Edgar Filing: Towers Watson & Co.

Large accelerated filer

Accelerated filer

Non-accelerated filer

¨ (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)

Smaller reporting company

Form 10-K

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

(Mark One)

x	ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15 (d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended June 30, 2013

¨	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15 (d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission File Number: 001-34594

TOWERS WATSON & CO.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware

27-0676603

(State or other jurisdiction of

incorporation or organization)

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification No.)

875 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10022

(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)

(212) 725-7550

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class

Name of each exchange on which registered

Class A Common Stock, $0.01 par value

New York Stock Exchange

and

NASDAQ Global Select Market

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes x No ¨

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes ¨ No x

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Website, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes x No ¨

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§ 229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes ¨ No x

The aggregate market value of the registrant’s voting and non-voting common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant was approximately $3,954,873,847 based on the closing price as of the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter, December 31, 2012.

As of August 6, 2013, there were 65,351,264 outstanding shares of Class A common stock and 5,374,070 outstanding shares of Class B-4 common stock at a par value of $0.01.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE:

Portions of the definitive Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Stockholders are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Annual Report.

TOWERS WATSON & CO.

INDEX TO ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K

For the Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2013


		Page
PART I.
Item 1.	Business		1
Item 1A.	Risk Factors		12
Item 1B.	Unresolved Staff Comments		25
Item 2.	Properties		25
Item 3.	Legal Proceedings		25
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures		25
PART II.
Item 5.	Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities		25
Item 6.	Selected Financial Data		30
Item 7.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations		31
Item 7A.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk		52
Item 8.	Financial Statements and Supplementary Data		53
Item 9.	Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure		53
Item 9A.	Controls and Procedures		53
Item 9B.	Other Information		56
PART III.
Item 10.	Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance		56
Item 11.	Executive Compensation		56
Item 12.	Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters		56
Item 13.	Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence		56
Item 14.	Principal Accountant Fees and Services		56
PART IV.
Item 15.	Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules		57
Signatures			58
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm			59
Consolidated Financial Statements
Consolidated Statements of Operations—Fiscal year ended June 30, 2013, 2012, and 2011			60
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income—Fiscal year ended June 30, 2013, 2012, and 2011			61
Consolidated Balance Sheets—June 30, 2013 and June 30, 2012			62
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows—Fiscal year ended June 30, 2013, 2012, and 2011			63
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity—Fiscal year ended June 30, 2013, 2012, and 2011			64
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements			65
Certifications

Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This Annual Report contains a number of “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements include, among others, statements regarding revenue drivers, growth opportunities and operational cost savings, statements contained in sections such as: Note 5, “Goodwill and Intangible Assets”; Note 10, “Retirement Benefits”; Note 11, “Debt, Commitments and Contingent Liabilities”; Note 13, “Restricted Stock”; and Note 15, “Income Taxes” of the notes to the consolidated financial statements included in Item 15 of this Annual Report; the Executive Overview; Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates; the discussion of our capital expenditures; Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements and Contractual Obligations; Liquidity and Capital Resources; Risk Management; and Part I, Item 3 “Legal Proceedings”. You can identify these statements and other forward-looking statements in this filing by words such as “may”, “will”, “expect”, “anticipate”, “believe”, “estimate”, “plan”, “intend”, “continue”, or similar words, expressions or the negative of such terms or other comparable terminology. You should read these statements carefully because they contain projections of our future results of operations or financial condition, or state other “forward-looking” information. A number of risks and uncertainties exist that could cause actual results to differ materially from the results reflected in these forward-looking statements are identified under “Risk Factors” in Item 1A of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. These statements are based on assumptions that may not come true. All forward-looking disclosure is speculative by its nature. We undertake no obligation to update any of the forward-looking information included in this Annual Report, whether as a result of new information, future events, changed expectations or otherwise.

PART I

Item 1. Business.

The Company

Towers Watson & Co. (referred to herein as “Towers Watson”, the “Company” or “we”) is a leading global professional services company that helps organizations improve performance through effective people, risk and financial management. We offer solutions in the areas of benefits, talent management, rewards, and risk and capital management. We offer our clients comprehensive services across four business segments – Benefits, Risk and Financial Services, Talent and Rewards, and Exchange Solutions – through a strong talent pool of approximately 14,500 full-time associates across 37 countries. Our professional staff, including fully accredited actuaries, are trusted advisors and experts in their fields. Towers Watson was formed on January 1, 2010, from the merger (the “Merger”) of Towers, Perrin, Forster & Crosby, Inc. (“Towers Perrin”) and Watson Wyatt Worldwide, Inc. (“Watson Wyatt”), two leading professional services firms that traced their roots back more than 100 years.

We help our clients enhance business performance in three primary ways. First, we help employers improve their ability to attract, retain and motivate qualified employees. We deliver consulting services and solutions that help organizations anticipate, identify and capitalize on emerging opportunities in benefit and human capital management. Second, we advise the insurance industry on a wide range of strategic and risk management issues, and we help our clients in all industries mitigate risk through insurance, reinsurance and capital market transactions. And we provide investment advice and solutions to help our clients develop and implement disciplined, efficient strategies to meet their investment goals. Lastly, we help employers realize cost savings related to their retiree health plans, while providing retirees with improved choice and control over their health benefits.

Our target market is generally large, multi-national and domestic companies, with particular focus on the insurance industry for our risk consulting and brokerage businesses. Our clients include many of the world’s leading corporations, including approximately 81% of the Fortune Global 500 companies and 79% of the Fortune 1000. We also advise more than three-quarters of the world’s leading insurance companies. We work with major corporations, emerging growth companies, governmental agencies and not-for-profit institutions in a wide variety of industries.

Business Overview

As leading economies worldwide become more service-oriented and interconnected, effective human resource and financial management are increasingly a source of competitive advantage for organizations. Employers, regardless of geography or industry, are facing unprecedented challenges involving the management of their people. Changing technology, expectations for innovation and quality enhancements, changing risks, skill shortages in selected areas, and an aging population in many developed countries have increased employers’ focus on attracting and retaining talented employees. Further, employers are focused on achieving productivity improvements and effectively managing the size and volatility of their labor costs. The growing demand for employee benefit and human capital management services is directly related to the size and complexity of human resource programs and the rapid changes associated with their design, financial management and administration, including health care reform in the U.S. Additionally, as organizations focus on improving business performance, they want to combine risk management and operational improvements within their overall financial management framework. It is crucial for companies and insurance carriers to link risk, capital and value in order to manage value creation and balance risk and return. These are among the primary business issues that lead employers to seek Towers Watson’s advice and solutions.

The Benefits segment is our largest segment. It provides benefits consulting and administration services through four lines of business. Retirement and Health and Group Benefits support organizations worldwide in designing, managing and administering all types of retirement and health and group benefit plans and communicating with their workforces about the plans. The International Consulting group supports multinational companies as they look to govern these plans globally and bring global strategies, efficiencies and risk management techniques to bear. The group also provides support for mergers, acquisitions and other corporate transactions. Through our Technology and Administration Solutions line of business, we deliver benefits outsourcing solutions, including administration technology and call center support. A significant portion of this segment’s revenue is from recurring work, driven in large part by our clients’ annual needs for these services. The segment also generates revenue by helping our clients with various changes driven by legislation, regulation, and changes in work force preferences. The Benefits segment contributed approximately 57% of Towers Watson’s revenue during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2013.

The Risk and Financial Services segment, our second largest, has three lines of business united by an approach that focuses on risk, capital and value. Our aim is to help clients improve business performance by effectively integrating risk management into their overall financial management framework. Risk Consulting and Software provides risk consulting and financial modeling software solutions primarily to the insurance industry. Reinsurance and Insurance Brokerage provides a range of risk transfer solutions, principally reinsurance brokerage services. Investment provides consulting and solutions focused on investment strategy, risk assessment, asset allocation, and investment manager selection to institutional investors, primarily pension plans. A significant portion of the revenue in this segment is from recurring work, driven in large part by the heavily regulated nature of the insurance industry and ongoing demand for services such as reinsurance brokerage and investment consulting. The Risk and Financial Services segment contributed approximately 23% of Towers Watson’s revenue during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2013.

The Talent and Rewards segment has three lines of business that help clients improve workforce and business performance, with a focus on getting and keeping the right people, and having them do the right things at the right cost. Executive Compensation advises our clients’ management and boards of directors on executive pay and incentive programs. Rewards, Talent and Communication provides a broad array of services including designing and implementing the pay and other human resource programs and processes that influence employees’ behavior, engagement and performance. Data, Surveys and Technology explores the workforce and workforce programs through such services as compensation benchmarking, employee opinion surveys and, human resource (HR) function metrics, and provides solutions in reward administration and talent management technology. The revenues in this segment come largely from project-based work for a stable client base. The Talent and Rewards segment contributed approximately 17% of Towers Watson’s revenue during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2013.

We created our fourth segment, Exchange Solutions, when we acquired Extend Health on May 29, 2012. Exchange Solutions operates the largest private Medicare insurance exchange in the U.S. Our core solution enables employers to transition their retirees to individual, defined contribution health plans at an annual cost that the employer controls — versus group-based, defined benefit health plans, which have uncertain annual costs. By moving to a defined contribution approach, our clients can provide their retirees with the same or better health care benefits as in the past, but at a lower overall cost. Revenues in our Exchange Solutions segment come predominantly from the commissions we receive from insurance carriers for enrolling individuals into their health plans. This revenue increases as the number of enrolled members grows. The Exchange Solutions segment contributed approximately 3% of Towers Watson’s revenue during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2013.

Towers Watson is recognized for its thought leadership and proprietary solutions. Our insights, derived from our extensive research across our four business segments, are a core part of our brand identity and are widely cited by major news outlets, including The Wall Street Journal, The New York Times, the Financial Times, BBC News and CNBC. We publish proprietary studies and white papers on topics that include employee attitudes toward the workplace, executive pay trends, health care quality and costs, the impact of enterprise risk management on business performance and strategies for managing pension risk and investments. Our research on changing demographics in major economies is helping companies prepare for the impact of these changes on costs, productivity and the ability to attract and retain talented employees.

While we are focused on maintaining our deep expertise in products and services in the areas described above, we believe our primary strength is our ability to link products and services from our various consulting areas to comprehensively meet our clients’ complex needs.

Below are total Towers Watson revenues and long-lived assets by geographic area for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2013, 2012 and 2011:


	Revenue						Long-Lived Assets
	2013		2012		2011		2013		2012		2011
North America	$	2,073,708	$	1,858,521	$	1,865,299	$	2,293,045	$	2,263,592	$	1,536,071
Europe		1,225,515		1,267,585		1,158,567		1,193,188		1,110,367		1,607,604
Other Regions		297,561		291,630		235,585		47,308		66,131		63,650

	$	3,596,784	$	3,417,736	$	3,259,451	$	3,533,541	$	3,440,090	$	3,207,325

Principal Services

As mentioned earlier, our global operations include four segments: Benefits, Risk and Financial Services, Talent and Rewards, and Exchange Solutions. The percentages of revenue generated by the various groups are as follows:


	Year ended June 30,
	2013			2012			2011
Benefits		57	%		58	%		59	%
Risk and Financial Services		23			25			24
Talent and Rewards		17			17			17
Exchange Solutions		3			N/A	*		N/A

Total Segment Revenue		100	%		100	%		100	%

*	The Exchange Solutions segment contributed $3.6 million, or less than 1 percent, of revenue, for the one month of operations included in our fiscal year 2012 results.

Benefits Segment

The Benefits segment is our largest, with over 6,900 associates. The Benefits segment generated approximately 57% of Towers Watson’s revenue for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2013. This segment has grown organically and through business combinations. Benefits consultants work with clients to create and manage cost-effective benefit programs that help them attract, retain and motivate a talented workforce, while managing the costs and financial risks associated with these programs.

The lines of business within the Benefits segment are:

•

Retirement

•

Health and Group Benefits

•

Technology and Administration Solutions

•

International Consulting

The Benefits lines of business often work closely together on client assignments, along with consultants from the Talent and Rewards and Risk and Financial Services segments. Examples of such client assignments include mergers and acquisitions, total reward program design, retiree benefit strategy, benefit program de-risking, benefits administration and benefit-related communication and change management.

Retirement

As one of the world’s leading advisors on retirement plans, we provide actuarial and consulting services for large defined benefit and defined contribution plans, including consulting on plan design, funding and risk management strategies. We also help our clients assess the effects of changing workforce demographics on their retirement plans, cash flow requirements, and retiree benefit adequacy and security.

Towers Watson is the named actuary for many of the world’s largest retirement plan sponsors. We provide actuarial services to more of the top 300 pension funds worldwide than any other consulting firm. In the U.S., we provide actuarial services to five of the six largest corporate-sponsored defined benefit plans (based on total pension plan assets), and, in the U.K., we advise 48 of the 100 largest corporate pension funds. We also have market-leading positions in Canada, Germany and the Netherlands. In 2012, we won actuarial employer of the year with three Towers Watson associates voted among the Top 30 Actuaries under 30 by Actuarial Post magazine in

the U.K. We offer clients a full range of integrated, innovative retirement consulting services to meet the needs of all types of employers — including those that continue to offer defined benefit plans and those that are reexamining their retirement benefit strategies. For clients that want to outsource some or all of their pension plan management, we offer integrated solutions that combine investment consulting, pension administration, core actuarial services, and communication and change management assistance.

Our retirement consulting services include:

•

Retirement strategy and plan design

•

Actuarial services and related support

•

Retirement plan financial management

•

Settlement solutions

•

Compliance and governance strategies

•

Risk management

•

Defined contribution solutions

Much of our recent consulting with clients relates to defining and managing pension plans to achieve a desired status (maintaining ongoing plans, continuing to sponsor frozen plans, exiting from plan sponsorship), managing risk and cost volatility, various regulatory changes (global accounting reform and U.S. and European pension funding legislation), and a broad-based desire on the part of many employers to reexamine their retirement design approach. Using in-depth data analysis, we provide perspective on the overall environment and help our clients make plan design decisions. As we have tracked the retirement designs of the largest public companies around the world over many years, we provide clients with data to better understand the true magnitude of the movement from defined benefit to defined contribution plan designs.

To ensure the consistency and efficiency of our retirement consulting service delivery in all of our offices worldwide, we dedicate significant resources to technology systems and tools. We also maintain extensive proprietary databases that enable our clients to track and benchmark benefit plan provisions. Our retirement consulting relationships are generally long-term in nature, and client retention rates for this line of business are high. Revenue for the retirement business is seasonal, as most of our work pertains to calendar-year-end reporting and compliance related to the completion of pension plan valuations; thus, the third quarter of our fiscal year is the strongest quarter. Major revenue growth drivers in this line of business include changes in regulations, economic uncertainty, increased global demand and increased market share.

Health and Group Benefits

Health and Group Benefits is the second-largest line of business in the Benefits segment. We provide plan management consulting across the full spectrum of health and group benefit programs, including health, dental, disability, life and other coverage. We provide services to large and mid-size organizations. Our consulting relationships are generally long-term in nature, and client retention rates for this line of business are high.

Our consulting approach in this business includes:

•

Broad and deep plan management and actuarial expertise

•

Robust databases of plan designs and plan performance metrics used to diagnose program performance and inform solutions

•

Investment in innovation and thought leadership to drive new market approaches

•

A continuum-of-service approaches that allow clients to choose from among packaged yet customized solutions

•

Deep specialty expertise in the areas of health management, pharmacy, absence and disability management, and benefit plan audit and measurement

Globally, many health care systems are strained by shrinking resources and increasing demand due to population aging and changes in employees’ health status — factors that have increased benefit costs for employers. Our health and group benefits consulting services help employers provide health and welfare benefits designed to attract and retain qualified employees, while controlling costs and enhancing workforce health and productivity.

In the U.S., the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) has prompted employers to reevaluate their health plan strategies in light of expanded coverage requirements and new tax considerations. Our consultants are helping clients with these strategy decisions, including how to optimize their programs and evaluate emerging coverage options, specifically publicly subsidized health insurance exchanges and private exchanges.

Given continued above-inflation-rate increases in health care costs, our consultants help employers find proven solutions for managing plan costs and engaging members in health management and cost-control. An increasing number of employers are adopting account-based approaches, increasing their emphasis on employee health engagement, and using behavior-based approaches in the design of their programs. In the U.S., the PPACA has also spawned new approaches in the ways that providers are paid – approaches, intended to improve outcomes via more efficient care and service utilization. These models put employees in charge of spending their own health care dollars and provide them with appropriate incentives, tools and information to make wise health purchasing decisions.

In addition to our consulting services, we manage a number of collective purchasing initiatives (e.g., pharmacy, stop-loss) that enable employers to realize greater value from third-party service providers than they can on their own. Our newest offering in this regard is OneExchange Active, our private health insurance exchange for active employees. This offering is integrated with other health insurance exchange offerings, OneExchange Retiree and OneExchange Access, which are provided within the Exchange Solutions segment. We have designed our health insurance exchange based on the same high performance plan principles underlying our advice to clients who choose to self-manage their health programs. Our clients now have the choice of continuing to self-manage and using our consulting services or to access high performance on our private exchange platform. Our first OneExchange Active clients will go live in 2014.

Our global services include:

•

Program strategy, design and pricing

•

Employee engagement in health benefits

•

Health condition management consulting

•

Pharmacy benefit management consulting

•

Absence and disability management consulting

•

Workforce well-being evaluation and wellness and health promotion consulting

•

Performance measurement and monitoring

•

Development of funding strategies and forecasting, budgeting and reserve setting

•

Vendor evaluation, selection and management

•

Claims audits and pre- and post-implementation audits

•

Regulatory compliance

Technology and Administration Solutions

Our Technology and Administration Solutions line of business, our third largest within the Benefits segment, provides benefits outsourcing services to hundreds of clients across multiple industries. Our world-class services are supported by our robust technology platforms, including our BenefitConnect system in the U.S., and our dedicated, onshore benefits call centers.

Supporting more than seven million plan participants and their family members, we provide:

Pension

•

Pension and retirement plan administration

•

Pension de-risking

•

Pension payroll administration

•

Treasury and accounting administration

•

Flexible benefits plan administration

•

Trustee services

•

Data clean-up

•

Benefits call centers

Health & Welfare

•

Health and welfare administration

•

Private health insurance exchange

•

Dependent eligibility verification

•

COBRA administration

•

Benefit billing

We have more than three decades of success in benefits outsourcing and were ranked a leader for the third year in a row on the Global Outsourcing 100 list. In the last two years, we were also ranked #1 and #2 in the Diversified Outsourcing Services category on Fortune magazine’s list of “World’s Most Admired Companies.” To help meet the needs of all employers, we provide flexible benefits administration delivery model options, ranging from co-sourcing to full outsourcing for pension and health and welfare benefits.

In the U.S., we are a top-tier benefits outsourcing provider and a market leader for defined benefit and health and welfare administration. Our administration technology, BenefitConnect includes case management and administration tools to help plan sponsors manage the entire life cycle, from new hire to retirement, and employee self-service tools that enhance employees’ understanding of their benefits. BenefitConnect is also the administration engine for our U.S. private health insurance exchange. We deliver fully outsourced services through three U.S. service center locations, with representatives equipped with a recently upgraded, fully integrated

technology suite and training that leverages the breadth of Towers Watson’s benefits expertise. Within the U.S., participant satisfaction with our Technology and Administration Solutions customer service centers was approximately 98% for the fiscal year ending June 30, 2013.

In the U.K., we are a leader in retirement administration outsourcing and flexible benefits administration services to the private sector. We use highly automated processes and web technology to enable benefit plan members to access their records and improve their understanding of their benefits. Our technology also provides trustees and human resources departments with timely management information to monitor activity levels and reduce administration costs. In markets outside the U.K. with more complex defined contribution arrangements, we have deployed sophisticated defined contribution technology, processes and controls. Our defined contribution administration model used in Germany and the U.K. leverages web technology and provides clients with “back office” reconciliation, while offering clients the option to outsource or co-source front-office operations as needed. Participants can access their data directly and thereby be self-sufficient in managing their portfolios.

International Consulting

To help multinational companies address the challenges of operating in the global marketplace, Towers Watson provides expertise in dealing with international human capital management, as well as related benefits and compensation advice for corporate headquarters and their overseas subsidiaries. Multinationals increasingly need to manage and govern compensation and benefit policies and practices from a global perspective, and our international consultants work with the headquarters of multinationals to develop such strategies and implement them. In addition, activities within multinationals are increasingly global in nature (e.g. mergers, acquisitions and other corporate transactions, or the implementation of a captive insurance program). Our global specialists, in cooperation with their colleagues in our local offices worldwide, help clients manage and ensure the success of such projects.

In addition to global strategy, governance and oversight, our services include:

•

Global actuarial services to well over 250 companies, which is a market leading position

•

Global total rewards and benefit design

•

Global workforce health and wellbeing

•

Defined contribution plan oversight

•

Defined benefit plan risk management and reduction strategies

•

Financing of employee benefits through pooling and captives

•

The optimization of global employee benefit management and spend

Towers Watson also has a global service offering with client-ready teams of experienced M&A practitioners across all our segments. The team has worked on hundreds of transactions across industry sectors and geographic borders and has participated in every phase, from target evaluation, through due diligence, to post-deal integration. In the past year, we have serviced over 450 clients on more than 750 M&A projects. This breadth of experience, coupled with our extensive knowledge of the employee mindset and the insurance sector, gives us a strong foundation to help organizations achieve their deal objectives. Our M&A team brings together a strong set of services to help clients evaluate and address the critical people-related issues, assets, liabilities, risks and opportunities surrounding a transaction from due diligence through full integration.

Risk and Financial Services Segment

Risk and Financial Services is our second-largest segment. Segment revenues were approximately 23% of Towers Watson’s revenue for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2013. This segment includes three lines of business:

•

Risk Consulting and Software

•

Investment

•

Reinsurance and Insurance Brokerage

We work with chief financial officers, treasurers, chief risk officers, senior actuaries, reinsurance buyers, pension plan sponsors and trustees of our clients’ organizations. Two of our lines of business, Risk Consulting and Software and Reinsurance and Insurance Brokerage, have a particular focus on the insurance industry, while Investment focuses primarily on pension plans. The three lines of business also apply their expertise to serve broader markets.

We believe that we deliver significant value to our clients by bringing together capabilities from across RFS and other parts of Towers Watson to address their key issues. For example, we combine our risk consulting and software solutions with brokerage to help insurance executives more holistically manage their capital and make better reinsurance and risk transfer decisions. And our investment experts often work with colleagues in our Benefits segment on retirement financial management issues. In the future, we will look for more opportunities to combine our services to anticipate and address client needs in innovative ways.

We combine Towers Watson’s innovative actuarial thinking with a range of financial modeling software products. The combination offers comprehensive solutions that enable our insurance clients to price their products, measure value, manage risk and monitor capital adequacy. We use these tools internally for consulting projects and license them to clients around the world. With our January 2011 acquisition of EMB, Towers Watson has been able to offer the property & casualty insurance industry’s widest range of analytical software products designed to give users a competitive advantage.

Risk Consulting and Software

Risk Consulting and Software, the largest line of business within Risk and Financial Services, serves the insurance industry. Our associates use strong analytical skills, proven consulting techniques and software solutions to help our clients improve business performance. We serve three-quarters of the world’s top 100 insurance companies and are a leading provider of financial modeling software to the insurance industry. We have more actuaries serving the insurance industry than any other consulting firm.

Our Risk Consulting and Software services include:

•

Financial and regulatory reporting

•

Enterprise risk and capital management

•

M&A and corporate restructuring (including actuarial valuation, capital analysis and due diligence)

•

Product and market strategies (including pricing and predictive modeling)

•

Financial modeling

•

Strategy and performance improvement

•

Software solutions

•

Integrated consulting and risk transfer (with Brokerage)

We provide a wide range of enterprise risk management services to help insurance companies identify and control risks, enhance risk-adjusted returns and meet strategic objectives. We are a major provider of actuarial valuation and due diligence support for insurance industry mergers, acquisitions and restructurings. We help our clients evaluate their liabilities and economic capital requirements for financial reporting and management purposes. We also help them respond to regulatory changes that affect financial reporting. And we provide other services, including product development, predictive modeling, strategies for entry into new markets, claim consulting and catastrophe modeling. We help non-insurance entities with risk management issues, such as evaluating and optimizing their insurance programs as part of their overall risk and capital management processes, and designing and implementing risk mitigation strategies to align their risk profile with overall financial objectives. And we are extending our offerings into new areas — including telematics and usage-based insurance — building on our traditional strengths in modeling and data analysis.

Investment

Investment is the second largest line of business within the Risk and Financial Services segment. Our Investment business helps our clients manage investment complexity, establish their risk tolerance and improve governance.

We have one of the industry’s largest investment consulting businesses. Our business is focused on creating value for institutional investors by providing objective, best-in-class investment advice. We provide coordinated investment strategy advice — based on our expertise in risk assessment, asset-liability modeling, strategic asset allocation policy setting and investment manager selection — to some of the world’s largest pension funds and institutional investors.

