Form 10-Q
Table of Contents

 

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)

OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2011

Commission File Number: 1-9700

THE CHARLES SCHWAB CORPORATION

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

Delaware   94-3025021

(State or other jurisdiction

of incorporation or organization)

  (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

211 Main Street, San Francisco, CA 94105

(Address of principal executive offices and zip code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (415) 667-7000

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

 

Large accelerated filer   x      Accelerated filer   ¨
Non-accelerated filer   ¨  (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)      Smaller reporting company   ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ¨    No  x

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.

1,206,729,570 shares of $.01 par value Common Stock

Outstanding on April 22, 2011

 

 

 


Table of Contents

THE CHARLES SCHWAB CORPORATION

Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q

For the Quarter Ended March 31, 2011

Index

 

          Page  

Part I - Financial Information

  

Item 1.

   Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited):   
   Statements of Income      1   
   Balance Sheets      2   
   Statements of Cash Flows      3   
   Notes      4 – 19   

Item 2.

   Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations      20 – 37   

Item 3.

   Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk      38 – 39   

Item 4.

   Controls and Procedures      39   

Part II - Other Information

  

Item 1.

   Legal Proceedings      40   

Item 1A.

   Risk Factors      40   

Item 2.

   Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds      40   

Item 3.

   Defaults Upon Senior Securities      40   

Item 5.

   Other Information      41   

Item 6.

   Exhibits      41   

Signature

     42   


Table of Contents

Part I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

THE CHARLES SCHWAB CORPORATION

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income

(In millions, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

 

     Three Months Ended
March  31,
 
     2011     2010  

Net Revenues

    

Asset management and administration fees

   $     502      $     420   

Interest revenue

     481        391   

Interest expense

     (45     (51
                

Net interest revenue

     436        340   

Trading revenue

     241        209   

Other

     39        31   

Provision for loan losses

     (4     (14

Net impairment losses on securities (1)

     (7     (8
                

Total net revenues

     1,207        978   
                

Expenses Excluding Interest

    

Compensation and benefits

     437        402   

Professional services

     92        80   

Occupancy and equipment

     71        68   

Advertising and market development

     60        62   

Communications

     56        52   

Depreciation and amortization

     35        37   

Class action litigation reserve

            196   

Other

     62        68   
                

Total expenses excluding interest

     813        965   
                

Income before taxes on income

     394        13   

Taxes on income

     (151     (7
                

Net Income

   $ 243      $ 6   
                

Weighted-Average Common Shares Outstanding — Diluted

     1,207        1,188   
                

Earnings Per Share — Basic

   $ .20      $   

Earnings Per Share — Diluted

   $ .20      $   
                

 

(1) 

Net impairment losses on securities include total other-than-temporary impairment losses of $0 million and $28 million, net of $(7) million and $20 million recognized in other comprehensive income, for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively.

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

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Table of Contents

THE CHARLES SCHWAB CORPORATION

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

(In millions, except share and per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

 

     March 31,
2011
    December 31,
2010
 

Assets

    

Cash and cash equivalents

   $          5,548      $         4,931   

Cash and investments segregated and on deposit for regulatory purposes (including resale agreements of $13,973 at March 31, 2011 and $12,697 at December 31, 2010)

     23,071        22,749   

Receivables from brokers, dealers, and clearing organizations

     495        415   

Receivables from brokerage clients — net

     11,311        11,235   

Other securities owned — at fair value

     386        337   

Securities available for sale

     26,046        23,993   

Securities held to maturity (fair value — $16,681 at March 31, 2011 and $17,848 at December 31, 2010)

     16,646        17,762   

Loans to banking clients — net

     9,130        8,725   

Loans held for sale

     34        185   

Equipment, office facilities, and property — net

     627        624   

Goodwill

     631        631   

Other assets

     958        981   
                

Total assets

   $ 94,883      $ 92,568   
                

Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity

    

Deposits from banking clients

   $ 51,259      $ 50,590   

Payables to brokers, dealers, and clearing organizations

     1,626        1,389   

Payables to brokerage clients

     32,106        30,861   

Accrued expenses and other liabilities

     1,400        1,496   

Long-term debt

     2,005        2,006   
                

Total liabilities

     88,396        86,342   
                

Stockholders’ equity:

    

Preferred stock — 9,940,000 shares authorized; $.01 par value per share; none issued

              

Common stock — 3 billion shares authorized; $.01 par value per share; 1,428,604,522 shares issued

     14        14   

Additional paid-in capital

     3,061        3,034   

Retained earnings

     7,580        7,409   

Treasury stock, at cost — 222,879,855 shares at March 31, 2011 and 226,222,313 shares at December 31, 2010

     (4,202     (4,247

Accumulated other comprehensive income

     34        16   
                

Total stockholders’ equity

     6,487        6,226   
                

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

   $ 94,883      $ 92,568   
                

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

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THE CHARLES SCHWAB CORPORATION

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(In millions)

(Unaudited)

 

     Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
     2011     2010  

Cash Flows from Operating Activities

    

Net income

   $ 243      $ 6   

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by (used for) operating activities:

    

Provision for loan losses

     4        14   

Net impairment losses on securities

     7        8   

Stock-based compensation

     23        21   

Excess tax benefits from stock-based compensation

     (5     (2

Depreciation and amortization

     35        37   

Other

     19        (10

Originations of loans held for sale

     (630     (504

Proceeds from sales of loans held for sale

     788        545   

Net change in:

    

Cash and investments segregated and on deposit for regulatory purposes

     (322     (1,133

Receivables from brokers, dealers, and clearing organizations

     (83     (322

Receivables from brokerage clients

     (76     (390

Other securities owned

     (49     400   

Other assets

     11        (5

Payables to brokers, dealers, and clearing organizations

     237        171   

Payables to brokerage clients

     1,245        460   

Accrued expenses and other liabilities

     (144     115   
                

Net cash provided by (used for) operating activities

     1,303        (589
                

Cash Flows from Investing Activities

    

Purchases of securities available for sale

     (3,716     (4,622

Proceeds from sales of securities available for sale

     200          

Principal payments on securities available for sale

     1,489        3,431   

Purchases of securities held to maturity

            (3,178

Principal payments on securities held to maturity

     1,092        238   

Net increase in loans to banking clients

     (414     (275

Purchase of equipment, office facilities, and property

     (38     (29

Other investing activities

     1          
                

Net cash used for investing activities

     (1,386     (4,435
                

Cash Flows from Financing Activities

    

Net change in deposits from banking clients

     669        2,793   

Proceeds from short-term borrowings

     58          

Repayment of long-term debt

     (1     (201

Net proceeds from common stock offering

            543   

Excess tax benefits from stock-based compensation

     5        2   

Dividends paid

     (72     (72

Proceeds from stock options exercised and other

     38        12   

Other financing activities

     3          
                

Net cash provided by financing activities

     700        3,077   
                

Increase (Decrease) in Cash and Cash Equivalents

     617        (1,947

Cash and Cash Equivalents at Beginning of Period

     4,931        8,241   
                

Cash and Cash Equivalents at End of Period

   $     5,548      $     6,294   
                

Supplemental Cash Flow Information

    

Cash paid during the period for:

    

Interest

   $ 42      $ 42   

Income taxes

   $ 18      $ 70   

Non-cash investing activity:

    

Securities purchased during the period but settled after period end

   $      $ 254   

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

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Table of Contents

THE CHARLES SCHWAB CORPORATION

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Tabular Amounts in Millions, Except Per Share Data, Ratios, or as Noted)

(Unaudited)

 

1.   Introduction and Basis of Presentation

The Charles Schwab Corporation (CSC) is a savings and loan holding company engaged, through its subsidiaries, in securities brokerage, banking, and related financial services. Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. (Schwab) is a securities broker-dealer with 302 domestic branch offices in 45 states, as well as a branch in each of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico and London, U.K. In addition, Schwab serves clients in Hong Kong through one of CSC’s subsidiaries. Other subsidiaries include Charles Schwab Bank (Schwab Bank), a federal savings bank, and Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc. (CSIM), the investment advisor for Schwab’s proprietary mutual funds, which are referred to as the Schwab Funds®, and Schwab’s exchange-traded funds, which are referred to as the Schwab ETFs.

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include CSC and its majority-owned subsidiaries (collectively referred to as the Company). All material intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated. These condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, which require management to make certain estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts in the accompanying financial statements. Certain estimates relate to other-than-temporary impairment of securities available for sale and securities held to maturity, the valuation of goodwill, the allowance for loan losses, legal reserves, and incentive compensation. Actual results may differ from those estimates. These condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments that are, in the opinion of management, necessary for a fair presentation of the results for the periods presented. These adjustments are of a normal recurring nature. Certain prior-year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the 2011 presentation. The Company’s results for any interim period are not necessarily indicative of results for a full year or any other interim period. These condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010.

 

2.   New Accounting Standards

Adoption of New Accounting Standards

Goodwill Impairment Test: In December 2010, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued new guidance on when to perform the second step in the two-step goodwill impairment test, which is effective for all goodwill impairment tests performed after January 1, 2011. Specifically, if the carrying value of a reporting unit, as computed in step one of the goodwill impairment test, is zero or negative, step two must be performed when it is “more likely than not” that goodwill is impaired; under these circumstances, entities can no longer assume that no impairment exists because fair value, as computed in step two, would generally be greater than zero. The adoption of this new guidance is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations, earnings per share (EPS), or cash flows.

A Creditor’s Determination of Whether a Restructuring Is a Troubled Debt Restructuring: In April 2011, the FASB issued new guidance clarifying when a debt restructuring by a creditor constitutes a troubled debt restructuring, which is effective July 1, 2011 for all restructurings that occurred on or after January 1, 2011. Specifically, the guidance clarifies that a troubled debt restructuring only exists when a creditor makes a concession in interest rates or payment terms to a debtor experiencing financial difficulties. It provides additional guidance on determining what constitutes a concession, and on the use of probability in determining if a debtor could be experiencing financial difficulty prior to defaulting on payments. The adoption of this new guidance is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations, EPS, or cash flows.

 

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THE CHARLES SCHWAB CORPORATION

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Tabular Amounts in Millions, Except Per Share Data, Ratios, or as Noted)

(Unaudited)

 

3.   Securities Available for Sale and Securities Held to Maturity

The amortized cost, gross unrealized gains and losses, and fair value of securities available for sale and securities held to maturity are as follows:

 

March 31, 2011

   Amortized
Cost
     Gross
Unrealized
Gains
     Gross
Unrealized
Losses
     Fair
Value
 

Securities available for sale:

           

U.S. agency residential mortgage-backed securities

   $     14,112       $         189       $ 5       $     14,296   

Non-agency residential mortgage-backed securities

     1,503         3         172         1,334   

U.S. agency notes

     2,757         19                 2,776   

Corporate debt securities

     2,709         11                 2,720   

Asset-backed securities

     2,562         8         2         2,568   

Certificates of deposit

     2,348         4                 2,352   
                                   

Total securities available for sale

   $ 25,991       $ 234       $ 179       $ 26,046   
                                   

Securities held to maturity:

           

U.S. agency residential mortgage-backed securities

   $ 15,810       $ 186       $ 160       $ 15,836   

Asset-backed securities

     570         5                 575   

Corporate debt securities

     266         4                 270   
                                   

Total securities held to maturity

   $ 16,646       $ 195       $ 160       $ 16,681   
                                   

December 31, 2010

   Amortized
Cost
     Gross
Unrealized
Gains
     Gross
Unrealized
Losses
     Fair
Value
 

Securities available for sale:

           

U.S. agency residential mortgage-backed securities

   $ 12,879       $ 222       $ 3       $ 13,098   

Non-agency residential mortgage-backed securities

     1,701         3         234         1,470   

U.S. agency notes

     2,757         23                 2,780   

Corporate debt securities

     2,261         8         1         2,268   

Asset-backed securities

     2,495         9         2         2,502   

Certificates of deposit

     1,874         1                 1,875   
                                   

Total securities available for sale

   $ 23,967       $ 266       $         240       $ 23,993   
                                   

Securities held to maturity:

           

U.S. agency residential mortgage-backed securities

   $ 16,722       $ 209       $ 137       $ 16,794   

Asset-backed securities

     702         9                 711   

Corporate debt securities

     338         5                 343   
                                   

Total securities held to maturity

   $ 17,762       $ 223       $ 137       $ 17,848   
                                   

 

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THE CHARLES SCHWAB CORPORATION

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Tabular Amounts in Millions, Except Per Share Data, Ratios, or as Noted)

(Unaudited)

 

A summary of securities with unrealized losses, aggregated by category and period of continuous unrealized loss, is as follows:

 

     Less than
12 months
     12 months
or longer
     Total  

March 31, 2011

   Fair
Value
     Unrealized
Losses
     Fair
Value
     Unrealized
Losses
     Fair
Value
     Unrealized
Losses
 

Securities available for sale:

                 

U.S. agency residential mortgage-backed securities

   $ 2,210       $ 5       $       $       $ 2,210       $ 5   

Non-agency residential mortgage-backed securities

     83         2         1,009         170         1,092         172   

Asset-backed securities

     803         2                         803         2   
                                                     

Total

   $ 3,096       $ 9       $ 1,009       $ 170       $ 4,105       $ 179   
                                                     

Securities held to maturity:

                 

U.S. agency residential mortgage-backed securities

   $ 7,230       $ 160       $       $       $ 7,230       $ 160   
                                                     

Total

   $ 7,230       $ 160       $       $       $ 7,230       $ 160   
                                                     

Total securities with unrealized losses (1)

   $   10,326       $         169       $     1,009       $         170       $   11,335       $         339   
                                                     

 

(1) 

The number of investment positions with unrealized losses totaled 185 for securities available for sale and 40 for securities held to maturity.

