Document

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
SCHEDULE 14A
Proxy Statement Pursuant to Section 14(a) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (Amendment No. )
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Definitive Proxy Statement
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Soliciting Material Pursuant to §240.14a-12
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IDEXX Laboratories, Inc.
(Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)
(Name of Person(s) Filing Proxy Statement, if Other Than the Registrant)
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Notice of 2019
Annual Meeting of
Shareholders &
Proxy Statement
Wednesday, May 8, 2019,
10:00 a.m., Eastern Time
 
 
 



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Our
PURPOSE
To be a great company that creates exceptional long-term value for our customers, employees and shareholders by enhancing the health and well-being of pets, people and livestock.
Out Guiding Principles achieve and sustain market leadership exceed the expectations of our customers empower and reward our employees innovate with intelligence cultivate entrepreneurial spirit contribute to our communities
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Jonathan W. Ayers 
President, Chief Executive Officer and
Chairman of the Board of Directors
March 25, 2019
Dear Fellow Shareholders,
In 2018, IDEXX delivered another year of strong growth and financial performance, sustaining our track record of creating exceptional long-term value for our customers, employees and shareholders. We are inspired by the continued pursuit of our Purpose to enhance the health and well-being of pets, people and livestock.
Our Purpose
To be a great company that creates exceptional long-term value for our customers, employees and shareholders by enhancing the health and well-being of pets, people and livestock.
 
We achieved outstanding financial results in 2018, with 12% revenue growth over the prior year, driven by 12% organic revenue growth, operating margin expansion of 120 basis points and growth of diluted earnings per share (“EPS”) of 45% (or comparable constant currency EPS growth of 36%).1 We further extended our track record of long-term shareholder value-creation, as reflected in the 20% compound annual growth rate of our stock price over the past fifteen years, and our 19% annual total shareholder return in 2018, which again outperformed the benchmark S&P 500® Index by 23%.2
Our continued progress reflects successful execution of our long-term strategy:
Focus on Growing, Highly Attractive Markets, Including the Global Pet Healthcare Market – Our businesses serve global markets with excellent long-term secular growth characteristics. We focus on investing in and expanding our core markets by driving the broad adoption of the innovations we uniquely bring to these markets. IDEXX is a leader in the global market segments for companion animal diagnostics and software, our primary businesses, with scale across both reference laboratory and point-of-care diagnostic modalities and a leading portfolio of software solutions. These market segments remain quite undeveloped in the U.S. and internationally and thus present significant runway for continued long-term growth.
Sustained Investment in Innovation – We estimate that IDEXX invests more than 80% of the companion animal diagnostic industry’s identifiable research and development (“R&D”) — with a long track record of novel, proprietary diagnostic and software product introductions; unparalleled new product development capability; and a robust pipeline. Our focus on innovation centers on advancing pet healthcare standards of care globally, enabling the long-term development of our largest market. In addition, although there are limited regulatory requirements for diagnostics in the pet healthcare market generally, we are committed to rigorous scientific validation of all our diagnostic innovations. Accordingly, our diagnostic innovations are fully backed by peer-reviewed and third-party studies, where possible, that confirm their unique claims and capabilities to assess the patient’s health status.
Customer Centricity – We have evolved from a product-centric to a customer-centric organization. With the largest and most-experienced companion animal diagnostics field-based professional organization in the world, we are developing and strengthening relationships with our customers, including individual veterinarians, which we believe accelerates adoption of our unique innovations and advances in pet healthcare standards. We are proud of our exceptional levels of customer loyalty and retention, which range from 96% to 99.9%, depending on the product line and geography. We continue to invest in capabilities of all types to earn our customers' trust and loyalty and to help them thrive.
Expansion of Our Recurring Revenue Business Model – Our business is designed around a durable, recurring revenue business model, with robust growth and profit characteristics and supported by our extraordinary customer retention rates. We estimate that our recurring revenue has grown from 81% of our total revenue in 2010 to 88% in 2018. The largest contributor to our recurring revenue is our Companion Animal Group (“CAG”) Diagnostics business, which provides both point-of-care and reference laboratory diagnostic solutions for veterinarians and constituted 75% of our total 2018 revenue. In 2018, CAG Diagnostics recurring revenue grew 14% on a reported basis and 13% on an organic basis.
Commitment to Sustained Growth in Financial Performance – As we invest in innovation and customer-centric capabilities to grow our markets, we remain committed to delivering strong financial results that drive growth in shareholder value. We have a consistent track record of organic revenue growth, operating margin expansion, strong free cash flow generation and a disciplined approach to capital allocation. As a result, our after-tax return on invested capital, excluding cash and investments, in 2018 was 49%.3 


2019 Proxy Statement | 3

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Highly Attractive Global Pet Healthcare Market
While we serve several attractive markets, global pet healthcare is our largest market, representing 87% of our total revenues in 2018. Some of the factors driving the long-term growth of the pet healthcare market include:
    The enduring bond between pets and their owners, viewed by many as integral members of their family.
    The growing strength and importance of this bond for each successive generation of pet owners.
    Owners’ ever-increasing desire to support the health and well-being of their pets and their willingness to allocate their time and money toward veterinary care.
    Veterinary care providers’ ever-advancing ability to provide a high medical standard of pet care.
    Our innovations in diagnostic insights, which:
    Expand the veterinarian’s medical toolkit, further improving the available standard of care.
    Enable pets — who cannot speak for themselves — to communicate more precisely their health status and problems, so that they can then be provided proper care and treatment.
    The increasing emphasis on preventive care for pets — including the growing use of diagnostics as a cost-effective part of routine annual preventive care protocols — which enables earlier detection of important medical conditions and may improve the pets’ prognoses.
 
Focus on Expanding the Global Pet Healthcare Market
We believe that supporting the expansion of the global pet healthcare market represents a unique opportunity for us to continue to create sustainable, long-term value for our shareholders. The growth opportunity in international segments is significant because, while the pet population outside the U.S. is larger than it is in the U.S., diagnostic utilization is typically much lower. This is due to the international segments generally being earlier in the pet healthcare adoption cycle, even though people love their pets in all geographies.
We focus on investing in and expanding the global pet healthcare market through developing and introducing unique, proprietary diagnostic and software technology innovations and supporting their adoption by our customers around the world. We believe these innovations raise the standard of veterinary care and thus enhance the health and well-being of pets as members of the family.
Our industry-leading in-clinic diagnostic instrument platforms, such as the Catalyst One® Chemistry Analyzer with its proprietary advanced menu (including the Catalyst®  SDMA Test), the ProCyte® Dx Hematology Analyzer and the SediVue Dx® Urine Sediment Analyzer, enable the earlier detection, diagnosis and management of diseases that affect pets.
Our software solutions improve the performance and efficiency of our customers’ operations and their profitability by helping veterinarians effectively manage their practices, and support their staff, by enhancing automation and workflow productivity, while providing ready access to diagnostic and medical information and enabling our customers to share test results directly with pet owners.
Raising the standard of care and supporting a veterinary practice’s staff, medical and business processes drive the practice’s overall growth, which in turn supports both our growth and the expansion of the veterinary diagnostic segment of the pet healthcare market. In addition, we believe that our integrated product and service offerings, which span both point-of-care and reference laboratory diagnostic modalities, and our integrated data management enable the delivery of insights that provide great value to our veterinary customers.
Sustained Investment in Innovation
Consistent with one of our six Guiding Principles — to innovate with intelligence — we have made significant investments in new products, which we believe continue to expand our global leadership positions in the business segments we serve. As noted above, we estimate that our R&D investment represents more than 80% of the identifiable companion animal diagnostics industry’s R&D investment.4 
Comparison of Identifiable Companion Animal Diagnostics Industry R&D Investment
(in millions of U.S. dollars for calendar years shown)
'12 '13 '14 '15 '16 '17 '18 VCA* Heska(1) 1 2 1 2 2 2 3 Abaxis(2) 13 14 15 18 19 23 26 IDEXX(3) 82 88 98 100 101 109 118
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*
VCA, Inc. does not report any R&D investment in its filings with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). On September 12, 2017, Mars, Incorporated completed its acquisition of VCA, Inc., and VCA, Inc. ceased filing periodic reports with the SEC.
(1)
Source: Heska Corporation’s filings with the SEC.
(2)
Source: Abaxis, Inc.’s filings with the SEC. On July 31, 2018, Zoetis Inc. acquired Abaxis, Inc., and Abaxis, Inc. ceased filing periodic reports with the SEC. 2018 figure is an estimate calculated by multiplying the ratio of Abaxis, Inc.’s total 2017 R&D expenses to its R&D expenses for the first quarter of 2017 by its R&D expenses for the first quarter of 2018, in each case as disclosed by Abaxis, Inc. in its public filings with the SEC.
(3)
Source: IDEXX’s filings with the SEC.


4 | 2019 Proxy Statement

 

This sustained investment, combined with our deep knowledge of our customers and their needs, has enabled us to introduce a steady stream of CAG diagnostic and software products that we expect will continue to grow our profitable recurring revenues for many years. In addition, our product innovations increasingly integrate and leverage machine learning and other forms of artificial intelligence ("AI"). We use AI in streamlining radiographs, which improves radiologist efficiency, and mapping data to generate clinical insights that benefit the industry and provide evidence-based support of our medical innovations. Because of the information-based nature of diagnostics, we believe that the further application of AI, combined with the possibilities of our already developed global-installed base of analyzers connected real-time with IDEXX, presents vast opportunities for future innovations.
Recent CAG Product Innovations
Catalyst One® Chemistry Analyzer – Delivers real-time results from a blood sample drawn during a patient visit. Integrates with most customer practice management systems, while also being connected real-time with IDEXX for support and continued software upgrades, as part of our Technology for Life approach.
Catalyst Dx® and Catalyst One Chemistry Analyzers Test Menu Expansion – Seven important new real-time tests added to the test menu in seven years, including our Catalyst SDMA Test launched in 2018. Most recently, we added a real-time progesterone test that allows veterinarians to provide new value to responsible canine breeders.
IDEXX SDMA® Test – Detecting the renal biomarker SDMA helps veterinarians identify when a patient's renal glomerular filtration rate, or GFR, is impaired, which is a serious medical condition that may result from a variety of medical conditions and diseases. With early detection, veterinarians have more options to diagnose, treat and manage disease. We believe our proprietary IDEXX SDMA Test, which is included in our reference laboratories’ routine chemistry panels, highly differentiates our reference laboratory offering.
Catalyst® SDMA Test – Launched in 2018, enables real-time measurement of SDMA as part of a routine chemistry test panel on our Catalyst Dx and Catalyst One analyzers. By the end of 2018, we achieved a rapid rate of adoption with more than half of our Catalyst Dx and Catalyst One analyzer customers globally having run Catalyst SDMA.
SediVue Dx® Urine Sediment Analyzer – Automates urine sediment analysis, a traditionally laborious and variable process, while expanding its clinical value by finding more underlying disease and finding it earlier. The SediVue Dx analyzer uses proprietary neural network algorithms similar to facial recognition technology to identify clinically relevant particles found in urine sediment and captures high-contrast digital images that become part of the permanent patient record. By using a growing image bank, now including over one million patient samples generated by our SediVue Dx analyzer customers, IDEXX leverages its algorithmic software and machine learning, a form of AI, to continuously improve the algorithms’ ability to identify abnormalities in urine samples.
Smart Flow Workflow Optimization System Added to Our Veterinary Software Solution Portfolio – A cloud-based workflow solution added in July 2018 that works in conjunction with all major veterinary practice management systems – including IDEXX Cornerstone®, DVMAX®, Neo® and Animana™ software – to streamline veterinary patient care delivery and management and improve veterinary clinical staff efficiency.
ImageVue® DR50 Digital Imaging System – Enables image capture with low-dose radiation and without sacrificing clear, high-quality diagnostic images. Reduction in radiation exposure is critically important to the health and well-being of pets and veterinary professionals, especially veterinary technicians of childbearing age. All of our digital imaging systems work with our cloud-based IDEXX Web PACS software, now in use at over 3,000 locations, to securely store images and view images on any device.
Customer Centricity
We believe that developing and deepening strong relationships with our veterinarian customers help to deliver better care to patients, drive broader adoption of our products and services and maintain high customer loyalty. To advance our customer presence, in 2015 we transitioned in the U.S. from a model in which we marketed our CAG products to veterinarians both directly and through independent veterinary distributors to an all-direct sales strategy. We also executed similar all-direct strategies and expansions in field sales and marketing presence in international segments over the past five years. Today, almost 99% of our CAG products and services are sold in countries where we have a direct presence.
In 2018, we expanded our U.S. field organization for a fourth time since our 2015 transition to an all-direct sales strategy in the U.S., and today, we believe we have generally achieved the level of field-based presence required to execute our growth strategy. In 2018, we also expanded our international field organization by more than 20% to further deepen our customer presence. Since the end of 2012, our global CAG field-based professional staffing has grown by more than 100%.
 
Total Worldwide Companion Animal Group Field-Based Professional Headcount*
2013 437 2014 465 2015 603 201 775 2018 910 2x
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*    Includes all field-based sales and technical services headcount, excluding management, as of December 31.


2019 Proxy Statement | 5

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Consistent, Strong Financial Performance and Discipline
The enduring growth of our recurring revenue streams — supported by our continued focus on investing to grow our attractive, core businesses — enabled us to improve our operating margin in 2018 by 120 basis points, as compared to 2017 (or 130 basis points of constant currency operating margin improvement), and drive year-over-year EPS growth in 2018 of approximately 45% (or 36% comparable constant currency EPS growth).5 These strong results were delivered after advancing substantial incremental investments in our business, including the expansion of our 401(k) retirement plan annual matching for our U.S. employees by reinvesting benefits from U.S. tax reform.
 
2018 Achievements
Investments in innovation and commercial capability supported the following achievements in 2018:
    Overall revenue and organic revenue growth of 12%, supported by CAG Diagnostics recurring revenue growth of 14% and organic revenue growth of 13%, including reference laboratory diagnostic and consulting services revenue growth of 13% and organic revenue growth of 12% and IDEXX VetLab® consumables revenue growth of 19% and organic revenue growth of 18%.
    Global premium instrument placements of:
    More than 6,700 Catalyst One and Catalyst Dx chemistry analyzers, resulting in a global installed base of approximately 37,000 Catalyst One and Catalyst Dx chemistry instruments, which represents the majority of our approximately 50,000 total chemistry instruments installed base at the end of 2018. Consumables volumes from our chemistry instruments are the major component of IDEXX VetLab consumable revenues.
    More than 3,600 premium hematology instruments, resulting in a global installed base of approximately 29,000 premium hematology instruments at the end of 2018.
    More than 2,700 SediVue Dx Urine Sediment Analyzers, resulting in a global installed base of approximately 6,600 SediVue Dx analyzers at the end of 2018.
Our 2018 performance is at the high end of our long-term financial goals, as reflected in our long-term financial potential model:
Average Annual Constant Currency Gains6 
Revenue Growth 
10%+
+
Operating Margin
Expansion
 
50 – 100 bps
+
Capital Allocation
Leverage
 
1% – 2%
Incremental EPS Growth
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Long-Term
EPS Growth Potential
 
15% – 20%
In addition, in 2018 we generated $400 million in operating cash flow and $284 million of free cash flow, representing 75% of net income, after supporting the growth needs of the business in R&D and capital investment, and allowing for the allocation of capital to share repurchases.7 During the six-year period ended on December 31, 2018, we allocated $2.3 billion to repurchase 27% of our outstanding shares at an average price of $78 per share.8 Our disciplined approach to capital allocation resulted in a 49% after-tax return on invested capital, excluding cash and investments, in 2018, reinforcing the attractiveness of our business strategy and focus.
A full review of our 2018 financial performance can be found in the financial statements contained in our 2018 Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 15, 2019, which can be accessed on our website (www.idexx.com).
Commitment to Corporate Responsibility and Contributing to Our Communities
At IDEXX, corporate responsibility has been part of the way we operate for a long time. We seek to be a good citizen of the communities in which we do business by contributing to their health and quality of life, conducting ourselves with the highest ethical standards and recognizing our environmental responsibilities. We believe that our corporate responsibility efforts enable sustainable, long-term shareholder value-creation by supporting the human-animal bond through advances in pet healthcare — which we believe supports improvements in the human condition; attracting, developing and retaining talent critical to the execution of our long-term strategy; and helping us mitigate risks, reduce costs and protect our brand. To learn more about corporate responsibility at IDEXX, please visit the Corporate Responsibility section of our website (www.idexx.com).
An important focus of our corporate responsibility initiatives is investing in our employees. In 2018, we invested a portion of our tax savings from the enactment of the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act in the long-term financial and retirement well-being of our U.S. employees by raising our annual 401(k) retirement plan match from 4% to 5%. Because our eligible employees’ participation rate is 96%, which is well above benchmarks for companies of our size, we expect this change to positively impact the retirement savings of over 90% of our U.S. employees.
Given this and our other investments in employee learning, development, health and well-being, and our ongoing commitment to inclusion and diversity, we are pleased to report that IDEXX was recognized by the National Business Group on Health with a Best Employers for Healthy Lifestyles Gold Award, by Forbes as one of the World’s Best Employers and by Forbes as one of the Best Employers for Women in 2018.


6 | 2019 Proxy Statement

 

In addition to what we do as a company, our employees personally contribute to our communities through their individual philanthropic activities. Our Global IDEXX Volunteer Efforts (GiVE) Program enables employees to embrace this Guiding Principle by offering two paid days per year for volunteer service, which resulted in nearly 50,000 employee hours donated from 2015 – 2018. Like my fellow IDEXXers, I am personally and passionately committed to giving back and recently created a charitable foundation dedicated to the preservation of the forty-one species of the feline family that live in the wild. Safeguarding these wild feline species involves conservation of the vast landscapes and ecosystems that they need to survive.
Robust Governance and Executive Compensation Practices
We are committed to strong governance and executive compensation practices, which we believe enable us to fulfill our Purpose and support long-term shareholder value.
Our Board plays a key role in the oversight of our business, strategy and risk management. And, our Board is committed to robust, year-round Board refreshment and succession planning as described on page 24 to ensure that IDEXX remains well positioned for continued growth and success. As a result, since 2011, our Board has added six new independent Directors, with diverse backgrounds and experiences. Today, of our eight Directors, two were born and raised outside the U.S., three are women and six are current or former chief executive officers. We believe our Board members bring the right mix of experiences, skills and capabilities to effectively oversee IDEXX for today and in the future.
Looking Ahead
All of us at IDEXX remain united by our Purpose and are committed to extending our track record of strong, profitable growth. We look forward to joining you at our 2019 Annual Meeting on May 8, 2019.
Sincerely,
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1
Information regarding organic revenue growth and comparable constant currency EPS growth and their calculation is provided in Appendix A.
2
Based on total return to shareholders, assuming dividend reinvestment for those companies issuing dividends, for the fifteen-year period and twelve-month period ended December 31, 2018.
3
Information regarding after-tax return, excluding cash and investments, and its calculation is provided in Appendix A.
4
Identifiable R&D investment for any calendar year in the companion animal diagnostics industry represents all R&D expenses for such calendar year as disclosed in public filings with the SEC by U.S. public companies with material business operations in the manufacture and sale of companion animal diagnostics products or the provision of veterinary reference laboratory services from 2012 through 2018, except that Abaxis, Inc.’s R&D expenses for 2018 is an estimate calculated by multiplying the ratio of Abaxis, Inc.’s total 2017 R&D expenses to its R&D expenses for the first quarter of 2017 by its R&D expenses for the first quarter of 2018, in each case as disclosed by Abaxis, Inc. in its public filings with the SEC.
5
Information regarding constant currency operating margin improvement and its calculation is provided in Appendix A.
6
The projections in our long-term financial potential model assume that foreign currency exchange rates will remain the same and excludes year-over-year changes in share-based compensation tax benefits.
7
Information regarding free cash flow, the ratio of free cash flow to net income and their calculation is provided in Appendix A.
8
The average purchase price per share of our stock has been adjusted for the effect of the two-for-one split of our common stock effected in the form of a common stock dividend paid on June 15, 2015.