Our Investment services include:

•

Investment policy, governance and risk assessment

•

Investment strategy

•

Structured products design

•

Manager structure and selection

•

Manager monitoring and evaluation (including performance reporting)

•

Delegated investment services

Our more than 150 investment research professionals across the world’s major markets are experienced in economic, capital market and manager research. With deep specialist expertise in asset management, economic forecasting and actuarial science, we provide practical advice tailored to meet the specific needs of each advisory client. For clients looking to outsource responsibility for investment decision-making and/or implementation, our delegated investment services enable investors to build and maintain diversified investment portfolios customized to their risk preferences. While Investment clients primarily include defined benefit and defined contribution pension plans, we have seen significant growth potential in expanding our services to other institutional investors including insurance companies, wealth management companies, endowment funds and sovereign wealth funds and we are continuing to enhance our capabilities in these areas. The Investment team was further expanded with the acquisition of Oxford Investment Partners (OXIP) in February 2013, a multi-manager fund-of-funds business serving UK investors, which increased our investment execution capabilities and strengthened our leadership position in the fiduciary management market.

Reinsurance and Insurance Brokerage

Reinsurance and Insurance Brokerage is the third largest line of business in the Risk and Financial Services segment. Our Brokerage business primarily serves as an intermediary between our clients and the insurance, reinsurance and capital markets. The substantial majority of our business is providing global reinsurance intermediary services and consulting expertise. We provide intermediary services for all major lines of property & casualty insurance and maintain trading relationships with more than 200 reinsurers and Lloyd’s underwriters.

Our Brokerage services include:

•

Reinsurance strategy, program review, design and placement

•

Contract negotiation, claims and accounting

•

Catastrophe exposure management and modeling

•

Market security evaluation and monitoring

•

Rating agency advisory

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Primary insurance intermediary services for corporations and public entities

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Programs, facilities and binding authorities

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Capital markets broker/dealer capabilities

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Integrated consulting and risk transfer (with Risk Consulting and Software)

In addition to our insurance and reinsurance intermediary services and consulting, we provide capital market broker/dealer capabilities. We help our clients make informed decisions about risk and capital management and execute comprehensive solutions that achieve broad coverage at competitive prices. Our integrated approach to risk and capital management helps our clients allocate, use and protect the capital they need to achieve their financial objectives.

While most of our clients are insurance companies, our Brokerage business also places insurance for corporate and public entity clients. We have offices in North America and Europe to serve clients and access all major insurance markets. Our London office places reinsurance for Lloyd’s Syndicates and European insurance companies. In addition, it acts as a correspondent broker, placing reinsurance for North American companies into Lloyd’s of London. Together with Risk Consulting and Software, our Brokerage business has an on-the-ground presence in Bermuda to serve this important market.

Talent and Rewards Segment

Our third segment, Talent and Rewards, generated approximately 17% of Towers Watson’s revenue for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2013. This segment includes three lines of business:

•

Executive Compensation

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Rewards, Talent and Communication

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Data, Surveys and Technology

Executive Compensation

We advise our clients’ management and boards of directors on all aspects of executive pay programs, including base pay, annual bonuses, long-term incentives, perquisites and other benefits. We help clients understand market practices in these areas. Given that companies in all world regions face scrutiny of executive pay from shareholders, regulators and other stakeholders, our focus is on aligning pay plans with the organization’s business strategy and driving desired performance. Our services include executive compensation philosophy and strategy development, modeling and valuation of pay plan elements, performance measurement selection and calibration, board of director compensation and plan design, advice on change-in-control and severance programs, and total compensation assessment and benchmarking. We also provide clients with executive-pay-related support associated with various transactions, including mergers, acquisitions, divestitures, executive transitions and business restructuring.

Our global network of executive pay practitioners — including consultants on the ground in key countries worldwide supported by research and data covering the world’s top markets — provides comprehensive solutions to our clients. We have dedicated in-house experts on legislative and regulatory requirements, tax and accounting issues, proxy advisor policies, disclosure rules and other considerations in designing executive pay programs. Whether we are retained by the board’s compensation committee or by management, our extensive consulting protocols help ensure that our clients receive fully independent, objective advice.

Rewards, Talent and Communication

This line of business offers a broad array of advisory services focused on designing and implementing HR programs and processes. Our solutions cover the employment lifecycle and help companies attract and deploy talent, engage them over time; manage and reward their performance, develop their skills, provide them with relevant career paths, communicate with them and manage organizational change initiatives.

Our primary practice areas are:

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Talent Management. We help organizations develop integrated programs and processes to identify and address their leadership and workforce needs; develop leaders and employees; and align roles, goals and incentives for employees and leaders with the critical drivers of business performance.

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Rewards. We provide the tools, advisory services and execution support to help organizations design and administer effective compensation programs. We help clients optimize their reward spend and ensure their programs drive the behaviors and performance required to meet business goals. Our sales effectiveness and rewards service offering focuses on sales force productivity and incentives. The rewards practice also has focused teams who serve the health care, high technology and financial services industries.

•

Communication and Change Management. Applying their deep expertise in change management, organizational effectiveness and communication, our communication and change management consultants helps our clients drive employee engagement and align employee behavior with business results.

Data, Surveys and Technology

This line of business combines data, analytics and software to enable the effective management of people and HR programs.

This business includes our global compensation databases; offerings in employee surveys, human capital metrics and analytics benchmarking and HR service delivery consulting, as well as software applications for talent, performance and compensation management. These services generate recurring revenue by leveraging data, technology and a pool of staff resources that is flexibly deployed.

We provide data on compensation, benefits, and HR policies and practices in 110 countries across six continents, covering over 40 industry sectors, 50 functions/job families and 4,200 international general industry and 9,900 industry-specific jobs (disciplines/career levels). Underpinned by our extensive network of regional survey experts and local consulting offices, each country’s surveys provide decision-quality data and interpretation reflecting local laws and practices. Our survey data support global clients wherever they do business.

Our HR service delivery consulting services help employers design and implement the human resource organizational structure, service delivery model, staff and technology they need to meet the needs of the organization and employees efficiently and effectively. We support clients in developing HR technology strategy, implementing Workday, and providing consulting support related to implementation of other platforms. Our capabilities include business case development, project planning, requirements definition, process design and implementation services supported by our change management expertise.

We also provide a broad array of proprietary technology solutions, including:

•

Talent|REWARD, an integrated suite of applications for recruiting, performance management, global job leveling, compensation planning and administration, succession planning, career development, and learning management

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Total rewards portals and statements

•

Onboarding applications

•

HR and employee portals

Exchange Solutions Segment

Our fourth segment, Exchange Solutions, generated approximately 3% of Towers Watson’s revenue for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2013. We are redefining the manner in which employee and retiree health benefits are offered and delivered. Our solutions create cost savings for our employer clients and provide our individual customers with improved choice and control over their health benefits.

Our core solution within this Segment, OneExchange Retiree, enables our employer clients to transition their retirees to individual, defined contribution health plans that provide individuals with a tax-free allowance or “contribution” to spend on health care services at an annual cost that the employer controls as opposed to group-based, defined benefit health plans that provide groups of individuals

with healthcare benefits at an uncertain annual cost. With our OneExchange Retiree solution, our clients can provide their retirees with the same or better healthcare benefits at a lower cost than before. We have provided an effective alternative to traditional group Medicare health plans for private and public sector clients, including Fortune 500 companies. We have helped hundreds of thousands of retirees and their dependents navigate the individual retiree medical insurance market, and evaluate and choose a health plan using our proprietary exchange platform and decision support tools. In addition, this line of business is developing and expanding its solutions to address the pre-65 retiree, or early retiree, and are working on exchange opportunities for active employee.

This line of business provides solutions through a proprietary technology platform, which integrates patented call routing technology, efficient Medicare quoting and an enrollment engine, a custom-developed CRM system and comprehensive insurance carrier connectivity. Exchange Solutions services include:

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Analyzing and optimizing employer healthcare benefit subsidies and developing healthcare coverage strategies that enables our clients to predict their healthcare liabilities and realize significant cost savings by transitioning their retirees to defined contribution plans

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Managing an exchange of over 85 national and regional insurance carriers offering thousands of health plans that compete on price, coverage and quality

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Simplifying the complexities of Medicare by helping individuals navigate through a meaningful choice of health plans using our proprietary software to analyze employer subsidies, health plan details and individuals’ doctor, hospital and prescription drug needs

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Offering enrollment services that match an individual’s health status and financial resources to a specific plan while giving unbiased guidance about these expanded healthcare options

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Providing lifelong advocacy and support services for all enrollees as they engage with insurance carriers beginning with their initial enrollment and continuing as their healthcare needs evolve

Competition

The human capital and risk management consulting and reinsurance brokerage industries are highly competitive. We believe there are significant barriers to entry and we have developed competitive advantages in providing HR consulting services. However, we face strong competition from several sources.

Our principal competitors in the global HR consulting industry are Mercer HR Consulting (a Marsh & McLennan company) and Aon Hewitt Consulting (an Aon company). The industry also includes other benefit and compensation firms and the human resource consulting divisions of diversified professional service firms, including Deloitte, Accenture and PricewaterhouseCoopers. Beyond these large players, the global HR consulting industry is highly fragmented.

Our major competitors in the insurance consulting and solutions industry include Milliman, Oliver Wyman (a Marsh & McLennan company) and the big four accounting firms. In the reinsurance brokerage industry, our major competitors are Aon Benfield (an Aon company), Guy Carpenter (a Marsh & McLennan company) and Willis. Aon Hewitt, buckconsultants (a Xerox Company), Connextions (a United Healthcare company) and Mercer (a Marsh & McClennan company) are our primary competitors in the insurance exchange industry. With the implementation of the Affordable Care Act, we will also be competing with the public exchanges run by the federal and state governments of the United States.

The market for our services is subject to change as a result of economic, regulatory and legislative changes, technological developments, and increased competition from established and new competitors. We believe the primary factors in selecting a human resources or risk management consulting firm or reinsurance broker include reputation, the ability to provide measurable increases to shareholder value and return on investment, global scale, quality of service and the ability to tailor services to clients’ unique needs. We believe we compete favorably with respect to these factors.

Executive Officers of the Company

As of August 14, 2013, the following individuals were executive officers of the Company:

James K. Foreman (age 55) has served as Managing Director of the North, Central and South America regions of Towers Watson since April 1, 2011 and, immediately prior to that, was Managing Director of the North America region. Prior to the Merger, Mr. Foreman served as Managing Director of the Human Capital Group of Towers Perrin beginning June 2007, with overall responsibility for the global lines of business and geographic operations of Towers Perrin’s Human Capital Group. Mr. Foreman joined Towers Perrin in 1985 and worked for almost 20 years at Towers Perrin in a number of leadership positions, including Managing Director of

Towers Perrin’s Health & Welfare practice and member of Towers Perrin’s board of directors from 2003 to 2005, before joining Aetna Inc. in 2005 to become the executive vice president of its national businesses division. He rejoined Towers Perrin in June 2007. Mr. Foreman holds a B.A. in Business Economics from the University of California at Los Angeles.

Julie J. Gebauer (age 52) has served as Managing Director of Towers Watson’s Talent and Rewards business segment since January 1, 2010. Beginning in 2002, she served as a Managing Director of Towers Perrin and led Towers Perrin’s global Workforce Effectiveness Practice and the global Towers Perrin-International Survey Research Corporation line of business. Ms. Gebauer was a member of Towers Perrin’s board of directors from 2003 through 2006. She joined Towers Perrin in 1986 as a consultant and held several leadership positions at Towers Perrin, serving as the Managing Principal for the New York office from 1999 to 2001 and the U.S. East Region Leader for the Human Capital Group from 2002 to 2006. Ms. Gebauer is a fellow of the Society of Actuaries and is an Enrolled Actuary in the Joint Board for Enrolled Actuaries. Ms. Gebauer graduated Phi Beta Kappa from the University of Nebraska-Lincoln with a B.S. in Mathematics.

Patricia L. Guinn (age 58) has served as Managing Director of the Risk and Financial Services business segment of Towers Watson since January 1, 2010. Previously, she served as Managing Director of the Risk and Financial Services business group of Towers Perrin beginning in 2001. She was a member of Towers Perrin’s board of directors from 2001 through 2004 and from 2007 until the consummation of the Merger. She joined Towers Perrin in 1976 and has held a number of leadership positions at the company. She is a fellow of the Society of Actuaries, a member of the American Academy of Actuaries and a member of the Conference of Consulting Actuaries. Ms. Guinn graduated with honors from Hendrix College with a B.A. degree in Mathematics.

John J. Haley (age 63) has served as the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board of Directors of Towers Watson since January 1, 2010, and as President since October 3, 2011. Previously, he served as President and Chief Executive Officer of Watson Wyatt beginning on January 1, 1999, as Chairman of the Board of Watson Wyatt beginning in 1999 and as a director of Watson Wyatt beginning in 1992. Mr. Haley joined Watson Wyatt in 1977. Prior to becoming President and Chief Executive Officer of Watson Wyatt, he was the Global Director of the Benefits Group at Watson Wyatt. Mr. Haley is a Fellow of the Society of Actuaries, and a member of the American Academy of Actuaries and the Conference of Consulting Actuaries. He is also a co-author of Fundamentals of Private Pensions (University of Pennsylvania Press). Mr. Haley also serves on the boards of MAXIMUS, Inc., a provider of health and human services program management, consulting services and system solutions, and Hudson Global, Inc., an executive search, specialty staffing and related consulting services firm. He has an A.B. in Mathematics from Rutgers College and studied under a Fellowship at the Graduate School of Mathematics at Yale University.

Kirkland L. Hicks (age 41) has served as Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary of Towers Watson since November 2012. From July 2011 to October 2012, he served as chair of Towers Watson’s Diversity and Inclusion Council for the Americas. Mr. Hicks was previously the Managing Counsel-Commercial, Americas for Towers Watson from January 2010 to November 2012. Prior to that, he was Senior Counsel and head of Commercial Law at Watson Wyatt Worldwide, Inc. from May 2000 to December 2009. Mr. Hicks was previously an attorney with major law firms from 1997 to 2000. He has a B.S. in computer science from North Carolina A&T State University and a J.D. from Duke University School of Law, where he serves on the board of visitors. Mr. Hicks has also completed an executive leadership program at Harvard Business School. He is a member of the District of Columbia, Maryland and Virginia (corporate counsel) bars, the American Corporate Counsel Association and The Conference Board Council of Chief Legal Officers.

Roger F. Millay (age 55) has served as Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Towers Watson since January 1, 2010, and he previously held the same position at Watson Wyatt from August 2008 until the consummation of the Merger. Prior to joining Watson Wyatt, Mr. Millay was with Discovery Communications LLC, a global cable TV programmer and digital media provider, where he served as Senior Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer beginning in 2006. At Discovery, he was responsible for the global financial functions, including accounting, treasury, budgeting, audit and tax. From 1999 to 2006, Mr. Millay was Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer with Airgas, Inc., an industrial gases and supplies distributor and producer. Mr. Millay has over 25 years of experience in financial officer positions, including roles at Arthur Young & Company, Citigroup, and GE Capital. He holds a B.A. degree from the University of Virginia and an M.S. in Accounting from Georgetown University’s Graduate School of Business, and he is a Certified Public Accountant.

Paul G. Morris (age 49) has served as Managing Director for Towers Watson in Europe, the Middle East and Africa since September 1, 2011. Previously, he served as Director, Consulting Services, for Towers Watson beginning January 1, 2010. Mr. Morris served as a Managing Consultant of Watson Wyatt from 2005 until the consummation of the Merger. He joined The Wyatt Company in 1988. Following the establishment of the global Watson Wyatt Worldwide alliance in 1995, Mr. Morris served as a Senior Consultant of Watson Wyatt Partners from 1995 through 1999 and became a partner in 1999. Mr. Morris is a Fellow of the Society of Actuaries, a Member of the Institute of Actuaries, and has a B.A. in Applied Mathematics from Harvard College and an M.Sc. in Applied Mathematics from Harvard Graduate School of Arts and Sciences.

Gene H. Wickes (age 61) has served as the Managing Director of the Benefits business segment of Towers Watson since January 1, 2010. Previously, he served as the Global Director of the Benefits Practice of Watson Wyatt beginning in 2005 and as a member of

Watson Wyatt’s board of directors from 2002 to 2007. Mr. Wickes was Watson Wyatt’s Global Retirement Practice Director in 2004 and the U.S. West Division’s Retirement Practice Leader from 1997 to 2004. Mr. Wickes joined Watson Wyatt in 1996 as a senior consultant and consulting actuary. Prior to joining Watson Wyatt, he spent 18 years with Towers Perrin, where he assisted organizations with welfare, retirement, and executive benefit issues. Mr. Wickes is a Fellow of the Society of Actuaries and has a B.S. in Mathematics and Economics, an M.S. in Mathematics and an M.S. in Economics, all from Brigham Young University.

Employees

We employed approximately 14,500 full-time associates as of June 30, 2013 in the segments listed below; in addition, we have a number of part-time and contract associates whose numbers fluctuate in response to short-term demands.


	As of June 30,
	2013		2012
Benefits		6,900		6,600
Risk and Financial Services		2,500		2,500
Talent and Rewards		2,400		2,400
Exchange Solutions		300		300
Other		300		300
Business Services (incl. Corporate and field support)		2,100		2,100

Total associates		14,500		14,200

Access to Public Filings, Code of Business Conduct and Ethics and Board Committee Charters

Our annual report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and any amendments to those reports are available, without charge, on our web site (www.towerswatson.com) as soon as reasonably practicable after they are electronically filed with, or furnished to, the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). These reports are also available without charge on the SEC web site (www.sec.gov). We have adopted a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics applicable to all associates, senior financial employees, the principal executive officer, other officers and members of senior management. We also have a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics that applies to all of our directors. Both codes are posted on our website. Any amendments to the codes or any waivers of the director code requirements, or to the Code of Business Conduct and Ethics for any of our Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, or our Chief Accounting Officer and Controller will be disclosed on our website or in a Form 8-K. Towers Watson’s Audit Committee, Compensation Committee, Nominating and Governance Committee and Risk Committee all operate pursuant to written charters adopted by our board of directors, which are available on our website. We have also adopted a set of Corporate Governance Guidelines, copies of which are available on our website. Copies of all of these documents are also available, without charge, from our Investor Relations Department at 901 N. Glebe Road, Arlington, VA 22203.

Item 1A — Risk Factors.

In addition to the factors discussed elsewhere in this Annual Report, the following are some of the important factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those projected in any forward-looking statements. These risk factors should be carefully considered in evaluating our business. The descriptions below are not the only risks and uncertainties that we face. Additional risks and uncertainties that are presently unknown to us may also impair our business operations, financial condition or results. If any of the risks and uncertainties below or other risks were to occur, our business operations, financial condition or results of operations could be materially and adversely impacted.

Demand for our services could decrease for various reasons, including a general economic downturn, a decline in a client’s or an industry’s financial condition or prospects, or a decline in defined benefit pension plans that could materially adversely affect our results of operations.

We can give no assurance that the demand for our services will grow or that we will compete successfully with our existing competitors, new competitors or our clients’ internal capabilities. Client demand for our services may change based on the clients’ needs and financial conditions.

Our results of operations are affected directly by the level of business activity of our clients, which in turn are affected by the level of economic activity in the industries and markets that they serve. Economic slowdowns in some markets, particularly in the United States, have caused and may continue to cause reduction in discretionary spending by our clients, result in longer client payment terms, an increase in late payments by clients and an increase in uncollectible accounts receivable, each of which may reduce the demand for our services, increase price competition and adversely impact our growth, profit margins and liquidity. If our clients enter bankruptcy or liquidate their operations (which has already occurred with respect to some of our current clients), our revenues could be materially adversely affected.

In addition, the demand for many of our core benefit services, including compliance-related services, is affected by government regulation and taxation of employee benefit plans. Significant changes in tax or social welfare policy or other regulations could lead some employers to discontinue their employee benefit plans, including defined benefit pension plans, thereby reducing the demand for our services. A simplification of regulations or tax policy also could reduce the need for our services.

We could be subject to claims arising from our work, as well as government inquiries and investigations, which could materially adversely affect our reputation, business and financial condition.

Professional services providers, including those in the human capital and risk management sectors such as Towers Watson, depend in large part on their relationships with clients and their reputation for high-quality services. Clients that may become dissatisfied with our services may terminate their business relationships with us and clients and third parties that claim they suffered damages caused by our services may bring lawsuits against us. The nature of our work, particularly our actuarial services, necessarily involves the use of assumptions and the preparation of estimates relating to future and contingent events, the actual outcome of which we cannot know in advance. Our actuarial services also rely on substantial amounts of data provided by clients, the accuracy and quality of which we cannot ensure. In addition, we could make computational, software programming or data management errors in connection with the services we provide to clients.

Clients may seek to hold us responsible for the financial consequences of variances between assumptions and estimates and actual outcomes or for errors. For example, clients may make:

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Claims that actuarial assumptions were unreasonable or that there were computational errors leading to pension plan underfunding or under-reserving for insurance claim liabilities;

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Claims of failure to review adequately or detect deficiencies in data, which could lead to an underestimation of pension plan or insurance claim liabilities; and

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Claims that employee benefit plan documents were misinterpreted or plan amendments were faulty, leading to unintended plan benefits or overpayments to beneficiaries.

Given that we frequently work with large pension funds and insurance companies, relatively small percentage errors or variances can create significant financial variances and result in significant claims for unintended or unfunded liabilities. The risks from such variances or errors could be aggravated in an environment of declining pension fund asset values and insurance company capital levels. In almost all cases, our exposure to liability with respect to a particular engagement is substantially greater than the revenue opportunity that the engagement generates for us.

In the case of liability for pension plan actuarial errors, a client’s claims might focus on the client’s alleged reliance that actuarial assumptions were reasonable and, based on such reliance, the client made benefit commitments the client may later claim are not affordable or funding decisions that result in plan underfunding if and when actual outcomes vary from actuarial assumptions.

Lawsuits arising out of any of our services could adversely affect our financial performance and financial condition and could result in increased insurance costs or a reduction in the amount of available insurance coverage. In addition to defense costs and liability exposure, which may be significant, claims may produce negative publicity that could hurt our reputation and business and could require substantial amounts of management attention, which could affect management’s focus on operations.

Finally, we may be subject to inquiries and investigations by federal, state or other governmental agencies regarding aspects of our clients’ businesses or our own businesses, especially regulated businesses such as our broker-dealer and investment advisory services. Such inquiries or investigations may consume significant management time and result in regulatory sanctions, fines or other actions as well as significant legal fees, which could have a material adverse impact on our business, results of operations and liquidity.

We could have liability or our reputation could be damaged if we do not protect client data or information systems or if our information systems are breached.

We depend on information technology networks and systems to process, transmit and store electronic information and to communicate among our locations around the world and with our alliance partners and clients. Security breaches could lead to shutdowns or disruptions of our systems and potential unauthorized disclosure of confidential information. We also are required at times to manage, utilize and store sensitive or confidential client or employee data. As a result, we are subject to numerous U.S. and foreign jurisdiction laws and regulations designed to protect this information, such as the European Union Directive on Data Protection and various U.S. federal and state laws governing the protection of health or other individually identifiable information. If any person, including any of our associates, fails to comply with, disregards or intentionally breaches our established controls with respect to such data or otherwise mismanages or misappropriates that data, we could be subject to monetary damages, fines or criminal prosecution. Unauthorized disclosure of sensitive or confidential client or employee data, whether through systems failure, accident, employee negligence, fraud or misappropriation, could damage our reputation and cause us to lose clients. Similarly, unauthorized access to or through our

information systems or those we develop for our clients, whether by our associates or third parties, could result in significant additional expenses (including expenses relating to notification of data security breaches and costs of credit monitoring services), negative publicity, legal liability and damage to our reputation, as well as require substantial resources and effort of management, thereby diverting management’s focus and resources from business operations.

Our inability to successfully recover should we experience a disaster or other business continuity problem could cause material financial loss, loss of human capital, regulatory actions, reputational harm or legal liability.

Should we experience a disaster or other business continuity problem, such as an earthquake, hurricane, terrorist attack, pandemic, security breach, power loss, telecommunications failure or other natural or man-made disaster, our continued success will depend, in part, on the availability of our personnel, our office facilities, and the proper functioning of our computer, telecommunication and other related systems and operations. In such an event, we could experience near-term operational challenges with regard to particular areas of our operations.

In particular, our ability to recover from any disaster or other business continuity problem will depend on our ability to protect our technology infrastructure against damage from business continuity events that could have a significant disruptive effect on our operations. We could potentially lose client data or experience material adverse interruptions to our operations or delivery of services to our clients in a disaster.

We will continue to regularly assess and take steps to improve upon our business continuity plans. However, a disaster on a significant scale or affecting certain of our key operating areas within or across regions, or our inability to successfully recover should we experience a disaster or other business continuity problem, could materially interrupt our business operations and cause material financial loss, loss of human capital, regulatory actions, reputational harm, damaged client relationships or legal liability.

Damage to our reputation could damage our businesses.

Maintaining a positive reputation is critical to our ability to attract and maintain relationships with clients and associates. Damage to our reputation could therefore cause significant harm to our business and prospects. Harm to our reputation can arise from numerous sources, including, among others, employee misconduct, litigation or regulatory action, failure to deliver minimum standards of service and quality, compliance failures and unethical behavior. Negative publicity regarding us, whether or not true, may also result in harm to our prospects.

