
3,438

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
As of or for the six months ended
June 30, 2013
Unrealized gains/(losses) on investment securities(a)
 
Translation adjustments, net of hedges
 
Cash flow hedges
 
Defined benefit pension and OPEB plans
 
Accumulated other comprehensive income/(loss)
(in millions)
Balance at January 1, 2013
 
$
6,868

 
 
 
$
(95
)
 
 
 
$
120

 
 
 
$
(2,791
)
 
 
 
$
4,102

 
Net change
 
(3,731
)
(c) 
 
 
(51
)
 
 
 
(352
)
 
 
 
168

 
 
 
(3,966
)
 
Balance at June 30, 2013
 
$
3,137

 
 
 
$
(146
)
 
 
 
$
(232
)
 
 
 
$
(2,623
)
 
 
 
$
136

 
(a)
Represents the after-tax difference between the fair value and amortized cost of securities accounted for as AFS; including, as of the date of transfer during the first quarter of 2014, $9 million of net unrealized losses related to AFS securities that were transferred to HTM. Subsequent to transfer, includes any net unamortized unrealized gains and losses related to the transferred securities.
(b)
The net change for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014, was primarily due to higher market valuations of obligations of U.S. states and municipalities and U.S. mortgage-backed securities in the Firm’s AFS investment securities portfolio.
(c)
The net change for the three and six months ended June 30, 2013, was primarily related to the decline in fair value of U.S. government agency issued MBS and obligations of U.S. states and municipalities due to market changes, as well as net realized gains.



166



The following table presents the pretax and after-tax changes in the components of other comprehensive income/(loss).
 
2014
 
2013
Three months ended June 30, (in millions)
Pretax
 
Tax effect
 
After-tax
 
Pretax
 
Tax effect
 
After-tax
Unrealized gains/(losses) on investment securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net unrealized gains/(losses) arising during the period
$
1,778

 
$
(695
)
 
$
1,083

 
$
(4,947
)
 
$
1,931

 
$
(3,016
)
Reclassification adjustment for realized (gains)/losses included in
net income(a)
(12
)
 
4

 
(8
)
 
(124
)
 
49

 
(75
)
Net change
1,766

 
(691
)
 
1,075

 
(5,071
)
 
1,980

 
(3,091
)
Translation adjustments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Translation(b)
218

 
(79
)
 
139

 
(607
)
 
223

 
(384
)
Hedges(b)
(208
)
 
81

 
(127
)
 
571

 
(225
)
 
346

Net change
10

 
2

 
12

 
(36
)
 
(2
)
 
(38
)
Cash flow hedges:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net unrealized gains/(losses) arising during the period
143

 
(57
)
 
86

 
(512
)
 
201

 
(311
)
Reclassification adjustment for realized (gains)/losses included in
net income(c)
(29
)
 
11

 
(18
)
 
34

 
(13
)
 
21

Net change
114

 
(46
)
 
68

 
(478
)
 
188

 
(290
)
Defined benefit pension and OPEB plans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net gains/(losses) arising during the period
19

 
(8
)
 
11

 
37

 
(15
)
 
22

Reclassification adjustments included in net income(d):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Amortization of net loss
19

 
(7
)
 
12

 
79

 
(31
)
 
48

Prior service costs/(credits)
(12
)
 
5

 
(7
)
 
(11
)
 
5

 
(6
)
Foreign exchange and other
(15
)
 
6

 
(9
)
 
(1
)
 
1

 

Net change
11

 
(4
)
 
7

 
104

 
(40
)
 
64

Total other comprehensive income/(loss)
$
1,901

 
$
(739
)
 
$
1,162

 
$
(5,481
)
 
$
2,126

 
$
(3,355
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2014
 
2013
Six months ended June 30, (in millions)
Pretax
 
Tax effect
 
After-tax
 
Pretax
 
Tax effect
 
After-tax
Unrealized gains/(losses) on investment securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net unrealized gains/(losses) arising during the period
$
3,399

 
$
(1,304
)
 
$
2,095

 
$
(5,462
)
 
$
2,116

 
$
(3,346
)
Reclassification adjustment for realized (gains)/losses included in
net income(a)
(42
)
 
16

 
(26
)
 
(633
)
 
248

 
(385
)
Net change
3,357

 
(1,288
)
 
2,069

 
(6,095
)
 
2,364

 
(3,731
)
Translation adjustments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Translation(b)
372

 
(142
)
 
230

 
(1,034
)
 
381

 
(653
)
Hedges(b)
(362
)
 
142

 
(220
)
 
991

 
(389
)
 
602

Net change
10

 

 
10

 
(43
)
 
(8
)
 
(51
)
Cash flow hedges:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net unrealized gains/(losses) arising during the period
215

 
(87
)
 
128

 
(642
)
 
252

 
(390
)
Reclassification adjustment for realized (gains)/losses included in
net income(c)
(2
)
 
1

 
(1
)
 
63

 
(25
)
 
38

Net change
213

 
(86
)
 
127

 
(579
)
 
227

 
(352
)
Defined benefit pension and OPEB plans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net gains/(losses) arising during the period
88

 
(34
)
 
54

 
85

 
(25
)
 
60

Reclassification adjustments included in net income(d):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Amortization of net loss
37

 
(15
)
 
22

 
160

 
(62
)
 
98

Prior service costs/(credits)
(22
)
 
9

 
(13
)
 
(22
)
 
9

 
(13
)
Foreign exchange and other
(19
)
 
(11
)
 
(30
)
 
36

 
(13
)
 
23

Net change
84

 
(51
)
 
33

 
259

 
(91
)
 
168

Total other comprehensive income/(loss)
$
3,664

 
$
(1,425
)
 
$
2,239

 
$
(6,458
)
 
$
2,492

 
$
(3,966
)
(a)
The pretax amount is reported in securities gains in the Consolidated Statements of Income.
(b)
Reclassifications of pretax realized gains/(losses) on translation adjustments and related hedges are reported in other income in the Consolidated Statements of Income. The amounts were not material for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014, and 2013.
(c)
The pretax amount is reported in the same line as the hedged items, which are predominantly recorded in net interest income in the Consolidated Statements of Income.
(d)
The pretax amount is reported in compensation expense in the Consolidated Statements of Income.

167


Note 20 – Regulatory capital
The Federal Reserve establishes capital requirements, including well-capitalized standards, for the consolidated financial holding company. The Office of the Comptroller
of the Currency (“OCC”) establishes similar capital requirements and standards for the Firm’s national banks, including JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., and Chase Bank USA, N.A. Basel III rules under the transitional Standardized and Advanced Approaches (“Basel III Standardized Transitional” and “Basel III Advanced Transitional,” respectively) became effective on January 1, 2014; all prior period data is based on Basel I rules. For 2014, Basel III Standardized Transitional requires the Firm to calculate its capital ratios using the Basel III definition of capital divided by the Basel I definition of RWA, inclusive of Basel 2.5 for market risk. On February 21, 2014, the Federal Reserve and the OCC informed the Firm and its national bank subsidiaries that they were approved to calculate capital under Basel III Advanced, in addition to Basel III Standardized, as of
April 1, 2014.
As of January 1, 2014, there are three categories of risk-based capital: Common Equity Tier 1 capital (“CET1 capital”) under the Basel III Transitional rules, as well as
Tier 1 capital and Tier 2 capital. CET1 capital predominantly includes common stockholders’ equity (including capital for AOCI related to debt and equity securities classified as AFS as well as for defined benefit pension and OPEB plans), less certain deductions for goodwill, MSRs and deferred tax assets that arise from net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Tier 1 capital is predominantly comprised of CET1 capital as well as perpetual preferred stock. Tier 2 capital includes Tier 1 capital as well as long-term debt qualifying as Tier 2 and qualifying allowance for credit losses. Total capital is Tier 1 capital plus Tier 2 capital.
Basel III establishes two comprehensive methodologies for calculating RWA, a Standardized approach and an Advanced approach. Key differences in the calculation of RWA between the Standardized and Advanced approaches include: (1) for Basel III Advanced, credit risk RWA is based on risk-sensitive approaches which largely rely on the use of internal credit models and parameters, whereas for Basel III Standardized, RWA is generally based on supervisory risk-weightings which vary only by counterparty type and asset class; and (2) Basel III Advanced includes RWA for operational risk, whereas Basel III Standardized does not.
As a result of becoming subject to Basel III Advanced on April 1, 2014, the capital adequacy of the Firm and its national bank subsidiaries will be evaluated against the Basel III approach (Standardized or Advanced) that results, for each quarter beginning with the second quarter of 2014, in the lower ratio (the “Collins Floor”), as required by the Collins Amendment of the Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the “Dodd-Frank Act”).
 
The following tables present the regulatory capital, assets and risk-based capital ratios for JPMorgan Chase and its significant banking subsidiaries under both Basel III Standardized Transitional and Basel III Advanced Transitional at June 30, 2014, and under Basel I at December 31, 2013.
 
JPMorgan Chase & Co.(d)
 
Basel III Standardized Transitional
 
Basel III Advanced Transitional
 
Basel I
(in millions,
except ratios)
Jun 30,
2014
 
Jun 30,
2014
 
Dec 31,
2013
Regulatory capital
 
 
 
 
 
CET1 capital
$
160,086

 
$
160,086

 
NA
Tier 1 capital(a)
179,884

 
179,884

 
$
165,663

Total capital
213,780

 
203,076

 
199,286

 
 
 
 
 
 
Assets
 
 
 
 
 
Risk-weighted
1,458,620

 
1,626,427

 
1,387,863

Adjusted average(b)
2,374,025

 
2,374,025

 
2,343,713

 
 
 
 
 
 
Capital ratios(c)
 
 
 
 
 
CET1
11.0
%
 
9.8
%
 
NA

Tier 1(a)
12.3

 
11.1

 
11.9
%
Total
14.7

 
12.5

 
14.4

Tier 1 leverage
7.6

 
7.6

 
7.1

 
JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.(d)
 
Basel III Standardized Transitional
 
Basel III Advanced Transitional
 
Basel I
(in millions,
except ratios)
Jun 30,
2014
 
Jun 30,
2014
 
Dec 31,
2013
Regulatory capital
 
 
 
 
 
CET1 capital
$
149,961

 
$
149,961

 
NA
Tier 1 capital(a)
149,961

 
149,961

 
$
139,727

Total capital
168,636

 
160,749

 
165,496

 
 
 
 
 
 
Assets
 
 
 
 
 
Risk-weighted
1,241,565

 
1,349,140

 
1,171,574

Adjusted average(b)
1,895,540

 
1,895,540

 
1,900,770

 
 
 
 
 
 
Capital ratios(c)
 
 
 
 
 
CET1
12.1
%
 
11.1
%
 
NA
Tier 1(a)
12.1

 
11.1

 
11.9
%
Total
13.6

 
11.9

 
14.1

Tier 1 leverage
7.9

 
7.9

 
7.4



168


 
Chase Bank USA, N.A.(d)
 
Basel III Standardized Transitional
 
Basel III Advanced Transitional
 
Basel I
(in millions,
except ratios)
Jun 30,
2014
 
Jun 30,
2014
 
Dec 31,
2013
Regulatory capital
 
 
 
 
 
CET1 capital
$
13,626

 
$
13,626

 
NA
Tier 1 capital(a)
13,626

 
13,626

 
$
12,956

Total capital
19,526

 
18,276

 
16,389

 
 
 
 
 
 
Assets
 
 
 
 
 
Risk-weighted
98,509

 
154,964

 
100,990

Adjusted average(b)
114,031

 
114,031

 
109,731

 
 
 
 
 
 
Capital ratios(c)
 
 
 
 
 
CET1
13.8
%
 
8.8
%
 
NA
Tier 1(a)
13.8

 
8.8

 
12.8
%
Total
19.8

 
11.8

 
16.2

Tier 1 leverage
12.0

 
12.0

 
11.8

(a)
At June 30, 2014, trust preferred securities included in Basel III Tier 1 capital were $2.7 billion and $300 million for JPMorgan Chase and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., respectively. At June 30, 2014, Chase Bank USA, N.A. had no trust preferred securities.
(b)
Adjusted average assets, for purposes of calculating the leverage ratio, include total quarterly average assets adjusted for unrealized gains/(losses) on securities, less deductions for disallowed goodwill and other intangible assets, investments in certain subsidiaries, and the total adjusted carrying value of nonfinancial equity investments that are subject to deductions from Tier 1 capital.
(c)
Beginning April 1, 2014, the lower ratio represents the Collins Floor.
(d)
Asset and capital amounts for JPMorgan Chase’s banking subsidiaries reflect intercompany transactions; whereas the respective amounts for JPMorgan Chase reflect the elimination of intercompany transactions.
Note:
Rating agencies allow measures of capital to be adjusted upward for deferred tax liabilities, which have resulted from both non-taxable business combinations and from tax-deductible goodwill. The Firm had deferred tax liabilities resulting from non-taxable business combinations totaling $145 million and $192 million at June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, respectively; and deferred tax liabilities resulting from tax-deductible goodwill of $2.8 billion at both June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013.


 
Under the risk-based capital guidelines of the Federal Reserve, JPMorgan Chase is required to maintain minimum ratios of Tier 1 and Total capital to risk-weighted assets,
as well as minimum leverage ratios (which are defined as Tier 1 capital divided by adjusted quarterly average assets). Failure to meet these minimum requirements could cause the Federal Reserve to take action. Bank subsidiaries also are subject to these capital requirements by their respective primary regulators. The following table presents the minimum ratios to which the Firm and its national bank subsidiaries are subject as of June 30, 2014.
 