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Table of Contents
 
 
Page
 
 
 
Page
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
How We Paid Our NEOs in 2018
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
General Information about the 2019 Annual
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Proposals Submitted Under Rule 14a-8
 
 
 
Proposals Submitted Outside of Rule 14a-8
 
 
 
 
 
BASIS OF PRESENTATION
IDEXX Laboratories, Inc. is a Delaware corporation incorporated in 1983 with principal executive offices located at One IDEXX Drive, Westbrook, Maine 04092. Unless the context indicates otherwise, references in this Proxy Statement to “we”, “us”, “our”, the “Company” or “IDEXX” refer to IDEXX Laboratories, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries. Our website is located at www.idexx.com. References to our website in this Proxy Statement are inactive textual references only, and the contents of our website are not incorporated by reference into this Proxy Statement for any purpose.


2019 Proxy Statement | 9

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Proxy Summary
This summary highlights selected information that is contained elsewhere in this Proxy Statement. This summary does not contain all of the information that you should consider prior to voting your shares. You should carefully read both this entire Proxy Statement and our 2018 Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on February 15, 2019 before voting.
2019 Annual Meeting Information
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DATE AND TIME:
Wednesday, May 8, 2019,
10:00 a.m., Eastern Time
PRE-MEETING FORUM: Our online pre-meeting forum can be accessed at www.proxyvote.com for beneficial owners and www.proxyvote.com/idxx for registered shareholders. At this online pre-meeting forum, you can submit questions in writing in advance of our 2019 Annual Meeting, vote, view the Rules of Conduct and Procedures relating to the 2019 Annual Meeting and access copies of proxy materials and our annual report.
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LOCATION: Online virtual meeting at www.virtualshareholdermeeting.com/IDXX2019.
Virtual Shareholder Meeting
After holding a virtual-only annual meeting of shareholders in both 2017 and 2018, the Board determined, after discussion and consideration, to continue with this format for our 2019 annual meeting of shareholders. In making this determination, the Board considered a number of factors, including our global shareholder base and the technology available to support our virtual meeting format, which is designed to assure our shareholders the same rights and opportunities to ask questions and participate in our virtual 2019 Annual Meeting as they would at an in-person meeting.
A more detailed description regarding the format of the virtual 2019 Annual Meeting and how to ask questions and participate in the meeting is provided in the Notice of 2019 Annual Meeting of Shareholders on page 21, under “Virtual Shareholder Meeting” on page 41, and under “General Information about the 2019 Annual Meeting and Voting” on page 84.
Shareholder Voting Matters Summary
Proposal
Board Vote
Recommendation
Page Number for
More Information
Proposal One Election of Directors
FOR each nominee
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Proposal Two Ratification of Appointment of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
FOR
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Proposal Three Advisory Vote to Approve Executive Compensation
FOR
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10 | 2019 Proxy Statement



PROXY SUMMARY

How to Vote
It is important that your shares be represented and voted at the 2019 Annual Meeting. You can submit a proxy by telephone or via the Internet. Alternatively, you may request a paper proxy card by calling the appropriate number set forth below, which you may complete, sign and return by mail. Registered holders and beneficial owners of our stock will be able to vote their shares electronically at the annual meeting, which will be a completely online virtual meeting of shareholders.
For registered holders:
(Your shares are registered in your name with our transfer agent American Stock Transfer & Trust Company)
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For beneficial owners:
(You hold your shares in a brokerage account or by a bank or other holder of record (that is, in “street name”))
BY TELEPHONE 
In the U.S., you can vote your shares toll-free by calling
1-800-690-6903.*
BY TELEPHONE 
You can vote your shares toll-free by calling
1-800-454-8683.*
BY INTERNET 
You can vote your shares online before the meeting at
www.proxyvote.com. During the meeting, you can vote your shares at www.virtualshareholdermeeting.com/IDXX2019.*
BY INTERNET 
You can vote your shares online before the meeting at
www.proxyvote.com. During the meeting, you can vote your shares at www.virtualshareholdermeeting.com/IDXX2019.*
BY MAIL 
You can vote by mail using a paper proxy card, which you may request by calling
1-800-579-1639, or by email at sendmaterial@proxyvote.com.
BY MAIL 
You can vote by mail by using the paper proxy card or voting instruction form. Mark, sign and date your proxy card and return it in the postage-paid envelope provided or return it to
Vote Processing, c/o Broadridge, 51 Mercedes Way, Edgewood, NY 11717.
* You will need your 16-digit control number available from the Notice sent to you from Broadridge.
Whether you are a registered holder or a beneficial owner, you may vote online at the 2019 Annual Meeting. You will need to enter your control number (included in your Notice of Internet Availability, your proxy card or the voting instructions that accompanied your proxy materials) to vote your shares at the 2019 Annual Meeting. Even if you plan to attend the virtual 2019 Annual Meeting, we encourage you to vote in advance by telephone, over the Internet or by mail as described above. This will ensure that your vote will be counted if you are unable to, or later decide not to, participate in the virtual meeting.


2019 Proxy Statement | 11

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PROPOSAL ONE
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Election of Directors
The Board has nominated Jonathan W. Ayers, Stuart W. Essig, PhD, and M. Anne Szostak to serve as Class III Directors with a term expiring at the 2022 Annual Meeting.
 
 
 
 
 
Name
Age
Director Since
Independent
Committees
Other Current Public
Company Board Service
 
 
Jonathan W. Ayers
62
January 2002
 
(none)
(none)
 
 
Stuart M. Essig, PhD
57
July 2017
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Finance
Nominating and Governance
Integra LifeSciences Holdings Corporation
SeaSpine Holdings Corporation
Owens & Minor, Inc.
 
 
M. Anne Szostak
68
July 2012
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Audit
Compensation (Chair)
Tupperware Brands Corporation
 
 
 
 
 
The Board of Directors recommends a vote “FOR” the three Director nominees up for election
 
 
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See page 27 for further information about our Director nominees
 
Notable Corporate Governance Highlights
We believe that our commitment to high ethical standards and good governance practices contributes to our creation of long-term shareholder value by:
Strengthening Board and management accountability and effectiveness;
Promoting alignment with the long-term interests of our shareholders; and
Helping to maintain our shareholders’ trust in our company.
Our engaged and diverse Board has implemented and maintained strong corporate governance policies. In addition, the Board actively oversees the development and execution by management of long-term strategies for durable growth and shareholder value-creation, and the Board plays a key oversight role in risk management. We believe that the Board’s stewardship in these areas and our strong governance policies and practices summarized below have enabled IDEXX to achieve strong financial performance relative to its peers and the S&P 500 Index.
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Board Independence
 
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Board Effectiveness
 
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Strategy, Risk Management and Succession Planning
 
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Further Best Practices
ü    Strong independent Lead Director
ü    Independent Board except for our Chair
ü    Fully independent Board Committees
ü    Executive sessions of independent Directors held at each regularly scheduled Board meeting
 
ü    Commitment to Board refreshment with 6 new independent Directors in the last 7 years
ü    Robust Director nominee selection process aligned with our long-term, strategic needs
ü    Active seeking of highly qualified, diverse Director candidates, with:
    2 out of 8 born and raised outside the U.S.;
    3 out of 8 women; and
    6 out of 8 former or current chief executive officers
ü    Rigorous annual self-assessments of the Board, its Committees and each Director
ü    Director retirement at the next Annual Meeting after the 73rd birthday, except as may be approved by the Board
 
ü    Annual corporate strategy review by the Board
ü    Risk management oversight by the Board and its Committees
ü    Active Board participation in and oversight over CEO and senior executive succession planning
 
ü    Majority vote standard in uncontested Director elections
ü    Proxy access rights
ü    No shareholder rights plan (“poison pill”)
ü    Industry-leading stock ownership and retention guidelines for Directors and senior executives
ü    Pledging, hedging and short sales of stock prohibited
ü    Clawback policy for performance-based incentive compensation


12 | 2019 Proxy Statement



PROXY SUMMARY

The Board regularly assesses the corporate governance landscape to identify best practices that it believes will enable us to fulfill our Purpose and support the creation of exceptional long-term shareholder value. Most recently, the Board adopted the following leading practices:
Proxy access rights adopted in December 2017 that permit a shareholder, or a group of up to twenty shareholders, owning at least 3% in aggregate of our outstanding common stock continuously for at least three years, to nominate and include in our annual meeting proxy materials two individuals or 20% of the number of Directors serving on the Board, whichever is greater, as Director nominees, provided that the nominating shareholder(s) and Director nominees satisfy the requirements of the proxy access bylaw provisions.
See the discussions under “Shareholder Recommendation and Nomination of Directors” on page 26 and “Requirements for Submission of Proxy Proposals, Nomination of Directors and Other Business of Shareholders” on page 88.
A majority-voting standard in uncontested elections adopted in December 2016.
See “Majority Voting and Director Resignation” on page 26.
An anti-pledging policy, adopted in December 2015, that prohibits our executive officers and Directors from pledging or otherwise encumbering IDEXX equity securities.
See “Anti-Hedging and Short Sale and Anti-Pledging Policies” on page 41.
For more information about our corporate governance policies and practices, see the Corporate Governance section of this Proxy Statement beginning on page 23.
Board Composition and Skills
The following summarizes key information regarding the composition and qualifications of our Board as described below on page 27 under “Director Nominees and Board Biographies.”
Director Independence
Gender Diversity
Former or Current CEOs
Born and Raised
Outside U.S.
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7 out of 8
3 out of 8 are women
6 out of 8
2 out of 8
 
 
 
Director Age
Average Age 61 years 56 57 57 58 62 66 67 68
Director Skills and Qualifications
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Director Tenure
Average Tenure 7.5 years 2 3 4 5 6 7 16 17
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Executive Leadership Public Company Board Service Corporate Governance Operations International Business Biotech Accounting Capital Markets Technology/Data Corporate Strategy 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8


2019 Proxy Statement | 13

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PROPOSAL TWO
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ratification of Appointment of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP (“PwC”) has been appointed to serve as our independent registered public accounting firm for 2019 and, while not required by law, the Board believes that it is advisable to give shareholders an opportunity to ratify this selection. The following table summarizes the fees for services provided by PwC during 2018 and 2017.
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fiscal Years Ended December 31,
 
 
 
2018
2017
 
 
Audit fees

$2,123,435


$2,045,100

 
 
Audit-related fees
50,000

80,000

 
 
Tax fees
275,184

206,000

 
 
All other fees
900

3,000

 
 
Total fees

$2,449,519


$2,334,100

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Board of Directors recommends a vote FOR this item
 
 
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See page 49 for further information about our independent auditors
 
PROPOSAL THREE
 
 
 
 
 
 
Advisory Vote to Approve Executive Compensation (“say-on-pay”)
We are asking our shareholders to approve, on an advisory (non-binding) basis, the compensation of our named executive officers (“NEOs”) as disclosed in this Proxy Statement. At our 2018 Annual Meeting, our shareholders voted 96% in favor of approving the compensation of our NEOs.
 
 
The Board of Directors recommends a vote FOR this item
 
 
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See below and page 52 for further information about our executive compensation program
 


14 | 2019 Proxy Statement



PROXY SUMMARY

2018 Financial Performance Highlights
The following is an overview of our 2018 financial performance highlights and our Total Shareholder Return since 2013. For more complete information, review our 2018 Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on February 15, 2019. The Total Shareholder Return graph compares our total shareholder returns, the Total Return for the S&P 500 Index, the Total Return for the S&P 500 Health Care Index and the Total Return for the NASDAQ Stock Market Index (U.S. Companies) prepared by the Center for Research in Security Prices (the “NASDAQ Index”). This graph assumes the investment of $100 on December 31, 2013 in IDEXX’s common stock, the S&P 500 Index, the S&P 500 Health Care Index and the NASDAQ Index and assumes dividends, if any, are reinvested. Measurement points are the last trading days of the years ended December 2013 to 2018.
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+14% growth in CAG Diagnostics
recurring revenue, or
+13% organic revenue growth,
over 2017
22% of revenue
+120 bps over 2017 on reported basis
+130 bps over 2017 on constant
currency basis
+36% over 2017 on comparable
constant currency basis
Revenue A record $2.2 billion+12% over 2017
Operating Profit $491 million +19% over 2017
Diluted Earnings Per Share $4.26 +45% over 2017
Total Shareholder Return*
IDEXX Laboratories, Inc. NASDAQ Index S&P 500 Health Care Index S&P 500 Index 12/31/2013 12/30/2014 12/31/2015 12/31/2016 12/31/2017 12/31/2018 $100 $150 $200 $250 $300 $350
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*
Total Shareholder Return is defined as: (adjusted close share price end of period – adjusted close share price start of period) / share price start of period.


2019 Proxy Statement | 15

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Executive Compensation Highlights
These executive compensation highlights should be read in conjunction with the Executive Compensation section of this Proxy Statement, including the Compensation Discussion and Analysis section, for additional information about our executive compensation philosophy and program and the compensation awarded to each of our NEOs, including our Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”), beginning on page 55.
Our Executive Compensation Philosophy and Program
Our executive compensation philosophy is simple — we want to attract, motivate and retain talented executives who are aligned with and passionate about our Purpose: to be a great company that creates exceptional long-term value for our customers, employees and shareholders by enhancing the health and well-being of pets, people and livestock.
We believe that executing this philosophy through our executive compensation program and practices, including a strong focus on pay-for-performance based compensation elements, will support long-term shareholder value-creation through driving our strategy of innovation, continued revenue growth, margin improvement and efficient capital allocation.
Our Executive Compensation Program
Our executive compensation program consists of three key elements, base salary, annual performance-based cash bonus and equity-based long-term incentives, which in total are targeted at the median of our competitive market. Because it relates most directly to the creation of shareholder value over time, variable, at risk compensation is a higher percentage of total compensation for our NEOs than for our other employees. The total 2018 direct compensation mix for our CEO and our other NEOs is detailed below:
Elements of 2018 Direct Compensation for CEO and Other NEOs (Average)
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Base Salary Represents 12% (CEO) and 22% (other NEOs) of total target direct compensation opportunity. Equity-Based Long-Term Incentives Represents 70% (CEO) and 59% (other NEOs) of total target direct compensation opportunity. Annual Performance-Based Cash Bonus Represents 18% (CEO) and 19% (other NEOs) of total target direct compensation opportunity. Cash bonus targets were 125% of base salary (CEO) and in the range of 60% to 75% of base salary (other NEOs), and actual for 2018 was paid at 120% of target for the CEO and for the other NEOs. At Risk


16 | 2019 Proxy Statement



PROXY SUMMARY

Annual Performance-Based Cash Bonus
The target amount of the annual performance-based cash bonus award for each NEO is a percentage of his or her annual base salary, and the award amount is capped at 200% of this target.
Actual amounts of the annual performance-based cash bonuses are calculated based on the achievement of both financial and non-financial performance goals, which results in the determination of an overall performance factor:
Annual Performance-Based Cash Bonus – Overall Performance Factor Determination
Factor
 
Weighting
 
Metrics/Goals
 
Objective
Financial
performance
 
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50% weighting
 
    Organic revenue growth (40%)
    Operating profit (20%)
    Earnings per share (diluted) (20%)
    After-tax return on invested capital, excluding cash and investments ("ROIC") (20%)
 
Measure performance against shareholder value drivers
Non-financial
performance
 
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50% weighting
 
    International growth
    R&D
    Operational improvements
    Execution of key risk management initiatives
    Hiring and development of key leadership talent, including gender and ethnically diverse talent
    Preparation and publication of corporate responsibility report
 
Support near-term performance of our long-term business objectives to strengthen the business in support of long-term performance
In 2018, the overall performance factor was calculated as 120% for each of the NEOs based on achievement of the financial and non-financial performance goals described above. The Compensation Committee also considered the relative contributions made by each NEO to the achievement of the Company’s financial and non-financial goals, as well as other factors, such as the scope of and tenure in their roles at the Company, in determining the final amount of each award.
Equity-Based Long-Term Incentives
Our equity-based long-term incentives consist of stock options and restricted stock units. These equity incentives have a five-year vesting schedule, which is longer than typical market practice, and they are more heavily weighted in the form of stock options for our senior executives. Since 2015 our CEO has received 100% of his annual equity award in the form of stock options, and the rest of our senior executives generally receive 75% of their annual equity awards in the form of stock options and 25% in the form of restricted stock units. We believe that these types of equity incentives drive closer alignment with our shareholders’ long-term interests.


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CEO’s 2018 Compensation
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Our CEO’s 2018 compensation was competitively structured and ranked below the median as compared to our peer group.
In addition, a significant portion of his 2018 compensation was at risk and tied to our operating or stock price performance.
Our 1-, 3- and 5-year total shareholder return for the period ended December 31, 2018 was between the 74th and 95th percentiles of our peer group.
For more information regarding our total shareholder return relative to our peer group, see the chart on page 67.
Base Salary $800k (no increase since 2013) Equity-Based Long-Term Incentives $4.8m (100% options) Annual Performance-Based Cash Bonus $1.20m (120% of target) At Risk 88% Total Direct Compensation $6.8m
For more information regarding Mr. Ayers’s compensation, see “CEO Compensation Decisions” on page 56, “CEO Pay-for-Performance Alignment” on page 56 and “How We Paid Our NEOs in 2018” beginning on page 64.
CEO’s Substantial Equity Ownership Aligns His Interests with Those of All of Our Shareholders
Since being named CEO in January 2002, Mr. Ayers has consistently increased his IDEXX stock ownership through open-market purchases, stock option exercises and the voluntary deferral of a portion of his cash compensation into fully-vested deferred stock units, resulting in his ownership of over 1.19 million shares of IDEXX stock (including fully-vested deferred stock units) as of March 1, 2019. Through Mr. Ayers’s substantial ownership of IDEXX stock, his overall economic interests are closely aligned with those of all of our shareholders in the creation of long-term shareholder value.
For more information regarding Mr. Ayers’s ownership of our common stock, see “Stock Ownership of Directors and Officers” beginning on page 46.