We could also suffer significant reputational harm if we fail to properly identify and manage potential conflicts of interest. The failure or perceived failure to adequately address conflicts of interest could affect the willingness of clients to deal with us, or give rise to litigation or enforcement actions. There can be no assurance that conflicts of interest will not arise in the future that could cause material harm to us.

The ongoing uncertainty and volatility in the financial markets related to the U.S. budget deficit, the European sovereign debt crisis and the state of the U.S. economic recovery may adversely affect the Company’s operating results.

Global financial markets continue to experience disruptions, including increased volatility, and diminished liquidity and credit availability. In particular, developments in Europe have created uncertainty with respect to the ability of certain European countries to continue to service their sovereign debt obligations. This debt crisis and related European financial restructuring efforts may cause the value of the Euro to deteriorate, reducing the purchasing power of our European clients and reducing the translation of Euro based revenues into U.S. dollars. For the year ended June 30, 2013, approximately 11% of our revenues were derived from countries which use the Euro as their primary currency. In the event that one or more countries were to replace the Euro with their legacy currency, then the Company’s sales in and to such countries, or Europe generally, would likely be adversely affected until stable exchange rates were established. In addition, the European crisis is contributing to instability in global credit markets. If global economic and market conditions, or economic and financial market conditions in Europe, the United States or other key markets, remain uncertain, persist, or deteriorate further, our clients may respond by suspending, delaying or reducing their expenditures, which may adversely affect our cash flows and results of operations.

The loss of key associates could damage or result in the loss of client relationships and could result in such associates competing against Towers Watson.

Our success depends on our ability to attract, retain and motivate qualified personnel, including key managers and associates. In addition, our success largely depends upon our associates’ abilities to generate business and provide quality services. In particular, our associates’ business relationships with our clients are a critical element of obtaining and maintaining client engagements. If we lose associates who manage substantial client relationships or possess substantial experience or expertise or if we are unable to successfully attract new talent, it could materially adversely affect our ability to secure and complete engagements, which would materially adversely affect our results of operations and prospects. In addition, if any of our key associates were to join a competitor or form a competing company, existing and potential clients could choose to use the services of that competitor instead of Towers Watson’s services.

There can be no assurance that confidentiality and non-solicitation/non-competition agreements signed by senior associates who were former Towers Perrin or Watson Wyatt associates before the “merger of equals” between the two entities, or agreements signed by Towers Watson associates previously or in the future, will be effective in preventing a loss of business.

Over time, the trend of employers shifting from defined benefit plans to defined contribution plans could materially adversely affect our business and results of operations.

Our retirement consulting and actuarial business comprises a substantial portion of our revenue and profit. We provide clients with actuarial and consulting services relating to both defined benefit and defined contribution pension plans. Defined benefit pension plans generally require more actuarial services than defined contribution plans because defined benefit plans typically involve large asset pools, complex calculations to determine employer costs, funding requirements and sophisticated analysis to match liabilities and assets over long periods of time. If organizations shift to defined contribution plans more rapidly than we anticipate, or if we are unable to otherwise compensate for the decline in our business that results from employers moving away from defined benefit plans, our business operations and related results of operations will be materially adversely affected.

We are subject to risks of doing business internationally.

For the year ended June 30, 2013, 47% of our revenue relates to business located outside the United States. As a result, a significant portion of our business operations is subject to foreign financial, tax and business risks, which could arise in the event of:

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Currency exchange rate fluctuations;

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Unexpected increases in taxes or changes in U.S. or foreign tax laws;

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Compliance with a variety of international laws and regulations, such as data privacy, employment regulations, trade barriers and restrictions on the import and export of technologies, as well as U.S. laws affecting the activities of U.S. companies abroad, including the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977 and sanctions programs administered by the U.S. Department of the Treasury Office of Foreign Assets Control, and similar foreign laws such as the U.K. Bribery Act;

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Absence in some jurisdictions of effective laws to protect our intellectual property rights;

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New regulatory requirements or changes in policies and local laws that materially affect the demand for our services or directly affect our foreign operations;

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Local economic and political conditions, including unusual, severe, or protracted recessions in foreign economies and inflation risk;

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The length of payment cycles and potential difficulties in collecting accounts receivable, particularly in light of the number of insolvencies in the current economic environment and the numerous bankruptcy laws to which they are subject;

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Unusual and unexpected monetary exchange controls, price controls or restrictions on transfers of cash; or

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Civil disturbance, terrorism or other catastrophic events that reduce business activity in other parts of the world.

These factors may lead to decreased revenues or profits and therefore may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Our clients could terminate or reduce our services at any time, which could decrease associate utilization, adversely impacting our profitability and results of operations.

Our clients generally are able to terminate or reduce our engagements at any time. If a client reduces the scope of, or terminates the use of, our services with little or no notice, our associate utilization will decline. In such cases, we will need to rapidly re-deploy our associates to other engagements (if possible) in order to minimize the potential negative impact on our financial performance. In addition, because a sizeable portion of our work is project-based rather than recurring in nature, our associate utilization will depend on our ability to continually secure additional engagements.

Our quarterly revenues could fluctuate while our expenses are relatively fixed.

Quarterly variations in our revenues and results of operations have occurred in the past and could occur as a result of a number of factors, such as:

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The significance of client engagements commenced and completed during a quarter;

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The seasonality of certain types of services. For example, our retirement revenues typically are more heavily weighted toward the first and fourth quarters of the calendar year, when annual actuarial valuations are required to be completed for calendar year-end companies and the related services are performed;

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The number of business days in a quarter;

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Associate hiring and utilization rates;

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Clients’ ability to terminate engagements without penalty;

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The size and scope of assignments; and

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General economic conditions.

A sizeable portion of our total operating expenses is relatively fixed, encompassing the majority of administrative, occupancy, communications and other expenses, depreciation and amortization, and salaries and employee benefits excluding fiscal year-end incentive bonuses. Therefore, a variation in the number of client assignments or in the timing of the initiation or the completion of client assignments or our inability to forecast demand can cause significant variations in quarterly operating results and could result in losses and volatility in our stock price.

Improper management of our engagements could hurt our financial results.

Most of our contracts are structured on a fixed-fee basis or a time-and-expense basis. The profitability of our fixed-fee engagements depends on our ability to correctly estimate the costs and timing required for completion of the engagements and our ability to control our costs and improve our efficiency. The profitability of the engagements that are priced on a time-and-expense basis depends on our ability to maintain competitive billing rates, as well as our ability to control our costs. If we do not correctly estimate the costs and manage the performance of our engagements, we may incur losses on individual engagements and experience lower profit margins and, as a result, our overall financial results could be materially adversely affected.

Our business will be negatively affected if we are not able to anticipate and keep pace with rapid changes in government regulations or if government regulations decrease the need for our services or increase our costs.

A material portion of our revenue is affected by statutory changes. Many areas in which we provide services are the subject of government regulation, which is constantly evolving. Changes in government and accounting regulations in the United States and the United Kingdom, two of our principal geographic markets, affecting the value, use or delivery of benefits and human capital programs, including recent changes in regulations relating to health care (such as medical plans), defined contribution plans (such as 401(k) plans), defined benefit plans (such as pension plans) or executive compensation, may materially adversely affect the demand for, or the profitability of, our services. Changes to insurance regulatory schemes, or our failure to keep pace with such changes, could negatively affect demand for services in our Risk and Financial Services business segment. For example, our continuing ability to provide investment advisory services or reinsurance brokerage services depends on compliance with the rules and regulations in each of these jurisdictions. Any failure to comply with these regulations could lead to disciplinary action, including compensating clients for loss, the imposition of fines or the revocation of the authorization to operate as well as damage to our reputation.

In addition, we have significant operations throughout the world, which further subject us to applicable laws and regulations of countries outside the United States and the United Kingdom. Changes in legislation or regulations and actions by regulators in particular countries, including changes in administration and enforcement policies, could require operational improvements or modifications, which may result in higher costs or hinder our ability to operate our business in those countries.

If we are unable to adapt our services to applicable laws and regulations, our ability to provide effective services in these areas will be substantially diminished.

Our business could be negatively affected by recently enacted or future legislative or regulatory activity concerning compensation consultants.

Recent legislative and regulatory activity in the United States has focused on the independence of compensation consultants retained to provide advice to compensation committees of publicly traded companies. In 2009, the SEC published final rules, which became effective in 2010, with respect to issuer disclosures on compensation consultants. Among other requirements, the rules require disclosure of fees paid to compensation consultants as well as a description of any additional services provided to the issuer by the compensation consultant and its affiliates and the aggregate fees paid for such services. Due in part to this regulation and continued legislative activity, prior to the Merger, some clients of Towers Perrin and Watson Wyatt and, after the Merger, some clients of Towers Watson decided to terminate their relationships with the respective company (either with respect to compensation consulting services or with respect to other consulting services) to avoid perceived or potential conflicts of interest.

In addition, in 2010, the U.S. President signed into law the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, which requires the SEC to issue rules directing national securities exchanges and associations to require the compensation committee of a listed company to consider the independence of an advisor when selecting a compensation consultant. The SEC was also required to identify factors affecting independence.

In 2012, the SEC issued final rules to implement these provisions of the Dodd-Frank Act pertaining to the role of, and certain disclosure relating to, compensation consultants. The final rules require the national security exchanges to adopt listing standards

requiring a company’s compensation committee to consider certain independence factors, including whether the compensation consultant’s firm provides other services to the company, before selecting a compensation consultant. These rules also require a company to disclose in its proxy statement whether its compensation committee has retained or obtained the advice of a compensation consultant, whether the work of the compensation consultant raised any conflicts of interest, and if so, the nature of the conflicts and how any such conflicts are being addressed.

In January 2013, the SEC approved new listing standards of the New York Stock Exchange and The Nasdaq Stock Market consistent with the final SEC rules and which require the compensation committee to consider the independence of advisors, including compensation consultants, as described above. Effective July 1, 2013, listed companies’ compensation committees are not permitted to select, or receive advice from, an adviser unless the compensation committee has conducted the independence assessment that the new listing standards require.

The final rules and the newly-adopted listing standards do not require that the selected compensation consultant be independent, only that the compensation committee considers independence before selecting a compensation consultant. However, if companies’ compensation committees elect to engage compensation consultants that do not perform any other services for the company, then this could cause additional clients to terminate their relationships with Towers Watson (either with respect to compensation consulting services or with respect to other consulting services) to avoid perceived or potential conflicts of interest. If this happens, the future termination of such relationships could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

In addition, due in part to such regulation and continued legislative activity, some former Towers Perrin, Watson Wyatt or Towers Watson consultants terminated their relationships with us, and many have begun to compete with us or have indicated that they intend to compete with us. Such talent migration, and any future such talent migration, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Competition could result in loss of our market share and reduced profitability.

The markets for our principal services are highly competitive. Our competitors include other human capital and risk management consulting and actuarial firms, as well as the human capital and risk management divisions of diversified professional services, insurance, brokerage and accounting firms. Some of our competitors have greater financial, technical and marketing resources than us, which could enhance their ability to finance acquisitions, fund internal growth and respond more quickly to professional and technological changes. Some competitors have or may develop a lower cost structure. New competitors or alliances among competitors could emerge, creating additional competition and gaining significant market share, resulting in a loss of business for us and a corresponding decline in revenues and profit margin. In order to respond to increased competition and pricing pressure, we may have to lower our prices, which would also have an adverse effect on our revenues and profit margin.

Consolidation in the industries that we serve could materially adversely affect our business.

Companies in the industries that we serve may seek to achieve economies of scale and other synergies by combining with or acquiring other companies. If two or more of our clients merge or consolidate and combine their operations, we may experience a decrease in the amount of services we perform for these clients. If one of our clients merges or consolidates with a company that relies on another provider for its services, we may lose work from that client or lose the opportunity to gain additional work. The increased market power of larger companies could also increase pricing and competitive pressures on us. Any of these possible results of industry consolidation could materially adversely affect our revenues and profits. Our reinsurance brokerage business is especially susceptible to this risk given the limited number of insurance companies seeking reinsurance and reinsurance providers in the marketplace.

Our growth strategy depends, in part, on our ability to make acquisitions, and if we have difficulty in acquiring, overpay for, or are unable to acquire other businesses, our business may be materially adversely affected.

Our growth depends in part on our ability to make acquisitions. We may not be successful in identifying appropriate acquisition candidates or consummating acquisitions on terms acceptable or favorable to us, on the proposed timetables, or at all. We also face additional risks related to acquisitions such as our acquisition of Extend Health, Inc., including that we could overpay for acquired businesses and that any acquired business could significantly underperform relative to our expectations. If we are unable to identify and successfully make acquisitions, our business could be materially adversely affected.

We face risks when we acquire or divest businesses, and may have difficulty integrating or managing acquired businesses, which may harm our business, financial condition, results of operations or reputation.

We may acquire other companies or divest certain businesses in the future. We cannot be certain that our acquisitions will be accretive to earnings or that our acquisitions or divestitures will otherwise meet our operational or strategic expectations. Acquisitions involve special risks, including the potential assumption of unanticipated liabilities and contingencies and difficulties in integrating acquired businesses, and acquired businesses may not achieve the levels of revenue, profit or productivity we anticipate or otherwise perform as we expect. In addition, if the operating performance of an acquired business deteriorates significantly, we may need to write down the value of the goodwill and other acquisition-related intangible assets recorded on our balance sheet.

We may be unable to effectively integrate an acquired business, such as the Extend Health business, into our organization, and may not succeed in managing such acquired businesses or the larger company that results from such acquisitions. The process of integration of an acquired business may subject us to a number of risks, including:

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Diversion of management attention;

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Amortization of intangible assets, adversely affecting our reported results of operations;

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Inability to retain the management, key personnel and other employees of the acquired business;

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Inability to establish uniform standards, controls, systems, procedures and policies;

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Inability to retain the acquired company’s clients;

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Exposure to legal claims for activities of the acquired business prior to acquisition; and

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Incurrence of additional expenses in connection with the integration process.

If acquisitions are not successfully integrated, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely affected, as well as our professional reputation.

We advise or act on behalf of clients regarding investments whose results are not guaranteed, and clients that experience investment return shortfalls may assert claims against us.

We provide advice on both asset allocation and selection of investment managers. For some clients, we are responsible for making decisions on both these matters, or we may serve in a fiduciary capacity. Asset classes may experience poor absolute performance, and investment managers may underperform their benchmarks; in both cases the investment return shortfall can be significant. Clients experiencing this underperformance may assert claims against us, and such claims may be for significant amounts. Defending against these claims can involve potentially significant costs, including legal defense costs. Our ability to limit our potential liability may be limited in certain jurisdictions or in connection with claims involving breaches of fiduciary duties or other alleged errors or omissions.

Our investment activities may require specialized operational competencies, and if we fail to properly execute our role in cash and investment management, our clients or third parties may assert claims against us.

For certain clients, we are responsible for some portions of cash and investment management, including rebalancing of investment portfolios and guidance to third parties on structure of derivatives and securities transactions. Our failure to properly execute our role can cause monetary damage to our clients or such third parties for which we might be found liable, and such claims may be for significant amounts. Defending against these claims can involve potentially significant costs, including legal defense costs. Our ability to limit our potential liability may be constrained in certain jurisdictions.

Towers Watson is engaged in providing services outside the core human capital and risk management businesses previously conducted by Towers Perrin and Watson Wyatt, which may carry greater risk of liability.

We continue to grow the business of providing professional services to institutional investors and financial services companies. The risk of claims from these lines of business may be greater than from our core human capital and risk management business, and such claims may be for significant amounts. For example, we may assist a pension plan to hedge its exposure to changes in interest rates. If the hedge does not perform as expected, we could be exposed to claims. Contractual provisions intended to mitigate risk may not be enforceable.

Our business faces rapid technological change, and our failure to respond to this change quickly could materially adversely affect our business.

To remain competitive in the business lines in which we engage, we have to identify and offer the most current technologies and methodologies. In some cases, significant technology choices and investments are required. If we do not respond correctly, quickly or in a cost-effective manner, our business and results of operations might be harmed.

The effort to gain technological expertise and develop new technologies in our business may require us to incur significant expenses and, in some cases, to implement these new technologies globally, particularly with respect to the integration activities that are ongoing in connection with the Merger. If we cannot offer new technologies as quickly or effectively as our competitors, we could lose market share. We also could lose market share if our competitors develop more cost-effective technologies than we will offer or develop.

Limited protection of our intellectual property could harm our business, and we face the risk that our services or products may infringe upon the intellectual property rights of others.

We cannot guarantee that trade secret, trademark and copyright law protections are adequate to deter misappropriation of our intellectual property (including our software, which may become an increasingly important part of our business). Existing laws of some countries in which we provide services or products may offer only limited protection of our intellectual property rights. Redressing infringements may consume significant management time and financial resources. Also, we may be unable to detect the unauthorized use of our intellectual property and take the necessary steps to enforce our rights, which may have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition or results of operations. We cannot be sure that our services and products, or the products of others that we offer to our clients, do not infringe on the intellectual property rights of third parties, and we may have infringement claims asserted against us or our clients. These claims may harm our reputation, result in financial liability and prevent us from offering some services or products.

Insurance may become more difficult or expensive to obtain.

The availability, terms and price of insurance are subject to many variables, including general insurance market conditions, loss experience in related industries and in the actuarial and benefits consulting industry, and the specific claims experience of an individual firm. We are subject to various regulatory requirements relating to insurance as well as client requirements. There can be no assurance that we will be able to obtain insurance at cost-effective rates or with reasonable retentions. Increases in the cost of insurance could affect our profitability and the unavailability of insurance to cover certain risks could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition or our ability to transact business in certain geographic areas, particularly in any specific period.

Towers Watson and its subsidiaries could encounter significant obstacles in securing adequate insurance coverage for errors and omissions liability risks on favorable or acceptable terms.

Towers Perrin and Watson Wyatt each historically obtained primary insurance for errors and omissions liability risks from a Vermont-regulated group captive insurance company known as Professional Consultants Insurance Company, Inc. (which we refer to as “PCIC”). The stockholders and insureds of PCIC were legacy Towers Perrin, legacy Watson Wyatt and Milliman, Inc. (“Milliman”). On January 1, 2010, the effective date of the Merger, Towers Watson became the owner of 72.8% of the stock of PCIC.

Towers Perrin and Watson Wyatt provided PCIC with notice of non-renewal of the respective PCIC policies of insurance that expired at 12:01 a.m. on July 1, 2010. PCIC provided a notice of non-renewal to Milliman and did not issue a policy of insurance to Milliman for the policy period starting July 1, 2010 or thereafter. PCIC continues to operate in Run-off in order to pay losses arising from claims reported by its insureds during the periods covered by previously issued policies of insurance.

Since July 1, 2010, we have obtained our primary insurance for errors and omissions liability risks from a Vermont-regulated wholly owned captive insurance company known as Stone Mountain Insurance Company (“Stone Mountain”). Stone Mountain has secured reinsurance for a portion of the Towers Watson risks it underwrites. Towers Watson has secured excess errors and omissions liability coverage above the coverage provided by Stone Mountain in amounts we consider to be prudent. Stone Mountain has issued a policy of insurance to us that is substantially similar in form to the policy of insurance issued by PCIC.

The combination of the formation of Stone Mountain, which results in Towers Watson and Stone Mountain bearing the first $25 million of loss per claim and in the aggregate above the $1 million per claim self-insured retention, and our controlling ownership interest in PCIC and the accompanying requirement that we consolidate PCIC’s financial results into our financial results is likely to result in increased earnings volatility for us. In addition, the inability of Stone Mountain to secure reinsurance or our inability to secure excess errors and omissions professional liability coverage in the future could have a material adverse impact on our financial condition or our ability to transact business in certain geographic areas, particularly in any specific period.

We have material pension liabilities that can fluctuate significantly.

We have material pension liabilities. The projected benefit obligation for our pension and other postretirement benefit plans at June 30, 2013 was $3.9 billion, of which $807.6 million represented unfunded and underfunded pension and postretirement liabilities. Movements in the interest rate environment, inflation or changes in other assumptions that are used for the estimates of our benefit obligations and other factors could have a material effect on the level of liabilities in these plans at any given time. These pension plans have minimum funding requirements that may require material amounts of periodic additional funding. Cash required to fund pension plans may have to be diverted from other corporate initiatives.

Towers Perrin and Towers Watson are defendants in several lawsuits commenced by former Towers Perrin shareholders.

On November 5, 2009, certain former Towers Perrin shareholders commenced a legal proceeding in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania (the “Dugan Action”) against Towers Perrin, members of its board of directors, and certain

members of senior management. Plaintiffs are former members of Towers Perrin’s senior management who left Towers Perrin at various times between 1995 and 2000. They seek to represent a class of former Towers Perrin shareholders who separated from service on or after January 1, 1971, and who also meet certain other specified criteria. Although the complaint in the Dugan Action does not contain a quantification of the damages sought, on December 9, 2009, plaintiffs made a settlement demand on Towers Perrin of $800 million to settle the action on behalf of the proposed class. Plaintiffs requested that Towers Perrin communicate the settlement demand to Watson Wyatt.

On December 17, 2009, four other former Towers Perrin shareholders, all of whom voluntarily left Towers Perrin in May or June 2005 and all of whom are excluded from the proposed class in the Dugan Action, commenced a separate legal proceeding (the “Allen Action”) in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania alleging the same claims in substantially the same form as those alleged in the Dugan Action. A fifth plaintiff joined this action on August 29, 2011. These plaintiffs are proceeding in their individual capacities and do not seek to represent a proposed class.

On January 15, 2010, another former Towers Perrin shareholder who separated from service in March 2005 when Towers Perrin and Electronic Data Systems, Inc. launched a joint venture that led to the creation of a corporate entity known as ExcellerateHRO (“eHRO”), commenced a separate legal proceeding (the “Pao Action”) in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania, also alleging the same claims in substantially the same form as those alleged in the Dugan Action. Towers Perrin contributed its Towers Perrin Administrative Solutions (“TPAS”) business to eHRO and formerly was a minority shareholder (15%) of eHRO. The plaintiff in this action, in which Towers Watson also is named as a defendant, seeks to represent a class of former Towers Perrin shareholders who separated from service in connection with the formation of eHRO and who are excluded from the proposed class in the Dugan Action.

Pursuant to the Towers Perrin Bylaws in effect at the time of their separations, the Towers Perrin shares held by all plaintiffs were redeemed by Towers Perrin at book value when these individuals separated from employment. The complaints allege variously that there either was a promise that Towers Perrin would remain privately owned in perpetuity (Dugan Action) or that in the event of a change to public ownership plaintiffs would receive compensation (Allen and Pao Actions). Plaintiffs allege that by agreeing to sell their shares back to Towers Perrin at book value upon separation, they and other members of the putative classes relied upon these alleged promises, which they claim were breached as a result of the consummation of the Merger between Watson Wyatt and Towers Perrin. The complaints assert claims for breach of contract, breach of express trust, breach of fiduciary duty, promissory estoppel, quasi-contract/unjust enrichment, and constructive trust, and seek equitable relief including an accounting, disgorgement, rescission and/or restitution, and the imposition of a constructive trust. On January 20, 2010, the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania consolidated the three actions for all purposes.

On February 22, 2010, defendants filed a motion to dismiss the complaints in their entireties. By order dated September 30, 2010, the court granted the motion to dismiss plaintiffs’ claim for a constructive trust and denied the motion with respect to all other claims alleged. Pursuant to the court’s September 30 order, defendants also filed answers to plaintiffs’ complaints on October 22, 2010. The parties have completed fact discovery. Neither the plaintiffs in Dugan nor Pao has moved for class certification. Defendants filed a motion for summary judgment on all claims in all actions on December 23, 2011. The court heard argument on June 19, 2012, and on December 11, 2012 granted defendants’ motion, and entered judgment in favor of defendants on all claims. On January 10, 2013, plaintiffs filed a joint notice of their intent to appeal the court’s judgment to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit. On February 13, 2013, the parties were notified that the appeal had been assigned for mediation pursuant to the Third Circuit’s mediation program.

During the mediation held on May 7, 2013, the parties reached agreement on confidential settlement terms. The settlement remains subject to several conditions, including entry into a formal settlement agreement, the approval of the individual settlement class members, and judicial approval of the settlement terms.

Towers Watson continues to believe the claims are without merit and, if the settlement conditions are not satisfied, intends to continue to vigorously defend against the actions. If the cases are not settled, we would continue to incur significant costs defending against these claims. The outcome of these legal proceedings is inherently uncertain and could be unfavorable to Towers Watson.

Our reinsurance brokerage business could be subject to claims arising from its work, which could materially adversely affect our reputation and business.

Our reinsurance brokerage business may be subject to claims brought against it by clients or third parties. Clients are likely to assert claims if they fail to make full recoveries in respect of their own claims. If reinsurers with whom we place business for our clients become insolvent or otherwise fail to make claims payments, this may also result in claims against us.

