UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
x | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934. |
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2009.
¨ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 (NO FEE REQUIRED). |
For the transition period from to
Commission File No. 1-13300
CAPITAL ONE FINANCIAL CORPORATION
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware | 54-1719854 | |
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization) |
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) | |
1680 Capital One Drive McLean, Virginia | 22102 | |
(Address of Principal Executive Offices) | (Zip Code) |
(703) 720-1000
Registrants telephone number, including area code:
(Not applicable)
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes ¨ No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of large accelerated filer, accelerated filer and smaller reporting company in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer x | Accelerated filer ¨ | Non-accelerated filer ¨ | Smaller reporting company ¨ |
As of April 30, 2009 there were 395,855,999 shares of the registrants Common Stock, par value $.01 per share, outstanding.
CAPITAL ONE FINANCIAL CORPORATION
FORM 10-Q
INDEX
March 31, 2009
2
Item 1. | Financial Statements |
CAPITAL ONE FINANCIAL CORPORATION
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share data) (unaudited)
March 31, 2009 |
December 31, 2008 |
|||||||
Assets: |
||||||||
Cash and due from banks |
$ | 3,076,926 | $ | 2,047,839 | ||||
Federal funds sold and resale agreements |
663,721 | 636,752 | ||||||
Interest-bearing deposits at other banks |
4,013,678 | 4,806,752 | ||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
7,754,325 | 7,491,343 | ||||||
Securities available for sale |
36,326,951 | 31,003,271 | ||||||
Securities held to maturity |
90,990 | | ||||||
Mortgage loans held for sale |
289,337 | 68,462 | ||||||
Loans held for investment |
105,526,911 | 101,017,771 | ||||||
Less: Allowance for loan and lease losses |
(4,648,031 | ) | (4,523,960 | ) | ||||
Net loans held for investment |
100,878,880 | 96,493,811 | ||||||
Accounts receivable from securitizations |
4,850,508 | 6,342,754 | ||||||
Premises and equipment, net |
2,790,733 | 2,313,106 | ||||||
Interest receivable |
815,738 | 827,909 | ||||||
Goodwill |
13,076,754 | 11,964,487 | ||||||
Other |
10,513,243 | 9,408,309 | ||||||
Total assets |
$ | 177,387,459 | $ | 165,913,452 | ||||
Liabilities: |
||||||||
Non-interest-bearing deposits |
$ | 12,422,456 | $ | 11,293,852 | ||||
Interest-bearing deposits |
108,696,442 | 97,326,937 | ||||||
Total deposits |
121,118,898 | 108,620,789 | ||||||
Senior and subordinated notes |
8,258,212 | 8,308,843 | ||||||
Other borrowings |
14,610,092 | 14,869,648 | ||||||
Interest payable |
656,769 | 676,398 | ||||||
Other |
5,999,327 | 6,825,341 | ||||||
Total liabilities |
150,643,298 | 139,301,019 | ||||||
Stockholders Equity: |
||||||||
Preferred stock, par value $.01 per share; authorized 50,000,000 shares, 3,555,199 issued or outstanding |
3,115,722 | 3,096,466 | ||||||
Common stock, par value $.01 per share; authorized 1,000,000,000 shares, 442,540,141 and 438,434,235 issued as of March 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively |
4,425 | 4,384 | ||||||
Paid-in capital, net |
17,348,217 | 17,278,102 | ||||||
Retained earnings |
10,296,686 | 10,621,164 | ||||||
Cumulative other comprehensive loss |
(852,047 | ) | (1,221,796 | ) | ||||
Less: Treasury stock, at cost; 46,878,786 and 46,637,241 shares as of March 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively |
(3,168,842 | ) | (3,165,887 | ) | ||||
Total stockholders equity |
26,744,161 | 26,612,433 | ||||||
Total liabilities and stockholders equity |
$ | 177,387,459 | $ | 165,913,452 | ||||
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
3
CAPITAL ONE FINANCIAL CORPORATION
Consolidated Statements of Income
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data) (unaudited)
Three Months Ended March 31 |
||||||||
2009 | 2008 | |||||||
Interest Income: |
||||||||
Loans held for investment, including past-due fees |
$ | 2,190,331 | $ | 2,508,393 | ||||
Investment securities |
394,780 | 257,741 | ||||||
Other |
63,117 | 113,391 | ||||||
Total interest income |
2,648,228 | 2,879,525 | ||||||
Interest Expense: |
||||||||
Deposits |
631,848 | 610,389 | ||||||
Senior and subordinated notes |
58,044 | 140,970 | ||||||
Other borrowings |
171,585 | 316,249 | ||||||
Total interest expense |
861,477 | 1,067,608 | ||||||
Net interest income |
1,786,751 | 1,811,917 | ||||||
Provision for loan and lease losses |
1,279,137 | 1,079,072 | ||||||
Net interest income after provision for loan and lease losses |
507,614 | 732,845 | ||||||
Non-Interest Income: |
||||||||
Servicing and securitizations |
453,637 | 1,083,062 | ||||||
Service charges and other customer-related fees |
506,125 | 574,061 | ||||||
Mortgage servicing and other |
23,380 | 35,255 | ||||||
Interchange |
140,091 | 151,902 | ||||||
Other |
(32,899 | ) | 212,198 | |||||
Total non-interest income |
1,090,334 | 2,056,478 | ||||||
Non-Interest Expense: |
||||||||
Salaries and associate benefits |
554,431 | 611,280 | ||||||
Marketing |
162,712 | 297,793 | ||||||
Communications and data processing |
199,104 | 187,243 | ||||||
Supplies and equipment |
118,900 | 130,931 | ||||||
Occupancy |
100,251 | 88,080 | ||||||
Restructuring expense |
17,627 | 52,759 | ||||||
Other |
592,067 | 454,191 | ||||||
Total non-interest expense |
1,745,092 | 1,822,277 | ||||||
Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes |
(147,144 | ) | 967,046 | |||||
Income tax (benefit) provision |
(60,223 | ) | 334,491 | |||||
Income (loss) from continuing operations, net of tax |
(86,921 | ) | 632,555 | |||||
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax |
(24,958 | ) | (84,051 | ) | ||||
Net income (loss) |
$ | (111,879 | ) | $ | 548,504 | |||
Net income (loss) available to common shareholders |
$ | (176,069 | ) | $ | 548,504 | |||
Basic earnings per common share: |
||||||||
Income (loss) from continuing operations |
$ | (0.39 | ) | $ | 1.71 | |||
Loss from discontinued operations |
(0.06 | ) | (0.23 | ) | ||||
Net income (loss) |
$ | (0.45 | ) | $ | 1.48 | |||
Diluted earnings per common share: |
||||||||
Income (loss) from continuing operations |
$ | (0.39 | ) | $ | 1.70 | |||
Loss from discontinued operations |
(0.06 | ) | (0.23 | ) | ||||
Net income (loss) |
$ | (0.45 | ) | $ | 1.47 | |||
Dividends paid per common share |
$ | 0.375 | $ | 0.375 | ||||
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
4
CAPITAL ONE FINANCIAL CORPORATION
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders Equity
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data) (unaudited)
Common Stock | Preferred Stock | Paid-In Capital, Net |
Retained Earnings |
Cumulative Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) |
Treasury Stock |
Total Stockholders Equity |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
(In Thousands, Except Per Share Data) |
Shares | Amount | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance, December 31, 2007 |
419,224,900 | $ | 4,192 | $ | | $ | 15,860,490 | $ | 11,267,568 | $ | 315,248 | $ | (3,153,386 | ) | $ | 24,294,112 | |||||||||||||
Adjustment to initially apply the measurement date provision of FAS 158, net of income tax benefit of $317 |
| | | 572 | (1,161 | ) | (589 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Comprehensive income: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income |
| | | | 548,504 | | | 548,504 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of income tax: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized losses on securities, net of income tax benefit of $5,661 |
| | | | | (10,513 | ) | | (10,513 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Defined benefit pension plans |
| | | | | (1,441 | ) | | (1,441 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Foreign currency translation adjustments |
| | | | | (37,415 | ) | | (37,415 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized loss on cash flow hedging instruments, net of income tax benefit of $43,694 |
| | | | | (81,145 | ) | | (81,145 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income |
| | | | | (130,514 | ) | | (130,514 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Comprehensive income |
| | | | | | | 417,990 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Cash dividends$0.375 per share |
| | | | (139,929 | ) | | | (139,929 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Purchase of treasury stock |
| | | | | | (9,818 | ) | (9,818 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Issuances of common stock and restricted stock, net of forfeitures |
1,359,327 | 14 | | 9,376 | | | | 9,390 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Exercise of stock options and tax benefits of exercises and restricted stock vesting |
723,822 | 7 | | 25,195 | | | | 25,202 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Compensation expense for restricted stock awards and stock options |
| | | 21,579 | | | | 21,579 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Allocation of ESOP shares |
| | | 1,590 | | | | 1,590 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Balance, March 31, 2008 |
421,308,049 | 4,213 | | 15,918,230 | 11,676,715 | 183,573 | (3,163,204 | ) | 24,619,527 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Balance, December 31, 2008 |
438,434.235 | $ | 4,384 | $ | 3,096,466 | $ | 17,278,102 | $ | 10,621,164 | $ | (1,221,796 | ) | $ | (3,165,887 | ) | $ | 26,612,433 | ||||||||||||
Comprehensive income: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net loss |
| | | | (111,879 | ) | | | (111,879 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of income tax: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized gains on securities, net of income taxes of $175,598 |
| | | | | 373,492 | | 373,492 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Defined benefit pension plans, net of net income tax benefit of $163 |
| | | | | (293 | ) | | (293 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Foreign currency translation adjustments |
| | | | | (38,993 | ) | | (38,993 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized gains in cash flow hedging instruments, net of income taxes of $28,223 |
| | | | | 35,543 | | 35,543 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income (loss) |
| | | | | 369,749 | | 369,749 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Comprehensive income (loss) |
257,870 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash dividends-Common stock $0.375 per share |
| | | | (148,409 | ) | | | (148,409 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Cash dividends-Preferred stock 5% per annum |
| | (494 | ) | | (44,440 | ) | | | (44,934 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
Purchase of treasury stock |
| | | | | | (2,955 | ) | (2,955 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Issuances of common stock and restricted stock, net of forfeitures |
1,543,405 | 15 | | 7,981 | | | | 7,996 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Exercise of stock options and tax benefits of exercises and restricted stock vesting |
1,900 | | | (1,599 | ) | | | | (1,599 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Accretion of preferred stock discount |
| | 19,750 | | (19,750 | ) | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||
Compensation expense for restricted stock awards and stock options |
| | | 31,670 | | | | 31,670 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance of common stock for acquisition |
2,560,601 | 26 | | 30,830 | | | | 30,856 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Allocation of ESOP shares |
| | | 1,233 | | | | 1,233 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Balance, March 31, 2009 |
442,540,141 | $ | 4,425 | $ | 3,115,722 | $ | 17,348,217 | $ | 10,296,686 | $ | (852,047 | ) | $ | (3,168,842 | ) | $ | 26,744,161 | ||||||||||||
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
5
CAPITAL ONE FINANCIAL CORPORATION
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(Dollars in thousands) (unaudited)
Three Months Ended March 31, |
||||||||
2009 | 2008 | |||||||
Operating Activities: |
||||||||
Income from continuing operations, net of tax |
$ | (86,921 | ) | $ | 632,555 | |||
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax |
(24,958 | ) | (84,051 | ) | ||||
Net Income |
(111,879 | ) | 548,504 | |||||
Adjustments to reconcile net income to cash provided by operating activities: |
||||||||
Provision for loan and lease losses |
1,279,137 | 1,079,072 | ||||||
Depreciation and amortization, net |
151,278 | 185,507 | ||||||
Gains on sales of securities available for sale |
(4,335 | ) | (8,630 | ) | ||||
Gains on sales of auto loans |
| (1,220 | ) | |||||
Gains on repurchase of senior notes |
| (51,971 | ) | |||||
Mortgage loans held for sale: |
||||||||
Transfers and originations |
(281,981 | ) | (729,299 | ) | ||||
(Gain) loss on sales |
1,567 | (14,172 | ) | |||||
Proceeds from sales |
291,208 | 900,663 | ||||||
Stock plan compensation expense |
24,715 | 23,757 | ||||||
Changes in assets and liabilities: |
||||||||
Increase in interest receivable |
12,171 | 88,998 | ||||||
(Increase) Decrease in accounts receivable from securitizations |
1,492,246 | (679,064 | ) | |||||
(Increase) Decrease in other assets |
811,763 | (737,979 | ) | |||||
Decrease in interest payable |
(19,629 | ) | (122,331 | ) | ||||
(Decrease) Increase in other liabilities |
(1,598,693 | ) | 700,940 | |||||
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities attributable to discontinued operations |
13,646 | (24,704 | ) | |||||
Net cash provided by operating activities |
2,061,214 | 1,158,071 | ||||||
Investing Activities: |
||||||||
Purchases of securities available for sale |
(5,980,615 | ) | (5,545,022 | ) | ||||
Proceeds from maturities of securities available for sale |
1,794,765 | 1,433,076 | ||||||
Proceeds from sales of securities available for sale |
740,191 | 1,707,539 | ||||||
Proceeds from securitizations of loans |
2,892,903 | 2,346,225 | ||||||
Net increase in loans held for investment |
834,305 | 128,911 | ||||||
Principal recoveries of loans previously charged off |
192,928 | 170,107 | ||||||
Additions of premises and equipment, net |
(74,587 | ) | (101,254 | ) | ||||
Net payments for companies acquired |
(448,151 | ) | | |||||
Net cash provided by investing activities attributable to discontinued operations |
3 | | ||||||
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities |
(48,258 | ) | 139,582 | |||||
Financing Activities: |
||||||||
Net increase (decrease) in deposits |
(1,058,530 | ) | 4,933,766 | |||||
Net increase (decrease) in other borrowings |
(1,260,905 | ) | (5,107,097 | ) | ||||
Repurchases of senior notes |
| (965,847 | ) | |||||
Redemptions of acquired company debt and noncontrolling interest |
(464,915 | ) | | |||||
Purchases of treasury stock |
(2,955 | ) | (9,818 | ) | ||||
Dividends paid- common stock |
(148,409 | ) | (139,929 | ) | ||||
Dividends paid- preferred stock |
(44,934 | ) | | |||||
Net proceeds from issuances of common stock |
9,230 | 10,980 | ||||||
Proceeds from share based payment activities |
(1,599 | ) | 21,579 | |||||
Net cash used in financing activities attributable to discontinued operations |
(3,274 | ) | (32,692 | ) | ||||
Net cash used in financing activities |
(2,976,291 | ) | (1,289,058 | ) | ||||
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents |
(963,335 | ) | 8,595 | |||||
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year |
7,491,343 | 4,821,409 | ||||||
Cash and cash equivalents of acquired companies |
1,226,317 | | ||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period |
$ | 7,754,325 | $ | 4,830,004 | ||||
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
6
CAPITAL ONE FINANCIAL CORPORATION
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(in thousands, except per share data) (unaudited)
Note 1
Significant Accounting Policies
Business
Capital One Financial Corporation (the Corporation) is a diversified financial services company whose banking and non-banking subsidiaries market a variety of financial products and services. The Corporations principal subsidiaries are:
| Capital One Bank (USA), National Association (COBNA) which currently offers credit and debit card products, other lending products and deposit products. |
| Capital One, National Association (CONA) which offers a broad spectrum of banking products and financial services to consumers, small businesses and commercial clients. |
| Chevy Chase Bank, F.S.B. (Chevy Chase Bank) which offers a broad spectrum of banking products and financial services to consumers, small businesses and commercial clients. |
On February 27, 2009, the Corporation acquired Chevy Chase Bank for $475.9 million comprised of cash of $445.0 million and 2.56 million shares of common stock valued at $30.9 million. Chevy Chase Bank has the largest retail branch presence in the Washington D.C. region. See Note 2 for more information regarding the acquisition.
During 2008, the Corporation completed several reorganizations and consolidations to streamline operations and regulatory relationships. On January 1, Capital One Auto Finance Inc. (COAF) moved from a direct subsidiary of the Corporation to become a direct operating subsidiary of CONA. In connection with the COAF move, one of COAFs direct operating subsidiaries, Onyx Acceptance Corporation (Onyx), became a direct subsidiary of the Corporation. On March 1, the Corporation converted Capital One Bank from a Virginia-state chartered bank to a national association called Capital One Bank (USA), National Association (COBNA). On March 8, Superior Savings of New England, N.A. (Superior) merged with and into CONA. Both COBNA and CONA are primarily regulated by the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (the OCC). In May 2008, we consolidated the business and operations of two registered broker-dealers, Capital One Securities, LLC (dba Capital One Investments, LLC) and Capital One Investment Services Corporation (formerly NFB Investment Services Corporation), into Capital One Investments Services Corporation. In addition, in May 2008, we consolidated the business and operations of three insurance agencies, Capital One Agency Corp., GreenPoint Agency, Inc. and Hibernia Insurance Agency, LLC into Green Point Agency, Inc., which is now known as Capital One Agency LLC.
The Corporation and its subsidiaries are hereafter collectively referred to as the Company.
CONA, COBNA and Chevy Chase Bank are hereafter collectively referred to as the Banks.
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (GAAP) that require management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from these estimates.
The Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of the Company in which it has a controlling financial interest. Investments in unconsolidated entities where we have the ability to exercise significant influence over the operations of the investee are accounted for using the equity method of accounting. This includes interests in variable interest entities (VIEs) where we are not the primary beneficiary. Investments not meeting the criteria for equity method accounting are accounted for using the cost method of accounting. Investments in unconsolidated entities are included in other assets, and our share of income or loss is recorded in other non-interest income. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated. Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the 2009 presentation. All amounts in the following notes, excluding per share data, are presented in thousands unless noted otherwise.
7
Special Purpose Entities and Variable Interest Entities
Special purpose entities (SPEs) are broadly defined as legal entities structured for a particular purpose. There are two different accounting frameworks applicable to SPEs: the qualifying SPE (QSPE) framework under Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (SFAS) No. 140, Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishments of Liabilities (SFAS 140) and the VIE framework under Financial Accounting Standards Board Interpretation No. 46 (Revised 2003), Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities (VIE), (FIN 46(R)).
QSPEs QSPEs are passive entities that are commonly used in mortgage, credit card, auto and installment loan securitization transactions. SFAS 140 establishes the criteria an entity must satisfy to be a QSPE which includes restrictions on the types of assets a QSPE may hold, limits on repurchase of assets, the use of derivatives and financial guarantees, and the level of discretion a servicer may exercise to collect receivables. SPEs that meet the criteria for QSPE status are not required to be consolidated. The Company uses the QSPE model to conduct off-balance sheet securitization activities. See Note 12 for more information on the Companys off-balance sheet securitization activities.
In April 2008, The Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) voted to eliminate the concept of QSPEs from the accounting guidance. On September 15, 2008, the FASB issued exposure drafts to amend SFAS 140 and FIN46R. The two proposed Statements would significantly change accounting for transfers of financials assets, due to elimination of the concept of a QSPE, and would change the criteria for determining whether to consolidate a VIE. The proposals have gone through a public comment period and the FASB is redeliberating certain issues and final standards are expected to be released during the second quarter of 2009. As the proposals stand, the change would have a significant impact on the Companys consolidated financial statements as a result of the loss of sales treatment for assets previously sold to a QSPE, as well as for future sales. As of March 31, 2009, the total assets of QSPEs to which the Company has transferred and received sales treatment were $44.8 billion.
VIEs Special purpose entities that are not QSPEs are considered for consolidation in accordance with FIN46(R), which defines a VIE as an entity that (1) lacks sufficient equity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support; (2) has equity owners that lack the ability to make significant decisions about the entity; or (3) has equity owners that do not have the obligation to absorb expected losses or the right to receive expected returns. In general, a VIE may be formed as a corporation, partnership, limited liability corporation, or any other legal structure used to conduct activities or hold assets. A VIE often holds financial assets, including loans or receivables, real estate or other property.
The Company consolidates a VIE if the Company is considered to be its primary beneficiary. The primary beneficiary is subject to absorbing the majority of the expected losses from the VIEs activities, is entitled to receive a majority of the entitys residual returns, or both.
The Company, in the ordinary course of business, has involvement with or retains interests in VIEs in connection with some of its securitization activities, servicing activities and the purchase or sale of mortgage-backed and other asset-backed securities in connection with its investment portfolio. The Company also makes loans to VIEs that hold debt, equity, real estate or other assets. In certain instances, the Company provides guarantees to VIEs or holders of variable interests in VIEs. See Note 9Mortgage Servicing Rights; Note 12Securitizations; Note 13Commitments, Contingencies and Guarantees; and Note 14Other Variable Interest Entities for more detail on the Companys involvement and exposure related to non-consolidated VIEs.
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities
The Company recognizes all of its derivative instruments as either assets or liabilities in the balance sheet at fair value. These instruments are recorded in other assets or other liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets and in the operating section of the Statements of Cash Flows as increases (decreases) of other assets and other liabilities. The Companys policy is not to offset fair value amounts recognized for derivative instruments and fair value amounts recognized for the right to reclaim cash collateral or the obligation to return cash collateral arising from derivative instruments recognized at fair value executed with the same counterparty under netting arrangements. As of March 31, 2009 the Company had recorded $557.2 million for the right to reclaim cash collateral and $489.7 million for the obligation to return cash collateral under master netting arrangements.
Loans Acquired
Loans acquired in connection with acquisitions are accounted for under SFAS 141(R), Business Combinations (SFAS 141(R)) or Statement of Position 03-3, Accounting for Certain Loans or Debt Securities Acquired in a Transfer (SOP 03-3) if the loan has experienced a deterioration of credit quality at the time of acquisition. Under both statements, acquired loans are recorded at fair value and the carry-over of the related allowance for loan and lease losses is prohibited. Fair value of the loans involves estimating the principal and interest cash flows expected to be collected on the loans and discounting those cash flows at a market rate of interest.
The excess of cash flows expected at acquisition over the estimated fair value is referred to as the accretable yield and is recognized into interest income over the remaining life of the loan. The difference between contractually required payments at acquisition and the cash flows expected to be collected at acquisition, considering the impact of prepayments, is referred to as the nonaccretable difference. The nonaccretable difference includes estimated future credit losses expected to be incurred over the life of the loan. Subsequent decreases to the expected cash flows will require the Company to evaluate the need for an additional allowance for loan and lease losses. Subsequent improvement in cash flows will result in the reversal of the nonaccretable difference which will then get reclassified as accretable yield and have a positive impact on interest income.