18 | 2019 Proxy Statement



PROXY SUMMARY

Executive Compensation Program at a Glance
We seek to promote the long-term interests of our shareholders through our prudent compensation practices and policies:
Executive Compensation Program Design
What We Do
 
What We Don’t Do
ü    Align pay with our performance by having a weighted average of 82% of 2018 target total direct compensation for our NEOs consist of performance-based compensation
ü    Target total direct compensation for our NEOs at the median of our peer group
ü    Focus, in part, on effectiveness of management to invest in the future of the business through its innovation, employees, systems and processes
 
X    No uncapped payouts under our Executive Incentive Plan
X    No purely formulaic calculations of annual performance-based cash bonus amounts — Compensation Committee able to exercise discretion regarding payouts
Equity-Award-Related Practices
What We Do
 
What We Don’t Do
ü    Grant all equity awards with a five-year vesting schedule, longer than typical market practice
ü    Apply a one-year minimum vesting requirement to equity awards granted to employees
ü    Minimum fair market value exercise price for options
ü    Include non-competition, non-solicitation and related forfeiture provisions in our equity award agreements for our executives
 
X    No dividends or dividend equivalents on unearned equity awards
X    No backdating of options and no repricing or buyout of underwater stock options without shareholder approval
Compensation Governance and Risk Mitigation
What We Do
 
What We Don’t Do
ü    Review our peer group annually and engage in rigorous, annual benchmarking to align our executive compensation program with the market
ü    Review and verify annually the independence of the Compensation Committee’s independent compensation consultant
ü    Conduct an annual compensation program risk assessment
ü    Provide limited benefits and perquisites to our senior executives that are not otherwise made available to our other salaried employees
ü    Require our senior executives to satisfy strict and meaningful stock ownership guidelines to strengthen the alignment with our shareholders’ interests
ü    Maintain a clawback policy that allows us to recover annual and long-term performance-based compensation if we are required to restate our financial results, other than a restatement due to changes in accounting principles or applicable law
ü    Hold an advisory vote on executive compensation on an annual basis to provide our shareholders with an opportunity to give feedback on our executive compensation program
ü    Cap annual performance-based cash bonuses at 200% of target
 
X    No employment contracts other than with our CEO
X    No tax gross-ups of perquisites or 280G excise taxes, with the exception of standard tax equalization measures for expatriates
X    No supplemental executive retirement plan
X    No single-trigger change-in-control bonus payments or vesting of equity awards (subject to 25% vesting of equity awards upon a change-in-control)
X    No stock options granted below fair market value
X    No allowance for pledging of our common stock by executive officers and Directors
X    No allowance for employees to hedge or sell short our common stock


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Recent Noteworthy Compensation Actions
In 2018, we implemented the following noteworthy changes to our executive compensation program, policies and practices:
Amended our stock ownership guidelines to increase the target levels of ownership of our common stock to ten times annual base salary for our CEO (from six times) and to four times annual base salary for our Executive Vice Presidents (from three times).
Added ROIC as a fourth metric in the calculation of the financial performance factor used to determine the annual performance-based cash bonus for 2018, and readjusted the weighting among the four financial metrics as follows:
Organic Revenue 
Growth Rating
+
Operating
Profit
Rating
+
 Earnings Per
Share (Diluted)
Rating
+
ROIC Rating
=
Financial
Performance
Factor
40% Weighting
 
20% Weighting
 
20% Weighting
 
20% Weighting
 
 
ROIC is a non-GAAP financial measure of the efficiency with which a company uses its invested capital to generate returns.1 The addition of ROIC to the determination of our annual performance-based cash bonus in 2018 is intended to hold management more directly accountable for capital productivity and achieve a more effective balance between financial measures of growth and return, both of which we believe are important in creating shareholder value. The introduction of ROIC was informed, in part, by feedback obtained from our shareholders.
Simplified the design of the equity-based long-term incentive program in 2018 by eliminating the use of performance-based restricted stock units. We had previously granted performance-based restricted stock units with the intention of them being eligible to qualify as performance-based compensation under Section 162(m) of the Code. However, with the repeal of the performance-based compensation exception to the deduction limitations of Section 162(m) of the Code, the primary benefit of granting performance-based restricted stock units was removed. The elimination of the performance-based restricted stock units did not diminish the strong alignment between our equity-based long-term incentives and shareholder value-creation as the primary component of the program continues to be stock options, which provide value to the recipient only in the case of stock price appreciation.
Amended the provisions of the employee equity awards granted in 2018 and later to permit continued vesting of those equity awards for an additional two vesting periods after retirement for eligible employees. Eligibility criteria include having been employed by the Company or any of its subsidiaries for at least ten years, retiring from the Company at the age of 60 years or older and providing written notice to the Company at least six months prior to retirement.





















1
Additional information regarding ROIC, including its definition and calculation, is provided in Appendix A.


20 | 2019 Proxy Statement

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NOTICE OF ANNUAL MEETING

One IDEXX Drive
Westbrook, Maine, 04092
Notice of 2019 Annual Meeting
of Shareholders
NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN of the 2019 annual meeting of shareholders (“2019 Annual Meeting”) of IDEXX Laboratories, Inc. As described below, the 2019 Annual Meeting will be a completely virtual meeting of shareholders held over the Internet, and shareholders will be able to attend the 2019 Annual Meeting, vote their shares electronically and submit their questions during the live audio webcast of the 2019 Annual Meeting by visiting www.virtualshareholdermeeting.com/IDXX2019 and entering their control number. We will first make available to our shareholders this Proxy Statement and the form of proxy relating to the 2019 Annual Meeting, as well as our 2018 Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on February 15, 2019, on or about March 25, 2019. The 2019 Annual Meeting will be held:
 
 
PURPOSE OF 2019 ANNUAL MEETING
1.    Election of Directors. To elect the three Class III Directors named in the attached proxy statement for three-year terms (Proposal One);
2.    Ratification of Appointment of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm. To ratify the selection of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP as the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm for the current fiscal year (Proposal Two);
3.    Advisory Vote to Approve Executive Compensation. To approve a non-binding advisory resolution on the Company’s executive compensation (Proposal Three); and
4.    Other Business. To conduct such other business as may properly come before the 2019 Annual Meeting or any adjournments thereof, including approving any such adjournment, if necessary.
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DATE AND TIME
Wednesday, May 8, 2019, 10:00 a.m.,
Eastern Time
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LOCATION
Virtual meeting online via audio webcast at www.virtualshareholdermeeting.com/IDXX2019
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RECORD DATE
The Company’s Board of Directors has fixed the close of business on March 15, 2019 as the record date for the determination of shareholders entitled to notice of and to vote at the 2019 Annual Meeting.
 
 
VIRTUAL MEETING ADMISSION
Shareholders of record as of March 15, 2019, will be able to participate in the 2019 Annual Meeting by visiting www.virtualshareholdermeeting.com/IDXX2019. To participate in the 2019 Annual Meeting, shareholders of record will need the control number included on their Notice of Internet Availability of the proxy materials, on their proxy card or on the instructions that accompanied their proxy materials. The annual meeting will begin promptly at 10:00 a.m., Eastern Time. Online check-in will begin at 9:30 a.m., Eastern Time, and you should allow ample time for the online check-in procedures.
PRE-MEETING FORUM
The online format for our 2019 Annual Meeting also allows us to communicate more effectively with you through our online pre-meeting forum, which can be accessed at www.proxyvote.com for beneficial owners and www.proxyvote.com/idxx for registered shareholders. At this online pre-meeting forum, you can submit questions in advance of our 2019 Annual Meeting, vote, view the Rules of Conduct and Procedures relating to the 2019 Annual Meeting and access copies of proxy materials and our annual report.
By order of the Board of Directors,
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Sharon E. Underberg
Corporate Vice President,
General Counsel and Corporate Secretary
Westbrook, Maine
March 25, 2019


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CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

Corporate Governance
Proposal One – Election of Directors
Our Board of Directors is divided into three classes, and members of each class hold office for three-year terms as set forth below:
Class I Directors – currently two Directors whose terms expire at the 2021 Annual Meeting;
Class II Directors – currently three Directors whose terms expire at the 2020 Annual Meeting; and
Class III Directors – currently three Directors whose terms expire at the 2019 Annual Meeting.
Upon recommendation of the Nominating and Governance Committee, the Board has nominated Mr. Jonathan W. Ayers, Dr. Stuart M. Essig and Ms. M. Anne Szostak, our three current Class III Directors, for re-election as Class III Directors, and shareholders are being asked to elect them for three-year terms expiring at the 2022 Annual Meeting.
This section includes additional information about Board refreshment and succession planning and the Director nomination process, including requisite criteria, experiences, qualification and skills, as well as the Class III Director nominees and the Board.
RECOMMENDATION OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS
The Board of Directors recommends that you vote “FOR” the election of Mr. Ayers, Dr. Essig and Ms. Szostak.
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2019 Proxy Statement | 23

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Board Refreshment and Succession Planning
The Nominating and Governance Committee identifies, reviews and recommends candidates for nomination to our Board in accordance with its charter and our Corporate Governance Guidelines. To ensure that it is selecting candidates who will contribute to Board effectiveness and the continued fulfillment of our Purpose, the Nominating and Governance Committee actively plans for Board succession and refreshment throughout the entire year:
Strategic and Risk Review 
This annual strategic planning process and enterprise risk assessment informs the Nominating and Governance Committee’s understanding of the specific skill sets that would contribute to Board effectiveness
 
 
Board Self-Assessment 
Nominating and Governance Committee uses this annual assessment to identify any future needs — particularly in light of our long-term strategy, risks and potential Director retirements
 
 
Board Composition Review 
Nominating and Governance Committee annually reviews the Board composition and each Director’s skill set
 
 
Recruitment and Nomination Process 
Nominating and Governance Committee identifies and evaluates potential candidates, and the Board recommends nominees
 
 
Election 
Shareholders vote on nominees
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Six new Directors joined the Board in the past seven years
Each year, the Nominating and Governance Committee leverages insights from the Board’s annual review of our long-term strategic plan and related risk assessment to identify the capabilities, skills and experiences that it believes would best enable our Board to support our Purpose, including the creation of exceptional long-term shareholder value, in both the present time and the future.
The Nominating and Governance Committee then considers the results of our annual Board self-assessment and evaluates the Board’s composition and each Director’s skill set to determine whether our Directors’ current capabilities, skills and experiences align with the long-term needs of our Board.
Based on its review, coupled with our Director age limit in our Corporate Governance Guidelines — which requires each Director to retire at the next Annual Meeting after his or her 73rd birthday, except as may be approved by the Board — the Nominating and Governance Committee determines whether and when Board refreshment is needed, as well as the capabilities, skills and experiences that candidates should possess.
The Nominating and Governance Committee then engages in the process described below under “Director Nomination Process.” Once candidates are recommended to the Board, the Board selects nominees to be voted upon by our shareholders.


24 | 2019 Proxy Statement



CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

Director Nomination Process
1
 
2
 
 
 
The Nominating and Governance Committee identifies, evaluates, recruits and makes recommendations to the Board regarding candidates to fill vacancies on the Board using the criteria described below. The process followed by the Nominating and Governance Committee includes:
    Receiving recommendations from the Board, management and shareholders;
    Actively seeking out and identifying diverse potential candidates who fit the Board’s search criteria;
    Holding meetings to evaluate biographical information and background material relating to potential candidates; and
    Interviewing selected candidates.
In addition, the Nominating and Governance Committee, in some instances, will engage an executive search firm to assist in recruiting candidates. In such cases, the executive search firm assists the Nominating and Governance Committee in:
    Identifying a diverse slate of potential candidates who fit the Board’s search criteria;
    Obtaining candidate resumes and other biographical information;
    Conducting initial interviews to assess candidates’ qualifications, fit and interest in serving on the Board;
    Scheduling interviews with the Nominating and Governance Committee, other members of the Board and management;
    Performing reference checks; and
    Assisting in finalizing arrangements with candidates who receive an offer to join the Board.
Criteria and Experiences, Qualifications and Skills
To be considered for nomination to the Board, a candidate must meet the following minimum criteria:
Reputation for integrity, honesty and adherence to high ethical standards;
Demonstrated business acumen, experience and ability to exercise sound judgment in matters that relate to our current and long-term objectives;
Willingness and ability to contribute positively to our decision-making process;
Record of substantial achievement in one or more areas that are relevant to us and a general understanding of the issues facing public companies of a size and operational scope similar to us;
Commitment to understanding us and our industry and to devoting adequate time and effort to Board responsibilities, including regularly attending and participating in Board and Committee meetings;
Interest in and understanding of the sometimes conflicting interests of our various constituencies, which include shareholders, employees, customers, government entities, creditors and the general public, and willingness to act in the interests of all shareholders; and
Absence of any conflict of interest, or appearance of a conflict of interest, that would impair the Director’s ability to represent the interests of all of our shareholders and to fulfill the responsibilities of a Director.
The Nominating and Governance Committee and the Board are also focused on ensuring that a wide range of backgrounds and experiences are represented on our Board and consider the value of diversity of all types in the Director nomination process. For more information, see the discussion under “Diversity” on page 38.
In addition, in evaluating potential candidates, the Nominating and Governance Committee considers whether the candidates possess the desired capabilities, skills and experiences that would best enable our Board to support our Purpose, including the creation of exceptional long-term shareholder value, in both the present time and the future, as described above under “Board Refreshment and Succession Planning,” and whether the candidates meet the other applicable requirements under the Corporate Governance Guidelines, including the Director independence requirements described under “Director Independence” beginning on page 33 and the maximum number of directorships generally permitted for our Directors. The Corporate Governance Guidelines provide that, unless an exception has been granted by the Board:
Directors cannot serve on more than four other public company boards;
Audit Committee members cannot serve on more than two other public company audit committees or, if an Audit Committee member is a retired certified public accountant, chief financial officer or controller, or is a retired executive with similar experience, then he or she cannot serve on more than three other public company audit committees; and
Directors who are chief executive officers of other public companies cannot serve on more than two other public company boards (including the board of their employer).


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Shareholder Recommendation and Nomination of Directors
Shareholders who want to recommend a nominee for Director should submit the name of the nominee to our Corporate Vice President, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary at our principal executive offices, together with biographical information and background material sufficient for the Nominating and Governance Committee to evaluate the recommended candidate based on its selection criteria, as well as a statement as to whether the shareholder or group of shareholders making the recommendation has beneficially owned more than 5% of our common stock for at least a year as of the date the recommendation is made. Assuming that appropriate biographical and background material has been provided on a timely basis, the Nominating and Governance Committee will apply the same criteria, and follow substantially the same process, in considering each qualifying shareholder recommendation as it does in considering other candidates. If the Board determines to nominate a shareholder-recommended candidate and recommends his or her election, then his or her name will be included on the proxy card for our next Annual Meeting.
Shareholders also have the right under our Amended and Restated By-Laws to nominate Director candidates directly, without any action or recommendation on the part of the Nominating and Governance Committee or the Board, by following the procedures described under “Requirements for Submission of Proxy Proposals, Nomination of Directors and Other Business of Shareholders” beginning on page 88. Candidates nominated by shareholders directly in accordance with the procedures set forth in our Amended and Restated By-Laws will not be included on our proxy card for the next Annual Meeting, but may be included on proxies the nominating shareholders seek independently, unless both the nominating shareholder(s) and the candidates nominated by them satisfy the requirements of our proxy access bylaw, as described above under “Notable Corporate Governance Highlights” on page 12.
Majority Voting and Director Resignation
Our Amended and Restated By-Laws provide that, in an election of Directors where the number of nominees does not exceed the number of Directors to be elected, a nominee who does not receive a majority of votes cast with respect to his or her election will not be elected.
Pursuant to our Director Resignation Policy included in our Corporate Governance Guidelines, a Director who is not re-elected is required to promptly tender his or her resignation, and the Nominating and Governance Committee would make a recommendation to the Board as to whether to accept the resignation. Following the Nominating and Governance Committee’s recommendation, the Board would determine whether or not to accept that Director’s resignation, considering any factors it deems relevant. Under this policy, the Board is required to act on the recommendation of the Nominating and Governance Committee within 90 days of the certification of the shareholder vote.


26 | 2019 Proxy Statement



CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

Director Nominees and Board Biographies
Upon recommendation of the Nominating and Governance Committee, the Board has nominated Mr. Jonathan W. Ayers, Dr. Stuart M. Essig and Ms. M. Anne Szostak, our current Class III Directors, for re-election as Class III Directors, and shareholders are being asked to re-elect them for three-year terms expiring at the 2022 Annual Meeting.
Dr. Essig and Ms. Szostak each meet NASDAQ Stock Market (“NASDAQ”) independence requirements, and all of our nominees have consented to serve, if elected. If any of the nominees becomes unable to serve, proxies can be voted for a substitute nominee, or the Board may choose to reduce the size of the Board.
In February 2019, the Nominating and Governance Committee reviewed the experience, qualifications, attributes and skills of each of the current Directors and the Class III Director nominees and concluded that each Class III Director nominee has the requisite background, qualifications and personal characteristics to serve as a Director in light of the Company’s business and structure.
In support of this conclusion, the Nominating and Governance Committee believes that:
All of the Class III Director nominees have served as chief executive officers and held other senior leadership positions in significant organizations, including U.S. public companies. These experiences have honed their analytical skills and leadership capabilities, developed their expertise in core disciplines and provided them with insight into the challenges and issues that we may face, which will enable effective execution of their oversight responsibilities;
Both independent Class III Director nominees have served and continue to serve on other public company boards. These experiences develop expertise and provide perspective into board operations and dynamics, the role of public company boards and corporate governance and other relevant matters;
Each Class III Director nominee has capably served as a Director since joining the Board and demonstrated a willingness and ability to contribute to the Board’s overall effectiveness, including in Board leadership roles; and
Each Class III Director nominee contributes unique and highly-valued skills to a diverse and well-functioning Board, which has an appropriate mix of short-, medium- and longer-tenured Directors who balance fresh perspectives with institutional knowledge.
Biographical information for all of our Directors, including the Class III Director nominees, is provided below, along with information regarding some key experiences, qualifications, attributes and skills that our Directors bring to the Board. There are no family relationships among the executive officers or Directors of IDEXX.
For a summary of key information regarding the composition and qualifications of our Board, see the information above on page 13 under “Board Composition and Skills.”


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Class III Director Nominees Whose Terms Would Expire in 2022
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Jonathan W. Ayers
Chairman of the Board, President and Chief Executive Officer
Age: 62
Director since: January 2002
Committees:
None

 
Mr. Ayers has been the Chairman of the Board, President and Chief Executive Officer of IDEXX since January 2002. Before joining IDEXX, Mr. Ayers held various executive leadership positions at United Technologies Corporation and its business unit Carrier Corporation from 1995 to 2001. Prior to that, Mr. Ayers held various investment banking positions at Morgan Stanley & Co. for nine years. Mr. Ayers holds an undergraduate degree in molecular biophysics and biochemistry from Yale University and graduated from Harvard Business School in 1983 with high distinction.
Qualifications 
As our President and Chief Executive Officer for more than seventeen years, Mr. Ayers brings outstanding leadership skills, a long-term strategic vision for IDEXX rooted in our Purpose and a deep understanding of IDEXX, our technologies, customers, employees and markets — including our primary market: global pet healthcare. Since his arrival at IDEXX in 2002, we have consistently generated exceptional, above-market returns through continuous innovation. Mr. Ayers also brings significant and diverse experience in many relevant areas, including global business strategy, management, finance, business development, marketing, product development and software technology. In addition, in his role as Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer, he strongly connects the Board with management and enables effective Board oversight that is informed by his broad and deep knowledge of IDEXX and its business.
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Stuart M. Essig, PhD
Independent Director
Age: 57
Director since: July 2017
Committees:
Finance
Nominating and Governance
Other current public company director service:
    Integra LifeSciences Holdings Corporation (since 1997) (Chairman since 2012)
    SeaSpine Holdings Corporation (since 2015) (Lead Director since 2015)
    Owens & Minor, Inc. (since 2013)
Former public company
director service:
    St. Jude Medical, Inc. (1999 to 2017)
    Vital Signs, Inc. (1998 to 2002)
    Zimmer Biomet Holdings, Inc. (2005 to 2008)
 
Dr. Essig has served as the Chairman of the Board of Directors of Integra LifeSciences Holdings Corporation since January 2012, and he first joined Integra’s Board of Directors in December 1997. In addition, Dr. Essig was Integra’s Chief Executive Officer from December 1997 until June 2012. Since 2012, he has also served as Managing Director of Prettybrook Partners LLC, a family office firm focused on investing in the healthcare industry. He is an Executive in Residence at Cardinal Partners and a Venture Partner at Wellington Partners Advisory AG, both venture capital firms, and a Senior Advisor to TowerBrook Capital Partners and Water Street Healthcare Partners. He serves as Chairman of the Board of Directors of privately-held Breg, Inc., and on the board of directors of Availity, LLC. Before joining Integra, Dr. Essig was a managing director in mergers and acquisitions for Goldman, Sachs and Co., specializing in the medical device, pharmaceutical and biotechnology sectors. Dr. Essig has also served on the executive committee, nominating and governance committee and as treasurer of ADVAMED, the Advanced Medical Technology Association. Dr. Essig holds an undergraduate degree from the Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs at Princeton University and a PhD in financial economics and an M.B.A. from the University of Chicago.
Qualifications
As the former Chief Executive Officer of Integra LifeSciences Holdings Corporation and its current Chairman of the Board, Dr. Essig has extensive executive leadership experience in developing, executing and overseeing the corporate strategy of a rapidly growing medical device company. Dr. Essig also brings broad knowledge of the healthcare industry and deep capital markets, investment and financial services expertise. Dr. Essig’s service on public company boards, including in leadership roles, provides valuable additional perspective on governance and other board-related matters.