 

     Less than
12 months
     12 months
or longer
     Total  

December 31, 2010

   Fair
Value
     Unrealized
Losses
     Fair
Value
     Unrealized
Losses
     Fair
Value
     Unrealized
Losses
 

Securities available for sale:

                 

U.S. agency residential mortgage-backed securities

   $ 707       $ 3       $       $       $ 707       $ 3   

Non-agency residential mortgage-backed securities

                     1,207         234         1,207         234   

Corporate debt securities

     549         1                         549         1   

Asset-backed securities

     873         2                         873         2   
                                                     

Total

   $ 2,129       $ 6       $ 1,207       $ 234       $ 3,336       $ 240   
                                                     

Securities held to maturity:

                 

U.S. agency residential mortgage-backed securities

   $ 6,880       $ 137       $       $       $ 6,880       $ 137   
                                                     

Total

   $ 6,880       $ 137       $       $       $ 6,880       $ 137   
                                                     

Total securities with unrealized losses (1)

   $     9,009       $         143       $     1,207       $         234       $   10,216       $         377   
                                                     

 

(1) 

The number of investment positions with unrealized losses totaled 178 for securities available for sale and 37 for securities held to maturity.

Unrealized losses in securities available for sale of $179 million as of March 31, 2011, were concentrated in non-agency residential mortgage-backed securities. Included in non-agency residential mortgage-backed securities are securities collateralized by loans that are considered to be “Prime” (defined as loans to borrowers with a Fair Isaac & Company credit score of 620 or higher at origination), and “Alt-A” (defined as Prime loans with reduced documentation at origination). At March 31, 2011, the amortized cost and fair value of Alt-A residential mortgage-backed securities were $459 million and $363 million, respectively.

Certain Alt-A and Prime residential mortgage-backed securities experienced continued credit deterioration in the first quarter of 2011, including increased payment delinquency rates and increased losses on foreclosures of underlying mortgages. Additionally, the securities have experienced a decrease in prepayment rates. Based on the Company’s cash flow projections, management determined that it does not expect to recover all of the amortized cost of these securities and therefore determined that these securities were other-than-temporarily impaired (OTTI). The Company does not intend to sell these securities and it will not be required to sell these securities before anticipated recovery of the unrealized losses on these securities. The Company employs a buy and hold strategy relative to its mortgage-related securities. Further, the Company has an adequate liquidity position at March 31, 2011, with cash and cash equivalents totaling $5.5 billion, a loan-to-deposit

 

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THE CHARLES SCHWAB CORPORATION

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Tabular Amounts in Millions, Except Per Share Data, Ratios, or as Noted)

(Unaudited)

 

ratio of 18%, adequate access to short-term borrowing facilities and regulatory capital ratios in excess of “well capitalized” levels. Because the Company does not intend to sell these securities and it is not “more likely than not” that the Company will be required to sell these securities, the Company recognized an impairment charge equal to the securities’ expected credit losses of $7 million during the first quarter of 2011. The expected credit losses were measured as the difference between the present value of expected cash flows and the amortized cost of the securities. Further deterioration in the performance of the underlying loans in the Company’s residential mortgage-backed securities portfolio could result in the recognition of additional impairment charges.

Actual credit losses on the Company’s residential mortgage-backed securities were not material during the first quarters of 2011 and 2010.

The following table is a rollforward of the amount of credit losses recognized in earnings for OTTI securities held by the Company during the period for which a portion of the impairment was recognized in other comprehensive income:

 

     Three Months Ended
March  31,
 
     2011      2010  

Balance at beginning of period

   $ 96       $     60   

Credit losses recognized into current period earnings on debt securities for which an other-than-temporary impairment was not previously recognized

             3   

Credit losses recognized into current period earnings on debt securities for which an other-than-temporary impairment was previously recognized

     7         5   
                 

Balance at end of period

   $   103       $     68   
                 

The maturities of securities available for sale and securities held to maturity at March 31, 2011, are as follows:

 

    Within
1 year
    After 1 year
through

5  years
    After 5  years
through

10 years
    After
10 years
    Total  

Securities available for sale:

         

U.S. agency residential mortgage-backed securities (1)

  $      $      $ 1,140      $ 13,156      $ 14,296   

Non-agency residential mortgage-backed securities (1)

                  18        1,316        1,334   

U.S. agency notes

           2,776                      2,776   

Corporate debt securities

    611        2,109                      2,720   

Asset-backed securities

           834        484        1,250        2,568   

Certificates of deposit

    1,251        1,101                      2,352   
                                       

Total fair value

  $        1,862      $       6,820      $ 1,642      $       15,722      $       26,046   

Total amortized cost

  $ 1,860      $ 6,783      $ 1,639      $ 15,709      $ 25,991   
                                       

Securities held to maturity:

         

U.S. agency residential mortgage-backed securities (1)

  $      $      $ 960      $ 14,876      $ 15,836   

Asset-backed securities

           515        60               575   

Corporate debt securities

    152        118                      270   
                                       

Total fair value

  $ 152      $ 633      $ 1,020      $ 14,876      $ 16,681   

Total amortized cost

  $ 150      $ 626      $ 1,083      $ 14,787      $ 16,646   
                                       

 

(1) 

Residential mortgage-backed securities have been allocated over maturity groupings based on final contractual maturities. Actual maturities will differ from final contractual maturities because borrowers on a certain portion of loans underlying these securities have the right to prepay their obligations.

 

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THE CHARLES SCHWAB CORPORATION

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Tabular Amounts in Millions, Except Per Share Data, Ratios, or as Noted)

(Unaudited)

 

Proceeds and gross realized gains (losses) from sales of securities available for sale are as follows:

 

     Three Months Ended
March  31,
 
     2011     2010  

Proceeds

   $     200      $      —   

Gross realized gains

   $      $   

Gross realized losses

   $      $   

 

4.   Loans to Banking Clients and Related Allowance for Loan Losses

The composition of loans to banking clients by loan segment is as follows:

 

        March 31,    
2011
    December 31,
2010
 

Residential real estate mortgages

  $   5,065      $   4,695   

Home equity lines of credit

    3,494        3,500   

Personal loans secured by securities

    604        562   

Other

    20        21   
               

Total loans to banking clients (1)

    9,183        8,778   

Allowance for loan losses

    (53     (53
               

Total loans to banking clients – net

  $ 9,130      $ 8,725   
               

 

(1) 

All loans are collectively evaluated for impairment by loan segment.

Changes in the allowance for loan losses were as follows:

 

    March 31, 2011        

Three Months Ended

  Residential
real estate
mortgages
    Home equity
lines of credit
    Personal
loans secured
by securities
          Other                  Total               March 31,   
2010
 

Balance at beginning of period

  $             38      $   15      $   —      $   —      $   53      $   45   

Charge-offs

    (3     (1                   (4     (6

Recoveries

                                         

Provision for loan losses

    2        2                      4        14   
                                               

Balance at end of period

  $ 37      $ 16      $   —      $   —      $ 53      $ 53   
                                               

Included in the loan portfolio are nonaccrual loans totaling $51 million at March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010. There were no loans accruing interest that were contractually 90 days or more past due at March 31, 2011 or December 31, 2010. The amount of interest revenue that would have been earned on nonaccrual loans, versus actual interest revenue recognized on these loans, was not material to the Company’s results of operations in the first three months of 2011 or 2010. Nonperforming assets, which include nonaccrual loans and other real estate owned, totaled $58 million and $54 million at March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, respectively. The Company considers loan modifications in which it makes an economic concession to a borrower experiencing financial difficulty to be a troubled debt restructuring. Troubled debt restructurings were not material at March 31, 2011 or December 31, 2010.

 

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THE CHARLES SCHWAB CORPORATION

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Tabular Amounts in Millions, Except Per Share Data, Ratios, or as Noted)

(Unaudited)

 

The delinquency aging analysis by loan class is as follows:

 

March 31, 2011

   Current      30-59 days
past due
     60-89 days
past due
     Greater than
90 days
     Total
past due
     Total
loans
 

Residential real estate mortgages:

                 

Originated first mortgages

   $        4,905       $            16       $               5       $           35       $            56       $        4,961   

Purchased first mortgages

     96         2         1         5         8         104   

Home equity lines of credit

     3,483         4         1         6         11         3,494   

Personal loans secured by securities

     599                         5         5         604   

Other

     20                                         20   
                                                     

Total loans to banking clients

   $ 9,103       $ 22       $ 7       $ 51       $ 80       $ 9,183   
                                                     

December 31, 2010

                                         

Residential real estate mortgages:

                 

Originated first mortgages

   $ 4,527       $ 18       $ 5       $ 38       $ 61       $ 4,588   

Purchased first mortgages

     100         2         1         4         7         107   

Home equity lines of credit

     3,489         5         2         4         11         3,500   

Personal loans secured by securities

     557                         5         5         562   

Other

     21                                         21   
                                                     

Total loans to banking clients

   $ 8,694       $ 25       $ 8       $ 51       $ 84       $ 8,778   
                                                     

 

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THE CHARLES SCHWAB CORPORATION

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Tabular Amounts in Millions, Except Per Share Data, Ratios, or as Noted)

(Unaudited)

 

In addition to monitoring the delinquency characteristics as presented in the aging analysis above, the Company monitors the credit quality of residential real estate mortgages and home equity lines of credit (HELOCs) by reviewing the year of origination, borrower Fair Issac & Company (FICO) scores at origination, updated FICO scores, and loan-to-value ratios at origination (Origination LTV), as presented in the following tables. Borrowers’ FICO scores are provided by an independent third party credit reporting service and were last updated in March 2011. The Company monitors the credit quality of personal loans secured by securities by reviewing the fair value of collateral to ensure adequate collateralization of at least 100% of the principal amount of the loans. All of these loans were fully collateralized by securities with fair values in excess of borrowing amounts at March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010.

 

    Residential rea1 estate mortgages        

March 31, 2011

  Originated first
mortgages
    Purchased first
mortgages
    Total     Home equity
lines of credit
 

Year of origination

       

Pre-2007

  $ 336      $ 56      $ 392      $ 1,106   

2007

    355        9        364        241   

2008

    656        8        664        1,320   

2009

    754        12        766        451   

2010

    2,162        19        2,181        317   

2011

    698               698        59   
                               

Total

  $   4,961      $        104      $           5,065      $           3,494   
                               

Origination FICO

       

< 620

  $ 10      $ 2      $ 12      $   

620 - 679

    119        14        133        24   

680 - 739

    967        32        999        672   

³ 740

    3,865        56        3,921        2,798   
                               

Total

  $ 4,961      $ 104      $ 5,065      $ 3,494   
                               

Updated FICO

       

< 620

  $ 64      $ 7      $ 71      $ 47   

620 - 679

    145        8        153        94   

680 - 739

    751        27        778        477   

³ 740

    4,001        62        4,063        2,876   
                               

Total

  $ 4,961      $ 104      $ 5,065      $ 3,494   
                               

Origination LTV (1)

       

£ 70%

  $ 3,200      $ 53      $ 3,253      $ 2,370   

71% - 89%

    1,731        49        1,780        1,081   

³ 90%

    30        2        32        43   
                               

Total

  $ 4,961      $ 104      $ 5,065      $ 3,494   
                               

 

(1)

The computation of the origination LTV ratio for a HELOC includes any first lien mortgage outstanding on the same property at the time of origination. At March 31, 2011, $742 million of HELOCs were in a first lien position.