 
Well-capitalized ratios(b)
 
Minimum capital ratios(b)
Capital ratios
 
 
 
 
CET1
 
NA

 
4.0
%
Tier 1
 
6.0
%
 
5.5

Total
 
10.0

 
8.0

Tier 1 leverage
 
5.0

(a) 
4.0

(a)
Represents requirements for bank subsidiaries pursuant to regulations issued under the FDIC Improvement Act. There is no Tier 1 leverage component in the definition of a well-capitalized bank holding company.
(b)
As defined by the regulations issued by the Federal Reserve, OCC and FDIC. In addition to the 2014 well-capitalized standards, beginning January 1, 2015, Basel III Transitional CET1 capital and the Basel III Standardized Transitional and the Basel III Advanced Transitional CET1 capital ratios become relevant capital measures under the prompt corrective action requirements defined by the regulations.

As of June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, JPMorgan Chase and all of its banking subsidiaries were well-capitalized and met all capital requirements to which each was subject.


169


Note 21 – Off–balance sheet lending-related financial instruments, guarantees, and other commitments
JPMorgan Chase provides lending-related financial instruments (e.g., commitments and guarantees) to meet the financing needs of its customers. The contractual amount of these financial instruments represents the maximum possible credit risk to the Firm should the counterparty draw upon the commitment or the Firm be required to fulfill its obligation under the guarantee, and should the counterparty subsequently fail to perform according to the terms of the contract. Most of these commitments and guarantees expire without being drawn or a default occurring. As a result, the total contractual amount of these instruments is not, in the Firm’s view, representative of its actual future credit exposure or funding requirements. For further discussion of lending-related commitments and guarantees, and the Firm’s related accounting policies, see Note 29 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.
 
To provide for probable credit losses inherent in consumer (excluding credit card) and wholesale lending commitments, an allowance for credit losses on lending-related commitments is maintained. See Note 14 for further discussion regarding the allowance for credit losses on lending-related commitments. The following table summarizes the contractual amounts and carrying values of off-balance sheet lending-related financial instruments, guarantees and other commitments at June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013. The amounts in the table below for credit card and home equity lending-related commitments represent the total available credit for these products. The Firm has not experienced, and does not anticipate, that all available lines of credit for these products will be utilized at the same time. The Firm can reduce or cancel credit card lines of credit by providing the borrower notice or, in some cases as permitted by law, without notice. The Firm may reduce or close home equity lines of credit when there are significant decreases in the value of the underlying property, or when there has been a demonstrable decline in the creditworthiness of the borrower. Also, the Firm typically closes credit card lines when the borrower is 60 days or more past due.



170


Off–balance sheet lending-related financial instruments, guarantees and other commitments
 
 
Contractual amount
 
Carrying value(j)
 
Jun 30, 2014
Dec 31,
2013
 
Jun 30,
2014
Dec 31,
2013
By remaining maturity
(in millions)
Expires in 1 year or less
Expires after
1 year through
3 years
Expires after
3 years through
5 years
Expires after 5 years
Total
Total
 
 
 
Lending-related
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consumer, excluding credit card:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Home equity – senior lien
$
2,332

$
4,303

$
3,050

$
2,268

$
11,953

$
13,158

 
$

$

Home equity – junior lien
3,707

6,338

3,460

2,261

15,766

17,837

 


Prime mortgage
6,679




6,679

4,817

 


Subprime mortgage






 


Auto
9,006

371

122

22

9,521

8,309

 
1

1

Business banking
10,516

886

117

377

11,896

11,251

 
8

7

Student and other
99

37

2

457

595

685

 


Total consumer, excluding credit card(a)
32,339

11,935

6,751

5,385

56,410

56,057

 
9

8

Credit card(b)
533,688




533,688

529,383

 


Total consumer
566,027

11,935

6,751

5,385

590,098

585,440

 
9

8

Wholesale:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other unfunded commitments to extend credit(c)(d)
59,664

76,645

108,410

8,628

253,347

246,495

 
410

432

Standby letters of credit and other financial guarantees(c)(d)(e)
23,884

32,699

33,020

2,126

91,729

92,723

 
851

943

Unused advised lines of credit
89,000

11,649

559

473

101,681

101,994

 


Other letters of credit(c)
3,402

994

122


4,518

5,020

 
1

2

Total wholesale(f)
175,950

121,987

142,111

11,227

451,275

446,232

 
1,262

1,377

Total lending-related
$
741,977

$
133,922

$
148,862

$
16,612

$
1,041,373

$
1,031,672

 
$
1,271

$
1,385

Other guarantees and commitments
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Securities lending indemnification agreements and guarantees(g)
$
208,317

$

$

$

$
208,317

$
169,709

 
$

$

Derivatives qualifying as guarantees
1,088

795

13,836

37,733

53,452

56,274

 
44

72

Unsettled reverse repurchase and securities borrowing agreements(h)
74,198




74,198

38,211

 


Loan sale and securitization-related indemnifications:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mortgage repurchase liability
NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

 
436

681

Loans sold with recourse
NA

NA

NA

NA

6,775

7,692

 
115

131

Other guarantees and commitments(i)
437

353

2,616

2,099

5,505

6,786

 
(79
)
(99
)
(a)
Predominantly all consumer, excluding credit card, lending-related commitments contractual amounts are in the U.S.
(b)
Predominantly all credit card lending-related commitments contractual amounts are in the U.S.
(c)
At June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, reflects the contractual amount net of risk participations totaling $184 million and $476 million, respectively, for other unfunded commitments to extend credit; $14.3 billion and $14.8 billion, respectively, for standby letters of credit and other financial guarantees; and $538 million and $622 million, respectively, for other letters of credit. In regulatory filings with the Federal Reserve these commitments are shown gross of risk participations.
(d)
At June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, included credit enhancements and bond and commercial paper liquidity commitments to U.S. states and municipalities, hospitals and other non-profit entities of $17.0 billion and $18.9 billion, respectively, within other unfunded commitments to extend credit; and $15.2 billion and $17.2 billion, respectively, within standby letters of credit and other financial guarantees. Other unfunded commitments to extend credit also include liquidity facilities to nonconsolidated municipal bond VIEs; for further information, see Note 15.
(e)
At June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, included unissued standby letters of credit commitments of $44.8 billion and $42.8 billion, respectively.
(f)
At June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, the U.S. portion of the contractual amount of total wholesale lending-related commitments was 67% and 68%, respectively.
(g)
At June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, collateral held by the Firm in support of securities lending indemnification agreements was $216.3 billion and $176.4 billion, respectively. Securities lending collateral comprises primarily cash and securities issued by governments that are members of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (“OECD”) and U.S. government agencies.
(h)
At June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, the amount of commitments related to forward-starting reverse repurchase agreements and securities borrowing agreements were $40.7 billion and $9.9 billion, respectively. Commitments related to unsettled reverse repurchase agreements and securities borrowing agreements with regular-way settlement periods were $33.5 billion and $28.3 billion, at June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, respectively.
(i)
At June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, included unfunded commitments of $130 million and $215 million, respectively, to third-party private equity funds; and $691 million and $1.9 billion, at June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, to other equity investments. These commitments included $111 million and $184 million, respectively, related to investments that are generally fair valued at net asset value as discussed in Note 3. In addition, at both June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, included letters of credit hedged by derivative transactions and managed on a market risk basis of $4.5 billion.
(j)
For lending-related products, the carrying value represents the allowance for lending-related commitments and the guarantee liability; for derivative-related products, the carrying value represents the fair value.

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Other unfunded commitments to extend credit
Other unfunded commitments to extend credit generally comprise commitments for working capital and general corporate purposes, and extensions of credit to support commercial paper facilities and bond financings in the event that those obligations cannot be remarketed to new investors, as well as committed liquidity facilities to clearing organizations.
Also included in other unfunded commitments to extend credit are commitments to noninvestment-grade counterparties in connection with leveraged finance activities, which were $23.1 billion and $18.3 billion at June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, respectively.
For further information, see Note 3 and Note 4.
In addition, the Firm acts as a clearing and custody bank in the U.S. tri-party repurchase transaction market. In its role as clearing and custody bank, the Firm is exposed to intra-day credit risk of the cash borrowers, usually broker-dealers; however, this exposure is secured by collateral and typically extinguished through the settlement process by the end of the day. Tri-party repurchase daily balances averaged $181 billion and $279 billion for the three months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively, and $182 billion and $287 billion for the six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively. The prior period amounts have been revised to conform with the current period presentation.

 
Guarantees
The Firm considers the following off–balance sheet lending-related arrangements to be guarantees under U.S. GAAP: standby letters of credit and financial guarantees, securities lending indemnifications, certain indemnification agreements included within third-party contractual arrangements and certain derivative contracts. For a further discussion of the off–balance sheet lending-related arrangements the Firm considers to be guarantees, and the related accounting policies, see Note 29 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report. The recorded amounts of the liabilities related to guarantees and indemnifications at June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, excluding the allowance for credit losses on lending-related commitments, are discussed below.
Standby letters of credit and other financial guarantees
Standby letters of credit (“SBLC”) and other financial guarantees are conditional lending commitments issued by the Firm to guarantee the performance of a customer to a third party under certain arrangements, such as commercial paper facilities, bond financings, acquisition financings, trade and similar transactions. The carrying values of standby and other letters of credit were $852 million and $945 million at June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, respectively, which were classified in accounts payable and other liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets; these carrying values included $229 million and $265 million, respectively, for the allowance for lending-related commitments, and $623 million and $680 million, respectively, for the guarantee liability and corresponding asset.


The following table summarizes the types of facilities under which standby letters of credit and other letters of credit arrangements are outstanding by the ratings profiles of the Firm’s customers, as of June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013.
Standby letters of credit, other financial guarantees and other letters of credit
 
June 30, 2014
 
December 31, 2013
(in millions)
Standby letters of
credit and other financial guarantees
Other letters
of credit
 
Standby letters of
credit and other financial guarantees
Other letters
of credit
Investment-grade(a)
 
$
68,440

 
$
3,551

 
 
$
69,109

 
$
3,939

Noninvestment-grade(a)
 
23,289

 
967

 
 
23,614

 
1,081

Total contractual amount
 
$
91,729

 
$
4,518

 
 
$
92,723

 
$
5,020

Allowance for lending-related commitments
 
$
228

 
$
1

 
 
$
263

 
$
2

Commitments with collateral
 
40,331

 
1,718

 
 
40,410

 
1,473

(a)
The ratings scale is based on the Firm’s internal ratings which generally correspond to ratings as defined by S&P and Moody’s.
Derivatives qualifying as guarantees
In addition to the contracts described above, the Firm transacts certain derivative contracts that have the characteristics of a guarantee under U.S. GAAP. For further information on these derivatives, see Note 29 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report. The total notional value of the derivatives that the Firm deems to be guarantees was $53.5 billion and $56.3 billion at June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, respectively. The notional amount generally represents the Firm’s maximum exposure to derivatives qualifying as guarantees. However, exposure to
 
certain stable value contracts is contractually limited to a substantially lower percentage of the notional amount; the notional amount on these stable value contracts was $27.2 billion and $27.0 billion at June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, respectively, and the maximum exposure to loss was $2.9 billion and 2.8 billion at June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, respectively. The fair values of the contracts reflect the probability of whether the Firm will be required to perform under the contract. The fair value related to derivatives that the Firm deems to be guarantees were derivative payables of $86 million and


172


$109 million and derivative receivables of $42 million and $37 million at June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, respectively. The Firm reduces exposures to these contracts by entering into offsetting transactions, or by entering into contracts that hedge the market risk related to the derivative guarantees.
In addition to derivative contracts that meet the characteristics of a guarantee, the Firm is both a purchaser and seller of credit protection in the credit derivatives market. For a further discussion of credit derivatives, see Note 5.
Loan sales- and securitization-related indemnifications
Mortgage repurchase liability
In connection with the Firm’s mortgage loan sale and securitization activities with the GSEs, as described in Note 15 of this Form 10-Q, and Note 16 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report, the Firm has made representations and warranties that the loans sold meet certain requirements. The Firm has been, and may be, required to repurchase loans and/or indemnify the GSEs (e.g., with “make-whole” payments to reimburse the GSEs for their realized losses on liquidated loans). To the extent that repurchase demands that are received relate to loans that the Firm purchased from third parties that remain viable, the Firm typically will have the right to seek a recovery of related repurchase losses from the third party. Generally, the maximum amount of future payments the Firm would be required to make for breaches of these representations and warranties would be equal to the unpaid principal balance of such loans that are deemed to have defects that were sold to purchasers (including securitization-related SPEs) plus, in certain circumstances, accrued interest on such loans and certain expense.
For additional information, see Note 29 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.
 