Loans acquired that were previously classified as nonaccrual are considered performing, regardless of whether the customer is contractually delinquent. The Company expects to fully collect the new carrying value of the loans. As such, the Company no longer considers the loans to be nonaccrual or nonperforming because we will continue to accrue interest on these loans because of the establishment of an accretable yield in accordance with SFAS 141(R) and SOP 03-03. In addition, net charge-offs on such loans are applied to the nonaccretable difference recorded at acquisition for the estimated future credit losses.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
On April 9, 2009, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position (FSP) No. FAS 157-4, Determining Whether a Market Is Not Active and a Transaction is Not Distressed (FSP 157-4), which provides additional guidance on determining whether a market for a financial asset is not active and a transaction is not distressed for fair value measurements under SFAS No. 157, Fair Value Measurements (SFAS 157). The Company did not early adopt FSP 157-4 and, as such, FSP 157-4 will be effective for interim and annual reporting periods ending after June 15, 2009. The Company is currently assessing the impact of FSP 157-4 on the consolidated earnings and financial position of the Company.
8
On April 9, 2009, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position No. FAS 115-2 and FAS 124-2, Recognition and Presentation of Other-Than-Temporary Impairment (FSP 115-2 and FAS 124-2), which eliminates the Companys requirement to assert its intent and ability to hold an investment until its forecasted recovery to avoid recognizing an impairment loss. The FSP will require the Company to recognize an other-than-temporary impairment when the Company intends to sell the security or it is more likely than not that it will be required to sell the security before recovery. Credit related impairments are recorded in income while other impairments are recorded in other comprehensive income. FSP 115-2 and FAS 124-2 will be effective for interim and annual reporting periods ending after June 15, 2009. The Company is currently assessing the impact of FSP 115-2 and FAS 124-2 on the consolidated earnings and financial position of the Company.
On April 9, 2009, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position No. FAS 107-1 and APB 28-1, Interim Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments (FSP 107-1 and APB 28-1), which will require the Company to include fair value disclosures of financial instruments for each interim and annual period that financial statements are prepared. FSP 107-1 and APB 28-1 will be effective for interim and annual reporting periods ending after June 15, 2009. The initial adoption of FSP 107-1 and APB 28-1 will not have an impact on the consolidated earnings or financial position of the Company because it only amends the disclosure requirements for financial instruments.
In January 2009, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position No. EITF 99-20-1, Recognition of Interest Income and Impairment on Purchased Beneficial Interests and Beneficial Interests That Continue to Be Held by a Transferor in Securitized Financial Assets (FSP EITF 99-20). The FSP was issued to achieve more consistent determination of whether an other-than-temporary impairment has occurred. The FSP also retains and emphasizes the objective of an other-than-temporary impairment assessment and the related disclosure requirements in SFAS No. 115, Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities, (SFAS 115) and other related guidance. FSP EITF 99-20 emphasizes that any other-than-temporary impairment resulting from the application of SFAS 115 or EITF 99-20 shall be recognized in earnings equal to the entire difference between the investments cost and its fair value at the balance sheet date of the reporting period for which the assessment is made. FSP EITF 99-20 is effective for interim and annual reporting periods ending after December 15, 2008, and shall be applied prospectively. Retrospective application to a prior interim or annual reporting period is not permitted. The adoption of FSP EITF 99-20 did not have impact on consolidated earnings or financial position of the Company.
In December 2008, the FASB issued FSP No. FAS 140-4 and FIN 46(R)-8, Disclosures by Public Entities (Enterprises) about Transfers of Financial Assets and Interests in Variable Interest Entities, (FSP FAS 140-4 and FIN 46 (R)-8). FSP FAS 140-4 and FIN 46(R)-8 amends SFAS 140 and FIN 46(R) and requires public companies to provide additional disclosures about their involvement with variable interest entities. This FSP is effective for the first reporting period ending after December 15, 2008. This FSP does not impact the consolidated earnings or financial position of the Company. See Note 13 for additional detail.
In June 2008, the FASB issued FSP EITF 03-6-1, Determining Whether Instruments Granted in Share-Based Payment Transactions Are Participating Securities. The FSP addresses whether instruments granted in share-based payment transactions are participating securities prior to vesting and therefore need to be included in the earnings allocation in calculating earnings per share under the two-class method described in SFAS No. 128, Earnings per Share (SFAS 128). The FSP requires companies to treat unvested share-based payment awards that have non-forfeitable rights to dividend or dividend equivalents as a separate class of securities in calculating earnings per share. The FSP is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008; earlier application is not permitted. The adoption of FSP EITF 03-6-1 did not have a material effect on our results of operations or earnings per share.
In September 2008, the FASB issued FSP No. FAS 133-1 and FIN 45-4, Disclosures about Credit Derivatives and Certain Guarantees: An Amendment of FASB Statement No. 133 and FASB Interpretation No. 45; and Clarification of the Effective Date of FASB Statement No. 161. FSP FAS 133-1 and FIN 45-4 requires enhanced disclosures about credit derivatives and guarantees and amends FASB Interpretation No. 45, Guarantors Accounting and Disclosure Requirements for Guarantees, Including Indirect Guarantees of Indebtedness of Others (FIN 45) to exclude credit derivative instruments accounted for at fair value under SFAS 133. The FSP is effective for financial statements issued for reporting periods ending after November 15, 2008. The adoption of FSP FAS 133-1 did not have a material impact on the consolidated earnings or financial position of the Company. FIN 45-4 only requires additional disclosures concerning guarantees, which did not have an impact on the consolidated earnings or financial position of the Company because it only amends the disclosure requirements. See Note 13 for additional detail.
Effective January 1, 2008, the Company adopted SFAS 157 for all financial assets and liabilities and for nonfinancial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis. Under FASB Staff Position No. FAS 157-2, Effective Date of FASB Statement No. 157 (FSP 157-2), the Company elected to defer the adoption of SFAS 157 for nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities measured on a nonrecurring basis. SFAS 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in GAAP, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. The initial adoption of SFAS 157 did not have a material impact on the consolidated earnings and financial position of the Company. There are no material assets or liabilities recognized or disclosed at fair value for which the Company has not applied the provisions of SFAS 157. See Note 6 for additional detail.
9
Effective January 1, 2008, the Company adopted SFAS No. 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Liabilities (SFAS 159). SFAS 159 permits entities to choose to measure many financial instruments and certain other items at fair value with changes in fair value included in current earnings. The election is made on specified election dates, can be made on an instrument by instrument basis, and is irrevocable. The initial adoption of SFAS 159 did not have a material impact on the consolidated earnings and financial position of the Company. See Note 6 for additional detail.
In March 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 161, Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities-an amendment of FASB Statement No. 133, (SFAS 161). This Statement changes the disclosure requirements for derivative and hedging activities. Entities are required to provide enhanced disclosures about (a) how and why an entity uses derivative instruments, (b) how derivative instruments and related hedged items are accounted for under SFAS 133 and its related interpretations, and (c) how derivative instruments and related hedged items affect an entitys financial position, financial performance, and cash flows. This Statement is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after November 15, 2008. The adoption of SFAS 161 did not have an impact on the consolidated earnings or financial position of the Company because it only amends the disclosure requirements for derivatives and hedged items. See Note 11 for derivatives disclosures under SFAS 161.
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160, Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statementsan amendment of ARB No. 51, (SFAS 160). This Statement applies to all entities that prepare consolidated financial statements, except not-for-profit organizations, but will affect only those entities that have an outstanding noncontrolling interest in one or more subsidiaries or that deconsolidate a subsidiary. This Statement amends ARB 51 to establish accounting and reporting standards for the noncontrolling interest in a subsidiary and for the deconsolidation of a subsidiary. It clarifies that a noncontrolling interest in a subsidiary is an ownership interest in the consolidated entity that should be reported as equity in the consolidated financial statements. This Statement is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning on or after December 15, 2008. The adoption of SFAS 160 did not have an impact on the consolidated earnings or financial position of the Company.
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141(R), which applies prospectively to business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after the beginning of the first annual reporting period beginning on or after December 15, 2008. This Statement replaces SFAS 141, Business Combinations. It retains the fundamental requirements in SFAS 141; however, the scope is broader than that of SFAS 141 by applying to all transactions and other events in which one entity obtains control over one or more other businesses. SFAS 141(R) requires an acquirer to recognize the assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, and any noncontrolling interest in the acquiree at the acquisition date, at their fair values as of that date, with limited exceptions, thereby replacing SFAS 141s cost-allocation process. This Statement also changes the requirements for recognizing acquisition related costs, restructuring costs, and assets acquired and liabilities assumed arising from contingencies. It also changes the accounting for step acquisitions. The Company applied the provisions of SFAS 141(R) with the Chevy Chase Bank acquisition.
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 158, Employers Accounting for Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Plans, an amendment of FASB Statements No 87, 88, 106, and 132(R), (SFAS 158). SFAS 158 requires plan sponsors of defined benefit pension and other postretirement benefit plans (collectively, defined benefit plans) to recognize the funded status of their defined benefit plans in the consolidated balance sheet, measure the fair value of plan assets and benefit obligations as of the date of the fiscal year-end consolidated balance sheet, and provide additional disclosures. On December 31, 2006, the Company adopted the recognition and disclosure provisions of SFAS 158. On January 1, 2008 the Company adopted SFAS 158s provisions regarding the change in the measurement date of defined benefit plans. The adoption of SFAS 158 did not have a material impact on the consolidated earnings or financial position of the Company.
Note 2
Acquisitions
Chevy Chase Bank
On February 27, 2009, the Company acquired all of the outstanding common stock of Chevy Chase Bank in exchange for Capital One common stock and cash with a total value of $475.9 million. Under the terms of the stock purchase agreement, Chevy Chase Bank common shareholders received $445.0 million in cash and 2.56 million shares of Capital One common stock. In addition, to the extent that losses on certain of Chevy Chase Banks mortgage loans are less than the level reflected in the net credit mark estimated at the time the deal was signed, the Company will share a portion of the benefit with the former Chevy Chase Bank common shareholders (the earn-out). As of March 31, 2009 the Company has not recognized a liability associated with the earn-out due to the short time frame since the acquisition date. The maximum payment under the earn-out is $300.0 million and would occur after December 31, 2013. Subsequent to the closing of the acquisition all of the outstanding shares of preferred stock of Chevy Chase Bank and the subordinated debt of its wholly-owned REIT subsidiary, were redeemed. This acquisition improves the Companys core deposit funding base, increases readily available and committed liquidity, adds additional scale in bank operations,
10
and brings a strong customer platform. Chevy Chase Banks results of operations are included in the Companys results after the acquisition date of February 27, 2009.
The Chevy Chase Bank acquisition is being accounted for under the acquisition method of accounting in accordance with
SFAS 141(R). Accordingly, the purchase price was allocated to the acquired assets and liabilities based on their estimated fair values at the Chevy Chase Bank acquisition date, as summarized in the following table. Preliminary goodwill of $1.1
billion is calculated as the purchase premium after adjusting for the fair value of net assets acquired and represents the value expected from the synergies created through the scale, operational and product enhancement benefits that will result
from combining the operations of the two companies. The allocation of the purchase price is still preliminary due to the short duration since the acquisition date and will be finalized upon completion of the analysis of the fair values of Chevy
Chase Banks assets and liabilities. The fair value of the noncontrolling interest was calculated based on the redemption price of the interests, as well as any accrued but unpaid dividends. The shares of preferred stock of Chevy Chase Bank
have been redeemed as noted above, and therefore, there is no longer a noncontrolling interest.
Costs to acquire Chevy Chase Bank: |
||||
Cash consideration paid |
$ | 445,000 | ||
Capital One common stock issued (2,560,601 shares) |
30,855 | |||
Fair value of contingent consideration |
| |||
Transfer taxes paid on behalf of Chevy Chase Bank |
3,151 | |||
Total consideration paid for Chevy Chase Bank |
$ | 479,006 | ||
Fair value of noncontrolling interest |
283,900 | |||
Fair value of Chevy Chase Bank |
$ | 762,906 | ||
Chevy Chase Banks net assets at fair value: |
||||
Chevy Chase Banks stockholders equity at February 27, 2009 |
641,537 | |||
Elimination of Chevy Chase Banks intangible assets (including goodwill) |
(18,383 | ) | ||
Adjustments to reflect assets and liabilities acquired at fair value: |
||||
Net loans |
(1,427,161 | ) | ||
Investment securities |
(53,306 | ) | ||
Intangible assets |
276,195 | |||
Other assets |
398,029 | |||
Deposits |
(109,861 | ) | ||
Borrowings |
(12,871 | ) | ||
Other liabilities |
(45,291 | ) | ||
Less: Adjusted identifiable net liabilities acquired |
(351,112 | ) | ||
Total preliminary goodwill(1) |
$ | 1,114,018 | ||
(1) | No goodwill is expected to be deductible for federal income tax purposes. The goodwill has been allocated to the Other segment for the first quarter of 2009 and will be reallocated during the second quarter of 2009, along with the operations of Chevy Chase Bank to the appropriate segments. |
The following condensed balance sheet of Chevy Chase Bank discloses the amount assigned to each major asset and liability caption at the acquisition date. The allocation of the final purchase price is still subject to refinement as the integration process continues and additional information becomes available.
February 27, 2009 | ||||
Assets: |
||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
$ | 1,217,837 | ||
Interest-bearing deposits |
8,480 | |||
Investment securities |
1,423,568 | |||
Net loans |
9,841,678 | |||
Other Intangible assets |
44,830 | |||
Core deposit intangibles |
231,365 | |||
Other assets |
2,206,552 | |||
Total assets |
$ | 14,974,310 | ||
Liabilities: |
||||
Deposits |
$ | 13,556,639 | ||
Securities sold under repurchase agreements |
806,575 | |||
Other borrowings |
376,600 | |||
Other liabilities |
585,608 | |||
Total liabilities |
15,325,422 | |||
Net liabilities acquired |
$ | (351,112 | ) | |
11
The following table discloses the impact of Chevy Chase Bank since the acquisition on February 27, 2009, through the end of the first quarter 2009. The table also presents what the pro-forma Company results would have been had the acquisition taken place on January 1, 2009 and January 1, 2008. These results include the impact of amortizing certain purchase accounting adjustments. The pro forma financial information does not indicate the impact of possible business model changes nor does it consider any potential impacts of current market conditions or revenues, reduction of expenses, asset dispositions, or other factors.
Actual since acquisition as of March 31, 2009 |
Pro-Forma results as of March 31, | ||||||||||
2009 | 2008 | ||||||||||
Revenue |
$ | 35,905 | $ | 2,925,190 | $ | 4,035,748 | |||||
Net income (loss) from continuing operations, net of tax |
$ | (9,786 | ) | $ | (181,181 | ) | $ | 604,142 |
Note 3
Loans Acquired in a Transfer
The Companys acquired loans from the Chevy Chase Bank acquisition, subject to SFAS 141(R), are recorded at fair value and no separate valuation allowance is recorded at the date of acquisition. The Company is required to review each loan at acquisition to determine if it should be accounted for under Statement of Position 03-3, Accounting for Certain Loans or Debt Securities Acquired in a Transfer (SOP 03-3) and if so, determines whether each such loan is to be accounted for individually or whether such loans will be aggregated into pools of loans based on common risk characteristics. Due to the short time period between the date of the acquisition and the reporting period, the Company has not completed its analysis of the loans to be accounted for as impaired under SOP 03-3 or as performing under SFAS 141(R). The accounting treatment is essentially the same under both pieces of guidance. The disclosure requirements under SOP 03-3 are more extensive, and the Company has elected to provide such disclosures for all of the acquired Chevy Chase Bank loans. The Company expects to complete its analysis during the second quarter and to specify loans as either SOP 03-3 or as performing under SFAS 141(R). For the evaluation of whether a loan should be accounted for under SOP 03-3, the Company is considering a number of factors including the delinquency status of the loan, payment options and other loan features (i.e. reduced documentation or stated income loans, interest only, or negative amortization features), underwriting standards applied during the year of origination, the geographic location of the borrower or collateral, the loan-to-value ratio and the risk rating assigned to the loans. The Company expects that a significant portion of the option arm portfolio will be considered impaired and accounted for under SOP 03-3.
The Company makes an estimate of the total cash flows it expects to collect from the loans (or pools of loans), which includes undiscounted expected principal and interest. The excess of that amount over the fair value of the loans is referred to as accretable yield. Accretable yield is recognized as interest income on a constant yield basis over the life of the loans. The Company also determines the loans contractual principal and contractual interest payments. The excess of that amount over the total cash flows it expects to collect from the loans is referred to as nonaccretable difference, which is not accreted into income. Judgmental prepayment assumptions are applied to both contractually required payments and cash flows expected to be collected at acquisition. The Company continues to estimate cash flows expected to be collected over the life of the loans. Subsequent increases in total cash flows it expects to collect are recognized as an adjustment to the accretable yield with the amount of periodic accretion adjusted over the remaining life of the loans. Subsequent decreases in cash flows expected to be collected over the life of the loans are recognized as impairment in the current period through a valuation allowance. Adjustments to the acquisition date fair value of the acquired loans made during the refinement of the allocation of purchase price could impact accretable yield and/or nonaccretable difference.
In conjunction with the Chevy Chase Bank acquisition, the acquired loan portfolio was accounted for under SFAS 141(R) at fair value and they are as follows:
(In Thousands) |
At Acquisition | ||
Contractually required principal and interest at acquisition |
$ | 14,991,802 | |
Nonaccretable difference (expected losses of $2,205,854 and foregone interest of $1,229,349) |
3,435,203 | ||
Cash flows expected to be collected at acquisition |
$ | 11,556,599 | |
Accretable yield (interest component of expected cash flows) |
1,714,921 | ||
Basis in acquired loans at acquisition |
$ | 9,841,678 | |
12
The carrying amount of these loans is included in the balance sheet amounts of loans receivable at March 31, 2009 and is as follows:
March 31, 2009 | ||||
Outstanding Balance |
$ | 11,400,331 | ||
Carrying Amount |
$ | 9,578,267 | ||
Accretable Yield | ||||
Balance at January 1, 2009 |
$ | | ||
Additions |
1,714,921 | |||
Accretion |
(31,989 | ) | ||
Balance at March 31, 2009 |
$ | 1,682,932 | ||
Note 4
Discontinued Operations
Shutdown of Mortgage Origination Operations of Wholesale Mortgage Banking Unit
In the third quarter of 2007, the Company shut down the mortgage origination operations of its wholesale mortgage banking unit, GreenPoint Mortgage (GreenPoint). GreenPoint was acquired by the Company in December 2006 as part of the North Fork acquisition. The results of the mortgage origination operations of GreenPoint have been accounted for as a discontinued operation and have been removed from the Companys results from continuing operations for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008.
The results of GreenPoints mortgage servicing business continue to be reported as part of the Companys continuing operations. The mortgage servicing function was moved into the Local Banking segment in conjunction with the shutdown of the mortgage origination operation and the results of the Local Banking segment include the mortgage servicing results for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008. The commercial and consumer mortgage loans held for investment portfolios were reported in the Local Banking segment and the Other segment, respectively, for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008.
The Company retained $1.6 billion of certain GreenPoint loans and reclassified them from mortgage loans held for sale to loans held for investment during 2007. Continuing cash flows from the loans held for investment loan portfolio are included in the Companys results of continuing operations for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008, and classified as operating cash flows in the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows. The Company will have no significant continuing involvement in the operations of the originate and sell business of GreenPoint.
The loss from discontinued operations for the three months ended March 31, 2009 includes an expense of $26.0 million, recorded in non-interest expense, for representations and warranties provided by the Company on loans previously sold to third parties by GreenPoints mortgage origination operation.
The following is summarized financial information for discontinued operations related to the closure of the Companys wholesale mortgage banking unit:
Three Months Ended March 31 |
||||||||
2009 | 2008 | |||||||
Net interest income(1) |
$ | 723 | $ | 1,923 | ||||
Non-interest income |
55 | 1,837 | ||||||
Non-interest expense |
39,533 | 135,254 | ||||||
Income tax benefit |
(13,797 | ) | (47,443 | ) | ||||
Loss from discontinued operations, net of taxes |
$ | (24,958 | ) | $ | (84,051 | ) | ||
(1) | There is no provision for loan and lease losses because loans were reclassified to loans held for sale and recorded at the lower of cost or market. |
13
The Companys wholesale mortgage banking unit had assets of approximately $30.6 million as of March 31, 2009 consisting of $15.9 million of mortgage loans held for sale and $14.5 million of other related assets. The related liabilities consisted of obligations to fund these assets, and obligations for representations and warranties provided by the Company on loans previously sold to third parties.
Note 5
Segments
The segments reflect the manner in which financial information is currently evaluated. The Company strategically manages and reports the results of its business through two operating segment levels: Local Banking and National Lending. The Local Banking segment includes the Companys branch, treasury services and national deposit gathering activities; its commercial, branch based small business lending and certain branch originated consumer lending; and its mortgage servicing activities.
The results of the GreenPoint mortgage origination operations are being reported as discontinued operations for 2009 and 2008, and are not included in the segment results of the Company. The results of GreenPoints mortgage servicing business and small ticket commercial real estate loans held for investment portfolio are reported as part of the Companys continuing operations and included in the Local Banking segment. The results of GreenPoints consumer mortgage loans held for investment portfolio are reported as part of the Companys continuing operations and included in the Other segment.
The Local Banking and National Lending segments are considered reportable segments based on quantitative thresholds applied to the managed loan portfolio for reportable segments provided by SFAS 131, and are disclosed separately. The National Lending segment consists of the following sub-segments: U.S. Card, which consists of the Companys domestic credit card business, including small business credit cards, and the installment loan businesses, Auto Finance and International lending. The Other segment includes the Companys liquidity portfolio, emerging businesses not included in the reportable segments, and various non-lending activities. The Other segment also includes, the results of GreenPoints consumer mortgage loans held for investment portfolio, the GreenPoint home equity line of credit portfolio, the net impact of transfer pricing, certain unallocated expenses, gains/losses related to the securitization of assets, and restructuring charges related to the Companys cost initiative announced in the second quarter of 2007.
The results of Chevy Chase Bank operations since acquisition are included in the Other segment and will be reclassified into appropriate reporting segments in the second quarter of 2009.
The Company maintains its books and records on a legal entity basis for the preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP. The following tables present information prepared from the Companys internal management information system, which is maintained on a line of business level through allocations from the consolidated financial results.