 

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THE CHARLES SCHWAB CORPORATION

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Tabular Amounts in Millions, Except Per Share Data, Ratios, or as Noted)

(Unaudited)

 

     Residential real estate mortgages         

December 31, 2010

   Originated first
mortgages
     Purchased first
mortgages
     Total      Home equity
lines of credit
 

Year of origination

           

Pre-2007

   $ 352       $ 58       $ 410       $ 1,132   

2007

     384         9         393         245   

2008

     728         8         736         1,345   

2009

     884         12         896         466   

2010

     2,240         20         2,260         312   
                                   

Total

   $ 4,588       $ 107       $         4,695       $ 3,500   
                                   

Origination FICO

           

< 620

   $ 9       $ 2       $ 11       $   

620 - 679

     115         15         130         26   

680 - 739

     907         33         940         677   

³ 740

     3,557         57         3,614         2,797   
                                   

Total

   $ 4,588       $ 107       $ 4,695       $ 3,500   
                                   

Updated FICO

           

< 620

   $ 63       $ 9       $ 72       $ 49   

620 - 679

     147         8         155         99   

680 - 739

     730         29         759         499   

³ 740

     3,648         61         3,709         2,853   
                                   

Total

   $ 4,588       $ 107       $ 4,695       $ 3,500   
                                   

Origination LTV (1)

           

£ 70%

   $ 2,911       $ 55       $ 2,966       $ 2,375   

71% - 89%

     1,659         51         1,710         1,092   

³ 90%

     18         1         19         33   
                                   

Total

   $ 4,588       $ 107       $ 4,695       $ 3,500   
                                   

 

(1) 

The computation of the origination LTV ratio for a HELOC includes any first lien mortgage outstanding on the same property at the time of origination. At December 31, 2010, $742 million of HELOCs were in a first lien position.

 

5.   Commitments and Contingent Liabilities

The Company has clients that sell (i.e., write) listed option contracts that are cleared by various clearing houses. The clearing houses establish margin requirements on these transactions. The Company partially satisfies the margin requirements by arranging unsecured standby letter of credit agreements (LOCs), in favor of the clearing houses, which are issued by multiple banks. At March 31, 2011, the aggregate face amount of these LOCs totaled $445 million. In connection with its securities lending activities, Schwab is required to provide collateral to certain brokerage clients. Schwab satisfies the collateral requirements by arranging LOCs, in favor of these brokerage clients, which are issued by multiple banks. At March 31, 2011, the aggregate face amount of these LOCs totaled $54 million. There were no funds drawn under any of these LOCs at March 31, 2011.

The Company also provides guarantees to securities clearing houses and exchanges under their standard membership agreement, which requires members to guarantee the performance of other members. Under the agreement, if another member becomes unable to satisfy its obligations to the clearing houses and exchanges, other members would be required to meet shortfalls. The Company’s liability under these arrangements is not quantifiable and may exceed the cash and securities it has posted as collateral. However, the potential requirement for the Company to make payments under these arrangements is remote. Accordingly, no liability has been recognized for these guarantees.

On March 21, 2011, the Company announced a definitive agreement to acquire optionsXpress Holdings, Inc. (optionsXpress), an online brokerage firm primarily focused on equity option securities and futures. Under the terms of the agreement, optionsXpress stockholders will receive 1.02 shares of the Company’s common stock for each share of optionsXpress stock. Based on the Company’s closing stock price on March 31, 2011, the transaction is valued at

 

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THE CHARLES SCHWAB CORPORATION

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Tabular Amounts in Millions, Except Per Share Data, Ratios, or as Noted)

(Unaudited)

 

approximately $1.0 billion. The transaction is expected to close in the third quarter of 2011, subject to optionsXpress stockholder approval, regulatory approvals, and customary closing conditions.

Legal contingencies: The Company is subject to claims and lawsuits in the ordinary course of business, including arbitrations, class actions and other litigation, some of which include claims for substantial or unspecified damages. The Company is also the subject of inquiries, investigations, and proceedings by regulatory and other governmental agencies. In addition, the Company is responding to certain litigation claims brought against former subsidiaries pursuant to indemnities it has provided to purchasers of those entities. Certain of these matters are described below.

The Company believes it has strong defenses in all significant matters currently pending and is contesting liability and the damages claimed. Nevertheless, some of these matters may result in adverse judgments or awards, including penalties, injunctions, or other relief, and the Company may also determine to settle a matter because of the uncertainty and risks of litigation. Based on current information and consultation with counsel, management believes that the resolution of matters currently pending will not have a material impact on the financial condition or cash flows of the Company, but could be material to the Company’s operating results for a particular future period, depending on results for that period. However, predicting the outcome of a matter is inherently difficult, particularly where claims are brought on behalf of various classes of claimants, claimants seek substantial or unspecified damages, or when investigations or legal proceedings are at an early stage, and in many cases, including the Auction Rate Securities Regulatory Inquiries, Total Bond Market Fund Litigation and optionsXpress Merger Litigation matters described below, it is not possible to determine whether a loss will be incurred or to estimate the range of that loss until the matter is closer to resolution.

Auction Rate Securities Regulatory Inquiries: Schwab has been responding to industry wide inquiries from federal and state regulators regarding sales of auction rate securities to clients who were unable to sell their holdings when the normal auction process for those securities froze unexpectedly in February 2008. On August 17, 2009, a civil complaint was filed against Schwab in New York state court by the Attorney General of the State of New York alleging material misrepresentations and omissions by Schwab regarding the risks of auction rate securities, and seeking restitution, disgorgement, penalties and other relief, including repurchase of securities held in client accounts. As reflected in a statement issued August 17, 2009, Schwab has responded that the allegations are without merit and that Schwab intends to contest any charges. On March 15, 2010, Schwab filed a motion to dismiss the case and various claims in the civil complaint, which remains pending.

YieldPlus Fund Litigation: As disclosed previously, the Company recorded total charges in 2010 of $199 million, net of insurance proceeds of $39 million under applicable policies, for settlements to resolve consolidated class action litigation in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California relating to the Schwab YieldPlus Fund®. On April 19, 2011, the court granted final approval of the settlement agreements and entered final judgment in the litigation.

Total Bond Market Fund Litigation: On August 28, 2008, a class action lawsuit was filed in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California on behalf of investors in the Schwab Total Bond Market Fund™ (Northstar lawsuit). The lawsuit, which alleges violations of state law and federal securities law in connection with the fund’s investment policy, names Schwab Investments (registrant and issuer of the fund’s shares) and CSIM as defendants. Allegations include that the fund improperly deviated from its stated investment objectives by investing in collateralized mortgage obligations (CMOs) and investing more than 25% of fund assets in CMOs and mortgage-backed securities without obtaining a shareholder vote. Plaintiffs seek unspecified compensatory and rescission damages, unspecified equitable and injunctive relief, and costs and attorneys’ fees. On February 19, 2009, the court denied defendants’ motion to dismiss plaintiffs’ federal securities law claim, and dismissed certain state law claims with leave to amend. On April 27, 2009, the court issued a stay of proceedings while defendants appealed the court’s February 19, 2009 decision refusing to dismiss plaintiffs’ federal securities law claim. On August 12, 2010, the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals ruled in favor of the defendants and dismissed plaintiffs’ federal securities law claim. On September 28, 2010, plaintiffs filed a second amended class action complaint which named Schwab Investments and current and former trustees and officers of the trust as the defendants and dropped the federal securities law claim and certain of the state law claims. On September 3, 2010, a second class action lawsuit by a different law firm was filed in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California on behalf of investors in the fund (Smit lawsuit). The Smit lawsuit, which names Schwab Investments, CSIM and Schwab as defendants, alleges violations of state law in connection with the fund’s deviation from the performance of its benchmark index and concentration in mortgage-backed securities, and seeks restitution and disgorgement of management or other fees. The Northstar and Smit lawsuits were related and assigned to the same judge on October 6, 2010, and on October 11, 2010, defendants filed a motion to consolidate the two cases. On November 10, 2010, defendants filed motions to dismiss in both cases.

 

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Table of Contents

THE CHARLES SCHWAB CORPORATION

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Tabular Amounts in Millions, Except Per Share Data, Ratios, or as Noted)

(Unaudited)

 

In the Smit case, plaintiffs responded to defendants’ motion to dismiss by filing an amended complaint on December 3, 2010. Defendants moved to dismiss the amended complaint on January 5, 2011, which was granted with leave to amend on March 8, 2011. Plaintiffs in Smit did not file a further amended complaint by the court-ordered deadline of March 29, 2011, and on April 19, 2011, the Court dismissed the case with prejudice.

On March 2, 2011, defendants’ motion to dismiss in the Northstar case was granted with leave to amend certain claims. On March 29, 2011, the Northstar plaintiffs filed a third amended complaint; defendants’ motion to dismiss the third amended complaint was filed April 25, 2011 and remains pending.

optionsXpress Merger Litigation: Between March 21, 2011 and April 6, 2011, ten purported class action lawsuits were filed by optionsXpress stockholders challenging Schwab’s proposed acquisition of optionsXpress. Named defendants include the Company, optionsXpress and members of its board of directors. Seven lawsuits were filed in the Circuit Court of Cook County, Illinois (three of which have now been consolidated in a single action) and three lawsuits were filed in the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware and consolidated. The complaints generally allege that optionsXpress directors breached fiduciary duties owed to optionsXpress’ stockholders by allegedly approving the merger agreement at an unfair price and terms and through an unfair process, and that the Company aided and abetted the alleged fiduciary breaches. The lawsuits seek, among other relief, an injunction against the merger, rescission in the event the merger is completed, an accounting for alleged damages, and an award of costs and attorneys’ fees. On April 27, 2011, defendants filed a dual motion in Illinois and Delaware court moving to proceed in one jurisdiction and dismiss or stay litigation in the other jurisdiction. On April 28, 2011, the Delaware court granted defendants’ motion and stayed the consolidated Delaware proceeding in favor of the proceedings in Illinois.

 

6.   Fair Values of Assets and Liabilities

Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or the price paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Fair value measurement accounting guidance describes the fair value hierarchy for disclosing assets and liabilities measured at fair value based on the inputs used to value them. The fair value hierarchy maximizes the use of observable inputs and minimizes the use of unobservable inputs. Observable inputs are based on market pricing data obtained from sources independent of the Company. A quoted price in an active market provides the most reliable evidence of fair value and is generally used to measure fair value whenever available. Unobservable inputs reflect management’s judgment about the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. Where inputs used to measure fair value of an asset or liability are from different levels of the hierarchy, the asset or liability is categorized based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety. Assessing the significance of a particular input requires judgment. The fair value hierarchy includes three levels based on the objectivity of the inputs as follows:

 

   

Level 1 inputs are quoted prices in active markets as of the measurement date for identical assets or liabilities that the Company has the ability to access. This category includes active exchange-traded money market funds, mutual funds, and equity securities. The Company did not transfer any assets or liabilities between Level 1 and Level 2 during the quarter ended March 31, 2011.

 

   

Level 2 inputs are inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. Level 2 inputs include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, and inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability, such as interest rates, benchmark yields, issuer spreads, new issue data, and collateral performance. This category includes residential mortgage-backed securities, asset-backed securities, corporate debt securities, certificates of deposit, U.S. agency and municipal debt securities, and U.S. Treasury securities.

 

   

Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs for the asset or liability, and include situations where there is little, if any, market activity for the asset or liability. The Company did not have any financial assets or liabilities utilizing Level 3 inputs as of March 31, 2011, or December 31, 2010.