The following table summarizes the change in the mortgage repurchase liability for each of the periods presented.
Summary of changes in mortgage repurchase liability(a)
 
Three months
ended June 30,
 
Six months ended June 30,
(in millions)
2014
 
2013
 
2014
 
2013
Repurchase liability at beginning of period
$
564

 
$
2,674

 
$
681

 
$
2,811

Net realized gains/(losses)(b)
8

 
(191
)
 
19

 
(403
)
(Benefit)/provision for repurchase(c)
(136
)
 
(7
)
 
(264
)
 
68

Repurchase liability at end of period
$
436

 
$
2,476

 
$
436

 
$
2,476

(a)
On October 25, 2013, the Firm announced that it had reached a $1.1 billion agreement with the FHFA to resolve, other than certain limited types of exposures, outstanding and future mortgage repurchase demands associated with loans sold to the GSEs from 2000 to 2008.
(b)
Presented net of third-party recoveries and include principal losses and accrued interest on repurchased loans, “make-whole” settlements, settlements with claimants, and certain related expense. Make-whole settlements were $1 million and $133 million for the three months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively and $3 million and $254 million for the six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively.
(c)
Included a provision related to new loan sales of $1 million and $6 million for the three months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively, and $2 million and $14 million for the six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively.
Private label securitizations
The liability related to repurchase demands associated with private label securitizations is separately evaluated by the Firm in establishing its litigation reserves.
For additional information regarding litigation, see Note 23 of this Form 10-Q and Note 31 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.
Loans sold with recourse
The Firm provides servicing for mortgages and certain commercial lending products on both a recourse and nonrecourse basis. In nonrecourse servicing, the principal credit risk to the Firm is the cost of temporary servicing advances of funds (i.e., normal servicing advances). In recourse servicing, the servicer agrees to share credit risk with the owner of the mortgage loans, such as Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac or a private investor, insurer or guarantor. Losses on recourse servicing predominantly occur when foreclosure sales proceeds of the property underlying a defaulted loan are less than the sum of the outstanding principal balance, plus accrued interest on the loan and the cost of holding and disposing of the underlying property. The Firm’s securitizations are predominantly nonrecourse, thereby effectively transferring the risk of future credit losses to the purchaser of the mortgage-backed securities issued by the trust. At June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, the unpaid principal balance of loans sold with recourse totaled $6.8 billion and $7.7 billion, respectively. The carrying value of the related liability that the Firm has recorded, which is representative of the Firm’s view of the likelihood it will have to perform under its recourse obligations, was $115 million and $131 million at June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, respectively.


173


Note 22 – Pledged assets and collateral
For a discussion of the Firm’s pledged assets and collateral, see Note 30 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.
Pledged assets
At June 30, 2014, financial assets were pledged to maintain potential borrowing capacity with central banks and for other purposes, including to secure borrowings and public deposits, and to collateralize repurchase and other securities financing agreements. Certain of these pledged assets may be sold or repledged by the secured parties and are identified as financial assets owned (pledged to various parties) on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. At June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, the Firm had pledged assets of $269.0 billion and $251.3 billion, respectively, at Federal Reserve Banks and FHLBs. In addition, as of June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, the Firm had pledged $53.9 billion and $60.6 billion, respectively, of financial assets it owns that may not be sold or repledged by the secured parties. Total assets pledged do not include assets of consolidated VIEs; these assets are used to settle the liabilities of those entities. See Note 15 for additional information on assets and liabilities of consolidated VIEs. For additional information on the Firm’s securities financing activities, see Note 12. For additional information on the Firm’s long-term debt, see Note 21 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.
Collateral
At June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, the Firm had accepted financial assets as collateral that it could sell or repledge, deliver or otherwise use with a fair value of approximately $777.3 billion and $726.7 billion, respectively. This collateral was generally obtained under resale agreements, securities borrowing agreements, customer margin loans and derivative agreements. Of the collateral received, approximately $586.6 billion and $543.5 billion, respectively, were sold or repledged, generally as collateral under repurchase agreements, securities lending agreements or to cover short sales and to collateralize deposits and derivative agreements.


 
Note 23 – Litigation
Contingencies
As of June 30, 2014, the Firm and its subsidiaries are defendants or putative defendants in numerous legal proceedings, including private, civil litigations and regulatory/government investigations. The litigations range from individual actions involving a single plaintiff to class action lawsuits with potentially millions of class members. Investigations involve both formal and informal proceedings, by both governmental agencies and self-regulatory organizations. These legal proceedings are at varying stages of adjudication, arbitration or investigation, and involve each of the Firm’s lines of business and geographies and a wide variety of claims (including common law tort and contract claims and statutory antitrust, securities and consumer protection claims), some of which present novel legal theories.
The Firm believes the estimate of the aggregate range of reasonably possible losses, in excess of reserves established, for its legal proceedings is from $0 to approximately $4.6 billion at June 30, 2014. This estimated aggregate range of reasonably possible losses is based upon currently available information for those proceedings in which the Firm is involved, taking into account the Firm’s best estimate of such losses for those cases for which such estimate can be made. For certain cases, the Firm does not believe that an estimate can currently be made. The Firm’s estimate involves significant judgment, given the varying stages of the proceedings (including the fact that many are currently in preliminary stages), the existence in many such proceedings of multiple defendants (including the Firm) whose share of liability has yet to be determined, the numerous yet-unresolved issues in many of the proceedings (including issues regarding class certification and the scope of many of the claims) and the attendant uncertainty of the various potential outcomes of such proceedings. Accordingly, the Firm’s estimate will change from time to time, and actual losses may vary.
Set forth below are descriptions of the Firm’s material legal proceedings.
CIO Investigations and Litigation. The Firm has been sued in a consolidated shareholder purported class action, a consolidated purported class action brought under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (“ERISA”) and shareholder derivative actions brought in Delaware state court and in New York federal and state court relating to 2012 losses in the synthetic credit portfolio managed by the Firm’s Chief Investment Office (“CIO”). Plaintiffs in two of the shareholder derivative actions and the ERISA action have appealed the dismissal of their claims. The Firm also continues to cooperate with ongoing government investigations.
Credit Default Swaps Investigations and Litigation. In July 2013, the European Commission (the “EC”) filed a Statement of Objections against the Firm (including various subsidiaries) and other industry members in connection with its ongoing investigation into the credit default swaps (“CDS”) marketplace. The EC asserts that between 2006


174


and 2009, a number of investment banks acted collectively through the International Swaps and Derivatives Association (“ISDA”) and Markit Group Limited (“Markit”) to foreclose exchanges from the potential market for exchange-traded credit derivatives. The Firm submitted a response to the Statement of Objections in January 2014, and the EC held a hearing in May 2014. The U.S. Department of Justice (the “DOJ”) also has an ongoing investigation into the CDS marketplace, which was initiated in July 2009.
Separately, the Firm and other industry members are defendants in nine purported class actions (all consolidated in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York) filed on behalf of purchasers and sellers of CDS and asserting federal antitrust law claims. Each of the complaints refers to the ongoing investigations by the EC and DOJ into the CDS market, and alleges that the defendant investment banks and dealers, including the Firm, as well as Markit and/or ISDA, collectively prevented new entrants into the CDS market. Defendants moved to dismiss in May 2014.
Foreign Exchange Investigations and Litigation. The Firm has received information requests, document production notices and related inquiries from various U.S. and non-U.S. government authorities regarding the Firm’s foreign exchange trading business. The Firm is responding to and continuing to cooperate with the relevant authorities.
Since November 2013, a number of class actions have been filed in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York against a number of foreign exchange dealers, including the Firm, for alleged violations of federal and state antitrust laws and unjust enrichment based on an alleged conspiracy to manipulate foreign exchange rates reported on the WM/Reuters service. In March 2014, plaintiffs filed a consolidated amended class action complaint, which defendants moved to dismiss in May 2014.
Interchange Litigation. A group of merchants and retail associations filed a series of class action complaints alleging that Visa and MasterCard, as well as certain banks, conspired to set the price of credit and debit card interchange fees, enacted respective rules in violation of antitrust laws, and engaged in tying/bundling and exclusive dealing. The parties have entered into an agreement to settle the cases, for a cash payment of $6.1 billion to the class plaintiffs (of which the Firm’s share is approximately 20%) and an amount equal to ten basis points of credit card interchange for a period of eight months to be measured from a date within 60 days of the end of the opt-out period. The agreement also provides for modifications to each credit card network’s rules, including those that prohibit surcharging credit card transactions. In December 2013, the Court issued a decision granting final approval of the settlement. A number of merchants have appealed. Certain merchants that opted out of the class settlement have filed actions against Visa and MasterCard, as well as
 
against the Firm and other banks, which are subject to pending motions to dismiss.
Investment Management Litigation. The Firm is defending two pending cases that allege that investment portfolios managed by J.P. Morgan Investment Management (“JPMIM”) were inappropriately invested in securities backed by residential real estate collateral. Plaintiffs Assured Guaranty (U.K.) and Ambac Assurance UK Limited claim that JPMIM is liable for losses of more than $1 billion in market value of these securities. Discovery is proceeding.
Italian Proceedings.
City of Milan. In January 2009, the City of Milan, Italy (the “City”) issued civil proceedings against (among others) JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. and J.P. Morgan Securities plc in the District Court of Milan alleging a breach of advisory obligations in connection with a bond issue by the City in June 2005 and an associated swap transaction. The Firm has entered into a settlement agreement with the City to resolve the City’s civil proceedings.
Four current and former JPMorgan Chase employees and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. (as well as other individuals and three other banks) were directed by a criminal judge to participate in a trial that started in May 2010. As it relates to JPMorgan Chase individuals, two were acquitted and two were found guilty of aggravated fraud with sanctions of prison sentences, fines and a ban from dealing with Italian public bodies for one year. JPMorgan Chase (along with other banks involved) was found liable for breaches of Italian administrative law. JPMorgan Chase and the individuals appealed, and the Court fully acquitted JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. and its employees, stating that there was no case to answer. The deadline to file an appeal to the Italian Supreme Court has passed without an appeal being filed.
Parmalat. In 2003, following the bankruptcy of the Parmalat group of companies (“Parmalat”), criminal prosecutors in Italy investigated the activities of Parmalat, its directors and the financial institutions that had dealings with them following the collapse of the company. In March 2012, the criminal prosecutor served a notice indicating an intention to pursue criminal proceedings against four former employees of the Firm (but not against the Firm) on charges of conspiracy to cause Parmalat’s insolvency by underwriting bonds and continuing derivatives trading when Parmalat’s balance sheet was false. A preliminary hearing, in which the judge will determine whether to recommend that the matter go to a full trial, is ongoing.
In addition, the administrator of Parmalat commenced five civil actions against JPMorgan Chase entities including: two claw-back actions; a claim relating to bonds issued by Parmalat in which it is alleged that JPMorgan Chase kept Parmalat “artificially” afloat and delayed the declaration of insolvency; and similar allegations in two claims relating to derivatives transactions.
Lehman Brothers Bankruptcy Proceedings. In May 2010, Lehman Brothers Holdings Inc. (“LBHI”) and its Official Committee of Unsecured Creditors (the “Committee”) filed a complaint (and later an amended complaint) against


175


JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of New York that asserts both federal bankruptcy law and state common law claims, and seeks, among other relief, to recover $7.9 billion in collateral that was transferred to JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. in the weeks preceding LBHI’s bankruptcy. The amended complaint also seeks unspecified damages on the grounds that JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.’s collateral requests hastened LBHI’s bankruptcy. The Court dismissed the counts of the amended complaint that sought to void the allegedly constructively fraudulent and preferential transfers made to the Firm during the months of August and September 2008.
The Firm has filed counterclaims against LBHI alleging that LBHI fraudulently induced the Firm to make large clearing advances to Lehman against inappropriate collateral, which left the Firm with more than $25 billion in claims (the “Clearing Claims”) against the estate of Lehman Brothers Inc., LBHI’s broker-dealer subsidiary. Discovery is ongoing.
LBHI and the Committee have filed an objection to the claims asserted by JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. against LBHI with respect to the Clearing Claims, principally on the grounds that the Firm had not conducted the sale of the securities collateral held for such claims in a commercially reasonable manner.
LBHI and several of its subsidiaries that had been Chapter 11 debtors have also filed a separate complaint and objection to derivatives claims asserted by the Firm alleging that the amount of the derivatives claims had been overstated and challenging certain set-offs taken by JPMorgan Chase entities to recover on the claims. The Firm responded to this separate complaint and objection in February 2013. The Clearing Claims and the derivatives claims, together with other claims of the Firm against Lehman entities, have been paid in full, subject to the outcome of the objections filed by LBHI and the Committee. Discovery in both cases is ongoing.
LIBOR and Other Benchmark Rate Investigations and Litigation. JPMorgan Chase has received subpoenas and requests for documents and, in some cases, interviews, from federal and state agencies and entities, including the DOJ, the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (the “CFTC”), the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) and various state attorneys general, as well as the EC, the U.K. Financial Conduct Authority (the “FCA”), Canadian Competition Bureau, Swiss Competition Commission and other regulatory authorities and banking associations around the world relating primarily to the process by which interest rates were submitted to the British Bankers Association (“BBA”) in connection with the setting of the BBA’s London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) for various currencies, principally in 2007 and 2008. Some of the inquiries also relate to similar processes by which information on rates is submitted to the European Banking Federation (“EBF”) in connection with the setting of the EBF’s Euro Interbank Offered Rates (“EURIBOR”) and to the Japanese Bankers’ Association for the setting of Tokyo Interbank Offered Rates (“TIBOR”) as well as to other processes for the setting of other reference rates in various
 
parts of the world during similar time periods. The Firm is responding to and continuing to cooperate with these inquiries. In December 2013, JPMorgan Chase reached a settlement with the EC regarding its Japanese Yen LIBOR investigation and agreed to pay a fine of €80 million. Investigations by the EC with regard to other reference rates remain open. In May 2014, the EC issued a Statement of Objections outlining its case against the Firm (and others) as to EURIBOR. The Firm will file a response. In January 2014, the Canadian Competition Bureau announced that it has discontinued its investigation related to Yen LIBOR.
In addition, the Firm has been named as a defendant along with other banks in a series of individual and class actions filed in various United States District Courts, in which plaintiffs make varying allegations that in various periods, starting in 2000 or later, defendants either individually or collectively manipulated the U.S. dollar LIBOR, Yen LIBOR, Euroyen TIBOR and/or EURIBOR rates by submitting rates that were artificially low or high. Plaintiffs allege that they transacted in loans, derivatives or other financial instruments whose values are impacted by changes in U.S. dollar LIBOR, Yen LIBOR, Euroyen TIBOR or EURIBOR and assert a variety of claims including antitrust claims seeking treble damages.
The U.S. dollar LIBOR-related purported class actions have been consolidated for pre-trial purposes in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York. In March 2013, the Court granted in part and denied in part the defendants’ motions to dismiss the claims in three lead class actions, including dismissal with prejudice of the antitrust claims, and the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit dismissed the appeals for lack of jurisdiction. In September 2013, class plaintiffs in two of the three lead class actions filed amended complaints and others sought leave to amend their complaints to add additional allegations. Defendants moved to dismiss the amended complaints and opposed the requests to amend. In June 2014, the Court issued a further order granting in part and denying in part defendants’ motions to dismiss the remaining claims. In relation to the Firm, the Court has permitted certain claims under the Commodity Exchange Act and common law claims to proceed. With respect to the third lead class action, which the Court dismissed in its entirety, after plaintiff’s appeal was dismissed by the Second Circuit, plaintiff sought and obtained leave to appeal to the U.S. Supreme Court on the question whether its appeal could proceed before final resolution of the other consolidated class actions. To date, the other U.S. dollar LIBOR cases have been stayed.
The purported class action alleging manipulation of Euroyen TIBOR and Yen LIBOR was filed in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York on behalf of plaintiffs who purchased or sold exchange-traded Euroyen futures and options contracts. In March 2014, the Court granted in part and denied in part the defendants’ motions to dismiss including dismissal of plaintiff’s antitrust and unjust enrichment claims. Defendants have filed