The following tables present certain information regarding the Companys continuing operations by segment:
Three months ended March 31, 2009 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Total Company |
National Lending |
Local Banking |
Other | Total Managed |
Securitization Adjustments(1) |
Total Reported |
|||||||||||||||||
Net interest income |
$ | 2,061,691 | $ | 599,029 | $ | 83,033 | $ | 2,743,753 | $ | (957,002 | ) | $ | 1,786,751 | ||||||||||
Non-interest income |
1,005,446 | 184,510 | (203,804 | ) | 986,152 | 104,182 | 1,090,334 | ||||||||||||||||
Provision for loan and lease losses |
1,848,955 | 219,369 | 63,633 | 2,131,957 | (852,820 | ) | 1,279,137 | ||||||||||||||||
Restructuring expenses |
| | 17,627 | 17,627 | | 17,627 | |||||||||||||||||
Other non-interest expenses |
1,100,770 | 619,854 | 6,841 | 1,727,465 | | 1,727,465 | |||||||||||||||||
Income tax provision (benefit) |
41,532 | (19,490 | ) | (82,265 | ) | (60,223 | ) | | (60,223 | ) | |||||||||||||
Net income (loss) |
$ | 75,880 | $ | (36,194 | ) | $ | (126,607 | ) | $ | (86,921 | ) | $ | | $ | (86,921 | ) | |||||||
Loans held for investment |
$ | 95,753,037 | $ | 44,458,675 | $ | 10,123,282 | $ | 150,334,994 | $ | (44,808,083 | ) | $ | 105,526,911 | ||||||||||
Total deposits |
$ | 1,279,562 | $ | 79,114,684 | $ | 40,724,652 | $ | 121,118,898 | $ | | $ | 121,118,898 |
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Three months ended March 31, 2008 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Total Company |
National Lending |
Local Banking |
Other | Total Managed |
Securitization Adjustments(2) |
Total Reported | ||||||||||||||
Net interest income |
$ | 2,408,583 | $ | 566,954 | $ | 1,313 | $ | 2,976,850 | $ | (1,164,933 | ) | $ | 1,811,917 | |||||||
Non-interest income |
1,226,114 | 215,469 | 165,102 | 1,606,685 | 449,793 | 2,056,478 | ||||||||||||||
Provision for loan and lease losses |
1,677,220 | 60,394 | 56,598 | 1,794,212 | (715,140 | ) | 1,079,072 | |||||||||||||
Restructuring expenses |
| | 52,759 | 52,759 | | 52,759 | ||||||||||||||
Other non-interest expenses |
1,279,171 | 605,351 | (115,004 | ) | 1,769,518 | | 1,769,518 | |||||||||||||
Income tax provision (benefit) |
236,203 | 40,837 | 57,451 | 334,491 | | 334,491 | ||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) |
$ | 442,103 | $ | 75,841 | $ | 114,611 | $ | 632,555 | $ | | $ | 632,555 | ||||||||
Loans held for investment |
$ | 103,003,402 | $ | 44,197,085 | $ | 836,041 | $ | 148,036,528 | $ | (49,680,440 | ) | $ | 98,356,088 | |||||||
Total deposits |
$ | 1,774,690 | $ | 73,387,227 | $ | 12,533,025 | $ | 87,694,942 | $ | | $ | 87,694,942 |
Three months ended March 31, 2009 | |||||||||||||
National Lending |
U.S. Card | Auto Finance |
International | Total National Lending | |||||||||
Net interest income |
$ | 1,504,695 | $ | 370,003 | $ | 186,993 | $ | 2,061,691 | |||||
Non-interest income |
883,891 | 19,965 | 101,590 | 1,005,446 | |||||||||
Provision for loan and lease losses |
1,521,997 | 166,169 | 160,789 | 1,848,955 | |||||||||
Non-interest expenses |
862,915 | 113,884 | 123,971 | 1,100,770 | |||||||||
Income tax provision (benefit) |
1,286 | 38,470 | 1,776 | 41,532 | |||||||||
Net income (loss) |
$ | 2,388 | $ | 71,445 | $ | 2,047 | $ | 75,880 | |||||
Loans held for investment |
$ | 67,015,166 | $ | 20,667,910 | $ | 8,069,961 | $ | 95,753,037 | |||||
Three months ended March 31, 2008 | |||||||||||||
National Lending |
U.S. Card | Auto Finance |
International | Total National Lending | |||||||||
Net interest income |
$ | 1,743,714 | $ | 401,562 | $ | 263,307 | $ | 2,408,583 | |||||
Non-interest income |
1,070,831 | 16,110 | 139,173 | 1,226,114 | |||||||||
Provision for loan and lease losses |
1,120,025 | 408,251 | 148,944 | 1,677,220 | |||||||||
Non-interest expenses |
938,860 | 136,169 | 204,142 | 1,279,171 | |||||||||
Income tax provision (benefit) |
264,481 | (44,362 | ) | 16,084 | 236,203 | ||||||||
Net income (loss) |
$ | 491,179 | $ | (82,386 | ) | $ | 33,310 | $ | 442,103 | ||||
Loans held for investment |
$ | 67,382,004 | $ | 24,633,665 | $ | 10,987,733 | $ | 103,003,402 |
(1) | Income statement adjustments for the three months ended March 31, 2009 reclassify the net of finance charges of $1,072.8 million, past due fees of $201.6 million, other interest income of $(33.7) million and interest expense of $283.7 million; and net charge-offs of $852.8 million to non-interest income from net interest income and provision for loan and lease losses, respectively. |
(2) | Income statement adjustments for the three months ended March 31, 2008 reclassify the net of finance charges of $1,524.0 million, past due fees of $263.5 million, other interest income of $(38.8) million and interest expense of $583.8 million; and net charge-offs of $715.1 million to non-interest income from net interest income and provision for loan and lease losses, respectively. |
Segment Adjustments That Affect Comparability
On February 27 2009, the Company acquired Chevy Chase Bank and its assets and results are recorded within the Other segment for the first quarter of 2009.
During the first quarter of 2008, the Company repurchased approximately $1.0 billion of certain senior unsecured debt, recognizing a gain of $52.0 million in non-interest income and reported in the Other segment. The Company initiated the repurchases to take advantage of the current market environment and replaced the repurchased debt with lower-rate unsecured funding.
15
Note 6
Fair Values of Assets and Liabilities
SFAS 157 defines fair value as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. SFAS 157 requires that valuation techniques maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. SFAS 157 also establishes a fair value hierarchy which prioritizes the valuation inputs into three broad levels. Based on the underlying inputs, each fair value measurement in its entirety is reported in one of the three levels. These levels are:
| Level 1Valuation is based upon quoted prices for identical instruments traded in active markets. Level 1 assets and liabilities include debt and equity securities traded in an active exchange market, as well as U.S. Treasury securities. |
| Level 2Valuation is based upon quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active, and model based valuation techniques for which all significant assumptions are observable in the market or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities. |
| Level 3Valuation is determined using model-based techniques with significant assumptions not observable in the market. These unobservable assumptions reflect the Companys own estimates of assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. Valuation techniques include the use of third party pricing services, option pricing models, discounted cash flow models and similar techniques. |
SFAS 159 allows an entity the irrevocable option to elect fair value for the initial and subsequent measurement for certain financial assets and liabilities on a contract-by-contract basis. The Company has not made any material SFAS 159 elections as of the end of the first quarter of 2009.
Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis
March 31, 2009 | ||||||||||||
Fair Value Measurements Using | Assets/Liabilities at Fair Value | |||||||||||
Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | ||||||||||
Assets |
||||||||||||
Securities available for sale |
$ | 1,588,695 | $ | 32,427,396 | $ | 2,310,860 | $ | 36,326,951 | ||||
Other assets |
||||||||||||
Mortgage servicing rights |
| | 258,663 | 258,663 | ||||||||
Derivative receivables(1) |
8,997 | 994,070 | 654,146 | 1,657,213 | ||||||||
Retained interests in securitizations |
| | 2,185,706 | 2,185,706 | ||||||||
Total Assets |
$ | 1,597,692 | $ | 33,421,466 | $ | 5,409,375 | $ | 40,428,533 | ||||
Liabilities |
||||||||||||
Other liabilities |
||||||||||||
Derivative payables(1) |
$ | 5,430 | $ | 1,172,299 | $ | 54,379 | $ | 1,232,108 | ||||
Total Liabilities |
$ | 5,430 | $ | 1,172,299 | $ | 54,379 | $ | 1,232,108 | ||||
December 31, 2008 | ||||||||||||
Fair Value Measurements Using | Assets/Liabilities at Fair Value | |||||||||||
Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | ||||||||||
Assets |
||||||||||||
Securities available for sale |
$ | 291,907 | $ | 28,331,103 | $ | 2,380,261 | $ | 31,003,271 | ||||
Other assets |
||||||||||||
Mortgage servicing rights |
| | 150,544 | 150,544 | ||||||||
Derivative receivables(1) |
8,020 | 1,768,902 | 59,895 | 1,836,817 | ||||||||
Retained interests in securitizations |
| | 1,470,385 | 1,470,385 | ||||||||
Total Assets |
$ | 299,927 | $ | 30,100,005 | $ | 4,061,085 | $ | 34,461,017 | ||||
Liabilities |
||||||||||||
Other liabilities |
||||||||||||
Derivative payables(1) |
$ | 937 | $ | 1,260,062 | $ | 60,672 | $ | 1,321,671 | ||||
Total Liabilities |
$ | 937 | $ | 1,260,062 | $ | 60,672 | $ | 1,321,671 | ||||
16
(1) | The Company does not offset the fair value of derivative contracts in a loss position against the fair value of contracts in a gain position. The Company also does not offset fair value amounts recognized for derivative instruments and fair value amounts recognized for the right to reclaim cash collateral or the obligation to return cash collateral arising from derivative instruments executed with the same counterparty under a master netting arrangement. |
Financial instruments are considered Level 3 when their values are determined using pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies or similar techniques and at least one significant model assumption or input is unobservable. Level 3 financial instruments also include those for which the determination of fair value requires significant management judgment or estimation. The table below presents a reconciliation for all assets and liabilities measured and recognized at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) during 2009. All Level 3 instruments presented in the table were carried at fair value prior to the adoption of SFAS 159.
Level 3 Instruments Only
Three Months Ended March 31, 2009 |
||||||||||||||||||||
Securities Available for Sale |
Mortgage Servicing Rights(1) |
Derivative Receivables(2) |
Retained Interests in Securitizations(3) |
Derivative Payables(2) |
||||||||||||||||
Balance, January 1, 2009 |
$ | 2,380,261 | $ | 150,544 | $ | 59,895 | $ | 1,470,385 | $ | 60,672 | ||||||||||
Total realized and unrealized gains (losses): |
||||||||||||||||||||
Included in earnings |
| 2,656 | (5,870 | ) | (101,127 | ) | (5,898 | ) | ||||||||||||
Included in other comprehensive income |
(111,472 | ) | | | 22,898 | | ||||||||||||||
Purchases, issuances and settlements |
61,938 | 105,463 | 600,121 | 793,550 | (395 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Transfers into Level 3(4) |
(19,867 | ) | | | | | ||||||||||||||
Balance, March 31, 2009 |
$ | 2,310,860 | $ | 258,663 | $ | 654,146 | $ | 2,185,706 | $ | 54,379 | ||||||||||
Change in unrealized gains (losses) included in earnings related to financial instruments held at March 31, 2009 |
$ | | $ | 2,656 | $ | (5,870 | ) | $ | (25,696 | ) | $ | (5,898 | ) | |||||||
Year ended December 31, 2008 |
||||||||||||||||||||
Securities Available for Sale |
Mortgage Servicing Rights(1) |
Derivative Receivables(2) |
Retained Interests in Securitizations(3) |
Derivative Payables(2) |
||||||||||||||||
Balance, January 1, 2008 |
$ | 217,428 | $ | 247,589 | $ | 8,962 | $ | 1,295,498 | $ | 8,631 | ||||||||||
Total realized and unrealized gains (losses): |
||||||||||||||||||||
Included in earnings |
18 | (72,516 | ) | 33,442 | (187,934 | ) | 34,072 | |||||||||||||
Included in other comprehensive income |
(696,601 | ) | | | (57,259 | ) | | |||||||||||||
Purchases, issuances and settlements |
180,631 | (24,529 | ) | 17,491 | 420,080 | 17,969 | ||||||||||||||
Transfers into Level 3(4) |
2,678,785 | | | | | |||||||||||||||
Balance, December 31, 2008 |
$ | 2,380,261 | $ | 150,544 | $ | 59,895 | $ | 1,470,385 | $ | 60,672 | ||||||||||
Change in unrealized gains (losses) included in earnings related to financial instruments held at December 31, 2008 |
$ | | $ | (72,516 | ) | $ | 33,442 | $ | (41,055 | ) | $ | 34,072 |
(1) | Gains (losses) related to Level 3 mortgage servicing rights are reported in mortgage servicing and other income, which is a component of non-interest income. |
(2) | An end of quarter convention is used to measure derivative activity, resulting in end of quarter values being reflected as purchases, issuances and settlements for derivatives having a zero fair value at inception. Gains (losses) related to Level 3 derivative receivables and derivative payables are reported in other non-interest income, which is a component of non-interest income. |
(3) | An end of quarter convention is used to reflect activity in retained interests in securitizations, resulting in all transactions and assumption changes being reflected as if they occurred on the last day of the quarter. Gains (losses) related to Level 3 retained interests in securitizations are reported in servicing and securitizations income, which is a component of non-interest income. |
(4) | Level 3 assets decreased $19.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2009. Level 3 assets consist primarily of senior-classes of non-agency mortgage backed securities backed by prime jumbo collateral. The ongoing capital markets dislocation has decreased new issuance and secondary trading volumes for many fixed income markets. This lower level of activity makes it increasingly difficult to find consistent pricing of many fixed income securities. The pricing of our prime jumbo non-agency |
17
mortgage-backed securities continued to exhibit a variation that was outside of our Level 2 assets policy tolerances. Consequently, we reassigned additional securities to Level 3. |
The amount of Level 3 securities will likely continue to be a function of market conditions. An increase in dislocation and corresponding decrease in new issuance and trading volumes could result in the reclassification of additional securities to Level 3. If market conditions improve and pricing transparency and consistency increase, assets currently classified as Level 3 could be reclassified to Level 2.
Level 3 Valuation Techniques
Financial instruments are considered Level 3 when their values are determined using pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies or similar techniques and at least one significant model assumption or input is unobservable. Level 3 financial instruments also include those for which the determination of fair value requires significant management judgment or estimation. A brief description of the valuation techniques used for Level 3 assets and liabilities is provided below.
Securities available for sale
Certain securities available for sale are classified as Level 3, the majority of which are non-agency mortgage-backed securities backed by prime collateral. Classification of Level 3 indicates that significant valuation assumptions are not consistently observable in the market. When significant assumptions are not consistently observable, fair values are derived using the best available data. Such data may include quotes provided by a dealer, the use of external pricing services, independent pricing models, or other model-based valuation techniques such as calculation of the present values of future cash flows incorporating assumptions such as benchmark yields, spreads, prepayment speeds, credit ratings, and losses.
Mortgage servicing rights
Mortgage servicing rights (MSRs) do not trade in an active market with readily observable prices. Accordingly, the Company determines the fair value of MSRs using a valuation model that calculates the present value of estimated future net servicing income. The model incorporates assumptions that market participants use in estimating future net servicing income, including estimates of prepayment spreads, discount rate, cost to service, contractual servicing fee income, ancillary income and late fees. Since the adoption of SFAS No. 156, Accounting for Servicing of Financial Assets-an amendment of FASB Statement No. 140, (SFAS 156) in 2007, the Company records MSRs at fair value on a recurring basis. Fair value measurements of MSRs use significant unobservable inputs and, accordingly, are classified as Level 3. The valuation technique for these securities is discussed in more detail in Note 9Mortgage Servicing Rights.
Derivatives
Most of the Companys derivatives are not exchange traded but instead traded in over the counter markets where quoted market prices are not readily available. The fair value of those derivatives is derived using models that use primarily market observable inputs, such as interest rate yield curves, credit curves, option volatility and currency rates. Any derivative fair value measurements using significant assumptions that are unobservable are classified as Level 3, which include interest rate swaps whose remaining terms extend beyond market observable interest rate yield curves. The impact of Capital Ones non-performance risk is considered when measuring the fair value of derivative liabilities.
Retained interests in securitizations
Retained interests in securitizations include the interest-only strip, retained notes, cash reserve accounts and cash spread accounts. The Company uses a valuation model that calculates the present value of estimated future cash flows. The model incorporates the Companys own estimates of assumptions market participants use in determining fair value, including estimates of payment rates, defaults, discount rates, and contractual interest and fees.
Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis
The Company is also required to measure and recognize certain other financial assets at fair value on a nonrecurring basis in the consolidated balance sheet. For assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis in 2009 and still held on the consolidated balance sheet at March 31, 2009, the following table provides the fair value measures by level of valuation assumptions used and the amount of fair value adjustments recorded in earnings for those assets in 2009. Fair value adjustments for mortgage loans held for sale, foreclosed assets, and other assets are recorded in other non-interest expense, and fair value adjustments for loans held for investment are recorded in provision for loan and lease losses in the consolidated statement of income.
18
March 31, 2009 | |||||||||||||||
Fair Value Measurements Using | Assets at Fair Value |
Total Losses | |||||||||||||
Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | |||||||||||||
Assets |
|||||||||||||||
Mortgage loans held for sale |
$ | | $ | 58,784 | $ | | $ | 58,784 | $ | 3,156 | |||||
Loans held for investment |
| 97,257 | 213,191 | 310,448 | 70,095 | ||||||||||
Foreclosed assets(1) |
| 46,833 | | 46,833 | 7,428 | ||||||||||
Other |
| 3,725 | | 3,725 | 735 | ||||||||||
Total |
$ | | $ | 206,599 | $ | 213,191 | $ | 419,790 | $ | 81,414 | |||||
December 31, 2008 | |||||||||||||||
Fair Value Measurements Using | Assets at Fair Value |
Total Losses in 2008 | |||||||||||||
Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | |||||||||||||
Assets |
|||||||||||||||
Mortgage loans held for sale |
$ | | $ | 68,462 | $ | | $ | 68, 462 | $ | 14,386 | |||||
Loans held for investment |
| 64,737 | 142,768 | 207,505 | 62,747 | ||||||||||
Total |
$ | | $ | 133,199 | $ | 142,768 | $ | 275,967 | $ | 77,133 | |||||
(1) | Represents the fair value and related losses of foreclosed properties that were written down subsequent to their initial classification as foreclosed properties. |
Note 7
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
During Q1 2009, the Company acquired Chevy Chase Bank, the largest retail branch presence in the Washington, D.C. region, which created $1.1 billion of goodwill. The goodwill associated with the acquisition of Chevy Chase Bank was held in the Other segment in the first quarter of 2009. See Note 2 for information regarding the Chevy Chase Bank acquisition.
Goodwill impairment is tested at the reporting unit level, which is an operating segment or one level below on an annual basis in accordance with SFAS No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets. The Companys reporting units are Local Banking, U.S. Card, Auto Finance, and International. The goodwill impairment analysis is a two-step test. The first step, used to identify potential impairment, involves comparing each reporting units fair value to its carrying value including goodwill. If the fair value of a reporting unit exceeds its carrying value, applicable goodwill is considered not to be impaired. If the carrying value exceeds fair value, there is an indication of impairment and the second step is performed to measure the amount of impairment. For the three months ended March 31, 2009, no impairment of goodwill was recognized.
During the first quarter of 2009, our stock price, along with the stock prices of others in the financial services industry, declined significantly, resulting in a decline in our market capitalization subsequent to our annual goodwill impairment testing date in 2008. While this decline did not result in further goodwill impairment in the first quarter of 2009, the Company will continue to regularly monitor its market capitalization, overall economic conditions and other events or circumstances that might result in an impairment of goodwill in the future.
The following table provides a summary of goodwill.
Total Company |
National Lending |
Local Banking |
Other | Total | |||||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2008 |
$ | 5,303,299 | $ | 6,661,188 | $ | | $ | 11,964,487 | |||||||
Additions |
| | 1,114,018 | 1,114,018 | |||||||||||
Other adjustments |
| (4 | ) | | (4 | ) | |||||||||
Foreign currency translation |
(1,747 | ) | | | (1,747 | ) | |||||||||
Balance at March 31, 2009 |
$ | 5,301,552 | $ | 6,661,184 | $ | 1,114,018 | $ | 13,076,754 | |||||||
19
National Lending Detail |
U.S. Card | Auto Finance |
International | National Lending Total |
||||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2008 |
$ | 3,761,318 | $ | 619,512 | $ | 922,469 | $ | 5,303,299 | ||||||
Foreign currency translation |
| | (1,747 | ) | (1,747 | ) | ||||||||
Balance at March 31, 2009 |
$ | 3,761,318 | $ | 619,512 | $ | 920,722 | $ | 5,301,552 | ||||||
In connection with the acquisition of Chevy Chase Bank, the Company recorded intangible assets of $276.2 million that consisted of core deposit intangibles, trust intangibles, lease intangibles, and other intangibles, which are subject to amortization. The core deposit and trust intangibles reflect the estimated value of deposit and trust relationships. The lease intangibles reflect the difference between the contractual obligation under current lease contracts and the fair market value of the lease contracts at the acquisition date. The other intangible items relate to customer lists and brokerage relationships. The following table summarizes the Companys intangible assets subject to amortization.
March 31, 2009 | ||||||||||||
Gross Carrying Amount |
Accumulated Amortization |
Net Carrying Amount |
Remaining Weighted Avg. Amortization Period | |||||||||
Core deposit intangibles |
$ | 1,551,365 | $ | (546,355 | ) | $ | 1,005,010 | 8.8 years | ||||
Lease intangibles |
53,993 | (18,223 | ) | 35,770 | 23.5 years | |||||||
Trust intangibles |
10,500 | (3,565 | ) | 6,935 | 14.7 years | |||||||
Other intangibles |
43,647 | (5,061 | ) | 38,586 | 3.7 years | |||||||
Total |
$ | 1,659,505 | $ | (573,204 | ) | $ | 1,086,301 | |||||
Intangibles are amortized on an accelerated basis using the sum of digits methodology over their respective estimated useful lives. Intangible assets are recorded in other assets on the balance sheet. Amortization expense for intangibles is recorded to non-interest expense. The weighted average amortization period for all purchase accounting intangibles is 9.1 years.