 

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Table of Contents

THE CHARLES SCHWAB CORPORATION

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Tabular Amounts in Millions, Except Per Share Data, Ratios, or as Noted)

(Unaudited)

 

Assets and Liabilities Recorded at Fair Value

The Company’s assets recorded at fair value include certain cash equivalents, investments segregated and on deposit for regulatory purposes, other securities owned, and securities available for sale. When available, the Company uses quoted prices in active markets to measure the fair value of assets. When quoted prices do not exist, the Company uses prices obtained from independent third-party pricing services to measure the fair value of investment assets. The Company validates prices received from the pricing services using various methods, including comparison to prices received from additional pricing services, comparison to quoted market prices, where available, comparison to internal valuation models, and review of other relevant market data. The Company does not adjust the prices received from independent third-party pricing services unless such prices are inconsistent with the definition of fair value and result in a material difference in the recorded amounts. At March 31, 2011, and December 31, 2010, the Company did not adjust prices received from independent third-party pricing services. Liabilities recorded at fair value are not material, and therefore are not included in the following tables.

The following tables present the fair value hierarchy for assets measured at fair value:

 

March 31, 2011

   Quoted Prices
in Active Markets
for Identical
Assets

(Level 1)
     Significant
Other Observable
Inputs

(Level 2)
     Significant
Unobservable
Inputs

(Level 3)
     Balance at
Fair Value
 

Cash equivalents:

           

Money market funds

   $ 1,449       $       $       $ 1,449   
                                   

Total cash equivalents

     1,449                         1,449   

Investments segregated and on deposit for regulatory purposes:

           

U.S. Government securities

             2,174                 2,174   

Certificates of deposit

             2,054                 2,054   

Corporate debt securities

             1,680                 1,680   
                                   

Total investments segregated and on deposit for regulatory purposes

             5,908                 5,908   

Other securities owned:

           

Schwab Funds® money market funds

     200                         200   

Equity and bond mutual funds

     98                         98   

State and municipal debt obligations

             53                 53   

Equity, U.S. Government and corporate debt, and other securities

     1         34                 35   
                                   

Total other securities owned

     299         87                 386   

Securities available for sale:

           

U.S. agency residential mortgage-backed securities

             14,296                 14,296   

Non-agency residential mortgage-backed securities

             1,334                 1,334   

U.S. agency notes

             2,776                 2,776   

Corporate debt securities

             2,720                 2,720   

Asset-backed securities

             2,568                 2,568   

Certificates of deposit

             2,352                 2,352   
                                   

Total securities available for sale

             26,046                 26,046   
                                   

Total

   $ 1,748       $ 32,041       $                   —       $             33,789   
                                   

 

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Table of Contents

THE CHARLES SCHWAB CORPORATION

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Tabular Amounts in Millions, Except Per Share Data, Ratios, or as Noted)

(Unaudited)

 

December 31, 2010

   Quoted Prices
in Active Markets
for Identical
Assets

(Level 1)
     Significant
Other Observable
Inputs

(Level 2)
     Significant
Unobservable
Inputs

(Level 3)
     Balance at
Fair Value
 

Cash equivalents:

           

Money market funds

   $ 988       $       $       $ 988   

Commercial paper

             242                 242   
                                   

Total cash equivalents

     988         242                 1,230   

Investments segregated and on deposit for regulatory purposes:

           

U.S. Government securities

             3,190                 3,190   

Certificates of deposit

             2,201                 2,201   

Corporate debt securities

             1,704                 1,704   
                                   

Total investments segregated and on deposit for regulatory purposes

             7,095                 7,095   

Other securities owned:

           

Schwab Funds® money market funds

     172                         172   

Equity and bond mutual funds

     99                         99   

State and municipal debt obligations

             47                 47   

Equity, U.S. Government and corporate debt, and other securities

     1         18                 19   
                                   

Total other securities owned

     272         65                 337   

Securities available for sale:

           

U.S. agency residential mortgage-backed securities

             13,098                 13,098   

Non-agency residential mortgage-backed securities

             1,470                 1,470   

U.S. agency notes

             2,780                 2,780   

Corporate debt securities

             2,268                 2,268   

Asset-backed securities

             2,502                 2,502   

Certificates of deposit

             1,875                 1,875   
                                   

Total securities available for sale

             23,993                 23,993   
                                   

Total

   $ 1,260       $ 31,395       $                   —       $             32,655   
                                   

Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities Not Recorded at Fair Value

Descriptions of the valuation methodologies and assumptions used to estimate the fair value of assets and liabilities not recorded at fair value are described below. There were no significant changes in these methodologies or assumptions during the first quarter of 2011.

Other cash equivalents, receivables, payables, and accrued expenses and other liabilities include cash and highly liquid investments, receivables and payables from/ to brokers, dealers and clearing organizations, receivables and payables from/ to brokerage clients, and drafts, accounts, taxes, interest, and compensation payable. Assets and liabilities in these categories are short-term in nature and accordingly are recorded at amounts that approximate fair value.

Cash and investments segregated and on deposit for regulatory purposes include securities purchased under resale agreements. Securities purchased under resale agreements are recorded at par value plus accrued interest. Securities purchased under resale agreements are short-term in nature and are backed by collateral that both exceeds the carrying value of the resale agreement and is highly liquid in nature. Accordingly, the carrying value approximates fair value.

Securities held to maturity include U.S. agency residential mortgage-backed securities, asset-backed securities collateralized by credit card, student, and auto loans, and corporate debt securities. Securities held to maturity are recorded at amortized cost. The fair value of these securities is obtained using an independent third-party pricing service, as discussed above.

Loans to banking clients primarily include adjustable rate residential first-mortgage and HELOC loans. Loans to banking clients are recorded at carrying value net of an allowance for loan losses. The fair value of the Company’s loans to banking clients is estimated based on market prices for mortgage-backed securities collateralized by similar types of loans.

 

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Table of Contents

THE CHARLES SCHWAB CORPORATION

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Tabular Amounts in Millions, Except Per Share Data, Ratios, or as Noted)

(Unaudited)

 

Loans held for sale include fixed rate residential first-mortgage loans intended for sale. Loans held for sale are recorded at the lower of cost or fair value. The fair value of the Company’s loans held for sale is estimated using quoted market prices for securities backed by similar types of loans.

Other assets include cost method investments whose carrying values approximate their fair values. Other assets also include Federal Home Loan Bank stock recorded at par, which approximates fair value.

Deposits from banking clients: The Company considers the fair value of deposits with no stated maturity, such as deposits from banking clients, to be equal to the amount payable on demand as of the balance sheet date.

Long-term debt includes Senior Notes, Senior Medium-Term Notes, Series A, Junior Subordinated Notes, and a finance lease obligation. The fair value of the Senior Notes, Senior Medium-Term Notes, Series A, and Junior Subordinated Notes is estimated using indicative, non-binding quotes from independent brokers. The finance lease obligation is recorded at carrying value, which approximates fair value.

Firm commitments to extend credit: The Company extends credit to banking clients through HELOC and personal loans secured by securities. The Company considers the fair value of these unused commitments to be not material because the interest rates earned on these balances are based on market interest rate indices and reset monthly. Future utilization of HELOC and personal loan commitments will earn a then-current market interest rate. The Company does not charge a fee to maintain a HELOC or personal loan.

The table below presents the Company’s fair value estimates for financial instruments excluding short-term financial assets and liabilities, for which carrying amounts approximate fair value, and excluding financial instruments recorded at fair value.

 

     March 31,
2011
     December 31,
2010
 
     Carrying
Amount
     Fair
Value
     Carrying
Amount
     Fair
Value
 

Financial Assets:

           

Securities held to maturity

   $     16,646       $     16,681       $     17,762       $     17,848   

Loans to banking clients – net

   $ 9,130       $ 8,816       $ 8,725       $ 8,469   

Loans held for sale

   $ 34       $ 36       $ 185       $ 194   

Financial Liabilities:

           

Short-term borrowings

   $ 58       $ 58       $       $   

Long-term debt

   $ 2,005       $ 2,127       $ 2,006       $ 2,116   

 

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Table of Contents

THE CHARLES SCHWAB CORPORATION

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Tabular Amounts in Millions, Except Per Share Data, Ratios, or as Noted)

(Unaudited)

 

7.   Comprehensive Income and Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

The components of comprehensive income are as follows:

 

     Three Months Ended
March  31,
 
     2011     2010  

Net income

   $ 243      $ 6   

Other comprehensive income:

    

Change in net unrealized gain (loss) on securities available for sale:

    

Net unrealized gain

     21        122   

Reclassification of OTTI charges included in earnings

     7        8   

Income tax effect

     (10     (50
                

Total other comprehensive income

     18        80   
                

Comprehensive income

   $     261      $       86   
                

Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) represents cumulative gains and losses that are not reflected in earnings. Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) balances were:

 

     Net unrealized gain (loss)
on securities available for sale
             
     Portion of
unrealized gain
(loss) on Non-OTTI
securities
    Portion of
unrealized loss
on OTTI

securities (1)
    Net unrealized
loss on cash
flow hedging
instruments
    Total  accumulated
other

comprehensive
income (loss)
 

Balance at December 31, 2009

   $ (77   $ (114   $      $ (191

Reclassification of OTTI securities

     16        (16              

Other net changes

     66        14               80   
                                

Balance at March 31, 2010

   $ 5      $ (116   $      $ (111
                                

Balance at December 31, 2010

   $ 88      $ (71   $ (1   $ 16   

Other net changes

     5        12        1        18   
                                

Balance at March 31, 2011

   $                        93      $ (59   $                        —      $                        34   
                                

 

(1) 

OTTI securities are securities for which the Company has recognized an impairment charge through earnings.

 

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Table of Contents

THE CHARLES SCHWAB CORPORATION

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Tabular Amounts in Millions, Except Per Share Data, Ratios, or as Noted)

(Unaudited)

 

8.   Earnings Per Share

Basic EPS is computed by dividing net income available to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. The computation of diluted EPS is similar to the computation of basic EPS except that the denominator is increased to include the number of additional common shares that would have been outstanding if dilutive potential common shares had been issued. Dilutive potential common shares include the effect of outstanding stock options and unvested restricted stock awards and units. EPS under the basic and diluted computations is as follows:

 

     Three Months Ended
March  31,
 
     2011      2010  

Net income available to common stockholders (1)

   $     243       $         6   
                 

Weighted-average common shares outstanding – basic

     1,203         1,183   

Common stock equivalent shares related to stock incentive plans

     4         5   
                 

Weighted-average common shares outstanding – diluted (2)

     1,207         1,188   
                 

Basic EPS

   $ .20       $   

Diluted EPS

   $ .20       $   

 

(1) 

Net income available to participating securities (unvested restricted shares) was not material for the first quarter of 2011 or 2010.

 

(2) 

Total antidilutive stock options and restricted stock awards excluded from the calculation of diluted EPS were 39 million and 33 million shares for the first quarters of 2011 and 2010, respectively.

 

9.   Regulatory Requirements

CSC is a savings and loan holding company and Schwab Bank, CSC’s depository institution subsidiary, is a federal savings bank. CSC and Schwab Bank are both subject to supervision and regulation by the Office of Thrift Supervision. As a savings and loan holding company, CSC is not subject to specific statutory capital requirements. However, CSC is required to maintain capital that is sufficient to support the holding company and its subsidiaries’ business activities, and the risks inherent in those activities.

Schwab Bank is required to maintain minimum capital levels as specified in federal banking laws and regulations. Failure to meet the minimum levels will result in certain mandatory, and possibly additional discretionary, actions by the regulators that, if undertaken, could have a direct material effect on Schwab Bank. At March 31, 2011, CSC and Schwab Bank met the capital level requirements.

The regulatory capital and ratios for Schwab Bank at March 31, 2011, are as follows:

 

     Actual     Minimum Capital
Requirement
    Minimum to be
Well Capitalized
 
     Amount      Ratio     Amount      Ratio     Amount      Ratio  

Tier 1 Risk-Based Capital

   $     4,313                 23.9   $ 721                   4.0   $     1,081         6.0

Total Risk-Based Capital

   $ 4,365         24.2   $     1,442         8.0   $ 1,802                 10.0

Tier 1 Core Capital

   $ 4,313         7.7   $ 2,230         4.0   $ 2,787         5.0

Tangible Equity

   $ 4,313         7.7   $ 1,115         2.0     N/A      

 

N/A Not applicable.