Our reinsurance business assists its clients in placing reinsurance and handling related claims, which could involve substantial amounts of money. If our work results in claims, claimants may seek large damage awards and defending these claims can involve potentially significant costs and may not be successful. Claims could, by way of example, arise as a result of our reinsurance brokers failing to:

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Place the reinsurance coverage requested by the client;

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Report claims on a timely basis or as required by the reinsurance contract or program;

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Communicate complete and accurate information to reinsurers relating to the risks being reinsured; or

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Appropriately model or advise our clients in relation to the extent and scope of reinsurance coverage that is advisable for a client’s needs.

Moreover, our reinsurance brokerage contracts generally do not limit the maximum liability to which we may be exposed for claims involving alleged errors or omissions.

Reinsurance brokerage revenue is influenced by factors that are beyond our control, and volatility or declines in premiums or other trends in the insurance and reinsurance markets could significantly undermine the profitability of our reinsurance brokerage business.

For the year ended June 30, 2013, we derived approximately 5% of our consolidated revenue from our reinsurance brokerage business, which in turn derives a majority of its revenue from commissions. Revenue earned in our capacity as a reinsurance broker is based in large part on the rates that the global reinsurance marketplace prices for risks. For example, we do not determine reinsurance premiums on which commissions are generally based.

Premiums are cyclical in nature and may vary widely based on market conditions. When premium rates decline, the commissions and fees earned for placing certain reinsurance contracts and programs also tend to decrease. When premium rates rise, we may not be able to earn increased revenue from providing brokerage services because clients may purchase less reinsurance, there may be less reinsurance capacity available, or clients may negotiate a reduction to the compensation rate or a reduced fee for our services.

To the extent our clients are or become materially adversely affected by declining business conditions in the current economic environment, they may choose to limit their purchases of insurance and reinsurance coverage, as applicable, which would limit our ability to generate commission revenue. Clients also may decide not to utilize our risk management services, which would limit our ability to generate fee revenue.

Our Extend Health business may be harmed if we lose our relationships with insurance carriers, fail to maintain good relationships with insurance carriers, become dependent upon a limited number of insurance carriers or fail to develop new carrier relationships.

Our Extend Health business typically enters into contractual agency relationships with insurance carriers that are non-exclusive and terminable on short notice by either party for any reason. In many cases, insurance carriers also have the ability to amend the terms of our agreements unilaterally on short notice. Insurance carriers may be unwilling to allow us to sell their existing or new health insurance plans or may amend our agreements with them, for a variety of reasons, including for competitive or regulatory reasons or because of a reluctance to distribute their products through our exchange platform. Insurance carriers may decide to rely on their own internal distribution channels, including traditional in-house agents, carrier websites or other sales channels, or to market their own plans, and, in turn, could limit or prohibit us from marketing their plans. For example, in August 2011, one of Extend Health’s largest insurance carrier partners discontinued the indirect distribution of Medicare supplement policies through all of their distribution vendors. As a result, our new Medicare supplement enrollments shifted to other insurance carriers that pay us lower commission rates on average. Insurance carriers may also choose to exclude us from their most profitable or popular plans or may determine not to distribute insurance plans in individual markets in certain geographies or altogether. Additionally, if one of the insurance carriers with which we are associated violates the law or comes under scrutiny by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (“CMS”), CMS may impose sanctions on such carriers, resulting in a loss of supply of insurance plans that we are able to sell. The termination or amendment of our relationship with an insurance carrier could reduce the variety of health insurance plans we offer. We also could lose a source of, or be paid reduced commissions for, future sales and could lose renewal commissions for past sales. Our business could also be harmed if we fail to develop new carrier relationships or are unable to offer customers a wide variety of health insurance plans.

The private health insurance industry in the United States has experienced a substantial amount of consolidation over the past several years, resulting in a decrease in the number of insurance carriers. In the future, it may become necessary for us to offer insurance plans from a reduced number of insurance carriers or to derive a greater portion of our revenue from a more concentrated number of carriers as our business and the health insurance industry evolve. For example, in fiscal 2013, the top five carriers accounted for an aggregate of approximately 77% of our commission revenue in our Extend Health business. Each of these insurance carriers may terminate our agreements with them, and, in some cases, as a result of the termination we may lose our right to receive future commissions for policies we have sold. Should our dependence on a smaller number of insurance carriers increase, whether as a result of the termination of carrier relationships, further insurance carrier consolidation or otherwise, we may become more vulnerable to adverse

changes in our relationships with our carriers, particularly in states where we offer health insurance plans from a relatively small number of carriers or where a small number of insurance carriers dominate the market. The termination, amendment or consolidation of our relationship with our insurance carriers could harm our business, results of operations and financial condition.

Changes and developments in the health insurance system in the United States could harm our Extend Health business.

In 2010, the Federal government enacted significant reforms to healthcare legislation through the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, or PPACA, and the Healthcare and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010, or HCERA, which we refer to collectively as Healthcare Reform. Our Extend Health business depends upon the private sector of the United States insurance system, its role in financing health care delivery, and insurance carriers’ use of, and payment of commissions to, agents, brokers and other organizations to market and sell individual and family health insurance plans. Healthcare Reform contains provisions that have changed and will continue to change the industry in which we operate in substantial ways.

Many aspects of Healthcare Reform do not go into effect until 2014 and the required effective dates for other aspects of Healthcare Reform have been postponed until 2015, although certain provisions currently are effective, such as medical loss ratio requirements for individual, family and small business health insurance and a prohibition against using pre-existing health conditions as a reason to deny health coverage for children. In addition, state governments have adopted, and will continue to adopt, changes to their existing laws and regulations in light of Healthcare Reform and related regulations. Future postponements of or changes to Healthcare Reform may not be beneficial to us.

Certain key members of Congress have expressed a desire to withhold the funding necessary to implement Healthcare Reform as well as the desire to replace or amend all or a portion of Healthcare Reform. Any partial or complete repeal or amendment or implementation difficulties, or uncertainty regarding such events, could increase our costs of compliance, prevent or delay future adoption of our exchange platform, and adversely impact our results of operations and financial condition. The implementation of Healthcare Reform could have negative effects on us, including:

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Increase our competition;

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Reduce or eliminate the need for health insurance agents and brokers or demand for the health insurance that we sell;

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Decrease the number of types of health insurance plans that we sell, as well as the number of insurance carriers offering such plans;

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Cause insurance carriers to change the benefits and/or premiums for the plans they sell; or

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Cause insurance carriers to reduce the amount they pay for our services or change our relationship with them in other ways.

Any of these effects could materially harm our business, results of operations and financial condition. For example, the manner in which the Federal government and the states implement health insurance exchanges and the process for receiving subsidies and cost-sharing credits could substantially increase our competition and member turnover and substantially reduce the number of individuals who purchase insurance through us. Various aspects of Healthcare Reform could cause insurance carriers to limit the type of health insurance plans we are able to sell and the geographies in which we are able to sell them. In addition, the U.S. Congress has been charged with finding spending cuts, and such cuts are expected to include Medicare. If cuts are made to Medicare, there may be substantial changes in the types of health insurance plans we are able to sell. Changes in the law could also cause insurance carriers to exit the business of selling insurance plans in a particular jurisdiction, to eliminate certain categories of products or to attempt to move members into new plans for which we receive lower commissions. If insurance carriers decide to limit our ability to sell their plans or determine not to sell individual health insurance plans altogether, our business, results of operations and financial condition would be materially harmed.

We may not be able to obtain financing on favorable terms or at all.

The maintenance and growth of our business depends on our access to capital, which will depend in large part on cash flow generated by our business and the availability of equity and debt financing. There can be no assurance that our operations will generate sufficient positive cash flow to finance all of our capital needs or that we will be able to obtain equity or debt financing on favorable terms or at all.

Our revolving credit facility and term loan contain a number of restrictive covenants that restrict our operations.

The Towers Watson $500 million revolving credit facility and $250 million term loan contain a number of customary restrictive covenants imposing operating and financial restrictions on Towers Watson, including restrictions that limit our ability to engage in acts that may be in our long-term best interests. These covenants include, among others, limitations (and in some cases, prohibitions) that, directly or indirectly, restrict our ability to:

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Incur liens or additional indebtedness (including guarantees or contingent obligations);

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Engage in mergers and other fundamental changes;

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Sell or otherwise dispose of property or assets;

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Pay dividends and other distributions; and

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Change the nature of our business.

The credit agreements also contain financial covenants that limit our interest expense and total debt relative to EBITDA.

The operating restrictions and financial covenants in our credit agreements do, and any future financing agreements may, limit our ability to finance future operations or capital needs or to engage in other business activities. Our ability to comply with any financial covenants could be materially affected by events beyond our control, and there can be no assurance that we will satisfy any such requirements. If we fail to comply with these covenants, we may need to seek waivers or amendments of such covenants, seek alternative or additional sources of financing or reduce our expenditures. We may be unable to obtain such waivers, amendments or alternative or additional financing at all, or on terms favorable to us.

The credit agreements specify several events of default, including non-payment, certain cross-defaults, certain bankruptcy events, covenant or representation breaches and certain changes in control. If an event of default occurs, the lenders under the credit agreements are expected to be able to elect to declare all outstanding borrowings, together with accrued interest and other fees, to be immediately due and payable. We may not be able to repay all amounts due under the credit agreements in the event these amounts are declared due upon an event of default.

We rely on third parties to provide services and their failure to perform the services could harm our business.

As part of providing services to clients and managing our business, we rely on a number of third-party service providers. Our ability to perform effectively depends in part on the ability of these service providers to meet their obligations, as well as on our effective oversight of their performance. The quality of our services could suffer or we could be required to incur unanticipated costs if our third-party service providers do not perform as expected or their services are disrupted. This could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.

We are a holding company and, therefore, may not be able to receive dividends or other distributions in needed amounts from our subsidiaries.

The Company is organized as a holding company, a legal entity separate and distinct from our operating subsidiaries. As a holding company without significant operations of our own, we are dependent upon dividends and other payments from our operating subsidiaries to meet our obligations for paying principal and interest on outstanding debt obligations, for paying dividends to stockholders and for corporate expenses. In the event our operating subsidiaries are unable to pay dividends and other payments to the Company, we may not be able to service debt, pay obligations or pay dividends on common stock.

Further, the Company derives a significant portion of its revenue and operating profit from operating subsidiaries located outside the U.S. Since the majority of financing obligations as well as dividends to stockholders are made from the U.S., it is important to be able to access cash generated outside the U.S. Funds from the Company’s operating subsidiaries outside of the U.S. are periodically repatriated to the U.S. via shareholder distributions and repayment of intercompany financing. A number of factors may arise that could limit our ability to repatriate funds or make repatriation cost prohibitive, including, but not limited to, foreign exchange rates and tax-related costs.

In the event we are unable to generate cash from our operating subsidiaries for any of the reasons discussed above, our overall liquidity could deteriorate.

Changes in our accounting estimates and assumptions could negatively affect our financial position and results of operations.

We prepare our financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP. These accounting principles require us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of our financial statements. We are also required to make certain judgments that affect the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during each reporting period. We periodically evaluate our estimates and assumptions including those relating to revenue recognition, valuation of billed and unbilled receivables from clients, discretionary compensation, incurred but not reported liabilities, restructuring, pensions, goodwill and other intangible assets, contingencies, share-based payments and income taxes. We base our estimates on historical experience and various assumptions that we believe to be reasonable based on specific circumstances. Actual results could differ from these estimates, and changes in accounting standards could have an adverse impact on our future financial position and results of operations.

Our accounting for our long-term outsourcing contracts requires using estimates and projections that may change over time. These changes may have a significant or adverse effect on our reported results of operations or financial condition.

Projecting contract profitability on our long-term outsourcing contracts requires us to make assumptions and estimates of future contract results. All estimates are inherently uncertain and subject to change. In an effort to maintain appropriate estimates, we review each of our long-term outsourcing contracts, the related contract reserves and intangible assets on a regular basis. If we determine that we need to change our estimates for a contract, we will change the estimates in the period in which the determination is made. These

assumptions and estimates involve the exercise of judgment and discretion, which may also evolve over time in light of operational experience, regulatory direction, developments in accounting principles and other factors. Further, changes in assumptions, estimates or developments in the business or the application of accounting principles related to long-term outsourcing contracts may change our initial estimates of future contract results. Application of, and changes in, assumptions, estimates and policies may adversely affect our financial results.

The stock price of Class A common stock may be volatile.

The stock price of the Class A common stock may in the future be volatile and subject to wide fluctuations. In addition, the trading volume of the Class A common stock may in the future fluctuate and cause significant price variations to occur. Some of the factors that could cause fluctuations in the stock price or trading volume of the Class A common stock include:

•

General market and economic conditions, including market conditions in the human capital and risk and financial management consulting industries and regulatory developments in the United States, foreign countries or both;

•

Actual or expected variations in our quarterly results of operations and in the quarterly results of operations of companies perceived to be similar to us;

•

Differences between actual results of operations and those expected by investors and analysts;

•

Changes in recommendations by securities analysts;

•

Operations and stock performance of competitors;

•

Accounting charges, including charges relating to the impairment of goodwill or other intangible assets;

•

Significant acquisitions, dispositions or strategic alliances by us or by competitors;

•

Sales of the Class A common stock, including sales by our directors and officers or significant investors;

•

Incurrence of additional debt;

•

Dilutive issuance of equity;

•

Recruitment or departure of key personnel;

•

Loss or gain of key clients;

•

Litigation involving us, our general industry or both; and

•

Changes in reserves for professional liability claims.

There can be no assurance that the stock price of the Class A common stock will not fluctuate or decline significantly in the future. In addition, the stock market in general can experience considerable price and volume fluctuations that may be unrelated to our performance.

Shares of Towers Watson common stock eligible for public sale could adversely affect the stock price.

On January 1, 2010, the then-former Towers Perrin security holders received, in the aggregate, 44% of Towers Watson’s voting common stock then outstanding. Those shares are subject to various restrictions. For example, shares of Class B common stock issued to the then-former Towers Perrin security holders automatically convert into shares of freely tradable Class A common stock in equal annual installments over four years. The first conversion of Class B common stock to Class A common stock occurred on January 1, 2011, the second conversion occurred on January 1, 2012, and the third conversion occurred on January 1, 2013. As of August 6, 2013, there were 5,374,070 outstanding shares of Class B-4 common stock outstanding. These shares of Class B-4 common stock will automatically convert into shares of freely tradable Class A common stock on January 1, 2014.

In addition, pursuant to our certificate of incorporation, our board of directors has the discretion to accelerate the conversion of any number of shares of Class B common stock into shares of freely tradable Class A common stock.

The sales or potential sales of a substantial number of shares of Class A common stock in the public market after the Class B common stock automatically converts or shares are converted by our Board of Directors, or shares of restricted Class A common stock vest, could depress the market price of Class A common stock at such time and could then impair our ability to raise capital through the sale of additional securities.

We will only pay dividends if and when declared by our board of directors.

Any determination to pay dividends in the future is at the discretion of our board of directors and will depend upon our results of operations, financial condition, contractual restrictions, restrictions imposed by applicable law, rule or regulation, business and investment strategy, and other factors that our board of directors deems relevant. If we do not pay dividends, then the return on an investment in our common stock will depend entirely upon any future appreciation in its stock price. There is no guarantee that our common stock will appreciate in value or maintain its value.

We have various mechanisms in place that could prevent a change in control that a stockholder might favor.

Our certificate of incorporation and bylaws contain provisions that might discourage, delay or prevent a change in control that a stockholder might favor. Our certificate of incorporation or bylaws:

•

Authorize the issuance of preferred stock without fixed characteristics, which could be issued by our board of directors pursuant to a stockholder rights plan and deter a takeover attempt;

•

Provide that only the Chief Executive Officer, President or our board of directors may call a special meeting of stockholders;

•

Limit business at special stockholder meetings to such business as is brought before the meeting by or at the direction of our board of directors;

•

Prohibit stockholder action by written consent, and require all stockholder actions to be taken at an annual or special meeting of the stockholders;

•

Provide our board of directors with exclusive power to change the number of directors;

•

Provide that all vacancies on our board of directors, including new directorships, may only be filled by a resolution adopted by a majority of the directors then in office;

•

Do not opt out of Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, which prohibits business combinations between a corporation and any interested stockholder for a period of three years following the time that such stockholder became an interested stockholder;

•

Require a supermajority vote for the stockholders to amend the bylaws; and

•

Prohibit any stockholder from presenting a proposal or director nomination at an annual stockholders’ meeting unless such stockholder provides us with sufficient advance notice.

Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments.

None.

Item 2. Properties.

As of June 30, 2013, we operated offices in more than 114 cities and 37 countries throughout the Americas, Asia-Pacific, Europe, and the Middle East. Operations of each of our segments are carried out in leased offices under operating leases that typically do not exceed 10 years in length. We do not anticipate difficulty in meeting our space needs at lease expiration.

The fixed assets owned by us represented approximately 7% of total assets as of June 30, 2013, and consisted primarily of computer equipment and software, office furniture and leasehold improvements.

Item 3. Legal Proceedings.

From time to time, we are a party to various lawsuits, arbitrations or mediations that arise in the ordinary course of business. The disclosure called for by Item 3 regarding our legal proceedings is incorporated by reference herein from Note 11, “Debt, Commitments and Contingent Liabilities”, of the notes to the consolidated financial statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ending June 30, 2013.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.

Not applicable.

Part II

Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.

Market Information

Towers Watson & Co. Class A common stock is currently traded on the New York Stock Exchange and NASDAQ under the symbol TW.

The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the high and low sales prices per share of our Class A common stock since January 4, 2010, the first trading day of the Class A common stock following consummation of the Merger.


	High		Low
Fiscal Year 2012
First quarter (July 1, 2011 - September 30, 2011)	$	66.38	$	52.26
Second quarter (October 1, 2011 - December 31, 2011)	$	65.77	$	58.45
Third quarter (January 1, 2012 - March 31, 2012)	$	66.52	$	57.94
Fourth quarter (April 1, 2012 - June 30, 2012)	$	66.85	$	57.12
Fiscal Year 2013
First quarter (July 1, 2012 - September 30, 2012)	$	60.98	$	51.68
Second quarter (October 1, 2012 - December 31, 2012)	$	58.63	$	50.01
Third quarter (January 1, 2013 - March 31, 2013)	$	69.32	$	57.02
Fourth quarter (April 1, 2013 - June 30, 2013)	$	81.95	$	68.02

Holders

As of August 6, 2013, there were approximately 478 registered stockholders of our Class A common stock and 534 registered stockholders of our Class B common stock.

Dividends

During November 2012, our board of directors approved the payment of a quarterly cash dividend in the amount of $0.115 per share which was paid in December 2012. Additionally, the board of directors declared an acceleration for calendar year 2013 of dividends otherwise payable in April 2013, July 2013 and October 2013. The $0.345 per share accelerated dividend was paid in December 2012. Since all dividends that would have been otherwise payable in calendar year 2013 were paid in December 2012, there were no dividend payments for the six months ended June 30, 2013. Total dividends paid in fiscal year 2013 and in fiscal year 2012 were $48.2 million and $26.4 million, respectively. The amount in fiscal year 2013 includes $1.3 million of dividends paid by our consolidated, majority-owned subsidiary, Fifth Quadrant, to its third-party shareholders.

The continued payment of cash dividends in the future is at the discretion of our board of directors and depends on numerous factors, including, without limitation, our net earnings, financial condition, availability of capital, debt covenant limitations and our other business needs, including those of our subsidiaries and affiliates. Additionally, our Revolving Credit Facility and Term Loan require us to observe certain covenants, including requirements for minimum net worth, which potentially act to restrict dividends.

Performance Graph

The graphs below depict total cumulative stockholder return on $100 invested on June 30, 2008 and January 4, 2010, respectively, in (i) Watson Wyatt Worldwide Inc. common stock and Towers Watson & Co. common stock, (ii) the New York Stock Exchange Composite Index; and (iii) a peer group index comprised of the common stock of Aon Corporation and Marsh & McLennan Companies and certain publicly traded companies within the management consulting services standard industrial classification code having a reported market capitalization exceeding $150 million. The graphs assume reinvestment of dividends.

LOGO


	6/08		6/09		12/09

Watson Wyatt Worldwide, Inc.		100.00		71.42		90.73
NYSE Composite		100.00		70.28		86.47
Peer Group		100.00		81.48		92.73

LOGO


	1/4/10		6/30/10		6/30/11		6/30/12		6/30/13

Towers Watson & Co.		100.00		77.96		132.60		121.67		168.16
NYSE Composite		100.00		91.14		119.85		115.40		139.10
Peer Group		100.00		96.64		143.04		143.95		183.97

The two Performance Graphs respectively show (i) legacy Watson Wyatt’s stock performance from June 30, 2008 through December 31, 2009, the day prior to the closing date of the Merger and (ii) Towers Watson’s stock performance from January 4, 2010 through June 30, 2013.

Companies included in the peer group index in both graphs include: Accenture PLC, Aon Corporation, FTI Consulting Inc., Huron Consulting Group Inc.; Marsh & McLennan Companies; Maximus Inc.; Navigant Consulting Inc.; and The Corporate Executive Board Company.

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

The Towers Watson Board has authorized the Company to periodically repurchase shares of common stock under two distinct sets of authority.

The purpose of the first authority is to offset the dilutive effect of issuance of shares under the Company’s equity based compensation plans (“Dilution”). During the third quarter of fiscal year 2010, our Board of Directors approved the repurchase of up to 750,000 shares of our Class A Common Stock to offset Dilution. During the first quarter of fiscal 2012, the Board of Directors approved the repurchase of an additional 1,000,000 shares of Class A Common Stock to offset Dilution. As of June 30, 2013, 788,189 shares remained available for repurchase under this authority.

The purpose of the second authority is to purchase shares of the Company’s Class A Common Stock outside of the anti-dilutive authorization. During the second quarter of fiscal year 2011, the Company’s Board of Directors approved the repurchase of up to $100 million of the Company’s Class A Common Stock. During the third quarter of fiscal 2012, the $100 million general repurchase authorization was exhausted, and the Board of Directors approved the repurchase of an additional $150 million of the Company’s Class A Common Stock. As of June 30, 2013, $120.5 million remained available for repurchase of shares under this authority.

There are no expiration dates for any of these repurchase plans or programs. There were no repurchases in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2013 under either of the Company’s repurchase plans. The maximum number of shares that may yet be purchased under our two stock repurchase plans is 2,258,390. An estimate of the maximum number of shares under the repurchase of up to $150 million was determined using the closing price of our stock on June 28, 2013, the last trading day of our fiscal year, of $81.94.

Item 6. Selected Consolidated Financial Data

The following table sets forth selected consolidated financial data of Towers Watson for each of the years in the five-year period ended June 30, 2013. The selected consolidated financial data as of June 30, 2013 and 2012, and for each of the three years in the period ended June 30, 2013, were derived from the audited consolidated financial statements of Towers Watson included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The selected consolidated financial data as of June 30, 2010, and 2009, were derived from audited consolidated financial statements of Towers Watson and Watson Wyatt, the accounting predecessor, not included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The consolidated financial data should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and notes thereto.


	Year Ended June 30,
Statement of Operations Data:	2013			2012			2011			2010 (a)			2009
(amounts are in thousands, except per share data)
Revenue	$	3,596,784		$	3,417,736		$	3,259,451		$	2,387,829		$	1,676,029
Costs of providing services:
Salaries and employee benefits		2,176,038			2,067,689			2,043,063			1,540,417			1,029,299
Professional and subcontracted services		269,251			285,063			246,348			163,848			119,323
Occupancy		143,948			141,053			144,191			109,454			72,566
General and administrative expenses		329,467			284,994			281,576			220,937			172,010
Depreciation and amortization		175,720			152,891			130,575			101,084			73,448
Transaction and integration expenses		30,753			86,130			100,535			87,644			—

		3,125,177			3,017,820			2,946,288			2,223,384			1,466,646

Income from operations		471,607			399,916			313,163			164,445			209,383
(Loss) / income from affiliates		(56	)		262			1,081			(1,274	)		8,350
Interest income		2,400			3,860			5,523			2,950			2,022
Interest expense		(12,676	)		(9,156	)		(12,475	)		(7,508	)		(2,778	)
Other non-operating income		6,928			11,350			19,349			11,304			4,926

Income before income taxes		468,203			406,232			326,641			169,917			221,903
Provision for income taxes		152,551			145,756			129,916			50,907			75,276

Net income before non-controlling interests		315,652			260,476			196,725			119,010			146,627
Net (loss) / income attributable to non-controlling interests		(3,160	)		263			2,288			(1,587	)		169

Net income attributable to controlling interests	$	318,812		$	260,213		$	194,437		$	120,597			146,458

Earnings per share: net income attributable to controlling interests:
Basic	$	4.48		$	3.60		$	2.62		$	2.04		$	3.43
Diluted	$	4.46		$	3.59		$	2.62		$	2.03		$	3.42
Dividends declared per share	$	0.46		$	0.40		$	0.30		$	0.30		$	0.30
Weighted average shares of common stock (000):
Basic		71,150			72,221			74,075			59,257			42,690
Diluted		71,555			72,542			74,139			59,372			42,861

	As of June 30,
Balance Sheet and Other Data:	2013			2012			2011			2010			2009
(amounts are in thousands)
Cash and cash equivalents	$	532,805		$	478,179		$	528,923		$	435,927		$	209,832
Fiduciary assets		148,414			171,406			153,154			164,539			—
Working capital		599,348			656,415			472,357			479,521			231,938
Goodwill and intangible assets		2,906,693			3,021,403			2,638,496			2,400,782			728,987
Total assets		5,332,077			5,356,978			5,098,950			4,573,617			1,626,319
Revolving credit facility, term loan and notes		250,000			458,000			99,341			201,967			—
Dividends declared		42,027			25,752			22,846			17,661			12,785
Stockholders’ equity		2,724,494			2,432,520			2,591,527			1,955,607			853,638
Shares outstanding		70,716			71,702			73,601			74,204			42,657

(a)	Includes the effect of the Merger as of January 1, 2010

Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

Executive Overview

General

We are a global consulting firm focusing on providing human capital and financial consulting services.