The following table summarizes the Companys current period and estimated future amortization expense for intangible assets as of March 31, 2009:
(in thousands) |
Current Period Amortization Amount | ||
Three months ended March 31, 2009 |
$ | 52,430 | |
Estimated Future Amortization Amounts | |||
Years ended December 31, |
|||
2009 (remaining nine months) |
$ | 182,113 | |
2010 |
$ | 218,238 | |
2011 |
$ | 182,985 | |
2012 |
$ | 149,225 | |
2013 |
$ | 120,574 | |
2014 |
$ | 92,864 | |
Thereafter |
$ | 140,302 | |
Total |
$ | 1,086,301 | |
Note 8
Comprehensive Income and Earnings Per Common Share
Comprehensive income for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively was as follows:
20
Three Months Ended March 31 |
||||||||
2009 | 2008 | |||||||
Comprehensive Income: |
||||||||
Net income (loss) |
$ | (111,879 | ) | $ | 548,504 | |||
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax |
369,749 | (130,514 | ) | |||||
Total comprehensive income |
$ | 257,870 | $ | 417,990 | ||||
Earnings Per Common Share
The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per common share:
Three Months Ended March 31 | ||||||||
(Shares in Thousands) | 2009 | 2008 | ||||||
Numerator: |
||||||||
Income (loss) from continuing operations, net of tax |
$ | (86,921 | ) | $ | 632,555 | |||
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax |
(24,958 | ) | (84,051 | ) | ||||
Net income (loss) |
$ | (111,879 | ) | $ | 548,504 | |||
Preferred stock dividends and accretion of discount |
$ | (64,190 | ) | $ | | |||
Net income (loss) available to common shareholders |
$ | (176,069 | ) | $ | 548,504 | |||
Denominator: |
||||||||
Denominator for basic earnings per share-weighted-average shares |
390,456 | 370,743 | ||||||
Effect of dilutive securities (1): |
||||||||
Stock options |
| 644 | ||||||
Contingently issuable shares |
| | ||||||
Restricted stock and units |
| 885 | ||||||
Dilutive potential common shares |
| 1,529 | ||||||
Denominator for diluted earnings per share-adjusted weighted-average shares |
390,456 | 372,272 | ||||||
Basic earnings per share |
||||||||
Income (loss) from continuing operations |
$ | (0.39 | ) | $ | 1.71 | |||
Loss from discontinued operations |
(0.06 | ) | (0.23 | ) | ||||
Net income (loss) |
$ | (0.45 | ) | $ | 1.48 | |||
Diluted earnings per share |
||||||||
Income (loss) from continuing operations |
$ | (0.39 | ) | $ | 1.70 | |||
Loss from discontinued operations |
(0.06 | ) | (0.23 | ) | ||||
Net income (loss) |
$ | (0.45 | ) | $ | 1.47 | |||
(1) | Excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share were 43.8 million and 24.3 million as of March 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively, because their inclusion would be antidilutive. |
Note 9
Mortgage Servicing Rights
MSRs are recognized when mortgage loans are sold in the secondary market and the right to service these loans is retained for a fee and carried at fair value; changes in fair value are recognized in mortgage servicing and other income. The Company may enter into derivatives to economically hedge changes in fair value of MSRs. The Company originally sold mortgage loans through whole loan sales transactions and in some instances the loans were subsequently securitized by the third party purchaser and transferred into a VIE. The Company typically does not have any continuing involvement other than its right to service the loans, and the Company
21
does not hold subordinate residual interests or enter into other guarantees or liquidity agreements with these structures. The Company records the MSR at estimated fair value and has no other loss exposure over and above the recorded fair value. The servicing fee does not represent a variable interest in the VIE and thus, the Company could not be deemed the primary beneficiary of these structures.
The Company continues to operate the mortgage servicing business and to report the changes in the fair value of MSRs in continuing operations. To evaluate and measure fair value, the underlying loans are stratified based on certain risk characteristics, including loan type, note rate and investor servicing requirements. The following table sets forth the changes in the fair value of mortgage servicing rights during the three months ended March 31, 2009 and March 31, 2008:
Three Months Ended March 31 |
||||||||
Mortgage Servicing Rights: |
2009 | 2008 | ||||||
Balance, beginning of period |
$ | 150,544 | $ | 247,589 | ||||
Acquired in acquisitions (1) |
109,538 | | ||||||
Originations |
2,342 | | ||||||
Sales |
| (6 | ) | |||||
Change in fair value, net |
(3,761 | ) | (41,473 | ) | ||||
Balance, end of period |
$ | 258,663 | $ | 206,110 | ||||
Ratio of mortgage servicing rights to related loans serviced for others |
0.79 | % | 0.75 | % | ||||
Weighted average service fee |
0.29 | 0.28 |
(1) | Related to the Chevy Chase Bank acquisition completed on February 27, 2009. |
Fair value adjustments to the MSR for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008 included a $6.4 million and a $7.3 million, respectively, decrease due to run-off in the serviced portfolio, and an increase of $2.7 million and a decrease of $34.2 million, respectively, due to changes in the valuation inputs and assumptions.
The valuation adjustments for the MSR were partially offset by changes in the fair value of economic hedging instruments of $4.4 million and $42.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively, which were recognized in non-interest income. For additional information on hedging activities, refer to Note 11.
The significant assumptions used in estimating the fair value of the servicing assets at March 31, 2009 and 2008 were as follows:
March 31, 2009 |
March 31, 2008 |
|||||
Weighted average prepayment rate (includes default rate) |
22.70 | % | 29.47 | % | ||
Weighted average life (in years) |
3.8 | 3.3 | ||||
Discount rate |
11.55 | % | 10.44 | % |
At March 31, 2009, the sensitivities to immediate 10% and 20% increases in the weighted average prepayment rates would decrease the fair value of mortgage servicing rights by $12.3 million and $23.4 million, respectively.
As of March 31, 2009, the Companys mortgage loan servicing portfolio consisted of mortgage loans with an aggregate unpaid principal balance of $47.0 billion, of which $32.5 billion was serviced for investors other than the Company. The Chevy Chase Bank acquisition added $18.3 billion to the mortgage loan servicing portfolio, of which $10.2 billion was serviced for other investors. As of March 31, 2008, the Companys mortgage loan servicing portfolio consisted of mortgage loans with an aggregate unpaid principal balance of $38.3 billion, of which $27.7 billion was serviced for investors other than the Company.
Servicing income, which includes contractual servicing fees, late fees and ancillary fees, totaled $15.1 million and $29.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively.
Note 10
Restructuring
During the second quarter of 2007, the Company announced a broad-based initiative to reduce expenses and improve the competitive cost position of the Company. Restructuring initiatives leverage the capabilities of recently completed infrastructure projects in several of the Companys businesses. The scope and timing of the expected cost reductions are the result of an ongoing, comprehensive review of operations within and across the Companys businesses, which began early in 2007.
22
The Company anticipates recording charges of approximately $30.0 million in excess of the original $300.0 million pre-tax over the course of the cost reduction initiative as the Company has extended the initiative due to the continued economic deterioration. Approximately half of these charges are related to severance benefits, while the remaining charges are associated with items such as contract and lease terminations and consolidation of facilities and infrastructure.
Restructuring expenses associated with continuing operations were comprised of the following:
Three months ended March 31, 2009 |
Three months ended March 31, 2008 | |||||
Restructuring expenses: |
||||||
Employee termination benefits |
$ | 11,916 | $ | 44,248 | ||
Communication and data processing |
663 | | ||||
Supplies and equipment |
1,214 | 84 | ||||
Occupancy |
653 | 3,774 | ||||
Other |
3,181 | 4,653 | ||||
Total restructuring expenses |
$ | 17,627 | $ | 52,759 | ||
Employee termination benefits include charges for executives of $3.1 million and $9.2 million and charges for associates of $8.8 million and $35.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively.
The Company made $12.2 million and $26.2 million in cash payments for restructuring charges during the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively that related to employee termination benefits. Restructuring accrual activity associated with the Companys cost initiative for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008 was as follows:
Three months ended March 31, 2009 |
Three months ended March 31, 2008 |
|||||||
Restructuring accrual activity: |
||||||||
Balance, beginning of period |
$ | 92,749 | $ | 67,961 | ||||
Restructuring charges |
17,627 | 52,759 | ||||||
Cash payments |
(12,157 | ) | (26,207 | ) | ||||
Noncash write-downs and other adjustments |
| (1,247 | ) | |||||
Balance, end of period |
$ | 98,219 | $ | 93,266 | ||||
Note 11
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities
The Company maintains a risk management strategy that incorporates the use of derivative instruments to minimize significant unplanned fluctuations in earnings caused by interest rate and foreign exchange rate volatility. The Companys goal is to manage sensitivity to changes in rates by hedging the repricing or maturity characteristics of certain balance sheet assets and liabilities, thereby limiting the impact on earnings. By using derivative instruments, the Company is exposed to credit and market risk on those derivative positions. The Company manages the market risk associated with interest rate and foreign exchange contracts by establishing and monitoring limits as to the types and degree of risk that may be undertaken. Credit risk is equal to the extent of the fair value gain in a derivative, if the counterparty fails to perform. When the fair value of a derivative contract is positive, this generally indicates that the counterparty owes the Company, and, therefore, creates a repayment risk for the Company. When the fair value of a derivative contract is negative, the Company owes the counterparty, and therefore, has no repayment risk. The Company minimizes the credit (or repayment) risk in derivative instruments by entering into transactions with high-quality counterparties that are reviewed periodically by the Companys Asset and Liability Management Committee, a committee of Senior Management. The Company also maintains a policy of requiring that all derivative contracts be governed by an International Swaps and Derivatives Association Master Agreement; depending on the nature of the derivative transaction, bilateral collateral agreements are generally required as well. The Asset and Liability Management Committee, as part of that committees oversight of the Companys asset/liability and treasury functions, monitors the Companys derivative activities. In accordance with the Companys asset/liability management policies, the Company reviews its risk profile on a monthly basis. The Companys Asset and Liability Management Committee is responsible for setting the
23
asset/liability management policies which govern hedging strategies and activities and approving new products to be traded under such new or existing strategies.
The Company uses interest rate swaps as part of its interest rate risk management strategy. Interest rate swaps generally involve the exchange of fixed and variable rate interest payments between two parties, based on a common notional principal amount and maturity date with no exchange of underlying principal amounts. As a result of interest rate fluctuations, hedged assets and liabilities will appreciate or depreciate in market value. To the extent that there is a high degree of correlation between the hedged asset or liability and the derivative instrument, the income or loss generated will generally offset the effect of this unrealized appreciation or depreciation.
The Companys foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities expose it to foreign currency exchange risk. The Company enters into various foreign exchange derivative contracts for managing foreign currency exchange risk. Changes in the fair value of the derivative instrument effectively offset the related foreign exchange gains or losses on the items to which they are designated.
The Company has non-trading and trading derivatives that do not qualify as hedges. These derivatives are carried at fair value and changes in value are included in current earnings.
The following table provides the notional value and fair values of the Companys derivative instruments, by category, as of March 31, 2009:
As of March 31, 2009 | |||||||||||||
Asset Derivatives | Liability Derivatives | ||||||||||||
Notional Value | Balance Sheet Classification |
Positive Fair Value |
Balance Sheet Classification |
Negative Fair Value | |||||||||
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments under FAS |
|||||||||||||
Cash Flow Interest Rate Contracts |
$ | 6,239,583 | Other assets | $ | | Other liabilities | $ | 206,113 | |||||
Cash Flow Foreign Exchange Contracts |
1,185,732 | Other assets | 23,193 | Other liabilities | 6,902 | ||||||||
Fair Value Interest Rate Contracts |
6,360,477 | Other assets | 558,347 | Other liabilities | 8,289 | ||||||||
Net Investment Foreign Exchange Contracts |
47,311 | Other assets | 11,713 | Other liabilities | | ||||||||
Subtotal |
$ | 13,833,103 | $ | 593,253 | $ | 221,304 | |||||||
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments under FAS 133 |
|||||||||||||
Trading Interest Rate Contracts |
$ | 8,804,731 | Other assets | $ | 294,794 | Other liabilities | $ | 282,759 | |||||
Non-Trading Interest Rate Contracts |
27,394,757 | Other assets | 761,063 | Other liabilities | 722,616 | ||||||||
Non-Trading Other Contracts |
1,497,234 | Other assets | 8,104 | Other liabilities | 5,430 | ||||||||
Subtotal |
$ | 37,696,722 | $ | 1,063,961 | $ | 1,010,805 | |||||||
Total Derivatives |
$ | 51,529,825 | $ | 1,657,214 | $ | 1,232,109 | |||||||
The following table shows the effect of the Companys derivative instruments, by category, on the income statement for the period ended March 31, 2009, assuming no ineffectiveness within derivatives:
Derivatives in Fair Value Hedging Relationships
Classification of Gain/(Loss) in Income on Derivative |
Gain/(Loss) in Income on Derivative |
Hedged Items in Fair Value Hedge Relationship |
Classification of Gain/(Loss) Recognized in Income on Related Hedged Item |
Gain/(Loss) Recognized in Income on Related Hedged Items |
Net Gain/(Loss) | ||||||||||||
Interest Rate |
Other Non-Interest Income |
$ | (47,781 | ) | Fixed-rate Debt | Other Non- Interest Income |
$ | 47,780 | $ | (1 | ) | ||||||
24
Cash Flow Hedging Relationships
Gain/(Loss) Recognized in OCI (Effective Portion) |
Classification of |
Gain/(Loss) Reclassified from OCI into Income |
Classification
of |
Gain/(Loss) Recognized Due to Ineffectiveness | ||||||||||
Interest Rate Contracts |
$ | 63,724 | Interest Income (Expense) | $ | (35,475 | ) | None |
$ | 0 | |||||
Foreign Exchange Contracts |
16,153 | Other Non - Interest Income | (10,348 | ) | None | $ | 0 | |||||||
$ | 79,877 | $ | (45,823 | ) | $ | 0 | ||||||||
Net Investment Hedging Relationships
Gain/(Loss) Recognized in OCI |
Classification of Gain/(Loss) Reclassified from OCI into Income (Effective Portion) |
Gain/(Loss) Reclassified from OCI into Income (Effective Portion) |
Classification of Gain/(Loss) Recognized in Income (Ineffective Portion and Amount Excluded from Effectiveness Testing) |
Gain/(Loss) Recognized in Income (Ineffective Portion and Amount Excluded from Effectiveness Testing) | |||||||||
Foreign Exchange Contracts |
$ | 550 | None | $ | | None | $ | | |||||
Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments under Statement 133
Classification of Gain (Loss) in Income | Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income |
|||||
Trading Interest Rate Contracts |
Other Non-Interest Income | $ | 2,453 | |||
Non-Trading Interest Rate Contracts |
Other Non-Interest Income | (64,209 | ) | |||
Non-Trading Other Contracts |
Other Non-Interest Income | 2,234 | ||||
Total |
$ | (59,522 | ) | |||
Fair Value Hedges
The Company has entered into forward exchange contracts to hedge foreign currency denominated investments against fluctuations in exchange rates. The purpose of the Companys foreign currency hedging activities is to protect the Company from the risk of adverse effects from movements in exchange rates.
The Company has also entered into interest rate swap agreements that modify the Companys exposure to interest rate risk by effectively converting a portion of the Companys senior notes, public fund certificates of deposit, and U.S. Agency investments from fixed rates to variable rates over the next eight years. The agreements involve the receipt of fixed rate amounts in exchange for floating rate interest payments over the life of the agreement without an exchange of underlying principal amounts.
Adjustments related to the ineffective portion of the fair value hedging instruments are recorded in interest income, interest expense or non-interest income depending on the hedged item. For the three months ended March 31, 2009, net gains or losses related to the ineffective portion of the Companys fair value hedging instruments were not material.
Cash Flow Hedges
The Company has entered into interest rate swap agreements that effectively modify the Companys exposure to interest rate risk by converting floating rate debt to a fixed rate debt over the next four years. The agreements involve the receipt of floating rate amounts in exchange for fixed rate interest payments over the life of the agreement without an exchange of underlying principal amounts.
The Company has entered into forward exchange contracts to reduce the Companys sensitivity to foreign currency exchange rate changes on its foreign currency denominated loans. The forward rate agreements allow the Company to lock-in functional currency equivalent cash flows associated with the foreign currency denominated loans.
Any unrealized gains or losses related to cash flow hedging instruments are reclassified from other comprehensive income (loss) into earnings in the same period or periods during which the hedged forecasted transaction affects earnings and are recorded in interest income, interest expense or non-interest income depending on the hedged item.
Adjustments related to the ineffective portion of the cash flow hedging instruments are recorded in interest income, interest expense or non-interest income depending on the hedged item.
25
At March 31, 2009, the Company expects to reclassify $12.9 million of net gains, after tax, on derivative instruments from cumulative other comprehensive income to earnings during the next 12 months as terminated swaps are amortized and as interest payments and receipts on derivative instruments occur.
Hedge of Net Investment in Foreign Operations
The Company uses forward exchange contracts to protect the value of its investment in its foreign subsidiaries. Realized and unrealized foreign currency gains and losses from these hedges are not included in the income statement, but are shown in the translation adjustments in other comprehensive income. The purpose of these hedges is to protect against adverse movements in exchange rates.
Trading Interest Rate Contracts
The Company enters into customer-oriented derivative financial instruments, including interest rate swaps, options, caps, floors, and foreign exchange contracts. These customer-oriented positions may be matched with offsetting positions to minimize risk to the Company.
These derivatives do not qualify as hedges and are recorded on the balance sheet at fair value with changes in value included in current earnings in non-interest income.
Non-Trading Interest Rate Contracts
The Company uses interest rate swaps to manage interest rate sensitivity related to loan securitizations of the Companys non-mortgage related securitization programs. The Company enters into interest rate swaps with its securitization trust and essentially offsets the derivative with separate interest rate swaps with third parties. The Company is exposed to higher credit risk related to interest rate swaps with the Trust, and has charged a higher rate to offset this risk. The Trust is unable to post collateral because of its QSPE status. The Company has recorded a $45.0 million reserve against the asset value to mitigate the credit exposure.
The Company uses interest rate cap agreements and reciprocal basis swap agreements in conjunction with the securitization of certain payment option mortgage loans. These interest rate caps limit the Companys exposure to interest rate risk by providing for payments to be made to the Company by third parties when the one-month LIBOR rate exceeds the applicable strike rate. These agreements have individual predetermined notional schedules and stated expiration dates, and relate to both currently outstanding and previously called securitization trusts. The reciprocal basis swap agreements are held with external counterparties and are structured to mirror the basis swap agreements within securitization programs. The basis swaps in the securitization structures fund the payment of uncapped floating rate interest to note holders in the trust. While payments on the basis swaps and the reciprocal basis swaps may be similar in amounts, the Company is not a party to any of the derivative contracts between the derivative providers and the securitization trusts.
The Company uses interest rate swaps in conjunction with its auto securitizations. These swaps have zero balance notional amounts unless the pay down of auto securitizations differs from its scheduled amortization.
Through its subsidiary Chevy Chase Bank, the Company enters into commitments to originate or purchase loans whereby the interest rate of the loan is determined prior to funding (interest rate lock commitment). Interest rate lock commitments on mortgage loans that the Company intends to sell in the secondary market are considered freestanding derivatives. These derivatives are carried at fair value with changes in fair value reported as a component of gain on sale of loans. In accordance with Staff Accounting Bulletin No, 105, Application of Accounting Principles to Loan Commitments, interest rate lock commitments are initially valued at zero. Changes in fair value subsequent to inception are determined based on current secondary market prices for underlying loans with similar coupons, maturity and credit quality, subject to the anticipated probability that the loans will fund within the terms of the commitment. The initial value inherent in the loan commitments at origination is recognized through gain on sale of loans when the underlying loan is sold. Both the interest rate lock commitments and the related hedging instruments are recorded at fair value with changes in fair value recorded in current earnings as a component of gain on sale of loans. As of March 31, 2009, the Company has $9.2 million in loan commitments.
These derivatives do not qualify as hedges and are recorded on the balance sheet at fair value with changes in value included in current earnings in non-interest income.
Non-Trading Other Contracts
The Company uses interest rate swaps and To Be Announced (TBA) forward contracts in conjunction with its mortgage servicing rights portfolio. These derivatives are designed to offset changes in the value of mortgage servicing rights attributable to interest rate fluctuations.
26
The Company uses TBA forward contracts and whole loan commitments in conjunction with its interest rate locks and held-for-sale fixed rate mortgages (collectively mortgage commitments). These derivatives are designed to provide a known future price for these mortgage commitments.
Credit Default Swaps
The Company has credit exposure resulting from swap agreements related to loss mitigation for certain manufactured housing securitization securitizations issued by GreenPoint Credit LLC in 2000. The maximum credit exposure from these swap agreements is $36.7 million as of March 31, 2009. The fair value of the Companys obligations under the swap agreements was $22.2 million at March 31, 2009 and is recorded as other liabilities. See Note 12 for additional information about manufactured housing securitization transactions.
Credit Risk Related Contingency Features
Certain of the Companys derivative instruments contain provisions that require the Companys debt to maintain an investment grade credit rating from each of the major credit rating agencies. If the Companys debt were to fall below investment grade, it would be in violation of those provisions, and the counterparties of the derivative instruments could request immediate payment or demand immediate and ongoing full overnight collateralization on derivative instruments in net liability positions. The aggregate fair value of all derivative instruments with credit-risk-related contingent features that are in a liability position on March 31, 2009, is $1.2 billion for which the Company has posted collateral of $783.9 million during the normal course of business, which consists of a combination of securities and cash. If the credit-risk-related features underlying these agreements had been triggered on March 31, 2009, the Company would be required to post an additional $89.0 million of collateral to its counterparties.
Counterparty Risk
In the event of counterparty default our economic loss may be higher than the uncollateralized exposure of our derivatives if we were not able to replace the defaulted derivatives in a timely fashion. We monitor the risk that our uncollateralized exposure to each of our OTC counterparties for interest-rate swaps and foreign currency swaps will increase under certain adverse market conditions by performing periodic market stress tests. These tests evaluate the potential additional uncollateralized exposure we would have to each of these derivative counterparties assuming changes in the level of market rates over a brief time period.