Based on its regulatory capital ratios at March 31, 2011, Schwab Bank is considered well capitalized (the highest category) pursuant to banking regulatory guidelines. There are no conditions or events since March 31, 2011, that management believes have changed Schwab Bank’s capital category.

 

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Table of Contents

THE CHARLES SCHWAB CORPORATION

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Tabular Amounts in Millions, Except Per Share Data, Ratios, or as Noted)

(Unaudited)

 

Schwab is subject to Rule 15c3-1 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the Uniform Net Capital Rule). Schwab computes net capital under the alternative method permitted by the Uniform Net Capital Rule. This method requires the maintenance of minimum net capital, as defined, of the greater of 2% of aggregate debit balances arising from client transactions or a minimum dollar requirement, which is based on the type of business conducted by the broker-dealer. Under the alternative method, a broker-dealer may not repay subordinated borrowings, pay cash dividends, or make any unsecured advances or loans to its parent company or employees if such payment would result in net capital of less than 5% of aggregate debit balances or less than 120% of its minimum dollar requirement. At March 31, 2011, 2% of aggregate debit balances was $253 million, which exceeded the minimum dollar requirement for Schwab of $250,000. At March 31, 2011, Schwab’s net capital was $1.2 billion (10% of aggregate debit balances), which was $984 million in excess of its minimum required net capital and $604 million in excess of 5% of aggregate debit balances.

 

10.   Segment Information

The Company structures its operating segments according to its various types of clients and the services provided to those clients. The Company’s two reportable segments are Investor Services and Institutional Services.

The Company evaluates the performance of its segments on a pre-tax basis, excluding items such as impairment charges on non-financial assets, discontinued operations, extraordinary items, and significant restructuring and other charges. Segment assets and liabilities are not disclosed because the balances are not used for evaluating segment performance and deciding how to allocate resources to segments. There are no revenues from transactions with other segments within the Company.

Financial information for the Company’s reportable segments is presented in the following table:

 

     Investor Services     Institutional Services     Unallocated     Total  

Three Months Ended March 31,

   2011     2010     2011     2010     2011     2010     2011     2010  

Net Revenues:

                

Asset management and administration fees

   $     276      $     215      $     226      $     204      $      $ 1      $ 502      $ 420   

Net interest revenue

     373        288        63        51               1        436        340   

Trading revenue

     160        140        80        69        1               241        209   

Other

     20        17        19        16               (2     39        31   

Provision for loan losses

     (3     (12     (1     (2                   (4     (14

Net impairment losses on securities

     (6     (7     (1     (1                   (7     (8
                                                                

Total net revenues

     820        641        386        337        1               1,207        978   
                                                                

Expenses Excluding Interest (1)

     554        529        260        242        (1         194            813            965   
                                                                

Income from continuing operations before taxes on income

   $ 266      $ 112      $ 126      $ 95      $         2      $ (194   $ 394      $ 13   
                                                                

Taxes on income

                 (151     (7
                            

Net Income

               $ 243      $ 6   
                            

 

(1) 

Unallocated amount includes a class action litigation reserve of $196 million in the first quarter of 2010.

 

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Table of Contents

THE CHARLES SCHWAB CORPORATION

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

(Tabular Amounts in Millions, Except Ratios, or as Noted)

 

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

OVERVIEW

Management of The Charles Schwab Corporation (CSC) and its subsidiaries (collectively referred to as the Company) focuses on several key financial and non-financial metrics in evaluating the Company’s financial position and operating performance. Results for the first quarters of 2011 and 2010 are shown in the following table:

 

     Three Months Ended
March  31,
    Percent
Change
 
     2011     2010    

Client Activity Metrics:

      

Net new client assets (in billions)

   $ 23.0      $ 23.3        (1 %) 

Client assets (in billions, at quarter end)

   $     1,646.9      $     1,491.1        10

Clients’ daily average trades (1) (in thousands)

     472.5        415.5        14

Company Financial Metrics:

      

Net revenues

   $ 1,207      $ 978                      23

Expenses excluding interest

     813        965        (16 %) 
                        

Income before taxes on income

     394        13        N/M   

Taxes on income

     (151     (7     N/M   
                        

Net income

   $ 243      $ 6        N/M   
                        

Earnings per share – diluted

   $ .20      $        N/M   

Net revenue growth (decline) from prior year

     23     (12 %)   

Pre-tax profit margin

     32.6     1.3  

Return on stockholders’ equity (annualized)

     15         

Annualized net revenue per average full-time equivalent employee (in thousands)

   $ 371      $ 310        20

 

(1) 

Amounts include all commission free trades, including the Company’s Mutual Fund OneSource® funds and Exchange-Traded Funds, and other proprietary products.

N/M Not meaningful.

The broad equity markets improved during the first quarter of 2011 compared to the first quarter of 2010, as the Nasdaq Composite Index, the Standard & Poor’s 500 Index, and the Dow Jones Industrial Average grew 16%, 13%, and 13%, respectively. The low interest rate environment, however, persisted in the first quarter as the federal funds target rate remained unchanged during the quarter at a range of zero to 0.25% and the three-month London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) remained relatively flat at 0.30% compared to the first quarter of 2010.

The Company’s continued investment in expanding and improving product and service capabilities for its clients was reflected in continued strength in its key client activity metrics during the first quarter of 2011 — net new client assets totaled $23.0 billion and total client assets ended the first quarter at $1.65 trillion, up 10% from the first quarter of 2010. In addition, clients’ daily average trades of 472,500 in the first quarter of 2011 were up 14% on a year-over-year basis, and were the highest in nine quarters.

Net revenues increased by 23% in the first quarter of 2011 compared to the first quarter of 2010 due to growth in all three major sources of revenue — net interest revenue, asset management and administration fees, and trading revenue. Net interest revenue increased primarily due to higher average balances of interest-earning assets during the quarter. Asset management and administration fees increased due to higher average asset valuations, continued asset inflows, and increases in advice fees, offset by money market mutual fund fee waivers of $112 million. Money market mutual fund fee waivers were $125 million in the first quarter of 2010. Trading revenue increased due to higher daily average revenue trades, partially offset by lower average revenue earned per revenue trade.

Expenses excluding interest decreased by 16% in the first quarter of 2011 compared to the first quarter of 2010 primarily due to the recognition of a class action litigation reserve of $196 million relating to the Schwab YieldPlus Fund® in the first quarter of 2010, partially offset by increases in compensation and benefits expense and professional services expense. The

 

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Table of Contents

THE CHARLES SCHWAB CORPORATION

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

(Tabular Amounts in Millions, Except Ratios, or as Noted)

 

Company’s ongoing expense discipline combined with a 23% increase in net revenues resulted in a 32.6% pre-tax profit margin in the first quarter of 2011 — the highest since the fourth quarter of 2008.

Business Acquisition

On March 21, 2011, the Company announced a definitive agreement to acquire optionsXpress Holdings, Inc. (optionsXpress), an online brokerage firm primarily focused on equity option securities and futures. Under the terms of the agreement, optionsXpress stockholders will receive 1.02 shares of the Company’s common stock for each share of optionsXpress stock. Based on the Company’s closing stock price on March 31, 2011, the transaction is valued at approximately $1.0 billion. The transaction is expected to close in the third quarter of 2011, subject to optionsXpress stockholder approval, regulatory approvals, and customary closing conditions.

CURRENT MARKET AND REGULATORY ENVIRONMENT

While the equity markets’ improvement from their March 2009 lows helped strengthen the Company’s net revenues in the first quarter of 2011, the interest rate environment remains challenging and may continue to constrain growth in the Company’s net revenues.

Short-term interest rates remained at historically low levels during the first quarter of 2011, as the federal funds target rate was unchanged at a range of zero to 0.25%. Additionally, one-month and three-month LIBOR remained relatively flat compared to the fourth quarter of 2010. To the extent rates remain at these low levels, the Company’s net interest revenue will continue to be constrained, even as growth in average balances helps increase net interest revenue. The low rate environment also affects asset management and administration fees. The overall yields on certain Schwab-sponsored money market mutual funds have remained at levels at or below the management fees on those funds. The Company continues to waive a portion of its management fees, which it began to do in the first quarter of 2009, so that the funds continue providing a positive return to clients. These and other money market mutual funds may continue to find it necessary to replace maturing securities with low-yielding securities and the overall yield on such funds may remain below the management fees on those funds. To the extent this occurs, fees may be waived and waivers could increase from the first quarter 2011 level, which would negatively affect asset management and administration fees.

The Company recorded net impairment charges of $7 million related to certain non-agency residential mortgage-backed securities in the first quarter of 2011 due to credit deterioration of the securities’ underlying loans. Further deterioration in the performance of the underlying loans in the Company’s residential mortgage-backed securities portfolio could result in the recognition of additional impairment charges. The Company has filed lawsuits in state court in San Francisco for rescission and damage against issuers and underwriters of certain non-agency residential mortgage-backed securities on which the Company has experienced realized and unrealized losses. The lawsuits allege that offering documents for the securities contained material untrue and misleading statements about the securities and the underwriting standards and credit quality of the underlying loans. The cases, which had been removed to federal court by defendants, were recently remanded to state court and remain pending.

The “Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act” was signed into law in July 2010. Among other things, the legislation authorizes various assessments and fees and requires the establishment of minimum leverage and risk-based capital requirements for insured depository institutions. In addition, the legislation eliminates the Office of Thrift Supervision effective July 21, 2011 and, as a result, the Federal Reserve will become CSC’s primary regulator and the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency will become the primary regulator of Schwab Bank. CSC is continuing to review the impact the legislation, studies and related rule-making will have on the Company’s business, financial condition, and results of operations.

 

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Table of Contents

THE CHARLES SCHWAB CORPORATION

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

(Tabular Amounts in Millions, Except Ratios, or as Noted)

 

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion presents an analysis of the Company’s results of operations for the first quarters of 2011 and 2010.

Net Revenues

The Company’s major sources of net revenues are asset management and administration fees, net interest revenue, and trading revenue. Asset management and administration fees, net interest revenue, and trading revenue increased in the first quarter of 2011 compared to the first quarter of 2010.

 

Three Months Ended March 31,          2011     2010  
     Percent
  Change  
      Amount       % of
Total Net
 Revenues 
      Amount       % of
Total Net
 Revenues 
 

Asset management and administration fees

          

Mutual fund service fees:

          

Proprietary funds (Schwab Funds® and Laudus Funds®)

     1   $ 142        12   $ 141        14

Mutual Fund OneSource®

     19     177        15     149        15

Other

     4     28        2     27        3

Investment management and trust fees

     66     126        10     76        8

Other

     7     29        3     27        3
                                        

Asset management and administration fees

     20     502        42     420        43
                                        

Net interest revenue

          

Interest revenue

     23     481        40     391        40

Interest expense

     (12 %)      (45     (4 %)      (51     (5 %) 
                                        

Net interest revenue

     28     436        36     340        35
                                        

Trading revenue

          

Commissions

     17     225        19     193        20

Principal transactions

            16        1     16        2
                                        

Trading revenue

     15     241        20     209        22
                                        

Other

     26     39        3     31        3
                                        

Provision for loan losses

     (71 %)      (4            (14     (2 %) 
                                        

Net impairment losses on securities

     (13 %)      (7     (1 %)      (8     (1 %) 
                                        

Total net revenues

     23   $ 1,207        100   $ 978        100
                                        

Asset Management and Administration Fees

Asset management and administration fees include mutual fund service fees and fees for other asset-based financial services provided to individual and institutional clients. The Company earns mutual fund service fees for shareholder services, administration, and investment management provided to its proprietary funds, and recordkeeping and shareholder services provided to third-party funds. These fees are based upon the daily balances of client assets invested in these funds. The Company also earns asset management fees for advisory and managed account services, which are based on the daily balances of client assets subject to the specific fee for service. The fair values of client assets included in proprietary and third-party mutual funds are based on quoted market prices and other observable market data. Asset management and administration fees may vary with changes in the balances of client assets due to market fluctuations and client activity. For discussion of the impact of current market conditions on asset management and administration fees, see “Current Market and Regulatory Environment.”