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M. Anne Szostak
Independent Director
Age: 68
Director since: July 2012
Committees:
Audit
Compensation (Chair)
Other current public company director service:
    Tupperware Brands Corporation (since 2000)
Former public company
director service:
    Belo Corporation (2004 to 2013)
    ChoicePoint Corporation (2005 to 2008)
    Dr. Pepper Snapple Group, Inc. (2008 to 2018)
    SFN Group, Inc. (2005 to 2011)
 
Ms. Szostak had a 31-year career with Fleet/Boston Financial Group (now Bank of America), a diversified financial services company, until her retirement in 2004. She served as Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Fleet Bank-Rhode Island from 2001 to 2003, Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer of Fleet-Maine from 1991 to 1994, and Corporate Executive Vice President and Chief Human Resources Officer of FleetBoston Financial Group from 1998 to 2004. After her retirement, Ms. Szostak founded Szostak Partners, an executive coaching and human resources consulting firm, and as President of Szostak Partners, she provides strategic advice and counsel to clients. Ms. Szostak holds an undergraduate degree from Colby College, and she has completed several executive education programs at Harvard Business School.
Qualifications 
Through her executive leadership roles at Fleet/Boston Financial Group, including serving as a chief executive officer of two major bank subsidiaries, Ms. Szostak brings extensive leadership, management, financial services and human resources experience to the Board. In particular, Ms. Szostak has deep expertise in human capital management, which is a key driver for our strategy of innovation. Ms. Szostak also leverages her substantial public company board experience, including in committee chair roles, in her service on our Board, including as Chair of the Compensation Committee.
Class I Directors Whose Terms Expire in 2021
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Bruce L. Claflin
Independent Director
Age: 67
Director since: July 2015
Committees:
Audit
Nominating and Governance (Chair)
Other current public company director service:
    Ciena Corporation (since 2006)
Former public company
director service:
    Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. (2003 to 2017) (Chairman 2009 to 2016)
    3Com Corporation (2001 to 2006)
    Time Warner Telecom (2000 to 2003)
 
Mr. Claflin served as President, Chief Executive Officer and a member of the board of directors of 3Com Corporation from January 2001 until his retirement in 2006, and he served as President and Chief Operating Officer of 3Com from August 1998 to January 2001. Before joining 3Com, Mr. Claflin worked at Digital Equipment Corporation as Senior Vice President, Sales and Marketing, from 1997 to 1998, and as Vice President and General Manager of the PC Business Unit from 1995 to 1997. Before joining Digital Equipment Corporation, Mr. Claflin worked at International Business Machines Corporation (IBM) for 22 years, where he held senior management positions in sales, marketing, research and development and manufacturing. Mr. Claflin holds an undergraduate degree in Political Science from Pennsylvania State University.
Qualifications 
As the past Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of 3Com Corporation, a large international public technology company, Mr. Claflin brings extensive leadership, management and corporate strategy experience. Through Mr. Claflin’s various executive and senior management roles at IBM and Digital Equipment Corporation, he acquired significant experience in manufacturing, operations and international business transactions, as well as a deep understanding of advanced technology. Mr. Claflin’s service on other public company boards, including as the non-employee Executive Chairman of the Board of Advanced Micro Devices, a global semiconductor company, offers valuable perspectives.


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Daniel M. Junius
Independent Director
Age: 66
Director since: March 2014
Committees:
Audit (Chair)
Finance
Other current public company director service:
    GlycoMimetics, Inc. (since 2016)
Former public company
director service:
    ImmunoGen, Inc. (2008 to 2018)
    Vitae Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
(July 2016 to October 2016)
 
Mr. Junius was President and Chief Executive Officer of ImmunoGen, Inc. from 2009 until his retirement in May 2016. Before that, he served as President and Chief Operating Officer and Acting Chief Financial Officer of ImmunoGen from July 2008 to December 2008, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer from 2006 to July 2008, and Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer from 2005 to 2006. Before joining ImmunoGen, Mr. Junius was Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of New England Business Service, Inc. from 2002 until its acquisition by Deluxe Corporation in 2004, and he was Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of New England Business Services from 1998 to 2002. Before joining New England Business Services, Mr. Junius was Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Nashua Corporation from 1996 to 1998. Mr. Junius joined Nashua Corporation in 1984 and held various financial management positions of increasing responsibility before becoming Chief Financial Officer of Nashua Corporation in 1996. Mr. Junius holds an undergraduate degree in Political Science from Boston College and a Masters in Management from Northwestern University’s Kellogg School of Management.
Qualifications 
As the former Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer of ImmunoGen, a public biotechnology company, Mr. Junius has extensive leadership, management, strategic planning and financial experience in the biotechnology field. Over the course of almost 20 years as the chief financial officer of various companies, Mr. Junius gained substantial expertise in the review and preparation of financial statements, which provides valuable perspective as the Chair of the Audit Committee. Mr. Junius’s service on other public company boards, including as audit committee chair, brings additional insight to his Board service and leadership.
Class II Directors Whose Terms Expire in 2020
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Rebecca M. Henderson, PhD
Independent Director
Age: 58
Director since: July 2003
Committees:
Compensation
Finance (Chair)
Other current public company director service:
    Amgen, Inc. (since 2009)
 
Dr. Henderson has been the John and Natty McArthur University Professor at Harvard University since 2011. Before joining Harvard’s faculty, from 1998 to 2009 Dr. Henderson served as the Eastman Kodak Professor of Management, Sloan School of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Dr. Henderson is also a research fellow at the National Bureau of Economic Research and a fellow of both the British Academy and of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. Dr. Henderson holds an undergraduate degree from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and a PhD in business economics from Harvard University.
Qualifications 
As a Harvard Business School professor of general management and strategy and an author of both books and articles regarding sustainability, strategy and innovation, Dr. Henderson brings substantial expertise in corporate strategy, sustainability, compensation practices, corporate responsibility and governance issues, with a particular focus on high-technology businesses. This expertise, combined with her deep knowledge of and insight into our businesses, operations and organization from her more than fifteen years of service on the Board, uniquely positions Dr. Henderson to offer valuable insights into the organizational and strategic issues faced by IDEXX.


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Lawrence D. Kingsley
Independent Lead Director
Age: 56
Director since: October 2016, Lead Director since May 2018
Committees:
Compensation
Nominating and Governance
Other current public company director service:
    Polaris Industries Inc. (since 2016)
    Rockwell Automation, Inc.
(since 2013)
Former public company
director service:
    Cooper Industries plc
(formerly Cooper Industries Ltd.) (2007 to 2012)
    Pall Corporation (2011 to 2015)
    IDEX Corporation (2005 to 2011)
 
Mr. Kingsley served as Chairman of Pall Corporation from 2013 to 2015 and as Chief Executive Officer of Pall Corporation from 2011 to 2015, and he has served as an Advisory Director to Berkshire Partners LLC, a Boston-based investment firm, since spring of 2016. Before his experience at Pall, Mr. Kingsley was the Chief Executive Officer of IDEX Corporation, a company specializing in fluid and metering technologies, health and science technologies as well as fire, safety and other diversified products, from 2005 to 2011, and the Chief Operating Officer of IDEX from August 2004 to March 2005. From 1995 to 2004, he held various positions at Danaher Corporation of increasing responsibility, including Corporate Vice President and Group Executive from March 2004 to August 2004, President of Industrial Controls Group from April 2002 to July 2004, and President of Motion Group, Special Purpose Systems, from January 2001 to March 2002. Mr. Kingsley holds an undergraduate degree in Industrial Engineering and Management from Clarkson University and an M.B.A. from the College of William and Mary.
Qualifications 
As the former chief executive officers of Pall Corporation and IDEX Corporation, Mr. Kingsley successfully led high-technology, high-growth, multinational public companies and demonstrated his leadership and outstanding executive management and operational skills. Mr. Kingsley also brings strategic planning and financial expertise. Mr. Kingsley’s experience serving on other public company boards brings additional valuable perspectives to his Board service, including as our independent Lead Director.

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Sophie V. Vandebroek, PhD
Independent Director
Age: 57
Director since: July 2013
Committees:
Finance
Nominating and Governance
Former public company
director service:
    Analogic Corporation (2008 to 2016)

 
Dr. Vandebroek has been Vice President, Emerging Technology Partnerships for International Business Machines, Inc. (IBM) since August 2018. She was previously Chief Operating Officer – IBM Research since January 2017. Prior to joining IBM, she was an executive with Xerox Corporation where she served as Chief Technology Officer and Corporate Vice President of Xerox Corporation and President of the Xerox Innovation Group from 2006 to 2016 and was Chief Engineer of Xerox Corporation from 2002 to 2005. Dr. Vandebroek was also responsible for overseeing Xerox’s global research centers, including the Palo Alto Research Center, or PARC Inc. Dr. Vandebroek has been a member of the Advisory Council of the Dean of the School of Engineering at Massachusetts Institute of Technology since 2010. She is a Fellow of the Institute of Electrical & Electronics Engineers, a Fulbright Fellow and a Fellow of the Belgian-American Educational Foundation. Dr. Vandebroek holds an undergraduate degree in engineering and a master’s degree in electro-mechanical engineering from KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium, and a PhD in electrical engineering from Cornell University.
Qualifications 
Through her executive global roles at IBM and Xerox, Dr. Vandebroek brings substantial knowledge and expertise in technology, business processes and cybersecurity, as well as a long track record of innovation and managing balanced research and development portfolios and leading large diverse and inclusive organizations for global enterprises. Dr. Vandebroek’s experience in research and development and innovation is particularly relevant for IDEXX in light of our commitment to innovation as a strategy and extensive investment in research and development.


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Our Corporate Governance Framework
We are proud of our commitment to sound corporate governance and high ethical standards, and we believe that this commitment has contributed to our success in building long-term value for our shareholders.
Our corporate governance framework includes our corporate governance policies and practices and provides the structure that enables our Board to provide effective oversight and counsel for the Company.
 
Visit the Corporate Governance section of our website, www.idexx.com, to learn more about, and access copies of, our corporate documents and corporate governance policies, including:
Corporate Governance Guidelines
Code of Ethics
Certificate of Incorporation
Amended and Restated By-Laws
Charter for each of our Board Committees
Hard copies of these documents may be obtained upon request by contacting our Corporate Vice President, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary at IDEXX Laboratories, Inc., One IDEXX Drive, Westbrook, Maine 04092.
Information on our website does not constitute part of this Proxy Statement.
 
Corporate Governance at a Glance
Independence
All of our Directors are independent, other than our CEO.
Our Board Committees are composed exclusively of independent Directors.
Strategy, Risk Management and Succession Planning
Annual corporate strategy review by the Board.
Risk management oversight by the Board and its Committees.
Active Board participation in succession planning for our CEO and other members of senior management, including each of our other NEOs.
Executive Sessions
Our independent Directors held executive sessions at every regularly scheduled Board meeting in 2018.
Board Accountability
Majority voting for Directors in uncontested elections.
Proxy access rights.
Rigorous annual self-assessment of the Board, its Committees and the Directors.
Robust Director nominee selection process.
Director retirement at the next Annual Meeting following his or her 73rd birthday, except as may be approved by the Board.
Diversity
Actively seek highly-qualified diverse candidates (including gender and ethnically diverse candidates) to include in the pool of potential Board nominees.
Two of our eight Directors were born and raised outside the U.S., three of eight are women, and six of eight are former or current chief executive officers.
Independent Lead Director
A strong independent Lead Director selected annually by the other independent Directors.
Stock Ownership Guidelines
The target stock ownership levels are set forth below:
Independent Directors – six times the annual cash retainer (currently $450,000 in stock value)
CEO – ten times annual base salary (currently $8 million in stock value)
Executive Vice Presidents – four times annual base salary
Corporate Vice Presidents – one times annual base salary
Additional Policies that Promote Alignment with Interests of Shareholders
Anti-Hedging and Short Sale policy for Directors and employees.
Anti-Pledging policy for Directors and executive officers.
Clawback policy applicable to performance-based incentive compensation.


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Board of Directors and Its Oversight of IDEXX
Our Board currently has eight members. The Board meets throughout the year on a set schedule, and it also holds special meetings and acts by written consent from time to time as appropriate. The Board has delegated various responsibilities and authority to its four standing Committees: the Audit Committee; the Compensation Committee; the Nominating and Governance Committee; and the Finance Committee. For more information regarding the Board Committees, see the discussion under “Board Committees” beginning on page 38.
The Board is responsible for monitoring the overall performance of IDEXX. Among other things, the Board, directly and through its Committees:
Oversees our long-term strategy for creating enduring growth and shareholder value-creation;
Reviews and approves our key financial and other objectives, the annual budget and other significant actions and transactions;
Oversees our processes for maintaining the integrity of our financial statements and other public disclosures and our compliance with law and high ethical standards;
Oversees the prudent management of risk;
Reviews plans for CEO succession and management’s succession planning for other key executive officers; and
Reviews the performance of the CEO and determines the compensation of our executive officers.
In accordance with general corporate legal principles applicable to corporations organized under the laws of Delaware, the Board does not manage the day-to-day operations of IDEXX.
Board Meetings and Attendance
Directors are responsible for attending Board and Committee meetings and for devoting the time needed to discharge their responsibilities properly. The Board held six meetings in 2018, and the Committees held a total of twenty-one meetings in 2018.
Each of our Directors attended at least 75% of the meetings of the Board and Committees on which he or she served in 2018. It is our policy to schedule Board and Committee meetings to coincide with the Annual Meeting, and Directors are expected to attend the 2019 Annual Meeting. Last year, all of the individuals then serving as Directors attended our 2018 Annual Meeting.
Director Independence
Under our Corporate Governance Guidelines, a majority of our Directors must be “independent” as defined by the rules of NASDAQ. Each Committee’s charter requires its members to be independent as defined by NASDAQ rules. Additional independence criteria are also required to be satisfied by Directors serving on the Audit Committee and the Compensation Committee, as follows:
Under the Audit Committee charter, each Audit Committee member is also required to satisfy the independence criteria set forth in Rule 10A-3(b)(1) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”); and
Under the Compensation Committee charter, each Compensation Committee member is also required to satisfy the heightened independence standard described in NASDAQ Rule 5605(d)(2)(A) and to qualify as a “non-employee director” pursuant to Rule 16b-3 under the Exchange Act.
The Board, in consultation with the Nominating and Governance Committee, determines the independence of each Director. In February 2019, the Board determined that:
Each of the Directors other than Mr. Ayers, who is our President and CEO, is independent under NASDAQ rules;
Each Audit Committee member satisfies the independence criteria of Rule 10A-3(b)(1) under the Exchange Act; and
After taking into consideration the applicable factors, each Compensation Committee member satisfies the independence criteria of NASDAQ rules and qualifies as a “non-employee director” pursuant to Rule 16b-3 under the Exchange Act and an “outside director” within the meaning of 162(m) of the Code.


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In determining Dr. Vandebroek’s independence, the Nominating and Governance Committee considered one relationship involving Dr. Vandebroek. Specifically, the Nominating and Governance Committee considered the fact that Dr. Vandebroek has, since August 2018, served as Vice President, Emerging Technologies of International Business Machines Corporation (“IBM”), a provider of software licenses and software consulting and other related services for the Company, and previously served as Chief Operating Officer of IBM Research, the corporate research lab of IBM, from January 2017 to August 2018. In reviewing this relationship, the Nominating and Governance Committee considered several factors, including among other things:
The fact that the Company’s relationship with IBM predated Dr. Vandebroek joining IBM;
That Dr. Vandebroek did not participate in the negotiation of any transactions by the Company with IBM for its services to the Company;
That such services were provided by IBM on arm’s length terms and conditions and in the ordinary course of business; and
That the services provided by IBM are routine and limited in scope (the Company paid IBM approximately $8,000 in 2016, $19,600 in 2017 and $8,500 in 2018 for software licenses and related services).
Based on the factors considered by the Nominating and Governance Committee, it concluded that these transactions would not affect Dr. Vandebroek’s independence.
Related Person Transactions
Our Board has adopted a written Related Person Transaction Policy under which the Audit Committee is required to review and approve any transaction involving more than $120,000 in which the Company is a participant and in which any related person has or will have a direct or indirect material interest. The Audit Committee may approve any such transaction only if it determines that, under all of the applicable circumstances, the transaction is not inconsistent with the best interests of the Company.
A related person under this policy is:
Any executive officer;
A Director, or nominee for Director;
A holder of 5% or more of our common stock; or
An immediate family member of any of those persons.
The policy provides that a “direct or indirect material interest” does not arise solely from the related person’s position as an executive officer of another entity involved in a transaction with the Company, where:
The related person owns less than a 10% equity interest in such entity;
The related person and his or her immediate family members are not involved in the negotiation of the terms of the transaction and do not receive any special benefits as a result of the transaction;
The amount involved in the transaction equals less than the greater of $200,000 or 5% of the annual gross revenue of the other entity involved in the transaction; and
The amount involved in the transaction equals less than 2% of the consolidated gross revenues of the Company for its most recent fiscal year.
Since January 1, 2018, there have been no related person transactions requiring review and approval by the Audit Committee under the Related Person Transaction Policy.
Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation
Ms. Szostak (Chair), Mr. William T. End (a former Director who retired from the Board in May 2018), Dr. Essig, Dr. Henderson and Mr. Kingsley served on the Compensation Committee during 2018. There were no Compensation Committee interlocks or insider (employee) participation during 2018.


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Board Leadership Structure
The Board is led by Mr. Ayers, who serves as the Chairman of the Board, and by Mr. Kingsley, who serves as our independent Lead Director. Mr. Ayers has been the Chairman of the Board since joining the Company as CEO in 2002. Under our Corporate Governance Guidelines, when the Chairman of the Board is not an independent Director, the independent Directors annually elect a Lead Director from among the independent Directors.
The Chairman of the Board has no greater nor lesser vote on matters considered by the Board than any other Director. All Directors, including the Chairman, are bound by fiduciary obligations imposed by law. As discussed above under “Director Independence,” each Director other than Mr. Ayers is an independent director under NASDAQ rules, and every member of each standing Committee is also independent under those rules.
The Board is free to select the Chairman of the Board and the CEO in any way it deems best for our shareholders at any point in time, and the Board does not have a predetermined policy as to whether or not the roles of Chairman of the Board and CEO should be combined or separate. Pursuant to our Corporate Governance Guidelines, the Nominating and Governance Committee annually assesses the Board’s leadership structure, including whether the roles of Chairman of the Board and CEO should be combined or separate and why the Board’s leadership structure is appropriate given the specific characteristics or circumstances of the Company.
In February 2019, the Nominating and Governance Committee conducted that annual assessment and determined that a combined full-time Chairman of the Board and CEO, subject to oversight by the Company’s independent Directors, including an independent Lead Director, is appropriate for the following reasons:
First, the CEO is responsible for the day-to-day management of the Company and the development and implementation of the Company’s strategy, and has access to the people, information and resources necessary to facilitate Board functions. As such, the Board believes that the CEO is best positioned to develop the agenda for the Board supported by regular consultation and input from the Lead Director, and to lead discussions at Board meetings regarding the Company’s strategy, operations and results;
Second, it is the Board’s opinion that Mr. Ayers’s interests, including through a meaningful and growing ownership of our common stock, are aligned with the interests of our shareholders;
Third, during Mr. Ayers’s seventeen-year tenure as Chairman and CEO, the Company has generated a compound annual return to shareholders of 21%;
Fourth, this structure reinforces Mr. Ayers’s accountability and responsibility for our business and strategy and clearly establishes Mr. Ayers as the one voice speaking on behalf of the Company to all stakeholders; and
Fifth, as described above, oversight of the Company is the responsibility of the Board as a whole, which is composed entirely of independent Directors, other than Mr. Ayers, including an independent Lead Director with clearly defined leadership duties and responsibilities as described below.
Lead Director
The position of Lead Director has significant authority and responsibilities under the Corporate Governance Guidelines, including:
Board Meetings and
Executive Sessions
Chairing the executive sessions of the independent Directors, which occur at each regularly scheduled Board meeting, to discuss, among other things, the performance of the CEO. Scheduling, as and when needed, executive sessions of the independent Directors in addition to those occurring at each regularly scheduled Board meeting.
Communications with Chairman and CEO
Facilitating communications between Board members and the Chairman of the Board and/or CEO (although any Director is free to communicate directly with the Chairman of the Board and CEO).
Agendas
Working with the Chairman of the Board and the CEO in preparing the agenda for each Board meeting.
Corporate Governance
Consulting with and advising the Chairman of the Board and/or the CEO on matters relating to corporate governance and Board functions.