176


motions to reconsider, seeking dismissal of the remaining claims. Plaintiff filed a motion for leave to further amend the complaint to add additional parties and claims.
In March 2014, the Firm was added as a defendant in a putative class action pending in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York relating to the interest rate benchmark EURIBOR.
The Firm was also named as a nominal defendant in a derivative action in the Supreme Court of New York in the County of New York against certain current and former members of the Firm’s board of directors for alleged breach of fiduciary duty in connection with the Firm’s purported role in manipulating LIBOR. In March 2014, the Court granted the defendants’ motion to dismiss and plaintiff did not appeal this decision.
Madoff Litigation and Investigations. Settlements with the court-appointed trustee (the “Trustee”) for Bernard L. Madoff Investment Securities LLC (“BLMIS”) and with plaintiffs representing a class of former BLMIS customers who lost all or a portion of their principal investments with BLMIS have now been approved. Certain customers have opted out of the class action settlement.
Various subsidiaries of the Firm, including J.P. Morgan Securities plc, have been named as defendants in lawsuits filed in Bankruptcy Court in New York arising out of the liquidation proceedings of Fairfield Sentry Limited and Fairfield Sigma Limited (together, “Fairfield”), so-called Madoff feeder funds. These actions seek to recover payments made by the funds to defendants totaling approximately $155 million. All but two of these actions have been dismissed.
In addition, a purported class action was brought by investors in certain feeder funds against JPMorgan Chase in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York, as was a motion by separate potential class plaintiffs to add claims against the Firm and certain subsidiaries to an already pending purported class action in the same court. The allegations in these complaints largely track those raised by the Trustee. The Court dismissed these complaints and plaintiffs have appealed. In September 2013, the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit affirmed the District Court’s decision. The plaintiffs then petitioned the entire Court for a rehearing of the appeal, and in May 2014 the Court denied the petition.
The Firm is a defendant in five other Madoff-related investor actions pending in New York state court. The allegations in all of these actions are essentially identical, and involve claims against the Firm for, among other things, aiding and abetting breach of fiduciary duty, conversion and unjust enrichment. The Firm has moved to dismiss these actions. In May 2014, the parties submitted briefs on the res judicata effect of the class action settlement and a decision is pending.
A purported class action has been filed in the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey by investors who were net winners (i.e., Madoff customers who had taken more money out of their accounts than had been invested)
 
in Madoff’s Ponzi scheme and were not included in the class action settlement. These plaintiffs allege violations of the federal securities law, federal and state racketeering statutes and multiple common law claims including breach of trust, aiding and abetting embezzlement, unjust enrichment, conversion and commercial bad faith. The complaint seeks compensatory damages in the amount of the last statement balance for each plaintiff and punitive damages. A similar action has been filed in the United States District Court for the Middle District of Florida (the “Florida Action”), although it is not styled as a class action, and the plaintiffs, in addition to net winners, include a small number of net loser opt-outs. Plaintiffs filed an amended complaint in the Florida Action which includes only net winners, includes a claim pursuant to a Florida statute and dismisses three common law claims that were included in the earlier complaint.
Three shareholder derivative actions have also been filed in New York federal and state court against the Firm, as nominal defendant, and certain of its current and former Board members, alleging breach of fiduciary duty in connection with the Firm’s relationship with Bernard Madoff and the alleged failure to maintain effective internal controls to detect fraudulent transactions. The actions seek declaratory relief and damages. In July 2014, the federal court granted defendants’ motions to dismiss two of the actions and defendants have filed a motion to dismiss the remaining state court action.
MF Global. J.P. Morgan Securities LLC has been named as one of several defendants in a number of purported class actions filed by purchasers of MF Global’s publicly traded securities asserting violations of federal securities laws and alleging that the offering documents contained materially false and misleading statements and omissions regarding MF Global. The Firm also has responded to inquiries from the CFTC relating to the Firm’s banking and other business relationships with MF Global, including as a depository for MF Global’s customer segregated accounts.
Mortgage-Backed Securities and Repurchase Litigation and Related Regulatory Investigations. JPMorgan Chase and affiliates (together, “JPMC”), Bear Stearns and affiliates (together, “Bear Stearns”) and certain Washington Mutual affiliates (together, “Washington Mutual”) have been named as defendants in a number of cases in their various roles in offerings of mortgage-backed securities (“MBS”). These cases include purported class action suits on behalf of MBS purchasers, actions by individual MBS purchasers and actions by monoline insurance companies that guaranteed payments of principal and interest for particular tranches of MBS offerings. Following the settlements referred to under “Repurchase Litigation” and “Government Enforcement Investigations and Litigation” below, there are currently pending and tolled investor and monoline insurer claims involving MBS with an original principal balance of approximately $48 billion, of which $42 billion involves JPMC, Bear Stearns or Washington Mutual as issuer and $6 billion involves JPMC, Bear Stearns or Washington Mutual solely as underwriter. The Firm and


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certain of its current and former officers and Board members have also been sued in shareholder derivative actions relating to the Firm’s MBS activities, and trustees have asserted or have threatened to assert claims that loans in securitization trusts should be repurchased.
Issuer Litigation – Class Actions. Three purported class actions were brought against JPMC and Bear Stearns as MBS issuers (and, in some cases, also as underwriters of their own MBS offerings) in the United States District Courts for the Eastern and Southern Districts of New York. The Firm has reached an agreement to settle one of these purported class actions, pending in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York. That settlement has received final court approval. Motions to dismiss have largely been denied in the remaining two cases pending in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York, which are in various stages of litigation.
Issuer Litigation – Individual Purchaser Actions. In addition to class actions, the Firm is defending individual actions brought against JPMC, Bear Stearns and Washington Mutual as MBS issuers (and, in some cases, also as underwriters of their own MBS offerings). These actions are pending in federal and state courts across the United States and are in various stages of litigation.
Monoline Insurer Litigation. The Firm is defending two pending actions relating to a monoline insurer’s guarantees of principal and interest on certain classes of 11 different Bear Stearns MBS offerings. These actions are pending in state court in New York and are in various stages of litigation.
Underwriter Actions. In actions against the Firm solely as an underwriter of other issuers’ MBS offerings, the Firm has contractual rights to indemnification from the issuers. However, those indemnity rights may prove effectively unenforceable in various situations, such as where the issuers are now defunct. There are currently such actions pending against the Firm in federal and state courts in various stages of litigation.
Repurchase Litigation. The Firm is defending a number of actions brought by trustees or master servicers of various MBS trusts and others on behalf of purchasers of securities issued by those trusts. These cases generally allege breaches of various representations and warranties regarding securitized loans and seek repurchase of those loans or equivalent monetary relief, as well as indemnification of attorneys’ fees and costs and other remedies. Deutsche Bank National Trust Company, acting as trustee for various MBS trusts, has filed such a suit against JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., Washington Mutual and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (the “FDIC”) in connection with a significant number of MBS issued by Washington Mutual; that case is described in the Washington Mutual Litigations section below. Other repurchase actions, each specific to one or more MBS transactions issued by JPMC and/or Bear Stearns, are in various stages of litigation.
 
In addition, the Firm received threatened litigation demands by securitization trustees, as well as demands by investors directing trustees to investigate claims or bring litigation, which allege obligations to repurchase loans and to address servicing deficiencies. These include but are not limited to a demand from a law firm, as counsel to a group of 21 institutional MBS investors, to various trustees to investigate potential repurchase and servicing claims. These investors purported to have 25% or more of the voting rights in trusts sponsored by the Firm or its affiliates with an original principal balance of more than $174 billion (excluding 52 trusts sponsored by Washington Mutual, with an original principal balance of more than $58 billion). Pursuant to a settlement agreement, JPMC and this investor group have made a binding offer to the trustees of MBS issued by JPMC and Bear Stearns providing for the payment of $4.5 billion and the implementation of certain servicing changes by JPMC, to resolve all repurchase and servicing claims that have been asserted or could have been asserted with respect to the 330 MBS trusts. The offer, which is subject to acceptance by the trustees, and potentially a judicial approval process, does not resolve claims relating to Washington Mutual MBS. On August 1, 2014, the trustees announced their determination to accept the offer in whole or in part for 310 of the 330 MBS trusts and to proceed with seeking judicial approval of such acceptance. The trustees rejected the settlement offer in whole or in part for six trusts that are subject to pending monoline insurer or repurchase litigation, and received a 60-day extension to solicit investor direction on whether the offer should be accepted for an additional 14 trusts and for certain loan groups in 13 trusts for which the offer was accepted in part on August 1, 2014.
There are additional repurchase and servicing claims made against trustees not affiliated with the Firm but involving trusts that the Firm sponsored.
Derivative Actions. Shareholder derivative actions relating to the Firm’s MBS activities have been filed against the Firm, as nominal defendant, and certain of its current and former officers and members of its Board of Directors, in New York state court and California federal court. Two of the New York actions have been dismissed and defendants have filed, or intend to file, motions to dismiss the remaining actions.
Government Enforcement Investigations and Litigation. The Firm is responding to an ongoing investigation being conducted by the Criminal Division of the United States Attorney’s Office for the Eastern District of California relating to MBS offerings securitized and sold by the Firm and its subsidiaries. The Firm has also received other subpoenas and informal requests for information from federal and state authorities concerning the issuance and underwriting of MBS-related matters. The Firm continues to respond to these MBS-related regulatory inquiries.
In addition, the Firm is responding to and continuing to cooperate with requests for information from the U.S. Attorney’s Office for the District of Connecticut, subpoenas and requests from the SEC Division of Enforcement, and a


178


request from the Office of the Special Inspector General for the Troubled Asset Relief Program to conduct a review of certain activities, all of which relate to, among other matters, communications with counterparties in connection with certain secondary market trading in residential and commercial MBS.
The Firm has entered into agreements with a number of entities that purchased MBS that toll applicable limitations periods with respect to their claims, and has settled, and in the future may settle, tolled claims. There is no assurance that the Firm will not be named as a defendant in additional MBS-related litigation.
Mortgage-Related Investigations and Litigation. The Attorney General of Massachusetts filed an action against the Firm, other servicers and a mortgage recording company, asserting claims for various alleged wrongdoings relating to mortgage assignments and use of the industry’s electronic mortgage registry. The court granted in part and denied in part the defendants’ motion to dismiss the action, which remains pending.
The Firm is named as a defendant in a purported class action lawsuit relating to its mortgage foreclosure procedures. The plaintiffs have moved for class certification.
One shareholder derivative action has been filed in New York Supreme Court against the Firm’s Board of Directors alleging that the Board failed to exercise adequate oversight as to wrongful conduct by the Firm regarding mortgage servicing. In June 2014, defendants filed a motion to dismiss, which is pending.
The Civil Division of the United States Attorney’s Office for the Southern District of New York is conducting an investigation concerning the Firm’s compliance with the Fair Housing Act (“FHA”) and Equal Credit Opportunity Act (“ECOA”) in connection with its mortgage lending practices. In addition, three municipalities have commenced litigation against the Firm alleging violations of the FHA and ECOA and seeking damages in the form of lost tax revenue and increased municipal costs associated with foreclosed properties. A motion to dismiss has been filed in one of the actions.
JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. is responding to inquiries by the Executive Office of the U.S. Bankruptcy Trustee and various regional U.S. Bankruptcy Trustees relating to mortgage payment change notices and escrow statements in bankruptcy proceedings.
Municipal Derivatives Litigation. Several civil actions were commenced in New York and Alabama courts against the Firm relating to certain Jefferson County, Alabama (the “County”) warrant underwritings and swap transactions. The claims in the civil actions generally alleged that the Firm made payments to certain third parties in exchange for being chosen to underwrite more than $3 billion in warrants issued by the County and to act as the counterparty for certain swaps executed by the County. The County filed for bankruptcy in November 2011. In June 2013, the County filed a Chapter 9 Plan of Adjustment, as amended (the “Plan of Adjustment”), which provided that
 
all the above-described actions against the Firm would be released and dismissed with prejudice. In November 2013, the Bankruptcy Court confirmed the Plan of Adjustment, and in December 2013, certain sewer rate payers filed an appeal challenging the confirmation of the Plan of Adjustment. All conditions to the Plan of Adjustment’s effectiveness, including the dismissal of the actions against the Firm, were satisfied or waived and the transactions contemplated by the Plan of Adjustment occurred in December 2013. Accordingly, all the above-described actions against the Firm have been dismissed pursuant to the terms of the Plan of Adjustment. The appeal of the Bankruptcy Court’s order confirming the Plan of Adjustment remains pending.
Petters Bankruptcy and Related Matters. JPMorgan Chase and certain of its affiliates, including One Equity Partners (“OEP”), have been named as defendants in several actions filed in connection with the receivership and bankruptcy proceedings pertaining to Thomas J. Petters and certain affiliated entities (collectively, “Petters”) and the Polaroid Corporation. The principal actions against JPMorgan Chase and its affiliates have been brought by a court-appointed receiver for Petters and the trustees in bankruptcy proceedings for three Petters entities. These actions generally seek to avoid certain purported transfers in connection with (i) the 2005 acquisition by Petters of Polaroid, which at the time was majority-owned by OEP; (ii) two credit facilities that JPMorgan Chase and other financial institutions entered into with Polaroid; and (iii) a credit line and investment accounts held by Petters. The actions collectively seek recovery of approximately $450 million. Defendants have moved to dismiss the complaints in the actions filed by the Petters bankruptcy trustees.
Power Matters. The United States Attorney’s Office for the Southern District of New York is investigating matters relating to the bidding activities that were the subject of the July 2013 settlement between J.P. Morgan Ventures Energy Corp. and the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission. The Firm is responding to and cooperating with the investigation.
Referral Hiring Practices Investigations. Various regulators are investigating, among other things, the Firm’s compliance with the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and other laws with respect to the Firm’s hiring practices related to candidates referred by clients, potential clients and government officials, and its engagement of consultants in the Asia Pacific region. The Firm is responding to and continuing to cooperate with these investigations.
Sworn Documents, Debt Sales and Collection Litigation Practices. The Firm has been responding to formal and informal inquiries from various state and federal regulators regarding practices involving credit card collections litigation (including with respect to sworn documents), the sale of consumer credit card debt and securities backed by credit card receivables.
Separately, the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau and multiple state Attorneys General are conducting investigations into the Firm’s collection and sale of