Note 12
Securitizations
The Company actively engages in securitization transactions of loans for funding purposes. The Company receives the proceeds from third party investors for securities issued from the Companys securitization vehicles which are collateralized by transferred receivables from the Companys portfolio. The Company removes loans from the reported financial statements for securitizations that qualify as sales in accordance with SFAS 140. Alternatively, when the transfer would not be considered a sale but rather a financing, the assets will remain on the Companys reported financial statements with an offsetting liability recognized in the amount of proceeds received.
The Company uses QSPEs to conduct off-balance sheet securitization activities and SPEs that are considered VIEs to conduct other securitization activities. Interests in the securitized and sold loans may be retained in the form of subordinated interest-only strips, subordinated tranches, cash collateral and spread accounts. The Company also retains a sellers interest in the non mortgage securitization loan receivables transferred to the trusts which is carried on a historical cost basis and classified as loans held for investment on the Reported Consolidated Balance Sheet.
Accounts Receivable from Securitizations
As of March 31, 2009 | ||||||||||
Non Mortgage | Mortgage | Total | ||||||||
Interest only strip classified as trading |
$ | 13,515 | $ | 284,946 | $ | 298,461 | ||||
Retained interests classified as trading |
707,538 | 583 | 708,121 | |||||||
Retained interests classified as available for sale |
1,179,124 | | 1,179,124 | |||||||
Other retained interests(1) |
695,800 | 14,492 | 710,292 | |||||||
Total retained residual interests |
2,595,977 | 300,021 | 2,895,998 | |||||||
Collections on deposit for off balance sheet securitizations(2)(3) |
1,238,963 | (677 | ) | 1,238,286 | ||||||
Collections on deposit for secured borrowings |
716,224 | | 716,224 | |||||||
Total Accounts Receivable from Securitizations |
$ | 4,551,164 | $ | 299,344 | $ | 4,850,508 | ||||
27
(1) | Other retained interests primarily include investor accrued billed and unbilled interest receivable, net of related finance charge and fee reserve. |
(2) | Collections on deposit for off-balance sheet securitizations include $694 million of principal collections accumulated for expected maturities of securitization transactions as of March 31, 2009. |
(3) | Collections on deposit for off-balance sheet securitizations are shown net of payments due to investors for coupon on the notes. |
Off-Balance Sheet SecuritizationsNon Mortgage
Off-balance sheet securitizations involve the transfer of pools of loan receivables by the Company to one or more third-party trusts or QSPEs in transactions that are accounted for as sales in accordance with SFAS 140. The trusts can engage only in limited business activities to maintain QSPE status. Certain undivided interests in the pool of loan receivables are sold to external investors as asset-backed securities in public underwritten offerings or private placement transactions. The proceeds from off-balance sheet securitizations are distributed by the trusts to the Company as consideration for the loan receivables transferred. Each new off-balance sheet securitization results in the removal of loan principal receivables equal to the sold undivided interests in the pool of loan receivables (off-balance sheet loans), the recognition of certain retained residual interests and a gain on the sale. Securities held by external investors totaling $42.6 billion as of March 31, 2009 represent undivided interests in the pools of loan receivables that are sold in underwritten offerings or in private placement transactions.
The remaining undivided interests in principal receivables and the related unpaid billed finance charge and fee receivables is considered transferors interest which is retained by the Company and continues to be recorded as loans on the Consolidated Balance Sheet as these loan receivables have not been sold to external investors. The amount of transferors interest fluctuates as the accountholders make principal payments and incur new charges on the accounts. The amount of retained loan receivables, representing transferors interest was $11.0 billion as of March 31, 2009.
The Companys retained residual interests in the off-balance sheet securitizations are recorded in accounts receivable from securitizations and are comprised of interest-only strips, retained senior tranches, retained subordinated tranches, cash collateral accounts, cash reserve accounts and unpaid interest and fees on the investors portion of the transferred principal receivables. The Companys retained residual interests are generally restricted or subordinated to investors interests and their value is subject to substantial credit, repayment and interest rate risks on transferred assets if the off-balance sheet loans are not paid when due. As such, the interest-only strip and retained subordinated interests are classified as trading assets in accordance with SFAS No. 155, Accounting for Certain Hybrid Instruments- an amendment of FASB Statements No. 133 and 140 (SFAS 155), and changes in the estimated fair value are recorded in servicing and securitization income. Additionally, the Company may also retain senior tranches in the securitization transactions which are considered to be higher investment grade securities and subject to lower risk of loss. The retained senior tranches are classified as available for sale securities in accordance with SFAS No. 115, and changes in the estimated fair value are recorded in other comprehensive income.
During the period ending March 31, 2009 the Company recorded a reduction in the interest-only strip of $118.7 million, due predominately to increased credit losses related to the off-balance sheet loans. The weighted average charge off rate used within the interest-only strip increased from 7% to 9%. Additionally, the Company held more retained subordinated tranches, either because of higher enhancement levels required by the trusts for issuance of new securitizations or as part of our strategy to hold senior retained tranches.
Spread account balances increased during the three month period ending March 31, 2009. This was due to current economic conditions leading to excess spread within some of the trusts hitting spread account funding triggers. In March 2009, the excess spread for certain trusts fell below the spread account funding trigger levels. This event requires the excess cash to be diverted to a spread account set aside for the benefit of the subordinated certificates of the trust, instead of being paid immediately to the Company. The excess spread is a measure of the profitability of the assets in the trust expressed as a percentage of the balance outstanding. If the three month average excess spread moves back above the trigger level, the funds in the spread account will be released and available for distributions. These spread accounts are included as retained residual interests classified as trading and are appropriately valued.
All of these retained residual interests are subject to loss in the event assumptions used to determine the estimated fair value do not prevail, or if borrowers default on the related off-balance loans and the Companys retained subordinated tranches are used to repay investors. See the table below for key assumptions and sensitivities for retained interest valuations.
In addition to the retained residual interests, the Company also has receivables from the trusts related to interest rate derivatives. These are shown as derivative receivables in other assets. Due to the recent determination of performance in the trusts and the inability of the trust to post collateral, the Company has recorded a valuation adjustment for these receivables. See note 11 on derivatives for further details of this.
The gain on sale recorded from off-balance sheet securitizations is based on the estimated fair value of the assets sold and retained and liabilities incurred, and is recorded at the time of sale, net of transaction costs, in servicing and securitizations income on the Consolidated Statements of Income. The related receivable is the interest-only strip, which is based on the present value of the estimated future cash flows from excess finance charges and past-due fees over the sum of the return paid to security holders, estimated contractual servicing fees and credit losses. The Company periodically reviews the key assumptions and estimates used in determining the value of the interest-only strip and other retained interests. The Company classifies the interest-only strip as a trading asset in accordance with SFAS 155 and SFAS 115. The Company recognizes all changes in the fair value of the interest-only strip immediately in servicing and securitizations income on the consolidated statements of income. In accordance with EITF 99-20 and FSP EITF 99-20, the interest component of cash flows attributable to retained interests in securitizations is recorded in other interest income.
28
Key Assumptions for Retained Interest Valuations
The key assumptions used in determining the fair value of the interest-only strip and other retained residual interests resulting from securitizations of loan receivables completed during the period included the weighted average ranges for net charge-off rates, principal repayment rates, lives of receivables and discount rates included in the following table. The net charge-off rates are determined using forecasted net charge-offs expected for the trust calculated consistently with other Company net charge-off forecasts. The principal repayment rate assumptions are determined using actual and forecasted trust principal repayment rates based on the collateral. The lives of receivables are determined as the number of months necessary to pay off the investors given the principal repayment rate assumptions. The discount rates are determined using primarily trust specific statistics and forward rate curves, and are reflective of what market participants would use in a similar valuation. Additionally cash reserve and spread accounts are discounted over the estimated life of the assets.
As of March 31, 2009 | |||
Weighted average life for receivables (months) |
8 | ||
Principal repayment rate (weighted average rate) |
14 | % | |
Charge-off rate (weighted average rate) |
9 | % | |
IO Strip Discount rate (weighted average rate) |
14 | % | |
Retained Notes Discount rate (weighted average rate) |
10 | % |
If these assumptions are not met, or if they change, the interest-only strip, retained interests and related servicing and securitizations income would be affected. The following adverse changes to the key assumptions and estimates, presented in accordance with SFAS 140, are hypothetical and should be used with caution. As the figures indicate, any change in fair value based on a 10% or 20% variation in assumptions cannot be extrapolated because the relationship of a change in assumption to the change in fair value may not be linear. Also, the effect of a variation in a particular assumption on the fair value of the interest-only strip is calculated independently from any change in another assumption. However, changes in one factor may result in changes in other factors, which might magnify or counteract the sensitivities.
Key Assumptions and Sensitivities for Retained Interest Valuations
Three Months Ended March 31, 2009 | ||||||||
Interest-only strip | Retained Interests | |||||||
Interest-only strip/ Retained Interests |
$ | 13,515 | $ | 1,886,662 | ||||
Weighted average life for receivables (months) |
8 | 8 | ||||||
Principal repayment rate (weighted average rate) |
14 | % | 14 | % | ||||
Impact on fair value of 10% adverse change |
$ | (6 | ) | $ | (7,619 | ) | ||
Impact on fair value of 20% adverse change |
$ | (1,139 | ) | $ | (17,203 | ) | ||
Charge-off rate (weighted average rate) |
9 | % | 9 | % | ||||
Impact on fair value of 10% adverse change |
$ | (7,445 | ) | $ | (8,583 | ) | ||
Impact on fair value of 20% adverse change |
$ | (12,390 | ) | $ | (15,667 | ) | ||
Discount rate (weighted average rate) |
14 | % | 10 | % | ||||
Impact on fair value of 10% adverse change |
$ | (58 | ) | $ | (14,727 | ) | ||
Impact on fair value of 20% adverse change |
$ | (116 | ) | $ | (29,219 | ) |
Static pool credit losses are calculated by summing the actual and projected future credit losses and dividing them by the original balance of each pool of assets. Due to the short-term revolving nature of the loan receivables, the weighted average percentage of static pool credit losses is not considered materially different from the assumed charge-off rates used to determine the fair value of the retained interests.
The Company acts as a servicing agent and receives contractual servicing fees of between 0.50% and 4% of the investor principal outstanding, based upon the type of assets serviced. The Company generally does not record material servicing assets or liabilities for these rights since the contractual servicing fee approximates market rates.
29
Cash Flows related to the Off-Balance Sheet Securitizations
The Company receives proceeds from the trusts for off-balance sheet loans that are transferred and sold to external investors. The sources of funds available to pay principal and interest on the asset-backed securities sold to investors include collections of both principal receivables and finance charge and fee receivables, credit enhancements such as subordination, spread accounts or reserve accounts and derivative agreements, including interest rate or currency swaps.
Collections of principal are generally retained by the Company as the investors elect to reinvest the collections in the purchase of new principal loan receivables (revolving securitization). However, the Company is required to remit principal collections to the trust when the securitization transaction is scheduled to mature or earlier if an amortizing event has occurred. Securitization transactions may amortize earlier than scheduled due to certain early amortization triggers, which could require the Company to fund spread accounts, reduce the value of its retained residual interests and ultimately require the off-balance sheet loans to be recorded on the Companys balance sheet and accelerate the need for alternative funding. Additionally, early amortization of securitization structures would require the Company to record higher reserves for loan losses and would also have a significant impact on the ability of the Company to meet regulatory capital adequacy requirements.
The Company is currently involved in two amortizing installment loan securitization programs. One of these installment loan trusts hit an additional amortization trigger within the quarter, due to the performance of the loans within the trust. The trust has issued securities to external investors totaling $361 million. The impact of hitting the amortization trigger resulted in the trusts moving from a pro rata amortization to a sequential amortization, which means that the Company is no longer receiving pro rata cash allocations on the retained subordinated tranches that it holds. The Company holds $12.0 million in retained subordinated tranches related to this trust and the total fair value of all retained interests in this trust is $26 million. The change in amortization will not significantly impact the Company. The expected amortization period of this trust is 18 months, which is consistent with the expected amortization period prior to hitting the trigger.
Collections of interest and fees received on securitized receivables are used to pay interest to investors, servicing and other fees, and are available to absorb the investors share of credit losses. Amounts collected in excess of that needed to pay the above amounts are remitted, in general, to the Company. Under certain conditions, some of the cash collected may be retained to ensure future payments to investors.
Three months ended March 31, 2009 | |||
Proceeds from new securitizations |
$ | 3,114,934 | |
Collections reinvested in revolving securitizations |
$ | 16,548,955 | |
Repurchases of accounts from the trust |
$ | 9,025 | |
Servicing fees received |
$ | 221,591 | |
Cash flows received on retained interests(1) |
$ | 1,554,959 |
(1) | Includes all cash receipts of excess spread and other payments (excluding servicing fees) from the trust to the Company. |
For the three months ended March 31, 2009, the Company recognized gross gains of $9.1 million on both the public and private sale of $3.1 billion of loan principal. These gross gains are included in servicing and securitizations income. In addition, the Company recognized, as a reduction to servicing and securitizations income, upfront securitization transaction costs and recurring credit facility commitment fees of $5.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2009. The remainder of servicing and securitizations income represents servicing income and excess interest and non-interest income generated by the transferred receivables, less the related net losses on the transferred receivables and interest expense related to the securitization debt.
Supplemental Loan Information
Loans included in securitization transactions which qualify as sales under GAAP have been removed from the Companys reported balance sheet, but are included within the managed financial information, as shown in the table below.
Three Months Ended March 31, 2009 | ||||||||
Loans Outstanding |
Loans Delinquent |
|||||||
Managed loans |
$ | 150,334,994 | $ | 7,069,820 | ||||
Securitization adjustments |
(44,808,083 | ) | (2,311,450 | ) | ||||
Reported loans |
$ | 105,526,911 | $ | 4,758,370 | ||||
30
Average Loans |
Net Charge- Offs |
|||||||
Managed loans |
$ | 147,384,816 | $ | 1,990,607 | ||||
Securitization adjustments |
(43,939,686 | ) | (852,820 | ) | ||||
Reported loans |
$ | 103,445,130 | $ | 1,137,787 | ||||
Off-Balance Sheet SecuritizationsMortgage
The Company periodically sells various loan receivables through asset-backed securitizations, in which receivables are transferred to trusts and certificates are sold to investors. The outstanding trust certificate balance at March 31, 2009 was $5.2 billion. There were no loans sold into new trusts during the period and no gains recognized during the period.
The Company continues to service and receive servicing fees on the outstanding balance of securitized receivables. The Company also retains rights, which may be subordinated, to future cash flows arising from the receivables. The Company generally estimates the fair value of these retained interests based on the estimated present value of expected future cash flows from securitized and sold receivables, using managements best estimates of the key assumptions credit losses, prepayment speeds and discount rates commensurate with the risks involved.
In connection with the securitization of certain payment option arm mortgage loans, the Company is obligated to fund a portion of any negative amortization resulting from monthly payments that are not sufficient to cover the interest accrued for that payment period. For each dollar of negative amortization funded by the Company, the balance of certain mortgage-backed securities received by the Company as part of the securitization transaction increase accordingly. As the borrowers make principal payments, the securities receive their pro rata portion of those payments in cash, and the balances of those securities held by the Company are reduced accordingly. This liquidity facility is treated as an off-balance sheet commitment. As funds are drawn the Company records an asset in the form of negative amortization bonds, which are classified as securities held to maturity. The Company has also entered into certain derivative contracts related to the securitization activities. These are classified as free standing derivatives, with fair value adjustments recorded in non-interest income. See Note 11 for further details on these derivatives.
Key Assumptions and Sensitivities for Retained Interest Valuations
Servicing, securitization and mortgage banking income includes the initial gains on current securitization and sale transactions and income from interest-only strips receivable recognized in connection with current and prior period securitization and sale transactions.
For the three months ended March 31, 2009, key assumptions and the sensitivity of the current fair value of the retained interests to an immediate 10 percent and 20 percent adverse change in those assumptions are as follows:
Three Months Ended March 31, 2009 | ||||
Carrying value (fair value) |
$ | 285,529 | ||
Weighted average life (in years) |
4.5 | |||
Prepayment speed assumption |
21.8 | % | ||
Impact on fair value at 10% adverse change |
$ | (6,556 | ) | |
Impact on fair value at 20% adverse change |
$ | (13,968 | ) | |
Residual cash flow discount rate (annual) |
11.5 | % | ||
Impact on fair value at 10% adverse change |
$ | (9,162 | ) | |
Impact on fair value at 20% adverse change |
$ | (17,734 | ) |
Cash Flows related to the Off Balance Sheet Securitizations
The following table summarizes certain cash flows received from securitization trusts for the month ended March 31, 2009:
Three Months Ended March 31, 2009 | |||
Proceeds from new securitizations |
$ | | |
Servicing fees received |
$ | 1,676 | |
Other cash flows received on retained interests |
$ | 8,656 |
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Supplemental Loan Information
Principal balances of off balance sheet single family residential loans, delinquent amounts and net credit losses being serviced by the Company, at or for the month ended March 31, 2009, were as follows:
Three Months Ended March 31, 2009 | |||
Total Principal Amount of Loans |
$ | 5,258,050 | |
Principal Amount of Loans Past Due 90 Days or More or Non-Performing |
$ | 1,251,985 | |
Net Credit Losses |
$ | 10,952 | |
Secured Borrowings
In addition to issuing securitizations that qualify as sales, the Company also issues securitizations that are accounted for as secured borrowings. Similar to off-balance sheet securitizations, the Company transfers a pool of loan receivables to a special purpose entity; however, these SPEs do not qualify as QSPEs and thus, are considered VIEs that are consolidated by the Company. The transferred loan receivables continue to be accounted for as loans, and the Company continues to carry an appropriate allowance for loan and lease losses for these assets. The Company receives proceeds for the issuance of debt securities, and the Company records the securitization debt in other borrowings. The investors and the trusts have no recourse to the Companys assets if the loans associated with these secured borrowings are not paid when due. The Company has not provided any financial or other support during the periods presented that it was not previously contractually required to provide.
The agreements were entered into between 2005 and 2007, relating to the transfers of pools of auto loans totaling $25.1 billion to auto securitization trusts. Principal payments on the borrowings are based on principal collections, net of losses, on the transferred auto loans. The secured borrowings accrue interest predominantly at fixed rates and mature between April 2009 and May 2011, or earlier, depending upon the repayment of the underlying auto loans. At March 31, 2009, $6.45 billion of the secured borrowings were outstanding. At March 31, 2009 the auto loans within the trust totaled $6.82 billion. The difference represents over collateralization of loans that are expected to be returned to the Company as investors receive payment of principal and the over collateralization requirement is reduced.
The Company is required to remit principal collections to the trust when the securitization transaction is scheduled to mature or earlier if an amortizing event has occurred. Securitization transactions may amortize earlier than scheduled due to certain early amortization triggers which would accelerate the need for funding. No early amortization events related to the Companys securitizations accounted for as secured borrowings have occurred for the three months ended March 31, 2009.
Collections of interest and fees received on securitized receivables are used to pay interest to investors, servicing and other fees, and are available to absorb the investors share of credit losses. Under certain conditions, some of the cash collected may be retained to ensure future payments to investors. Amounts collected in excess of the amount that is used to pay the above amounts are generally remitted to the Company.
Also included within secured borrowings at March 31, 2009 is $90 million of tender option bonds related to assets from new market tax credits.
Guarantees and Other Obligations
Manufactured Housing
The Company retains the primary obligation for certain provisions of corporate guarantees, recourse sales and clean-up calls related to the discontinued manufactured housing operations of GreenPoint Credit LLC (GPC) which was sold to a third party in 2004. Although the Company is the primary obligor, recourse obligations related to former GPC whole loan sales, commitments to exercise mandatory clean-up calls on certain GPC securitization transactions and servicing were transferred to a third party in the sale transaction.
The Company was required to fund letters of credit in 2004 to cover losses, is obligated to fund amounts under swap agreements for certain transactions and has the right to any funds remaining in the letters of credit after the securities are released. The balance of the
32
funded letters of credit was $217 million at March 31, 2009. The fair value of the expected residual balances on the funded letters of credit was $11 million at March 31, 2009 and is included in other assets. The Companys maximum exposure under the swap agreements was $36.7 million at March 31, 2009. The fair value of the Companys obligations under these swaps was $22.2 million at March 31, 2009 and is recorded as other liabilities.
The principal balance of manufactured housing securitization transactions where the Company is the residual interest holder was $1.6 billion as of March 31, 2009. In the event the third party does not fulfill on its obligations to exercise the clean-up calls on certain transactions, approximately $420 million of loans receivable would be assumed by the Company upon execution of the call.
The Company could be required to cover losses on certain whole loan sales in the event the third party does not perform on its obligations. There have been no instances of non-performance by the third party.
Management monitors the underlying assets for trends in delinquencies and related losses and reviews the purchasers financial strength as well as servicing performance. These factors are considered in assessing the appropriateness of the liabilities established against these obligations and the valuations of the assets.
Securitization Guarantees
In connection with certain installment loan securitization transactions, the transferee (off-balance sheet special purpose entity receiving the installment loans) entered into interest rate hedge agreements (the swaps) with a counterparty to reduce interest rate risk associated with the transactions. In connection with the swaps, the Company entered into letter agreements guaranteeing the performance of the transferee under the swaps. If at anytime the Class A invested amount equals zero and the notional amount of the swap is greater than zero resulting in an Early Termination Date (as defined in the securitization transactions Master Agreement), then (a) to the extent that, in connection with the occurrence of such Early Termination Date, the transferee is obligated to make any payments to the counterparty pursuant to the Master Agreement, the Company shall reimburse the transferee for the full amount of such payment and (b) to the extent that, in connection with the occurrence of an Early Termination Date, the transferee is entitled to receive any payment from the counterparty pursuant to the Master Agreement, the transferee will pay to the Company the amount of such payment. At March 31, 2009, the maximum exposure to the Company under the letter agreements was approximately $9.9 million. These guarantees are not recorded on the balance sheet because they are grandfathered under the provisions of FIN 45.
Note 13
Commitments, Contingencies and Guarantees
Letters of Credit
The Company issues letters of credit (financial standby, performance standby and commercial) to meet the financing needs of its customers. Standby letters of credit are conditional commitments issued by the Company to guarantee the performance of a customer to a third party in a borrowing arrangement. Commercial letters of credit are short-term commitments issued primarily to facilitate trade finance activities for customers and are generally collateralized by the goods being shipped to the client. Collateral requirements are similar to those for funded transactions and are established based on managements credit assessment of the customer. Management conducts regular reviews of all outstanding letters of credit and customer acceptances, and the results of these reviews are considered in assessing the adequacy of the Companys allowance for loan and lease losses.