At Towers Watson, we bring together professionals from around the world — experts in their areas of specialty — to deliver the perspectives that give organizations a clear path forward. We do this by working with clients to develop solutions in the areas of employee benefits, risk and capital management, and talent and rewards.

We help our clients enhance business performance by improving their ability to attract, retain and motivate qualified employees. We focus on delivering consulting services that help organizations anticipate, identify and capitalize on emerging opportunities in human capital management. We also provide independent financial advice regarding all aspects of life insurance and general insurance, as well as investment advice to help our clients develop disciplined and efficient strategies to meet their investment goals. We operate the largest private Medicare exchange in the United States. Through this exchange, we help our clients to move to a more sustainable economic model by capping and controlling the costs associated with retiree healthcare benefits.

As leading economies worldwide become more service-oriented, human resources and financial management have become increasingly important to companies and other organizations. The heightened competition for skilled employees, unprecedented changes in workforce demographics, regulatory changes related to compensation and retiree benefits, and rising employee-related costs have increased the importance of effective human capital management. Insurance and investment decisions have become increasingly complex and important in the face of changing economies and dynamic financial markets. Towers Watson helps its clients address these issues by combining expertise in human capital and financial management with consulting and technology solutions, to improve the design and implementation of various human resources and financial programs, including compensation, retirement, health care, and insurance and investment plans.

The human resources consulting industry, although highly fragmented, is highly competitive. It is composed of major human capital consulting firms, specialty firms, consulting arms of accounting firms and information technology consulting firms.

In the short term, our revenue is driven by many factors, including the general state of the global economy and the resulting level of discretionary spending, the continuing regulatory compliance requirements of our clients, changes in investment markets, the ability of our consultants to attract new clients or provide additional services to existing clients, the impact of new regulations in the legal and accounting fields and the impact of our ongoing cost saving initiatives. In the long term, we expect that our financial results will depend in large part upon how well we succeed in deepening our existing client relationships through thought leadership and a focus on developing cross-business solutions, actively pursuing new clients in our target markets, cross selling and making strategic acquisitions. We believe that the highly fragmented industry in which we operate offers us growth opportunities, because we provide a unique business combination of benefits and human capital consulting, as well as risk and capital management and strategic technology solutions.

Segments

We provide services in four business segments: Benefits, Risk and Financial Services, Talent and Rewards, and Exchange Solutions.

Benefits Segment. The Benefits segment is our largest and most established segment. This segment has grown through business combinations as well as strong organic growth. It helps clients create and manage cost-effective benefits programs that help them attract, retain and motivate a talented workforce.

The Benefits segment provides benefits consulting and administration services through four lines of business:

•

Retirement;

•

Health and Group Benefits;

•

Technology and Administration Solutions; and

•

International Consulting.

Retirement supports organizations worldwide in designing, managing, administering and communicating all types of retirement plans. Health and Group Benefits provides advice on the strategy, design, financing, delivery, ongoing plan management and communication of health and group benefit programs. Through our Technology and Administration Solutions line of business, we deliver cost-effective benefit outsourcing solutions. The International Consulting Group provides expertise in dealing with international human

capital management and related benefits and compensation advice for corporate headquarters and their subsidiaries. A significant portion of the revenue in this segment is from recurring work, driven in large part by the heavily regulated nature of employee benefits plans and our clients’ annual needs for these services. For the fiscal year ended June 30, 2013, the Benefits segment contributed 57% of our segment revenue. For the same period, approximately 42% of the Benefits segment’s revenue originates from outside the United States and is thus subject to translation exposure resulting from foreign exchange rate fluctuations.

Risk and Financial Services Segment. Within the Risk and Financial Services segment, our second largest segment, we have three lines of business:

•

Risk Consulting and Software (“RCS”);

•

Investment; and

•

Reinsurance and Insurance Brokerage (“Brokerage”).

The Risk and Financial Services segment accounted for 23% of our total revenue for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2013. Approximately 67% of the segment’s revenue originates from outside the United States and is thus subject to translation exposure resulting from foreign exchange rate fluctuations. The segment has a strong base of recurring revenue, driven by long-term client relationships in reinsurance brokerage services, retainer investment consulting relationships, software solutions, consulting services on financial reporting, and actuarial opinions on property/casualty loss reserves. Some of these relationships have been in place for more than 20 years. A portion of the revenue is related to project work, which is more heavily dependent on the overall level of discretionary spending by clients. This work is favorably influenced by strong client relationships, particularly related to mergers and acquisitions consulting. Major revenue growth drivers include changes in regulations, the level of merger and acquisition activity in the insurance industry, growth in pension and other asset pools, and reinsurance retention and pricing trends.

Talent and Rewards Segment. Our third largest segment, Talent and Rewards, is focused on three lines of business:

•

Executive Compensation;

•

Rewards, Talent and Communication; and

•

Data, Surveys and Technology.

The Talent and Rewards segment accounted for approximately 17% of our total revenue for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2013. Few of the segment’s projects have a recurring element. As a result, this segment is most sensitive to changes in discretionary spending due to cyclical economic fluctuations. Approximately 47% of the segment’s revenue originates from outside the United States and is thus subject to translation exposure resulting from foreign exchange rate fluctuations. Revenue for Talent and Rewards consulting has increasing seasonality, with a meaningful amount of heightened activity in the second half of the calendar year during the annual compensation, benefits and survey cycles. Major revenue growth drivers in this group include demand for workforce productivity improvements and labor cost reductions, focus on high performance culture, globalization of the workforce, changes in regulations and benefits programs, merger and acquisition activity, and the demand for universal metrics related to workforce engagement.

Exchange Solutions Segment.

We established our fourth segment, Exchange Solutions, when we acquired Extend Health on May 29, 2012. The Exchange Solutions segment accounted for approximately 3% of our total revenue for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2013. Exchange Solutions operates the largest private Medicare insurance exchange in the United States. Our core solution enables employers to transition their retirees to individual, defined contribution health plans at an annual cost that the employer controls — versus group-based, defined benefit health plans, which have uncertain annual costs. By moving to a defined contribution approach, our clients can provide their retirees with the same or better health care benefits at a lower overall cost. Most Exchange Solutions revenues come from the commissions we receive from insurance carriers for enrolling individuals into their health plans. This revenue increases as the number of enrolled members grows. Exchange Solutions experiences seasonality due to the majority of policies beginning on January 1 following corporations’ open enrollment periods. In addition, the annual enrollment period for Medicare-eligible individuals coincides with this period. It is expected that the majority of enrollments will occur in our second quarter and we will hire additional seasonal benefits advisors to supplement our full-time benefit advisors and incur higher costs. The associated commission revenue with these new enrollments is deferred until the policy effective date in our third quarter and is spread over the policy period.

Financial Statement Overview

Towers Watson’s fiscal year ends June 30.

Shown below are Towers Watson’s top five geographies based on percentage of consolidated revenue.


	Fiscal Year
Geographic Region	2013			2012			2011
United States		53	%		48	%		49	%
United Kingdom		22			23			22
Canada		6			6			6
Germany		4			5			4
Netherlands		2			3			3

We derive the majority of our revenue from fees for consulting services. Approximately 60% of our client arrangements are billed at standard hourly rates and expense reimbursement, which we refer to as time and expense basis. The remaining 40% of our client arrangements are billed on a fixed-fee basis. Clients are typically invoiced on a monthly basis with revenue generally recognized as services are performed. No single client accounted for more than 1% of our consolidated revenues for any of our most recent three fiscal years.

Our most significant expense is compensation to associates, which typically comprises approximately 70% of total costs of providing services. We compensate our directors, executive officers and other select associates with incentive non-cash stock-based compensation plans which generally vest equally over three years. We use a graded vesting expense methodology that assumes the equity awards are issued to participants in equal amounts of shares that vest over one year, two years and three years giving the effect of more expense in the first year than the second and third. Our equity awards are settled in Towers Watson Class A common stock.

Salaries and employee benefits are comprised of wages paid to associates, related taxes, severance, benefit expenses such as pension, medical and insurance costs, and fiscal year-end incentive bonuses.

Professional and subcontracted services represent fees paid to external service providers for employment, marketing and other services. For the three most recent fiscal years, approximately 30 to 40% of the professional and subcontracted services were directly incurred on behalf of clients and were reimbursed by them, with such reimbursements being included in revenue. For the fiscal year ended June 30, 2013 for Towers Watson, approximately 33% of professional and subcontracted services represent these reimbursable services.

Occupancy includes expenses for rent and utilities.

General and administrative expenses include legal, marketing, supplies, telephone and networking costs to operate office locations as well as insurance, including premiums on excess insurance and losses on professional liability claims, non-client-reimbursed travel by associates, publications and professional development. This line item also includes miscellaneous expenses, including gains and losses on foreign currency transactions.

Depreciation and amortization includes the depreciation of fixed assets and amortization of intangible assets and internally-developed software.

Transaction and integration expenses include fees and charges associated with the Merger and with our other acquisitions. Transaction and integration expenses principally consist of investment banker fees, regulatory filing expenses, integration consultants, as well as legal, accounting, marketing, and information technology integration expenses.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Our estimates, judgments and assumptions are continually evaluated based on available information and experience. Because of the use of estimates inherent in the financial reporting process, actual results could differ from those estimates. The areas that we believe are critical accounting policies include revenue recognition, valuation of billed and unbilled receivables from clients, discretionary compensation, income taxes, pension assumptions, incurred but not reported claims, and goodwill and intangible assets. The critical accounting policies discussed below involve making difficult, subjective or complex accounting estimates that could have a material effect on our financial condition and results of operations. These critical accounting policies

require us to make assumptions about matters that are highly uncertain at the time of the estimate or assumption. Different estimates that we could have used, or changes in estimates that are reasonably likely to occur, may have a material effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

Revenue Recognition

We recognize revenue when it is earned and realized or realizable as demonstrated by persuasive evidence of an arrangement with a client, a fixed or determinable price, services have been rendered or products delivered or available for use, and collectability is reasonably assured.

The majority of our revenue consists of fees earned from providing consulting services. We recognize revenue from these consulting engagements when hours are worked, either on a time-and-expense basis or on a fixed-fee basis, depending on the terms and conditions defined at the inception of an engagement with a client. We have engagement letters with our clients that specify the terms and conditions upon which the engagements are based. These terms and conditions can only be changed upon agreement by both parties. Individual associates’ billing rates are principally based on a multiple of salary and compensation costs.

Revenue for fixed-fee arrangements is based upon the proportional performance method. We typically have three types of fixed-fee arrangements: annual recurring projects, projects of a short duration, and non-recurring system projects. Annual recurring projects and the projects of short duration are typically straightforward and highly predictable in nature. As a result, the project manager and financial staff are able to identify, as the project status is reviewed and bills are prepared monthly, the occasions when cost overruns could lead to the recording of a loss accrual.

We have non-recurring system projects that are longer in duration and subject to more changes in scope as the project progresses. We evaluate at least quarterly, and more often as needed, project managers’ estimates-to-complete to assure that the projects’ current statuses are accounted for properly. Certain software contracts generally provide that if the client terminates a contract, we are entitled to payment for services performed through termination.

Revenue recognition for fixed-fee engagements is affected by a number of factors that change the estimated amount of work required to complete the project such as changes in scope, the staffing on the engagement and/or the level of client participation. The periodic engagement evaluations require us to make judgments and estimates regarding the overall profitability and stage of project completion that, in turn, affect how we recognize revenue. We recognize a loss on an engagement when estimated revenue to be received for that engagement is less than the total estimated costs associated with the engagement. Losses are recognized in the period in which the loss becomes probable and the amount of the loss is reasonably estimable. We have experienced certain costs in excess of estimates from time to time. Management believes it is rare, however, for these excess costs to result in overall project losses.

We have developed various software programs and technologies that we provide to clients in connection with consulting services. In most instances, such software is hosted and maintained by us and ownership of the technology and rights to the related code remain with us. We defer costs for software developed to be utilized in providing services to a client, but for which the client does not have the contractual right to take possession, during the implementation stage. We recognize these deferred costs from the go live date, signaling the end of the implementation stage, until the end of the initial term of the contract with the client. We determined that the system implementation and customized ongoing administrative services are one combined service. Revenue is recognized over the service period, after the go live date, in proportion to the services performed. As a result, we do not recognize revenue during the implementation phase of an engagement.

We deliver software under arrangements with clients that take possession of our software. The maintenance associated with the initial software fees is a fixed percentage which enables us to determine the stand-alone value of the delivered software separate from the maintenance. We recognize the initial software fees as software is delivered to the client and we recognize the maintenance ratably over the contract period based on each element’s relative fair value. For software arrangements in which initial fees are received in connection with mandatory maintenance for the initial software license to remain active, we determined that the initial maintenance period is substantive. Therefore, we recognize the fees for the initial license and maintenance bundle ratably over the initial contract term, which is generally one year. Each subsequent renewal fee is recognized ratably over the contractually stated renewal period.

We collect, analyze and compile data in the form of surveys for our clients who have the option of participating in the survey. The surveys are published online via a web tool which provides simplistic functionality. We have determined that the web tool is inconsequential to the overall arrangement. We record the survey revenue when the results are delivered online and made available to our clients that have a contractual right to the data. If the data is updated more frequently than annually, we recognize the survey revenue ratably over the contractually stated period.

In our capacity as a reinsurance broker, we collect premiums from our reinsurance clients and, after deducting our brokerage commissions, we remit the premiums to the respective reinsurance underwriters on behalf of our reinsurance clients. In general, compensation for reinsurance brokerage services is earned on a commission basis. Commissions are calculated as a percentage of a

reinsurance premium as stipulated in the reinsurance contracts with our clients and reinsurers. We recognize brokerage services revenue on the later of the contract’s inception or billing date as fees become known or as our services are provided for premium processing. In addition, we hold cash needed to settle amounts due reinsurers or our reinsurance clients, net of any commissions due to us, pending remittance to the ultimate recipient. We are permitted to invest these funds in high quality liquid instruments.

As an insurance exchange, we generate revenue from commission paid to us by insurance carriers for health insurance policies issued through our enrollment services. Under our contracts with insurance carriers, once an application has been accepted by an insurance carrier and a policy has been issued, we will receive commission payments from the policy effective date until the end of the annual policy period as long as the policy is not cancelled by the insured or the carrier. We defer upfront fees and recognize revenue ratably from the policy effective date over the policy period, generally one year. The commission fee per policy placed with a carrier could vary by whether the insured was previously a Medicare participant and whether the policy is in its first or subsequent year. Due to the uncertainty of the commission fee per policy, we do not recognize revenue until the policy is accepted by the carrier, the policy is effective and a communication is received from the carrier of the fee per insured. As the commission fee is cancellable on a pro rata basis related to the underlying insurance policy which we are not party to, we recognize the commission fee ratably over the policy period. Our carrier contracts entitle us to receive commission fees per policy for the life of the policy unless limited by legislation or cancelled by the carrier or insured. As a result, the majority of the revenue is recurring in nature and grows in direct proportion to the number of new policies added each year.

Revenue recognized in excess of billings is recorded as unbilled accounts receivable. Cash collections in excess of revenue recognized are recorded as deferred revenue until the revenue recognition criteria are met. Client reimbursable expenses, including those relating to travel, other out-of-pocket expenses and any third-party costs, are included in revenue, and an equivalent amount of reimbursable expenses are included in professional and subcontracted services as a cost of revenue.

Valuation of Billed and Unbilled Receivables from Clients

We maintain allowances for doubtful accounts to reflect estimated losses resulting from the clients’ failure to pay for the services after the services have been rendered, including allowances when customer disputes may exist. The related provision is recorded as a reduction to revenue. Our allowance policy is based on the aging of the billed and unbilled client receivables and has been developed based on the write-off history. Facts and circumstances such as the average length of time the receivables are past due, general market conditions, current economic trends and our clients’ ability to pay may cause fluctuations in our valuation of billed and unbilled receivables.

Discretionary Compensation

Our compensation program includes a discretionary bonus that is determined by management and has historically been paid once per fiscal year in the form of cash and/or deferred stock units after our annual operating results are finalized.

An estimated annual bonus amount is initially developed at the beginning of each fiscal year in conjunction with our budgeting process. Estimated annual operating performance is reviewed quarterly and the discretionary annual bonus amount is then adjusted, if necessary, by management to reflect changes in the forecast of pre-bonus profitability for the year.

Income Taxes

We account for income taxes in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 740, Income Taxes, which prescribes the use of the asset and liability approach to the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities related to the expected future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in our financial statements or income tax returns. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. Valuation allowances are established, when necessary, to reduce deferred tax assets when it is more likely than not that a portion or all of a given deferred tax asset will not be realized. In accordance with ASC 740, income tax expense includes (i) deferred tax expense, which generally represents the net change in the deferred tax asset or liability balance during the year plus any change in valuation allowances and (ii) current tax expense, which represents the amount of tax currently payable to or receivable from a taxing authority plus amounts accrued for expected tax contingencies (including both tax and interest). ASC 740 prescribes a recognition threshold of more-likely-than-not, and a measurement attribute for all tax positions taken or expected to be taken on a tax return, in order for those positions to be recognized in the financial statements. We continually review tax laws, regulations and related guidance in order to properly record any uncertain tax positions. We adjust these reserves in light of changing facts and circumstances, such as the outcome of tax audits.

Incurred But Not Reported (IBNR) Claims

We accrue for IBNR professional liability claims that are probable and estimable, and for which we have not yet contracted for insurance coverage. We use actuarial assumptions to estimate and record a liability for IBNR professional liability claims. Our

estimated IBNR liability is based on long-term trends and averages, and considers a number of factors, including changes in claim reporting patterns, claim settlement patterns, judicial decisions, and legislation and economic decisions. Our estimated IBNR liability does not include actuarial projections for the effect of claims data for large cases due to the insufficiency of actuarial experience with such cases. Our estimated IBNR liability will fluctuate if claims experience changes over time. As of June 30, 2013, we had a $184.1 million IBNR liability, net of recoverable receivables of our captive insurance companies. This net liability decreased from $202.2 million as of June 30, 2012 as the result of improved claims experience. To the extent our captive insurance companies, PCIC and SMIC, expect losses to be covered by a third party, they record a receivable for the amount expected to be recovered. This receivable is classified in other current or other noncurrent assets in our consolidated balance sheet.

Pension Assumptions

Towers Watson sponsors both qualified and non-qualified defined benefit pension plans and other post-retirement benefit plan (“OPEB”) plans in North America and Europe. As of June 30, 2013, these funded and unfunded plans represented 98 percent of Towers Watson’s pension and OPEB obligations and are disclosed herein. Towers Watson also sponsors funded and unfunded defined benefit pension plans in certain other countries, representing an additional $87.6 million in projected benefit obligations, $62.6 million in assets and a net liability of $25.0 million.

North America

United States – Beginning January 1, 2012, all associates, including named executive officers, accrue qualified and non-qualified benefits under a new stable value pension design. Prior to this date, associates hired prior to December 31, 2010 earned benefits under their legacy plan formulas, which were frozen on December 31, 2011. The non-qualified plan is unfunded. Retiree medical benefits provided under our U.S. postretirement benefit plans were closed to new hires effective January 1, 2011. Life insurance benefits under the same plans were frozen with respect to service, eligibility and amounts as of January 1, 2012 for active associates.

Canada – Effective on January 1, 2011, associates hired on or after January 1, 2011 and effective on January 1, 2012 for associates hired prior to January 1, 2011, accrue qualified and non-qualified benefits based on a career average benefit formula. Additionally, participants can choose to make voluntary contributions to purchase enhancements to their pension. Prior to the January 1, 2011, associates earned benefits under their legacy plan formulas.

The non-qualified plans in North America provide for the additional pension benefits that would be covered under the qualified plan in the respective country were it not for statutory maximums. The non-qualified plans are unfunded.

Europe

United Kingdom – For associates previously participating under the legacy Watson Wyatt defined benefit plan, benefits accrue based on the number of years of service and the associate’s average compensation during the associate’s term of service since January 2008 (prior to this date, benefits accrued under a different formula). Benefit accruals earned under the legacy Towers Perrin defined benefit plan were frozen on March 31, 2008, and the plan predominantly provides lump sum benefits. All associates not earning benefits under the legacy Watson Wyatt defined benefit component of the plan accrue benefits under a defined contribution component.

Germany – Effective January 1, 2011, all new associates participate in a defined contribution plan. Associates hired prior to this date continue to participate in various defined contribution and defined benefit arrangements according to legacy plan formulas. The legacy defined benefit plans are primarily account-based, with some long-service associates continuing to accrue benefits according to grandfathered final-average-pay formulas.

Netherlands – Benefits under the Netherlands plan used to accrue on a final pay basis on earnings up to a maximum amount each year. The benefit accrual under the final pay plan stopped at December 31, 2010. The accrued benefits will receive conditional indexation each year.

The determination of Towers Watson’s obligations and annual expense under the plans is based on a number of assumptions that, given the longevity of the plans, are long-term in focus. A change in one or a combination of these assumptions could have a material impact on Towers Watson’s pension benefit obligation and related cost. Any difference between actual and assumed results is amortized into Towers Watson’s pension cost over the average remaining service period of participating associates. Towers Watson considers several factors prior to the start of each fiscal year when determining the appropriate annual assumptions, including economic forecasts, relevant benchmarks, historical trends, portfolio composition and peer company comparisons.

Funding is based on actuarially determined contributions and is limited to amounts that are currently deductible for tax purposes. Since funding calculations are based on different measurements than those used for accounting purposes, pension contributions are not equal to net periodic pension cost.

The assumptions used to determine net periodic benefit cost for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2013, 2012 and 2011 were as follows:


	Year Ended June 30,
	2013						2012						2011
	North America			Europe			North America			Europe			North America			Europe
Discount rate		4.86	%		4.80	%		5.79	%		5.59	%		5.80	%		5.25	%
Expected long-term rate of return on assets		8.11	%		6.07	%		8.14	%		6.78	%		8.16	%		6.79	%
Rate of increase in compensation levels		4.35	%		3.93	%		3.82	%		3.93	%		3.88	%		3.88	%

The following table presents the assumptions used in the valuation to determine the projected benefit obligation for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2013 and 2012:


	June 30, 2013						June 30, 2012
	North America			Europe			North America			Europe
Discount rate		5.32	%		4.41	%		4.86	%		4.80	%
Rate of increase in compensation levels		4.36	%		3.93	%		4.35	%		3.93	%

As a result of plan changes adopted during the first quarter of fiscal year 2011, the legacy Watson Wyatt U.S. Pension Plans were remeasured as of September 30, 2010. Upon remeasurement the discount rate assumption was changed for these plans and the net periodic benefit cost for the remainder of fiscal year 2011 was calculated using a weighted average discount rate of 5.79%.

Towers Watson’s discount rate assumptions were determined by matching expected future pension benefit payments with current AA corporate bond yields from the respective countries for the same periods. In the United States, specific bonds were selected to match plan cash flows. In Canada, yields were taken from a corporate bond yield curve. In Europe, the discount rate was set based on yields on European AA corporate bonds at the measurement date. The U.K. is based on the U.K. AA corporate bonds, while Germany and the Netherlands are based on European AA corporate bonds.

The expected rates of return assumptions for North America and Europe were supported by an analysis performed by Towers Watson of the weighted-average yield expected to be achieved with the anticipated makeup of investments.

The following information illustrates the sensitivity to a change in certain assumptions for the North American pension plans for fiscal year 2014:


Change in Assumption	Effect on FY 2014 Pre-Tax Pension Expense
25 basis point decrease in discount rate	+$	8.8 million
25 basis point increase in discount rate	-$	8.5 million
25 basis point decrease in expected return on assets	+$	6.1 million
25 basis point increase in expected return on assets	-$	6.1 million

The above sensitivities reflect the impact of changing one assumption at a time. Economic factors and conditions often affect multiple assumptions simultaneously and the effects of changes in key assumptions are not necessarily linear.

The following information illustrates the sensitivity to a change in certain assumptions for the European pension plans for fiscal year 2014:


Change in Assumption	Effect on FY 2014 Pre-Tax Pension Expense
25 basis point decrease in discount rate	+$	4.0 million
25 basis point increase in discount rate	-$	3.8 million
25 basis point decrease in expected return on assets	+$	1.9 million
25 basis point increase in expected return on assets	-$	1.9 million

The differences in the discount rate and compensation level assumption used for the North American and European plans above can be attributed to the differing interest rate environments associated with the currencies and economies to which the plans are subject. The differences in the expected return on assets are primarily driven by the respective asset allocation in each plan, coupled with the return expectations for assets in the respective currencies.