 

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Table of Contents

THE CHARLES SCHWAB CORPORATION

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

(Tabular Amounts in Millions, Except Ratios, or as Noted)

 

Asset management and administration fees increased by $82 million, or 20%, in the first quarter of 2011 compared to the first quarter of 2010 primarily due to an increase in investment management and trust fees and mutual fund service fees.

 

     Three Months Ended
March  31,
    Percent
   Change  
 
          2011               2010         

Asset management and administration fees before money market mutual fund fee waivers

   $ 614      $ 545        13

Money market mutual fund fee waivers

     (112     (125     (10 %) 
                        

Asset management and administration fees

   $ 502      $ 420        20
                        

Mutual fund service fees increased by $30 million, or 9%, in the first quarter of 2011 compared to the first quarter of 2010 primarily due to higher average balances of client assets invested in the Company’s Mutual Fund OneSource funds as a result of higher average asset valuations and continued asset inflows. The increase in mutual fund service fees was also due to a decrease in money market mutual fund fee waivers. Given the low interest rate environment in the first quarters of 2011 and 2010, the overall yields on certain Schwab-sponsored money market mutual funds have remained at levels at or below the management fees on those funds. As a result, the Company waived a portion of its fees in the first quarters of 2011 and 2010 in order to provide a positive return to clients.

Investment management and trust fees increased by $50 million, or 66%, in the first quarter of 2011 compared to the first quarter of 2010 primarily due to higher average balances of client assets participating in advisory and managed account services programs. The increase in investment management and trust fees was also due to a $28 million decrease in temporary fee rebates under a rebate program that ended in 2010.

Net Interest Revenue

Net interest revenue is the difference between interest earned on interest-earning assets and interest paid on funding sources. Net interest revenue is affected by changes in the volume and mix of these assets and liabilities, as well as by fluctuations in interest rates and portfolio management strategies. The Company is positioned so that the consolidated balance sheet produces an increase in net interest revenue when interest rates rise and, conversely, a decrease in net interest revenue when interest rates fall (i.e., interest-earning assets generally reprice more quickly than interest-bearing liabilities). When interest rates fall, the Company may attempt to mitigate some of this negative impact by extending the maturities of assets in investment portfolios to lock-in asset yields as well as by lowering rates paid to clients on interest-bearing liabilities. Since the Company establishes the rates paid on certain brokerage client cash balances and deposits from banking clients, as well as the rates charged on receivables from brokerage clients, and also controls the composition of its investment securities, it has some ability to manage its net interest spread. However, the spread is influenced by external factors such as the interest rate environment and competition. For discussion of the impact of current market conditions on net interest revenue, see “Current Market and Regulatory Environment.”

In clearing its clients’ trades, Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. (Schwab) holds cash balances payable to clients. In most cases, Schwab pays its clients interest on cash balances awaiting investment, and may invest these funds and earn interest revenue. Receivables from brokerage clients consist primarily of margin loans to brokerage clients. Margin loans are loans made by Schwab to clients on a secured basis to purchase securities. Pursuant to SEC regulations, client cash balances that are not used for margin lending are generally segregated into investment accounts that are maintained for the exclusive benefit of clients, which are recorded in cash and investments segregated on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheet.

The Company’s interest-earning assets are financed primarily by brokerage client cash balances and deposits from banking clients. Noninterest-bearing funding sources include noninterest-bearing brokerage client cash balances and proceeds from stock-lending activities, as well as stockholders’ equity.

 

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Table of Contents

THE CHARLES SCHWAB CORPORATION

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

(Tabular Amounts in Millions, Except Ratios, or as Noted)

 

The following table presents net interest revenue information corresponding to interest-earning assets and funding sources on the condensed consolidated balance sheet:

 

Three Months Ended March 31,    2011     2010  
     Average
    Balance    
     Interest
Revenue/
    Expense    
         Average    
Yield/

Rate
    Average
    Balance    
     Interest
Revenue/
    Expense    
         Average    
Yield/

Rate
 

Interest-earning assets:

                

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ 4,955       $ 3         0.25   $ 8,050       $ 5         0.25

Cash and investments segregated

     23,191         14         0.24     18,840         11         0.24

Broker-related receivables (1)

     373                 0.16     262                   

Receivables from brokerage clients

     10,335         117         4.59     8,080         100         5.02

Other securities owned (2)

                            252                 0.44

Securities available for sale (3)

     25,016         106         1.72     22,735         128         2.28

Securities held to maturity

     17,138         140         3.31     6,406         59         3.74

Loans to banking clients

     9,009         75         3.38     7,564         67         3.59

Loans held for sale

     113         1         3.59     86         1         4.72
                                                    

Total interest-earning assets

     90,130         456         2.05     72,275         371         2.08
                                                    

Other interest revenue

        25              20      
                            

Total interest-earning assets

   $ 90,130       $ 481         2.16   $     72,275       $ 391         2.19
                                                    

Funding sources:

                

Deposits from banking clients

   $     50,329       $ 17         0.14   $ 40,211       $ 31         0.31

Payables to brokerage clients (4)

     27,055         1         0.01     21,242                 0.01

Long-term debt

     2,005         27         5.46     1,442         20         5.62
                                                    

Total interest-bearing liabilities

     79,389         45         0.23     62,895         51         0.33
                                                    

Noninterest-bearing funding sources

     10,741              9,380         
                            

Total funding sources

   $ 90,130       $ 45         0.20   $     72,275       $ 51         0.28
                                                    

Net interest revenue

      $ 436         1.96      $ 340         1.91
                                        

 

(1) 

Includes receivables from brokers, dealers, and clearing organizations. Interest revenue on broker-related receivables was less than $500,000 in the first quarter of 2011.

 

(2) 

Interest revenue on other securities owned was less than $500,000 in the first quarter of 2010.

 

(3) 

Amounts have been calculated based on amortized cost.

 

(4) 

Interest expense on payables to brokerage clients was less than $500,000 in the first quarter of 2010.

Net interest revenue increased in the first quarter of 2011 compared to the first quarter of 2010 due to higher average balances of interest-earning assets. This resulted from a growth in the average balances of deposits from banking clients and payables to brokerage clients, which in turn funded increases in the average balances of securities held to maturity and securities available for sale. These interest-earning assets are invested at rates above the cost of supporting funding sources.

Trading Revenue

Trading revenue includes commission and principal transaction revenues. Commission revenue is affected by the number of revenue trades executed and the average revenue earned per revenue trade. Principal transaction revenue is primarily comprised of revenue from client fixed income securities trading activity. Factors that influence principal transaction revenue include the volume of client trades and market price volatility.

Trading revenue increased by $32 million, or 15%, in the first quarter of 2011 compared to the first quarter of 2010 due to higher daily average revenue trades, partially offset by lower average revenue earned per revenue trade. Daily average revenue trades increased 16% in the first quarter of 2011 due to higher volumes of equity, option, mutual fund, and principal transaction trades. Average revenue earned per revenue trade decreased 4% in the first quarter of 2011 primarily due to lower revenue per trade for principal transactions and options.

 

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Table of Contents

THE CHARLES SCHWAB CORPORATION

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

(Tabular Amounts in Millions, Except Ratios, or as Noted)

 

     Three Months Ended
March  31,
       Percent  
Change
 
        2011            2010        

Daily average revenue trades (1) (in thousands)

     319.9         275.7         16

Number of trading days

     62.0         61.0         2

Average revenue earned per revenue trade

   $     12.12       $     12.60         (4 %) 

 

(1) 

Includes all client trades that generate trading revenue (i.e., commission revenue or revenue from fixed income securities trading).

Other Revenue

Other revenue includes gains on sales of mortgage loans, exchange processing fees, software maintenance fees, and other service fees. Other revenue increased by $8 million, or 26%, in the first quarter of 2011 from the first quarter of 2010 primarily due to an increase in service fees.

Provision for Loan Losses

The provision for loan losses decreased by $10 million in the first quarter of 2011 from the first quarter of 2010, due to a decrease in overall expected loss rates resulting from a decrease in first mortgage loan delinquencies, as well as a reduction in the Company’s estimated first mortgage loan loss severity assumption (i.e., the loss expected to be realized upon the default of a loan). Additionally, charge-offs were $4 million in the first quarter of 2011, down from $6 million in first quarter of 2010. For further discussion on the Company’s credit risk and the allowance for loan losses, see “Risk Management – Credit Risk Exposures” and “Item 1 – Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) – Notes – 4. Loans to Banking Clients and Related Allowance for Loan Losses.”

Net Impairment Losses on Securities

Net impairment losses on securities were $7 million and $8 million in the first quarters of 2011 and 2010, respectively, and related to certain non-agency residential mortgage-backed securities in the Company’s available for sale portfolio. These charges resulted from credit deterioration of the securities’ underlying loans. For further discussion, see “Item 1 – Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) – Notes – 3. Securities Available for Sale and Securities Held to Maturity.”

 

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Table of Contents

THE CHARLES SCHWAB CORPORATION

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

(Tabular Amounts in Millions, Except Ratios, or as Noted)

 

Expenses Excluding Interest

As shown in the table below, expenses excluding interest decreased in the first quarter of 2011 compared to the first quarter of 2010, primarily due to the recognition of a class action litigation reserve relating to the Schwab YieldPlus Fund in the first quarter of 2010. The decrease in expenses excluding interest in the first quarter of 2011 was partially offset by increases in compensation and benefits expense and professional services expense.

 

     Three Months Ended
March  31,
    Percent
   Change  
 
          2011               2010         

Compensation and benefits

   $ 437      $ 402        9

Professional services

     92        80        15

Occupancy and equipment

     71        68        4

Advertising and market development

     60        62        (3 %) 

Communications

     56        52        8

Depreciation and amortization

     35        37        (5 %) 

Class action litigation reserve

            196        N/M   

Other

     62        68        (9 %) 
                        

Total expenses excluding interest

   $ 813      $ 965        (16 %) 
                        

Expenses as a percentage of total net revenues:

      

Total expenses excluding interest

     67     99  

Advertising and market development

     5     6  

 

N/M Not meaningful.

Compensation and Benefits

Compensation and benefits expense includes salaries and wages, incentive compensation, and related employee benefits and taxes. Incentive compensation includes variable compensation, discretionary bonus costs, and stock-based compensation. Variable compensation includes payments to certain individuals based on their sales performance. Discretionary bonus costs are based on the Company’s overall performance as measured by earnings per share, and therefore will fluctuate with this measure.

 

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Table of Contents

THE CHARLES SCHWAB CORPORATION

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

(Tabular Amounts in Millions, Except Ratios, or as Noted)

 

Total compensation and benefits expense increased by $35 million, or 9%, in the first quarter of 2011 compared to the first quarter of 2010 primarily due to increases in salaries and wages expense and incentive compensation. The following table shows a comparison of certain compensation and benefits components and employee data:

 

     Three Months Ended
March  31,
    Percent
   Change  
 
          2011               2010         

Salaries and wages

   $ 251      $ 236        6

Incentive compensation

     110        98        12

Employee benefits and other

     76        68        12
                        

Total compensation and benefits expense

   $ 437      $ 402        9
                        

Compensation and benefits expense as a percentage of total net revenues:

      

Salaries and wages

     21     24  

Incentive compensation

     9     10  

Employee benefits and other

     6     7  
                  

Total compensation and benefits expense

     36     41  
                  

Full-time equivalent employees (in thousands) (1)

      

At quarter end

     13.1        12.6        4

Average

     13.0        12.6        3

 

(1) 

Includes full-time, part-time and temporary employees, and persons employed on a contract basis, and excludes employees of outsourced service providers.

Salaries and wages increased in the first quarter of 2011 compared to the first quarter of 2010 primarily due to increases in full-time employees and persons employed on a contract basis. Incentive compensation increased in the first quarter of 2011 compared to the first quarter of 2010 primarily due to higher discretionary bonus costs and higher stock-based compensation.

Expenses Excluding Compensation and Benefits

Professional services expense increased in the first quarter of 2011 compared to the first quarter of 2010 primarily due to an increase in fees relating to technology services and enhancements.