179


consumer credit card debt. The California and Mississippi Attorneys General have filed separate civil actions against JPMorgan Chase & Co., Chase Bank USA, N.A. and Chase BankCard Services, Inc. alleging violations of law relating to debt collection practices.
Washington Mutual Litigations. Proceedings related to Washington Mutual’s failure are pending before the United States District Court for the District of Columbia and include a lawsuit brought by Deutsche Bank National Trust Company, initially against the FDIC and amended to include JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. as a defendant, asserting an estimated $6 billion to $10 billion in damages based upon alleged breach of various mortgage securitization agreements and alleged violation of certain representations and warranties given by certain Washington Mutual affiliates in connection with those securitization agreements. The case includes assertions that JPMorgan Chase may have assumed liabilities for the alleged breaches of representations and warranties in the mortgage securitization agreements. The District Court denied as premature motions by JPMorgan Chase and the FDIC that sought a ruling on whether the FDIC retained liability for Deutsche Bank’s claims. The defendants have filed additional motions as to that issue.
An action filed by certain holders of Washington Mutual Bank debt against JPMorgan Chase, which alleges that JPMorgan Chase acquired substantially all of the assets of Washington Mutual Bank from the FDIC at a price that was allegedly too low, remains pending. JPMorgan Chase and the FDIC moved to dismiss this action and the District Court dismissed the case except as to the plaintiffs’ claim that JPMorgan Chase tortiously interfered with the plaintiffs’ bond contracts with Washington Mutual Bank prior to its closure. Discovery is ongoing.
JPMorgan Chase has also filed a complaint in the United States District Court for the District of Columbia against the FDIC in its capacity as receiver for Washington Mutual Bank and in its corporate capacity asserting multiple claims for indemnification under the terms of the Purchase & Assumption Agreement between JPMorgan Chase and the FDIC relating to JPMorgan Chase’s purchase of most of the assets and certain liabilities of Washington Mutual Bank.
* * *
In addition to the various legal proceedings discussed above, JPMorgan Chase and its subsidiaries are named as defendants or are otherwise involved in a substantial number of other legal proceedings. The Firm believes it has meritorious defenses to the claims asserted against it in its currently outstanding legal proceedings and it intends to defend itself vigorously in all such matters. Additional legal proceedings may be initiated from time to time in the future.
The Firm has established reserves for several hundred of its currently outstanding legal proceedings. In accordance with the provisions of U.S. GAAP for contingencies, the Firm accrues for a litigation-related liability when it is probable that such a liability has been incurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. The Firm evaluates its
 
outstanding legal proceedings each quarter to assess its litigation reserves, and makes adjustments in such reserves, upwards or downward, as appropriate, based on management’s best judgment after consultation with counsel. The Firm incurred legal expense of $669 million and $678 million during the three months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively, and $707 million and $1.0 billion during the six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively. There is no assurance that the Firm’s litigation reserves will not need to be adjusted in the future.
In view of the inherent difficulty of predicting the outcome of legal proceedings, particularly where the claimants seek very large or indeterminate damages, or where the matters present novel legal theories, involve a large number of parties or are in early stages of discovery, the Firm cannot state with confidence what will be the eventual outcomes of the currently pending matters, the timing of their ultimate resolution or the eventual losses, fines, penalties or impact related to those matters. JPMorgan Chase believes, based upon its current knowledge, after consultation with counsel and after taking into account its current litigation reserves, that the legal proceedings currently pending against it should not have a material adverse effect on the Firm’s consolidated financial condition. The Firm notes, however, that in light of the uncertainties involved in such proceedings, there is no assurance the ultimate resolution of these matters will not significantly exceed the reserves it has currently accrued; as a result, the outcome of a particular matter may be material to JPMorgan Chase’s operating results for a particular period, depending on, among other factors, the size of the loss or liability imposed and the level of JPMorgan Chase’s income for that period.



180


Note 24 – Business segments
The Firm is managed on a line of business basis. There are four major reportable business segments – Consumer & Community Banking, Corporate & Investment Bank, Commercial Banking and Asset Management. In addition, there is a Corporate/Private Equity segment. The business segments are determined based on the products and services provided, or the type of customer served, and they reflect the manner in which financial information is currently evaluated by management. Results of these lines of business are presented on a managed basis. For a further discussion concerning JPMorgan Chase’s business segments, see Business Segment Results on page 19 of this Form
10-Q, and pages 84–85 and Note 33 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.
 
Segment results
The accompanying tables provide a summary of the Firm’s segment results for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, on a managed basis. Total net revenue (noninterest revenue and net interest income) for each of the segments is presented on a fully taxable-equivalent (“FTE”) basis. Accordingly, revenue from investments that receive tax credits and tax-exempt securities is presented in the managed results on a basis comparable to taxable investments and securities. This non-GAAP financial measure allows management to assess the comparability of revenue arising from both taxable and tax-exempt sources. The corresponding income tax impact related to tax-exempt items is recorded within income tax expense/(benefit).
Effective January 1, 2014, the Firm revised the capital allocated to certain businesses and will continue to assess the level of capital required for each line of business, as well as the assumptions and methodologies used to allocate capital to the business segments. Further refinements may be implemented in future periods.

Segment results and reconciliation(a)
As of or for the three months ended June 30,
(in millions, except ratios)
Consumer &
Community Banking
 
Corporate &
Investment Bank
 
Commercial Banking
 
Asset Management
2014
2013
 
2014
2013
 
2014
2013
 
2014
2013
Noninterest revenue
$
4,468

$
4,921

 
$
6,531

$
7,171

 
$
577

$
551

 
$
2,380

$
2,156

Net interest income
6,963

7,094

 
2,460

2,705

 
1,124

1,177

 
576

569

Total net revenue
11,431

12,015

 
8,991

9,876

 
1,701

1,728

 
2,956

2,725

Provision for credit losses
852

(19
)
 
(84
)
(6
)
 
(67
)
44

 
1

23

Noninterest expense
6,456

6,864

 
6,058

5,742

 
675

652

 
2,062

1,892

Income/(loss) before
income tax expense/(benefit)
4,123

5,170

 
3,017

4,140

 
1,093

1,032

 
893

810

Income tax expense/(benefit)
1,680

2,081

 
1,054

1,302

 
435

411

 
341

310

Net income/(loss)
$
2,443

$
3,089

 
$
1,963

$
2,838

 
$
658

$
621

 
$
552

$
500

Average common equity
$
51,000

$
46,000

 
$
61,000

$
56,500

 
$
14,000

$
13,500

 
$
9,000

$
9,000

Total assets
447,277

460,642

 
873,288

873,527

 
192,523

184,124

 
128,362

115,157

Return on average common equity
19
%
27
%
 
13
%
20
%
 
19
%
18
%
 
25
%
22
%
Overhead ratio
56

57

 
67

58

 
40

38

 
70

69


As of or for the three months ended June 30,
(in millions, except ratios)
Corporate/Private Equity
 
Reconciling Items(b)
 
Total
2014
2013
 
2014
2013
 
2014
2013
Noninterest revenue
$
351

$
290

 
$
(651
)
$
(582
)
 
$
13,656

$
14,507

Net interest income
(81
)
(676
)
 
(244
)
(165
)
 
10,798

10,704

Total net revenue
270

(386
)
 
(895
)
(747
)
 
24,454

25,211

Provision for credit losses
(10
)
5

 


 
692

47

Noninterest expense
180

716

 


 
15,431

15,866

Income/(loss) before income tax expense/(benefit)
100

(1,107
)
 
(895
)
(747
)
 
8,331

9,298

Income tax expense/(benefit)
(269
)
(555
)
 
(895
)
(747
)
 
2,346

2,802

Net income/(loss)
$
369

$
(552
)
 
$

$

 
$
5,985

$
6,496

Average common equity
$
71,159

$
72,283

 
$

$

 
$
206,159

$
197,283

Total assets
878,886

806,044

 
NA

NA

 
2,520,336

2,439,494

Return on average common equity
NM

NM

 
NM

NM

 
11
%
13
%
Overhead ratio
NM

NM

 
NM

NM

 
63

63




181


Segment results and reconciliation(a)
As of or for the six months ended June 30,
(in millions, except ratios)
Consumer &
Community Banking
 
Corporate &
Investment Bank
 
Commercial Banking
 
Asset Management
2014
2013
 
2014
2013
 
2014
2013
 
2014
2013
Noninterest revenue
$
7,902

$
9,327

 
$
12,767

$
14,528

 
$
1,135

$
1,086

 
$
4,598

$
4,250

Net interest income
13,989

14,303

 
4,830

5,488

 
2,217

2,315

 
1,136

1,128

Total net revenue
21,891

23,630

 
17,597

20,016

 
3,352

3,401

 
5,734

5,378

Provision for credit losses
1,668

530

 
(35
)
5

 
(62
)
83

 
(8
)
44

Noninterest expense
12,893

13,654

 
11,662

11,853

 
1,361

1,296

 
4,137

3,768

Income/(loss) before
income tax expense/(benefit)
7,330

9,446

 
5,970

8,158

 
2,053

2,022

 
1,605

1,566

Income tax expense/(benefit)
2,951

3,771

 
2,028

2,710

 
817

805

 
612

579

Net income/(loss)
$
4,379

$
5,675

 
$
3,942

$
5,448

 
$
1,236

$
1,217

 
$
993

$
987

Average common equity
$
51,000

$
46,000

 
$
61,000

$
56,500

 
$
14,000

$
13,500

 
$
9,000

$
9,000

Total assets
447,277

460,642

 
873,288

873,527

 
192,523

184,124

 
128,362

115,157

Return on average common equity
17
%
25
%
 
13
%
19
%
 
18
%
18
%
 
22
%
22
%
Overhead ratio
59

58

 
66

59

 
41

38

 
72

70


As of or for the six months ended June 30,
(in millions, except ratios)
Corporate/Private Equity
 
Reconciling Items(b)
 
Total
2014
2013
 
2014
2013
 
2014
2013
Noninterest revenue
$
875

$
651

 
$
(1,295
)
$
(1,146
)
 
$
25,982

$
28,696

Net interest income
(237
)
(1,270
)
 
(470
)
(327
)
 
21,465

21,637

Total net revenue
638

(619
)
 
(1,765
)
(1,473
)
 
47,447

50,333

Provision for credit losses
(21
)
2

 


 
1,542

664

Noninterest expense
14

718

 


 
30,067

31,289

Income/(loss) before income tax expense/(benefit)
645

(1,339
)
 
(1,765
)
(1,473
)
 
15,838

18,380

Income tax expense/(benefit)
(64
)
(1,037
)
 
(1,765
)
(1,473
)
 
4,579

5,355

Net income/(loss)
$
709

$
(302
)
 
$

$

 
$
11,259

$
13,025

Average common equity
$
68,989

$
71,016

 
$

$

 
$
203,989

$
196,016

Total assets
878,886

806,044

 
NA

NA

 
2,520,336

2,439,494

Return on average common equity
NM

NM

 
NM

NM

 
11
%
13
%
Overhead ratio
NM

NM

 
NM

NM

 
63

62

(a)
Managed basis starts with the reported U.S. GAAP results and includes certain reclassifications that do not have any impact on net income as reported by the lines of business or by the Firm as a whole.
(b)
Segment managed results reflect revenue on a FTE basis with the corresponding income tax impact recorded within income tax expense/(benefit). These FTE adjustments are eliminated in reconciling items to arrive at the Firm’s reported U.S. GAAP results.