Goodwill and Intangible Assets

In applying the acquisition method of accounting for business combinations, amounts assigned to identifiable assets and liabilities acquired were based on estimated fair values as of the date of acquisition, with the remainder recorded as goodwill. Intangible assets are initially valued at fair value using generally accepted valuation methods appropriate for the type of intangible asset. Intangible assets with definite lives are amortized over their estimated useful lives and are reviewed for impairment if indicators of impairment arise. Intangible assets with indefinite lives are tested for impairment annually as of April 1, and whenever indicators of impairment exist. The fair value of the intangible assets is compared with their carrying value and an impairment loss would be recognized for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the fair value. Goodwill is tested for impairment annually as of April 1, and whenever indicators of impairment exist. Goodwill is tested at the reporting unit level which is one level below our operating segments. The Company had ten reporting units on April 1, 2013.

During fiscal 2013, the Company adopted ASU 2012-02, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Testing Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets for Impairment (“ASU-2012-02”), which gives entities testing indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment the option of performing a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of the indefinite-lived intangible asset is less than its carrying amount. During this assessment, we first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of an indefinite-lived intangible asset, specifically some of our trade names, is less than its carrying amount. Qualitative factors we consider include, but are not limited to, cost factors; financial performance; legal, regulatory, contractual, political, business and other factors, including asset-specific factors; industry and market conditions; and macroeconomic conditions. If the qualitative factors indicate that it is more likely than not that the fair value of an indefinite-lived intangible asset is less than its carrying amount, we perform the two-step process to assess our indefinite-lived intangible asset for impairment. During fiscal year 2013, we assessed the qualitative factors and determined that the two-step impairment test was not required for our indefinite-lived intangible assets.

During fiscal 2013, the Company also performed a qualitative assessment for seven of our ten reporting units. Similar to our indefinite-lived intangible assets, during this assessment, we first assessed qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. Qualitative factors we consider include, but are not limited to, macroeconomic conditions, industry and market conditions, company specific events, changes in circumstances, after tax cash flows and market capitalization. If the qualitative factors indicate that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, we perform the two step process to assess our goodwill for impairment. During fiscal year 2013, we assessed the qualitative factors and determined that the two-step impairment test was not required for the seven reporting units reviewed.

During fiscal 2013, the Company performed Step 1 of the two-step impairment test for three of our ten reporting units. To perform this test, we used Level 3 valuation techniques to estimate the fair value of a reporting unit that fall under income or market approaches. Under the discounted cash flow method, an income approach, the business enterprise value is determined by discounting to present value the terminal value which is calculated using debt-free after-tax cash flows for a finite period of years. Key estimates in this approach were internal financial projection estimates prepared by management, business risk, and expected rate of return on capital. The guideline company method, a market approach, develops valuation multiples by comparing our reporting units to similar publicly traded companies. Key estimates and selection of valuation multiples rely on the selection of similar companies, obtaining estimates of forecasted revenue and EBITDA estimates for the similar companies and selection of valuation multiples as they apply to the reporting unit characteristics. Under the similar transactions method, a market approach, actual transaction prices and operating data from companies deemed reasonably similar to the reporting units is used to develop valuation multiples as an indication of how much a knowledgeable investor in the marketplace would be willing to pay for the business units.

If the Company was required to perform Step 2, we would determine the implied fair value of the reporting unit used in step one to all the assets and liabilities of that reporting unit (including any recognized or unrecognized intangible assets) as if the reporting unit had been acquired in a business combination. Then the implied fair value of goodwill would be compared to the carrying amount of goodwill to determine if goodwill is impaired. For the fiscal year ended June 30, 2013, we did not record any impairment losses of goodwill or intangibles.

Results of Operations

The table below sets forth our consolidated statements of operations and data as a percentage of revenue for the periods indicated.

Consolidated Statements of Operations

(Thousands of U.S. dollars)


	Fiscal Year Ended June 30,
	2013					2012					2011
Revenue	$	3,596,784		100	%	$	3,417,736		100	%	$	3,259,451		100	%


Costs of providing services:
Salaries and employee benefits		2,176,038		60	%		2,067,689		60	%		2,043,063		63	%
Professional and subcontracted services		269,251		7	%		285,063		8	%		246,348		8	%
Occupancy		143,948		4	%		141,053		4	%		144,191		4	%
General and administrative expenses		329,467		9	%		284,994		8	%		281,576		9	%
Depreciation and amortization		175,720		5	%		152,891		4	%		130,575		4	%
Transaction and integration expenses		30,753		1	%		86,130		3	%		100,535		3	%

		3,125,177		87	%		3,017,820		88	%		2,946,288		90	%


Income from operations		471,607		13	%		399,916		12	%		313,163		10	%

(Loss) / income from affiliates		(56	)	—	%		262		—	%		1,081		—	%
Interest income		2,400		—	%		3,860		—	%		5,523		—	%
Interest expense		(12,676	)	—	%		(9,156	)	—	%		(12,475	)	—	%
Other non-operating income		6,928		—	%		11,350		—	%		19,349		1	%


Income before income taxes		468,203		13	%		406,232		12	%		326,641		10	%

Provision for income taxes		152,551		4	%		145,756		4	%		129,916		4	%


Net income before non-controlling interests		315,652		9	%		260,476		8	%		196,725		6	%
Net (loss) / income attributable to non-controlling interests		(3,160	)	—	%		263		—	%		2,288		—	%

Net income attributable to controlling interests	$	318,812		9	%	$	260,213		8	%	$	194,437		6	%

Results of Operations for the Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2013

Compared to Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2012

Revenue

Revenue for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2013 was $3.6 billion, an increase of $179 million, or 5%, compared to $3.4 billion for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2012. Our newest segment, Exchange Solutions, contributed 3% to our total revenue growth in fiscal year 2013 compared to 2012 due to a full fiscal year of operations in which we increased membership in the retiree exchange by more than 80%. In addition, several successes contributed to our growth in fiscal year 2013. We assisted companies with de-risking activities related to bulk lump sum projects. We enhanced our client development group outside the U.S. to better align our organization with our multi-national and global clients and expanded our global footprint into rapidly developing markets such as South Africa, India and Russia. On an organic basis, which excludes the effects of acquisitions and currency, revenue increased 4% for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2013 compared to the fiscal year ended June 30, 2012. All of our segments experienced constant currency revenue growth in fiscal year 2013 compared to 2012.

The average exchange rate used to translate our revenues earned in British pounds sterling decreased to 1.5686 for fiscal year 2013 from 1.5782 for fiscal year 2012, and the average exchange rate used to translate our revenues earned in Euros increased to 1.2941 for fiscal year 2013 from 1.2757 for fiscal 2012. Constant currency is calculated by translating prior year revenue at the current year average exchange rate.

A comparison of segment revenue for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2013, as compared to the fiscal year ended June 30, 2012, is as follows:

•

Benefits revenue increased $71.8 million, or 4%, and was $2.0 billion for fiscal year 2013 compared to $1.9 billion for fiscal year 2012. On a constant currency basis, Benefits revenue increased 5% due to increased project work across all lines of business. The 5% increase in our Retirement business revenue, which makes up the majority of the segment, was driven by 6% revenue growth in the Americas, primarily due to bulk lump sum projects. We do not expect the same volume for bulk lump sum projects in fiscal year 2014. The 2% increase in Retirement revenue in EMEA was due to an increase in auto-enrollment project activity in the U.K. Our Technology and Administration Solutions business experienced 8% revenue growth primarily due to new client work in the U.K. and Germany. The growth in EMEA was driven by new administration work, and the growth in the Americas was due in part to call center support for the bulk lump sum projects. Our International business experienced 2% revenue growth. This group helps to address the issues multinationals face in their compensation and benefits programs. Our Health and Group Benefits business experienced 3% growth. In fiscal year 2014, we anticipate low-single digit revenue growth for our Benefits segment led by Technology and Administration Solutions while our Retirement business will be challenging because of the strong comparable in fiscal year 2013. Revenue in our Benefits segment increased 5% on an organic basis, which excludes the effects of acquisitions and currency.

•

Risk and Financial Services revenue was $811.5 million for fiscal year 2013 compared to $817.6 million for fiscal year 2012, a 1% decrease. Risk and Financial Services revenue increased 1% on a constant currency basis. Our lines of business experienced mixed results, with revenue growth in the Americas, while EMEA remained flat. Our Investment business had 8% constant currency revenue growth led by EMEA, due to an increase in project work and performance fees. Our Risk Consulting and Software business has two distinct offerings; software and consulting; each of which experienced different results in fiscal year 2013. Our software sales increased 11% due to our portfolio of software solutions for both life and property and casualty insurance. Our consulting services revenue, which is primarily project oriented, decreased due to tightening of discretionary spending, principally in EMEA. In addition, it appears likely that the timeline for European regulators to implement Solvency II will slip beyond 2014 and related project work may not reappear for some time. As a result, our Risk Consulting and Software business had a 4% constant currency decrease in revenue in fiscal year 2013 compared to 2012. Our Brokerage revenue increased 3% on a constant currency basis due to strong renewals and new business wins during our January renewals. We believe that Risk and Financial Services has moved into a more challenging environment. We anticipate discretionary spending to continue to affect the Risk Consulting and Software business and we expect the Investment business to continue to deliver strong revenue growth. Revenue in our Risk and Financial Services segment increased 1% on an organic basis.

•

Talent and Rewards revenue remained consistent and was $573.3 million for fiscal year 2013 compared to $570.5 million for fiscal year 2012. We achieved organic growth in all regions and in the Executive Compensation and Data, Surveys and Technology lines of business. The 5% organic revenue growth in our Executive Compensation business was led by EMEA. This growth was due to increased regulation and governance activity demand in all regions, particularly Europe. Rewards, Talent and Communication business revenue, which is primarily project oriented, decreased 1% compared to the prior year due to tightening discretionary spending. In fiscal year 2013, there were opportunities for project work related to health care reform and other benefit changes in the Americas. We experienced 2% growth in Data, Surveys and Technology revenue due to an increase in software implementations in the Americas. We anticipate modest revenue growth for our Talent and Rewards segment from several of our practice areas, including Data, Surveys and Technology, due to a strong demand for technology solutions. Revenue in our Talent and Rewards segment increased 2% on an organic basis.

•

Exchange Solutions revenue increased $91.2 million, and was $94.9 million, for fiscal year 2013 compared to $3.6 million for fiscal year 2012. As our newest segment, Exchange Solutions contributed 3% to the Company’s total revenue growth for fiscal year 2013 compared to fiscal year 2012. We established our fourth segment in fiscal year 2012 when we acquired Extend Health in May 2012. Our fiscal year 2012 revenue includes one month of revenue compared to a full fiscal year in 2013. In addition, Exchange Solutions segment revenue growth was due to the enrollment of new members, lower than expected attrition of members and our carrier volume incentives. During fiscal year 2013, we completed a very successful enrollment period for January 1 effective policies, during which we enrolled three times the number of new members compared to Extend Health’s historical results for the past two comparable enrollment seasons. As a result of purchase accounting, we did not recognize $12 million and $3 million of deferred revenue in fiscal year 2013 and 2012, respectively, associated with cash received for commissions for policies placed prior to the acquisition, as there is no subsequent performance obligation. In fiscal year 2013, we launched OneExchange, our integrated health insurance exchange solution for active employees and retirees. This new offering and the strong performance of Exchange Solutions is expected to continue to grow revenue in fiscal year 2014.

Salaries and Employee Benefits

Salaries and employee benefits were $2.2 billion for fiscal year 2013 compared to $2.1 billion for fiscal year 2012, an increase of $108.3 million, or 5%. On a constant currency basis, salaries and employee benefits increased by 7%. This increase was driven by an increase in base salary of $73.1 million attributable to a 3% increase in headcount, our annual salary merit increases and the impact of foreign currency translation. Our EMEA and APAC operations accounted for 2% of our headcount increase as of June 30, 2013, compared to June 30, 2012. Contributing to the increase, our Exchange Solutions segment had one month of operations in fiscal year 2012 compared to a full fiscal year of 2013. Our discretionary annual bonus is based on pre-bonus profitability and fluctuates based on our operating results, and as a result, our bonus expense for fiscal year 2013 increased by $21.6 million compared to fiscal year 2012. As a result of the increase in bonus and salary, our fringe benefits expense increased $20.7 million. The $17.5 million increase in our pension expense was due to decreases in discount rates. These increases were partially offset by a $25.6 million decrease in non-cash stock-based compensation primarily from the January 1, 2013 end of the service period and vesting of the restricted stock units issued to employees of Towers Perrin in the Merger. As a percentage of revenue, salaries and employee benefits was 60% for fiscal year 2013 compared to 60% for fiscal year 2012.

Professional and Subcontracted Services

Professional and subcontracted services for fiscal year 2013 was $269.3 million, compared to $285.1 million for fiscal year 2012, a decrease of $15.8 million, or 6%. Our external service provider fees decreased by $17.3 million compared to fiscal year 2012. We contracted with these service providers to supplement our day-to-day operations. In fiscal year 2013, our telecommunication, video conferencing, and internet services have been managed by our in-house information technology department, and these expenses are classified in general and administrative expenses. Our pass-through expenses, which are reimbursable under our contracts, increased by $1.5 million. As a percentage of revenue, professional and subcontracted services decreased to 7% for fiscal year 2013 from 8% for fiscal year 2012.

Occupancy

Occupancy expense for fiscal year 2013 was $143.9 million, compared to $141.1 million for fiscal year 2012, an increase of $2.9 million, or 2%. The increase was due to higher utilities, a decrease in sublease income and lower tenant improvement allowances, partially offset by a decrease in rent. As a percentage of revenue, occupancy expense was 4% for fiscal years 2013 and 2012.

General and Administrative Expenses

General and administrative expenses for fiscal year 2013 was $329.5 million, compared to $285.0 million for fiscal year 2012, an increase of $44.5 million, or 16%. Our professional liability and other claims expense increased $29.5 million in fiscal year 2013 compared to 2012 due to increases in our current legal reserves and reductions in prior year IBNR reserves. We also experienced an increase of $13.6 million in our telecommunications, video conferencing, internet and general office expenses for fiscal year 2013 compared to 2012. These expenses were classified in professional and subcontracted services in fiscal year 2012, as we previously contracted with an external service provider for these services. In addition, our newest segment Exchange Solutions was formed in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2012, contributing to higher general and administrative expenses in fiscal year 2013. As a percentage of revenue, general and administrative expenses was 9% for fiscal year 2013, compared to 8% for fiscal year 2012.

Depreciation and Amortization

Depreciation and amortization expense for fiscal year 2013 was $175.7 million, compared to $152.9 million for fiscal year 2012, an increase of $22.8 million, or 15%. The increase is primarily due to the amortization of intangibles related to our acquisition of Extend Health in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2012. In addition, we accelerated amortization for a software application that we acquired in the Merger, as management determined that its use would be primarily discontinued in the next two to three years. A portion of the increase is also attributable to increased depreciation on the computer hardware that was placed in service in fiscal years 2011 and 2012. As a percentage of revenue, depreciation and amortization expenses was 5% for fiscal year 2013 and 4% for fiscal year 2012.

Transaction and Integration Expenses

Transaction and integration expense for fiscal year 2013 was $30.8 million, compared to $86.1 million for fiscal year 2012, a decrease of $55.4 million. The decrease was principally due to a reduction in expenses related to information technology integration projects that were ongoing in fiscal year 2012 and completed in fiscal year 2013. As a percentage of revenue, transaction and integration expenses was 1% for fiscal year 2013 and 3% for fiscal year 2012.

(Loss) / Income from Affiliates

Loss from affiliates for fiscal year 2013 was $0.1 million compared to income from affiliates of $0.3 million for fiscal year 2012. In the second quarter of fiscal year 2012, we purchased a majority ownership in Fifth Quadrant Actuaries and Consultants Holdings (Pty) Ltd. (“Fifth Quadrant”) and began to consolidate its operations. Fifth Quadrant has historically been the primary source of income from affiliates.

Interest Income

Interest income was $2.4 million and $3.9 million for fiscal years 2013 and 2012, respectively.

Interest Expense

Interest expense was $12.7 million for fiscal year 2013, compared to $9.2 million for fiscal year 2012, which was in line with our outstanding principal balances during the fiscal years.

Other Non-Operating Income

Other non-operating income for fiscal year 2013 was $6.9 million, compared to $11.4 million for fiscal year 2012. In fiscal year 2012, we recorded a $2.8 million gain resulting from the fair value adjustment to our investment in Fifth Quadrant upon the purchase of a controlling interest. We acquired an additional ownership in Fifth Quadrant and consolidated our former equity investee in our results of operations beginning in the second quarter of fiscal year 2012. In fiscal year 2012, we also recorded deferred payments from divestitures.

Provision for Income Taxes

The provision for income taxes for fiscal year 2013 is 32.6% compared with 35.9% in fiscal year 2012. Our effective tax rate decreased by 1.5% for fiscal year 2013 as compared to fiscal year 2012 primarily due to a current year income tax benefit for foreign exchange losses recognized from legal entity restructurings.

Net Income Attributable to Controlling Interests

Net income attributable to controlling interests for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2013 was $318.8 million, an increase of $58.6 million, or 23%, compared to $260.2 million for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2012. As a percentage of revenue, net income attributable to controlling interests was 9% for fiscal year 2013, compared to 8% for fiscal year 2012.

Diluted Earnings Per Share

Diluted earnings per share for fiscal year 2013 was $4.46, compared to $3.59 for fiscal year 2012.

Results of Operations for the Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2012

Compared to Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2011

Revenue

Revenue for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2012 was $3.4 billion, an increase of $158.3 million, or 5%, compared to $3.3 billion for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2011. Our revenue growth reflects the good opportunities and strong teams we have developed in our business as well as from the addition of our three recent acquisitions, Extend Health, Aliquant and EMB. On an organic basis, which excludes the effects of acquisitions and currency, revenue increased 3% for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2012 compared to the fiscal year ended June 30, 2011. All of our segments experienced organic growth in fiscal year 2012.

The average exchange rate used to translate our revenues earned in British pounds sterling increased to 1.5898 for fiscal year 2012 from 1.5878 for fiscal year 2011, and the average exchange rate used to translate our revenues earned in Euros decreased to 1.3457 for fiscal year 2012 from 1.3637 for fiscal 2011. Constant currency is calculated by translating prior year revenue at the current year average exchange rate.

In fiscal year 2012, we experienced significant billing delays related to our ERP transition, which increased reserves for our receivables. We have a phased deployment, and the U.S. business impacts were identified and mitigated in the early stages of the EMEA roll-out.

A comparison of segment revenue for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2012, as compared to the fiscal year ended June 30, 2011, is as follows:

•

Benefits revenue increased $65.6 million, or 4%, and was $1.9 billion for fiscal year 2012 compared to $1.9 billion for fiscal year 2011. On a constant currency basis, our Benefits segment revenue increased 4% due to revenue growth in all of our businesses. Our Retirement business revenue, which represents the majority of the segment’s revenue, increased 1% on a constant currency basis. This growth was strongest in North America as we experienced growth in pension administration for new clients. Our Technology and Administration Solutions business experienced low double digit constant currency growth largely due to the addition of Aliquant and due to demand for system modifications and new call center clients. Revenue increased in our Health and Group Benefits business in the U.S. driven by an increase in client demand for our strategy work, particularly in the plan management and product sales. Our International business, with high single digit revenue growth, helps to address the issues multinationals face in their compensation and benefit programs. Revenue in our Benefits segment increased 3% on an organic basis, which excludes the effects of acquisitions and currency.

•

Risk and Financial Services revenue increased 10% and was $817.6 million for fiscal year 2012 compared to $740.7 million for fiscal year 2011. This increase was due to revenue growth in all businesses. Our Risk Consulting and Software business experienced low double digit constant currency revenue growth due to the addition of EMB. In addition, regulatory changes and merger and acquisition activity continue to drive demand. Our revenue in EMEA was impacted by a decrease in demand and a delay of Solvency II implementation. Revenue from property and casualty consulting increased in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2012. We experienced continued growth in our Brokerage business revenue due to mid single digit growth in the Americas. A strong renewal season with favorable pricing conditions and high retention rates drove growth. Our Investment business experienced mid single digit growth due to solid demand worldwide for advice on investment strategy, delegated services and alternative assets and has a good global pipeline. We remain cautious about Europe as discretionary spending seems to be tightening. Revenue in our Risk and Financial Services segment increased 4% on an organic basis.

•

Talent and Rewards revenue increased 5% and was $570.5 million for fiscal year 2012 compared to $543.5 million for fiscal year 2011. We achieved organic growth in all regions and in all lines of business of Talent and Rewards. We experienced high single digit revenue growth in our Executive Compensation consulting business this year. The Executive Compensation consulting environment continued focus on pay-performance alignment, increased focus on risk mitigation and efforts to gauge shareholders’ opinions have driven demand for our services globally. Rewards, Talent and Communication business revenue increased in the high single digits in all regions, led by the Americas. This growth was due to a robust annual benefits open enrollment period, where we assist clients in helping their employees understand the value of their health and benefit packages. Merger and acquisition activity globally has created demand for change management support and reward program design. We experienced low single digit growth in Data, Surveys and Technology revenue from the rationalization of our legacy product platforms over the past year. We saw a decrease in European sales in the fourth quarter. Talent and Rewards experienced 6% organic revenue growth.

•

We established our fourth segment, Exchange Solutions, when we acquired Extend Health on May 29, 2012. Exchange Solutions operates the largest private Medicare insurance exchange in the United States. Our core solution enables employers to transition their retirees to individual, defined contribution health plans at an annual cost that the employer controls. We generate revenue from the commissions we receive from insurance carriers for enrolling individuals into their health plans. This revenue increases as the number of enrolled members grows. For the quarter and fiscal year ended June 30, 2012, the Exchange Solutions segment revenue was $3.6 million for one month that it has been included in our consolidated operations. As a result of purchase accounting, we will not realize $15 million of deferred revenue associated with cash received for commissions paid by carriers per policy placed prior to the acquisition as there is no subsequent performance obligation.

Salaries and Employee Benefits

Salaries and employee benefits were $2.1 billion for fiscal year 2012 compared to $2.0 billion for fiscal year 2011, an increase of $24.6 million, or 1%. This increase was primarily driven by an increase in base salary of $96.0 million attributed to an 8% increase in headcount and a 4% increase in base salary. Our EMEA and APAC operations accounted for 56% of our headcount increase as of June 30, 2012 compared to June 30, 2011 as a result of our acquisition of EMB in January 2011 and also as we have increased resources in certain of our businesses in response to new business opportunities. We expect to continue hiring new associates to address pockets of opportunities as they arise throughout our business. Our discretionary annual bonus decreased by $19.2 million for fiscal year 2012 compared to fiscal year 2011 and is based on pre-bonus profitability and can fluctuate based on the operating results of the Company. Our stock-based compensation decreased $23.5 million in the current year primarily due to our use of the graded-vesting method of recording expense related to the restricted stock units issued to employees of Towers Perrin in the Merger. Our pension and other employee benefits expense decreased $23.9 million due to the remeasurement of our U.S. pension and post-retirement plans in September 2010. The plan changes substantially reduced plan obligations associated with future pay and health care cost increases. In addition, our fringe benefits and taxes were reduced by $10.8 million. As a percentage of revenue, salaries and employee benefits decreased to 60% for the fiscal year 2012 from 63% for fiscal year 2011.

Professional and Subcontracted Services

Professional and subcontracted services for fiscal year 2012 were $285.1 million, compared to $246.3 million for fiscal year 2011, an increase of $38.7 million, or 16%. The increase is due to an increase of $32.7 million of external service provider fees to supplement our day-to-day operations including information technology consultants and recruiting fees. We also experienced an increase in $6.0 million of pass-through expenses, which are reimbursable under our contracts. As a percentage of revenue, professional and subcontracted services were 8% for fiscal year 2012 and 2011.

Occupancy

Occupancy expense for fiscal year 2012 was $141.1 million compared to $144.2 million for fiscal year 2011, a decrease of $3.1 million, or 2%. We experienced decreases in base rent related to consolidating locations and eliminating leases and for amortization of the fair value of acquired lease intangibles and tenant improvement allowances. As a percentage of revenue, occupancy expense was 4% for fiscal years 2012 and 2011.

General and Administrative Expenses

General and administrative expenses for fiscal year 2012 were $285.0 million, compared to $281.6 million for fiscal year 2011, an increase of $3.4 million, or 1%. The increase was principally due to increased non-billable travel costs and general office expenses to support an expanded employee base. As a percentage of revenue, general and administrative expenses decreased to 8% for fiscal year 2012 from 9% for fiscal year 2011.

Depreciation and Amortization

Depreciation and amortization expense for fiscal year 2012 was $152.9 million, compared to $130.6 million for fiscal year 2011, an increase of $22.3 million, or 17%. The increase is primarily due to amortization of intangible assets related to our three new acquisitions, Extend Health in fiscal year 2012 and EMB and Aliquant in fiscal year 2011. In addition, we accelerated amortization for a software application that we acquired in the merger as management determined that its use would be discontinued in the next three to four years. A portion of the increase is also attributable to increased depreciation on the computer hardware that has been placed in service in fiscal years 2011 and 2012. As a percentage of revenue, depreciation and amortization expenses were 4% for fiscal year 2012 and 2011.