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Annual Board Self-Assessment
The Board believes that a rigorous annual review of its performance is essential to ensuring overall Board effectiveness.
The Nominating and Governance Committee is responsible for annually evaluating the performance of the Board and its Committees and annually reviewing the performance and contribution of each of the Directors. The purpose of this evaluation is to identify ways to enhance the effectiveness of the Board, its Committees and the Directors.
Each year, the Nominating and Governance Committee discusses and approves the format and approach for the annual Board self-assessment. The process includes completion of questionnaires and interviews with each Director and selected executive officers to solicit candid feedback and gather additional suggestions for improvement. The questionnaires also include opportunities for each Director to reflect on his or her own performance, as well as the performance of the other Directors. The responses and comments of the Directors and selected executive officers are then compiled and presented by the Lead Director to the Nominating and Governance Committee and the Board for discussion and action.
The information obtained through this annual process has informed Board and Committee meeting agenda topics, enhancements to our continuing education program for the Directors and the Nominating and Governance Committee's active planning for Board succession and refreshment throughout the year.
Board’s Oversight of Our Strategy
Management annually presents the Company’s long-term business and financial strategic plan to the Board for review and discussion. These presentations include overviews of the business and market trends, historical financial performance, assessments of opportunities for long-term growth and margin expansion and projected long-term financial performance. This annual corporate strategy review is accompanied by a presentation on the results of management’s annual enterprise risk assessment (including an analysis of strategic risks), as described below under “Board’s Role in Risk Management Oversight.” The Board acts as a strategic partner in this process, offering insight and additional perspectives and challenging management to identify and assess weaknesses, opportunities and threats to the continuing creation of enduring growth and shareholder value under the presented plan.
In addition to this annual corporate strategy review, the Board is involved in strategic planning and review throughout the year:
Management regularly presents information to the Board regarding the Company’s various business segments, their markets and strategic priorities, as well as trends expected to pose significant risks or strategic opportunities for IDEXX.
The Board annually reviews and approves our key financial and other objectives and budget.
Management regularly presents its capital allocation and deployment plans to the Finance Committee and the Board for review and discussion, and the Board (or the appropriate Committee) approves specific significant actions and transactions, to ensure that we deploy our capital to create long-term value for our shareholders, including through capital and operating expenditures or strategic acquisitions that support future innovation or growth, as well as share repurchases that return cash to our shareholders.


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Board’s Role in Risk Management Oversight
Management is responsible for our enterprise risk assessment and risk management on a day-to-day basis. The Board oversees our risk management activities directly and through its Committees, including by discussing with management the policies and practices utilized in assessing and managing risks and providing input on those policies and practices.
In general, the Board oversees risk management activities relating to business strategy, acquisitions, capital allocation and structure, legal, compliance and regulatory risk, operational risks, and environmental and social risks that are most relevant to our business.
 
 
 
 
The Audit Committee oversees risk management activities relating to accounting, auditing, internal controls, information system controls, Code of Ethics compliance monitoring and insurance matters.
The Compensation Committee 
oversees risk management activities relating to the Company’s compensation policies and practices and organizational risk (including effective management of executive succession).
The Nominating and Governance Committee oversees risk management activities relating to Board composition, function and succession and other corporate governance matters.
The Finance Committee oversees risk management activities relating to investment policy, foreign currency hedging activities and financial instruments.
Each Committee reports to the full Board on a regular basis, including with respect
to its risk management oversight activities as appropriate.
We conduct an annual enterprise risk assessment as part of our annual strategic planning process. The risk assessment process involves an identification and assessment by senior line of business and functional leaders of the particular risks relevant to their lines of business and functional areas (including legal, compliance and regulatory risks, as well as environmental and social risks), the materiality of those risks, our risk tolerances and plans to mitigate them to the extent prudent and feasible. The identified risks are ranked based on probability of occurrence and severity of impact and maturity of related controls. Management shares the result of this annual risk assessment with the full Board in conjunction with the Board’s annual review and discussion of the Company’s long-term business and financial strategic plan described above under “Board’s Oversight of Our Strategy.” Management also reviews specific risk areas, such as cybersecurity risk, on a regular basis with the Board. Our Chief Information Officer and other members of senior management who lead our cybersecurity risk management program provide regular updates to the Board regarding cybersecurity risks and our cybersecurity risk management program and activities. In addition, certain other risks and related mitigation plans are reviewed throughout the year either by the Board or its Committees as part of normal business discussions.
The Audit Committee reviews linkages between the critical risk findings, management preparedness or plans to address those risks, and the internal audit department’s tests of those plans. The Audit Committee seeks to ensure that the internal audit department can perform its function by reviewing the charter, plans, activities, staffing and organizational structure of the internal audit department, and approving the appointment, replacement, reassignment or dismissal of the Director of Internal Audit. The Audit Committee also provides an open channel of communication between internal audit and the Board and meets independently with the Company’s internal auditors, independent auditors and management.


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Talent Management and Executive Succession Planning
Executive succession planning and talent development are an integral part of our long-term strategy for sustained shareholder value-creation. The Compensation Committee is responsible for annually reviewing succession plans for the CEO and our other executive officers, and the Board is responsible for ensuring the existence of appropriate succession plans for these executive officers.
The CEO is responsible for preparing an annual report to the Board regarding succession planning for himself, and as part of this annual report, our CEO provides his evaluations and recommendation of potential future candidates for the position of CEO, including possible timing. In addition, the Board, both directly and through the Compensation Committee, also reviews plans for identifying and developing potential future candidates for other senior leadership roles, and the Board members interact with many of these candidates in formal and informal settings during the year.
Diversity
We believe that diversity among our employees and senior management, including but not limited to gender and ethnic diversity, helps drive both innovation and a better understanding of our increasingly global customer base. Throughout our Company, we seek to employ a broad representation of gender, ethnic and racial backgrounds in all levels of management and on the Board. We believe that senior management and Directors with a variety of backgrounds, experiences, education, skills and business knowledge will contribute to the Company’s effectiveness, and thus, we are focused on ensuring that a wide range of backgrounds and experiences are represented in the Company and on our Board. We actively seek out highly qualified, diverse candidates (including gender and ethnically diverse candidates) to include in each pool of potential senior management and Board nominees, and we consider the value of diversity of all types when evaluating nominees and assessing our Board members and senior-level management.
Board Committees
The Board has established four standing committees — an Audit Committee, a Compensation Committee, a Nominating and Governance Committee and a Finance Committee — each of which is described briefly below. Each Committee is comprised entirely of independent Directors as determined under NASDAQ rules. Each Committee acts pursuant to a written charter that is approved by the Board and reviewed annually by the applicable Committee, the Nominating and Governance Committee and the Board. Current copies of each Committee’s charter can be accessed on the Corporate Governance section of our website, www.idexx.com, or by contacting our Corporate Vice President, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary at the Company’s principal executive offices.
Members of the Committees, as of March 1, 2019, are named below:
Board Member
Audit
Compensation
Nominating &
Governance
Finance
Jonathan W. Ayers
 
 
 
 
Bruce L. Claflin(1)
idexx2019image46a.jpg
 
chairmangray.jpg
 
Stuart M. Essig, PhD
 
 
idexx2019image46a.jpg
idexx2019image46a.jpg
Rebecca M. Henderson, PhD
 
idexx2019image46a.jpg
 
chairmangray.jpg
Daniel M. Junius(1)
chairmangray.jpg
 
 
idexx2019image46a.jpg
Lawrence D. Kingsley(2)
 
idexx2019image46a.jpg
idexx2019image46a.jpg
 
M. Anne Szostak(1)
idexx2019image46a.jpg
chairmangray.jpg
 
 
Sophie V. Vandebroek, PhD
 
 
idexx2019image46a.jpg
idexx2019image46a.jpg
Number of meetings in 2018
9
4
5
3
(1)
Audit Committee Financial Expert as defined under SEC rules.
(2)
Lead Director
idexx2019image46a.jpgMember
chairicon.jpgChair


38 | 2019 Proxy Statement



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AUDIT COMMITTEE
 
 
 
Members
Meetings held in 2018:   9
Mr. Junius (chair) Mr. Claflin Ms. Szostak
 
 
Key Committee Responsibilities
The Audit Committee oversees: accounting; internal control over financial reporting; information system controls as they relate to our financial reporting process; and compliance and audit processes of the Company, including the selection, retention and oversight of the Company’s independent auditors. The Audit Committee also reviews and approves all related person transactions, and receives and reviews reports from management relating to the treatment of potential or actual violations of our Code of Ethics in accordance with our applicable policies and procedures. The Audit Committee meets from time to time with the Company’s financial personnel, other members of management, internal audit staff and independent auditors regarding these matters.
The Audit Committee has established policies and procedures for the pre-approval of all services provided by the independent auditors, which are described on page 51. The Audit Committee has also adopted procedures for the receipt, retention and treatment of complaints received by the Company regarding accounting, internal accounting controls, or auditing matters, and the confidential, anonymous submission by employees of any concerns regarding questionable accounting or auditing matters.
The Audit Committee Report is included on page 50.
COMPENSATION COMMITTEE
 
 
 
Members
Meetings held in 2018:   4
Ms. Szostak (chair) Dr. Henderson Mr. Kingsley
 
 
Key Committee Responsibilities
The Compensation Committee: oversees the executive compensation philosophy and practices of IDEXX; evaluates the performance of the CEO; determines the compensation of the CEO and approves the compensation of other executive officers; and annually reviews succession plans for the CEO and certain other executive officers of the Company.
The Compensation Committee also: has primary responsibility to oversee the administration of our incentive compensation plans for executive officers and equity compensation plans; reviews and approves stock ownership and retention guidelines applicable to the Company’s executive officers and Directors and reviews compliance with those guidelines; reviews and makes recommendations to the Board regarding compensation-related policies applicable to executive officers; and reviews and makes recommendations to the Board regarding the compensation of non-employee Directors.
In addition, the Compensation Committee: oversees the Company’s policies on structuring compensation programs to preserve tax deductibility; analyzes the risks associated with the Company’s compensation policies and practices; reviews the Compensation Discussion and Analysis and prepares the Compensation Committee Report required to be included in the Company’s annual proxy statement; and may make or recommend changes to the Company's executive compensation program and practices that it deems appropriate in light of its review of the results of the shareholder vote on the "say-on-pay" proposal set forth in the Company’s annual proxy statement.
The Compensation Committee charter does not provide for any delegation of these duties except to a sub-committee or individual members of the Committee as the Compensation Committee may determine.
The Compensation Committee Report is included on page 71.


2019 Proxy Statement | 39

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NOMINATING AND GOVERNANCE COMMITTEE
 
 
 
Members
 
Meetings held in 2018:   5
Mr. Claflin (chair) Dr. Essig Mr. Kingsley Dr. Vandebroek
 
 
 
 
 
Key Committee Responsibilities
The Nominating and Governance Committee advises and makes recommendations to the Board with respect to corporate governance matters, including: Board composition, organization, function, membership and performance; Board committee structure and membership; the Company’s Corporate Governance Guidelines; and succession planning for the Chairman of the Board.
The Nominating and Governance Committee also identifies, evaluates, recruits and makes recommendations to the Board regarding candidates to fill vacancies on the Board as described beginning on page 24.
The Nominating and Governance Committee annually reviews the performance of the Board, its Committees and each of the Directors, as described under “Annual Board Self-Assessment” on page 36. The Nominating and Governance Committee is also responsible for annually reviewing with the Board the requisite skills and criteria for new Board members, as well as the composition of the Board as a whole, and annually assessing, for each Director or person nominated to become a Director, the specific experience, qualifications, attributes and skills, including those described on page 25, that lead the Nominating and Governance Committee to conclude that such Director or nominee should serve as a Director in light of our business and structure.
FINANCE COMMITTEE
 
 
 
Members
Meetings held in 2018:   3
Dr. Henderson (chair) Dr. Essig Mr. Junius Dr. Vandebroek
 
 
Key Committee Responsibilities
The Finance Committee advises the Board with respect to financial matters and capital allocation, including capital structure and strategies, financing strategies, investment policies and practices, major financial commitments, financial risk management, acquisitions and divestitures, stock repurchase strategies and activities and dividend policy.
The Finance Committee also, among other things: monitors our liquidity and financial condition; oversees our financial risk management activities (including foreign currency hedging and transactions involving derivatives); reviews and approves any proposed acquisition or divestiture having an aggregate value greater than $25 million but less than or equal to $50 million; makes recommendations to the Board regarding any other proposed acquisition or divestiture having an aggregate value greater than $50 million; and reviews and approves a variance in capital expenditures that in the aggregate exceeds 10% of the total budgeted amount in the applicable annual budget approved by the Board or the Finance Committee.
Corporate Governance Guidelines and Code of Ethics
The Board has adopted Corporate Governance Guidelines and a Code of Ethics, both of which can be accessed on the Corporate Governance section of our website, www.idexx.com. Hard copies may be obtained by contacting our Corporate Vice President, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary at the Company’s principal executive offices.
The Code of Ethics applies to all of our employees, officers and Directors. In addition, we intend to post on our website all disclosures that are required by law or NASDAQ listing standards concerning any amendments to, or waivers from, any provision of the Code of Ethics.


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CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

Anti-Hedging and Short Sale and Anti-Pledging Policies
The Board has adopted a Policy on Short Sales, Derivative Transactions and Hedging that generally prohibits any Director, officer or employee, or any family member or affiliate of any of the foregoing, from engaging in (i) any short sales of the Company’s securities, (ii) purchases or sales of puts, calls or other derivative securities based upon the Company’s securities, or (iii) purchases of financial instruments that are designed to hedge or offset any decrease in the market value of the Company’s securities.
The Board has also adopted a Policy on Pledging of Company Stock that prohibits our Directors and executive officers from pledging or otherwise encumbering the equity securities they own in the Company as collateral for indebtedness, including holding shares in a margin or similar account that would subject our equity securities to margin calls.
Shareholder Communication
We believe that transparent communication with our shareholders is critical for our continued success. It enables us to describe our strategy for long-term value-creation and sustainable financial performance as well as to understand the perspectives and concerns of our shareholders.
In 2018, our senior management met with representatives of many of our top institutional shareholders at industry and investment community conferences, analyst meetings and our 2018 Investor Day held at our corporate headquarters in Westbrook, Maine, in August 2018. Topics discussed included our business strategy, long-term financial potential model, financial performance, investment in R&D and innovation, capital allocation and deployment, market trends, and various other matters. Management shares with the Board any feedback provided by our shareholders.
In addition, we provide several ways for our shareholders to communicate with us. Written communications to any individual Director, the Lead Director or the full Board may be submitted by electronic mail to contactdirectors@idexx.com, by completing the online “Contact the Board” submission form available at the Company’s website at www.idexx.com/corporate/corporate-governance.html or by writing to the Office of the Corporate Secretary at One IDEXX Drive, Westbrook, Maine 04092.
Written communications sent to any individual Director will be forwarded to that Director. In addition, our Corporate Vice President, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary or her delegate reviews all written communications sent to any individual Director, the Lead Director or the Board. The Corporate Secretary will forward all such written communications to the Chairman of the Board (if the Chairman is an independent Director) or the Chair of the Nominating and Governance Committee, as applicable, for review, except for items that could not reasonably be interpreted to implicate or otherwise relate to the duties and responsibilities of the Board.
Virtual Shareholder Meeting
Our 2019 Annual Meeting will be conducted virtually through a live audio webcast, and online shareholder tools will be available. We are implementing the virtual meeting format for our 2019 Annual Meeting to enable full and equal participation by all our shareholders from any location in the world at little to no cost. We believe this is the right choice for IDEXX because:
We are a global company with shareholders all around the world;
The virtual meeting format is cost-effective and convenient for our shareholders, as well as the Company, and enables IDEXX to reduce the environmental impact of our 2019 Annual Meeting; and
Given the latest technology for holding virtual meetings and related online tools, we believe that the virtual meeting format will enhance shareholder access and participation in our 2019 Annual Meeting.