182


Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm


To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of JPMorgan Chase & Co.:
We have reviewed the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of JPMorgan Chase & Co. and its subsidiaries (the “Firm”) as of June 30, 2014, and the related consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income for the three-month and six-month periods ended June 30, 2014 and June 30, 2013, and the consolidated statements of changes in stockholders’ equity and cash flows for the six-month periods ended June 30, 2014 and June 30, 2013, included in the Firm’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended June 30, 2014. These interim financial statements are the responsibility of the Firm’s management.
We conducted our review in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). A review of interim financial information consists principally of applying analytical procedures and making inquiries of persons responsible for financial and accounting matters. It is substantially less in scope than an audit conducted in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the objective of which is the expression of an opinion regarding the financial statements taken as a whole. Accordingly, we do not express such an opinion.
Based on our review, we are not aware of any material modifications that should be made to the accompanying consolidated interim financial statements for them to be in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
 


We previously audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2013, and the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, changes in stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for the year then ended (not presented herein), and in our report dated February 19, 2014, we expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements. In our opinion, the information set forth in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2013, is fairly stated in all material respects in relation to the consolidated balance sheet from which it has been derived.

August 4, 2014




























PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, 300 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10017

183


JPMorgan Chase & Co.
Consolidated average balance sheets, interest and rates
(Taxable-equivalent interest and rates; in millions, except rates)
 
 
 
 
 
Three months ended June 30, 2014
 
Three months ended June 30, 2013
 
Average
balance
Interest(d)
 
Rate
(annualized)
 
Average
balance
Interest(d)
 
Rate
(annualized)
Assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Deposits with banks
$
334,953

$
279

 
0.33
 %
 
 
$
265,821

$
222

 
0.34
%
 
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under resale agreements
237,440

398

 
0.67

 
 
231,972

490

 
0.85

 
Securities borrowed(a)
114,905

(131
)
 
(0.46
)
 
 
115,194

(30
)
 
(0.11
)
 
Trading assets – debt instruments
204,242

1,846

 
3.62

 
 
240,952

2,145

(f) 
3.57

(f) 
Securities
353,278

2,457

 
2.79

(e) 
 
359,108

1,882

 
2.10

(e) 
Loans
737,613

8,084

 
4.40

 
 
727,499

8,381

 
4.62

 
Other assets(b)
41,514

172

 
1.66

 
 
39,920

147

 
1.48

 
Total interest-earning assets
2,023,945

13,105

 
2.60

 
 
1,980,466

13,237

(f) 
2.68

(f) 
Allowance for loan losses
(15,729
)
 
 
 
 
 
(20,775
)
 
 
 
 
Cash and due from banks
26,294

 
 
 
 
 
39,700

 
 
 
 
Trading assets – equity instruments
121,184

 
 
 
 
 
116,333

 
 
 
 
Trading assets – derivative receivables
60,830

 
 
 
 
 
75,310

 
 
 
 
Goodwill
48,084

 
 
 
 
 
48,078

 
 
 
 
Other intangible assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mortgage servicing rights
8,298

 
 
 
 
 
8,229

 
 
 
 
Purchased credit card relationships
63

 
 
 
 
 
239

 
 
 
 
Other intangibles
1,354

 
 
 
 
 
1,787

 
 
 
 
Other assets
146,313

 
 
 
 
 
150,603

 
 
 
 
Total assets
$
2,420,636

 
 
 
 
 
$
2,399,970

 
 
 
 
Liabilities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest-bearing deposits
$
863,163

$
417

 
0.19
 %
 
 
$
810,096

$
539

 
0.27
%
 
Federal funds purchased and securities loaned or sold under repurchase agreements
212,555

160

 
0.30

 
 
264,240

159

 
0.24

 
Commercial paper
59,760

34

 
0.23

 
 
54,391

29

 
0.21

 
Trading liabilities – debt, short-term and other liabilities(c)
221,001

261

 
0.48

 
 
201,668

254

(f) 
0.50

(f) 
Beneficial interests issued by consolidated VIEs
47,407

105

 
0.89

 
 
56,742

126

 
0.89

 
Long-term debt
271,194

1,086

 
1.61

 
 
270,796

1,261

 
1.87

 
Total interest-bearing liabilities
1,675,080

2,063

 
0.49

 
 
1,657,933

2,368

(f) 
0.57

(f) 
Noninterest-bearing deposits
380,836

 
 
 
 
 
363,537

 
 
 
 
Trading liabilities – equity instruments
15,505

 
 
 
 
 
13,737

 
 
 
 
Trading liabilities – derivative payables
49,487

 
 
 
 
 
66,246

 
 
 
 
All other liabilities, including the allowance for lending-related commitments
77,806

 
 
 
 
 
90,139

 
 
 
 
Total liabilities
2,198,714

 
 
 
 
 
2,191,592

 
 
 
 
Stockholders’ equity
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Preferred stock
15,763

 
 
 
 
 
11,095

 
 
 
 
Common stockholders’ equity
206,159

 
 
 
 
 
197,283

 
 
 
 
Total stockholders’ equity
221,922

 
 
 
 
 
208,378

 
 
 
 
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
$
2,420,636

 
 
 
 
 
$
2,399,970

 
 
 
 
Interest rate spread
 
 
 
2.11
 %
 
 
 
 
 
2.11
%
 
Net interest income and net yield on interest-earning assets
 
$
11,042

 
2.19

 
 
 
$
10,869

 
2.20

 
(a)
Negative interest income and yield is a result of increased client-driven demand for certain securities combined with the impact of low interest rates; the offset of this matched book activity is reflected as lower net interest expense reported within trading liabilities - debt, short-term and other liabilities.
(b)
Includes margin loans.
(c)
Includes brokerage customer payables.
(d)
Interest includes the effect of related hedging derivatives. Taxable-equivalent amounts are used where applicable.
(e)
For the three months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, the annualized rates for Securities, based on amortized cost, were 2.85% and 2.16%, respectively; this does not give effect to changes in fair value that are reflected in accumulated other comprehensive income/(loss).
(f)
Effective January 1, 2014, prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform with the current period presentation.


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JPMorgan Chase & Co.
Consolidated average balance sheets, interest and rates
(Taxable-equivalent interest and rates; in millions, except rates)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Six months ended June 30, 2014
 
Six months ended June 30, 2013
 
Average
balance
Interest(d)
 
Rate
(annualized)
 
Average
balance
Interest(d)
 
Rate
(annualized)
Assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Deposits with banks
$
327,085

$
535

 
0.33
 %
 
 
$
211,705

$
385

 
0.37
%
 
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under resale agreements
241,395

834

 
0.70

 
 
231,699

1,004

 
0.87

 
Securities borrowed(a)
116,556

(219
)
 
(0.38
)
 
 
117,751

(36
)
 
(0.06
)
 
Trading assets – debt instruments
203,319

3,637

 
3.61

 
 
245,700

4,380

(f) 
3.59

(f) 
Securities
351,037

4,839

 
2.78

(e) 
 
363,864

3,869

 
2.14

(e) 
Loans
733,982

16,164

 
4.44

 
 
726,318

16,935

 
4.70

 
Other assets(b)
41,472

334

 
1.62

 
 
41,471

227

 
1.10

 
Total interest-earning assets
2,014,846

26,124

 
2.61

 
 
1,938,508

26,764

(f) 
2.78

(f) 
Allowance for loan losses
(15,948
)
 
 
 
 
 
(21,315
)
 
 
 
 
Cash and due from banks
27,014

 
 
 
 
 
43,246

 
 
 
 
Trading assets – equity instruments
116,878

 
 
 
 
 
118,252

 
 
 
 
Trading assets – derivative receivables
62,814

 
 
 
 
 
75,115

 
 
 
 
Goodwill
48,069

 
 
 
 
 
48,123

 
 
 
 
Other intangible assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mortgage servicing rights
8,760

 
 
 
 
 
8,188

 
 
 
 
Purchased credit card relationships
86

 
 
 
 
 
253

 
 
 
 
Other intangibles
1,397

 
 
 
 
 
1,840

 
 
 
 
Other assets
147,804

 
 
 
 
 
149,005

 
 
 
 
Total assets
$
2,411,720

 
 
 
 
 
$
2,361,215

 
 
 
 
Liabilities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest-bearing deposits
$
864,952

$
843

 
0.20
 %
 
 
$
799,045

$
1,084

 
0.27
%
 
Federal funds purchased and securities loaned or sold under repurchase agreements
206,769

322

 
0.31

 
 
257,571

326

 
0.25

 
Commercial paper
59,224

67

 
0.23

 
 
53,741

55

 
0.21

 
Trading liabilities – debt, short-term and other liabilities(c)
217,922

494

 
0.46

 
 
193,293

519

(f) 
0.54

(f) 
Beneficial interests issued by consolidated VIEs
48,228

210

 
0.88

 
 
58,531

260

 
0.90

 
Long-term debt
270,303

2,253

 
1.68

 
 
262,606

2,556

 
1.96

 
Total interest-bearing liabilities
1,667,398

4,189

 
0.51

 
 
1,624,787

4,800

(f) 
0.60

(f) 
Noninterest-bearing deposits
379,187

 
 
 
 
 
359,746

 
 
 
 
Trading liabilities – equity instruments
15,966

 
 
 
 
 
13,471

 
 
 
 
Trading liabilities – derivative payables
51,305

 
 
 
 
 
67,458

 
 
 
 
All other liabilities, including the allowance for lending-related commitments
79,209

 
 
 
 
 
89,382

 
 
 
 
Total liabilities
2,193,065

 
 
 
 
 
2,154,844

 
 
 
 
Stockholders’ equity
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Preferred stock
14,666

 
 
 
 
 
10,355

 
 
 
 
Common stockholders’ equity
203,989

 
 
 
 
 
196,016

 
 
 
 
Total stockholders’ equity
218,655

 
 
 
 
 
206,371

 
 
 
 
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
$
2,411,720

 
 
 
 
 
$
2,361,215

 
 
 
 
Interest rate spread
 
 
 
2.10
 %
 
 
 
 
 
2.18
%
 
Net interest income and net yield on interest-earning assets
 
$
21,935

 
2.20

 
 
 
$
21,964

 
2.28

 
(a)
Negative interest income and yield is a result of increased client-driven demand for certain securities combined with the impact of low interest rates; the offset of this matched book activity is reflected as lower net interest expense reported within trading liabilities - debt, short-term and other liabilities.
(b)
Includes margin loans.
(c)
Includes brokerage customer payables.
(d)
Interest includes the effect of related hedging derivatives. Taxable-equivalent amounts are used where applicable.
(e)
For the six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, the annualized rates for Securities, based on amortized cost, were 2.83% and 2.20%, respectively; this does not give effect to changes in fair value that are reflected in accumulated other comprehensive income/(loss).
(f)
Effective January 1, 2014, prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform with the current period presentation.



185


GLOSSARY OF TERMS
Active foreclosures: Loans referred to foreclosure where formal foreclosure proceedings are ongoing. Includes both judicial and non-judicial states.
Allowance for loan losses to total loans: Represents period-end allowance for loan losses divided by retained loans.
Beneficial interests issued by consolidated VIEs: Represents the interest of third-party holders of debt, equity securities, or other obligations, issued by VIEs that JPMorgan Chase consolidates.
Benefit obligation: Refers to the projected benefit obligation for pension plans and the accumulated postretirement benefit obligation for OPEB plans.
Credit derivatives: Financial instruments whose value is derived from the credit risk associated with the debt of a third party issuer (the reference entity) which allow one party (the protection purchaser) to transfer that risk to another party (the protection seller). Upon the occurrence of a credit event by the reference entity, which may include, among other events, the bankruptcy or failure to pay its obligations, or certain restructurings of the debt of the reference entity, neither party has recourse to the reference entity. The protection purchaser has recourse to the protection seller for the difference between the face value of the CDS contract and the fair value at the time of settling the credit derivative contract. The determination as to whether a credit event has occurred is generally made by the relevant International Swaps and Derivatives Association (“ISDA”) Determinations Committee.
CUSIP number: A CUSIP (i.e., Committee on Uniform Securities Identification Procedures) number consists of nine characters (including letters and numbers) that uniquely identify a company or issuer and the type of security and is assigned by the American Bankers Association and operated by Standard & Poor’s. This system facilitates the clearing and settlement process of securities. A similar system is used to identify non- U.S. securities (CUSIP International Numbering System).
Exchange traded derivatives: Derivative contracts that are executed on an exchange and settled via a central clearing house.
FICO score: A measure of consumer credit risk provided by credit bureaus, typically produced from statistical models by Fair Isaac Corporation utilizing data collected by the credit bureaus.
Forward points: Represents the interest rate differential between two currencies, which is either added to or subtracted from the current exchange rate (i.e., “spot rate”) to determine the forward exchange rate.
Group of Seven (“G7”) nations: Countries in the G7 are Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom and the United States.
 
G7 government bonds: Bonds issued by the government of one of the G7 nations.
Headcount-related expense: Includes salary and benefits (excluding performance-based incentives), and other noncompensation costs related to employees.
Home equity - senior lien: Represents loans and commitments where JPMorgan Chase holds the first security interest on the property.
Home equity - junior lien: Represents loans and commitments where JPMorgan Chase holds a security interest that is subordinate in rank to other liens.
Investment-grade: An indication of credit quality based on JPMorgan Chase’s internal risk assessment system. “Investment grade” generally represents a risk profile similar to a rating of a “BBB-”/“Baa3” or better, as defined by S&P and Moody’s.
LLC: Limited Liability Company.
Loan-to-value (“LTV”) ratio: For residential real estate loans, the relationship, expressed as a percentage, between the principal amount of a loan and the appraised value of the collateral (i.e., residential real estate) securing the loan.
Current estimated LTV ratio
An estimate of the LTV as of a certain date. The current estimated LTV ratios are calculated using estimated collateral values derived from a nationally recognized home price index measured at the metropolitan statistical area (“MSA”) level. These MSA-level home price indices comprise actual data to the extent available and forecasted data where actual data is not available. As a result, the estimated collateral values used to calculate these ratios do not represent actual appraised loan-level collateral values; as such, the resulting LTV ratios are necessarily imprecise and should therefore be viewed as estimates.
Combined LTV ratio
The LTV ratio considering all available lien positions, as well as unused lines, related to the property. Combined LTV ratios are used for junior lien home equity products.
Managed basis: A non-GAAP presentation of financial results that includes reclassifications to present revenue on a fully taxable-equivalent basis. Management uses this non- GAAP financial measure at the segment level, because it believes this provides information to enable investors to understand the underlying operational performance and trends of the particular business segment and facilitates a comparison of the business segment with the performance of competitors.
Master netting agreement: An agreement between two counterparties who have multiple contracts with each other that provides for the net settlement of all contracts, as well as cash collateral, through a single payment, in a single currency, in the event of default on or termination of any one contract.