Transaction and Integration Expenses

Transaction and integration expense for fiscal year 2012 was $86.1 million, compared to $100.5 million for fiscal year 2011, a decrease of $14.4 million, or 14%. The decrease was principally due to fees paid in fiscal year 2011 to terminate our external information technology service provider relationship and to terminate leases for our office integration, offset by increased expenses associated with information technology integration projects in the current year. As a percentage of revenue, transaction and integration expenses were 3% for fiscal years 2012 and 2011.

(Loss) / Income from Affiliates

Income from affiliates for fiscal year 2012 was $0.3 million compared to income from affiliates of $1.1 million for fiscal year 2011. In the second quarter of fiscal year 2012, we purchased a majority ownership in Fifth Quadrant and began to consolidate its operations. Fifth Quadrant Actuaries and Consultants Holdings (Pty) Ltd. (“Fifth Quadrant”) has historically been the primary source of income from affiliates.

Interest Income

Interest income was $3.9 million and $5.5 million for fiscal years 2012 and 2011, respectively.

Interest Expense

Interest expense was $9.2 million for fiscal year 2012, compared to $12.5 million for fiscal year 2011.

Other Non-Operating Income

Other non-operating income for fiscal year 2012 was $11.4 million, compared to $19.3 million for fiscal year 2011. In fiscal year 2012, we recorded a $2.8 million gain resulting from the fair value adjustment to our investment in Fifth Quadrant upon the purchase of a controlling interest. We acquired an additional ownership in Fifth Quadrant and consolidated our former equity investee in our

results of operations beginning in the second quarter of fiscal year 2012. Included in fiscal year 2011 is $9.4 million received for a deferred payment on the sale of an investment. In both fiscal years 2012 and 2011, we also recorded deferred payments from divestitures.

Provision for Income Taxes

Provision for income taxes for fiscal year 2012 was $145.8 million, compared to $129.9 million for fiscal year 2011. The effective tax rate was 35.9% for fiscal year 2012 compared to 39.8% for fiscal year 2011. Our effective tax rate decreased for fiscal year 2012 as compared to fiscal year 2011 primarily due to a change in the mix of income between foreign and U.S. operations, and the release of valuation allowance in foreign jurisdictions, offset by the reduction of tax loss carryforwards that cannot be utilized following legal entity restructurings. Beginning in fiscal year 2012, the Company no longer provides deferred taxes on current or future earnings with respect to the acquired Towers Perrin Canadian subsidiary. If future events, including material changes in estimates of cash, working capital and long-term investments requirements, necessitate that foreign earnings be distributed, an additional provision for U.S. income and foreign withholding taxes, net of foreign tax credits, may be necessary.

Net Income Attributable to Controlling Interests

Net income attributable to controlling interests for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2012 was $260.2 million, an increase of $65.8 million, or 34%, compared to $194.4 million for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2011.

Diluted Earnings Per Share

Diluted earnings per share for fiscal year 2012 was $3.59, compared to $2.62 for fiscal year 2011.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Our most significant sources of liquidity are funds generated by operating activities, available cash and cash equivalents, and our credit facility. Consistent with our liquidity position, management considers various alternative strategic uses of cash reserves including acquisitions, dividends and stock buybacks, or any combination of these options.

We believe that we have sufficient resources to fund operations beyond the next 12 months. The key variables that we manage in response to current and projected capital resource needs include credit facilities and short-term borrowing arrangements, working capital and our stock repurchase program.

Our cash and cash equivalents at June 30, 2013 totaled $532.8 million, compared to $478.2 million at June 30, 2012. The increase in cash flows in fiscal 2013 was due to higher net income and from less cash used in business acquisitions. These increases were partially offset by lower cash inflows from borrowings. In fiscal year 2012, we paid $435.9 million in cash in conjunction with the acquisition of Extend Health, which was financed by borrowings under the Senior Credit Facility and a new $250.0 million term loan facility (the “Term Loan”).

Our cash and cash equivalents balance includes $71.4 million from the consolidated balance sheets of PCIC and SMIC, which is available for payment of professional liability and other claims reserves. As a result, we have a net $461.4 million of cash that is available for our general use.

Our fiduciary assets totaled $148.4 million at June 30, 2013, compared to $171.4 million at June 30, 2012. Of this amount, $142.6 million is related to our reinsurance brokerage business and $5.8 million is related to our health and welfare benefits administration outsourcing business. While we are permitted to invest such cash in high-quality investments and earn investment income on these holdings, all amounts are held in a fiduciary capacity on behalf of insureds, reinsurers or clients and are not available for other general use by the Company.

Our non-U.S. operations are substantially self-sufficient for their working capital needs. As of June 30, 2013, $330.1 million of Towers Watson’s total cash and cash equivalents balance of $532.8 million was held outside of the United States. Should we require more capital in the U.S. than is generated by our U.S. operations, we may decide to make additional borrowings under our Senior Credit Facility, repatriate funds held in foreign jurisdictions or raise capital in the U.S. through debt or equity issuances. These alternatives could result in higher effective tax rates or increased interest expense. We do not expect restrictions or taxes on repatriation of cash held outside the U.S. to have a material effect on the Company’s overall liquidity, financial condition or results of operations.

During Fiscal 2013, the company changed its ASC 740, Income Taxes, assertion with respect to our U.K. subsidiary and repatriated $165 million from its U.K. subsidiary. The change in assertion is primarily due to changes in foreign cash and liquidity requirements.

ASC 740, Income Taxes, requires a Company to recognize income tax expense when it becomes apparent that some or all of the undistributed earnings of a foreign subsidiary will be remitted in the foreseeable future. The U.S. tax cost from the UK repatriation was insignificant due to available foreign tax credits from the dividend equivalent to the U.S. statutory tax rate. We have not provided U.S. federal income taxes on undistributed foreign earnings of our other foreign subsidiaries because such earnings are considered indefinitely reinvested outside the United States. It is not practicable to estimate the U.S. federal income tax liability that might be payable if such earnings are not invested indefinitely. If future events, including material changes in estimates of cash, working capital and long-term investment requirements, necessitate that these earnings be repatriated, an additional provision for U.S. income and foreign withholding taxes, net of foreign tax credits, may be necessary.

Assets and liabilities associated with non-U.S. entities have been translated into U.S. dollars as of June 30, 2013, at U.S. dollar rates that fluctuate compared to historical periods. As a result, cash flows derived from changes in the consolidated balance sheets include the impact of the change in foreign exchange translation rates.

Events that could change the historical cash flow dynamics discussed above include significant changes in operating results, potential future acquisitions, material changes in geographic sources of cash, unexpected adverse impacts from litigation or future pension funding during periods of severe downturn in the capital markets.

Cash Flows From Operating Activities.

Cash flows from operating activities were $531.3 million for fiscal year 2013 compared to cash flows from operating activities of $316.1 million for fiscal year 2012. This increase of $215.3 million is primarily attributable to an increase in net income before non-controlling interests of $55.2 million and the increase in cash flows from accounts receivable collections of $189.3 million in fiscal year 2013 compared to fiscal year 2012. Our billed and unbilled accounts receivable balances decreased $58.5 million from June 30, 2012 to June 30, 2013 despite our revenue growth for the same period. Our ERP system has been fully implemented and our number of days of accounts receivable outstanding has returned to expected levels.

The allowance for doubtful accounts decreased $8.1 million from June 30, 2012 to June 30, 2013. The number of days of accounts receivable outstanding decreased to 81 at June 30, 2013 compared to 90 at June 30, 2012.

Cash Flows Used in Investing Activities.

Cash flows used in investing activities for fiscal year 2013 were $137.8 million, compared to $542.3 million for fiscal year 2012. This decrease in cash used is primarily due to $435.9 million of cash paid in fiscal year 2012 for the acquisition of Extend Health.

Cash Flows (Used in) / From Financing Activities.

Cash flows used in financing activities in fiscal year 2013 were $326.7 million, compared to cash flows from financing activities of $188.8 million in fiscal year 2012. The decrease in cash flows of $515.5 million was primarily due to higher repayments and lower borrowings under our Senior Credit Facility and our Term Loan in fiscal 2013 compared to fiscal 2012.

During fiscal 2013, the average outstanding balance on our Senior Credit Facility was $197.1 million, and the largest outstanding balance was $365.9 million.

Capital Commitments

Expenditures of capital were $77.9 million for fiscal year 2013. Additionally, during fiscal 2013, we spent $50.1 million for internally-developed capitalized software for external use by our clients.

Dividends

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements and Contractual Obligations


	Remaining payments by fiscal year due as of June 30, 2013
Contractual Cash Obligations (in thousands)	Total		Less than 1 Year		1-3 Years		3-5 Years		More Than 5 Years
Term loan	$	250,000	$	25,000	$	50,000	$	175,000	$	—
Lease commitments		575,374		107,910		182,919		126,982		157,563

	$	825,374	$	132,910	$	232,919	$	301,982	$	157,563

Operating Leases. We lease office space under operating lease agreements with terms typically averaging 10 years. We have determined that there is not a large concentration of leases that will expire in any one fiscal year. Consequently, management anticipates that any increase in future rent expense on leases will be mainly market driven. While the future operating lease payments presented above are not recognized on our balance sheet, we do have certain assets and liabilities related to these leases in the form of deferred rent accruals and intangible assets and liabilities. The intangible assets and liabilities were recognized for the difference between the contractual cash obligations shown above and the estimated market rates at the time of certain past acquisitions. The resulting intangibles will amortize to rent expense but do not impact the amounts shown above since there is no change to our contractual cash obligations.

Pension Contribution. Contributions to our qualified pension plans for fiscal year 2014 are projected to be $86.6 million. Additionally, the Company expects to pay $68.6 million in benefits directly to participants under our non-qualified plans for fiscal 2014.

Uncertain Tax Positions. The table above does not include liabilities for uncertain tax positions under ASC 740, Income Taxes. The settlement period for the $40.7 million liability, which excludes interest and penalties, cannot be reasonably estimated since it depends on the timing and possible outcomes of tax examinations with various tax authorities.

Contingent Consideration from Acquisitions. The table above does not include liabilities for contingent consideration for our EMB acquisition in fiscal year 2011 and our DaVinci acquisition in fiscal 2013. As of June 30, 2013, we still expect to pay out £2.4 million per year for fiscal year 2014 through fiscal year 2016 related to the EMB contingent consideration provisions in our agreements and subject to performance requirements on behalf of the sellers. Related to the DaVinci acquisition, we expect to pay out approximately $125 thousand per year for fiscal year 2014 through fiscal year 2017.

Indebtedness

Towers Watson Senior Credit Facility

On November 7, 2011, Towers Watson and certain subsidiaries entered into a five-year, $500 million revolving credit facility, which amount may be increased by an aggregate amount of $250 million, subject to the satisfaction of customary terms and conditions, with a syndicate of banks (the “Senior Credit Facility”). Borrowings under the Senior Credit Facility bear interest at a spread to either LIBOR or the Prime Rate. During fiscal 2013, the weighted-average interest rate on the Senior Credit Facility was 1.49%. We are charged a quarterly commitment fee, currently 0.175% of the Senior Credit Facility, which varies with our financial leverage and is paid on the unused portion of the Senior Credit Facility. Obligations under the Senior Credit Facility are guaranteed by Towers Watson and all of its domestic subsidiaries (other than our captive insurance companies).

The Senior Credit Facility contains customary representations and warranties and affirmative and negative covenants. The Senior Credit Facility requires Towers Watson to maintain certain financial covenants that include a minimum Consolidated Interest Coverage Ratio and a maximum Consolidated Leverage Ratio (which terms in each case are defined in the Senior Credit Facility). In addition, the Senior Credit Facility contains restrictions on the ability of Towers Watson to, among other things, incur additional indebtedness; pay dividends; make distributions; create liens on assets; make acquisitions; dispose of property; engage in sale-leaseback transactions; engage in mergers or consolidations, liquidations and dissolutions; engage in certain transactions with affiliates; and make changes in lines of businesses. As of June 30, 2013, we were in compliance with our covenants.

As of June 30, 2013, Towers Watson had no borrowings outstanding under the Senior Credit Facility.

Letters of Credit under the Senior Credit Facility

As of June 30, 2013, Towers Watson had standby letters of credit totaling $21.4 million associated with our captive insurance companies in the event that we fail to meet our financial obligations. Additionally, Towers Watson had $1.7 million of standby letters of credit covering various other existing or potential business obligations. The aforementioned letters of credit are issued under the Senior Credit Facility, and therefore reduce the amount that can be borrowed under the Senior Credit Facility by the outstanding amount of these standby letters of credit.

Additional Borrowings, Letters of Credit and Guarantees not part of the Senior Credit Facility

Towers Watson Consultoria Ltda. (Brazil) has a bilateral credit facility with a major bank totaling Brazilian Real (BRL) 6.5 million (U.S. $2.9 million). As of June 30, 2013, no borrowings were outstanding under this facility.

Towers Watson has also provided a $5.0 million Australian dollar-denominated letter of credit (U.S. $4.6 million) to an Australian governmental agency as required by local regulations. The estimated fair market value of this letter of credit is immaterial because it has never been used, and we believe that the likelihood of future usage is remote.

Towers Watson also has $4.3 million of letters of guarantee from major banks in support of office leases and performance under existing or prospective contracts.

Term Loan Agreement Due June 2017

On June 1, 2012, the Company entered into a five-year $250 million amortizing Term Loan with a consortium of banks. The interest rate on the term loan is based on the Company’s choice of one, three or six month LIBOR plus a spread of 1.25% to 1.75%, or alternatively the bank base rate plus 0.25% to 0.75%. The spread to each index is dependent on the Company’s consolidated leverage ratio. The weighted-average of the interest rates elected on the Term Loan during fiscal 2013 was 1.46%. The Term Loan amortizes at a rate of $6.25 million per quarter, beginning in September 2013, with a final maturity of June 1, 2017. The Company has the right to prepay a portion or all of the outstanding Term Loan balance on any interest payment date without penalty.

This agreement contains substantially the same terms and conditions as our existing Senior Credit Facility dated November 7, 2011, including guarantees from all of the domestic subsidiaries of Towers Watson (other than PCIC and SMIC).

The Company entered into the Term Loan as part of the financing of our acquisition of Extend Health (see Note 2).

Non-U.S. GAAP Measures

In order to assist readers of our financial statements in understanding the core operating results that the Company’s management uses to evaluate the business and for financial planning, we present (1) Adjusted Earnings Before Interest Tax Depreciation and Amortization, (“EBITDA”), (2) Adjusted Net Income Attributable to Controlling Interests, and (3) Adjusted Diluted Earnings Per Share (which are all non-U.S. GAAP measures), to eliminate the effect of acquisition-related expenses from the financial results of our operations. We use Adjusted Net Income Attributable to Controlling Interests (the numerator) for the purpose of calculating Adjusted Diluted Earnings Per Share. The Company believes that Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Diluted Earnings Per Share are relevant and useful information widely used by analysts, investors and other interested parties in our industry to provide a baseline for evaluating and comparing our operating results.

We incurred significant acquisition-related expenses related to our merger and integration activities necessary to combine Watson Wyatt and Towers Perrin from the Merger in January 2010 through fiscal year 2013. These acquisition-related expenses included transaction and integration costs, severance costs, non-cash charges for amortization of intangible assets and merger-related stock-based compensation costs from the issuance of merger-related restricted shares. Acquisition-related gains include a gain resulting from the fair value adjustment to our investment in Fifth Quadrant upon the purchase of a controlling interest. Included in our acquisition-related transaction and integration costs were integration consultant fees and legal, accounting, marketing and information technology integration expenses.

Although our merger and integration activities have been completed, we will continue to provide adjusted measures as we incur a significant amount of amortization from acquired intangibles. We expect that this amortization will continue over the estimated useful lives of the related intangibles. We consider Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Diluted Earnings Per Share to be important financial measures, which we use to internally evaluate and assess our core operations, and benchmark our operating results against our competitors. We use Adjusted EBITDA to evaluate and measure our performance-based compensation plans. Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Diluted Earnings Per Share are important in illustrating what our operating results would have been had we not incurred these acquisition-related expenses.

We define Adjusted EBITDA as net income before non-controlling interests adjusted for provision for income taxes, interest, net, depreciation and amortization, transaction and integration expenses, stock-based compensation, change in accounting method for pension, Extend Health stock-based compensation and other non-operating income. These non-U.S. GAAP measures are not defined in the same manner by all companies and may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures of other companies. Non-U.S. GAAP measures should be considered in addition to, and not as a substitute for, the information contained within our financial statements.

Reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to net income before non-controlling interests, Adjusted Net Income Attributable to Controlling Interests to net income attributable to controlling interests and Adjusted Diluted Earnings Per Share to diluted earnings per share are included in the tables below.


	Year Ended June 30,
	2013			2012			2011
	(in thousands)
Reconciliation of net income before non-controlling interests to Adjusted EBITDA is as follows:
Net income before non-controlling interests	$	315,652		$	260,476		$	196,725
Provision for income taxes		152,551			145,756			129,916
Interest, net		10,276			5,296			6,952
Depreciation and amortization		175,720			152,891			130,575
Transaction and integration expenses		30,753			86,130			100,535
Stock-based compensation (a)		9,868			31,152			71,715
Change in accounting method for pension		—			2,963			—
Extend Health stock-based compensation		—			931			—
Other non-operating income (b)		(6,872	)		(11,612	)		(20,430	)

Adjusted EBITDA	$	687,948		$	673,983		$	615,988

(a)

Stock-based compensation is included in salary and employee benefits expense and relates to Towers Watson Restricted Class A shares held by our current associates which were awarded to them in connection with the Merger in 2010 and Extend Health stock options held by our current associates which were assumed by the Company in connection with the acquisition.

(b)	Other non-operating income includes income from affiliates and other non-operating income.


	Year Ended
	2013		2012			2011
	(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)

Net income attributable to controlling interests	$	318,812	$	260,213		$	194,437
Adjusted for certain Merger-related items (c) , (d):
Amortization of intangible assets		53,166		42,393			34,087
Transaction and integration expenses including severance		20,733		54,110			64,799
Stock-based compensation (e)		6,652		20,577			46,850
Deferred payment from divestiture		—		—			(9,429	)
Change in accounting method for pension		—		1,859			—
Gain on investment in Fifth Quadrant		—		(1,779	)		—
Gain on investment in Extend Health		—		(727	)		—
Release of acquisition related liability		—		(601	)		—
Other merger-related tax items		—		(698	)		603
Extend Health stock-based compensation		—		615			—

Adjusted net income attributable to controlling interests	$	399,363	$	375,962		$	331,347


Weighted average shares of common stock — diluted (000)		71,555		72,542			74,139


Earnings per share — diluted, as reported	$	4.46	$	3.59		$	2.62
Adjusted for certain Merger-related items:
Amortization of intangible assets		0.73		0.59			0.46
Transaction and integration expenses including severance		0.29		0.74			0.87
Stock-based compensation		0.09		0.28			0.63
Deferred payment from divestiture		—		—			(0.13	)
Change in accounting method for pension		—		0.03			—
Gain on investment in Fifth Quadrant		—		(0.03	)		—
Gain on investment in Extend Health		—		(0.01	)		—
Release of acquisition related liability		—		(0.01	)		—
Other merger-related tax items		—		(0.01	)		—
Extend Health stock-based compensation		—		0.01			0.01

Adjusted earnings per share — diluted	$	5.57	$	5.18		$	4.46

(c)

The adjustments to net income attributable to controlling interests and diluted earnings per share of certain Merger-related items are net of tax. In calculating the net of tax amounts, all adjustments were tax effected at the applicable effective tax rate (ETR) for the period, which was 32.6% for the year ended June 30, 2013.

(d)	In periods prior to fiscal 2013, there were significant variances between the interim period ETR and the applicable ETR for each merger-related item. In calculating the net of tax amounts for the years ended June 30, 2012 and June 30, 2011, the ETRs applied were as follows:


	Year-Ended
	2012			2011
Amortization of intangible assets		35.40	%		34.40	%
Transaction and integration expenses including severance		37.20	%		35.60	%
Stock-based compensation		34.00	%		34.70	%
Deferred payment from divestiture					34.50	%
Change in accounting method for pension		37.30	%
Gain on investment in Fifth Quadrant		28.00	%
Gain on investment in Extend Health		39.90	%
Release of acquisition related liability		39.90	%
Extend Health stock-based compensation		34.00	%

Included in other merger-related tax items in 2012 is a $0.7 million benefit resulting from tax restructurings in Canada, Brazil, Mexico, Belgium, Sweden, Ireland and France. In 2011, the other merger-related tax items include a $1.1 million benefit resulting from a tax restructuring in Japan and $1.7 million expense resulting from incorporation of former Watson Wyatt branches. All merger-related tax items are included in the consolidated statement of operations under provision for income taxes for 2012 and 2011.

(e)	Stock-based compensation relates to shares of Restricted Class A common stock held by our current associates which were awarded to them as former Towers Perrin employees in connection with the Merger.

Risk Management

As a part of our risk management program, we purchase customary commercial insurance policies, including commercial general liability and claims-made professional liability insurance. Our professional liability insurance currently includes a self-insured retention of $1 million per claim, together with a self-insured retention of $10 million aggregate, above the $1 million self-insured retention, and covers professional liability claims against us, including the cost of defending such claims.

Effective July 1, 2010 through July 1, 2011, Stone Mountain Insurance Company (“SMIC”), a wholly-owned captive insurance company, provided us with $50 million of professional liability insurance coverage per claim and in the aggregate, including the cost of defending such claims, above the $1 million self-insured retention. SMIC secured $25 million of reinsurance coverage from unaffiliated reinsurance companies in excess of the $25 million SMIC retained layer. Excess insurance attaching above the SMIC coverage is provided by various unaffiliated commercial insurance companies. Because we have a self-insured retention for each claim and because Stone Mountain is wholly-owned by us, our primary errors and omissions risk is borne by Towers Watson or the subsidiary SMIC. As stated above, commencing July 1, 2010, Towers Watson obtained primary insurance for errors and omissions professional liability risks from SMIC on a claims-made basis. SMIC has issued a policy of insurance substantially similar to the policies historically issued by PCIC.

For the policy period beginning July 1, 2011 and ending July 1, 2012, certain changes were made to our professional liability insurance program. These changes remain in-force for the policy periods beginning July 1, 2012 and ending July 1, 2013, and beginning July 1, 2013 and ending July 1, 2014. Our professional liability insurance includes a self-insured retention of $1 million per claim. Towers Watson also retains a $10 million aggregate self-insured retention above the $1 million self-insured retention per claim. SMIC provides us with $40 million of coverage per claim and in the aggregate, above these retentions. SMIC secured $25 million of reinsurance from unaffiliated reinsurance companies in excess of the $15 million SMIC retained layer. Excess insurance attaching above the SMIC coverage is provided by various unaffiliated commercial insurance companies. Because of the $1 million self-insured retention per claim and the additional $10 million aggregate self-insured retention above, and because Stone Mountain is wholly-owned by us, our primary errors and omissions risk is borne by Towers Watson and the subsidiary SMIC. We reserve for contingent liabilities based on ASC 450, Contingencies, when it is determined that a liability, inclusive of defense costs, is probable and reasonably estimable. The contingent liabilities recorded are primarily developed actuarially.

Before the Merger, Watson Wyatt and Towers Perrin each obtained substantial professional liability insurance from an affiliated captive insurance company, Professional Consultants Insurance Company (“PCIC”). A limit of $50 million per claim and in the aggregate was provided by PCIC subject to a $1 million per claim self-insured retention. PCIC secured reinsurance of $25 million attaching above the $25 million PCIC retained layer. In addition, both legacy companies carried excess insurance from unaffiliated commercial insurance companies above the self-insured retention and the coverage provided by PCIC.

Our ownership interest in PCIC is 72.86% post-Merger. As a consequence, PCIC’s results of operations are consolidated into our results of operations. Although the PCIC insurance policies for Towers Watson’s fiscal year 2010 continue to cover professional liability claims above a $1 million per claim self-insured retention, the consolidation of PCIC will effectively net PCIC’s premium income against our premium expense for the first $25 million of loss above the self-insured retention for each legacy company. Accordingly, the impact of PCIC’s reserve development may result in fluctuations in our earnings. PCIC ceased issuing insurance policies effective July 1, 2010 and at that time entered into a run-off mode of operation. Our shareholder agreements with PCIC could require additional payments to PCIC if development of claims significantly exceeds prior expectations.

We provide for the self-insured retention where specific estimated losses and loss expenses for known claims are considered probable and reasonably estimable. Although we maintain professional liability insurance coverage, this insurance does not cover claims made after expiration of our current policies of insurance. Generally accepted accounting principles require that we record a liability for incurred but not reported (“IBNR”) professional liability claims if they are probable and reasonably estimable, and for which we have not yet contracted for insurance coverage. We use actuarial assumptions to estimate and record our IBNR liability. As of June 30, 2013, we had a $184.1 million IBNR liability, net of recoverable receivables of our captive insurance companies. This net liability decreased from $202.2 million as of June 30, 2012 as the result of improved claims experience. To the extent our captive insurance companies, PCIC and SMIC, expect losses to be covered by a third party, they record a receivable for the amount expected to be recovered. This receivable is classified in other current or other noncurrent assets in our consolidated balance sheet.