2019 Proxy Statement | 41

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We designed the format of our 2019 Annual Meeting to ensure that our shareholders who attend our 2019 Annual Meeting will be afforded the same rights and opportunities to participate as they would at an in-person meeting and to enhance shareholder access, participation and communication through online tools. For example, the format of our 2019 Annual Meeting will include the following:
An online pre-meeting forum will be available to our shareholders. Beneficial owners can enter at www.proxyvote.com and registered shareholders can enter at www.proxyvote.com/idxx. By accessing this online pre-meeting forum, our shareholders will be able to submit questions in writing in advance of our 2019 Annual Meeting, vote, view the 2019 Annual Meeting’s Rules of Conduct and Procedures and obtain copies of proxy materials and our annual report.
By following instructions on the online pre-meeting forum or at www.virtualshareholdermeeting.com/IDXX2019, shareholders will have the ability to use their telephones to dial into a live audio webcast of the meeting and verbally ask questions during the meeting. In addition, shareholders accessing the audio webcast online will be able to submit questions in writing during the meeting. As part of the 2019 Annual Meeting, we will hold a live Q&A session, during which we will answer questions as they come in and address those asked in advance, as time permits. Please note, however, that the purpose of the meeting will be observed, and questions that are determined to be irrelevant or inappropriate will not be addressed.
We will publish the answer to each question received following the 2019 Annual Meeting, including those for which there is not sufficient time to address during the meeting, except for those questions determined to be irrelevant or inappropriate.
Although the live audio webcast will be available only to shareholders at the time of the meeting, a replay of the meeting will be made publicly available at www.virtualshareholdermeeting.com/IDXX2019 after the meeting.
Non-Employee Director Compensation
Our non-employee Directors are annually compensated for their Board service as described in the chart below:
Compensation Element
Non-Employee Director Compensation Program
Cash compensation(1)
 
Annual retainer
$75,000
Committee Chair retainer
$20,000 for the Audit Committee
 
$20,000 for the Compensation Committee(2)
 
$10,000 for the Finance Committee
 
$10,000 for the Nominating and Governance Committee
Audit Committee member retainer
$5,000
Lead Director retainer
$25,000
Meeting fees
Not applicable; no fees are paid for meeting attendance
Equity compensation(3)
 
Deferred stock units
$46,250 in target value(4)
Non-qualified stock options
$138,750 in value(5)
Total
$185,000
Director stock ownership guidelines(6)
Target ownership of our common stock (including vested deferred stock units credited to a Director’s investment account) equal to six times the Annual Retainer
(1)
All retainers are paid in quarterly installments, and each non-employee Director may, at his or her option, defer all or any portion of any retainer in the form of fully vested deferred stock units under our Director Deferred Compensation Plan (the “Director Plan”). A non-employee Director who joins the Board after the date of an Annual Meeting receives a pro rata amount of his or her quarterly installment of the retainer based on the number of days until the end of the quarter during which he or she was appointed. If a non-employee Director retires, resigns or otherwise ceases to be a Director before the expiration of his or her term, he or she will receive a pro rata amount of his or her quarterly installment of the retainer based on the number of days served, divided by the number of days in the applicable quarter.
(2)
On February 14, 2018, the Board increased the amount of the annual Compensation Committee Chair retainer from $15,000 to $20,000, effective as of May 9, 2018.
(3)
We annually grant deferred stock units and non-qualified stock options to each non-employee Director on the date of the Annual Meeting. A non-employee Director who joins the Board after the date of an Annual Meeting receives a pro rata grant based on the number of months remaining until the next year’s grant. The maximum number of shares subject to equity awards granted under our 2018 Stock Incentive Plan (the "2018 Plan") during a single fiscal year to any non-employee Director, taken together with any cash fees paid during the fiscal year to the non-employee Director in respect of the Director’s service as a member of the Board during such year (including service as a member or chair of any committees of the Board), will be limited to $650,000 in total value (calculating the value of any such awards based on the grant date fair value of such awards for financial reporting purposes), provided that the non-employee Directors who are


42 | 2019 Proxy Statement



CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

considered independent (under NASDAQ rules) may make exceptions to this limit for a non-executive chair of the Board, if any, in which case the non-employee Director receiving such additional compensation may not participate in the decision to award such compensation.
(4)
The number of deferred stock units granted equals the target value, divided by the price of our common stock on the grant date, rounded to the nearest whole share. Any non-employee Director who meets the target ownership under the stock ownership guidelines at the time of the annual grant may elect to receive restricted stock units (“RSUs”), in lieu of deferred stock units. The number of RSUs granted is calculated in the same manner as deferred stock units granted.
(5)
The value of the granted non-qualified stock options is calculated using the Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing model. This model is consistent with the valuation approach used to value executive awards.
(6)
All non-employee Directors complied with the stock ownership guidelines as of December 31, 2018.
Equity Compensation
Deferred stock units and non-qualified stock options are granted to non-employee Directors annually on the date of the Annual Meeting. The most recent grant date was May 9, 2018, and the next grant date is scheduled to be on May 8, 2019, the date of the 2019 Annual Meeting.
Deferred Stock Units. Deferred stock units granted on the date of the Annual Meeting are issued under the Director Plan and fully vest on the earlier of one year from the date of grant or the date of the next Annual Meeting. These vested deferred stock units are credited to a hypothetical investment account established in the non-employee Director’s name and will be distributed as an equal number of shares of our common stock one year following the termination of the non-employee Director’s Board service. For more information regarding the deferred stock units and the Director Plan, see the discussion below under “Director Plan.”
If a non-employee Director is eligible to elect to receive RSUs in lieu of deferred stock units and makes this election, then he or she will receive RSUs that fully vest on the earlier of one year from the date of grant or the date of the next Annual Meeting.
Non-Qualified Stock Options. Non-qualified stock options are granted under the 2018 Plan and have the following terms:
Exercise price equal to the last reported sales price for a share of our common stock on the grant date;
Fully vests and is exercisable on the earlier of one year from the date of grant or the date of the next Annual Meeting;
Expires on the day immediately prior to the tenth anniversary of the grant date, except for options granted between 2006 and the day before the date of the 2013 Annual Meeting, which expire on the day immediately prior to the seventh anniversary of the grant date; and
Accelerated vesting upon a change in control of the Company as described in the discussion under “Stock Incentive Plans” beginning on page 79.
Director Plan
Each non-employee Director may defer all or any portion of any cash compensation in the form of fully vested deferred stock units, which are issued under the Director Plan and are currently subject to the terms of the 2018 Plan. The payment of cash compensation in the form of deferred stock units is considered deferred compensation for federal income tax purposes.
A hypothetical investment account is established in the name of each non-employee Director, and vested deferred stock units are credited as follows:
Any cash compensation deferred by him or her is credited to the account as the number of vested deferred stock units equal to the aggregate value of the deferred compensation divided by the price of a share of common stock on the date of the applicable deferral; and
When the grant of deferred stock units made on the date of an Annual Meeting (or any prorated grant of deferred stock units made when he or she joins the Board) vests, those vested deferred stock units also are credited to this account.
Director Plan account balances are not subject to any interest or other investment returns, other than returns produced by fluctuations in the price of a share of common stock affecting the value of the deferred stock units in the account.


2019 Proxy Statement | 43

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Deferred stock units are distributed in the form of an equal number of shares of our common stock as follows:
Deferred Stock Units from Deferred Cash Compensation. A non-employee Director may elect to receive his or her distribution in either:
A single lump sum one year after his or her last day of Board service; or
For deferrals made on or after January 1, 2011, in:
A single sum on a nondiscretionary and objectively determinable fixed date; or
Equal annual installments over four years on or after such fixed date.
Annual Grant of Deferred Stock Units. Shares are distributed one year following the termination of his or her Board service.
Emergency Distribution. If the administrator of the Director Plan determines that a non-employee Director has suffered an unforeseeable emergency, the administrator may authorize the distribution of all or a portion of his or her deferred stock units.
Unvested deferred stock units will vest immediately under the following circumstances:
Death or Disability. Unvested deferred stock units will vest immediately upon the non-employee Director’s death or disability.
Change in Control. Unvested deferred stock units will vest immediately upon a change in control of the Company. The shares of common stock in a Director’s account will be distributed in a single lump sum as soon as practicable after a change in control.
A change in control under the Director Plan occurs when:
    Any person or group acquires direct or indirect beneficial ownership of stock possessing 35% or more of the total voting power of the Company’s stock; or
    A majority of the Board members is replaced during any twelve-month period by new Directors whose appointment or election is not approved by a majority of the Board members serving immediately before the appointment or election of any of these new directors; or
    A change in the ownership of a substantial portion of our assets occurs such that any person or group acquires assets from the Company that have a total gross fair market value equal to or more than 40% of the total gross fair market value of all of our assets immediately prior to such acquisition.
Other Compensation
All Directors are reimbursed for reasonable travel expenses incurred in connection with Board and committee meetings. Directors are also reimbursed for reasonable expenses (including travel expenses) incurred in connection with continuing education regarding their duties and responsibilities as Directors. We also extend coverage to them under our directors’ and officers’ indemnity insurance policies. We do not provide any other benefits, including retirement benefits or perquisites, to our non-employee Directors.
Director Stock Ownership Guidelines
Our stock ownership guidelines set a target level of ownership of our common stock for each non-employee Director equal to six times the annual retainer, which is $450,000 in stock value, at the end of each calendar year.
Shares that are owned by, or held in trust for the benefit of, a non-employee Director or immediate family members residing in the same household and vested deferred stock units credited to his or her investment account are included in calculating stock ownership.
Until the value of a non-employee Director’s common stock exceeds this target level at the end of a calendar year, he or she must retain:
At least 75% of our common stock received upon the exercise of options or the vesting and release of RSUs or deferred stock units during the following year, after payment or withholding of any applicable exercise price and taxes; and
All other shares of our common stock held by him or her.
A non-employee Director complies with these stock ownership guidelines if his or her stock ownership equals or exceeds the target level at the end of the year or if he or she has complied with the applicable retention requirements under the stock ownership guidelines.


44 | 2019 Proxy Statement



CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

2018 Non-Employee Director Compensation Table
The table below shows 2018 compensation for each of our non-employee Directors. Mr. Ayers, who is an employee, receives no additional compensation for his Board service. For information regarding Mr. Ayers’s compensation, see the discussion under “How We Paid Our NEOs in 2018” beginning on page 64.
Name
Fees Earned or
Paid in Cash
Stock
Awards $(1)
Option
Awards $(2)
Total
Compensation
Bruce L. Claflin
$
90,000

$
46,283

$
138,745

$
275,028

Stuart M. Essig, PhD
75,000(3)

46,283

138,745

260,028

Rebecca M. Henderson, PhD
85,000

46,283

138,745

270,028

Daniel M. Junius
95,000(4)

46,283

138,745

280,028

Lawrence D. Kingsley
87,500(5)

46,283

138,745

272,528

M. Anne Szostak
97,500

46,283

138,745

282,528

Sophie V. Vandebroek, PhD
75,000(6)

46,283

138,745

260,028

(1)
Stock awards to non-employee Directors are issued as deferred stock units (“DSUs”) pursuant to the Company’s Director Plan. The amount shown excludes DSUs received in lieu of deferred compensation as described in footnotes 3, 4, 5 and 6 and reflects the aggregate grant date fair value computed in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board® ("FASB") Accounting Standards Codification® ("ASC") Topic 718 (calculated by rounding $46,250 to the nearest share on the date of deferral). See Note 5 to our consolidated financial statements included in our 2018 Annual Report on Form 10-K for the relevant assumptions used to determine the valuation of our stock awards. As discussed under “Equity Compensation” above on page 43, non-employee Directors receive only one DSU and option grant during the fiscal year. As of December 31, 2018 the following are the aggregate number of DSUs accumulated in each non-employee Director’s deferral account for all years of service as a Director, including DSUs issued for deferred fees elected by the Directors as well as DSUs issued as annual grants to non-employee Directors: Mr. Claflin, 1,531; Dr. Essig, 942; Dr. Henderson, 32,014; Mr. Junius, 3,078; Mr. Kingsley, 1,598; Ms. Szostak, 3,718; and Dr. Vandebroek, 3,208.
(2)
Reflects the aggregate grant date fair value computed in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718. See Note 5 to our consolidated financial statements included in our 2018 Annual Report on Form 10-K for the relevant assumptions used to determine the valuation of our option awards. As of December 31, 2018, each non-employee Director had the following number of stock options outstanding: Mr. Claflin, 16,764; Dr. Essig, 4,719; Dr. Henderson, 33,621; Mr. Junius, 19,755; Mr. Kingsley, 7,436; Ms. Szostak 39,527; and Dr. Vandebroek, 21,845.
(3)
Includes compensation in the amount of $75,000 elected to be deferred and issued as 364 DSUs pursuant to the Director Plan.
(4)
Includes compensation in the amount of $23,750 elected to be deferred and issued as 116 DSUs pursuant to the Director Plan.
(5)
Includes compensation in the amount of $87,500 elected to be deferred and issued as 420 DSUs pursuant to the Director Plan.
(6)
Includes compensation in the amount of $56,250 elected to be deferred and issued as 264 DSUs pursuant to the Director Plan.


2019 Proxy Statement | 45

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Stock Ownership Information
Stock Ownership of Directors and Officers
The table below shows the number of shares of our common stock beneficially owned as of March 1, 2019 by each of our Directors, each of our NEOs named in the Summary Compensation Table and all of our Directors and executive officers as a group. The table below also includes information about stock options and vesting restricted stock units granted to our Directors and executive officers. Unless otherwise indicated, each person listed below has sole voting and investment power with respect to the shares and other securities listed.
Beneficial Owner
Shares
Owned
Options
Exercisable
and RSUs
Vesting(1)
Total Number of
Shares Beneficially
Owned(2)
Percentage of
Common Stock
Outstanding(3)
Jonathan W. Ayers
1,136,820(4)
503,104
1,639,924
1.91%
Bruce L. Claflin
1,415
14,577
15,992
*
Stuart M. Essig, PhD
2,532
2,532
*
Rebecca M. Henderson, PhD
4,000
31,434
35,434
*
Daniel M. Junius
2,000
17,568
19,568
*
Lawrence D. Kingsley
6,405
5,249
11,654
*
M. Anne Szostak
16,000(5)
31,434
47,434
*
Sophie V. Vandebroek, PhD
8,673
19,658
28,331
*
Brian P. McKeon
27,814
166,046
193,860
*
Jay Mazelsky
23,212
169,861
193,073
*
Michael J. Lane
6,324
15,414
21,738
*
Kathy V. Turner
3,932
29,712
33,644
*
All Directors and executive officers
as of March 1, 2019 as a group (14 persons)
1,253,773
1,072,508
2,326,281
2.70%
*
Less than 1%
(1)
Consists of options to purchase shares of common stock exercisable, and RSUs vesting, on or within 60 days after March 1, 2019.
(2)
The number of shares beneficially owned by each person or group as of March 1, 2019 includes shares of common stock that such person or group had the right to acquire on or within 60 days after March 1, 2019, including, but not limited to, upon the exercise of stock options or vesting of RSUs, but excluding DSUs.
(3)
For each individual and group included in the table, percentage of ownership is calculated by dividing the number of shares beneficially owned by such person or group as described above by the sum of 86,083,808 shares of common stock outstanding on March 1, 2019 and the number of shares of common stock that such person or group had the right to acquire on or within 60 days after March 1, 2019, including, but not limited to, upon the exercise of stock options or vesting of RSUs, but excluding DSUs.
(4)
Includes 138,000 shares held by the Ayers Family Trust and 32,100 shares held by the Ayers Wild Cat Conservation Trust (the "Foundation"). Mr. Ayers and his wife are the trustees of the Foundation, and as trustees, they have shared voting and dispositive power for the 32,100 shares held by the Foundation. Beneficial ownership of, and any pecuniary interest in, the 32,100 shares held by the Foundation is expressly disclaimed.
(5)
Includes 3,416 shares held by the M. Anne Szostak Trust and 12,000 shares held by the Szostak 2018 IDEXX GRAT.


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We also grant deferred stock units to our non-employee Directors as annual equity grants or voluntary deferrals of annual fees. Deferred stock units are not included in the table above because they do not represent a right to acquire shares of our common stock within 60 days after March 1, 2019. Although deferred stock units carry no voting rights, and individuals holding fully vested deferred stock units are at risk as to the price of our common stock in their investment accounts, vested deferred stock units are included for purposes of determining satisfaction of target stock ownership levels under our stock ownership guidelines. Accordingly, the table below shows the total numbers of shares and fully vested deferred stock units owned as of March 1, 2019 by each of our Directors, each of our NEOs and all our Directors and executive officers as a group.
Beneficial Owner
Shares
Owned
DSUs(1)
Total Number
of Shares and
DSUs Owned
Jonathan W. Ayers
1,136,820(2)
59,164
1,195,984
Bruce L. Claflin
1,415
1,307
2,722
Stuart M. Essig, PhD
808
808
Rebecca M. Henderson, PhD
4,000
31,790
35,790
Daniel M. Junius
2,000
2,883
4,883
Lawrence D. Kingsley
6,405
1,494
7,899
M. Anne Szostak
16,000(3)
3,494
19,494
Sophie V. Vandebroek, PhD
8,673
3,074
11,747
Brian P. McKeon
27,814
34,708
62,522
Jay Mazelsky
23,212
23,212
Michael J. Lane
6,324
6,324
Kathy V. Turner
3,932
3,932
All Directors and executive officers as of March 1, 2019 as a group (14 persons)
1,253,773
138,722
1,392,495
(1)
Consists of DSUs that are vested as of March 1, 2019.
(2)
Includes 138,000 shares held by the Ayers Family Trust and 32,100 shares held by the Foundation. Mr. Ayers and his wife are the trustees of the Foundation, and as trustees, they have shared voting and dispositive power for the 32,100 shares held by the Foundation. Beneficial ownership of, and any pecuniary interest in, the 32,100 shares held by the Foundation is expressly disclaimed.
(3)
Includes 3,416 shares held by the M. Anne Szostak Trust and 12,000 shares held by the Szostak 2018 IDEXX GRAT.
Director and Officer Stock Ownership Guidelines
We maintain stock ownership guidelines for our Directors and executives, including our executive officers. For more information regarding our Director stock ownership guidelines, see the discussion under “Director Stock Ownership Guidelines” on page 44, and for more information regarding our executive stock ownership guidelines, see the discussion under “Executive Stock Ownership and Retention” on page 70.


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Stock Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners
Based solely on our review of filings made under Sections 13(d) and 13(g) of the Exchange Act, the only persons or entities known to us to beneficially own more than 5% of our common stock as of December 31, 2018 were:
Beneficial Owner
Number of Shares
Beneficially Owned
Percentage of Common
Stock Outstanding(1)
The Vanguard Group(2) 
100 Vanguard Boulevard
Malvern, Pennsylvania 19355
9,057,151
10.52%
BlackRock, Inc.(3) 
55 East 52nd Street
New York, New York 10055
6,549,022
7.61%
Fundsmith LLP(4) 
33 Cavendish Square
London, U.K., W1G 0PQ
4,432,292
5.15%
(1)
For each group included in the table, percentage ownership is calculated by dividing the number of shares beneficially owned by such group on December 31, 2018, as reflected in the most recent filing by such group of statements of beneficial ownership with the SEC, by the 86,083,808 shares of common stock outstanding on March 1, 2019. Therefore, the percentage ownership may differ from the percentage ownership reported in such statements of beneficial ownership, which reflect ownership as of an earlier date.
(2)
Based solely upon information derived from a Schedule 13G/A filed by The Vanguard Group with the SEC on February 12, 2019, it has the sole power to vote 105,562 shares, sole power to dispose of 8,936,155 shares, shared power to vote 17,242 shares, and shared power to dispose of 120,996 shares.
(3)
Based solely upon information derived from a Schedule 13G/A filed by BlackRock, Inc. with the SEC on February 4, 2019, it has sole power to vote 5,768,378 shares and sole power to dispose of 6,549,022 shares.
(4)
Based upon information derived from a Schedule 13G filed by Fundsmith LLP with the SEC on February 14, 2019, it has the sole power to vote 4,382,048 shares and sole power to dispose of 4,432,292 shares.
Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance
Under Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act, our Directors, executive officers and any person holding more than 10% of our outstanding common stock are required to report their initial ownership of common stock and any subsequent changes in their ownership to the SEC.
Based solely on our review of copies of Section 16(a) reporting forms that we received from reporting persons for transactions occurring during our 2018 fiscal year and written representations from our Directors and executive officers, we believe that no reporting person failed to timely file any report required by Section 16(a) during the 2018 fiscal year.