The Company had contractual amounts of standby letters of credit and commercial letters of credit of $1.4 billion at March 31, 2009. As of March 31, 2009, financial guarantees had expiration dates ranging from 2009 to 2018. The fair value of the guarantees outstanding at March 31, 2009 that have been issued since January 1, 2003, was $3.1 million and was included in other liabilities.
Loan and Line of Credit Commitments
The Companys discontinued wholesale mortgage banking unit, GreenPoint, previously sold home equity lines of credit in whole loan sales and subsequently acquired a residual interest in certain special purpose entities which securitized some of those loans. Those special purpose entities had aggregate assets of $143.4 million at March 31, 2009, representing the amount outstanding on the home equity lines of credit at that date. As residual interest holder, GreenPoint is required to fund advances on the home equity lines of credit when certain performance triggers are met due to deterioration in asset performance. GreenPoints ability to recover the full amount advanced to customers is dependent on monthly collections on the loans. In certain limited circumstances, such future advances could be reduced if GreenPoint suspends the right of mortgagors to receive draws or reduces the credit limit on home equity lines of credit.
There are eight securitization transactions where GreenPoint is a residual interest holder with the longest draw period currently extending through 2023. GreenPoint has funded $18.9 million of advances through March 31, 2009, of which $3.3 million was advanced in the three months ended March 31, 2009, related to these transactions. The Company believes it is probable that a loss has been incurred on these transactions due to the deterioration in asset performance through March 31, 2009, and has written off the entire amount of the advances as incurred. The maximum potential amount of future advances related to all third-party securitizations where GreenPoint is the residual interest holder is $204.5 million, an amount which represents the total loan amount on the home equity lines of credit within those eight securitizations. The total unutilized amount as of March 31, 2009 is $61.1 million.
33
performance through March 31, 2009. However, the Company cannot estimate the possible loss or range of loss at this time. The maximum potential amount of future advances related to all third-party securitizations where GreenPoint is the residual interest holder is $204.5 million, an amount which represents the total loan amount on the home equity lines of credit within those eight securitizations. The total unutilized amount as of March 31, 2009 is $61.1 million.
Litigation
In accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 5, Accounting for Contingencies, (SFAS 5), the Company accrues for a litigation related liability when it is probable that such a liability has been incurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. In addition, the Companys subsidiary banks are members of Visa U.S.A., Inc. (Visa). As members, the Companys subsidiary banks have indemnification obligations to Visa with respect to final judgments and settlements of certain litigation against Visa (the Visa Covered Litigation). The Company accounts for its indemnification obligations to Visa in accordance with the provisions of FIN 45.
Over the past several years, MasterCard International (MasterCard) and Visa, as well as several of their member banks, have been involved in several different lawsuits challenging various practices of MasterCard and Visa.
In 2005, a number of entities, each purporting to represent a class of retail merchants, filed antitrust lawsuits (the Interchange Lawsuits) against MasterCard and Visa and several member banks, including the Company and its subsidiaries, alleging among other things, that the defendants conspired to fix the level of interchange fees. The complaints seek injunctive relief and civil monetary damages, which could be trebled. Separately, a number of large merchants have asserted similar claims against Visa and MasterCard only. In October 2005, the class and merchant Interchange lawsuits were consolidated before the United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York for certain purposes, including discovery. Discovery is proceeding in these cases.
In 2007, a number of individual plaintiffs, each purporting to represent a class of cardholders, filed antitrust lawsuits in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California against several issuing banks, including the Company (the In Re Late Fees Litigation). These lawsuits allege, among other things, that the defendants conspired to fix the level of late fees and over-limit fees charged to cardholders, and that these fees are excessive. In May 2007, the cases were consolidated for all purposes and a consolidated amended complaint was filed alleging violations of federal statutes and state law. The amended complaint requests civil monetary damages, which could be trebled. In November 2007, the court dismissed the amended complaint. Plaintiffs appealed that order to the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals. The plaintiffs appeal challenges the dismissal of their National Bank Act, Depository Institutions Deregulation Act of 1980 and California Unfair Competition Law claims, but not their antitrust conspiracy claims.
On February 5, 2009, GreenPoint Mortgage Funding, Inc. (GreenPoint), a subsidiary of Capital One Financial Corporation, was named as a defendant in an action commenced in the Supreme Court of the State of New York, New York County. Plaintiffs, U.S. Bank National Association, Syncora Guarantee Inc. f/n/a XL Capital Assurance Inc. and CIFG Assurance North America, Inc. allege that GreenPoint violated certain representations and warranties in two contracts pursuant to which GreenPoint sold a group of mortgages. Plaintiffs seek unspecified damages and an order compelling GreenPoint to repurchase the mortgages. GreenPoint has filed a motion to dismiss the complaint.
The Company believes it has meritorious defenses and intends to defend these cases vigorously. Given the complexity of the issues raised by these lawsuits and the uncertainty regarding: (i) the outcome of these suits, (ii) the likelihood and amount of any possible judgments, (iii) the likelihood, amount and validity of any claim against the member banks, including the Company and its subsidiary banks, (iv) changes in industry structure that may result from the suits and (v) the effects of these suits, in turn, on competition in the industry, member banks and interchange fees, the Company cannot determine at this time the long-term effects of these suits.
In 2007, the Company recorded indemnification liabilities of $90.9 million for certain Visa-related litigation. This total included $31.8 million related to an American Express lawsuit settled in 2007, and $59.1 million, recorded in accordance with FIN 45, reflecting Capital Ones estimated share of potential damages as a Visa member from certain other Visa-related litigation.
In the first quarter of 2008, Visa completed an IPO of its stock. With IPO proceeds Visa established an escrow account for the benefit of member banks to fund certain litigation settlements and claims. As a result, in the first quarter of 2008, the Company reduced its Visa-related indemnification liabilities of $90.9 million recorded in other liabilities with a corresponding reduction of other non-interest expense. The Company made a FAS 159 election on the indemnification guarantee to Visa and the fair value of the guarantee at March 31, 2009 and 2008 was zero, respectively.
Other Pending and Threatened Litigation
In addition, the Company is commonly subject to various pending and threatened legal actions relating to the conduct of its normal business activities. In the opinion of management, the ultimate aggregate liability, if any, arising out of any such pending or threatened legal actions will not be material to its consolidated financial position or its results of operations.
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Tax issues for years 1995-1999 are pending in the U.S. Tax Court. Although the final resolution of the case is uncertain and involves unsettled areas of law, the Company has accounted for this matter applying the recognition and measurement criteria of FIN No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes, an Interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109 (FIN 48).
Note 14
Other Variable Interest Entities
The Company has various types of off-balance sheet arrangements that we enter into in the ordinary course of business. Off-balance sheet activities typically utilize SPEs that may be in the form of limited liability companies, partnerships or trusts. The SPEs raise funds by issuing debt to third party investors. The SPEs hold various types of financial assets whose cash flows are the primary source of repayment for the liabilities of the SPE. Investors only have recourse to the assets held by the SPE but may also benefit from other credit enhancements.
The Company is involved with various SPEs that are considered to be VIEs, as defined by FIN 46(R). With respect to its investments, the Company is required to consolidate any VIE in which it is determined to be the primary beneficiary. The Company reviews all significant interests in VIEs it is involved with such as amounts and types of financial and other support including ownership interests, debt financing and guarantees. The Company also considers its rights and obligations as well as the rights and obligations of other variable interest holders to determine whether it is required to consolidate the VIEs. To provide the necessary disclosures, the Company aggregates similar VIEs based on the nature and purpose of the entities.
The Companys involvement in these arrangements can take many different forms, including securitization activities, servicing activities, the purchase or sale of mortgage-backed securities (MBS) and other asset-backed securities (ABS) in connection with our investment portfolio, and loans to VIEs that hold debt, equity, real estate or other assets. In certain instances, the Company also provides guarantees to VIEs or holders of variable interests in VIEs. In addition to the information contained in this Note, the Company has disclosed its involvement with other types of VIEs in Note 9Mortgage Servicing Rights, Note 12Securitizations and Note 13Commitments, Contingencies and Guarantees.
The Company may purchase and sell mortgage-backed securities and other asset-backed securities related to its investment portfolio. The Companys investment portfolio consists of Commercial mortgage-backed security (CMBS), Collateralized mortgage obligations (CMO), MBS and ABS investments that were issued by QSPEs or VIEs that are subject to the requirements of FIN 46(R). The Companys variable interest in these structures is limited to high quality or investment grade securities and the Company does not hold subordinate residual interests or enter into other guarantees or liquidity agreements with these structures. The Company records its investment securities at fair value and has no other loss exposure over and above the recorded fair value. The Company is not considered to be the primary beneficiary and the Company does not hold a significant interest in any specific structure.
As part of its community reinvestment initiatives, the Company invests in private investment funds that hold ownership interests in VIEs or provide debt financing to VIEs to support multi-family affordable housing properties. The Company receives affordable housing tax credits for these investments. The activities of these entities are financed with a combination of invested equity capital and debt. The assets of these entities at March 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008 were approximately $5.6 billion and $5.2 billion, respectively. The Company is not required to consolidate these entities because it does not absorb the majority of the entities expected losses nor does it receive a majority of the entities expected residual returns. The Company records its interests in these unconsolidated VIEs in loans held for investment, other assets and other liabilities. As referenced in the table below, the Companys maximum exposure to these entities is limited to its variable interests in the entities. The creditors of the VIEs have no recourse to the general credit of the Company. The Company has not provided additional financial or other support during the period that it was not previously contractually required to provide.
The Company holds variable interests in entities (Investor Entities) that invest in community development entities (CDEs) that provide debt financing to businesses and non-profit entities in low-income and rural communities. Investments of the consolidated Investor Entities are also variable interests of the Company. The activities of the Investor Entities are financed with a combination of invested equity capital and debt. The activities of the CDEs are financed solely with invested equity capital. The Company receives federal and state tax credits for these investments. The Company consolidates the VIEs for which it absorbs the majority of the entities expected losses or receives a majority of the entities expected residual returns. The assets of the entities consolidated by the Company at March 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008 were approximately $189.7 million and $189.7 million, respectively. The assets and liabilities of these consolidated VIEs were recorded in cash, loans held for investment, interest receivable, other assets and other liabilities. The assets of the entities that the Company held a significant interest in but were not required to consolidate at March 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008 were approximately $46.4 million and $46.6 million, respectively. The Company records its interests in these unconsolidated VIEs in loans held for investment and other assets. As referenced in the table below, the Companys maximum exposure to these entities is limited to its variable interests in the entities. The creditors of the VIEs have no recourse to the general credit of the Company. The Company has not provided additional financial or other support during the period that it was not previously contractually required to provide.
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The Company also has a variable interest in a trust that is included in the Other unconsolidated VIEs in the table below. The trust has a royalty interest in certain oil and gas properties. The activities of the trust are financed solely with debt. The assets of the trust at March 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008 were approximately $506.2 million and $538.5 million, respectively. The Company is not required to consolidate the trust because it does not absorb the majority of the trusts expected losses nor does it receive a majority of the trusts expected residual returns. The Company records its interest in the trust in loans held for investment. As referenced in the table below, the Companys maximum exposure to the trust is limited to its variable interest. The creditors of the trust have no recourse to the general credit of the Company. The Company has not provided additional financial or other support during the period that it was not previously contractually required to provide.
The following table presents the carrying amount of assets and liabilities of those VIEs for which the Company is the primary beneficiary, the carrying amount of assets and liabilities and maximum exposure to loss of those VIEs of which the Company is not the primary beneficiary but holds a significant variable interest.
Consolidated(1) | Unconsolidated | ||||||||||||||
Carrying Amount of Assets |
Carrying Amount of Liabilities |
Carrying Amount of Assets |
Carrying Amount of Liabilities |
Maximum Exposure to Loss(2)(3) | |||||||||||
Variable interest entities, March 31, 2009 |
|||||||||||||||
Affordable housing entities |
$ | | $ | | $ | 995,310 | $ | 507,986 | $ | 995,310 | |||||
Entities that provide capital to low-income and rural communities |
189,666 | 37,701 | 46,366 | | 46,366 | ||||||||||
Other |
| | 236,185 | | 236,185 | ||||||||||
Total variable interest entities |
$ | 189,666 | $ | 37,701 | $ | 1,277,861 | $ | 507,986 | $ | 1,277,861 | |||||
Variable interest entities, December 31, 2008 |
|||||||||||||||
Affordable housing entities |
$ | | $ | | $ | 971,151 | $ | 554,605 | $ | 971,151 | |||||
Entities that provide capital to low-income and rural communities |
189,700 | 37,701 | 46,558 | | 46,558 | ||||||||||
Other |
| | 246,038 | | 246,038 | ||||||||||
Total variable interest entities |
$ | 189,700 | $ | 37,701 | $ | 1,263,747 | $ | 554,605 | $ | 1,263,747 | |||||
(1) | The Company consolidates a VIE when it is the primary beneficiary that will absorb the majority of the expected losses, majority of the expected residual returns or both. |
(2) | The maximum exposure to loss represents the amount of loss the Company would incur in the unlikely event that all of the assets in the VIEs became worthless. |
(3) | The Companys maximum exposure to loss is limited to the carrying amount of assets because the Company is not required to provide any support to these entities other than what it was previous contractually required to provide. |
Note 15
Subsequent Events
On May 5, 2009, examiners from the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, the Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond, the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency and representatives from other federal bank supervisors (together the Supervisors) delivered a report to Capital One Financial Corporation (the Company) under the U.S. Department of the Treasurys recently completed Supervisory Capital Assessment Program, also known as its Stress Test. In this report, the Supervisors provided the results of their estimates of the Companys credit losses, resources available to absorb those losses and any necessary additions to capital under the more adverse Stress Test scenario. Resources available to absorb losses included the Companys estimated pre-provision net revenues in 2009 and 2010, estimated loan loss allowance levels in 2009 and 2010, and existing capital resources. The Supervisors concluded that the Company does not need to raise any additional Tier 1 capital or Tier 1 common equity under the more adverse Stress Test scenario.
The Company continues to work towards repaying the funds it received from the U.S. Treasury under its TARP Capital Purchase Program in November 2008 as soon as it is prudent and appropriate to do so.
The Company notes that the Supervisors results are expressed in terms of the Companys consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP), or its reported financial statements. In reported financial statements, loans included in securitization transactions which qualified as sales under GAAP are removed from the Companys reported balance sheet. Servicing fees, finance charges and other fees, net of charge-offs, and interest paid to investors of securitizations are recognized as servicing and securitizations income on the reported income statement.
The Companys managed consolidated financial statements reflect adjustments related to effects of securitization transactions qualifying as sales under GAAP. The Company generates earnings from its managed loan portfolio which includes both the on-balance sheet loans and off-balance sheet loans. The Companys managed income statement takes the components of the servicing and securitizations income generated from the securitized portfolio and distributes the revenue and expense to appropriate income statement line items from which it originated. For this reason the Company believes the managed consolidated financial statements and related managed metrics can be useful to stakeholders.
Based on the assumptions submitted by the Company to the Supervisors during the Stress Test and on the results of the Supervisors Stress Test analysis of the Company, without expressing any opinion or making any representation as to the accuracy or validity of such assumptions, analysis or results, the Supervisors conclusions with respect to the Companys reported assets, as recalculated by the Company with respect to its managed assets as of December 31, 2008, would be as follows:
At December 31, 2008 | $B | % of Loans | |||||||
Tier 1 Capital |
16.8 | 12.7 | % | ||||||
Tier 1 Common Equity |
12.0 | 9.1 | % | ||||||
Risk Weighted Assets |
131.8 | ||||||||
Memo: UST Preferred Equity (1) |
3.6 | ||||||||
Estimated for 2009 and 2010 for the More Adverse Scenario |
|||||||||
More Adverse Scenario | |||||||||
Reported | Managed (estimated) - 6 |
||||||||
$B | % of Loans | $B | |||||||
Total Estimated Losses (before purchase accounting adjustments) |
13.4 | 21.3 | |||||||
First Lien Mortgages - 1 |
1.8 | 10.7 | % | 1.8 | |||||
Second/Junior Lien Mortgages |
0.7 | 19.9 | % | 0.7 | |||||
Commercial and Industrial Loans - 2 |
1.5 | 9.7 | % | 2.0 | |||||
Commercial Real Estate Loans - 3 |
1.1 | 6.0 | % | 1.1 | |||||
Credit Card Loans - 4 |
3.6 | 18.2 | % | 11.0 | |||||
Securities (AFS and HTM) |
0.4 | na | 0.4 | ||||||
Trading & Counterparty |
na | na | | ||||||
Other - 5 |
4.3 | na | 4.3 | ||||||
Memo: Purchase Accounting Adjustments |
1.5 | 1.5 | |||||||
Resources Other than Capital to Absorb Losses in the More Adverse Scenario |
9.0 | 16.9 | |||||||
Indicated Additional Capital Buffer |
|||||||||
Indicated Additional Tier 1 Common/Contingent Common Buffer |
No Need | No Need | |||||||
Less Capital Actions and Effects of Q1 2009 Results |
(0.3 | ) | (0.3 | ) | |||||
Indicated Additional Net Tier 1 Common/Contingent Common Buffer |
No Need | No Need |
1 - | Includes estimated losses on Chevy Chase loans marked to market through purchase accounting in connection with the Companys acquisition of Chevy Chase Bank, F.S.B. on February 27, 2009. |
2 - | Includes estimated losses on traditional C&I lending in the Companys Local Banking segment, and estimated losses on small business credit cards and small business installment loans in the Companys National Lending segment. |
3 - | Includes estimated losses on GreenPoint Mortgage small ticket commercial loans. |
4 - | Includes estimated losses on US consumer credit cards, UK credit cards, and Canada credit cards. |
5 - | Includes estimated losses on auto finance, installment lending and other Local Banking loans. |
6 - | Based on the Companys calculations. |
Readers seeking additional information regarding the design and implementation of the Supervisory Capital Assessment Program may refer to the Supervisors April 24, 2009, press release, which is available on the Federal Reserves website.
The information provided above contains statements based on certain financial, credit and other performance assumptions underlying the Supervisors analysis or contained in the Companys submission to the Supervisors under the Stress Test. The Company cautions readers that the Stress Test utilized a hypothetical economic scenario to estimate potential capital needs and therefore is not predictive of future events. The statements above are not intended to reflect the Companys past, current or future performance, conditions or expectations. Actual results could differ materially from those contained above.
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Item 2. Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Dollars in thousands) (yields and rates presented on an annualized basis)
I. Introduction
Capital One Financial Corporation (the Corporation) is a diversified financial services company whose banking and non-banking subsidiaries market a variety of financial products and services. The Corporations principal subsidiaries are:
| Capital One Bank (USA), National Association (COBNA) which currently offers credit and debit card products, other lending products and deposit products. |
| Capital One, National Association (CONA) which offers a broad spectrum of banking products and financial services to consumers, small businesses and commercial clients. |
| Chevy Chase Bank, F.S.B. (Chevy Chase Bank) which offers a broad spectrum of banking products and financial services to consumers, small businesses and commercial clients. |
The Corporation and its subsidiaries are hereafter collectively referred to as the Company.
The Companys earnings are primarily driven by lending to consumers and commercial customers and by deposit-taking activities which generate net interest income, and by activities that generate non-interest income, including the sale and servicing of loans and providing fee-based services to customers. Customer usage and payment patterns, credit quality, levels of marketing expense and operating efficiency all affect the Companys profitability.
The Companys primary expenses are the costs of funding assets, provision for loan and lease losses, operating expenses (including associate salaries and benefits, infrastructure maintenance and enhancements, and branch operations and expansion costs), marketing expenses, and income taxes.
On February 27, 2009, the Company acquired Chevy Chase Bank, F.S.B. (Chevy Chase Bank) for $475.9 million comprised of cash of $445.0 million and 2.6 million shares valued at $30.9 million. Chevy Chase Bank has the largest retail branch presence in the Washington D.C. region. See Note 2 for more information regarding the acquisition.
During 2008, the Company completed several reorganizations and consolidations to streamline operations and regulatory relationships. On January 1, Capital One Auto Finance Inc. (COAF) moved from a direct subsidiary of the Company to become a direct operating subsidiary of CONA. In connection with the COAF move, one of COAFs direct operating subsidiaries, Onyx Acceptance Corporation (Onyx), became a direct subsidiary of the Company. On March 1, the Company converted Capital One Bank from a Virginia-state chartered bank to a national association, Capital One Bank (USA), National Association (COBNA). On March 8, Superior Savings of New England, N.A. (Superior) merged with and into CONA. Both COBNA and CONA are primarily regulated by the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (the OCC). In May 2008, we consolidated the business and operations of two registered broker-dealers, Capital One Securities, LLC (dba Capital One Investments, LLC) and Capital One Investment Services Corporation (formerly NFB Investment Services Corporation), into Capital One Investments Services Corporation. In addition, in May 2008, we consolidated the business and operations of three insurance agencies, Capital One Agency Corp., GreenPoint Agency, Inc. and Hibernia Insurance Agency, LLC into Green Point Agency, Inc., which is now known as Capital One Agency LLC.
II. Critical Accounting Estimates
See our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008, Part I, Item 7 Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations for a summary of our critical accounting estimates.
The Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements contain a summary of the Companys significant accounting policies, including a discussion of recently issued accounting pronouncements. Several of these policies are considered to be more critical to the portrayal of the Companys financial condition, since they require management to make difficult, complex or subjective judgments, some of which may relate to matters that are inherently uncertain. See below for a summary of our critical accounting estimates as it relates to goodwill.
Loans Acquired
Loans acquired in connection with acquisitions are accounted for under Statement of Financial Accounting Standard 141(R), Business Combinations (SFAS 141(R)) and/or Statement of Position 03-3, Accounting for Certain Loans or Debt Securities Acquired in a Transfer (SOP 03-3), if the loan has experienced a deterioration of credit quality at the time of acquisition. Under both statements, acquired loans are recorded at fair value and the carry-over of the related allowance for loan and lease losses is prohibited. Fair value of the loans involves estimating the principal and interest cash flows expected to be collected on the loans and discounting those cash flows at a market rate of interest.