Insurance market conditions for us and our industry have varied in recent years, but the long-term trend has been increasing premium cost. Although the market for professional liability insurance is presently reasonably accessible, trends toward higher self-insured

retentions, constraints on aggregate excess coverage for this class of professional liability risk and financial difficulties which have, over the past few years, been faced by several longstanding E&O carriers, are anticipated to recur periodically, and to be reflected in our future annual insurance renewals. As a result, we will continue to assess our ability to secure future insurance coverage, and we cannot assure that such coverage will continue to be available in the event of adverse claims experience, adverse loss trends, market capacity constraints or other factors.

In light of increasing litigation worldwide, including litigation against professionals, we have a policy that all client relationships be documented by engagement letters containing specific risk mitigation clauses that were not included in all historical client agreements. Certain contractual provisions designed to mitigate risk may not be legally enforceable in litigation involving breaches of fiduciary duty or certain other alleged errors or omissions, or in certain jurisdictions. We may incur significant legal expenses in defending against litigation.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Not yet adopted

On February 5, 2013, the FASB issued ASU 2013-02, “Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reporting of Amounts Reclassified Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income,” which requires entities to disclose additional information about items reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive income (“AOCI”). The requirements include by component disclosures of changes in AOCI balances along with the related income tax benefit or expense and significant items reclassified out of AOCI. ASU 2013-2 is effective for annual periods, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2012, and the amendments are to be applied prospectively. While early adoption is permitted, the Company plans to adopt the new requirements in its reporting for the first quarter of the Company’s fiscal year 2014. The Company expects no material impact to its financial statements as a result of adopting this provision.

On June 7, 2013, the FASB issued ASU 2013-08, “Financial Services – Investment Companies (Topic 946): Amendments to the Scope, Measurement, and Disclosure Requirements,” which amends the criteria an entity would need to meet to qualify as an investment company under ASC 946. The ASU (1) introduces new disclosure requirements that apply to all investment companies and (2) amends the measurement criteria for certain interests in other investment companies. The ASU also amends the requirements in ASC 810 related to qualifying for the “investment-company deferral” in ASU 2010-10 as well as the requirements in ASC 820 related to qualifying for the “net asset value practical expedient” in ASU 2009-12. We manage certain funds that are considered variable interest entities and for which our management fee is considered a variable interest. These funds qualify for the “investment-company deferral” in ASU 2010-10 and therefore are subject to the consolidation guidance prior to the issuance of ASU 2009-17. The ASU is effective for interim and annual periods that begin after December 15, 2013, and early adoption is prohibited. The Company is currently evaluating whether these funds will continue to qualify for the “investment-company deferral” based on the amended investment company criteria proscribed by ASU 2013-08.

On July 18, 2013, the FASB issued ASU 2013-11, “Presentation of an Unrecognized Tax Benefit When a Net Operating Loss Carryforward, a Similar Tax Loss, or a Tax Credit Carryforward Exists,” which requires an unrecognized tax benefit to be presented in the financial statements as a reduction to a deferred tax asset for a net operating loss carryforward, similar tax loss, or a tax credit carryforward. To the extent the tax benefit is not available at the reporting date under the governing tax law or if the entity does not intend to use the deferred tax asset for such purpose, the unrecognized tax benefit should be presented as a liability and not combined with deferred tax assets. ASU 2013-11 is effective for annual periods, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2013. The amendments are to be applied to all unrecognized tax benefits that exist as of the effective date and may be applied retrospectively to each prior reporting period presented. While early adoption is permitted, the Company plans to adopt the new requirements in its reporting for the first quarter of the Company’s fiscal year 2014. The Company expects no material impact to its financial statements as a result of adopting this provision.

Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.

We are exposed to market risks in the ordinary course of business. These risks include interest rate risk, foreign currency exchange and translation risk.

Interest Rate Risk

We are primarily exposed to changes in short-term interest rates globally with respect to the return on our cash and short-term investments, and in the United States with respect to our cost of borrowing under our term loan and revolving credit facility.

Because of our desire for flexibility with respect to our investment balances, and our primary objective of preservation of principal, we primarily invest our portfolios in short-term securities that are recorded on the balance sheet at fair value.

We monitor our cost of borrowing under our various facilities, taking into account the seasonal nature of our funding requirements, and our expectation for short-term rates in the future.

We have material pension obligations that are impacted by interest rates. In recent years, the declining interest rate environment has resulted in lower discount rates, one of the main assumptions used in valuing a pension plan. As discount rates are determined by corporate bond yields, significant changes in the bond market can adversely affect our discount rate, which in turn increases our pension liabilities.

Foreign Currency Risk

For the fiscal year ended June 30, 2013, 47% of our revenue was denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar, typically in the local currency of our foreign operations. These operations also incur most of their expenses in the local currency. Accordingly, our foreign operations use the local currency as their functional currency and our primary international operations use the British pound sterling, Canadian dollar and the Euro. Our international operations are subject to risks typical of international operations, including, but not limited to, differing economic conditions, changes in political climate, differing tax structures, other regulations and restrictions, and foreign exchange rate volatility. Accordingly, our future results could be adversely impacted by changes in these or other factors. At June 30, 2013, a uniform 10% strengthening in the value of the U.S. dollar relative to the currencies in which our transactions are denominated would result in a decrease in net income attributable to controlling interests of $19.9 million, or 6%, for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2013. This theoretical calculation assumes that each exchange rate would change in the same direction relative to the U.S. dollar. This calculation is not indicative of our actual experience in foreign currency transactions.

Translation Exposure

Foreign exchange rate fluctuations may adversely impact our consolidated financial position as well as our consolidated results of operations and may adversely impact our financial position as the assets and liabilities of our foreign operations are translated into U.S. dollars in preparing our consolidated balance sheet. Additionally, foreign exchange rate fluctuations may adversely impact our consolidated results of operations as exchange rate fluctuations on transactions denominated in currencies other than our functional currencies result in gains and losses that are reflected in our consolidated statement of operations. Certain of Towers Watson’s foreign subsidiaries, primarily in the United Kingdom, receive revenue in currencies that differ from their functional currencies. To reduce this variability, Towers Watson uses foreign exchange forward contracts and has the ability to use over-the-counter options to hedge the foreign exchange risk of the forecasted collections. See Note 7, “Derivative Financial Instruments” in the notes to the consolidated financial statements contained in this Form 10-K for a further discussion of our foreign currency forwards and their fair market value.

We consolidate our international subsidiaries by converting them into U.S. dollars in accordance with generally acceptable accounting principles of foreign currency translation. The results of operations and our financial position will fluctuate when there is a change in foreign currency exchange rates.

Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.

Our consolidated financial statements, together with the related notes and the report of independent registered public accounting firm, are set forth on the pages indicated in Item 15.

Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure.

None.

Item 9A. Controls and Procedures.

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

An evaluation was performed under the supervision and with the participation of the chief executive officer, or CEO, and chief financial officer, or CFO, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based upon that evaluation, our management, including the CEO and CFO, concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of June 30, 2013 in providing reasonable assurance that the information required to be disclosed in our periodic reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act is (1) recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in SEC rules and forms, and (2) accumulated and communicated to our management to allow for timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

During the year ended June 30, 2012, we began a phased implementation of a new enterprise resource planning system to be used as our accounting system. During the year ended June 30, 2013, our new system deployment was completed. The transition to the new information system included a significant effort in the testing of the system prior to deployment, training of associates who are using the system and updating of our internal control process and procedures that were impacted by the deployment. During each phase of the deployment, we tested the results from the system and performed an appropriate level of monitoring of the system’s results. As a result of the deployment of the system, our management updated the system of internal control over the impacted areas.

Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Internal control over financial reporting refers to the process designed by, or under the supervision of, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, and overseen by our board of directors, management and other personnel, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and includes those policies and procedures that:

(1)

Pertain to the maintenance of records that in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company;

(2)

Provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and

(3)

Provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Internal control over financial reporting cannot provide absolute assurance of achieving financial reporting objectives because of its inherent limitations. Internal control over financial reporting is a process that involves human diligence and compliance and is subject to lapses in judgment and breakdowns resulting from human failures. Internal control over financial reporting also can be circumvented by collusion or improper management override. Because of such limitations, there is a risk that material misstatements may not be prevented or detected on a timely basis by internal control over financial reporting. However, these inherent limitations are known features of the financial reporting process. Therefore, it is possible to design into the process safeguards to reduce, though not eliminate, this risk.

Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting for the company. Management has used the framework set forth in the report entitled Internal Control — Integrated Framework published by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations (COSO) of the Treadway Commission to evaluate the effectiveness of the company’s internal control over financial reporting. Based on this evaluation, management has concluded that the company’s internal control over financial reporting was effective as of June 30, 2013.

The effectiveness of our internal controls over financial reporting has been audited by Deloitte & Touche LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report, which is included herein.

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of

Towers Watson & Co.

New York, New York

We have audited the internal control over financial reporting of Towers Watson & Co. and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of June 30, 2013, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Controls Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed by, or under the supervision of, the company’s principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, and effected by the company’s board of directors, management, and other personnel to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of the inherent limitations of internal control over financial reporting, including the possibility of collusion or improper management override of controls, material misstatements due to error or fraud may not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. Also, projections of any evaluation of the effectiveness of the internal control over financial reporting to future periods are subject to the risk that the controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of June 30, 2013, based on the criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.

We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated financial statements and financial statement schedule as of and for the year ended June 30, 2013 of the Company and our report dated August 15, 2013 expressed an unqualified opinion.

/s/ DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP

McLean, Virginia

August 15, 2013

Item 9B. Other Information.

None.

Part III.

Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance.

Information with respect to the executive officers of the Company is provided in Part I, Item 1 above under the heading “Executive Officers of the Company”. Information as to the individuals serving on the board of directors of the Company is set forth below.

The remaining information required by this item will be included in a definitive proxy statement to be filed within 120 days after the end of our fiscal year, and that information is incorporated herein by this reference.

Directors of the Company

Victor F. Ganzi

Retired Chief Executive Officer, The Hearst Corporation

John J. Haley

Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board of Directors

Leslie S. Heisz

Former Managing Director, Lazard Freres & Co.

Brendan R. O’Neill

Retired Chief Executive Officer, Imperial Chemical Industries PLC

Linda D. Rabbitt

Founder and Chief Executive Officer, Rand Construction Corporation, and Lead Director

Gilbert T. Ray

Retired Partner, O’Melveny & Myers LLP

Paul Thomas

Senior Executive, Rank North America

Wilhelm Zeller

Retired Chief Executive Officer, Hannover Re Group

Item 11. Executive Compensation.

The response to this item will be included in a definitive proxy statement to be filed within 120 days after the end of our fiscal year, and that information is incorporated herein by this reference.

Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters.

The response to this item will be included in a definitive proxy statement to be filed within 120 days after the end of our fiscal year, and that information is incorporated herein by this reference.

Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence.

The response to this item will be included in a definitive proxy statement to be filed within 120 days after the end of our fiscal year, and that information is incorporated herein by this reference.

Item 14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services.

The response to this item will be included in a definitive proxy statement to be filed within 120 days after the end of our fiscal year, and that information is incorporated herein by this reference.

Part IV

Item 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules.

Financial Information


		(1)		Consolidated Financial Statements of Towers Watson & Co.

		Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

		Financial Statements:
				Consolidated Statements of Operations for each of the three years in the period ended June 30, 2013
				Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for each of the three years in the period ended June 30, 2013
				Consolidated Balance Sheets at June 30, 2013 and 2012
				Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for each of the three years in the period ended June 30, 2013
				Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity for each of the three years in the period ended June 30, 2013
				Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

		(2)		Consolidated Financial Statement Schedule for each of the three years in the period ended June 30, 2013

				Valuation and Qualifying Accounts and Reserves (Schedule II)

				All other schedules are omitted because they are not applicable or the required information is shown in the financial statements or notes thereto.

		(3)		Exhibits

				See (b) below.

Exhibits

See Exhibit Index on page 107.

Financial Statement Schedules

Not applicable.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.


	TOWERS WATSON & CO. (Registrant)

Date: August 15, 2013	By:	/s/ John J. Haley
		John J. Haley
		Chief Executive Officer

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.


Signature	Title	Date

/s/ John J. Haley	Chief Executive Officer and Director	August 15, 2013
John J. Haley

/s/ Roger F. Millay	Chief Financial Officer	August 15, 2013
Roger F. Millay

/s/ Michael M. Thomson	Chief Accounting Officer	August 15, 2013
Michael M. Thomson

/s/ Victor F. Ganzi	Director	August 15, 2013
Victor F. Ganzi

/s/ Leslie S. Heisz	Director	August 15, 2013
Leslie S. Heisz

/s/ Brendan R. O’Neill	Director	August 15, 2013
Brendan R. O’Neill

/s/ Linda D. Rabbitt	Director	August 15, 2013
Linda D. Rabbitt

/s/ Gilbert T. Ray	Director	August 15 2013
Gilbert T. Ray

/s/ Paul D. Thomas	Director	August 15, 2013
Paul D. Thomas

/s/ Wilhelm Zeller	Director	August 15, 2013
Wilhelm Zeller

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of

Towers Watson & Co.

New York, New York

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Towers Watson & Co. and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of June 30, 2013 and 2012, and the related consolidated statements of operations, statement of comprehensive income, changes in equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended June 30, 2013. Our audits also included the financial statement schedule listed in the Index at Item 15. These financial statements and financial statement schedule are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the financial statements and financial statement schedule based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, such consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Towers Watson & Co. and subsidiaries at June 30, 2013 and 2012, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended June 30, 2013, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Also, in our opinion, such financial statement schedule, when considered in relation to the basic consolidated financial statements taken as a whole, presents fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein.

We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of June 30, 2013, based on the criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated August 15, 2013 expressed an unqualified opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

/s/ DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP

McLean, Virginia

August 15, 2013

TOWERS WATSON & CO.

Consolidated Statements of Operations

(Thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data)


	Year Ended June 30,
	2013			2012			2011

Revenue	$	3,596,784		$	3,417,736		$	3,259,451


Costs of providing services:
Salaries and employee benefits		2,176,038			2,067,689			2,043,063
Professional and subcontracted services		269,251			285,063			246,348
Occupancy		143,948			141,053			144,191
General and administrative expenses		329,467			284,994			281,576
Depreciation and amortization		175,720			152,891			130,575
Transaction and integration expenses		30,753			86,130			100,535

		3,125,177			3,017,820			2,946,288


Income from operations		471,607			399,916			313,163

(Loss) / income from affiliates		(56	)		262			1,081
Interest income		2,400			3,860			5,523
Interest expense		(12,676	)		(9,156	)		(12,475	)
Other non-operating income		6,928			11,350			19,349


Income before income taxes		468,203			406,232			326,641

Provision for income taxes		152,551			145,756			129,916


Net income before non-controlling interests		315,652			260,476			196,725
Net (loss) / income attributable to non-controlling interests		(3,160	)		263			2,288

Net income attributable to controlling interests	$	318,812		$	260,213		$	194,437


Earnings per share:
Net income attributable to controlling interests - basic	$	4.48		$	3.60		$	2.62

Net income attributable to controlling interests - diluted	$	4.46		$	3.59		$	2.62


Weighted average shares of common stock, basic (000)		71,150			72,221			74,075

Weighted average shares of common stock, diluted (000)		71,555			72,542			74,139

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements

TOWERS WATSON & CO.

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

(In thousands of U.S. dollars)

(Unaudited)


	Year Ended June 30,
	2013			2012			2011

Net income before non-controlling interests	$	315,652		$	260,476		$	196,725


Other comprehensive income / (loss), net of tax:
Foreign currency translation		(57,036	)		(73,009	)		155,187
Defined pension and post-retirement benefit costs		107,223			(263,319	)		263,903
Hedge effectiveness		(122	)		(918	)		3,158
Available-for-sale securities		(81	)		(788	)		758

Other comprehensive income / (loss) before non-controlling interests		49,984			(338,034	)		423,006

Comprehensive income / (loss) before non-controlling interests		365,636			(77,558	)		619,731
Comprehensive (loss) / income attributable to non-controlling interest		(4,457	)		(331	)		2,078

Comprehensive income / (loss) attributable to controlling interests		370,093			(77,227	)		617,653

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements

TOWERS WATSON & CO.

Consolidated Balance Sheets

(Thousands of U.S. dollars, except share data)


	June 30,
	2013			2012
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	532,805		$	478,179
Fiduciary assets		148,414			171,406
Short-term investments		56,645			40,436
Receivables from clients:
Billed, net of allowances of $12,768 and $20,871		519,580			564,111
Unbilled, at estimated net realizable value		306,258			320,240

		825,838			884,351
Other current assets		148,519			185,025

Total current assets		1,712,221			1,759,397
Fixed assets, net		346,915			315,000
Deferred income taxes		86,313			157,491
Goodwill		2,218,935			2,252,555
Intangible assets, net		687,758			768,848
Other assets		279,935			103,687

Total Assets	$	5,332,077		$	5,356,978


Liabilities
Accounts payable, accrued liabilities and deferred income	$	351,648		$	333,443
Employee-related liabilities		560,831			558,222
Fiduciary liabilities		148,414			171,406
Term loan - current		25,000			—
Other current liabilities		26,980			39,911

Total current liabilities		1,112,873			1,102,982
Revolving credit facility		—			208,000
Term loan		225,000			250,000
Accrued retirement benefits and other employee-related liabilities		771,429			880,877
Professional liability and other claims reserve		251,191			266,619
Other noncurrent liabilities		226,750			191,183

Total Liabilities		2,587,243			2,899,661


Commitments and contingencies

Stockholders’ Equity
Class A Common Stock — $0.01 par value: 300,000,000 shares authorized; 69,178,097 and 63,521,654 issued and 65,341,759 and 60,666,474 outstanding		692			635
Class B Common Stock — $.01 par value: 93,500,000 shares authorized; 5,374,070 and 11,035,878 issued and 5,374,070 and 11,035,878 outstanding		54			110
Additional paid-in capital		1,850,448			1,833,799
Treasury stock, at cost — 3,836,338 and 2,855,180 shares		(221,643	)		(168,901	)
Retained earnings		1,394,407			1,117,622
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(299,464	)		(350,745	)

Total Stockholders’ Equity		2,724,494			2,432,520

Non-controlling interest		20,340			24,797

Total Equity		2,744,834			2,457,317

Total Liabilities and Total Equity	$	5,332,077		$	5,356,978

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements

TOWERS WATSON & CO.

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(Thousands of U.S. dollars)


	Year Ended June 30,
	2013			2012			2011
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income before non-controlling interests	$	315,652		$	260,476		$	196,725
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash from operating activities:
Provision for doubtful receivables from clients		8,351			21,722			13,004
Depreciation		96,811			87,273			78,461
Amortization of intangible assets		78,910			65,619			52,114
Provision for deferred income taxes		62,510			107,560			14,448
Equity from affiliates		—			212			(622	)
Stock-based compensation		28,906			53,785			79,922
Other, net		(3,249	)		7,595			(10,209	)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities (net of business acquisitions)
Receivables from clients		40,079			(149,186	)		(98,468	)
Fiduciary assets		23,177			(19,925	)		22,167
Other current assets		(16,710	)		(1,862	)		18,728
Other noncurrent assets		10,507			(10,318	)		(39,343	)
Accounts payable, accrued liabilities and deferred income		31,144			55,255			49,495
Employee-related liabilities		33,642			5,020			187,881
Fiduciary liabilities		(23,177	)		25,566			(20,431	)
Accrued retirement benefits and other employee-related liabilities		(141,895	)		(76,752	)		(55,859	)
Professional liability and other claims reserves		(13,575	)		(75,019	)		(28,746	)
Other current liabilities		(1,800	)		(588	)		10,305
Other noncurrent liabilities		(2,649	)		(2,047	)		20,944
Income tax related accounts		4,680			(38,328	)		50,721

Cash flows from operating activities		531,314			316,058			541,237

Cash flows used in investing activities:
Cash paid for business acquisitions		(5,678	)		(438,932	)		(141,885	)
Cash acquired from business acquisitions		636			7,044			10,349
Fixed assets and software for internal use		(77,891	)		(123,696	)		(76,859	)
Capitalized software costs		(50,081	)		(34,926	)		(22,487	)
Purchases of held-to-maturity securities		—			—			(14,295	)
Redemptions of held-to-maturity securities		—			—			14,295
Purchases of available-for-sale securities		(61,251	)		(24,825	)		(54,696	)
Redemption of available-for-sale securities		49,128			68,503			72,703
Investment in affiliates		—			—			(5,805	)
Proceeds from divestitures		7,371			4,497			17,772

Cash flows used in investing activities		(137,766	)		(542,335	)		(200,908	)

Cash flows (used in) / from financing activities:
Borrowings under credit facility		422,600			755,300			75,000
Repayments under credit facility		(630,600	)		(547,300	)		(75,000	)
Borrowings under term loan		—			250,000			—
Loan origination fees		—			(4,803	)		—
Repayments of notes payable		—			(100,771	)		(200,000	)
Earn-out payments		(3,556	)		(3,683	)		—
Dividends paid		(48,153	)		(26,448	)		(21,599	)
Repurchases of common stock		(46,618	)		(108,896	)		(30,646	)
Payroll tax payments on vested shares		(25,010	)		(33,183	)		(26,596	)
Issuances of common stock and excess tax benefit		4,657			8,573			6,158

Cash flows (used in) / from financing activities		(326,680	)		188,789			(272,683	)

Effect of exchange rates on cash		(12,242	)		(13,256	)		25,350

Increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents		54,626			(50,744	)		92,996
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period		478,179			528,923			435,927

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	532,805		$	478,179		$	528,923

Supplemental disclosures:
Cash paid for interest	$	7,461		$	4,837		$	4,268

Cash paid for income taxes, net of refunds	$	81,958		$	55,873		$	64,117

Common stock withheld for taxes associated with vesting of the Restricted A Shares	$	25,010		$	33,183		$	26,596

Common stock issued upon the vesting of our SEP plan restricted stock units	$	9,513		$	22,099		$	—

Issuance of stock in conjunction with the acquisition of EMB and the Merger	$	—		$	—		$	11,250

Contingent payments accrued in conjunction with the acquisitions of EMB and Aliquant	$	—		$	—		$	20,026

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements

TOWERS WATSON & CO.

Consolidated Statement of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity

(In Thousands of U.S. dollars and Number of Shares in Thousands)


	Class A Common Stock Outstanding			Class A Common Stock		Class B Common Stock Outstanding			Class B Common Stock			Additional Paid-in Capital		Treasury Stock, at Cost			Retained Earnings			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss			Non- Controlling Interest			Total
Balance as of June 30, 2010		47,160		$	472		27,043		$	270		$	1,679,624	$	—		$	711,570		$	(436,329	)	$	9,065		$	1,964,672
Net Income		—			—		—			—			—		—			194,437			—			2,288			196,725
Other comprehensive income/(loss)													192								423,024			(210	)		423,006
Repurchases of common stock		—			—		—			—			—		(30,646	)		—			—			—			(30,646	)
Shares received for employee taxes upon conversion of Restricted A shares		—			—		—			—			—		(26,596	)		—			—			—			(26,596	)
Exercises of stock options and purchases under our ESPP		—			—		—			—			—		4,882			—			—			—			4,882
Vesting of restricted stock units		(19	)		—		—			—			—		—			—			—			—			—
Class A Common Stock:
Cash dividends declared		—			—		—			—			—		—			(22,846	)		—			—			(22,846	)
Issuances of common stock and excess tax benefits		111			1		—			—			1,097		—			—			—			—			1,098
Stock-based compensation		—			—		—			—			79,922		—			—			—			—			79,922
Conversion of Class B-1 shares to Class A shares		5,642			56		(5,642	)		(56	)		—		—			—			—			—			—
Issuance of Class B-3 and B-4 shares for acquisition		—			—		228			2			11,248		—			—			—			—			11,250
Acceleration of Class B shares to Class A shares		83			1		(84	)		—			—		—			—			—			—			1
Adjustment to repurchases of Class B-1 shares from tender offer		—			—		28			—			1,202		—			—			—			—			1,202
Secondary offering conversion of Class B1 shares to Class A shares		4,921			49		(4,921	)		(49	)		—		—			—			—			—			—

Balance as of June 30, 2011		57,898		$	579		16,652		$	167		$	1,773,285	$	(52,360	)	$	883,161		$	(13,305	)	$	11,143		$	2,602,670
Net Income		—			—		—			—			—		—			260,213			—			263			260,476
Other comprehensive loss																					(337,440	)		(594	)		(338,034	)
Acquisition of Fifth Quadrant		—			—		—			—			—		—			—			—			13,985			13,985
Stock options assumed in Extend Health acquisition		—			—		—			—			11,160		—			—			—			—