48 | 2019 Proxy Statement



AUDIT COMMITTEE MATTERS

Audit Committee Matters
Proposal Two – Ratification of Appointment of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
The Audit Committee is directly responsible for the appointment, compensation, retention and oversight of the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm. The Audit Committee has appointed PwC to serve as our independent registered public accounting firm for 2019, subject to ratification by shareholders. The Audit Committee has retained PwC as our independent registered public accounting firm continuously since 2002.
The Audit Committee annually evaluates the performance of our independent registered public accounting firm and determines whether to retain the current firm or consider other firms. In addition, in conjunction with the mandated rotation of our external auditor’s lead engagement partner, the Audit Committee and its chairperson are directly involved in the selection of the external auditor’s new lead engagement partner.
In appointing PwC as our independent registered public accounting firm for 2019, the Audit Committee considered carefully PwC’s performance as the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm, its independence with respect to the services to be performed and its general reputation for adherence to professional auditing standards. The Audit Committee and the Board believe that the continued retention of PwC as our independent registered public accounting firm is in the best interests of the Company and our shareholders.
Because the members of the Audit Committee value the views of our shareholders on our independent auditors, even though ratification is not required by law, shareholders will have an opportunity to ratify this selection at the 2019 Annual Meeting. Representatives of PwC will be present at the 2019 Annual Meeting, will have the opportunity to make a statement if they desire to do so and will be available to respond to appropriate questions. If this proposal is not approved at the 2019 Annual Meeting, the Audit Committee may reconsider its selection of PwC. Even if the appointment is ratified, the Audit Committee, in its discretion, can direct the appointment of a different firm at any time during the year if the Audit Committee determines that such a change would be in the Company’s and our shareholders’ best interests.
RECOMMENDATION OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS
The Board of Directors recommends that you vote “FOR” the ratification of PwC as our independent registered public accounting firm for 2019.
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Audit Committee Report
The Audit Committee is responsible for overseeing the accounting, internal control and financial reporting processes and the audit processes of the Company. As set forth in the Audit Committee’s charter, which is available at the Company’s website at www.idexx.com/corporate/corporate-governance.html, the Company’s management is responsible for the preparation, presentation and integrity of the Company’s financial statements, the Company’s accounting and financial reporting principles, and internal controls and procedures designed to assure compliance with accounting standards and applicable laws and regulations. The Company has a full-time internal audit department, and the Director of Internal Audit reports directly to the Audit Committee (and administratively to the Chief Financial Officer). The internal audit department is responsible for, among other things, objectively reviewing and assessing the adequacy and effectiveness of the Company’s internal controls and procedures.
Each member of the Audit Committee is an independent Director as determined by the Board of Directors, based on NASDAQ listing standards and the Corporate Governance Guidelines. Each member of the Audit Committee also satisfies the SEC’s additional independence requirement for members of audit committees. The Board of Directors has determined that Mr. Junius, Mr. Claflin and Ms. Szostak each meet the criteria for “Audit Committee Financial Expert” as defined by SEC rules.
At each of its nine regularly scheduled meetings in 2018, the Audit Committee met as a group with the Company’s management, the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm PwC and internal audit. In addition, in performing its oversight function, the Audit Committee held separate private sessions with senior management, the independent auditors and internal audit to assure that all were carrying out their respective responsibilities. Both PwC and the Director of Internal Audit had full access to the Audit Committee, including regular meetings during which members of management were not present.
In addition, the Audit Committee:
Reviewed the Company’s audited financial statements for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2018 and discussed them with management and PwC;
Discussed with PwC various communications that PwC is required to provide to the Audit Committee, including matters required to be discussed by Auditing Standard No. 16, Communications with Audit Committees; and
Received the written disclosures and the letter from PwC required by applicable requirements of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board regarding PwC’s communications with the Audit Committee concerning independence and discussed with PwC their independence.
Based on the review and discussion referred to above, the Audit Committee recommended to the Board of Directors that the audited financial statements referred to above be included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018 for filing with the SEC.
Audit Committee
Daniel M. Junius, Chair
Bruce L. Claflin
M. Anne Szostak
Independent Auditors’ Fees
The following table summarizes the fees that PwC billed to us for each of the last two fiscal years for audit and other services.
For fiscal year 2018, audit fees also include an estimate of amounts not yet billed.
 
Fiscal Years Ended
December 31,
 
2018
2017
Audit fees

$2,123,435


$2,045,100

Audit-related fees
50,000

80,000

Tax fees
275,184

206,000

All other fees
900

3,000

Total fees

$2,449,519


$2,334,100



50 | 2019 Proxy Statement



AUDIT COMMITTEE MATTERS

Audit Fees. Consists of fees billed for professional services rendered for the audit of our annual financial statements and review of the interim financial statements included in quarterly reports; the audit of the effectiveness of our internal controls over financial reporting; statutory audits or financial audits for our subsidiaries or affiliates; services associated with periodic reports and other documents filed with the SEC; consultation concerning accounting or disclosure treatment of transactions or events and actual or potential impact of final or proposed rules, standards or interpretations by the SEC, the Financial Accounting Standards Board or other regulatory or standard-setting bodies; and assistance with and review of documents provided to the SEC in responding to SEC comments.
Audit-Related Fees. Consists of fees billed for assurance and related services that are reasonably related to the performance of the audit or review of our financial statements and are not reported under “Audit Fees.” These services include due diligence services pertaining to potential acquisitions and services pertaining to the Company’s transition to new accounting standards.
Tax Fees. Consists of tax compliance fees ($77,484 and $55,000 in 2018 and 2017, respectively), and tax advice and tax planning fees ($197,700 and $151,000 in 2018 and 2017, respectively). These services included U.S. federal, state and local tax planning and compliance advice; international tax planning, structure and compliance advice; and review of federal, state, local and international income, franchise and other tax returns.
Out-of-Pocket Expenses and Value-Added Taxes. Included in the fee schedule above as components of each of Audit Fees, Tax Fees and All Other Fees are amounts billed by the independent auditors for out-of-pocket expenses ($120,000 and $108,000 in 2018 and 2017, respectively) and value-added taxes ($68,662 and $75,139 in 2018 and 2017, respectively).
Independent Auditor Fee Approval Policy
The Audit Committee has adopted a policy for the pre-approval of audit and non-audit services performed by our independent auditor, and the fees paid by us for such services, in order to assure that the provision of such services does not impair the auditor’s independence. Under the policy, at the beginning of the fiscal year, the Audit Committee pre-approves the engagement terms and fees for the annual audit. Certain types of other audit services, audit-related services and tax services have been pre-approved by the Audit Committee under the policy. The Audit Committee is ultimately responsible for the audit fee negotiations associated with the retention of our independent auditor, and any services that have not been pre-approved by the Audit Committee as previously described must be separately approved by the Audit Committee prior to the performance of such services.
Pre-approved fee levels for all pre-approved services are established periodically by the Audit Committee. The Audit Committee then periodically reviews actual and anticipated fees for the pre-approved services against the pre-approved fee levels. Any anticipated fees exceeding the pre-approved fee levels require further pre-approval by the Audit Committee. With respect to each service for which separate pre-approval is proposed, the independent auditor will provide a detailed description of the services to permit the Audit Committee to assess the impact of the services on the independence of the independent auditor.
The Audit Committee may delegate pre-approval authority to one or more of its members and has delegated such authority to its chair. The Audit Committee member to whom such authority is delegated must report any pre-approval decisions to the Audit Committee at the next scheduled meeting. The Audit Committee does not delegate its pre-approval responsibilities to management.
During the last two fiscal years, no services were provided by PwC that were approved by the Audit Committee pursuant to the de minimis exception to pre-approval contained in the SEC’s rules.


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Executive Compensation
Proposal Three – Advisory Vote to Approve Executive Compensation
We are asking our shareholders to approve, on an advisory, non-binding basis, the compensation of our NEOs as described in this Proxy Statement at the 2019 Annual Meeting. This vote is not intended to address any specific item of compensation, but rather the overall compensation of our NEOs and the philosophy, policies and practices described in this Proxy Statement. This proposal is commonly referred to as “say-on-pay.”
At the 2011 Annual Meeting, more than 93% of the votes cast by our shareholders were in favor of an annual advisory “say-on-pay” vote, and at the 2017 Annual Meeting, more than 91% of the votes cast by our shareholders were in favor of continuing to submit an advisory “say-on-pay” vote to our shareholders on an annual basis. Accordingly, since the 2011 Annual Meeting, we have annually submitted a “say-on-pay” proposal to our shareholders and received overwhelming shareholder support each year. At the 2018 Annual Meeting, our “say-on-pay” proposal was approved by our shareholders with 96% of the votes cast in favor of approving the compensation of our NEOs. The Board believes that this vote affirmed our shareholders’ support of our executive compensation program.
In deciding how to vote on this proposal, our shareholders are encouraged to read the Executive Compensation section of this Proxy Statement, including the Compensation Discussion and Analysis section, which discusses in detail our executive compensation program and how it implements our executive compensation philosophy, how our executive compensation program helps drive our business and other corporate strategies, the compensation decisions the Compensation Committee has made under our executive compensation program and some recent changes made to our compensation program.
Our Board recommends that our shareholders approve the following resolution:
RESOLVED, that the compensation paid to the Company’s NEOs, as disclosed in this Proxy Statement for the 2019 Annual Meeting pursuant to Item 402 of Regulation S-K, including the Compensation Discussion and Analysis, compensation tables and narrative discussion, is hereby approved on an advisory basis.
As an advisory vote, it will not be binding. However, our Compensation Committee and Board of Directors value the opinions expressed by our shareholders in their vote on this proposal and will consider the outcome of this vote when making future compensation decisions for our NEOs.
RECOMMENDATION OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS
The Board of Directors recommends that you vote “FOR” the approval of the advisory resolution on executive compensation.
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52 | 2019 Proxy Statement



EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

Executive Officers
Set forth below are the names, ages, and current positions of our executive officers as of March 25, 2019 other than Mr. Ayers, our Chairman of the Board, President and CEO, whose biographical information is located on page 28:
Name
Age
 
Title
Brian P. McKeon
56
 
Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer
Jay Mazelsky
58
 
Executive Vice President
Michael J. Lane
51
 
Corporate Vice President
Kathy V. Turner
55
 
Corporate Vice President
Giovani Twigge
55
 
Corporate Vice President and Chief Human Resources Officer
Sharon E. Underberg
57
 
Corporate Vice President, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary
Brian P. McKeon. Mr. McKeon has been Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer since January 2014. He leads our finance, corporate development and worldwide operations functions. Mr. McKeon served as a Director of IDEXX from July 2003 through December 2013, including serving as Chair of the Audit Committee and as a member of the Compensation Committee. He also served as a Director of athenahealth, Inc. from September 2017 to February 2019. Mr. McKeon was Executive Vice President of Iron Mountain Incorporated from April 2007 to December 2013 and Chief Financial Officer of Iron Mountain from April 2007 to October 2013. Mr. McKeon was also Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of The Timberland Company from March 2000 to April 2007. From 1991 to 2000, Mr. McKeon held several finance and strategic planning positions with PepsiCo, Inc., serving most recently as Vice President, Finance, at Pepsi-Cola, North America. Mr. McKeon holds a bachelor’s degree in accounting from the University of Connecticut and an M.B.A. with high distinction from Harvard University.
Jay Mazelsky. Mr. Mazelsky has been an Executive Vice President since joining us in August 2012. He oversees our North American Companion Animal Group Commercial Organization, and our IDEXX VetLab in-house diagnostics, Diagnostic Imaging, Veterinary Software and Services, Rapid Assay and Telemedicine lines of business. Previously, Mr. Mazelsky was a Senior Vice President and General Manager from 2010 to 2012 of Computed Tomography, Nuclear Medicine and Radiation Therapy Planning at Philips Healthcare, a subsidiary of Royal Philips Electronics. Previously he held a series of other leadership roles with increasing responsibilities during his tenure at Philips beginning in 2001. Prior to joining Philips, Mr. Mazelsky was at Agilent Technologies, where he was an Executive in Charge from 2000 to 2002, leading the integration of Agilent’s Healthcare Group into Philips. He also served as a General Manager of the Medical Consumables Business Unit from 1997 to 2000 at Agilent Technologies. From 1988 to 1996, he was in a number of roles at Hewlett Packard in finance, marketing and business planning. Mr. Mazelsky holds a bachelor’s degree in mathematics from the University of Rochester and an M.B.A. from the University of Chicago.
Michael J. Lane. Mr. Lane has been a Corporate Vice President since July 2015 and General Manager of IDEXX’s Global Reference Laboratories business since November 2016. Prior to becoming the General Manager of our Global Reference Laboratories business, he served as the General Manager of the Company’s U.S. Reference Laboratories from June 2014, and as Vice President from 2012, until July 2015. In addition to his responsibilities for the Reference Laboratories business, from July 2015 through December 2016, Mr. Lane provided strategic direction for the Company’s SNAP® Point-of-Care testing. Mr. Lane joined IDEXX in 1997, supporting strategic planning and business development for diagnostic laboratory services as IDEXX entered the global reference laboratory market segment. In 1999, he joined the IDEXX VetLab organization, where he held various leadership positions with responsibilities in commercial marketing, product management, and new product development, and served from 2012 to May 2014 as Vice President and General Manager. Mr. Lane holds a bachelor’s degree in international politics and economics from Middlebury College and an M.B.A. from the Tuck School of Business at Dartmouth College.
Kathy V. Turner. Ms. Turner has been Corporate Vice President since May 2014 and leads the Company’s Europe, Middle East and Africa Companion Animal Commercial Operations, and the Company's Asia Pacific Companion Animal, Water, Livestock, Poultry and Dairy Commercial Operations. Prior to joining the Company, from 1987 to May 2014, Ms. Turner held various leadership positions with increasing responsibilities at Abbott Laboratories, Inc., a broad-based healthcare company that manufactures and markets pharmaceuticals, medical products and diagnostics. Most recently, Ms. Turner was Divisional Vice President of European Commercial Operations for the Diagnostics Division from 2011 to May 2014, and prior to that, Divisional Vice President of Global Strategic Operations for the Diagnostics Division from 2007 to 2011. Ms. Turner holds a bachelor’s degree in marketing and advertising from Syracuse University.


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Giovani Twigge. Mr. Twigge has been our Chief Human Resources Officer since August 2010, and leads worldwide human resources. Prior to joining us, from 1999 to 2010, Mr. Twigge held various human resources leadership positions at Abbott Laboratories, Inc., a broad-based healthcare company that manufactures and markets pharmaceuticals, medical products and diagnostics, and was Divisional Vice President, HR, for Abbott Diagnostics. Prior to that, he served as Divisional Vice President, HR, for Abbott Nutrition International and as Regional HR Director for a number of international operations, including those in Europe, Latin America/Canada and the Middle East. Mr. Twigge earned his B. Commerce (Honors) degree in personnel management from the University of Pretoria, South Africa.
Sharon E. Underberg. Ms. Underberg has been Corporate Vice President, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary since March 2019. She leads IDEXX's legal, compliance and Corporate Secretary groups. Prior to joining IDEXX in February 2019, Ms. Underberg was a member of the Eastman Kodak Company legal team for over 29 years, where she held various senior leadership positions of increasing responsibility, including most recently serving as General Counsel, Secretary and Senior Vice President from January 2015 to January 2019, Deputy General Counsel and Vice President, Legal Department, from September 2014 to January 2015 and Assistant General Counsel and Vice President, Legal Department, from June 2006 to September 2014. Prior to joining Kodak, Ms. Underberg was an attorney in private practice. She received a bachelor's degree in political science from Brandeis University and a J.D. from the University of Pennsylvania School of Law.


54 | 2019 Proxy Statement



EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

Compensation Discussion and Analysis
This section describes our executive compensation program, the oversight provided by the Compensation Committee and the 2018 compensation for our NEOs:
Name
Position
Jonathan W. Ayers
Chairman, President and CEO
Brian P. McKeon
Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer
Jay Mazelsky
Executive Vice President
Michael J. Lane
Corporate Vice President
Kathy V. Turner
Corporate Vice President
To assist your review, note that the information provided in our Compensation Discussion and Analysis is organized in the following five subsections:
Executive Summary
Page 55
How We Determine Compensation
Page 59
Compensation Benchmarking and Peer Group
Page 62
How We Paid Our NEOs in 2018
Page 64
How We Manage Risk and Governance
Page 70
Executive Summary
2018 Performance Highlights
We delivered strong results in 2018. We performed well against all the financial goals we set for 2018 and exceeded three of the four financial measures used, in part, to determine the 2018 annual performance-based cash bonus paid to our NEOs.2 
Organic Revenue Growth
 
Operating Profit
 
Earnings per Share
 
ROIC
 
 
($ in millions)
 
(Diluted)
 
 
Goal 10.5% Result 11.6%
 
Goal $485.4 Result $491.3
 
Goal $4.20 Result $4.26
 
Goal 49.4% Result 49.3%
barchartorganicrevenue1.jpg
 
barchartoperatingprofit1.jpg
 
barcharteps1.jpg
 
barchartroic1.jpg
ROIC is a financial measure of the efficiency with which a company uses its invested capital to generate returns. The Compensation Committee added ROIC to the mix of metrics used for the determination of the 2018 annual performance-based cash bonus to hold our NEOs more directly accountable for capital productivity and achieve a more effective balance between financial measures of growth and return, both of which we believe are important in creating shareholder value. Although the 2018 ROIC performance was slightly below goal, our achieved 2018 ROIC value was 49.3%, which indicates an exceptional return on invested capital during a year in which we made incremental, strategic investments in support of instrument placements that drive high-return recurring revenue growth.
In addition, our delivery of consistent and strong results over time is reflected in our compound annual total shareholder return over the last one-, three- and five-year periods, which substantially outperformed the S&P 500 Index over the same periods. In 2018, for example, our share price rose 19%, outperforming the S&P 500 Index by 23% for this period. For more information, see “Equity-Based Long-Term Incentive Compensation” on page 67.
2
Refer to Appendix A for a description and reconciliation of organic revenue growth and after-tax return on invested capital, excluding cash and investments (“ROIC”), to their most directly comparable generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America ("GAAP") financial measures.


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Impact of 2018 Performance on NEO Pay
CEO Compensation Decisions
The Compensation Committee evaluated Mr. Ayers’s performance and made decisions regarding his compensation based on its assessment of his achievement of financial goals and non-financial goals geared toward sustaining our long-term growth and delivering shareholder value. Before making its final decisions regarding Mr. Ayers’s compensation, the Compensation Committee consulted with the Board and considered the Board members’ feedback and assessment of Mr. Ayers’s overall performance in 2018.
In light of Mr. Ayers’s excellent delivery against these goals in 2018 and the strategic vision and leadership he has provided to the Company, the Compensation Committee awarded to Mr. Ayers an annual performance-based cash bonus of $1,200,000, which represented 120% of his target bonus. In addition, in February 2018, the Compensation Committee maintained Mr. Ayers’s base salary at $800,000 (which has remained at this level since 2013) and granted stock options to Mr. Ayers having an aggregate grant value of $4,800,000 that vest ratably over five years. The actual payout that Mr. Ayers will realize on these stock options will depend on future performance of our common stock, which is subject to our continued ability to deliver consistent and strong returns to our shareholders. The Compensation Committee believes that total direct compensation for the CEO is below median in relation to the benchmark group, consistent with good compensation practices and our philosophy of creating long-term value for the benefit of our shareholders.
For greater detail regarding the compensation determinations made by the Compensation Committee with respect to Mr. Ayers, see below under “How We Paid Our NEOs in 2018” beginning on page 64.
CEO Pay-for-Performance Alignment
The table below illustrates the total direct compensation paid to our CEO for fiscal years 2016, 2017 and 2018, including the year-over-year change to his total direct compensation for 2017 and 2018.
CEO Pay-for-Performance Alignment
(in thousands)
Equity-Based Long-Term Incentives Annual Performance-Based Cash Bonus Base Salary 2016 $800 $1,545 $3,500 $5,845 2017 $800 $1,350 $4,500 $6,650 14% 33% 2018 $800 $1,200 $4,800 $6,800 2% 19% CEO Compensation $0 $1,000 $2,000 $4,000 $5,000 $6,000 $7,000 $8,000 $9,000
idexx2019image49c.jpg
The year-over-year growth in our CEO pay during those years was supported by and aligned with our overall financial performance, as demonstrated by our one-year total shareholder return of 33% for 2017 and 19% for 2018. These returns exceeded both the annual total shareholder return for the S&P 500 Index (which was 22% for 2017 and -4% for 2018) and the year-over-year growth in the total direct compensation paid to our CEO for 2017 and 2018.


56 | 2019 Proxy Statement



EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

2018 Performance and Compensation for Our Other NEOs
The annual performance-based cash bonus paid to our other NEOs for 2018 was also 120% of the applicable target bonus. These payout amounts were calculated based on our organic revenue growth, operating profit, EPS and ROIC performance in 2018 and our achievement of our 2018 non-financial goals that support our long-term business performance and growth.
For greater detail regarding the compensation determinations made by the Compensation Committee with respect to our NEOs, see below under “How We Paid Our NEOs in 2018” beginning on page 64.
Total Direct Compensation Summary
The following table provides an overview of total direct compensation paid to our NEOs for fiscal year 2018, including a breakdown of each of the three key elements of total direct compensation and the 2018 target annual performance-based cash bonus compared to the actual amount of the 2018 annual performance-based cash bonus.
 