The excess of cash flows expected at acquisition over the estimated fair value is referred to as the accretable yield and is recognized into interest income over the remaining life of the loan. The difference between contractually required payments at acquisition and the cash flows expected to be collected at acquisition, considering the impact of prepayments, is referred to as the nonaccretable difference. The nonaccretable difference includes estimated future credit losses expected to be incurred over the life of the loan. Subsequent decreases to the expected cash flows will require the Company to evaluate the need for an additional allowance for loan and lease losses. Subsequent improvement in cash flows will result in the reversal of the nonaccretable difference which will then get reclassified as accretable yield and have a positive impact on interest income.
Loans acquired that were previously classified as nonaccrual are considered performing, regardless of whether the customer is contractually delinquent. The Company expects to fully collect the new carrying value of the loans. As such, the Company no longer considers the loans to be nonaccrual or nonperforming because we will continue to accrue interest on these loans because of the establishment of an accretable yield in accordance with SFAS 141(R) and SOP 03-03. In addition, net charge-offs on such loans are applied to the nonaccretable difference recorded at acquisition for the estimated future credit losses.
Due to the accounting requirements of loans acquired and accounted for under SFAS 141(R) and SOP 03-3, certain trends and credit statistics may be impacted if such loans are included. We believe that excluding the acquired loans from the presentation of such statistics and trends is more meaningful and representative of the ongoing operations and credit quality of the Company.
Goodwill
Goodwill impairment is tested at the reporting unit level, which is an operating segment or one level below on an annual basis in accordance with SFAS No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets. The Companys reporting units are Local Banking, U.S. Card, Auto Finance, and International. The goodwill impairment analysis is a two-step test. The first step, used to identify potential impairment, involves comparing each reporting units fair value to its carrying value including goodwill. If the fair value of a reporting unit exceeds its carrying value, applicable goodwill is considered not to be impaired. If the carrying value exceeds fair value, there is an indication of impairment and the second step is performed to measure the amount of impairment. For the three months ended March 31, 2009, no impairment of goodwill was recognized.
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During the first quarter of 2009, our stock price, along with the stock prices of others in the financial services industry, declined significantly, resulting in a decline in our market capitalization subsequent to our annual goodwill impairment testing date in 2008. While this decline did not result in further goodwill impairment in the first quarter of 2009, the Company will continue to regularly monitor its market capitalization, overall economic conditions and other events or circumstances that might result in an impairment of goodwill in the future
III. Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
See our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008, Part III, Item 7 Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations for a summary of the Companys off-balance sheet arrangements.
Of the Companys total managed loans, 30% and 34% were included in off-balance sheet securitizations for the periods ended March 31, 2009 and March 31, 2008, respectively.
Qualifying SPEs
In April 2008, the FASB voted to eliminate qualifying special purpose entities (QSPEs) from the accounting guidance. On September 15, 2008, the FASB issued exposure drafts to amend SFAS 140 and FASB Interpretation No. 46 (Revised 2003), Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities (FIN 46(R)). The two proposed Statements would significantly change accounting for transfers of financials assets, due to elimination of the concept of a QSPE, and would change the criteria for determining whether to consolidate a variable interest entity (VIE). The proposals have gone through a public comment period and final standards are expected to be issued during the second quarter of 2009. As the proposals stand, the change would have a significant impact on the Companys consolidated financial statements as a result of the loss of sales treatment for assets previously sold to a QSPE, as well as for future sales. As of March 31, 2009, the total assets of QSPEs to which the Company has transferred and received sales treatment were $44.8 billion.
IV. Reconciliation to GAAP Financial Measures
The Companys consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (GAAP) are referred to as its reported financial statements. Loans included in securitization transactions which qualify as sales under GAAP have been removed from the Companys reported balance sheet. However, servicing fees, finance charges, and other fees, net of charge-offs, and interest paid to investors of securitizations are recognized as servicing and securitizations income on the reported income statement.
The Companys managed consolidated financial statements reflect adjustments made related to effects of securitization transactions qualifying as sales under GAAP. The Company generates earnings from its managed loan portfolio which includes both the on-balance sheet loans and off-balance sheet loans. The Companys managed income statement takes the components of the servicing and securitizations income generated from the securitized portfolio and distributes the revenue and expense to appropriate income statement line items from which it originated. For this reason, the Company believes the managed consolidated financial statements and related managed metrics to be useful to stakeholders.
As of and for the three months ended March 31, 2009
(Dollars in thousands) |
Total Reported | Securitization Adjustments(1) |
Total Managed(2) | |||||||
Income Statement Measures(3) |
||||||||||
Net interest income |
$ | 1,786,751 | $ | 957,002 | $ | 2,743,753 | ||||
Non-interest income |
1,090,334 | (104,182 | ) | 986,152 | ||||||
Total revenue |
2,877,085 | 852,820 | 3,729,905 | |||||||
Provision for loan and lease losses |
1,279,137 | 852,820 | 2,131,957 | |||||||
Net charge-offs |
$ | 1,137,787 | $ | 852,820 | $ | 1,990,607 | ||||
Balance Sheet Measures |
||||||||||
Loans held for investment |
$ | 105,526,911 | $ | 44,808,083 | $ | 150,334,994 | ||||
Total assets |
177,387,459 | 42,526,347 | 219,913,806 | |||||||
Average loans held for investment |
103,445,130 | 43,939,686 | 147,384,816 | |||||||
Average earning assets |
145,392,970 | 41,442,153 | 186,835,123 | |||||||
Average total assets |
168,475,773 | 41,679,299 | 210,155,072 | |||||||
Delinquencies |
$ | 4,758,370 | $ | 2,311,450 | $ | 7,069,820 | ||||
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(1) | Income statement adjustments for the three months ended March 31, 2009 reclassify the net of finance charges of $1,072.8 million, past due fees of $201.6 million, other interest income of $(33.7) million and interest expense of $283.7 million; and net charge-offs of $852.8 million to non-interest income from net interest income and provision for loan and lease losses, respectively. |
(2) | The managed loan portfolio does not include mortgage loans or auto loans which have been sold in whole loan sale transactions where the Company has retained servicing rights. |
(3) | Based on continuing operations. |
V. Management Summary
Management Summary
The following discussion provides a summary of March 31, 2009 results compared to March 31, 2008 results on a continuing operations basis, unless otherwise noted. Each component is discussed in further detail in subsequent sections of this analysis. The results of the Companys mortgage origination operations of GreenPoint are accounted for as discontinued operations.
Three Months Ended March 31, 2009 Compared to Three Months Ended March 31, 2008
The Company had a net loss of $111.9 million, or $0.45 per common share (diluted) for the three months ended March 31, 2009, compared to net income of $548.5 million, or $1.47 per common share (diluted) for the three months ended March 31, 2008. Net loss for the period ended March 31, 2009 included an after-tax loss from discontinued operations of $25.0 million, or $0.06 per common share (diluted), compared to an after-tax loss from discontinued operations of $84.1 million, or $0.23 per common share (diluted) for the period ended March 31, 2008.
Loss from continuing operations for the period ended March 31, 2009 was $86.9 million, a decrease of $719.5 million, or 113.7% compared to earnings from continuing operations of $632.6 million at March 31, 2008. Diluted earnings per common share from continuing operations at March 31, 2009 was ($0.39), a decrease of 122.9% from $1.70 at March 31, 2008.
Q1 2009 Summary of Significant Events
U.S. Economic Recession and Credit Deterioration
The U.S. economic recession has continued to impact the Company in multiple ways. We have continued to see deterioration in credit performance across our loan portfolios. In addition, consumers have significantly reduced their spending in response to the ongoing recession, thus further impacting revenue growth. The Company has continued to fortify its financial position for success once the recession begins to abate. The following demonstrates how the U.S. economic recession and credit deterioration, and the Companys actions to respond, have impacted the Company:
| Increased managed charge-off rate and decreased managed delinquency rate by 54 basis points and 13 basis points, respectively, to 5.52% and 4.36%, respectively, from the fourth quarter of 2008, |
| Increased the allowance for loan and lease losses by $124.1 million to $4.6 billion, increasing the coverage ratio of allowance as a percentage of loans held for investment by 36 basis points to 4.84%, from the fourth quarter of 2008, |
| Increased our provision for loan and lease losses by $200.1 million to $1.3 billion, |
| Reduced the fair value of the interest-only strips by $118.7 million, |
| Revenue suppression, which is the amounts billed to customers but not recognized as revenue, increased to $540.0 million from $407.6 million in the first quarter of 2008, |
| Experienced a $5.9 billion decrease from the end of 2008, excluding the Chevy Chase Bank acquisition, in managed loans held for investment, due to weaker spending and loan demand from credit-worthy customers, tightening underwriting, an exit from lending activities not resilient to the economic downturn and an increase in charge-offs, |
| Deposits increased as customers chose to hold larger liquid balances and as a result of the acquisition of Chevy Chase Bank. Proceeds were primarily invested in high-quality agency mortgage-backed securities and other highly rated securities backed by consumer loans, increasing our securities available for sale by $5.3 billion to $36.3 billion, |
| Announced our intention to reduce our quarterly dividend from $0.375 per common share to $0.05 per common share, effective with the next quarterly dividend payment. |
Chevy Chase Bank Acquisition
On February 27, 2009, the Company acquired all of the outstanding common stock of Chevy Chase Bank in exchange for Capital One common stock and cash with a total value of $475.9 million. Under the terms of the stock purchase agreement, Chevy Chase Bank common shareholders received $445.0 million in cash and 2.56 million shares of Capital One common stock. In addition, to the extent that losses on certain of Chevy Chase Banks mortgage loans are less than the level reflected in the net credit mark estimated at the time the deal was signed, the Company will share a portion of the benefit with the former Chevy Chase Bank common shareholders (the earn-out). As of March 31, 2009 the Company has not recognized a liability associated with the earn-out due to the short time frame since the acquisition date. The maximum payment under the earn-out is $300.0 million and would occur after December 31, 2013. Subsequent to the closing of the acquisition all of the outstanding shares of preferred stock of Chevy Chase Bank and the subordinated debt of its wholly-owned REIT subsidiary, were redeemed. This acquisition improves the Companys core deposit funding base, increases readily available and committed liquidity, adds additional scale in bank operations, and brings a strong customer platform. Chevy Chase Banks results of operations are included in the Companys results after the acquisition date of February 27, 2009.
The Chevy Chase Bank acquisition is being
accounted for under the acquisition method of accounting in accordance with
SFAS 141(R). Accordingly, the purchase price was allocated to the acquired assets and liabilities based on their estimated fair values at the Chevy Chase Bank
acquisition date, as summarized in the following table. Preliminary goodwill of $1.1 billion is calculated as the purchase premium after adjusting for the fair value of net assets acquired and represents the value expected from the synergies created
through the scale, operational and product enhancement benefits that will result from combining the operations of the two companies. The allocation of the purchase price is still preliminary due to the short duration since the acquisition date and
will be finalized upon completion of the analysis of the fair values of Chevy Chase Banks assets and liabilities. The fair value of the noncontrolling interest was calculated based on the redemption price of the interests, as well as any
accrued but unpaid dividends. The shares of preferred stock of Chevy Chase Bank have been redeemed as noted above, and therefore, there is no longer a noncontrolling interest.
39
Stress Test Results
On May 5, 2009, examiners from the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, the Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond, the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency and representatives from other federal bank supervisors (together the Supervisors) delivered a report to Capital One Financial Corporation (the Company) under the U.S. Department of the Treasurys recently completed Supervisory Capital Assessment Program, also known as its Stress Test. In this report, the Supervisors provided the results of their estimates of the Companys credit losses, resources available to absorb those losses and any necessary additions to capital under the more adverse Stress Test scenario. Resources available to absorb losses included the Companys estimated pre-provision net revenues in 2009 and 2010, estimated loan loss allowance levels in 2009 and 2010, and existing capital resources. The Supervisors concluded that the Company does not need to raise any additional Tier 1 capital or Tier 1 common equity under the more adverse Stress Test scenario. See Note 15 for further information.
Business Outlook
The statements contained in this section are based on our current expectations regarding the Companys 2009 financial results and business strategies. Certain statements are forward looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Actual results could differ materially from those in our forward looking statements. Factors that could materially influence results are set forth throughout this section and in Item 1A Risk Factors.
2009 Expectations
The Company expects continued pressure on profitability as deteriorating global economic conditions continue to have an impact on credit performance. As of March 31, 2009, the Companys economic outlook assumes the unemployment rate will increase to around 9.6% by the end of 2009. The Company now expects home prices, as measured by the Case-Schiller 20-City Index, to experience a peak to trough decline of around 39%.
Credit:
| Based on economic deterioration in the first quarter and recalibrated economic assumptions, the Company believes that managed charge-off dollars in 2009 will be higher than the $8.6 billion outlook for 2009 as was projected in the fourth quarter of 2008. |
| We expect monthly U.S. Card charge-off rate to cross 10% in the coming months. In addition to the effects of the weakening economy, the Company expects that in 2009 the charge-off rate in the U.S. Card sub-segment will be adversely impacted by (i) continuing pressure from the unsecured closed-end loans included in the U.S. Card sub-segment; (ii) from the implementation of the OCC minimum payment policies; and (iii) from the denominator effect as a result of the shrinking portfolio, resulting from lower purchase volume, charge-offs as well as the amortization of outstanding installment loans. The Company expects that the conversion to the OCC minimum payment policies will increase the U.S. Card charge-off rate by approximately 20 basis points in the second quarter of 2009, by approximately 80 basis points in the third quarter of 2009 and by approximately 50 basis points in the fourth quarter of 2009. The Company expects that the impact of the new minimum payment policies on the Companys charge-off levels will begin to subside in 2010 as customers adjust to the new policies. The impact of the new policies has been factored into the Companys expectations for charge-off levels in the U.S. Card sub-segment and in the Companys outlook for total Company managed charge-off dollars. The Company expects the denominator effect impact to increase the charge-off rate in U.S. Card by about 50 basis points. Taken all together, the Company expects denominator and OCC minimum payment effects will result in about 70 basis points of higher U.S. Card charge-off in the second quarter of 2009, before any charge-off rate increases from continuing economic deterioration. |
Earning Assets: The Company expects that new loan originations, reduced by weakening demand from credit worthy borrowers, will not be sufficient to offset rising charge-offs, normal amortization and attrition, and weaker credit card spending. As a result, the Company expects a decline in managed loans. We expect that the decline in earning assets will be more modest with the addition of Chevy Chase Bank.
Deposit Growth: The Company will constantly use the most economical methods to fund our business. The Company expects that cheaper retail deposits will continue to replace expensive wholesale funding, further improving our funding costs.
Revenue Margin: The Company expects the full year 2009 U.S. Card revenue margin will be around 15%, slightly below the full year 2008 revenue margin of 15.5%
40
Cost Management: The Company expects to continue to benefit from ongoing efforts to reduce costs and improve operating efficiency, including realizing synergies from the Chevy Chase Bank acquisition. These benefits may be offset by Chevy Chase Bank acquisition and integration costs, additional Chevy Chase Bank operating expenses, FDIC insurance assessments, and increasing collections.
Capital Management: The Company believes that disciplined growth and active management of our balance sheet will enable us to maintain healthy capital ratios and position us to perform well through the cycle.
VI. Financial Summary
Table 1 provides a summary view of the consolidated income statement and selected metrics for the Company as of and for the three month periods ended March 31, 2009 and 2008.
Table 1: Financial Summary
As of and for the Three Months Ended March 31 |
||||||||||||
(Dollars in thousands) |
2009 | 2008 | Change | |||||||||
Earnings (Reported): |
||||||||||||
Net interest income |
$ | 1,786,751 | $ | 1,811,917 | $ | (25,166 | ) | |||||
Non-interest income: |
||||||||||||
Servicing and securitizations |
453,637 | 1,083,062 | (629,425 | ) | ||||||||
Service charges and other customer-related fees |
506,125 | 574,061 | (67,936 | ) | ||||||||
Mortgage servicing and other |
23,380 | 35,255 | (11,875 | ) | ||||||||
Interchange |
140,091 | 151,902 | (11,811 | ) | ||||||||
Other |
(32,899 | ) | 212,198 | (245,097 | ) | |||||||
Total non-interest income |
1,090,334 | 2,056,478 | (966,144 | ) | ||||||||
Total Revenue(1) |
2,877,085 | 3,868,395 | (991,310 | ) | ||||||||
Provision for loan and lease losses |
1,279,137 | 1,079,072 | 200,065 | |||||||||
Marketing |
162,712 | 297,793 | (135,081 | ) | ||||||||
Restructuring expenses |
17,627 | 52,759 | (35,132 | ) | ||||||||
Operating expenses |
1,564,753 | 1,471,725 | 93,028 | |||||||||
Income (loss) from continuing operations before taxes |
(147,144 | ) | 967,046 | (1,114,190 | ) | |||||||
Income tax (benefit) provision |
(60,223 | ) | 334,491 | (394,714 | ) | |||||||
Income (loss) from continuing operations, net of tax |
(86,921 | ) | 632,555 | (719,476 | ) | |||||||
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax |
(24,958 | ) | (84,051 | ) | 59,093 | |||||||
Net income (loss) |
$ | (111,879 | ) | $ | 548,504 | $ | (660,383 | ) | ||||
Common Share Statistics: |
||||||||||||
Basic EPS: |
||||||||||||
Income (loss) from continuing operations, net of tax |
$ | (0.39 | ) | $ | 1.71 | $ | (2.10 | ) | ||||
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax |
(0.06 | ) | (0.23 | ) | 0.17 | |||||||
Net income (loss) |
$ | (0.45 | ) | $ | (1.48 | ) | $ | (1.93 | ) | |||
Diluted EPS: |
||||||||||||
Income (loss) from continuing operations, net of tax |
$ | (0.39 | ) | $ | 1.70 | $ | (2.09 | ) | ||||
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax |
(0.06 | ) | (0.23 | ) | 0.17 | |||||||
Net income (loss) |
$ | (0.45 | ) | $ | 1.47 | $ | (1.92 | ) | ||||
Selected Balance Sheet Data:(2) |
||||||||||||
Reported loans held for investment (period end) |
$ | 105,526,911 | $ | 98,356,088 | $ | 7,170,823 | ||||||
Managed loans held for investment (period end) |
150,334,994 | 148,036,528 | 2,298,466 |
41
As of and for the Three Months Ended March 31 |
|||||||||
(Dollars in thousands) |
2009 | 2008 | Change | ||||||
Reported loans held for investment (average) |
103,445,130 | 99,818,867 | 3,626,263 | ||||||
Managed loans held for investment (average) |
147,384,816 | 149,719,498 | (2,334,682 | ) | |||||
Allowance for loan and lease losses |
(4,648,031 | ) | (3,273,355 | ) | (1,374,676 | ) | |||
Interest bearing deposits (period end) |
108,696,442 | 76,623,826 | 32,072,616 | ||||||
Total deposits (period end) |
121,118,898 | 87,694,942 | 33,423,956 | ||||||
Interest bearing deposits (average) |
100,852,049 | 74,166,964 | 26,685,085 | ||||||
Total deposits (average) |
112,137,604 | 84,779,609 | 27,357,995 | ||||||
Selected Company Metrics (Reported):(2) |
|||||||||
Return on average assets (ROA) |
(0.21 | )% | 1.69 | % | (1.90 | )% | |||
Return on average equity (ROE) |
(1.29 | )% | 10.30 | % | (11.59 | )% | |||
Net charge-off rate(3) |
4.54 | % | 3.07 | % | 1.47 | % | |||
Delinquency rate (30+ days)(3) |
3.99 | % | 3.26 | % | 0.73 | % | |||
Net interest margin |
4.92 | % | 5.67 | % | (0.75 | )% | |||
Revenue margin |
7.92 | % | 12.11 | % | (4.19 | )% | |||
Selected Company Metrics (Managed):(2) |
|||||||||
Return on average assets (ROA) |
(0.17 | )% | 1.27 | % | (1.44 | )% | |||
Net charge-off rate(3) |
5.52 | % | 3.96 | % | 1.56 | % | |||
Delinquency rate (30+ days)(3) |
4.36 | % | 3.56 | % | 0.80 | % | |||
Net interest margin |
5.87 | % | 6.78 | % | (0.88 | )% | |||
Revenue margin |
7.99 | % | 10.43 | % | (2.44 | )% |
(1) | In accordance with our finance charge and fee revenue recognition policy, the amounts billed to customers but not recognized as revenue were $540.0 million and $407.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively. |
(2) | Based on continuing operations. |
(3) | Excludes the impact from the Chevy Chase Bank, F.S.B. acquired loan portfolio. |
Summary of the Reported Income Statement
The following is a detailed description of the financial results reflected in Table 1. Additional information is provided in Section XII, Tabular Summary as detailed in sections below.
Net interest income
Net interest income is comprised of interest income earned on securities and interest income and past-due fees earned and deemed collectible from the Companys loans, less interest expense on interest-bearing deposits, senior and subordinated notes, and other borrowings. For the three months ended March 31, 2009, reported net interest income decreased 1.4%, or $25.2 million.
Interest income on loans held for investment decreased to $2.19 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2009 from $2.51 billion at March 31, 2008. Excluding Chevy Chase Bank average loans held for investment decreased modestly from $99.8 billion to $99.5 billion as consumers continued to reduce spending due to the current economic environment as evidenced by a reduction in purchase volumes in our National Lending businesses of $3.8 billion. The increase in delinquencies resulted in an increase in our revenue suppression to $540.0 million from $407.6 million at March 31, 2008. Despite the overall increase in delinquencies, there has been slower movement from the current bucket to past due, thus reducing past due fees by $29.2 million. We also had lower interest income due to lower interest rates on our variable rate products as interest rates have declined since the first quarter of 2008.
Interest income on our investment securities increased $137.0 million driven by increases in the average portfolio from $21.2 billion to $34.2 billion at March 31, 2009 while yields remained stable. The increase in the securities portfolio came as the Company continued to grow its deposit base and maintained our approach of holding high quality, low risk investments rather than taking excessive credit risk to generate incremental earnings. The Company continued to grow its investment portfolio in the first quarter in line with deposit growth to take advantage of favorable market conditions and as a result of the acquisition of Chevy Chase Bank.
Interest expense on interest-bearing deposits increased $21.5 million from March 31, 2008. The average balance on interest-bearing deposits increased to $100.9 billion from $74.2 billion while the yield decreased to 2.51% at March 31, 2009 from 3.29% as interest rates have declined since the first quarter of 2008.
For additional information, see section XII, Tabular Summary, Table A and Table B.
42
Non-interest income
Non-interest income is comprised of servicing and securitizations income, service charges and other customer-related fees, mortgage servicing and other income, interchange income and other non-interest income.