186


Mortgage product types:
Alt-A
Alt-A loans are generally higher in credit quality than subprime loans but have characteristics that would disqualify the borrower from a traditional prime loan. Alt-A lending characteristics may include one or more of the following: (i) limited documentation; (ii) a high combined loan-to-value (“CLTV”) ratio; (iii) loans secured by non-owner occupied properties; or (iv) a debt-to-income ratio above normal limits. A substantial proportion of the Firm’s Alt-A loans are those where a borrower does not provide complete documentation of his or her assets or the amount or source of his or her income.
Option ARMs
The option ARM real estate loan product is an adjustable-rate mortgage loan that provides the borrower with the option each month to make a fully amortizing, interest-only or minimum payment. The minimum payment on an option ARM loan is based on the interest rate charged during the introductory period. This introductory rate is usually significantly below the fully indexed rate. The fully indexed rate is calculated using an index rate plus a margin. Once the introductory period ends, the contractual interest rate charged on the loan increases to the fully indexed rate and adjusts monthly to reflect movements in the index. The minimum payment is typically insufficient to cover interest accrued in the prior month, and any unpaid interest is deferred and added to the principal balance of the loan. Option ARM loans are subject to payment recast, which converts the loan to a variable-rate fully amortizing loan upon meeting specified loan balance and anniversary date triggers.
Prime
Prime mortgage loans are made to borrowers with good credit records and a monthly income at least three to four times greater than their monthly housing expense (mortgage payments plus taxes and other debt payments). These borrowers provide full documentation and generally have reliable payment histories.
Subprime
Subprime loans are loans to customers with one or more high risk characteristics, including but not limited to: (i) unreliable or poor payment histories; (ii) a high LTV ratio of greater than 80% (without borrower-paid mortgage insurance); (iii) a high debt-to-income ratio; (iv) an occupancy type for the loan is other than the borrower’s primary residence; or (v) a history of delinquencies or late payments on the loan.
NA: Data is not applicable or available for the period presented.
Net charge-off/(recovery) rate: Represents net charge-offs/(recoveries) (annualized) divided by average retained loans for the reporting period.
 
Net yield on interest-earning assets: The average rate for interest-earning assets less the average rate paid for all sources of funds.
NM: Not meaningful.
Over-the-counter derivatives (“OTC”): Derivative contracts that are negotiated, executed and settled bilaterally between two derivative counterparties, where one or both counterparties is a derivatives dealer.
Over-the-counter cleared derivatives (“OTC cleared”): Derivative contracts that are negotiated and executed bilaterally, but subsequently settled via a central clearing house, such that each derivative counterparty is only exposed to the default of that clearing house.
Overhead ratio: Noninterest expense as a percentage of total net revenue.
Participating securities: Represents unvested stock-based compensation awards containing nonforfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents (collectively, “dividends”), which are included in the earnings per share calculation using the two-class method. JPMorgan Chase grants restricted stock and RSUs to certain employees under its stock-based compensation programs, which entitle the recipients to receive nonforfeitable dividends during the vesting period on a basis equivalent to the dividends paid to holders of common stock. These unvested awards meet the definition of participating securities. Under the two-class method, all earnings (distributed and undistributed) are allocated to each class of common stock and participating securities, based on their respective rights to receive dividends.
Pre-provision profit/(loss): Represents total net revenue less noninterest expense. The Firm believes that this financial measure is useful in assessing the ability of a lending institution to generate income in excess of its provision for credit losses.
Principal transactions revenue: Principal transactions revenue includes realized and unrealized gains and losses recorded on derivatives, other financial instruments, private equity investments, and physical commodities used in market-making and client-driven activities. In addition, Principal transactions revenue also includes certain realized and unrealized gains and losses related to hedge accounting and specified risk management activities including: (a) certain derivatives designated in qualifying hedge accounting relationships (primarily fair value hedges of commodity and foreign exchange risk), (b) certain derivatives used for specified risk management purposes, primarily to mitigate credit risk, foreign exchange risk and commodity risk, and (c) other derivatives.
Purchased credit-impaired (“PCI”) loans: Represents loans that were acquired in the Washington Mutual transaction and deemed to be credit-impaired on the acquisition date in accordance with the guidance of the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”). The guidance allows purchasers to aggregate credit-impaired loans acquired in the same


187


fiscal quarter into one or more pools, provided that the loans have common risk characteristics (e.g., product type, LTV ratios, FICO scores, past due status, geographic location). A pool is then accounted for as a single asset with a single composite interest rate and an aggregate expectation of cash flows.
Receivables from customers: Primarily represents margin loans to prime and retail brokerage customers which are included in accrued interest and accounts receivable on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Reported basis: Financial statements prepared under U.S. GAAP, which excludes the impact of taxable-equivalent adjustments.
Retained loans: Loans that are held-for-investment (i.e. excludes loans held-for-sale and loans at fair value).
Risk-weighted assets (“RWA”): Risk-weighted assets consist of on- and off-balance sheet assets that are assigned to one of several broad risk categories and weighted by factors representing their risk and potential for default. On-balance sheet assets are risk-weighted based on the perceived credit risk associated with the obligor or counterparty, the nature of any collateral, and the guarantor, if any. Off-balance sheet assets such as lending-related commitments, guarantees, derivatives and other applicable off-balance sheet positions are risk-weighted by multiplying the contractual amount by the appropriate credit conversion factor to determine the on-balance sheet credit equivalent amount, which is then risk-weighted based on the same factors used for on-balance sheet assets. Risk-weighted assets also incorporate a measure for market risk related to applicable trading assets-debt and equity instruments, and foreign exchange and commodity derivatives. The resulting risk-weighted values for each of the risk categories are then aggregated to determine total risk-weighted assets.
Seed capital: Initial JPMorgan capital invested in products, such as mutual funds, with the intention of ensuring the fund is of sufficient size to represent a viable offering to clients, enabling pricing of its shares, and allowing the manager to develop a track record. After these goals are achieved, the intent is to remove the Firm’s capital from the investment.
Short sale: A short sale is a sale of real estate in which proceeds from selling the underlying property are less than the amount owed the Firm under the terms of the related mortgage and the related lien is released upon receipt of such proceeds.
Structural interest rate risk: Represents interest rate risk of the non-trading assets and liabilities of the Firm.
Structured notes: Structured notes are predominantly financial instruments containing embedded derivatives. Where present, the embedded derivative is the primary driver of risk.
 
Suspended foreclosures: Loans referred to foreclosure where formal foreclosure proceedings have started but are currently on hold, which could be due to bankruptcy or loss mitigation. Includes both judicial and non-judicial states.
Taxable-equivalent basis: In presenting managed results, the total net revenue for each of the business segments and the Firm is presented on a tax-equivalent basis. Accordingly, revenue from investments that receive tax credits and tax-exempt securities is presented in the managed results on a basis comparable to taxable investments and securities; the corresponding income tax impact related to tax-exempt items is recorded within income tax expense.
Trade-date and settlement-date: For financial instruments, the trade-date is the date that an order to purchase, sell or otherwise acquire an instrument is executed in the market. The trade-date may differ from the settlement-date, which is the date on which the actual transfer of a financial instrument between two parties is executed. The amount of time that passes between the trade-date and the settlement-date differs depending on the financial instrument. For repurchases under the common equity repurchase program, except where the trade-date is specified, the amounts disclosed are presented on a settlement-date basis. In the Capital Management section on pages 74–80, and where otherwise specified, repurchases under the common equity repurchase program are presented on a trade-date basis because the trade-date is used to calculate the Firm’s regulatory capital.
Troubled debt restructuring (“TDR”): A TDR is deemed to occur when the Firm modifies the original terms of a loan agreement by granting a concession to a borrower that is experiencing financial difficulty.
Unaudited: Financial statements and information that have not been subjected to auditing procedures sufficient to permit an independent certified public accountant to express an opinion.
U.S. GAAP: Accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
U.S. government-sponsored enterprise obligations:
Obligations of agencies originally established or chartered by the U.S. government to serve public purposes as specified by the U.S. Congress; these obligations are not explicitly guaranteed as to the timely payment of principal and interest by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government.
U.S. Treasury: U.S. Department of the Treasury.
Value-at-risk (“VaR”): A measure of the dollar amount of potential loss from adverse market moves in an ordinary market environment.


188


Wallet: Proportion of fee revenues based on estimates of investment banking fees generated across the industry (i.e. the revenue wallet) from investment banking transactions in M&A, equity and debt underwriting, and loan syndications. Source: Dealogic, a third party provider of investment banking competitive analysis and volume-based league tables for the above noted industry products.
 
Warehouse loans: Consist of prime mortgages originated with the intent to sell that are accounted for at fair value and classified as trading assets.
Washington Mutual transaction: On September 25, 2008, JPMorgan Chase acquired certain of the assets of the banking operations of Washington Mutual Bank (“Washington Mutual”) from the FDIC.


LINE OF BUSINESS METRICS
CONSUMER & COMMUNITY BANKING (“CCB”)
Active online customers - Users of all internet browsers and mobile platforms who have logged in within the past 90 days.
Active mobile customers - Users of all mobile platforms, which include: SMS, mobile smartphone and tablet, who have logged in within the past 90 days.
Consumer & Business Banking (“CBB”)
Description of selected business metrics within CBB:
Client investment managed accounts - Assets actively managed by Chase Wealth Management on behalf of clients. The percentage of managed accounts is calculated by dividing managed account assets by total client investment assets.
Client advisors - Investment product specialists, including private client advisors, financial advisors, financial advisor associates, senior financial advisors, independent financial advisors and financial advisor associate trainees, who advise clients on investment options, including annuities, mutual funds, stock trading services, etc., sold by the Firm or by third-party vendors through retail branches, Chase Private Client locations and other channels.
Personal bankers - Retail branch office personnel who acquire, retain and expand new and existing customer relationships by assessing customer needs and recommending and selling appropriate banking products and services.
Sales specialists - Retail branch office and field personnel, including relationship managers and loan officers, who specialize in marketing and sales of various business banking products (i.e., business loans, letters of credit, deposit accounts, Chase Paymentech, etc.) and mortgage products to existing and new clients.
Deposit margin/deposit spread - Represents net interest income expressed as a percentage of average deposits.
Chase Liquid® cards - Refers to a prepaid, reloadable card product.
Households - A household is a collection of individuals or entities aggregated together by name, address, tax identifier and phone. CBB households are households that have a personal or business deposit, personal investment or business credit relationship with Chase. Reported on a one-month lag.
 
Mortgage Banking
Mortgage Production and Mortgage Servicing revenue comprises the following:
Net production revenue includes net gains or losses on originations and sales of mortgage loans, other production-related fees and losses related to the repurchase of previously-sold loans.
Net mortgage servicing revenue includes the following components:
a) Operating revenue predominantly represents the return on Mortgage Servicing’s MSR asset and includes:
Actual gross income earned from servicing third-party mortgage loans, such as contractually specified servicing fees and ancillary income; and
The change in the fair value of the MSR asset due to the collection or realization of expected cash flows.
b) Risk management represents the components of Mortgage Servicing’s MSR asset that are subject to ongoing risk management activities, together with derivatives and other instruments used in those risk management activities.
Mortgage origination channels comprise the following:
Retail - Borrowers who buy or refinance a home through direct contact with a mortgage banker employed by the Firm using a branch office, the Internet or by phone. Borrowers are frequently referred to a mortgage banker by a banker in a Chase branch, real estate brokers, home builders or other third parties.
Correspondent - Banks, thrifts, other mortgage banks and other financial institutions that sell closed loans to the Firm.
Card, Merchant Services & Auto (“Card”)
Description of selected business metrics within Card, Merchant Services & Auto:
Card Services includes the Credit Card and Merchant Services businesses.
Merchant Services is a business that primarily processes transactions for merchants.
Total transactions - Number of transactions and authorizations processed for merchants.
Commercial Card provides a wide range of payment services to corporate and public sector clients worldwide through the commercial card products. Services include procurement, corporate travel and entertainment, expense


189


management services, and business-to-business payment solutions.
Sales volume - Dollar amount of cardmember purchases, net of returns.
Open accounts - Cardmember accounts with charging privileges.
Auto origination volume - Dollar amount of auto loans and leases originated.
CORPORATE & INVESTMENT BANK (“CIB”)
Definition of selected CIB revenue:
Investment banking fees include advisory, equity underwriting, bond underwriting and loan syndication fees.
Treasury Services includes both transaction services and trade finance. Transaction services offers a broad range of products and services that enable clients to manage payments and receipts, as well as invest and manage funds. Products include U.S. dollar and multi-currency clearing, ACH, lockbox, disbursement and reconciliation services, check deposits, and currency-related services. Trade finance enables the management of cross-border trade for bank and corporate clients. Products include loans tied directly to goods crossing borders, export/import loans, commercial letters of credit, standby letters of credit, and supply chain finance.
Lending includes net interest income, fees, gains or losses on loan sale activity, gains or losses on securities received as part of a loan restructuring, and the risk management results related to the credit portfolio (excluding trade finance).
Fixed Income Markets primarily include revenue related to market-making across global fixed income markets, including foreign exchange, interest rate, credit and commodities markets.
Equity Markets primarily include revenue related to market-making across global equity products, including cash instruments, derivatives, convertibles and Prime Services.
Securities Services includes primarily custody, fund accounting and administration, and securities lending products sold principally to asset managers, insurance companies and public and private investment funds. Also includes clearance, collateral management and depositary receipts business which provides broker-dealer clearing and custody services, including tri-party repo transactions, collateral management products, and depositary bank services for American and global depositary receipt programs.
Credit Adjustments & Other primarily credit portfolio credit valuation adjustments (“CVA”), funding valuation adjustments (“FVA”) (effective fourth quarter 2013) and debit valuation adjustments (“DVA”) on OTC derivatives and structured notes, and nonperforming derivative receivable results. Results are presented net of associated hedging activities.
 