 
Annual Performance-Based
Cash Bonus
 
Equity-Based
Long-Term Incentives
 
Total Direct
Compensation
 
Base Pay
Target Bonus
(% of Base Pay)
Target Bonus
($)
Actual
Bonus
 
Actual(1)
 
Jonathan W. Ayers

$800,000

125%

$1,000,000

$1,200,000
 

$4,795,888

 
$6,795,888
Brian P. McKeon

$575,000

75%

$431,250

$517,500
 

$1,798,798

 
$2,891,298
Jay Mazelsky

$575,000

75%

$431,250

$517,500
 

$1,798,798

 
$2,891,298
Michael J. Lane

$375,000

60%

$225,000

$270,000
 

$699,588

 
$1,344,588
Kathy V. Turner

$400,000

60%

$240,000

$288,000
 

$749,542

 
$1,437,542
(1)
Represents actual grant date fair value computed in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718.
Key Compensation Practices and Policies
We seek to promote the long-term interests of our shareholders through our prudent compensation practices and policies:
Executive Compensation Program Design
What We Do
 
What We Don’t Do
ü    Align pay with our performance by having a weighted average of 82% of 2018 target total direct compensation for our NEOs consist of performance-based compensation
ü    Target total direct compensation for our NEOs at the median of our peer group
ü    Focus, in part, on effectiveness of management to invest in the future of the business through its innovation, employees, systems and processes
 
X    No uncapped payouts under our Executive Incentive Plan
X    No purely formulaic calculations of annual performance-based cash bonus amounts — Compensation Committee able to exercise discretion regarding payouts


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Equity-Award-Related Practices
What We Do
 
What We Don’t Do
ü    Grant all equity awards with a five-year vesting schedule, longer than typical market practice
ü    Apply a one-year minimum vesting requirement to equity awards granted to employees
ü    Minimum fair market value exercise price for options
ü    Include non-competition, non-solicitation and related forfeiture provisions in our equity award agreements for our executives
 
X    No dividends or dividend equivalents on unearned equity awards
X    No backdating of options and no repricing or buyout of underwater stock options without shareholder approval
Compensation Governance and Risk Mitigation
What We Do
 
What We Don’t Do
ü    Review our peer group annually and engage in rigorous, annual benchmarking to align our executive compensation program with the market
ü    Review and verify annually the independence of the Compensation Committee’s independent compensation consultant
ü    Conduct an annual compensation program risk assessment
ü    Provide limited benefits and perquisites to our senior executives that are not otherwise made available to our other salaried employees
ü    Require our senior executives to satisfy strict and meaningful stock ownership guidelines to strengthen the alignment with our shareholders’ interests
ü    Maintain a clawback policy that allows us to recover annual and long-term performance-based compensation if we are required to restate our financial results, other than a restatement due to changes in accounting principles or applicable law
ü    Hold an advisory vote on executive compensation on an annual basis to provide our shareholders with an opportunity to give feedback on our executive compensation program
ü    Cap annual performance-based cash bonuses at 200% of target
 
X    No employment contracts other than with our CEO
X    No tax gross-ups of perquisites or 280G excise taxes, with the exception of standard tax equalization measures for expatriates
X    No supplemental executive retirement plan
X    No single-trigger change-in-control bonus payments or vesting of equity awards (subject to 25% vesting of equity awards upon a change-in-control)
X    No stock options granted below fair market value
X    No allowance for pledging of our common stock by executive officers and Directors
X    No allowance for employees to hedge or sell short our common stock


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EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

How We Determine Compensation
Philosophy
 
 
 
Attract, motivate and retain talented executives who are aligned and passionate about our Purpose: to be a great company that creates exceptional long-term value for our customers, employees and shareholders by enhancing the health and well-being of pets, people and livestock
Pay-for-Performance Framework
 
 
 
In furtherance of this philosophy, our executive compensation program is largely based on a pay-for-performance framework designed to achieve three key objectives
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Objectives
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1
 
2
 
3
 
 
Attract, motivate and retain highly-skilled executives.
Create alignment between management and shareholder interests by establishing a strong connection between compensation, stock ownership and creation of shareholder value.
Reward executives for building a highly engaged, high-performance culture that corresponds with our Guiding Principles:
    Sustaining market leadership;
    Exceeding the expectations of our customers;
    Empowering and rewarding our employees;
    Innovating with intelligence;
    Cultivating entrepreneurial spirit; and
    Contributing to our communities.
Compensation Elements and Objectives
In support of our executive compensation philosophy and objectives, our executive compensation program consists of the following three key elements, which in total are targeted at the median of our competitive market:
Compensation Key Elements
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Base Salary To provide a fixed amount of compensation which is positioned generally at the median of the competitive market for similar positions, and takes into account the individual skills, abilities and performance of each of our executives, which supports our compensation philosophy of attracting and retaining talented individuals. Annual Performance-Based Cash Bonus To motivate executives to achieve our annual goals for financial performance, as well as achieve key annual goals that strengthen the business and position us for longer-term performance. Target bonus percentages are positioned at the median of the competitive market for similar positions and capped at 200% of target. Equity-Based Long-Term Incentives To motivate long-term performance and align the interests of management and shareholders, which supports our compensation philosophy of rewarding long-term performance and sustained shareholder value-creation in a way that attracts and retains talented executives. In general, long-term incentive opportunities vest pro rata over five years and are structured so that, when combined with salary and target bonus opportunity, total target direct compensation is approximately at the median of the market.


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Compensation Mix
We believe that variable compensation, such as performance-based cash bonuses and equity-based compensation with five-year vesting, should be a higher percentage of total compensation for our senior executives, including our NEOs, than for our other employees. We also believe that variable compensation relates most directly to the creation of long-term shareholder value by providing strong incentives to achieve strategic and financial objectives over time, as well as serving as a form of compensation that will motivate and retain executives. In general, the total direct compensation mix for our CEO and our other NEOs for 2018 is as follows:
Components of CEO Pay
Base Salary 12% Annual Performance-Based Cash Bonus 18% Equity-Based Long-Term Incentives 70% At Risk 88%
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Components of Other NEOs’ 2018 Pay (Average)
Base Salary 22% Annual Performance-Based Cash Bonus 19% Equity-Based Long-Term Incentives 59% At Risk 78%
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When the Compensation Committee makes decisions with respect to each element of an executive’s compensation, it also considers the total compensation that may be awarded to the executive. Overall, the Compensation Committee’s goal is to award compensation that corresponds with the Company’s compensation philosophy and objectives when all the elements of the compensation program are considered individually and in total.


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EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

Roles and Responsibilities
The Compensation Committee has engaged Frederic W. Cook & Co., Inc. (“FW Cook”) as its independent compensation consultant. The Compensation Committee, FW Cook and our senior management participated in a collaborative process to determine the compensation that our NEOs earned in 2018:
Responsible Party
Primary Role and Responsibilities Relating to Compensation Decisions
Compensation Committee
(Composed solely of independent, non-employee Directors and reports to the Board)
    Oversees our executive compensation program, policies and practices, taking into account business goals and strategies, legal and regulatory developments and evolving best practices;
    Approves performance goals for purposes of compensation decisions for our NEOs;
    Conducts an annual evaluation of the CEO’s performance in consultation with the full Board and determines his compensation;
    Reviews and approves the CEO’s recommendations for compensation for the other NEOs and senior executives, making changes when deemed appropriate;
    Approves all changes to the composition of the peer group; and
    Reviews and makes recommendations to the Board with respect to Director compensation.
Independent Consultant to the Compensation Committee*
(FW Cook)
    Provides the Compensation Committee with analysis and advice pertaining to CEO, executive and Director compensation program design, including industry survey analysis, explanation of current and developing best practices and regulatory changes;
    Recommends a relevant group of peer companies against which to benchmark the competitiveness and appropriateness of our CEO, executive and Director compensation;
    Analyzes peer companies’ CEO and executive compensation annually, and Director compensation every two years, to assist the Compensation Committee in determining the appropriateness and competitiveness of our CEO, executive and Director compensation;
    Reviews any proposed changes to CEO, executive and Director compensation program design;
    Reviews compensation disclosure materials;
    Analyzes our compensation practices to assist the Compensation Committee in determining whether risks arising from such practices are reasonably likely to have a material adverse effect on IDEXX; and
    Provides specific analysis and advice periodically as requested by the Compensation Committee.
Senior Management
    Our CEO recommends to the Compensation Committee annual compensation for the other NEOs and senior executives based on his assessment of their performance;
    Our CEO; Corporate Vice President, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary; and our Corporate Vice President and Chief Human Resources Officer work with the Compensation Committee Chairperson to set agendas, prepare materials for Compensation Committee meetings, and generally attend meetings, as appropriate, and prepare meeting minutes; and
    Our Chief Financial Officer also works with the Corporate Vice President and Chief Human Resources Officer in the preparation of some materials for Compensation Committee meetings.
No member of management is present in Compensation Committee meetings when matters related to his or her individual compensation is under discussion, when the Compensation Committee is approving or deliberating on CEO compensation or when the Compensation Committee otherwise meets in executive session.
*
During 2018, the Compensation Committee was assisted by its independent compensation consultant FW Cook. Other than the support that it provided to the Compensation Committee, FW Cook provided no other services to the Company or management and received no other compensation from the Company, other than for the services provided to the Compensation Committee. During the year, the Compensation Committee conducted an evaluation of the independence of FW Cook considering the relevant regulations of the SEC and the NASDAQ listing standards. The Compensation Committee concluded that the services performed by FW Cook and the individual compensation advisors employed by FW Cook raised no conflicts of interest.
Results of the 2018 “Say-on-Pay” Advisory Vote
At our 2018 Annual Meeting, our shareholders voted 96% (represented by 66,761,624 votes) in favor of approving the compensation of our NEOs and 4% (represented by 2,835,428 votes) against. Although the results of this vote are non-binding, the Compensation Committee considered these results in determining compensation policies and decisions and concluded that the compensation paid to our NEOs and our overall pay practices are strongly supported by our shareholders.


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Deductibility of Performance-Based Compensation Under Section 162(m)
In December 2017, the performance-based compensation exception to the deduction limitations of Section 162(m) of the Code was repealed as part of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017. Even though the performance-based compensation exception is no longer available and IDEXX has terminated or eliminated certain compensation plans and design features intended to be compliant with this exception, the Compensation Committee remains committed to aligning pay with performance and implemented a compensation plan design for fiscal year 2018 that continues to tie certain compensation elements to the achievement of specific performance conditions, as described below under “Annual Performance-Based Cash Bonus” starting on page 64 and the continued creation of long-term shareholder value, as described below under “Equity-Based Long-Term Incentive Compensation” starting on page 67. The Compensation Committee will continue to take into account all applicable facts and circumstances in exercising its business judgment with respect to compensation plan design in 2019 and beyond, including any applicable tax implications.
Prior to 2018, Section 162(m) only allowed a tax deduction for certain compensation in excess of $1 million paid to our executive officers (other than our Chief Financial Officer) if the compensation qualified as performance-based in accordance with the requirements of Section 162(m). As a result, prior to 2018, we designed our compensation programs, in part, to enable us to provide performance-based compensation to executives intended to be deductible by the Company for federal income tax purposes.
Compensation Benchmarking and Peer Group
The Compensation Committee believes that market data, including compensation data from a peer group of comparable companies, is essential to determining compensation targets and the actual awards for executives in an effort to attract and retain highly talented senior executives. Market data is used to assess the competitiveness of our compensation packages relative to similar companies and to ensure that our compensation program is consistent with our compensation philosophy. Annually, the Compensation Committee engages FW Cook to conduct a market benchmarking study for our senior executives, including our CEO and our other NEOs. The Compensation Committee’s objective is to provide executives with target total direct compensation that generally corresponds with the market median.
Our executive compensation program is benchmarked against a peer group of medical device, technology and healthcare services companies selected by our Compensation Committee based on recommendations by FW Cook. The composition of this peer group is reassessed by FW Cook annually in order to identify appropriate changes to the group and ensure that it continues to provide an appropriate benchmark for competitive pay analysis, and all changes to the group recommended by FW Cook are subject to the review and approval of our Compensation Committee.
We view the peer group selection process as a critical aspect of our executive compensation program because benchmarking our pay practices against our market peers provides us with key information relevant to the attraction and retention of talent and the development of a sustainable cost structure. The composition of our peer group is based upon a number of criteria, including the following:
Industry and
Business Characteristics
Our peer companies operate in similar industries and, to the extent possible, have similar cost structures, business models and global reach.
Size
Based on the strong correlation between compensation opportunity levels and company size, we look for comparably sized companies as measured by metrics such as revenue, net income, market capitalization, price to earnings multiple and number of employees. Generally speaking, our peer group companies fall within the range of approximately one-third to three times our size based on revenue, net income and market capitalization.
Competition for
Executive Talent
In selecting our peer group, we seek to identify companies with whom we compete with respect to attracting or retaining executive talent.
Competition for
Investor Capital
Because compensation expense is a factor in financial performance and resulting margins, it is important to consider companies that shareholders may consider as alternative investment opportunities.
Statistical Reliability
We believe that, in order to provide a statistically significant number of data points that will yield meaningful benchmarking opportunities, our peer group should be comprised of at least twelve companies, with a target group of between fifteen and twenty.
Overall Reasonableness
Although, taken in isolation, any one peer company may be identified as a poor comparison based on one or more specific metrics, we view the group as a whole and determine whether, in totality, the group is reasonable and defensible for benchmarking purposes and whether the resulting comparison data is statistically valid.


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EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

In February 2018, when the Compensation Committee set 2018 base salaries and made 2018 equity awards, our peer group included the following firms:
IDEXX Proxy Peer Group (15 Companies in Total)
Align Technology, Inc.
NuVasive, Inc.
Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc.
ResMed Inc.
The Cooper Companies, Inc.
PerkinElmer, Inc.
DENTSPLY SIRONA Inc.
STERIS plc
Edwards Lifesciences Corporation
Teleflex Incorporated
Hologic, Inc.
Varian Medical Systems, Inc.
Illumina, Inc.
Waters Corporation
Integra LifeSciences Holdings Corporation
 
This peer group included the same companies that constituted the peer group referenced by the Compensation Committee when it determined 2017 compensation, except:
C.R. Bard Inc. and VCA Inc. were removed because they were acquired by other companies;
Charles River Laboratories International, Inc. was removed due to differences in business model;
Haemonetics Corporation, Hill-Rom Holdings, Inc. and Stericycle, Inc. were removed due to differences in size; and
PerkinElmer, Inc. was added because it is industry and size appropriate, consistent with the criteria described above.
The following table sets forth certain information regarding the size and value of the above-referenced peer group companies relative to the Company as of October 2017, which is when this peer group was selected by the Compensation Committee.
Peer Group Comparisons*
($ in millions)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Revenue
Market
Capitalization
Net
Income
P/E
Ratio
Employees
Peer Group 75th Percentile
$2,783(1)

$14,203(2)

$451(1)(3)

61.5(4)
10,850(5)
Peer Group Median
$2,142(1)

$10,594(2)

$285(1)(3)

34.8(4)
7,800(5)
Peer Group 25th Percentile
$2,026(1)

$7,490(2)

$93(1)(3)

30.4(4)
5,780(5)
IDEXX Laboratories, Inc.
$1,862(1)

$13,874(2)

$263(1)

52.7(4)
7,365(5)
IDEXX Laboratories, Inc. – 2018(6)

$2,213


$16,457


$377

43.6
8,377
*
All data in this table, except for the IDEXX Laboratories, Inc. – 2018 data, was compiled by FW Cook from Standard & Poor’s Capital IQ database.
(1)
Most recently reported four quarters publicly available as of September 15, 2017.
(2)
As of September 15, 2017. Calculated using the most recently reported shares outstanding and stock price publicly available as of September 15, 2017.
(3)
Excludes extraordinary items and discontinued operations, as applicable.
(4)
Calculated by dividing the market capitalization as of September 15, 2017 by net income for the most recently reported four quarters publicly available as of September 15, 2017, excluding extraordinary items and discontinued operations.
(5)
Fiscal year employee number based upon the most recently filed Annual Report on Form 10-K as of September 15, 2017.
(6)
For comparative purposes only. 2018 data is as of or for the year ended December 31, 2018, except for the number of employees, which is as of February 6, 2019 and reported in our 2018 Annual Report on Form 10-K. P/E Ratio calculated using a methodology described in footnote (4) above, except as of December 31, 2018.
As part of our compensation benchmarking process, we supplement our peer group data with industry-specific survey data, representing companies similar to IDEXX in size and business model.


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How We Paid Our NEOs in 2018
In making compensation determinations with respect to our NEOs, the Compensation Committee gives primary consideration to their impact on the Company’s results in the context of our business model, and scope of responsibility, in addition to past accomplishments, prior experience and other factors, including data on prevailing market compensation levels. Considerable weight is also given to the CEO’s evaluation of the other NEOs because of his unique knowledge of their responsibilities, performance and contributions. For each of our NEOs, the Compensation Committee determines each component of compensation based on overall achievement of our financial and non-financial performance goals.
Base Salary
Base salary levels are reviewed and approved by the Compensation Committee annually, typically in the first fiscal quarter, as part of our compensation planning process. The Compensation Committee targets base salary toward the median for the peer group proxy data and market survey compensation data. Individual executive base salary levels may vary on either side of the median when factoring in our overall financial performance, and an individual’s strengths, level and scope of responsibilities, skills, experience, past performance and potential.
The 2018 base salaries of our NEOs are included in the table under “Summary Compensation Table” on page 72. Mr. Ayers’s 2018 base salary is the same base salary paid to Mr. Ayers since 2013, reflecting our philosophy that the portion of the CEO’s total compensation that is performance-based should grow as a percentage of the total over time. The Compensation Committee approved base salary increases in 2018 for each of the other NEOs to more closely align these base salaries to the median of the proxy peer group and market survey data for these positions and to ensure they are internally equitable, where appropriate.
Annual Performance-Based Cash Bonus
Annual performance-based cash bonuses for 2018 were paid to our CEO and our other NEOs, as well as certain other senior executives, pursuant to our 2018 Executive Incentive Plan (the “Executive Incentive Plan”) adopted by the Compensation Committee in February 2018. Under the Executive Incentive Plan, the amount of each participating senior executive’s annual performance-based cash bonus for 2018 was determined based on the overall performance factor described below.
In connection with adopting the Executive Incentive Plan, the Compensation Committee determined for each NEO and other participating senior executive his or her target annual performance-based cash bonus amount for 2018 based on a percentage of his or her annual base salary:
Base
Salary
x
Target
Incentive %
=
Target Annual
Performance-Based
Cash Bonus Amount
The Compensation Committee also limited the maximum amount of the 2018 annual performance-based cash bonus payable to any NEO, or other participating senior executive, to 200% of his or her target. These target percentages are intended to provide a suitable mix of fixed and variable compensation and to maintain an appropriate weighting of annual versus longer-term incentives, consistent with our compensation philosophy, and capping the amount of the annual performance-based cash bonus mitigates the risk associated with this type of incentive compensation design.


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EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

The amount of the 2018 annual performance-based cash bonus payable to each NEO and other participating senior executive under the Executive Incentive Plan was determined based upon an overall performance factor that is calculated using two equally-weighted factors:
A financial performance factor (determined by measuring against specific financial metrics selected by the Compensation Committee); and
A non-financial performance factor (determined by measuring the Company’s achievement of non-financial performance goals approved by the Board that are focused on strengthening and positioning the Company for sustained future growth and profitability).
 
 
 
Overall Performance Factor
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Target Annual
Performance-
Based Cash
Bonus Amount
x
 
Financial
Performance
Factor
+
Non-
Financial
Performance
Factor
 
=
Actual Annual
Performance-
Based Cash
Bonus Amount
 
 
 
50% Weighting
 
50% Weighting
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Financial Performance Factor
The financial metrics used to calculate the financial performance factor are established annually by the Compensation Committee. For 2018, the Executive Incentive Plan included four financial performance metrics: organic revenue growth, operating profit, earnings per share (diluted) and ROIC:
Organic Revenue 
Growth Rating
+
Operating
Profit
Rating
+
 Earnings per
Share (Diluted)
Rating
+
ROIC Rating
=
Financial
Performance
Factor
40% Weighting
 
20% Weighting
 
20% Weighting
 
20% Weighting