Occupancy and equipment expense increased in the first quarter of 2011 compared to the first quarter of 2010 primarily due to an increase in data processing equipment expense.

Advertising and market development expense decreased in the first quarter of 2011 compared to the first quarter of 2010 primarily due to lower media spending relating to the Company’s “Talk to Chuck®” national advertising campaign.

Communications expense increased in the first quarter of 2011 compared to the first quarter of 2010 primarily due to increases in telephone service expense and third-party news and information expense.

Depreciation and amortization expense decreased in the first quarter of 2011 compared to the first quarter of 2010 primarily due to certain assets becoming fully depreciated.

In the first quarter of 2010, the Company recognized a class action litigation reserve of $196 million relating to the Schwab YieldPlus Fund.

Other expense decreased in the first quarter of 2011 compared to the first quarter of 2010 primarily due to a charge of $9 million in the first quarter of 2010 relating to the Company’s Invest First and WorldPoints(a) Visa(b) credit cards, as the Company ended its sponsorship due to challenging credit card industry economics.

 

(a)

WorldPoints is a registered trademark of FIA Card Services, N.A.

 

(b)

Visa is a registered trademark of Visa International Service Association.

 

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Table of Contents

THE CHARLES SCHWAB CORPORATION

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

(Tabular Amounts in Millions, Except Ratios, or as Noted)

 

Taxes on Income

The Company’s effective income tax rate on income before taxes was 38.3% and 53.8% for the first quarters of 2011 and 2010, respectively. The higher rate in the first quarter of 2010 was primarily due to the impact of non-recurring items on the computation of the effective income tax rate in relation to lower income before taxes.

Segment Information

The Company provides financial services to individuals and institutional clients through two segments – Investor Services and Institutional Services. The Investor Services segment includes the Company’s retail client offering. The Institutional Services segment provides custodial, trading, and support services to independent investment advisors, as well as retirement plan services, plan administrator services, equity compensation plan services, and mutual fund clearing services. In addition, the Institutional Services segment supports the availability of Schwab proprietary mutual funds and collective trust funds on third-party platforms. Banking revenues and expenses are allocated to the Company’s two segments based on which segment services the client. The Company evaluates the performance of its segments on a pre-tax basis, excluding items such as impairment charges on non-financial assets, discontinued operations, extraordinary items, and significant restructuring and other charges.

Financial information for the Company’s reportable segments is presented in the following tables:

 

     Investor Services     Institutional Services  

Three Months Ended March 31,

       Percent    
Change
          2011                 2010               Percent    
Change
          2011                 2010        

Net Revenues:

            

Asset management and administration fees

     28   $     276      $     215        11   $     226      $     204   

Net interest revenue

     30     373        288        24     63        51   

Trading revenue

     14     160        140        16     80        69   

Other

     18     20        17        19     19        16   

Provision for loan losses

     (75 %)      (3     (12     (50 %)      (1     (2

Net impairment losses on securities

     (14 %)      (6     (7            (1     (1
                                                

Total net revenues

     28     820        641        15     386        337   
                                                

Expenses Excluding Interest

     5     554        529        7     260        242   
                                                

Income before taxes on income

     138   $     266      $     112        33   $ 126      $ 95   
                                                
     Unallocated     Total  

Three Months Ended March 31,

   Percent
Change
    2011     2010     Percent
Change
    2011     2010  

Net Revenues:

            

Asset management and administration fees

     N/M      $      $ 1        20   $     502      $     420   

Net interest revenue

     N/M               1        28     436        340   

Trading revenue

     N/M        1               15     241        209   

Other

     N/M               (2     26     39        31   

Provision for loan losses

     N/M                      (71 %)      (4     (14

Net impairment losses on securities

     N/M                      (13 %)      (7     (8
                                                

Total net revenues

     N/M        1               23     1,207        978   
                                                

Expenses Excluding Interest

     N/M        (1     194        (16 %)      813        965   
                                                

Income before taxes on income

     N/M      $ 2      $ (194     N/M      $     394      $ 13   
                                                

Taxes on income

           N/M        (151     (7
                              

Net Income

           N/M      $     243      $ 6   
                              

 

N/M Not meaningful.

 

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Table of Contents

THE CHARLES SCHWAB CORPORATION

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

(Tabular Amounts in Millions, Except Ratios, or as Noted)

 

Investor Services

Net revenues increased by $179 million, or 28%, in the first quarter of 2011 compared to the first quarter of 2010 primarily due to increases in net interest revenue, asset management and administration fees, and trading revenue. Net interest revenue increased primarily due to higher average balances of interest earning assets during the quarter. Asset management and administration fees increased due to higher average asset valuations and continued asset inflows, offset by money market mutual fund fee waivers. Trading revenue increased due to higher daily average revenue trades, partially offset by lower average revenue earned per revenue trade. Expenses excluding interest increased by $25 million, or 5%, in the first quarter of 2011 compared to the first quarter of 2010 primarily due to increases in compensation and benefits expense and professional services expense.

Institutional Services

Net revenues increased by $49 million, or 15%, in the first quarter of 2011 compared to the first quarter of 2010 primarily due to increases in net interest revenue, asset management and administration fees, and trading revenue. Net interest revenue increased primarily due to higher average balances of interest earning assets. Asset management and administration fees increased due to higher average asset valuations and continued asset inflows, offset by money market mutual fund fee waivers. Trading revenue increased due to higher daily average revenue trades. Expenses excluding interest increased by $18 million, or 7%, in the first quarter of 2011 compared to the first quarter of 2010 primarily due to increases in compensation and benefits expense and professional services expense.

Unallocated

Expenses excluding interest decreased in the first quarter of 2011 compared to the first quarter of 2010 primarily due to the recognition of a class action litigation reserve relating to the Schwab YieldPlus Fund in the first quarter of 2010.

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

CSC conducts substantially all of its business through its wholly-owned subsidiaries. The Company’s capital structure is designed to provide each subsidiary with capital and liquidity to meet its operational needs and regulatory requirements.

CSC is a savings and loan holding company and Schwab Bank, CSC’s depository institution, is a federal savings bank. CSC and Schwab Bank are both currently subject to supervision and regulation by the Office of Thrift Supervision.

Liquidity

CSC

As a savings and loan holding company, CSC is not subject to specific statutory capital requirements. However, CSC is required to maintain capital that is sufficient to support the holding company and its subsidiaries’ business activities, and the risks inherent in those activities. To manage capital adequacy, CSC currently utilizes a target Tier 1 Leverage Ratio, as defined by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, of at least 6%. At March 31, 2011, CSC’s Tier 1 Leverage Ratio was 6.5%.

CSC’s liquidity needs are generally met through cash generated by its subsidiaries, as well as cash provided by external financing. CSC has a universal automatic shelf registration statement on file with the SEC which enables CSC to issue debt, equity and other securities. CSC maintains excess liquidity in the form of overnight cash deposits and short-term investments to cover daily funding needs and to support growth in the Company’s business. Generally, CSC does not hold liquidity at its subsidiaries in excess of amounts deemed sufficient to support the subsidiaries’ operations, including any regulatory capital requirements. Schwab and Schwab Bank are subject to regulatory requirements that may restrict them from certain transactions with CSC. Management believes that funds generated by the operations of CSC’s subsidiaries will continue to be the primary funding source in meeting CSC’s liquidity needs, providing adequate liquidity to meet Schwab Bank’s capital guidelines, and maintaining Schwab’s net capital.

 

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Table of Contents

THE CHARLES SCHWAB CORPORATION

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

(Tabular Amounts in Millions, Except Ratios, or as Noted)

 

CSC has liquidity needs that arise from the funding of cash dividends, acquisitions, and investments, as well as its Senior Notes, Senior Medium-Term Notes, Series A (Medium-Term Notes), and Junior Subordinated Notes. The following are details of CSC’s long-term debt:

 

March 31, 2011

   Amount
Outstanding
     Maturity   

Interest Rate

   Moody’s (1)    Standard
& Poor’s  (1)
   Fitch (1)

Senior Notes

   $ 1,450       2014 - 2020    4.45% to 4.950% fixed    A2    A    A

Medium Term Notes

   $ 250       2017    6.375% fixed    A2    A    A

Junior Subordinated Notes (2)

   $ 202       2067   

7.50% fixed until 2017,

floating thereafter

   Baa1    BBB+    BBB+

 

(1) 

Current ratings are provided by Moody’s Investors Service (Moody’s), Standard & Poor’s Ratings Group (Standard & Poor’s), and Fitch Ratings, Ltd. (Fitch).

 

(2) 

The Junior Subordinated Notes themselves are not rated, however, the trust preferred securities related to these Junior Subordinated Notes are rated.

CSC has authorization from its Board of Directors to issue unsecured commercial paper notes (Commercial Paper Notes) not to exceed $1.5 billion. Management has set a current limit for the commercial paper program of $800 million. The maturities of the Commercial Paper Notes may vary, but are not to exceed 270 days from the date of issue. The commercial paper is not redeemable prior to maturity and cannot be voluntarily prepaid. The proceeds of the commercial paper program are to be used for general corporate purposes. There were no borrowings of Commercial Paper Notes during the first quarter of 2011. CSC’s ratings for these short-term borrowings are P1 by Moody’s, A1 by Standard & Poor’s, and F1 by Fitch.

CSC maintains an $800 million committed, unsecured credit facility with a group of twelve banks, which is scheduled to expire in June 2011. This facility replaced a similar facility that expired in June 2010 and was unused during the first quarter of 2011. The funds under this facility are available for general corporate purposes, including repayment of the Commercial Paper Notes discussed above. The financial covenants under this facility require Schwab to maintain a minimum net capital ratio, as defined, Schwab Bank to be well capitalized, as defined, and CSC to maintain a minimum level of stockholders’ equity. At March 31, 2011, the minimum level of stockholders’ equity required under this facility was $4.5 billion. Management believes that these restrictions will not have a material effect on CSC’s ability to meet foreseeable dividend or funding requirements.

CSC also has direct access to $703 million of the $828 million uncommitted, unsecured bank credit lines discussed below, that are primarily utilized by Schwab to manage short-term liquidity. These lines were not used by CSC during the first quarter of 2011.

In addition, Schwab provides CSC with a $1.0 billion credit facility, which matures in December 2011. There were no funds drawn under this facility at March 31, 2011.

Schwab

Schwab is subject to regulatory requirements that are intended to ensure the general financial soundness and liquidity of broker-dealers. These regulations prohibit Schwab from repaying subordinated borrowings from CSC, paying cash dividends, or making unsecured advances or loans to its parent company or employees if such payment would result in net capital of less than 5% of aggregate debit balances or less than 120% of its minimum dollar requirement of $250,000. At March 31, 2011, Schwab’s net capital was $1.2 billion (10% of aggregate debit balances), which was $984 million in excess of its minimum required net capital and $604 million in excess of 5% of aggregate debit balances.

Most of Schwab’s assets are readily convertible to cash, consisting primarily of short-term (i.e., less than 150 days) investment-grade, interest-earning investments (the majority of which are segregated for the exclusive benefit of clients pursuant to regulatory requirements), receivables from brokerage clients, and receivables from brokers, dealers, and clearing organizations. Client margin loans are demand loan obligations secured by readily marketable securities. Receivables from and payables to brokers, dealers, and clearing organizations primarily represent current open transactions, which usually settle, or can be closed out, within a few business days.

 

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Table of Contents

THE CHARLES SCHWAB CORPORATION

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

(Tabular Amounts in Millions, Except Ratios, or as Noted)

 

Liquidity needs relating to client trading and margin borrowing activities are met primarily through cash balances in brokerage client accounts, which were $31.4 billion and $29.9 billion at March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, respectively. Management believes that brokerage client cash balances and operating earnings will continue to be the primary sources of liquidity for Schwab in the future.

Schwab has a finance lease obligation related to an office building and land under a 20-year lease. The remaining finance lease obligation of $105 million at March 31, 2011, is being reduced by a portion of the lease payments over the remaining lease term of 14 years.