Description of certain business metrics:
Client deposits and other third-party liabilities pertain to the Treasury Services and Securities Services businesses, and include deposits, as well as deposits that are swept to on-balance sheet liabilities (e.g., commercial paper, federal funds purchased and securities loaned or sold under repurchase agreements) as part of the Firm’s client cash management program.
Assets under custody (“AUC”) represents activities associated with the safekeeping and servicing of assets on which Securities Services earns fees.
COMMERCIAL BANKING (“CB”)
CB Client Segments:
Middle Market Banking covers corporate, municipal and nonprofit clients, with annual revenue generally ranging between $20 million and $500 million.
Corporate Client Banking covers clients with annual revenue generally ranging between $500 million and
$2 billion and focuses on clients that have broader investment banking needs.
Commercial Term Lending primarily provides term financing to real estate investors/owners for multifamily properties as well as financing office, retail and industrial
properties.
Real Estate Banking provides full-service banking to investors and developers of institutional-grade real estate properties.
Other primarily includes lending and investment activity within the Community Development Banking and Chase Capital businesses.
CB Revenue:
Lending includes a variety of financing alternatives, which are primarily provided on a basis secured by receivables, inventory, equipment, real estate or other assets. Products include term loans, revolving lines of credit, bridge financing, asset-based structures, leases, commercial card products and standby letters of credit.
Treasury services includes revenue from a broad range of products and services (as defined by Treasury Services revenue in the CIB description of revenue) that enable CB clients to manage payments and receipts, as well as invest and manage funds.
Investment banking includes revenue from a range of products providing CB clients with sophisticated capital-raising alternatives, as well as balance sheet and risk management tools through advisory, equity underwriting, and loan syndications. Revenue from Fixed income and Equity market products (as defined by Fixed Income Markets and Equity Markets revenue in the CIB description of revenue) available to CB clients is also included. Investment banking revenue, gross, represents total revenue related to investment banking products sold to CB clients.


190


Other product revenue primarily includes tax-equivalent adjustments generated from Community Development Banking activity and certain income derived from principal transactions.
Description of selected business metrics within CB:
Client deposits and other third-party liabilities include deposits, as well as deposits that are swept to on-balance sheet liabilities (e.g., commercial paper, federal funds purchased and securities loaned or sold under repurchase agreements) as part of the Firm’s client cash management program.
ASSET MANAGEMENT (“AM”)
Assets under management - Represent assets actively managed by AM on behalf of its Private Banking, Institutional and Retail clients. Includes “Committed capital not Called,” on which AM earns fees.
Client assets - Represent assets under management, as well as custody, brokerage, administration and deposit accounts.
Multi-asset - Any fund or account that allocates assets under management to more than one asset class.
Alternative assets - The following types of assets constitute alternative investments - hedge funds, currency, real estate, private equity and other investment funds designed to focus on nontraditional strategies.
AM’s client segments comprise the following:
Private Banking offers investment advice and wealth management services to high- and ultra-high-net-worth individuals, families, money managers, business owners and small corporations worldwide, including investment management, capital markets and risk management, tax and estate planning, banking, capital raising and specialty-wealth advisory services.
Institutional brings comprehensive global investment services – including asset management, pension analytics, asset-liability management and active risk-budgeting strategies – to corporate and public institutions, endowments, foundations, nonprofit organizations and governments worldwide.
Retail provides worldwide investment management services and retirement planning and administration, through financial intermediaries and direct distribution of a full range of investment products.
Pretax margin: Represents income before income tax expense divided by total net revenue, which is, in management’s view, a comprehensive measure of pretax performance derived by measuring earnings after all costs are taken into consideration. It is one basis upon which management evaluates the performance of AM against the performance of their respective competitors.
 
Item 3    Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
For a discussion of the quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk, see the Market Risk Management section of Management’s discussion and analysis on pages 69–71 of this Form 10-Q and pages 142–148 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report.
Item 4    Controls and Procedures
As of the end of the period covered by this report, an evaluation was carried out under the supervision and with the participation of the Firm’s management, including its Chairman and Chief Executive Officer and its Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of its disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934). Based on that evaluation, the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer concluded that these disclosure controls and procedures were effective. See Exhibits 31.1 and 31.2 for the Certification statements issued by the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer.
The Firm is committed to maintaining high standards of internal control over financial reporting. Nevertheless, because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. In addition, in a firm as large and complex as JPMorgan Chase, lapses or deficiencies in internal controls may occur from time to time, and there can be no assurance that any such deficiencies will not result in significant deficiencies or material weaknesses in internal controls in the future. For further information, see “Management’s report on internal control over financial reporting” on page 182 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report. There was no change in the Firm’s internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) that occurred during the three months ended June 30, 2014, that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Firm’s internal control over financial reporting.


191


Part II Other Information
Item 1    Legal Proceedings
For information that updates the disclosures set forth under Part I, Item 3: Legal Proceedings, in the Firm’s 2013 Annual Report on Form 10-K, see the discussion of the Firm’s material litigation in Note 23 of this Form 10-Q.
Item 1A    Risk Factors
For a discussion of certain risk factors affecting the Firm,
see Part I, Item 1A: Risk Factors on pages 9–18 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2013 Annual Report on Form 10-K and Forward-Looking Statements on page 89 of this Form 10-Q.
Item 2    Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
During the three months ended June 30, 2014, there were no shares of common stock of JPMorgan Chase & Co. issued in transactions exempt from registration under the Securities Act of 1933, pursuant to Section 4(2) thereof.
Repurchases under the common equity repurchase program
On March 13, 2012, the Board of Directors authorized a $15.0 billion common equity (i.e., common stock and warrants) repurchase program. The amount of equity that may be repurchased by the Firm is also subject to the amount that is set forth in the Firm’s annual capital plan submitted to the Federal Reserve as part of the CCAR process. In conjunction with the Federal Reserve’s release of its 2014 CCAR results, the Firm’s Board of Directors has authorized the Firm to repurchase $6.5 billion of common equity between April 1, 2014, and March 31, 2015. As of June 30, 2014, $5.0 billion (on a trade-date basis) of such repurchase capacity remains. This authorization includes shares repurchased to offset issuances under the Firm’s equity-based compensation plans.
The following table sets forth the Firm’s repurchases of common equity for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, on a trade-date basis. As of June 30,
 
2014, $6.8 billion (on a trade-date basis) of authorized capacity remained under the $15.0 billion repurchase program. There were no warrants repurchased during the three and six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013.
 
 
Three months ended
June 30,
 
Six months ended
June 30,
(in millions)
 
2014
 
2013
 
2014
 
2013
Total shares of common stock repurchased
 
26

 
24

 
33

 
78

Aggregate common stock repurchases
 
$
1,462

 
$
1,201

 
$
1,862

 
$
3,801

The Firm may, from time to time, enter into written trading plans under Rule 10b5-1 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 to facilitate repurchases in accordance with the common equity repurchase program. A Rule 10b5-1 repurchase plan allows the Firm to repurchase its equity during periods when it would not otherwise be repurchasing common equity — for example, during internal trading “black-out periods.” All purchases under a Rule 10b5-1 plan must be made according to a predefined plan established when the Firm is not aware of material nonpublic information.
The authorization to repurchase common equity will be utilized at management’s discretion, and the timing of purchases and the exact amount of common equity that may be repurchased is subject to various factors, including market conditions; legal and regulatory considerations affecting the amount and timing of repurchase activity; the Firm’s capital position (taking into account goodwill and intangibles); internal capital generation; and alternative investment opportunities. The repurchase program does not include specific price targets or timetables; may be executed through open market purchases or privately negotiated transactions, or utilizing Rule 10b5-1 programs; and may be suspended at any time.


Shares repurchased, on a settlement-date basis, pursuant to the common equity repurchase program during the six months ended June 30, 2014, were as follows.
Six months ended June 30, 2014
 
Total shares of common stock repurchased
 
Average price paid per share of common stock(a)
 
Aggregate repurchases of common equity (in millions)(a)
 
Dollar value
of remaining
authorized
repurchase
(in millions)(b)
First quarter
 
6,733,494

 
$
57.31

 
$
386

 
$
8,258

April
 
1,987,971

 
57.33

 
114

 
8,144

May
 
12,470,413

 
54.11

 
675

 
7,469

June
 
10,310,877

 
56.90

 
586

 
6,883

Second quarter
 
24,769,261

 
55.53

 
1,375

 
6,883

Year-to-date
 
31,502,755

 
$
55.91

 
$
1,761

 
$
6,883

(a)
Excludes commissions cost.
(b)
The amount authorized by the Board of Directors excludes commissions cost.

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Repurchases under the stock-based incentive plans
Participants in the Firm’s stock-based incentive plans may have shares of common stock withheld to cover income taxes. Shares withheld to pay income taxes are repurchased pursuant to the terms of the applicable plan and not under the Firm’s repurchase program. Shares repurchased pursuant to these plans during the six months ended June 30, 2014, were as follows. There were no repurchases during the three months ended June 30, 2014.
Six months ended
June 30, 2014
Total shares of common stock
repurchased
 
Average price
paid per share of common stock
First quarter
1,245

 
$
57.99

Second quarter

 

Year-to-date
1,245

 
$
57.99

 
Item 3    Defaults Upon Senior Securities
None.
Item 4    Mine Safety Disclosure
Not applicable.
Item 5    Other Information
Pursuant to Section 219 of the Iran Threat Reduction and Syria Human Rights Act of 2012, which added Section 13(r) to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), an issuer is required to disclose in its annual or quarterly reports, as applicable, whether it or any of its affiliates knowingly engaged in certain activities, transactions or dealings relating to Iran or with individuals or entities designated pursuant to certain Executive Orders. Disclosure is generally required even where the activities, transactions or dealings were conducted in compliance with applicable law. Except as set forth below, as of the date of this report, the Firm is not aware of any other activity, transaction or dealing by any of its affiliates during the three months ended June 30, 2014 that requires disclosure under Section 219.
Carlson Wagonlit Travel (“CWT”), a business travel management firm in which JPMorgan Chase has invested through its merchant banking activities, may be deemed to be an affiliate of the Firm, as that term is defined in Exchange Act Rule 12b-2. CWT has informed the Firm that, during the three months ended June 30, 2014, it booked approximately 2 flights (of the approximately 15 million transactions it booked during the period) to Iran on Iran Air for passengers, including employees of foreign governments and/or non-governmental organizations. All of such flights originated outside of the United States from countries that permit travel to Iran, and none of such passengers were persons designated under Executive Orders 13224 or 13382 or were employees of foreign governments that are targets of U.S. sanctions. CWT and the Firm believe that this activity is permissible pursuant to certain exemptions from U.S. sanctions for travel-related transactions under the International Emergency Economic
 
Powers Act, as amended. CWT had approximately $5,000 in gross revenues attributable to these transactions. CWT has informed the Firm that it intends to continue to engage in this activity so long as such activity is permitted under U.S. law.
Item 6    Exhibits
10.1
Terms and Conditions of Fixed Allowance (UK)(a)(b)
15
Letter re: Unaudited Interim Financial Information(b)
31.1
Certification(b)
31.2
Certification(b)
32
Certification Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002(c)
101.INS XBRL
Instance Document(b)(d)
101.SCH XBRL
Taxonomy Extension Schema Document(b)
101.CAL XBRL
Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document(b)
101.LAB XBRL
Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document(b)
101.PRE XBRL
Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document(b)
101.DEF XBRL
Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document(b)
(a)
This exhibit is a management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.
(b)
Filed herewith.
(c)
Furnished herewith. This exhibit shall not be deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, or otherwise subject to the liability of that Section. Such exhibit shall not be deemed incorporated into any filing under the Securities Act of 1933 or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
(d)
Pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T, includes the following financial information included in the Firm’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2014, formatted in XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language) interactive data files: (i) the Consolidated statements of income (unaudited) for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, (ii) the Consolidated statements of comprehensive income (unaudited) for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, (iii) the Consolidated balance sheets (unaudited) as of June 30, 2014, and December 31, 2013, (iv) the Consolidated statements of changes in stockholders’ equity (unaudited) for the six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, (v) the Consolidated statements of cash flows (unaudited) for the six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, and (vi) the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited).


193


SIGNATURE



Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
JPMorgan Chase & Co.
(Registrant)


By:
/s/ Mark W. O’Donovan
 
Mark W. O’Donovan
 
Managing Director and Corporate Controller
 
(Principal Accounting Officer)


Date:
August 4, 2014






194



INDEX TO EXHIBITS




Exhibit No.
 
Description of Exhibit
 
 
 
10.1
 
Terms and Conditions of Fixed Allowance (UK)
 
 
 
15
 
Letter re: Unaudited Interim Financial Information
 
 
 
31.1
 
Certification
 
 
 
31.2
 
Certification
 
 
 
32
 
Certification Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002†
 
 
 
101.INS
 
XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.LAB
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
101.DEF
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
 
 
 
 
This exhibit shall not be deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, or otherwise subject to the liability of that Section. Such exhibit shall not be deemed incorporated into any filing under the Securities Act of 1933 or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.



195