For the three months ended March 31, 2009, non-interest income decreased $966.1 million or 47.0% compared to the three months ended March 31, 2008. See detailed discussion of the components of non-interest income below.
Servicing and Securitizations Income
Servicing and securitizations income represents servicing fees, excess spread and other fees derived from the off-balance sheet loan portfolio, adjustments to the fair value of retained interests derived through securitization transactions, as well as gains and losses resulting from securitization and other sales transactions.
Servicing and securitizations income decreased 58.1% for the three months ended March 31, 2009. The decrease was attributable to reductions in average securitized loans year over year and to reductions in fair value of the interest-only strips of $161.5 million due to the worsening global credit environment. Average securitized loans were $43.9 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2009 compared to $49.9 billion for March 31, 2008.
Service Charges and Other Customer-Related Fees
For the three months ended March 31, 2009, service charges and other customer-related fees decreased 11.8% as a result of overlimit fee changes established at the end of 2008. We also recognized lower overlimit fees as customers charged-off at a quicker pace during the first quarter of 2009 versus the first quarter of 2008.
Mortgage Servicing and Other Income
Mortgage servicing and other income is comprised of non-interest income related to our mortgage servicing business and other mortgage related income. For the three months ended March 31, 2009, mortgage servicing and other income decreased 33.7% from the prior year quarter due to the changes in fair value of the mortgage servicing rights attributable to the run-off of the portfolio and reduced gains on sales due to lower originations in the first quarter.
Interchange Income
Interchange income, net of rewards expense, decreased 7.8% for the three months ended March 31, 2009, on a reported basis as consumers responded to the economic environment by reducing purchases, thus reducing our reported purchase volume by $882.9 million or 8.9%. Purchase volume on a managed basis decreased $3.9 billion or 14.2%. Costs associated with the Companys rewards programs for the three months ended March 31, 2009 were $40.6 million on a reported basis and $113.6 million on a managed basis, reductions of 22.3% and 31.4%, respectively. The decrease in the rewards expense was due to the reduction in purchase volume and therefore fewer rewards points being earned during the quarter.
Other Non-Interest Income
Other non-interest income includes, among other items, gains and losses on sales of securities, gains and losses associated with hedging transactions and revenue generated by our healthcare finance business.
Other non-interest income for the three months ended March 31, 2009 decreased $245.1 million or 115.5%. The first quarter of 2008 included a $109.0 million gain from the Visa IPO. The remaining driver of the decrease was due to changes in the values of our free-standing derivatives as interest rates shifted from the first quarter of 2008 to the first quarter of 2009.
Provision for loan and lease losses
Provision for loan and lease losses increased $200.1 million, or 18.5% for the three months ended March 31, 2009, compared to the same period in the prior year. The increase in the provision is a result of continued recession in the U.S. economy. Net charge-offs have increased $370.7 million, pushing our charge-off rate up to 4.54% from 3.07%. The provision for loan and lease losses increased $124.1 million due to the increase in the allowance for loan and lease losses as the unemployment rate and housing prices continued to worsen during the first quarter of 2009.
Non-interest expense
Non-interest expense consists of marketing, goodwill impairment and operating expenses.
For the three months ended March 31, 2009, non-interest expense decreased 4.2% compared to the same period in the prior year. See detailed discussion of the components of non-interest expense below.
43
Marketing
Marketing expenses decreased 45.4% for the three months ended March 31, 2009 compared to the same period in the prior year. The decrease in marketing expenses was due to selective pull-backs in certain marketing channels and other reductions in response to the changes in the economic environment.
Operating Expenses
Operating expenses increased 3.8% for the three months ended March 31, 2009 compared to the same period in the prior year. The first quarter of 2008 included a benefit of $90.9 million related to the Visa IPO. Excluding this one time item, operating expenses decreased 2.0%. The decrease in operating expenses was a direct result of benefits from the Companys continued cost reduction initiatives.
Income Taxes
The Company recorded an income tax benefit of $60.2 million in the first three months of 2009 compared with income tax expense of $334.5 million in the first three months of 2008. The related effective income tax rates were 40.9% and 34.6%, respectively. The change in tax rates were primarily due to the increased tax credits relative to the net loss before taxes in the first quarter 2009.
Loan Portfolio Summary
The Company analyzes its financial performance on a managed loan portfolio basis. The managed loan portfolio is comprised of on-balance sheet and off-balance sheet loans. The Company has retained servicing rights for its securitized loans and receives servicing fees in addition to the excess spread generated from the off-balance sheet loan portfolio.
Average managed loans held for investment from continuing operations, excluding the Chevy Chase Bank acquired loan portfolio, declined $5.5 billion, or 3.7%, for the three months ended March 31, 2009. The reduction in the first quarter of 2009 was a result of significant pull-backs in consumer spending as a result of the economic environment and increased charge-offs across all loan portfolios.
For additional information, see section XII, Tabular Summary, Table C and Table D.
Asset Quality
Delinquencies
The Company believes delinquencies to be an indicator of loan portfolio credit quality at a point in time.
The 30-plus day delinquency rate, excluding the Chevy Chase Bank acquired loan portfolio, for the reported and managed loan portfolio increased 73 and 80 basis points to 3.99% and 4.36%, respectively, from March 31, 2008 to March 31, 2009. The increase was due to the continued worsening of the economy which rapidly deteriorated during the second half of 2008 and the first quarter of 2009 impacting both the National Lending and Local Banking segments.
For additional information, see section XII, Tabular Summary, Table E.
Net Charge-Offs
Net charge-offs include the principal amount of losses (excluding accrued and unpaid finance charges and fees and fraud losses) less current period principal recoveries. We charge-off credit card loans at 180 days past the statement cycle date and generally charge-off other consumer loans at 120 days past the due date or upon repossession of collateral. Bankruptcies charge-off within 30 days of notification and deceased accounts charge-off within 60 days of notification. Commercial loans are charged-off when the amounts are deemed uncollectible. Costs to recover previously charged-off accounts are recorded as collection expenses in other non-interest expense.
For the first quarter of 2009 compared to the first quarter of 2008, reported and managed net charge-off rates, excluding impacts from the Chevy Chase Bank acquired loan portfolio, increased 147 basis points and 156 basis points to 4.54% and 5.52%, respectively. The increase in both the reported and managed charge-off rates was due to the continued economic recession which accelerated rapidly during the second half of 2008 and the first quarter of 2009. The reported net charge-off dollars totaled $1.1 billion during the first quarter of 2009, an increase of 48.2% from the first quarter of 2008. The managed charge-off dollars totaled $2.0 billion, increasing 34.4% from the first quarter of 2008.
For additional information, see section XII, Tabular Summary, Table F.
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Credit Mark on Acquired Loan Portfolio
The Company, as part of the purchase accounting adjustments, recorded a net credit mark of $2.2 billion on the acquired Chevy Chase Bank loan portfolio in accordance SFAS 141(R) and SOP 03-3. Since the acquisition date, $41.3 million of charge-offs have been applied to the credit mark.
For additional information, see section XII, Tabular Summary, Table F.
Nonperforming Loans
Nonperforming loans as a percentage of total loans held for investment were 0.99% and 0.42% at March 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively. The rate for March 31, 2009 excludes loans previously classified as nonperforming by Chevy Chase Bank as those loans have been adjusted to fair value and are now considered performing. The increase in nonperforming loans was due to the continued economic recession. The increase has been seen across our entire lending portfolio, except for our consumer auto portfolio.
For additional information, see section XII, Tabular Summary, Table G.
Allowance for loan and lease losses
The allowance for loan and lease losses related to loans held for investment increased $1.4 billion, or 42.0% to $4.6 billion at March 31, 2009 from March 31, 2008. During the first quarter of 2009 we added $124.1 million to the allowance for loan and lease losses. The increase is due to the economic recession that continued to worsen during the first three months of 2009. Certain factors impacting the calculation of the allowance for loan and lease losses, such as the unemployment rate and housing prices, continued to worsen during the first quarter, though at a slower pace than at the end of 2008.
For additional information, see section XII, Tabular Summary, Table H.
VII. Reportable Segment Summary
We manage our business as two distinct operating segments: Local Banking and National Lending. The Local Banking and National Lending segments are considered reportable segments based on quantitative thresholds applied to the managed loan portfolio for reportable segments provided by SFAS No. 131, Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information.
As management makes decisions on a managed basis within each segment, information about reportable segments is provided on a managed basis.
Chevy Chase Bank is included in the Other segment for the first quarter of 2009.
In 2007, the Company shut down mortgage origination operations of its wholesale mortgage banking unit, GreenPoint. The results of the mortgage origination operations are being reported as discontinued operations for each period presented, and are not included in segment results of the Company. The results of GreenPoints mortgage servicing business continue to be reported as part of the Companys continuing operations. The mortgage servicing function was moved into the Local Banking segment in conjunction with the shutdown of the mortgage origination operation, and the results of the Local Banking segment were restated to include the mortgage servicing results for each period of 2007. During 2007, GreenPoints held for investment commercial mortgage portfolio results were moved into the Local Banking segment. GreenPoints held for investment consumer portfolio results were moved into the Other segment in 2007.
We maintain our books and records on a legal entity basis for the preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP. The following table presents information prepared from our internal management information system, which is maintained on a line of business level through allocations from legal entities.
Local Banking Segment
Table 2: Local Banking
Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||
(Dollars in thousands) |
2009 | 2008 | ||||
Earnings (Managed Basis) |
||||||
Interest income |
$ | 1,324,980 | $ | 1,575,325 | ||
Interest expense |
725,951 | 1,008,371 | ||||
Net interest income |
599,029 | 566,954 | ||||
Non-interest income |
184,510 | 215,469 | ||||
Total revenue |
783,539 | 782,423 | ||||
Provision for loan and lease losses |
219,369 | 60,394 | ||||
Non-interest expense |
619,854 | 605,351 |
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Three Months Ended March 31, |
||||||||
(Dollars in thousands) |
2009 | 2008 | ||||||
Income before taxes |
(55,684 | ) | 116,678 | |||||
Income taxes |
(19,490 | ) | 40,837 | |||||
Net income |
$ | (36,194 | ) | $ | 75,841 | |||
Selected Metrics (Managed Basis) |
||||||||
Commercial lending |
||||||||
Commercial and multi-family real estate(4) |
13,619,009 | 12,655,900 | ||||||
Middle market(5) |
9,850,735 | 8,695,171 | ||||||
Specialty lending(6) |
3,489,813 | 3,546,200 | ||||||
Total commercial lending |
26,959,557 | 24,897,271 | ||||||
Small ticket commercial real estate(7) |
2,568,395 | 2,840,594 | ||||||
Small business lending(8) |
4,729,266 | 4,588,500 | ||||||
Consumer lending |
||||||||
Mortgages(9) |
6,831,471 | 8,214,624 | ||||||
Branch based home equity & other consumer(10) |
3,593,638 | 3,938,849 | ||||||
Total consumer lending |
10,425,109 | 12,153,473 | ||||||
Other(11) |
(223,652 | ) | (282,753 | ) | ||||
Period end loans held for investment |
$ | 44,458,675 | $ | 44,197,085 | ||||
Average loans held for investment |
$ | 44,836,954 | $ | 43,887,387 | ||||
Core deposits(1) |
$ | 67,848,575 | $ | 62,811,696 | ||||
Total deposits |
$ | 79,114,684 | $ | 73,387,227 | ||||
Loans held for investment yield |
5.43 | % | 6.75 | % | ||||
Net interest marginloans(2) |
2.28 | % | 1.92 | % | ||||
Net interest margindeposits(3) |
1.89 | % | 1.93 | % | ||||
Deposit interest expense rate |
1.82 | % | 2.63 | % | ||||
Efficiency ratio |
79.11 | % | 77.37 | % | ||||
Charge-off rates |
||||||||
Commercial lending |
||||||||
Commercial and multi-family real estate |
0.62 | % | 0.02 | % | ||||
Middle market |
0.07 | % | 0.15 | % | ||||
Specialty lending |
0.85 | % | 0.05 | % | ||||
Total commercial lending |
0.45 | % | 0.07 | % | ||||
Small ticket commercial real estate |
1.75 | % | 0.30 | % | ||||
Small business lending |
1.55 | % | 0.97 | % | ||||
Consumer lending |
||||||||
Mortgages |
0.46 | % | 0.11 | % | ||||
Branch based home equity & other consumer |
1.42 | % | 1.21 | % | ||||
Total consumer lending |
0.79 | % | 0.46 | % | ||||
Net charge-off rate |
0.76 | % | 0.31 | % | ||||
Non performing loans |
$ | 785,279 | $ | 249,055 | ||||
Foreclosed assets |
63,173 | 24,790 | ||||||
Non performing assets |
$ | 848,452 | $ | 273,845 | ||||
Non performing loans as a % of loans held for investment |
1.77 | % | 0.56 | % | ||||
Non performing asset rates(12) |
||||||||
Commercial lending |
||||||||
Commercial and multi-family real estate |
1.98 | % | 0.46 | % | ||||
Middle market |
0.57 | % | 0.42 | % | ||||
Specialty lending |
1.16 | % | 0.18 | % | ||||
Total commercial lending |
1.36 | % | 0.41 | % | ||||
Small ticket commercial real estate |
8.00 | % | 1.62 | % | ||||
Small business lending |
1.95 | % | 1.00 | % | ||||
Consumer lending |
||||||||
Mortgages |
2.36 | % | 0.81 | % | ||||
Branch based home equity & other consumer |
0.58 | % | 0.35 | % | ||||
46
Three Months Ended March 31, |
||||||
(Dollars in thousands) |
2009 | 2008 | ||||
Total consumer lending |
1.75 | % | 0.66 | % | ||
Total non performing asset rate |
1.91 | % | 0.62 | % | ||
Non-interest expense as a % of average loans held for investment |
5.53 | % | 5.52 | % | ||
Number of active ATMs(14) |
1,338 | 1,297 | ||||
Number of locations(13)(14) |
728 | 724 |
(1) | Core deposits includes domestic non-interest bearing deposits, NOW accounts, money market deposit accounts, savings accounts, certificates of deposit of less than $100,000 and other consumer time deposits. |
(2) | Net interest marginloans equals net interest incomeloans divided by average managed loans. |
(3) | Net interest margindeposits equals net interestdeposits divided by average retail deposits. |
(4) | Commercial and multi-family real estate targets private developers and commercial property investors and owners with credit requirements up to $100 million. |
(5) | Middle market focuses on businesses with annual revenues between $10 million and $250 million located within the segments local footprint. |
(6) | Specialty lending provides equipment leasing and other specialized lending in the national marketplace. |
(7) | Small ticket commercial real estate is comprised of small business products, mainly mixed-use and multi-family real-estate in the Local Banking segment. |
(8) | Small business lending is focused on businesses with $10 million or less in revenues and $3 million or less in household size. |
(9) | Mortgage lending includes held for investment first lien residential mortgage assets. |
(10) | Branch based home equity and other consumer lending primarily includes home equity loans and lines of credit in the local consumer banking segment, and some consumer unsecured loans and lines of credit. |
(11) | Other loans held for investment includes unamortized premiums and discounts recognized on loans acquired in North Fork and Hibernia acquisitions, certain items in process, and other loans originated by the Local Banking segment. |
(12) | Non performing assets is comprised of non performing loans and foreclosed assets. The non performing asset rate equals non performing assets divided by the sum of loans held for investment plus foreclosed assets. |
(13) | Excludes drive-up locations of 18 and 19 as of March 31, 2009 and March 31, 2008, respectively. |
(14) | Excludes acquired Chevy Chase Bank, FSB branches of 250 and ATM locations of 907. |
The Local Banking segment includes the Companys branch, treasury services and national deposit gathering activities; its commercial, branch based small business and certain branch originated consumer lending; and its mortgage servicing.
The Local Banking segment posted a net loss of $36.2 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2009, compared to net income of $75.8 million in the same quarter of the prior year. At March 31, 2009, loans outstanding in the Local Banking segment totaled $44.5 billion while deposit balances totaled $79.1 billion compared to loans outstanding of $44.2 billion and deposits of $73.4 billion at March 31, 2008. The increase in loans can be attributed to an 8.3% growth in commercial loans, primarily in our commercial real estate and middle market portfolios as the Gulf South region weathered the economic downturn better than other markets. The loan growth in our commercial business was partially offset by runoff in our residential mortgage portfolio. Deposits grew 7.8%, primarily driven by increases in our national direct and our consumer branch deposits. Total Banking segment loan to deposit ratio was 0.56% at March 31, 2009, down from 0.60% at March 31, 2008
Local Banking segment profits are primarily generated from net interest income, which represents the yield earned on the loans less the internal transfer price charged to the business for those loans, plus the spread between deposit interest costs and the funds transfer price credited to the business for those deposits. Net interest income increased in the quarter ended March 31, 2009, compared to the same period in the prior year. The increase in net interest income can be attributed to higher net interest margin on loans, due to decline in LIBOR rates since the end of 2008 and more favorable pricing conditions. In addition, higher deposit balances drove higher net interest income in our deposit business, which was offset by a slight decline in the net interest margin on deposits.
Non-interest income declined for the three months ended March 31, 2009 compared to the same period of the prior year by $31.0 million. Most of the decline relates to mortgage activities in the Local Banking segment. The closure of Capital One Home Loans reduced gains on the sale of mortgages from the prior year quarter and declines in the principal balance of loans serviced drove reductions in revenues from the Mortgage Servicing business.
Provision for loan and lease losses was $219.4 million in the first quarter of 2009 compared to $60.4 million in the same quarter of the prior year driven by an increase in charge-offs to $85.4 million and an increase of $107.1 million to the allowance for loan and lease
47
losses. The increase in provision expense from the prior year quarter was related to the deterioration in the economy since the beginning of 2008. Deteriorating economic conditions negatively impacted borrowers ability to repay and decreased collateral values, resulting in an increase in criticized and non-performing loans and charge-offs during the year.
Non-interest expenses were $619.9 million in the first quarter of 2009, compared to $605.4 million in the same quarter of the prior year. Non-interest expenses include the direct costs of operating the branch network and commercial, small business and consumer loan businesses, marketing expenses, certain company-wide expenses allocated to the segment and the amortization of core deposit intangibles. Direct operating expenses declined by $25.9 million while corporate allocations increased in the same period by $39.8 million. Corporate allocations increased primarily related to increases in the amount of FDIC insurance assessments paid on the Banking segments deposits. Net of closures, 4 new branches were added during the year 2008 and the cost of operating these branches, including lease costs, depreciation and personnel, is included in non-interest expense.
National Lending Segment
Table 3: National Lending
Three Months Ended March 31, |
||||||||
(Dollars in thousands) |
2009 | 2008 | ||||||
Earnings (Managed Basis) |
||||||||
Interest income |
$ | 2,837,945 | $ | 3,530,017 | ||||
Interest expense |
776,254 | 1,121,434 | ||||||
Net interest income |
2,061,691 | 2,408,583 | ||||||
Non-interest income |
1,005,446 | 1,226,114 | ||||||
Total revenue |
3,067,137 | 3,634,697 | ||||||
Provision for loan and lease losses |
1,848,955 | 1,677,220 | ||||||
Other non-interest expense |
1,100,770 | 1,279,171 | ||||||
Income before taxes |
117,412 | 678,306 | ||||||
Income taxes |
41,532 | 236,203 | ||||||
Net income |
$ | 75,880 | $ | 442,103 | ||||
Selected Metrics (Managed Basis) |
||||||||
Period end loans held for investment |
$ | 95,753,037 | $ | 103,003,402 | ||||
Average loans held for investment |
$ | 98,680,911 | $ | 104,973,633 | ||||
Core deposits(1) |
$ | 478 | $ | 2,171 | ||||
Total deposits |
$ | 1,279,562 | $ | 1,774,690 | ||||
Loans held for investment yield |
11.50 | % | 13.45 | % | ||||
Net interest margin |
8.36 | % | 9.18 | % | ||||
Revenue margin |
12.43 | % | 13.85 | % | ||||
Risk-adjusted margin |
4.88 | % | 8.51 | % | ||||
Non-interest expense as a % of average loans held for investment |
4.46 | % | 4.87 | % | ||||
Efficiency ratio |
35.89 | % | 35.19 | % | ||||
Net charge-off rate |
7.55 | % | 5.34 | % | ||||
30+ day delinquency rate |
5.70 | % | 4.73 | % | ||||
Number of accounts (000s) |
42,549 | 48,605 |
(1) | Includes domestic non-interest bearing deposits, NOW accounts, money market deposit accounts, savings accounts, certificates of deposit of less than $100,000 and other consumer time deposits. |
The National Lending segment consists of three sub-segments: U.S. Card, Auto Finance, and International.
The National Lending segment had net income of $75.8 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2009, compared to $442.1 million in the prior year quarter. The challenging credit environment caused decreases in net income for both U.S. Card and International; however, this was partially offset by a $153.8 million improvement in the Auto Finance sub-segment.
48
At March 31, 2009, loans outstanding in the National Lending segment totaled $95.8 billion. The decrease in loans outstanding of 7.0% from the prior year quarter was driven by lower consumer purchase demand, selected origination pull-backs in our Auto business, the pullback of our closed end loan businesses, and the weakening of foreign currency.
Total revenue for the first quarter of 2009 was $3.1 billion compared to $3.6 billion in the prior year quarter, a decrease of 15.6%. Credit and consumer behavior trends within our U.S. Card business drive the majority of this decrease as well as an overall reduction in loan and account volumes.
Within National Lending, we increased the coverage ratio of allowance to reported delinquencies to historically high levels as increases in bankruptcies, degradation in recoveries and worsening of late bucket flow rates have lead to an assumption that a greater proportion of delinquent balances will eventually charge off. Provision for loan and lease losses increased 10.2% from the prior year quarter to $1.8 billion. A $91 million release in the allowance for loan and lease losses in the Auto Finance sub-segment partially mitigated an increase in charge-offs from both the U.S. Card and International segments.
Non-interest expense declined 14% from the prior year quarter to $1.1 billion. Operating expense declines in Auto Finance and the U.K. business drove much of the decline, as well as the weakening Pound Sterling and Canadian dollar. Marketing pull-backs contributed the remainder of the decline in expenses.
U.S. Card Sub-Segment
Table 4: U.S. Card
Three Months Ended March 31, |
||||||||
(Dollars in thousands) |
2009 | 2008 | ||||||
Earnings (Managed Basis) |
||||||||
Interest income |
$ | 1,971,389 | $ | 2,433,665 | ||||