To manage short-term liquidity, Schwab maintains uncommitted, unsecured bank credit lines with a group of seven banks totaling $828 million at March 31, 2011. The need for short-term borrowings arises primarily from timing differences between cash flow requirements, scheduled liquidation of interest-earning investments, and movements of cash to meet regulatory brokerage client cash segregation requirements. Schwab used such borrowings for 2 days during the first quarter of 2011, with average daily amounts borrowed of $58 million. At March 31, 2011, $58 million was outstanding under these lines, which was subsequently repaid on April 1, 2011.

To partially satisfy the margin requirement of client option transactions with the Options Clearing Corporation (OCC), Schwab has unsecured standby letter of credit agreements (LOCs) with seven banks in favor of the OCC aggregating $445 million at March 31, 2011. In connection with its securities lending activities, Schwab is required to provide collateral to certain brokerage clients. Schwab satisfies the collateral requirements by arranging LOCs, in favor of these brokerage clients, which are issued by multiple banks. At March 31, 2011, the aggregate face amount of these LOCs totaled $54 million. There were no funds drawn under any of these LOCs during the first quarter of 2011.

To manage Schwab’s regulatory capital requirement, CSC provides Schwab with a $1.4 billion subordinated revolving credit facility, which is scheduled to expire in March 2012. The amount outstanding under this facility at March 31, 2011, was $245 million. Borrowings under this subordinated lending arrangement qualify as regulatory capital for Schwab.

In addition, CSC provides Schwab with a $1.5 billion credit facility, which is scheduled to expire in December 2011. Borrowings under this facility do not qualify as regulatory capital for Schwab. There were no funds drawn under this facility at March 31, 2011.

Schwab Bank

Schwab Bank is required to maintain capital levels as specified in federal banking laws and regulations. Failure to meet the minimum levels will result in certain mandatory, and possibly additional discretionary, actions by the regulators that, if undertaken, could have a direct material effect on Schwab Bank. Based on its regulatory capital ratios at March 31, 2011, Schwab Bank is considered well capitalized. Schwab Bank’s regulatory capital and ratios at March 31, 2011, are as follows:

 

     Actual     Minimum Capital
Requirement
    Minimum to be
Well Capitalized
 
       Amount            Ratio           Amount            Ratio           Amount            Ratio      

Tier 1 Risk-Based Capital

   $ 4,313         23.9   $ 721         4.0   $ 1,081         6.0

Total Risk-Based Capital

   $ 4,365         24.2   $ 1,442         8.0   $ 1,802         10.0

Tier 1 Core Capital

   $ 4,313         7.7   $ 2,230         4.0   $ 2,787         5.0

Tangible Equity

   $ 4,313         7.7   $ 1,115         2.0     N/A      

 

N/A Not applicable.

Beginning in the first quarter of 2010, in light of the evolving regulatory environment and capitalization trends observed across the banking industry, management established a target Tier 1 Core Capital Ratio for Schwab Bank of at least 7.5%. Schwab Bank’s current liquidity needs are generally met through deposits from banking clients and equity capital.

 

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Table of Contents

THE CHARLES SCHWAB CORPORATION

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

(Tabular Amounts in Millions, Except Ratios, or as Noted)

 

The excess cash held in certain Schwab brokerage client accounts is swept into deposit accounts at Schwab Bank. At March 31, 2011, these balances totaled $31.5 billion.

Schwab Bank has access to traditional funding sources such as deposits, federal funds purchased, and repurchase agreements. Additionally, Schwab Bank has access to short-term funding through the Federal Reserve Bank (FRB) discount window. Amounts available under the FRB discount window are dependent on the fair value of certain of Schwab Bank’s securities available for sale and securities held to maturity that are pledged as collateral. At March 31, 2011, $1.0 billion was available under this arrangement. There were no funds drawn under this arrangement during the first quarter of 2011.

Schwab Bank maintains a credit facility with the Federal Home Loan Bank System. Amounts available under this facility are dependent on the amount of Schwab Bank’s residential real estate mortgages and home equity lines of credit (HELOCs) that are pledged as collateral. At March 31, 2011, $4.6 billion was available under this facility. There were no funds drawn under this facility during the first quarter of 2011.

CSC provides Schwab Bank with a $100 million short-term credit facility, which is scheduled to expire in December 2011. Borrowings under this facility do not qualify as regulatory capital for Schwab Bank. There were no funds drawn under this facility during the first quarter of 2011.

Capital Resources

The Company monitors both the relative composition and absolute level of its capital structure. Management is focused on limiting the Company’s use of capital and currently targets a long-term debt to total financial capital ratio not to exceed 30%. The Company’s total financial capital (long-term debt plus stockholders’ equity) at March 31, 2011, was $8.5 billion, up $260 million, or 3%, from December 31, 2010.

The Company had long-term debt of $2.0 billion, or 24% of total financial capital at March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, with interest at a weighted-average rate of 5.24% at March 31, 2011. The Company repaid $1 million of long-term debt in the first quarter of 2011.

The Company’s cash position (reported as cash and cash equivalents on its condensed consolidated balance sheet) and cash flows are affected by changes in brokerage client cash balances and the associated amounts required to be segregated under regulatory guidelines. Timing differences between cash and investments actually segregated on a given date and the amount required to be segregated for that date may arise in the ordinary course of business and are addressed by the Company in accordance with applicable regulations. Other factors which affect the Company’s cash position and cash flows include investment activity in securities, levels of capital expenditures, acquisition and divestiture activity, banking client deposit activity, brokerage and banking client loan activity, financing activity in long-term debt, payments of dividends, and repurchases and issuances of CSC’s common stock. The combination of these factors can cause significant fluctuations in the cash position during specific time periods.

Capital Expenditures

The Company’s capital expenditures were $37 million and $24 million in the first quarters of 2011 and 2010, respectively. Capital expenditures in the first quarters of 2011 and 2010 were primarily for information technology systems software and equipment, and leasehold improvements. Capital expenditures include capitalized costs for developing internal-use software of $7 million in the first quarter of 2011 and $5 million in the first quarter of 2010.

As discussed in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010, management anticipated that 2011 capital expenditures would be 35% higher than 2010 spending. Due to increased spending on software and equipment relating to the Company’s information technology systems and leasehold improvements, management currently anticipates that full-year 2011 capital expenditures will be approximately 40% higher than 2010 levels.

 

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Table of Contents

THE CHARLES SCHWAB CORPORATION

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

(Tabular Amounts in Millions, Except Ratios, or as Noted)

 

Dividends

CSC paid common stock cash dividends of $72 million, or $0.06 per share, in both the first quarter of 2011 and the first quarter of 2010.

Share Repurchases

There were no repurchases of CSC’s common stock in the first quarter of 2011 or 2010. As of March 31, 2011, CSC had remaining authority from the Board of Directors to repurchase up to $596 million of its common stock.

Business Acquisition

On March 21, 2011, the Company announced a definitive agreement to acquire optionsXpress for approximately $1.0 billion in stock. The transaction is expected to close in the third quarter of 2011, subject to optionsXpress stockholder approval, regulatory approvals, and customary closing conditions, as discussed above.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

The Company enters into various off-balance sheet arrangements in the ordinary course of business, primarily to meet the needs of its clients. These arrangements include firm commitments to extend credit. Additionally, the Company enters into guarantees and other similar arrangements as part of transactions in the ordinary course of business. For discussion on the Company’s off-balance sheet arrangements, see “Part II – Item 7 – Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Liquidity and Capital Resources” in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010, and “Item 1 – Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) – Notes – 5. Commitments and Contingent Liabilities.”

RISK MANAGEMENT

The Company’s business activities expose it to a variety of risks, including technology, operations, credit, market, liquidity, legal, and reputational risk. Identification and management of these risks are essential to the success and financial soundness of the Company.

For a discussion on risks that the Company faces and the policies and procedures for risk identification, assessment, and management, see “Item 7 – Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Risk Management” in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010. For updated information on the Company’s credit risk and concentration risk exposures, see below. See “Item 3 – Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk” for additional information relating to market risk.

Risk is inherent in the Company’s business. Consequently, despite the Company’s efforts to identify areas of risk and implement risk management policies and procedures, there can be no assurance that the Company will not suffer unexpected losses due to operating or other risks.

Credit Risk Exposures

The Company has exposure to credit risk associated with the Company’s loans to banking clients. The Company’s mortgage loan portfolios primarily include first lien residential mortgage loans (First Mortgage portfolio) of $5.1 billion and HELOCs of $3.5 billion at March 31, 2011.

The Company’s First Mortgage portfolio underwriting requirements are generally consistent with the underwriting requirements in the secondary market for loan portfolios. The Company’s guidelines include maximum loan-to-value (LTV) ratios, cash out limits, and minimum Fair Isaac & Company (FICO) credit scores. The specific guidelines are dependent on the individual characteristics of a loan (for example, whether the property is a primary or secondary residence, whether the loan is for investment property, whether the loan is for an initial purchase of a home or refinance of an existing home, and

 

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Table of Contents

THE CHARLES SCHWAB CORPORATION

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

(Tabular Amounts in Millions, Except Ratios, or as Noted)

 

whether the loan is conforming or jumbo). These credit underwriting standards have limited the exposure to the types of loans that experienced high foreclosures and loss rates elsewhere in the industry in recent years. There have been no significant changes to the LTV ratio or FICO credit score guidelines related to the Company’s First Mortgage or HELOC portfolios during the first quarter of 2011. At March 31, 2011, the weighted-average originated LTV ratios were 60% and 59% for the First Mortgage and HELOC portfolios, respectively. The computation of the origination LTV ratio for a HELOC includes any first lien mortgage outstanding on the same property at the time of origination. At March 31, 2011, 21% of HELOCs ($742 million of the HELOC portfolio) were in a first lien position. The weighted-average originated FICO credit scores were 764 and 768 for the First Mortgage and HELOC portfolios, respectively.

The Company does not offer loans that allow for negative amortization and does not originate or purchase subprime loans (generally defined as extensions of credit to borrowers with a FICO credit score of less than 620 at origination), unless the borrower has compensating credit factors. At March 31, 2011, approximately 2% of both the First Mortgage and HELOC portfolios consisted of loans to borrowers with FICO credit scores of less than 620.

The following table presents certain of the Company’s loan quality metrics as a percentage of total outstanding loans:

 

     March 31,     December 31,  
     2011     2010  

Loan delinquencies (1)

     0.87     0.96

Nonaccrual loans

     0.56     0.58

Allowance for loan losses

     0.58     0.60

 

(1) 

Loan delinquencies are defined as loans that are 30 days or more past due.

The Company has exposure to credit risk associated with its securities available for sale and securities held to maturity portfolios, whose fair values totaled $26.0 billion and $16.7 billion at March 31, 2011, respectively. These portfolios include U.S. agency and non-agency residential mortgage-backed securities, U.S. agency notes, corporate debt securities, asset-backed securities, and certificates of deposit. U.S. agency residential mortgage-backed securities do not have explicit credit ratings, however management considers these to be of the highest credit quality and rating given the guarantee of principal and interest by the U.S. agencies. Included in non-agency residential mortgage-backed securities are securities collateralized by loans that are considered to be “Prime” (defined by the Company as loans to borrowers with a FICO credit score of 620 or higher at origination), and “Alt-A” (defined by the Company as Prime loans with reduced documentation at origination).

 

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Table of Contents

THE CHARLES SCHWAB CORPORATION

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

(Tabular Amounts in Millions, Except Ratios, or as Noted)

 

The table below presents the credit ratings for U.S. agency and non-agency residential mortgage-backed securities available for sale and securities held to maturity, including Prime and Alt-A residential mortgage-backed securities, by year of origination. In some instances securities have divergent ratings from Moody’s, Fitch, or Standard & Poor’s. In these instances, the Company has used the lowest rating as of March 31, 2011, for purposes of presenting the table below. Residential mortgage-backed securities, particularly Alt-A securities, experienced continued deteriorating credit characteristics, including increased payment delinquency rates, in the first quarter of 2011. For a discussion of the impact of current market conditions on residential mortgage-backed securities, see “Current Market and Regulatory Environment.”

 

    AAA     AA to A     BBB     BB or Lower     Total  
    Amortized
Cost
    Net
Unrealized
Gain (Loss)
    Amortized
Cost
    Net
Unrealized
Loss
    Amortized
Cost
    Net
Unrealized
Loss
    Amortized
Cost
    Net
Unrealized
Loss